Document RJvYyDEYj4rBYyb1w1b0mBRGa
Report No,: FC-71-2
E. I, du Pont de Nemours & Company . P. & F. Research & Development Division
Marshall Research and Development Laboratory Report
392 LINE INTRA-PLANT COLOR REPRODUCIBILITY
Date Issued:
7/30/71
Period Covered:
1970
Project Nos,
.6lit0 97
Previous Reports:
None
Notebooks:
None
ABSTRACT
This report discusses the intra-plant color variations for fifteen 392 Line Lucite Wall Paint colors. The results of this study initiated changes in color approval limits which are also discussed.
PREPARED BY:
N 29335
MEMORANDUM REPORT INSTRUMENTAL COLOR TECHNOLOGY
392-LINE INTRA-PLANT COLOR' REPRODUCIBILITY
The objective of this study is to' determine the inter- \
plant ^reproducibility in manufacturing 392-Line Lucite Wall - \
Paint ~colorsT The~~FS1fults of this study will, be usecTTo
\
^gi'ard^'ihdfVidual offset values from each plant and recommend/
revisions when necessary.
DISCUSSION
The 392-Line is dependent on the use of offsets for color control because of the poor physical and color durability of its color standards. The offset porcelain provides a permanent anchor from which the relative color position of the standard and subsequent batches can be ascertained instrumentally. This color measurement technique does not allow batch and standard to be compared visually to insure the correct color Is being manufactured. Additionally, the use of offsets requires each plant to make its own color measurements according to. an established STP, and the procedure requires very carefully prepared color measurements.
Because of the inherently difficult nature of establishing offset values, C.O.S. decided to test the interplant reproducibility of the 392-Line. Since master batch panels for many of the 392-Line colors are so old they cannot be used for visual comparisons, the plants were judged relative to each other. C.O.S. felt that if
all the plants were relatively close in color, the offsets for the batch are probably correct and the color match to. standard is also acceptable.' If a plant is unique in its color position with respect to the group, it has made an error in making its offsets and adjustments are required. If none of the plants agree, the offsets must be investigated.
I
DUP030000815
Each, of the 392-Line.manufacturing plants---Philadelphia, Tucker, Port MadisonChicago, and San Francisco---v/as asked , to supply a representative sample of their production for each color. After the samples were compared by visual inspection for color, instrumental measurements were made. The panels were than reviewed by 0,R. Volk of the Consumer Paint Group for color. If the color from a particular plant was judged as unacceptable, this, plant was asked to submit a new sample to determine if the color difference was real or a sampling error.
,A summary of results is listed below, but an important point to note in reviewing the data is that the actual point where the consumer would object to the color difference was unknown to us. 0.R. Volk was used as the "typical consumer" but he had no real' data to support his opinion. An objective to define an acceptable color tolerances from the consumer viewpoint is needed.
DUP030000816
Conclusions
1. The data presented indicates that the offsets controlling the color of the 392-Line provide acceptable plant to plant uniformity for the samples evaluated.
2. The color limits for production control require examination
and revision.
L
3. The offsets provide numerical, color differences which correlate well with the visual interpretation of those color differences.
4. A definitive study of customer reaction to color difference is required to provide a guide in the establishment of production color limits.
Action Taken or Proposed
1. . The color limits for the 392-Line and corresponding 394-Line were reviewed and revisions have been made. See Appendix I.
2. The results of this report have been presented to
Marketing, Marshall Laboratory, and Manufacturing
Personnel.
`i
3 A consumer test to determine acceptable color differences should be made by Marketing.
4, The remaining 392-Line colors should be evaluated. Plants should be asked to supply their passing readings for each batch sent.
4
DUP030000817
392-601 White
Visual* = San Francisco and Fort Madison are ye1low. Commercially acceptable. .
Instrumental** = San Francisco is yellower than the division..
There is a large 'range in lightness for the
division.
Limits = Satisfactory.
