Document RaXMQ29ewMDqBybYGO5LG7jn8

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MIXING AND HANDLING Cl 2 IN FURNACE OILS AND GAS TURBINE FUELS Product Service and Safety Ethyl Corporation New York, New York I. HANDLING Concentrated "Ethyl" Combustion Improver 2 has a freezing point of 28 F and should either be stored where it will not freeze or should be diluted as described in Section III. Particular care should be used in avoiding any exposure of the concentrated or diluted Cl 2 mixture to light. Concentrated Cl 2 is not red label, having a flash point of 2 3 3 F. However, it should be handled with proper regard and the electrical equip ment used with it should meet National Electrical Code requirements. Combustion Improver 2 (Cl 2), methyl cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl, is toxic in concentrated form and the precautions on the containers, which are quoted below, should be observed. WARNING VAPOR HARMFUL ' LIQUID ABSORBED THROUGH SKIN HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED - . Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or clothing Use only with adequate ventilation In case of contact, immediately flush skin or eyes with excess of water; for eyes, . . get medical attention . . Wash clothing for re-use Induce vomiting if swallowed Tests have shown that at the concentrations used in fuel oils for home heating furnaces or industrial, marine boilers and gas turbine power plants, there is no health hazard from Cl 2 to those handling or using the treated fuels. PS&S 483 Revised 12-66 K'i= 0002526 II ORDERING AND SHIPPING INFORMATION Container sizes: 4,000 - 6,000 - gallon tank car 55 - gallon non-returnable steel drum I 5 - gallon non-returnable steel drum 1 - gallon non-returnable steel drum Rail and truck shipments: Minimum carload lots: 47-55 gallon drums Minimum truckload: 38-55 gallon drums Container Information: DRUM SIZE 55-gal Contents, gal. of compound Contents, lb. of compound 52 600 * Tare, lb., approximate 48 Dimensions, diameter, in. . , height, in. , Volume, cu.ft. 23 35 10.71 Specification, ICC 17E 5-gal 4.1 47 5 11.5 13.75 1.07 17E 1 gal 0.82 9 'k 2 6.75 8.5 0.26 17E Freight classification: Chemical NOIBN, ICC Class "B" poison labels required. PS&S 483 Revised 12-66 tfk 0002527 Ill, MIXING "Ethyl" .Combustion Improver 2 will be added in relatively small quantities to fuel oils. The use concentration will.vary according to the application and the type of base fuel. For example, at the recommended use concentration of 0.025 grams manganese per gallon for fuel oil, 73 ml of concentrated compound would treat 1,000 gallons of fuel oil. Whereas at use concentrations ranging from 0.010 to 0.050 volume io Cl 2 (0.129 to 0.645 grams manganese, per gallon for industrial gas turbine fuel), 378 to 1892 ml of con centrated compound would be required to treat 1,000 gallons of gas turbine fuel. Use concentrations for jet aircraft turbine engines are even higher; i.e., ranging as high as 0.100 volume Cl 2 (1.290 grams manganese per gallon.) .. . Because of the relatively large difference in the densities of Cl 2 and fuels (1.38 g/ml vs. 0.75 to O .85 g/ml), it has been found that inadequate mixing may result from merely pouring concentrated Cl 2 into fuel, even with subsequent circulation. If it appears necessary to make a blend in this manner, it is recommended that . the Cl 2 be diluted with several volumes of fuel before being added to the tank, and that the tank be partially filled prior to the addition of this diluted material. .. At refineries or major terminals, ah additive pump system may be used with Cl 2 supplied by drum or tank car, depending on the quantity required. An Ethyl Brochure, PS&S - 489, . "METERED MIXING -- -from small containers A Metering Pump System for : the controlled addition of Liquid-Additives : (Other than Antiknocks) to Petroleum Products. covering various positive displacement metering pumps is available upon request. PS&S 483 Revised 