Document RaZZEOkw0j5VgEjdMyeMJy0xz

FILE NAME: Sprayed Asbestos (SPRA) DATE: 1963 DOC#: SPRA019 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: UK Govt Publication - Specification for Sprayed Asbestos Insulation  BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION The British Standards Institution was founded in !901 and incorporated by Royal Charter in 1929. The principal objects of the Institution as set out in the charter are to co-ordinate the efforts of producers and users for the improvement, standardization and simplification of engineering and industrial materials; to simplify production and distribution; to eliminate the waste of time and material involved in the pro duction of an unnecessary variety o f patterns and sizes o f articles for one and the same purpose; to set up standards of quality and dimensions, and to promote the general adoption of British Standards. In carrying out its work the Institution endeavours to ensure adequate representation of all view pi ints. Before embarking on any project it must be satisfied that there is a strong body of opinion in favour of proceeding and that there is a recognized need to be met. The Institution is a non-profit-making concern. It is financed by subscriptions from firms, trade asso ciations, professional institutions and other bodies interested in its work, by a Government grant and by the sale of its publications. The demands on the services of the Institution are steadily increasing and can only be met if continuing and increased financial support is provided. Membership of the Institution is open to British subjects, companies, technical and trade associations, and local and public authorities. t 'nn i-u i in Lni. UinJ h v h a t f U n v Li-ui < J, 4 V iiir , rur. l * . o t , v l ! , , ' \ SPECIFICATION FOR SPRAYED ASBESTOS INSULATION B.S. 3590 : 1963 Pr icc 4 6 net BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, I M ' O K P O K A I t l > !`. Y R O I A I C I 1 A K I I K B R I T I S H STANDARDS HOUSE, 2 PARK ST.. LONDON, W. I I I I ! ( K I MS S 1 A M M R I 1 S , l O M X A \\ . I T l l l l 'IHJNI MA I I A IR B.S. 3590 : 1963 A .r z This British Standard, having been approved by the Asbestos and Asbestos Cement Building Products Industry Standards Committee and endorsed by the Chairman of the Building Divisional Council, was published under the authority o f the General Council on 28th February, 1963. The Institution desires to call attention to the fact that this British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. In order to keep abreast of progress in the industries concerned, British Standards are subject to periodical review. Suggestions for improvements will be recorded and in due course brought to the notice o f the committees charged with the revision o f the standards to which they refer. A complete list of British Standards numbering more than 4000, indexed and cross-indexed for reference, together with an abstract o f each standard, will be found in the Institution's Yearbook, price 15s. This standard makes reference to the following British Standards : B.S. 350. Conversion factors and tables. B.S. 12. Portland cement (ordinary and rapid hardening). B.S. 410. Test sieves. B.S. 476, Part 1, Fire tests on building materials and structures. B.S. 2972. Methods o f test for thermal insulating materials. British Standards are revised, when neecssar\, bv the issue either o f amendment slips or o f revised editions. It is important that users o f British Standards should asiertain they are in possession o f the latest amendments or editions. i i-.v IV'I' w in e li S ! r e ie ic m .e s relate to the u . n k o n th is M a m l a r d - Com:,-lit, e releieitet ASii o Dml'l for tnm m cnl AC(ASB)1V'0 2 CONTENTS Co-operating organizations Foreword SPECIFICATION 1. Scope 2. Definitions 3. Composition 4. Preparation of samples 5. Testing 6. Requirements APPENDICES A. Test for bulk density B. Test for stability andcohesion C. Notes on sprayed asbestosinsulation as a lire protection material D . Sound absorption E. Metric equivalents B.S. 3590 : 1963 Page 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 8 8 9 10 12 S. JVA) : | V().i CO-OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS The Asbestos and Asbestos-Cement Building Products Industry Standards Committee, under whose super vision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organiza tions: 1Asbestos Cement Manufacturers' Association Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations D.S.I.R.