CODE 392-601 G' R B AL Aa Ab
STD 1-P006-7 90.45 90.78 88.93 '
PH I LA... 2788 90.07 90,42 88.18 -0.16
-0,27
O
i--|
o !
TUCKER
CHICAGO
411214 .
88.63 88.80
87,59 ` 87.83
87.39 , -O'. 77
85.89 -1.21
-O.13
-0.20
-0.19 . +0.15
F..M.
S.S.F. '
387161 393151
88.17 90.08
88.77 91,18
. 86.59 85.85
-0.96 -0,16
+0.26 +0.13
+0.06 +1.95
* OR Volk's visual comments *.* All numerical values were measured against Philadelphia Plant
porcelain standards.
-<
DUP030000818
392-602 Mission Ivory
Visual = Tucker is red. All except Tucker are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Tucker is red and dark Chicago is yellow
Limits = Unacceptable (Too Small)
CODE 392-602 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD 4-P002-7 70.87 75.94 53.86
PHILA. 0046 69.83 74.77
52,45 -0,51 -0.15 +0,04
TUCKER . 393.976.
68.54 74,12 51.62 -1.16 +0.92 +0.31
CHICAGO'
F.M.
S.S.E.
454248
386895 393179
69-54
70.72 69.88
74.63
76.01 75.07
51.47
52.90 52.30,
-0.66
-0.07 -0.49,
-0.39, . +Q.03 -0.02
+1.30 ;
+0.83 +0.74
DUP030000819
392-6l8 Spring Green
Visual - Fort Madison and San Francisco are yellow. All are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = San Francisco and Fort Madison are yellower than the division.
Limits = Satisfactory.
CODE 392-618 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD - 7-P006-7 69,2k 63.44 56.45
PHI LA., .2066 67-76 61.59 55.38 -0.7 9 -0,54 -0. 29
TUCKER 384219 69.01 63.07 57.03 -0.12 + 0.08 -0.75
CHICAGO
F.M.
,4723813 . 387176
68.49
68.50
62.58
62.73
56.23
55.34
-0.38 - -0.37
-0.08
-0.23
-0.42
+0.45
S.S.F. 411976
69.50 63.49 56.67 +0.13 -0.35 +0.01
Is
DUP030000820
392-620 Alice Blue
Visual = Fort Madison is clean and blue; S,an Francisco is green. All are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Fort Madison is light and blue; San Francisco
is yellow,
^
Limits = Satisfactory,
,
CODE 392-620 G R B Lh ' ia &b
STD 5-P004-7 59.00 51.18 71.58
PR I LA. 0036 58.66 50.82 70.93 -0.19 -0.23 + 0.22
TUCKER . 365166
59.17 51.44 . 71,68: +0-.09 +0.16 +0,08
COM O
i
CHICAGO 377177 58.96 50.86 72.08
-0.29 -0.45
F.M. ' 377177
59.95 . 51.52 74.12 + 0.53 -0.31 -1,18
S.S.F. 373816 59.48 51.78 71,02 +0.27 -0.22 +0.91
* Visual shaders often describe a color as green which numerically
is yellow.
''
..
'.
..
~4t
DUP030000821
395-623 Candy Pink
Visual - Philadelphia is dirty and yellow. All except Philadelphia are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Chicago and Philadelphia are green compared to the division. Philadelphia is also dark and yellow.
Limits = Unacceptable (Too Large)
CODE . 392-623 G R B AL Aa' Ab
STD 3-P013-7 67.85 78.85 58.74
PHILA. .1239 65.83 75.67 55.85 -1.03 -1.97 +1.01
TUCKER 374364 68.14 78.77 59.06 +0.15 -0.62 -0,05
0
H
O
1
CHICAGO
67.66 77.44 ,, 58.43
-1.97 +0,13
P.M, 358991
68.60 79.42 59-22 +0.38 -0.49 +0.19
DUP030000822
392-630 'Antique White
. '
Visual = -Chicago Is green. Fort Madison is red. All are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Chicago is dark and yellow. Fort Madison,
is red,
'
Limits = Satisfactory.
v
CODE 392-630 G R' . . B, AL Aa Ab
STD 1-POO4-7 76.67 79.92 63.92
PHILA. 00-43 74.83 77.79 62.23 -0.87 -0.47 -0.05
TUCKER ?