12-66 K;E' 0002528 -4 Drawing No. PS&S 483-5 shows a suggested arrangement for the addition of concentrated Cl 2 to fuel in a large refinery or terminal blending tank by using an additive pump. The pump can be sized to suit the quantity of Cl 2 to be blended. In most cases a small pump can be used. The Cl 2 can be added while the tank is being filled then circulated for mixing, or it can be added after the tank is filled by circulating during the addition and mixing. In most cases the Cl 2 will be blended into smaller tanks, or during transfer from one tank to another, or from tank to shipping container, such as a tank truck or barge. In this case, the Cl 2 should be used in dilute form and moved in a metering type pump adjusted to the flow rate of the transfer line. Drawing N o . PS&S 483-2A shows a suggested arrangement for the addition of dilute Cl 2 to fuel oil. To assure accuracy of addition at lok concentration and adequate blending, it is recommended that dilute mixtures of Cl 2 be used. FURNACE FUEL OILS (0.025 g Mn/gal RANGE) A dilution ratio of 39:1 (39 parts by volume of kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil to 1 part by volume of CI 2) makes an idal mixture and will hve a freezing point of about minus 39 F. ' For loading racks with a monthly volume of less than 1 million gallons of fuel oil, a standard 275-300 gallon home fuel oil tank can be used to make up the 39 to 1 mixture, i.e., 5 gallons Cl 2 in 195 gallons of kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil. NOTE: (Ethyl's standard 5 gallon container has a contents of 4.10 gallons, V? lbs. This container loading is based on the amount of Cl 2 to treat 5000 bbls (42 gal/bbl) of fuel oil to the recommended use concentration of 0,025 gm Mn/gal. Similarly, the one-gallon container is loaded with 9-4 Its* of Cl 2, sufficient to treat 1000 bbls of fuel oil. Thus this five gallon drum should be mixed with l60 gallons of kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil.) For a million gallons or more, a larger tank may be more convenient. Care should be exercised to assure obtaining a uniform mixture in the dilution tank. One way this can be done is to fill the dilution tank l/3 full with fuel oil, add the Cl 2, finish putting in the required amount of fuel oil, then mix thoroughly by circulating. (See Miking Table for Diluted "Ethyl" Combustion Improver 2, PS&S 483-4). PS&S 483 Revised 12-66 Kfe 0002529 -5- GAS TURBINE FUELS (O.Ol to 0.05 Vol $ CI 2) Since considerably larger amounts of Cl 2 will be required for thi application, it is recommended that either concentrated Cl 2 or dilutions of 4:1 (4 parts by volume of turbine fuel to 1 part by volume of Cl 2} or 9:1 (9 parts by volume of turbine fuel to 1 part by volume of Cl 2) be uised. Currently, there is no set concentration for this use, however, the attaiched mixing tables should provide adequate guidance in selecting the most conyenient quantities. For example, if a normal practice involves a 5500 gallon tank truck and it is desired to blend Cl 2 at a level of 0.020 volume $, it will #be seen that 1.1 gallons of Cl 2 will be required (0.20 x 5*5)- With a 10 diluted blend of Cl 2 this becomes 11.0 gallons of the diluted stock. Wiith a full 5.0 gallons of Cl 2 (57*5 lbs.) the blend can be made in a standard 55 gallon drum by adding a total of 45 gallons of fuel to a full 5 gallon quantity of Cl 2. If a standard 5 gallon container (net 4.10 gallons, 47 lbs.) of Cl 2 is used, only 37 gallons of fuel should be added to the drum. (See Mixing Table for "Ethyl" Combustion Improver 2, PS&S 483-6). The dilute Cl 2 can be pumped into the transfer line with an electric- powered metering pump sized to inject the proper amount of dilute Cl 2 into the fuel oil transfer line. The starting switch of the metering pump .can be tied to the starting switch of the transfer pump for better control. A system using an electric pump in conjunction with a set-stop meter can be also designed to meet specific requirements. Examples of equipment suppliers are: * - Eco Series "700" Gearehem pumps - Eco Engineering Company , ., . ' 12 New York Avenue Newark, New Jersey 07101 Controlled Volume Pumps - Milton Roy Company !, 63OI - 49th Street, N. . St. Petersburg, Florida 33733 "Masterline-l6" Pumps - Hills-McCanna Company . 