--Building Research Station Incorporated Association of Architects and Surveyors ""Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Municipal Engineers ""Institution of Structural Engineers Ministry of Housing and Local Government Ministry of Public Building and Works National Federation of Builders' and Plumbers' Merchants National Federation of Building Trades Employers Royal Institute of British Architects *The Royal Institution o f Chartered Surveyors Royal Society for the Promotion of Health The Government department and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the Committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: D.S.I.R.--Joint Fire Research Organization of the D.S.I.R. and Fire Offices Committee 1 ire Protection Association Manufacturers of asbestos products 4 B.S. 3590 : 196 BRITISH STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR SPRAYED ASBESTOS INSULATION FOREWORD This British Standard prepared under the authority of the Asbestos and Asbestos Cement Building Products Industry Standards Committee gives general requirements for asbestos based insulating material which is applied 10 the surfaces of structures by spraying in order to control condensation, to provide sound absorption, to afford protection from the effects of fire, or to provide insulation against the transmission of heat. Application of sprayed asbestos insulation should be carried out by trained operators. The material is applied by spraying together with jets of atomised water and pressing back to the thickness required after the surface to be covered has been suitably prepared and if necessary treated with adhesive. Various finishes may be applied by trowelling, spraying or other means. The present standard deals solely with the material as applied and gives tests based on slab specimens as detailed in Clause 6 o f this standard. A stability and cohesion test has been designed to assess the resistance to vibration of sprayed asbestos insulation when subjected to vibration in excess of anything which might be experienced in practice. This standard does not deal with the adhesives or any change in perfor mance values due to subsequent treatment by way o f an applied finish as in both instances there are several variations which appear to be equally satis factory, according to the purpose for which the insulation is being used. It is anticipated that a Code of Practice dealing fully with the actual use and application of the material will follow the issue of this standard which is intended to first establish standard characteristics of sprayed asbestos insulation. In the interim some useful information of this nature has been included in \ppcndix C and Table 1. NOTE. Metric equivalents are given in Appendix I'. The figures m British units are to he regaided as the standard. I he metric conversions are approximate. More accurate con versions should be based o n the tables m B.S. 350, 'C onversion factors an d tab les'. SPECIFICATION scope 1. This British Standard deals only with requirements for the composition, manufacture, preparation of samples and testing o f sprayed asbestos insulation. nm .M TinNs 2. For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply ; Milled asbestos fibre. Asbestos fibre as normally purchased bv the manufacturer. I B.S. 3590 : 1963 B.S. 3590 : 1963 Cohesion. After completion of test (n). Prepared asbestos fibre. Asbestos fibre and binder prepared ready for toll be measured as specified in Appendix B and the me mcan spraying. hickness shall not exceed *- inch. . COMPOSITION Thermal conductivity. The test shall be in 3. The prepared asbestos fibre for spraying shall be