. 75.62 78.87 62.14 -0.49 -0.29 +0.76
CHICAGO 401310 73.26 76.45 59-84 .-1.62 -0.36 + 0.-97
F.M, 387235 76.05
79.63 63.08 -0.29 +0.43 + 0.26
S.S.F. 393154
74,63 77,99 62.17 -0,96 +0.29 -0,05
%
DUP030000823
392-638' Autumn Gold
*
Visual = Fort Madison is clean. All are commercially acceptable.
Instrumentally = Fort Madison is light and yellow compared to the division.
Limits = Satisfactory.
v
CODE
STB .
PHILA.
392-638
6-P0li|-7
2121
G
59.37
59.82
R'
66.52 .
66.9I
B
33.82
33.81
AL +0.24
Aa fib s ' * ''''
-0,33 > +0.43 . -
TUCKER
F.M. '
S.S.F.
345142
358922 450118'
60.69
62.19
60.59
67.67
69.92
67.84.
34.38
.34.52
34.61
+ 0.73
+1.54
+0.67
-0.68
+ 0.05
-0.03
^+0.46 ' -+1..63 ' + 0.07
CHICAGO'.
60.89 68.43 34.29 +0.83 +0.02 + 0.77
DUP030000824
392-640 Spring White
Visual = Chicago and Port Madison are too green. All except Chicago are commercially acceptable.
Instrumentally = Chicago and Fort Madison are yellow. Chicago is also dark.
Limits - Unacceptable* (Too Large)
CODE 392-640 G R BAL Aa Ab
STD 1-P006-7 87.16 86.02 85.17
PHILA. 352045
87-74 87.09 85.21 + 0.25 + 0.52 + 0.39
TUCKER 365087
87.52 86.54 85.45 + 0.15 . +0.21 + 0.05
P.M. 377197
85.86 84.85 83.08 -0.5,6 -0.12 + 0.60
S.S.F. 383647
86.71 86.04 84.14 -0.19 -0.46 -0.43
CHICAGO
83.77 83.04 79-00 -1.47 -0.49 +2.14
1
-f
DUP030000825
392-643 Pink Champagne
Visual = San Francisco is too dirty. AH except Sari Francisco ape commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = San Francisco is dark, green, and blue compared to the division.
Limits -Unacceptable (Too Large)
CODE 392-643 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD 3-P025-7 72.26 81.23 59-54
PHILA. 2616 74.03 82.76 60.52 , +0.85 -0.82 +0.53
TUCKER 440576 72,77 81.52 . 59-64 .+0.25 -0.54 + 0.32
0
CM
0
1
S.S.F. 440181 71.84 80.10 58.49
-1.33 -0.64
CHICAGO
72.20 80.73 59.95 -0.03 -0.66 -0.06
`*V
'I
DUP030000826
392-652 Celery Visual = All colors match. All are commercially acceptable. Instrumental = No trend. Limits = Unacceptable (Too Small) . '
CODE 392-652 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD PHILA.
7-P010-7 78.4.5
2134 77.16
79.10 58.44
77.85 58.18
-0.60
+0.40
' -0.75
TUCKER 393962
74,86 75.85 . 55.69 ' -1.68 +0 . 68 -0.19
P.M. 386786
76.43 77.00 56.84 -0.94 -0,68 -0.06
10 0
ro
.S.S.P. 402$43 '
78,41 79.29 58.28
+0,32 +0.12
CHICAG*O
75.68 76.62 55.73 -1.29 +0,03 + 0.42
-
DUP030000827
/
392-663 Dove Blue
Visual - Philadelphia is too green. All are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Philadelphia is greener than the division.
V..