400 Maple Avenue Carpentersville, Illinois 60110 Blackmer Pumps - Blackmer Pump Company : 1809 Century, S. W. Grand Rapids, Michigan 49509 P S & S 483 }. Revised 12-66 . - 0002530 -6- Viking Pumps - Viking Pump Company kth and. Hanson Streets Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613 Niagara Meters - American Meter Controls Inc. ' ., : 13500 Philmont Avenue .. Philadelphia,; Pennsylvania 19116 Smith-Erie Liquid Meters - A. 0. Smith Corporation | 3533 North 2Tth Street '. Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 Nept]une Meters - Neptune Meters Company : ij-7-25 3i+th Street Long Island City, New York 11101 Standard home fuel pumps - (see below) Perhaps special attention should be called to the use of the standard home fuel oil pump. This piece of equipment is readily available to the fuel oil industry and should pose no trouble in operation and maintenance since many companies have their own service organization for home burners. At smaller installations the diluted Cl 2 can be moved into the truck by pump. A hand operated reciprocating pump may be used and the - volume can be measured by counting strokes - or a simple totalizing' positive displacement meter can be used with any well packed pump. Such a suggested addition system is shown on the attached drawing PS&S k83-3. Also attached is an operating procedure and a sheet which gives the estimated cost of the equipment in the suggested system. The required amount of diluted Cl 2 should be pumped from the dilution tank into the truck compartment after the compartment has been filled l/3 full with fuel oil. Then finish filling the tank with fuel oil L this will insure adequate mixing. NOTE The basic price of the above pumps will vary in price from $300.00 to $625.00. Automatic actuators will cost an additional $125.00 to $600.00. PS&S ^83 Revised 12-66 ET" 0002531 OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR ADDING CI 2 TO KEROSENE, NO. 1 FUEL OIL OR GAS TURBINE FUEL, IN TANK TRUCK. (Refer to Dwg. No. FS&S 483-3) A. To Make Dilution of CI 2 and Kerosene or No. 1 Fuel Oil (l part by volume of Cl 2 and 39 parts by volume of fuel ' oil for blends containing 0.025 g Mh/gallon fuel oil) 1. Pump TO gallons of kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil into 275-300 gallon dilution tank. 2. Empty standard 5 gallon drum of concentrated Cl 2 (4.10 gallons, 47 lbs.) into dilution tank. 3- Pump 90 gallons of kerosene or No. 1 fuel oil into dilution tank. . 4. If full 5 gallon quantity (57*5 lbs.) of Cl 2 is used in item A-2, then the total volume of diluent added would be 195 gallons. B. Cl 2 and Turbine Fuel (l part by volume of Cl 2 and 9 parts by volume of turbine fuels for blends containing 0.010 to 0.050 volume Cl 2) 1. :, 2. Transfer 10 gallons of turbine fuel into a standard 55 gallon drum. . . Empty standard 5 gallon drum of concentrated Cl 2 (4.10 gallons, 47 lbs.) into dilution drum. , ' 3. Transfer additional 27 gallons of turbine fuel into dilution drum. Seal drum and roll to mix. 4. If full 5 gallon quantity (57-5 lbs.) of Cl 2 is used in Item B - 2, then the total volume of the diluent added would be 45 gallons. C . To Add Cl 2 to Fuel Oil or Turbine Fuel in Tank Truck (Use proper dilution of Cl 2 described in A or B above) 1. Fill compartment in tank truck about l/3 full with fuel oil. 2. Pump required volume of diluted Cl 2 into truck compartment (Use appropriate Mixing Table for Diluted "Ethyl" Combustion Improver 2). . 