Document RJa6xqNLvGKY4VRLOrwK3EbRz

GLOSSARY AND DIRECTORY OF DOW MSDS TERMS Prepared by l Chemical Hazard Evaluation and Communication Health and Environmental Sciences October 1989 (revised) Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company ('OlypPnttAi For further information, contact: O.W. Cabey (517)636-0244 M.G. Swank (517) 636-3976 DJ. Wroblewski (517) 636-0797 Health and Environmental Sciences 1803 Building The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan 48674 Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company r>o CQlyp- 2 This glossary has been prepared for use when trying to locate answers to questions on the Dow Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), The glossary is arranged alphabetically with cross references to the MSDS sections where that particular subject would be found. Definitions for each term have also been provided, but may not, in themselves, provide an answer to the questions. The Dow Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Section 1. Ingredients Section 2. Physical Data Section 3. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data Section 4. Reactivity Data Section 5. Environmental and Disposal Information Section 6. Health Hazard Data Section 7. First Aid Section 8. Handling Precautions Section 9. Additional Information Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 3 DO A 008658 C.ONFTDFNTTAi r GLOSSARY AND DIRECTORY OF DOW MSDS TERMS Absorption Acute Effect Adverse Effects ACGIH Aerosol AIHA Air Line Respirator Air-Purlfylng Respirator Allergic Reaction Anemia Anesthetic Effects Antidote --------- A ---------- SECTION 6. See Skin Absorption. SECTION 6. An adverse effect that might occur from a short exposure (minutes to hours) to relatively high levels of a chemical. SECTION 6. Harmful effects. SECTION 8. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; an organization of professional personnel in governmental agencies or educational institutions engaged in occupational safety and health programs. ACGIH develops and publishes recommended occupational exposure limit for hundreds of chemical substances. See TLV. SECTION 6 or 8. A solid or liquid particulate in air, such as a dust or mist. SECTION 8. American Industrial Hygiene Association; develops exposure guidelines. See WEEL. SECTION 8. See Supplled-Air Respirator. SECTION 8. A type of respirator that removes specific gases, vapors or particulate matter from the air. SECTION 6. An abnormal physiological response to a chemical by a sensitive person. Examples are hives and skin rashes. Same as Hypersensitivity. SECTION 6. A condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells, hemoglobin, or total volume. SECTION 6. The loss of the ability to perceive pain or other sensations. SECTION 7. Treatment for a poison. Contact physician. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 4 DO A 0 3865' CONFTDFNTTA! Appearance Arrhythmia Asphyxiant AtmosphereSupplying Respirator SECTION 2. A description of a substance at normal room temperature and normal atmospheric conditions. Appearance includes the color, size, consistency, physical state (liquid, gas, solid) of a material. SECTION 6. Irregular or abnormal rhythm of the heartbeat. Section 6 or 8. A chemical that displaces oxygen in the air potentially resulting in insufficient oxygen to sustain life, especially in poorly ventilated areas. SECTION 8. See Supplied-Alr Respirator. -------- B -------- Birth Detects Bioaccumulation Boiling Point Burn SECTION 6. See Teratogen. SECTION 6. The potential for a material to accumulate or concentrate in the human body, or other animals, over a period of time. SECTION 2. The temperature at which a liquid changes to a vapor. SECTION 6. The visible destruction or permanent change in skin tissue at the site of contact. .......... C---------- C Cancer Carcinogen Carcinogenicity Cardiac Arrest SECTION 2, 3 or 4. Abbreviation for centigrade. SECTION 8. Abbreviation for "ceiling", an exposure guideline term for the concentration which should not be exceeded even for brief periods (minutes). SECTION 6. A growth of abnormal tissue or tumors in humans or animals. A material identified as an animal carcinogen does not necessarily cause cancer in humans. SECTION 6. A substance that causes cancer. SECTION 6. Related to cancers. SECTION 6. Heart attack. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 5 ^ ooo Cn^roF^ Cartridge Color Codes CAS Number Celling Central Nervous System (CNS) CFR Chemical Asphyxiant Chemical Goggles Chronic Effect Closed Cup CNS Effects Code of Federal Regulations Combustible Combustible Liquid Composition Compressed Gas SECTION 8. See Respirator Color Codes. SECTION 1. "CAS number is a concise, unique means of material identification developed by Chemical Abstracts Service. SECTION 8. See C. SECTION 6. The brain and spinal cord. These organs coordinate the activity of the entire nervous system. CNS effects can include drowsiness, dizziness, etc. SECTION 6. 