Limits = Unacceptable (Too Large)
'
CODE 392-663 G
R
B A Ij Aa Ab
STD 5-P024-7 68.00 62.81 80.39
PHILA. 2997 68,01 62,45 80.26 +0.01 -0.70 +0.11
TUCKER ' F,M.
S.S.P.
365256
358325 354975
68.54
69.16 . 69.43 .
63.30 80.68
63.90 .81.61
64.15 82.12
+0.93
+0.58
+0.72
-0.39
-0,05 ,+0.02
+ 0.16
+0.06 ' -0.10
0
-cr
0
1
CHICAGO:
68.01 62,65 8.0.15 .+0.01
+0.19
k
DUP030000828
392-664 Robins Egg Blue
Visual = Chicago is green.. All are commercially acceptable!
Instrumental = Chicago is dark, green and yellow compared to the division.
Limits = Satisfactory,
v'
CODE 392-664 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD 5-P008-7 81.50 75.22 88.05
PHI.LA. 351383
82.07 75-47 89.41 +0.26 -0.16 ' -0.54
TUCKER 355472
82.00 75.82 88.41 + 0.22 +0.13 + 0.12
F.M.
S.S.P.
368324 . 364487
83.52
82.27
76.-94
75.73
. 90.27
89,34
+0.90 . +0.34
-0.26
-0.16 .
10 0
-3
-0.34
CHICAGO
80.67 . 74.19
86.14 -0.37 -0,79 +0.75
DUP030000829
392-665 French Violet
'
Visual = Fort Madison is blue. All except San Francisco are- commercially acceptable.
Instrumental - Fort Madison is green and blue. is yellow.
V..
Limits - Unacceptable. (Too Large)
San Francisco
CODE 392-665 G R B AL Aa Ab
STD PHILA.
5-F015-7 ' 340009
60.83
61.09
58.70
59-02
71.76
72.09
+ 0-14
+0.14
*0.03
TUCKER 355315
61,65 ' 59.38 72.79 + 0.44 . -0.18 -0.09
F.M, 358316
61.16 58.65 72.63 + 0.18 -0.45 -0.4l
S.S.F. 354973
60.92 59.25 70.87 + 0.05 + 0.39 + 0.81
CHICAGO
60.80 58.33 . 71.73 -0.02 -0.62 +0.00
*
DUP030000830
392-666 Crocus
Vi sual
Tucker is
blue.I All are commercially acceptable..
Instrumental = Tucker is blue , San Francisco is light.
Limits = Unacceptable. (Top Small)
CODE 392-666 G R B AL Aa - Ab ' '
STD 6-PORR--7 7,3.60 75.67 ' 81.27
*. s
PKILA. 352983 74.61 76.86 81.88 +0.48 +0.07 '+0.35
TUCKER 355318
73.14 74.93 81.82 -0.22 -0,02 -0,78
. F.M.
S.S.F.
358695 354440
73.79
76 . TO
75.99 81.86
78.29 84.02 '
+0.09 +0.35
.+1-.19 +0.15
-0.29
-0.06
CT\
O O
1
CHICAGO
73.41 75.26 80.95
-0.39 +0.09
DUP030000831
' 392-667 Jade Mist .
-.
,_
Visual - All samples are commercially acceptable.
Instrumental = Chicago is blue and red.
Limits = Satisfactory.
CODE 392-667 G R .. B AL Aa Ab
STD 7-P009-7 76.95 76.10 '67.36
PHILA. 1395 79.00 78.08
' 69.73 +O..94 + 0.10 -0.41
TUCKER 355563 78.59 77.59 : 68.73 +.0.7-6' -0.27 + 0.11
S.S.P. 364439 78.55 . 77.63 68.72 +0.74 -0.13 +0.09
CHICAGO
77.30 76.42 68.99 + 0.16 +0.48 -1.11
DUP030000832
Appendix- I
392-Line and 394-Line Color Limits
As a result of a color study in which all 392-Line
Lucite Wall Paint manufacturing plants submitted samples
of their production to C.O.S. for fifteen colors., the '
color limits for each code in the study were reviewed.