3- Finish filling compartment with fuel oil. PS&S 483 Revised 12-66 -7- co co iO O O V Notes:.; , Item $1-275-300 Gal $l4Ga Steel Storage Tank w/vent screen . " $2-Blackmer Pa 6S25C Hand. Pump w/o Safety Drainback w/Teflon Piston Ring & Packing v/S/S Trim "#3 -Elackmer Flo-check recorder graduated in , quarts & gallons or Tokheim: 697-A-SC 3/^" meter graduated in Gallons & l/lO Gallons $4-1" Double poppet foot valve w/strainer " $5-3/4-" Vertical ball check valve " t^6-3A" Oil Resist hose of length to fit field conditions , * ` ETHYL CORPORATION <j PRODUCT SERVICE & SAFETY DEPT. . NEW YORK, W.Y. ; " ARRANGEMENT FOR ADDITION OF 5 DILUTE Cl 2 TO FUEL OIL J AT LOADING RACK ! DRAWN BY: J.F.W. DATE:7-23-62 CHECKED BY:H.B.R. Dwg. pg&S 483-3 ESTIMATED COST SHEET (Refer to Dwg. No. PS&S 483-3) Listed below are the basic items shown on Dwg. No. PS&S 483-3 for the suggested system for adding Cl 2 to fuel oil. a - 275 gal- stl. storage tank b - Blackmer PA6S25C Hand Pump w/Teflon Rings & Packing. w/S.S. Trim Mfg. by Blackmer Pump Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. c - Blackmer Flo-Check recorder graduated in gallons & quarts w/l/2 Quart Inter polation or - Tokheim 697-A-SC 3/4" Meter w/l/4" Numberals graduated in gallons & 1/10 gal. * Mfg. by Tokheim Corp., Fort Wayne, Ind. d - Foot Valve, Check Valve, Hose, Pipe & Installation Total w/Blackmer Flo-Check Total w/Tokheim Meter $ 75-00 52.00 8.00 31.00 60.00 ._______ $195.00 $218.00 -11- PS&S 483-3B Revised 12-66 h!k 0002536 MIXING TABLE -12- FOR DILUTED "ETHYL" COMBUSTION IMPROVER 2 IN FURNACE FUEL OILS Cl 2 Diluted at use location, 1 Part Cl 2 in 39 Parts kerosene or No. 1 Fuel Oil QUANTITY OF.DILUTED Cl 2 (2,5 Vol. % ) REQUIRED FOR FUEL OIL BLENDS j Mn Per lallon Df F.O. Units of Diluted Cl 2 Gallons of Fuel Oil to be Treated 100 200 300 400 500 1000 2000 3000 3.01 Ml FIOz PINTS GALLONS 117 234 352 4 8 12 -25 .5 3A .1 .1 .1 469 586 16 21 l 1.25 .1 . .2 1172 4l 2.5 -3 2344 82 4 3/4 .6 3516 123 7.25 .9 3.02 m :L F t LOz p :ENTS GALLONS 234 469 703 8 l6 25 .5 1 1.5 .1 .1 .2 938 1172 2344 4688 7032 33 4i 82 164 247 2 2.5 4 '3A 10 14.5 .3 * -3 ^ .6 1.3 1.8 3.025 - m: f :.Oz . p :C M S GJ 293 586 879 10 21 31 .5 1.25 : 1 3 A -1 .2 .2 1172 4l 2.5 .3 1465 51 3 -4 ; 2930 103 6 .8 5860 206 12 1.5 8790 308 18 2.3 . 3.030 m :1 f :LOz PINTS GALLONS 352 703 1055 i4o6 .12 25 37 .75 1.5 2.25 - 49 3 .1 3 3 .4 1758 62 3.5 .4 3516 123 7.25 9 7032 247 14.5 1-8 10548 370 21.5 2.7 3.050 Ml FIOz PINTS g a Il l o n s 586 21 1.25 .2 1172 4i 2.5 .3 1758 62 3.5 .4 2344 82 4 3/4 .6 2930 103 6 .8 5860 206 12 1-5 11720 4li 24 3-0 17580 617 36 -- A-5 The quantity of diluted Cl 2 may also be calculated using the following equations: Ml Diluted Cl 2 Required = gal F.O. x g Mh/gal F. 0. x 117.2 FIOz Cl 2 Required = gal F.O. x g Mn/gal F. 0. x 4.112 Pints Cl 2 Required _ gal F.O. x g Mh/gal F. 0. x 0.240 Abbreviations: 1 PS&S 483-4 F.O. G Mn Ml FIOZ - Fuel Oil - Grams of Manganese - Milliliter - Fluid Ounces Revised 12-66 0002537 002538 MIXING TABLE FOR v "ETHYL" COMBUSTION IMPROVER 2 Treating Level Vol io Cl 2 ppm Mn^1 ) g Mn/gal 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.024 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.036 o.o4o 0.045 0.048 0.050 0.055 0.060 0.065 0.070 0.075 0.080 0.085 0.090 0.095 0.100 4 0.013 8 0.026 13 0.039 17 0.051 21 0.064 25 0.077 29 0.090 33 0.103 38 0,116 42 , 0.129 63 0.194 84 0.258 100 0.310 104 0,322 126 l4'7 " 0.387 0.452 150 0.464 168 0.516 188 0.580 200 0.619 209 0.645 230 O .710 251 . 272 0.774 0.838 293 314 O .903 0.968 335 1.032 356 1.096 377 l.l6l 398 1.226 419 1.290 Full Strength Cl 2 Required Per 1000 Gallons Fuel Gal. Lb. Mil . ; 0.01 0.12 ; 38 0.02 0.23 76 . ... 0.03 0.34 114 , 0.04 0.46 . 151 ' 0.05 0.57 189 0.06 0.69 227 0.07 0.81 265 0.08 0.92 303 0.09 1.04 341 , . 0.10. 0.15 0.20 0.24 0.25 1.15 1.73 2.30 2.76 378 5~ 757 908 2.88 946 0.30 0.35 0.36 3.45 1136 4.03 " 1325 4.14 1363 o.4o 4.6o 1514 0.45 0.48 5.18 1703 5.52 1817 o'.50 "T B 92 "" ' 0.55 6.33 2082 0.60 6.91 2271 0.65 7.48 2460 0.70 _ -- 0.75 8B_.0g6lr_"22863590 0.80 9.21 3028 0.85 9-79 3217 0.90 10.36 3^06 0.95 10.94 3596 ; 1.00 11.51 3785 Dilut Requi Ga .