8 or 9. Code of Federal Reaulations. A collection (book) of the regulations that have been established under U. S. law. Section 6. A chemical, such as carbon monoxide, that reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen. SECTION 8. Eye protection that fits snugly against the face, providing greater protection from liquid splashes than safety glasses provide. SECTION 6. Those effects that might occur from repeated exposure (up to a lifetime) to relatively low levels of a substance. SECTION 3. A method used to test flash points. Section 6. See Central Nervous System. SECTION 6, 8 or 9. See CFR. SECTION 3 or 4. Able to catch on fire and burn. SECTION 3. Usually a liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100F (37.8C), but below 200F (93.3C). See also Flammable Liquid. SECTION 1. See Ingredients. SECTION 2, 3 or 4. Any gas or mixture of gases reduced in volume by use of pressure and stored in a container. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 6 no A 038601 OONFTOFNTTAI Cornea SECTION 6. The transparent part of the eyeball; covers the iris and pupil and admits light to the interior. Conjunctivitis SECTION 6. Inflammation of the conjunctiva, the delicate membrane that lines the eyelids and covers the eyeballs. Corrosive (metal) SECTION 2. A corrosive material is a liquid or solid that causes the erosion of a metal (steel) by chemical action. Corrosive (skin) Section 6. A liquid or solid that causes burns to skin tissue at the site of contact. As defined by DOT; a burn produced in 4 hours or less. Cyanosis SECTION 6. Insufficient oxygen in the blood that causes the skin to appear bluish or purplish. D Decomposition Product Defatting "Delayed Health Hazard" Depressant Dermal Dermatitis Disposal Method Draize Score SECTION 4. MSDS lists only known decomposition products which are hazardous. See Hazardous Decomposition Products. SECTION 6. The removal of skin oils that results in dryness, flakiness and/or a whitish appearance. SECTION 9. A defined category under SARA Title III, Section 311312. Effects described in Section 6. SECTION 6. A substance that retards bodily functions, activity or instinctive desire, such as appetite. SECTION 6. Related to the skin. SECTION 6. Inflammation of the skin. SECTION 5. Gives a general statement of acceptable methods for disposal of the chemical. SECTION 6. Result of a methodology for eye and skin testing not normally used at Dow. Frequently requested but not on the MSDS. See eye and skin contact statements for comparable information or contact TOX Specialist in CHEC. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 7 DOT U.S. Department of Transportation; regulates the transportation of chemicals and other substances. See Corrosive, Poison Class A&B, Flammable Liquid, Combustible Liquid. -------- E -------- Edema Embryo Environmental Data Epidemiology Erythema Excessive Exfoliation Exothermic Polymerization Explosive Exposure Exposure Guidelines Exposure Limits SECTION 6. Swelling due to fluid accumulation in the tissues. SECTION 6. The unborn human or animal in an early stage of development. SECTION 5. Information about the effects of a material on the air, water, birds, fish, etc. Rarely on Dow MSDS. Contact H&ES, 636-9387 or 636-9126. SECTION 6. The science which deals with the study of disease incidence/occurence in a human population or workforce. SECTION 6. Redness of skin. SECTION 6. As in "excessive exposure" - an amount which may cause any harmful effect. SECTION 6. Peeling or flaking of skin. SECTION 4. A polymerization reaction that involves the production of heat. See Hazardous Polymerization. SECTION 3 or 4. A chemical that causes a sudden, almost instantaneous release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature. SECTION 6. Contact with a chemical by any route (inhalation, ingestion, skin or eye). SECTION 8. Concentrations of a chemical in air which are believed safe for repeated workday exposures. These are developed by several organizations as well as by Dow. See TLV, PEL, WEEL and IHG. SECTION 8. See Exposure Guidelines. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 8 00 * 00Mp-j Extinguishing Media Eye Effects Eye Protection SECTION 3. Materials such as water, fog, foam, etc., used to put out a fire. SECTION 6. SECTION 8. Precautions for preventing eye contact. Includes safety glasses, chemical goggles, face shields, etc. to be used when handling a hazardous material. F Fetoxlclty Fetus Fibrosis SECTION 6. Toxic effects to the fetus. SECTION 6. The later stage of development of the unborn human or animal. SECTION 6. An abnormal thickening of fibrous connective tissue, usually in the lungs. Fire and Explosive Hazard SECTION 3. Statements which warn of toxic fumes and other hazards upon burning. Fire Fighting Equipment SECTION 3. Personal protective equipment needed in fire fighting. "Fire Hazarad" SECTION 9. A defined category under SARA Title III, Section 311312, including flammable, combustible, pyrophoric, and oxidizer materials. First Aid SECTION 7. Emergency care given immediately to an injured person. Contact physician. Flammable Limits SECTION 3. The range of gas or vapor concentration in the air that may ignite or explode if an ignition source is present. See LFL and UFL. Flammable Liquid SECTION 3. Any liquid having a flashpoint below 100 F (37.8 C). Flash Point SECTION 2. The lowest temperature at which a liquid or solid will give off enough vapor to ignite, if an ignition source is present, when tested under defined conditions. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company no A 038664 oonftdfnttai r Freezing Point Frostbite Fume SECTION 2. The temperature at which the liquid becomes a solid. SECTION 6. The "freezing" of tissue by rapid evaporation of a liquid (i.e., liquid nitrogen). SECTION 3, 4,6 or 8. Very small solid particles formed in air when vapors generated by heating a solid, such as a molten metal, condense. G g/kg Gastrointestinal Tract General Ventilation Gl Tract Goggles SECTION 6. Grams per kilogram; an expression of dose used in oral and dermal toxicology testing to indicate the grams of substance dosed per kilogram of animal body weight. 1 kg = 2.2 lbs. SECTION 6. The stomach, intestines and related organs. SECTION 8. The normal ventilation in a work area which removes or exhausts air by diluting with fresh air. Section 6. See Gastrointestinal Tract. Section 8. See Chemical Goggles. -------- H -------- Hazard SECTION 3, 6, etc. The likelihood that adverse effects will result from exposure to a material under specific conditions. Hazardous Decomposition Products SECTION 4. Hazardous materials which evolve when the product decomposes or breaks down, such as during a fire. Hazardous Material SECTION 3, 6, 9, etc. Any chemical which is a physical hazard or a health hazard. Various regulations may designate materials "hazardous" based on specific criteria. \ Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 10 Oo OONFTDFNTTAmi/ r Hazardous Polymerization "Health Hazard" Hematopoietic System Hematuria Hepatotoxin Hyperactivity Hypersensitivity SECTION 4. Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which one or more small molecules combine to form larger molecules. A hazardous polymerization is such a reaction which takes place at a rate which releases large amounts of energy. SECTION 6. As defined by OSHA: a chemical for which there is statistically significant evidence based on at least one study conducted in accordance with established scientific principles that acute or chronic health effects may occur in exposed employees. The term "health hazard" includes chemicals which are carcinogens, toxic or highly toxic agents, reproductive toxins, irritants, corrosives, sensitizers, hepatoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, agents which act on the hematopoietic system, and agents which damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous membranes. SECTION 6. The blood-forming organs of the human body, such as the spleen and bone marrow. SECTION 6. The presence of blood or blood cells in the urine. SECTION 6. A substance that affects the liver. SECTION 6. Excessively active. SECTION 6. An abnormal physiological response to a chemical by a sensitive person. Same as Allergic Reaction. See Sensitizer. -------- I -------- IARC "Immediate Health Hazard" Impervious Incompatibility SECTION 6. International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC evaluates and classifies potential carcinogens. SECTION 9. A defined category under SARA Title III, Section 311312. Effects described in Section 6. SECTION 8. Protective clothing that does not allow a chemical to pass through or penetrate it, thus preventing skin contact. SECTION 4. Materials which could cause dangerous reactions from contact with one another are described as incompatible. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 11 DO A f.ONFTDFNTT Ai Inflammation SECTION 6. A local response to injury that is marked by redness, heat and pain. I Ingestion SECTION 6. The taking in of a substance through the mouth. ( Same as Oral route. Inhalation SECTION 6. The breathing in of a substance in the air (gas, vapor, fume, mist, or dust). Inhibitor SECTION 4 or 9. A chemical which is added to another substance to prevent an unwanted chemical change from occurring. Ingredients Section 1. The composition of a product. At Dow, includes all components 1% or greater (not just "OSHA hazardous" materials), many components below 1%, and all listed carcinogens at 0.1%. "Irritant" Section 6. As defined by OSHA: a chemical which is not corrosive, but causes reversible inflammation to skin or eyes by chemical action at the site of contact as determined by specific test methods. This term is not generally used on the Dow MSDS. Irritation SECTION 6. An inflammatory response or reaction of the eye, skin, or respiratory