Document RJNQXDDKvL1v39p26M2QQd4B

tics, and dyes Its odor is not pronounced enough to serve as a warning Its health hazard for acute and repeated exposures is high In one case, death was reported after several days' inhalation of an average con centration of 470 ppm Death was accom panied by central nervous system damage, bronchopneumonia, and severe liver and kid ney injury Liquid dioxane may be absorbed through the skin to produce injury Diphenyl. No cases of acute or chronic intoxication attributed solely to diphenyl have been reported for man m the published litera ture Inhalation is not a senous hazard m in dustry due in part to the low vapor pressure at room temperature and the relatively good warning properties of this material Although animal data indicates that diphenyl has little irritating potential, it does indicate that diphenyl can be absorbed through the intact skm Contact with the skin should, therefore, be avoided to eliminate the possibility of sys temic injury Because moderate air concen trations of this material are irritating, volun tary exposure is limited to levels that are presumably not hazardous. E Epichlorohydrm is a primary raw material in the production of epoxy and other resms Its vapor is highly irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract Pulmonary edema and kid ney damage may occur Animal experiments with 500 ppm for 4 hr, and 62 ppm for 7 hr per day for 45 days, both produced deaths in the test groups Inhalations of 16 ppm for 7 hr per day for 90 days produced some bron chial irritation m dogs and monkeys Epichlorohydnn was also shown to be highlv toxic when ingested or applied for 24 hr to the skm of rats and rabbits In man, liquid epichlorohydrm produces a transient burning sensation on first skin con tact, which may lead to blistering and deepseated pain within several hours The liquid is also highly irritating to the eyes Some cases of sensitization to small quantities of epichlorohydrm have been reported Epoxy resins are condensation products of epichlorohydrm and bisphenol-A or other polyhydnc compounds The resm and a hardenmg or curing agent (amines, peroxides, organic acid anhydrides, amine adducts, boron trifiuonde amines, amides, and polyamides) are usually mixed at the time of use The chief health hazard is the ability of the amine hardeners to cause dermatitis Although the cunng agents exhibit some de gree of toxicity, greater effort is required to prevent local irritation or sensitization during handling than would ordinarily be required to prevent systemic intoxication by the most toxic of them Cured epoxy resins are con sidered to be relatively nontoxic Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) is an extremely ver satile and widely used solvent When ab sorbed into the body, it is rapidly metabolized so that heavy exposure is required to build up a substantial concentration m the tissues Ex posure to a high concentration of the vapor will produce irritation of the mucous mem branes, headache, nervousness, dizziness, tremors, fatigue, nausea, and loss of conscious ness If the exposure is excessive and re peated, it may produce damage to the liver Those not accustomed to alcohol will be un comfortable after prolonged exposure to slightly over 1000 ppm Ethyl acetate is a volatile, flammable sol vent of low toxicity Animals exposed to 2000 ppm for long penods show either no discom fort or irritation of the eyes and dryness of the mouth as the only detectable effects Ethyl acrylate. Very little information on human experience with ethyl acrylate has been published Animal experiments have shown it to be moderately toxic and highly irritating by several routes--the respiratory tract is the prime route of absorption, although the skin also presents a route by which physiologically significant amounts of the com pound may enter the body The odor of ethyl acrylate vapor, readily detectable at 1 ppm, is fairly strong and moderately irritating at 4 ppm It is be lieved that most humans will not work at the recommended maximal concentration of 25 ppm for any appreciable length of time Gen eral ventilation should be used to control or reduce ethyl acrylate vapor concentrations to acceptable levels A self-contained breathing 1143