Document RJ8LbOw0vXmRqaq8BdLqddDX7
22666
Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 119 / Friday, June 20, 1986 / Rules and Regulations
presented in Table 24. OSHA estimates . Table 25 --Excess Cancer Deaths Avoided have a negative impact on the revenues
that by reducing the PEL from the
Due to Reducing the Permissible Expo of producers. Asbestos-consuming
current 0.2 f/cc level to 0.5 f/cc.
sure Limit to 0.2 f/cc for 1 Year
sectors, including construction and .
approximately 33 cancer deaths per year will be prevented, and by reducing the PEL to 0.2 f/cc, approximately 75 cancer deaths per year'will be prevented.
industry
Total cancer deaths avoided
secondary fabricators.' will incur higher operating costs both because they must comply with the standard, and because they must pay higher prices to purchase
Estimates of the number of cancer
Primary manufacturing:
inputs produced by other sectors that
deaths avoidable by reducing exposures to the 0.2 f/cc PEL in each major industry sector are presented in Table 25. These estimates were based on the. revised employment and exposure .
estimates presented in Tables 22 and 23. The estimated 75 cancer deaths avoided
A/C pipeTM............ ......................-........ -........ A/C sheet-....-.......... --............... :.... ........ Friction products................................ ............ Textiles................ ..... ...........:..................... . Floor tile........:__a.__................. ..... ............ ' Gaskets end packings..................... -.............. Paper........ Coalings and sealants..................................... Plastics..... ........................................... _........ Secondary manufacturing:
0.06 also must comply with the standard.
3.14 3.39
Some sectors may face lower prices for
3.16 certain goods (e.g., asbestos Fiber),
.01 .12
because of declines in demand that are .
.04 expected to occur as a result of the
.39 .09
standard;
OSHA estimated the costs associated
by reducing the PEL from 2.0 f/cc to 0.2 f/cc understates the true benefits of the
A/C sheet--............. -................ -...................
.16 with these effects in three ways. First,
.46 .70
the compliance cost for each industry
revised standard because these benefits
sector was estimated without
do not include the reduced incidences of
considering the impact from other
asbestosis-related disabilities nor the
Services:
sectors. Second, the.resultant cost
reduced incidence of asbestos-related
increases were then entered into a
diseases in groups indirecty exposed in Construction:
multimarket economic model, which
the workplace.
simultaneously estimated the new
Based on the analysis of existing
equilibrium price and output levels
studies, which are summarized in the Health Effects Section of this Notice, OSHA estimates that reducing the PEL
Routine maintenance in commercial and res idential buildings..........................................
Routine maintenance in general industry........
across sectors. Third, the cost increases 9.80 on affected producers and consumers .34 were identified.
to 0.2 f/cc would prevent 30 cases of disabling asbestosis. As these cases represent disabilities and not deaths, they were not included in the total estimated benefits. As such cases would result in potential costs to society (e.g., health care, lost worker productivity, and a decline in the quality of life to the affected individual), their prevention does have a positive value.
Table 24.--Expected Deaths Attributable
to 1 Year op Occupational asbestos
Exposures at 1964 Levels
Industry
Total cancer deaths
Primary manufacturing:
0.0?
Gaskets snd packings........ ............................. Paper____ __ ____ .............. -.... -.....--.... Coatings and sealants..................................... Plastics...:........................-....................... --..... Secondary manufacturing:
A/C aheel------------- ---------------------- -------- Ffictioo materials..... .... -- ....................
Gaskets and packings................. .............
.02 13 .06 .46
.to
.65
.88
Total..........................................
74.72
Source: U-S. Department of labor. OSHA, Office Regutotory Analysis.
Similarly, OSHA's analysis-does riot quantify benefits among those incidentally exposed. Many construction workers, for example, can be exposed to asbestos while present at sites where asbestos work is being done. Since OSHA's revised asbestos standard will reduce ambient asbestos levels at these sites, exposure among these workers will also be reduced. In addition. OSHA's analysis does not take into account any reductions in the exposures to the families of asbestos workers. For example, there have been reports of family members contracting asbestosrelated diseases by laundering workers' clothing (Exhibit. 608X, pp. 5-10; 606X, p. 40], These types of exposures among family members would.be reduced as a result of the Final rule.
Summary of Estimated Costs Associated With the Revised Standard
Compliance Costs (Assuming No Price or Quantity Changes)
. OSHA estimated that the total annual
compliance costs for all affected
industries will be approximately $460
million. The'compliance costs for each
of the major industry groups are $27.8
million for primary manufacturers; $30.8 .
million for secondary manufacturers; .
$44.7 million for automotive, repair, $3.9
million for ship repair, and $352.0 million
for construction.
The preponderance (i.e., over 95
percent) of the compliance costs for
general industry result from engineering '
controls (ventilation and solvent spray).
In fact, the cost of engineering controls .
is the major cost item for all sectors
except A/C pipe manufacturing and ship
repair.
Over 60 percent of the compliance
costs for construction result from
*
vacuums and respirators. The
respirators will be used to protect those'
employees performing the work, and the
. Textiles................................ .. Plastics....-......-....................... ...................... Automotive remanufacturing............................
Services: .Automottro repair.......... ............... --............
Construction: New construction..TM'........................................
Demolition..TM............. .............. -.................... Building renovation-....-___ _______ __ _____
- Routine maintenance in commercial and resktenltal buildings-..TM...........................
Routine maintenance in general industry.TM--.
.12
.29 Introduction
.90
The revised OSHA asbestos standard
39.25 4.61
will result in increased costs to society
due to a number of factors. Suppliers of
.61 asbestos products (i.e., primary and
.23 secondary manufacturers) will generally
22.49 experience increased costs to comply
11.23 with the new regulation and they will .39 attempt to pass on these higher costs in
vacuum will be used to clean the work area so that others are not exposed after the job is completed; The speciFic methodology used to calculate these estimates is presented below.
Primary Manufacturing. Secondary Manufacturing, and Service Sectors
OSHA estimated the compliance-costs for general industry and service sectors
, Total.....TM........................... .........._............
67.60 the form of higher product prices.
using a model plant approach. The
Consumers should respond to the price models were developed by RTi for each
Source: U S. Department of Labor. OSHA. Office of RageIftiory Analysis.
increases by demanding fewer asbestos-
major product line in primary and
related products which, in turn, will
secondary manufacturing, automotive
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