system resulting from contact with a material. J Jaundice SECTION 6. A yellowish skin discoloration due to liver or kidney effects. K Kidney Effects Section 6. L Lacrimation SECTION 6. Watering or tearing of eyes. LC SECTION 6. Lethal concentration; a concentration of a substance which will cause death in a test animal. ( Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 12 DO A oonftdfnttai LC50 LCioo LD LDS0 LDioo LEL Lethargy LFL Local Exhaust Ventilation Lower Respiratory Tract mg/kg mg/m3 SECTION 6. Lethal concentration 50%; the concentration of a material in air which is expected to cause death in 50% of test animals when administered as a single exposure. SECTION 6. Lethal concentration 100%; the concentration of a material in air which is expected to cause death in 100% of test animals when administered as a single exposure. SECTION 6. Lethal dose; a concentration of a substance being tested which will cause death in a test animal. SECTION 6. Lethal dose 50%; a single dose of a material which is expected to cause death in 50% of test animals. If a material has a low LDgg, then only a very small amount is needed to cause an adverse effect and that substance would be considered highly toxic. Generally, substances with low LDggs have high toxicity and vice versa. SECTION 6. Lethal dose 100%; a single dose of a material which is expected to cause death in 100% of test animals. SECTION 3. Lower explosive limit. See LFL. SECTION 6. General tiredness, drowsiness or indifference. SECTION 3. Lower flammability limit or lower explosive limit of a vapor or gas; the lowest percentage of the substance in air that will produce a flash of fire when ignited under certain test conditions. SECTION 8. A system for removing contaminated air close to the source of contamination, such as a hood over a paint spray booth. SECTION 6. The lungs. -------- M . SECTION 6 or 8. Milligrams of chemical per kilogram body weight of test animal; an expression of toxicological dose. SECTION 6 or 8. Milligrams of a chemical per cubic meter of air; a unit used to express concentrations of dusts, gases, fumes, or mists in air. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 13 DO A OA6 CONFTDFNTTAl Mist Mixture mmHg Mottling Mutagen Mutagenicity Narcosis Nausea Necrosis Nephrotoxin Neurotoxin NIOSH Nonflammable NTP SECTION 2, 6, etc. Small droplets of a liquid suspended in air. SECTION 1. Any combination of two or more chemicals which do not result in a chemical reaction. SECTION 2. Millimeters (mm) of mercury (Hg); a unit of measurement for atmospheric pressure. See Vapor Pressure. SECTION 6. Colored spots or blotches on tissue. SECTION 6. A material that alters a cell's genetic information and may lead to inherited conditions. Section 6. Related to mutagens. -------- N -------- SECTION 6. A state of stupor or unconsciousness, produced by the influence of narcotics or other chemicals. SECTION 6. Tendency to vomit, feeling of sickness in the stomach. SECTION 6. Tissue death, burn. SECTION 6. A substance that affects the kidneys. SECTION 6. A substance that affects the nerve cells. SECTION 6. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of the Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); federal agency which assists OSHA in technical matters. SECTION 2. Not easily ignited or, if ignited, does not burn rapidly. SECTION 6. National Toxicology Program. The NTP publishes an Annual Report qd Carcinogens, a listing of potential carcinogens. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 14 no no Mr f1 Tr>*NTT4i 0 Ocular Odor Odor Threshold Open Cup Oral Oral Toxicity Organic Peroxide OSHA OSHA Regulated Carcinogen Overexposure Oxidizer SECTION 6. Relating to the eyes. SECTION 2. The smell. SECTION 6 or 8. The lowest concentration of a chemical, in air, that can be smelled. Very few odor thresholds are found on the MSDS. SECTION 3. A method used to test flash points. SECTION 6. Relating to, or taken into, the body through the mouth. Same as Ingestion. SECTION 6. Adverse health effects resulting from taking a substance into the body via the mouth. SECTION 4. An organic compound that contains the bivalent -0-0structure and may be highly reactive or unstable. SECTION 1, 6 or 8. Occupational Safety and Health Administration ot the U.S. Department of Labor; federal agency which sets and enforces standards for most U.S. industry and business. Issued the Hazard Communication Standard. See also PEL. SECTION 6. A chemical listed and regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen. SECTION 6. A nonspecific term meaning exposure to a material in amounts which could cause harmful effects. Does not imply exposures above any specific concentration such as a TLV. A term generally not used on the Dow MSDS. SECTION 4. A chemical that produces oxygen readily and may start or assist the combustion of other materials, thereby causing fire. Restricted for p PEL Peripheral Neuropathy Physical Hazard