manufactured by intimately mixing milled asbestos fibre and Portland cement complying with B.S. 12*. No other fibrous material shall be used. The minimum asbestos fibre content shall be 55 per cent by weight of the dry coating and the minimum Portland cement content shall be 90 per cent by weight of the remainder. m B.S. 874. Part 2*. Thermal conductivity sha below when measured at a hot face temperature in the ran, a cold face temperature in the range 40 10 *' Bulk density of test specimen Thermal conduct s\ ity io-'F and - PREPARATION OF SAMPLES 4. The samples for tests in a, b, c, and d of Clause 6 shall be prepared by the manufacturer. At least four sprayed panels shall be provided which shall be prepared by spraying the insulating material on to a scrim cloth evenly spread on a rigid base able to give adequate support to the panels during handling. The scrim cloth enables the panel to be separated easily from the riid base and shall be removed after conditioning and cutting. The panels lb/cu ft 5 Over 5 and up to 10 Over 10 and up to 15 Btu in/ft2 h degF 0-30 0-35 0-40 d. Soun.d a, bsorp, tio,,n. IfIf,htheeppuurcrhcansae.rc reauires a test for somunedthaobdsoargprteieodn. shall be approximately 2 ft 6 in x 2 ft 6 in ^ 1 - Vs* m thick. The panels shall be conditioned to constant weight at 50-70-P and 55-60 per cent lelative humidity, before any testing is carried out. != S 'g r f and with a 3 inch air space iscc TESTING 5. The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with information based on the performance of the material when submitted to the tests in Clause 6. When independent testing is required it shall be by arrangement between the purchaser and manufacturer, and this requirement shall be stated in the Appendix D). requeues cycles/sccond Sound absorption Sprayed asbestos, I in thick enquiry and order. REQUIREMENTS 6 a Bulk density. When tested in accordance with Appendix A the mean bulk density of sprayed asbestos fibre shall be not less than 5 lb eu ft and not ... , r.ro resistance tests on elements of e. Fire resistance. When require , accordance with pucturc protected with sprayed asbestos shall be made in acco le requirements of B.S. 476, Par! It- more than 15 Ib/cu ft. f. Mould growth, if the purchaser r e qmr e s a| f a r c i e d put on a b. Stability and cohesion. When tested in accordance with Appendix B the weight of fall-out from the specimen and the increase m thickness shall not hall be stated in the enquiry and ordc... Su.h. * .. - ^ ^ m accordancc pccinwntaUn from ita panel, Sp c c ,y ,U n S la u . ^ ^ ,, ,, diu,, ,, , ,,,= exceed the figures given below. Stability, (i) After a test of one hour's duration the average weight of fall-out shall not exceed 0-005 grams per specimen tested. rith the requirements o . whcn evaluated in accordance naterial shall be immune from mould growth when evau . r huc e 13 of that British Standard. , " ;s ; 874 ,,art 2, "Definitions of beat m suhuing terms a nd me,hods .if d e e r m u u n g thermal (ii) After testing for a further three hours the average additional weight of fall-out shall not exceed 0 005 grams. 1. T i r e tests o n bu dding - t e n n i s ^ ` ^ " ^ urL.d hulld.nE m a n , ,a!s`. " s 19s: ,.j r t 2. ` Melhods of testing lunp.il lesnla nee ct m .in u ..,u u r - * B,S. 12, `Portland cement (ordinary and rapid-hardenm." ......,1 jrjr-r- ~ -- "]<";.. B.S. 3590 : 1%3 APPENDIX A TEST FOR BULK DENSITY Three specimens each approximately 12 in '< 12 in, to an accuracy of H2 ;n. shall be cut cleanly from three of the four panels specified in Clause 4. The edge of the specimen shall be not less than 2 in from anv edge of the panel and the original faces of the panel shall be retained. Specimens shall be dried to constant weight in an oven at a temperature of 105 5'C. The dimensions and weight of each specimen, shall be accurately determined in accordance with B.S. 2972*, paragraph 2.2.1.a and h, and 2.4 respectively. The bulk density shall then be calculated and the average densin. in lb cu ft. of the three specimens shall be reported. APPENDIX B Apparatus. TEST FOR