Five codes had their limits reduced while three codes had
their limits increased; seven codes remained unmodified.
These new limits proposals were presented by C.O.S. to
both Manufacturing and Marketing personnel and they
have been accepted for the. 392-Line and the corresponding
394-Line codes..
.
New colors developed in similar color ranges will also use the new color limits.
NEW 392-LINE AND 394-LINE COLOR LIMITS
CODE
NAME
AL Aa.
Ab
392-640 392-623 392-643 . 392-665 392-663 392-602 392-652 ' 392-666
Spring White Candy Pink Pink Champagne French Violet Dove Blue Mission Ivory Celery Crocus
+ .35 + -35 + .35 -35 + .35 -40 + .4 + .40
*30 + .20 .25 i *4o + .30 + .40 +; .40 + .40
+ . 40 + .40 .40 *+ .30 ' + ,40
.45 + .45 ' + .40
DUP030000833
392-663 Dove Blue
Old Limits .35 + .40 + .40
AL Aa .AL
New Limits + .35 + .30 + .40
DUP030000834
i .^0
40
Aa
At) '
+ ,30
+ .Ho
I DUP030000835
35 i
' *0
AL + . 35 Aa + .20 Ab + . ijo
DUP030000836
-35 ^0 i 1,0
AL + .35 Aa + .25 Ab + .40
-f
DUP030000837
392-665 French Violet
M
ab
Old Limits
t -35
AL
i v^O
Aa
Ab
New Limits + .35
+ ,4o + .30
DUP030000838
Old Limits .35 + . -40 + .4o
1 AL
A a 1. At) ' *
New Limits 4* .40 .40 + .45
DUP030000839
LL
Old. Limits + . 35 i -.W ; + .40
flu
AL Aa Ab
New Limits + .40 + .40 + .45
DUP030000840
35 *1,0 t -^o
i,
AL Aa Ab
+ . 1| 0 + .ijo + .Ij o
-I .
DUP030000841
DISTRIBUTION.
._ Copy Number
R.- S. Prengle, Wilmington
. .. . Is
- R. W. Laurell, Wilmington .
2*
H.-S, Wellman, Marshall Laboratory
3*
J, 0: Graves., Wilmington
' '. .
4*
W. S. Culliton, Wilmington
.
5*
E. T, Breuer, Wilmington
.
6
W. H. Beutel, Philadelphia
7
R. H, Clarke, Tucker
8
C. H. Thompson, Port Madison
9
K. E. Ackley, South San Francisco
' 10
R. A, DeWall, Chicago
11
T. R. Matthews, Wilmington
12
E. H. Berg, Marshall. Laboratory
13
K. A. Saegebarth, Marshall Laboratory
:
14
P. I. Poindexter, Wilmington
15
W. S. Zimmt, Marshall Laboratory
16
S. Hochberg, Marshall Laboratory
17
J, R. Huntsberger, Exp, Sta., Wilmington
18
J. R, Chalmers, Marshall Laboratory
19
N. G. Fisher, Exp, Sta,, Wilmington
. 20
Central Report Index, Wilmington (2)
' 21 - 22
/Marshall R&D Laboratory Library (5) - _________________ 23 - 27
C. E. DeBoer, Marshall Laboratory
..
28
M. P. Morse, Marshall Laboratory
29
Manager, DuPont Mexico
30
A. B. Castanes, DuPont Venezuela
31
E. Marvonek, Exp. Sta,, Wilmington .
32
J. M. Donatello, Flint
33
C. N. Swinehart, Flint
34
F. M. Gavin, Flint
35
G. E. Lewis, Wilmington
36
A. G. Armour, Marshall Laboratory . ,
37
A, L. Becton, Marshall Laboratory
38
R. H, Vining, C.0.S., Philadelphia
39
W. A. Balloon, C.O.S., Philadelphia
40
S. N. Kelly, Wilmington
4l
Flint Laboratory Library
k2
* These copies contain color chips.
DUP030000842