Physical State Pneumoconiosis Poison, Class A Poison, Class B Polymerization ppm Primary Irritation Score PROP 65 Proprietary ingredients SECTION 8. Permissible Exposure Limit; the exposure limit for a substance established by OSHA and legally enforced in the U.S. If no PEL is listed on the MSDS, give whatever information is listed under "Exposure Guidelines". SECTION 6. Effects to the peripheral nervous system; generally the nerves of the arms and legs. SECTION 3 or 4. A chemical that it is a combustible liquid, a compressed gas, explosive, flammable, an organic peroxide, an oxidizer, pyrophoric, unstable (reactive) or water-reactive. SECTION 2. Solid, liquid or gas. SECTION 6. A condition of the lung in which there is permanent deposition of small particles and tissue reaction to their presence. SECTION 6. A DOT hazard class for extremely dangerous poisons; indicates that a very small amount mixed with air is dangerous to life. SECTION 6. A DOT hazard class for liquid or solid substances - other than Class A poisons or irritating materials which are known or presumed to be so toxic that they are a hazard to health during transportation. SECTION 4. See Hazardous Polymerization. SECTION 6, 8, 9 etc. Parts per million; a unit for expressing the concentration of a gas or vapor in air (used for exposure guidelines or doses in toxicology studies). SECTION 6. Results of a Draize test. See Draize. SECTION 9. A California law regulating listed materials considered by the State of California to be carcinogens and reproductive hazards. SECTION 1. A trade secret; identified only by a generic name on the MSDS. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 16 D0 A OCi&C rONFTOFNTT Protective Clothing psi Pulmonary Pulmonary Edema Pyrophoric SECTION 8. Includes gloves, boots, aprons, slicker suits, etc. used to protect skin from contact with chemicals. SECTION 2. Pounds per square inch; for MSDS purposes, a unit for measuring the pressure a material exerts on the walls of an enclosure. SECTION 6. Relating to, or associated with, the lungs. SECTION 6. Fluid in the lungs. SECTION 3 or 4. A chemical that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130F (54.4C) or below. See Air-Reactive. R Reaction SECTION 4. A chemical change; the interaction of two or more substances to form new substances. Reactive SECTION 4. See Unstable. "Reactive Hazard" SECTION 9. A defined category under SARA, Title III, Section 311* 312 including unstable, organic peroxide, or water-reactive materials. Reactivity SECTION 4. The tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reaction with the release of energy. Reducing Agent SECTION 4. In a reduction reaction, the chemical or substance which combines with oxygen or loses electrons to the reaction. Renal SECTION 6. Relating to the kidney. Reproductive Effect SECTION 6. Effects on the ability of male or female to produce offspring. Respirator SECTION 8. See Respiratory Protection. Respirator Color Codes SECTION 8. No information provided on the MSDS; refer to Product Steward or Industrial Hygiene. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 17 Do CO/vf Tr^NTT^i Respiratory Effects SECTION 6, 7. An effect anywhere in the respiratory tract. Respiratory Protection SECTION 8. Devices that will protect the wearer from excessive exposure by inhalation of airborne contaminants. Respiratory protection should be used when working in an area where airborne concentrations might exceed the allowable exposure guideline. See Air-Purifying Respirator and Supplied-air Respirator. Respiratory Sensitizer SECTION 6. Sensitization of respiratory tract. See Sensitizer. Respiratory Tract SECTION 6. The breathing system; includes the lungs and air passages (trachea or "windpipe", larynx, mouth, and nose). See Lower Respiratory Tract and Upper Respiratory Tract. Reversible Effect SECTION 6. An effect which is not permanent. Routes of Entry SECTION 6. The ways by which material may gain access to the body; for example, inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. On Dow MSDS's, statements about hazards from specific routes of entry are found in the subsections Eye, Skin, Ingestion and Inhalation. S SARA Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus Sensitizer Silicosis SECTION 9. Superfund Amendment & Reauthorization Act of 1986. SECTION 3 or 8. A respiratory protection device that provides clean air or oxygen from a tank. See Supplied-Air Respirator. SECTION 6. A substance which, on first exposure, causes little or no reaction but which, on repeated exposure, may cause a marked response not necessarily limited to the contact site. Skin sensitization is the most common form of sensitization in the industrial setting, although respiratory sensitization to a few chemicals is also known to occur. Examples of sensitizers include poison ivy and pollen. SECTION 6. A progressive and disabling disease of the lungs caused by the inhalation of silica dust. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 18 2 A 03&673 OONFTDFNTTAI "Skin" SECTION 8. When the word 'skin' is used with an exposure guideline such as a PEL or TLV, it warns that the substance may be absorbed through the skin, thus entering the body through the skin as well as by inhalation. Skin Absorption SECTION 6. Ability of some chemicals to pass through the skin and enter the bloodstream - sometimes in amounts sufficient to cause toxic effects. See also LD50. Skin Sensitizer SECTION 6. See Sensitizer. Solubility SECTION 2. Ability to dissolve in water or other solvent. See Water Solubility. Specific Gravity SECTION 2. The weight of a material compared to the weight of an equal volume of water; an expression of the density (or heaviness) of the material. Spills and Leaks Section 5. Steps to be taken in case material is spilled or leaked. Spontaneously Combustible SECTION 4. A material that ignites as a result of heat retained from processing, or which will oxidize to generate heat and ignite, or which absorbs moisture to generate heat and ignite. Stability SECTION 4. The ability of a material to remain unchanged. STEL SECTION 8. Short-Term Exposure Limit; type of exposure guideline. Maximum concentration for a continuous 15-minute exposure period provided that the daily TWA guideline is not exceeded. "Sudden Release of Pressure Hazard" SECTION 9. A defined category under SARA, Title III, Section 311312 including explosives and compressed gases. Supplied-Air Respirators SECTION 8. A type of respiratory protection in which the respirator is attached directly to a source of clean air (a tank or line). Systemic Effects SECTION 6. Adverse effects throughout the body, affecting body systems and organs other than at the site of contact. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 19 A 0FRA74 CONhTDFNTTAi Target Organ Teratogen Teratogenicity Teratology Thermal Decomposition TLV Toxicity Transient TSC A Tumor TWA SECTION 6. An organ of the body that is affected by a particular toxic substance. For example, a target organ for carbon tetrachloride is the liver. SECTION 6. A substance which may cause birth defects to the fetus if the mother is exposed during pregnancy. An example is thalidomide. SECTION 6. Related to teratogens. SECTION 6. The study of birth defects. SECTION 4. Decomposition of a material that occurs when heat is applied. See Hazardous Decomposition Products. SECTION 8. Threshold Limit Value; an exposure guideline term used by ACGIH to express the airborne concentration of a material to which nearly all persons can be exposed for repeated workdays without adverse effects. SECTION 6. A property of all materials; the ability of a substance to produce adverse effects. SECTION 6. Something which lasts only a very short period of time. Toxic Substances Control Act. SECTION 6. Abnormal mass of tissue which may or may not be cancerous. SECTION 8. Time-weighted average; the most frequently used exposure guideline term. The average concentration for an 8-hour workday . U UEL UFL SECTION 4. Upper explosive limit. See UFL. SECTION 4. Upper flammable limit or upper explosive limit of a vapor or gas. Maximum concentration above which the vapor/air mixture will not burn. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 20 00 A O.-sOAFF CONFTDFNTTAi r Unstable Upper Respiratory Tract SECTION 4. A chemical which will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or become self-reactive under conditions of shock, pressure, or temperature. These chemicals are also referred to as reactive. SECTION 6. The mouth, nose, sinuses and throat. V Vapor Vapor Density Vapor Pressure Ventilation SECTION 2. The gaseous form a solid or liquid chemical as it evaporates. SECTION 2. The weight of a vapor or gas compared to the weight of an equal volume ol air at the same temperature; an expression of the density of the vapor or gas. SECTION 2. The pressure exerted by a saturated vapor above its liquid in a closed container; an indication of how volatile a material is. The lower the vapor pressure, the lower the amount of material that evaporates. Vapor pressures reported on MSDS's are in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) at 68F (20C), unless stated otherwise. SECTION 8. Circulating fresh air to replace contaminated air. See General Ventilation and Local Exhaust Ventilation. W- Water-reactive Water Solubility WEEL WHMIS SECTION 4. A chemical that reacts with water to release a gas that is either flammable or presents a health hazard. SECTION 2. A term expressing the percentage of a material that will dissolve in water, usually at room temperature. SECTION 8. Workplace Environmental Exposure Level; exposure guidelines developed by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System - the Canadian legislation comparable to OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. Restricted for Use Within The Dow Chemical Company 21 DO A 03BA76 OONFTDFNTTAl