STABILITY A N D COHESION (i) A sieve vibrator shall be used. (ii) The characteristics of this machine arc (sec Fig. 1): Bark cork 1% in dia. ' s4 in Gyrations per minute 255 10 per cent Hammer blows per minute 140 --- 10 per cent Fall of hammer Us in in Hammer weight (weighed by spring balance while hammer is fixed to the machine) 3 lb (iii) 1Metal specimen holders. These are shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and provide a means of suspending the spraved asbestos samples in the machine in a horizontal position. (iv) Sieves andrecei\ ers. The sieves arc Rin diameter, fiat mesh to B.S. 410t with 14 in square apertures and are used not as sieves but as a simple means of suspending the samples in their holders. The combination of X in diameter sieves and recehers as shown in Fig. 2 is designed to test three samples simultaneously. (v) Adhesives and >>ritsh< The supplier of the insulation shall spceil's the type of adhesive to be used when applying the insulation and this adhesive shall be used to attach tile lest specimens to the steel holders. The utinesive specified is applied to the specimens and (he steel holders b\ means of a 1 in camel hau brush. * B S. y 72 . I'K'l, \Melhou'. a; u s t lor therm.it insulating m j l e n a b " . * US. 410 i 7 - 4 ' I c'i'i Me u V . B.S. 3590 : 1903 tvil Pressing loot. As shown in Fig. 5 for pressing the specimen into the specimen holder. Procedure. Three specimens each 5 in : 5 in shall he cut cleanly from three of ;he four panels specified in Clause 4. The edges of these specimens shall not be nearer than 2 in from anv edge of the panel. The face o f the specimen original!} covered bv the scrim cloth shall be coated thinlv with adhesive using the camel hair brush. The cut edges are similarly coated. The inside face and walls of the specimen holder shall also be coated with adhesive and the specimen placed into it so that the uncoated face is exposed. The specimen shall then be gently pressed into position using the pressing tool (Fig. 5), care being taken not to compress the specimen beyond its original thickness. The specimens shall then be conditioned at 50-70 F and 55-60 per cent relative humidity for 24 hours. The specimens in their holders shall be mounted in the combination of sieves and receivers shown in Fig. 2 and the whole assemble clamped in the machine (see Fig. 1). The machine is run for 1 hour after which the fall-out in the three receivers is brushed out on to a watch-glass and weighed to the same accuracy as in Appendix A. This weight divided by three gives the average figure as required by Clause 6b(i). The sieves and receivers shall be re-assembled, clamped in the machine and run for a further three hours. The assembly is again dismantled and the fall-out in the three receivers brushed out and weighed as before. This weight divided b\ three gives the average figure required by Clause 6/HH). The thickness o f the specimens shall then be determined at the centre point usinc the thickness gauge as described in B.S. 2972, sub-clause 2.2.1. M i). APPENDIX C NOTFS ON SPRAYED ASBESTOS INSULATION AS A FIRE PROTECTION MATERIAL (see Table 1) Sprayed asbestos is of value for tire protection of structures from two aspects: 1. It is non-combustible and therefore docs not burn or contribute to the fire load of a buildim;: 2. On account of its insulation properties the resistance o f structures to fire is increased. Non-combustibilitv and fire resistance are defined in B.S. 476, Part I* The former is a property of a material and the latter of an clement of a structure as a whole and not of its components. The effectiveness of the insulation depends * B S 4" <i, I'.ti; !, T t ,. lest-, on builitmp materials and structure-'. t `B.S. 3590 : 1963 upon its thermal properties, density, and thickness. To obtain the maximum benefit from its use it should remain in position for the duration of fire exposure; in certain cases it may be necessary to employ adhesives or mechanical means for this purpose. Many tests have been made since 1938 in accordance with B.S. 476, Part 1 on structural elements in which the sprayed asbestos insulation formed a protective coating. The results o f tests on some tvpical forms of construction are shown in Table 1 together with data derived for other periods of fire resistance. The fire resistance o f structures not covered by this table can be determined bv subjecting them to the standard fire test. APPENDIX D SOUND ABSORPTION Sound absorption is the term used to denote the reduction of sound energy on reflection from a surface. The acoustic efficiency of a sound absorbent is expressed by a sound absorption coefficient. The coefficient varies with the frequency of the sound and is commonly quoted for frequencies at octave intervals of 125. 250, 500, 1000,2000,4000 cycles per second. The sound absorption coefficient of a surface is the ratio of the energy absorbed to that incident on the surface. The product of the absorption coefficient and the area of the surface is the total absorption of the surface. When the area is expressed in square feet, the unit of absorption is called the `sabin'. 10 B.S. 3590 : 1963 TABLE 1 FIRE RESISTANCE O F ST R U C T U R A L ELEM ENTS PROTECTED W ITH SPR A Y ED ASBESTOS 1 Type of construction ! Range of density lb cu ft *Min. thickness in inches for fire resistance period in hours 4 3 2 U-2 ' J Timber floor with joists having a minimum r width of 2 in and covered with tongue and groove boarding; application to metal lathing fixed direct to joists. 2. Solid slab reinforced concrete floor of 5V4 in minimum thickness, direct applica tion to sofiit. 5. Steel cellular flooring with structural con crete topping of 2*4 in minimum thickness, direct application to sofiit. 4. Solid protection to steel columns and beams (shaped to contour). 5. Hollow protection to steel columns and beams; application to metal lathing. 6. l-.xternal wall of asbestos cement sheeting with application on inside as protection against internal fire onlv. L Steel bulkhead, both sides. 14 in thick, application 8 . Steel bulkhead, 14 in thick, application one side only. 9. Aluminium bulkheads, (4 in thick,applica tion both sides: a . For load bearing structures when the temperature of the aluminium is re quired not to exceed 200 C. b. For non-load bearing structures when the temperature of the ahimmium is required not to exceed 500 ________ 10-15 10-15 10-15 9-15 9-15 10 8-15 8-15 15 15 -- . . . . lM )j 114 H 1 "/4 1 % 15 1 i u [ 14 1 ' , U4 /4 ' `7JR 8 M i 114 % 3/a o 1U ] I -- -- -- , 72 Us 1-Fa * --i l 'a j * Reduced thicknesses and densities other than those ewen may be used when shown to be ` satisfactory by a standard lire lest. j i I | 3?S ..- j j j f T . - ` .Tija B.S. 3590 : 1963 APPENDIX E APPROXIMATE METRIC EQUIVALENTS in Mo l8 Vi % Vz 53's l 114 H4 If* U-i 2 2Vi 254 3 3y> 4 4T, 5 8 12 2 ft 6 in Btu in' ft1 h degF 100 mni 0-79 3-175 6-35 9-52 12-70 15-87 19-05 25-40 31-75 38-10 41-27 44-45 50-8 63-5 69-85 76-20 88-90 101-60 120-65 127-00 203-20 304-80 342-90 762-00 kcal m h deC 0 124 014 oz Oj> 5y, li 16 - 10 40 70 80 100 lb cu fr D 8 9 10 15 20 0-078 0 156 0-312 0-455 c 12-2 4-1 21-1 26-7 37-0 kg n r : 80-09 128-15 144-17 160-18 240-28 320 37 12 Hammer *3389* B.S. .W O : \<h,.\ mG oyvraemtinegnt Hammer J {TT71j movement j | j j l-ig. 1. Sieve vibrator I i 1 *p * * B.S. 3590 : 1963 Fiat lid Back plate (Fig. 4) 3 x V* in (18 gauge B G) fla t mesh B.S.sieves 3 B.S. interm ediate/ receivers 1 oid type fla t bottom receiver "3 sprayed asbestos sp e cim en s -1,2 and 3 in M /S holders (Fig. 3) T otal height I 3 Ve in Fig. 2. The assembly of B.S. sieves and receivers with test samples 14 B.S. 3590 : 1963 1 ir Internal dimensions;- -2 /2 - s s ------- C30 3 ------- ^i> 3/i6 welded bolts w ith wing nuts and washers , i , r- -1ll ~--W -2 ---"---* 1/2 - i __ 2 >2 T.. I 1/2 walls Wt = l! ounces (approx.) All dim ensions a re in inches. Fig. 3. Mild steel specimen holder (18 gauge m/s) I!/2 h-- 2 - < Diagonal wood handle 3 x 3/4 square VVt = 5 / 2 ounces (approx) W t = 2 3A ounces (approx) All dimensions are in inches. Fig. 4. Bark plate (18 gauge m/s) Fig. 5. Pressing tool (% in hardboard)