Document RE0DgxM5xyk4qxVr7YkOLONE

ral rr*|sm*e caiiuul lie cxprrted to be u liurur fuiieliiiti of liiur uml Irourenlratiuu. The aiu|>liluile ami frapinu-y of variation from a drffurd mean may be very iiii|Miiiaul. Many ulhrr t-hriuiral. physical, ami |x>rfia|n ercu biolngiral agruls nr forturs of environment--rmi variation in rbrmirul nature or physical form of the samr kiibslaurr-- may bare a very ugwiSraul iulturiiee ou I lie pliyiuidagiral or pallmhtgiral rrii|nmsr |o a *|irriflrd ammiiit of our acrnl, ami rrm on | amdfaer with ubirb it ia assorialnl. In Mime iiuilwim the iufluriu-e f mar be synergistir ami in olbrm antagonistic. Allhuugli lime lor* uni |M-nuit an rxlrmletl discussion of loxindogy. it is |irrliiiriil lo I lie questiuu of industrial brgirue standards lo mnilioti a few examples of Ihrse iullueurrs. The Biiiiule-roliinie of air inspired ami of IiIihhI rirrulalnl through I lie lungs iiicrrase n>|iiilly trilli |diysicnl au-livily. Kr slrctinoua work Ihe volume of air may be or tlir orilrr of III or mure ami bbaal rirrulalnl a liiura Ibal for Msleulary activity. The amount of muat harmful, airborne euulaiuinaula Ibal are ttrt|iiirn| through the lungs from a |iarlirular environment ami it* traiu.|mrlatimi into Ibr bmly may vary* in Ihr umir gnti-rsl orilrr. For these nwaMa a "maximum allowable eooreiilraliou'* may rcailily liqve a larpr aafrly fartor for one degree of artirily or a large furlor of "nnaafety** for another, illol environment also increases rrspiraliuu and eirrttlalioti. lurrraMsl pressure of almostdierie riivinniiiiritl. Mirti aa rx|irrirorml in cutnpmcseil air work, inerrasra the mass of a linriuful pas in unit voluum of air ami can be generally rx|ierlril to inrrraKe the effectiveness cuticeutratiuu of the cuvirunment an rnnipnrrd to the aame air-eoulamiuaut proportions at "imrmar' pressures. exreplintw bring Ibone in whit-b au antagonistic agent ia likewise ctfrrlirrly run rentrated. Kncb inrrrase in potency may be expected oning unl only to Ibe fart that tbe mass of agrnl ia ilirrctly iocrraMsI. hut oning also to nou'linrarily of rr*|ioiiae with rmo-rnlrnlitio. laltlr. in kiiou n about Ibe rarialian iu rrsjMiimr with |iartirlr aiir of iliH|irrsoii|s--llirir rrlrnlioil iu Ibe lunpa, ibrir anlubilily, anil oilier elements of physiral, rbrtuiral, ami biologiral behavior Ibal are associated with size mill anrfare. However, enough ia kiiuwii In give a Iwsia for expecting i-imsnlrrable ililfemirrn. The furrgoiug |H-rluiiis In Ibe rrleliim of only a trw sprrilic agruls and fartur*. Tbe ailualion brraiura vrry rnmjilrx when all farlora are nmaiilered. Il requires llial umre allenlinu be pivm to all imimrlaut agents anil forlum of industrial ritviroiimml and orru|iatHmal activity in Ibr ilrvrlo|iniriit anil osr of standards; il im|t|iarla Ibr nrrrwiily of iorliuting au aoi|ilr factor of safely in tdamlarila; it suggests Ibr |smililr iiM-fulurs* of umlli|ilr slambirils; ami it rmpbasurs an existing inadnpinry of knowledge amt tlir irnl of an rx|tanilnl program of rrsi*arrb. Iiiforloonlcly Ibis nn-tl grrally rxrmts Ibr farilitir* Ibal arc available fur su|i|ilying il. i l -H 1 Procedures for Solving Problems A {irorrdure Ibal offer* good possibilities fur resolving unuc of ibr problems arming from limilnl Imowlrdgr ia to ilrfiur industrial bygirnr slomlaril* for alnu>K|ibrrir agruls in trnna of au ralaldixbnl system of xoiirs; sitrh aa (for illuatratian DulyI Zinin I. tl-:t |i|im; 7a>m 2. 4-111 |i|im; Zone 3. 10411 ppm. Hr. A portrayal ami use uf the prmrul kuou'lrdgr in thia inamirr tvuultl not only give rrruguiliou to Ibr limitations of kmiwlnlgr but also to Ibr difliriilty of amiraiely assessing tlir rnvironmrnl lo ubirb a slantlant ia to lir applied. It uuubl avoiil tlir niullilude of individual uuuibrra and hair-line iln-iMinis that iuilustrial hygienists tuusl ileal with at Ibe |iiniriit time. A vrry important fralurr would lie Ibe piawibililira fur bariuonixiiig diffrrrurra of opinioii mi simulants for parlirutar aulsdanrc* ami olilaiuing imirr uuifonuily-among eoile-makiug apmiriea. 11 is npparrnl Ibal Ibr drveluptnenl of au arerplaldr arhrillilr of zoora uill rnpiirr considerable sludy. ami that some latrr nualiUratiou may Isurmtsary lo nirel individual Kiibslaurrs ami new knowledge. A Iso Ibal llierr trill be Mitur nmlinuanre of differences of opinion relating la nmr assignment*. Iluwevrr. Ilie inherent gisnl |Mjfcsibililirs for mitigating Mnun of tbe present problems, invite* real allruliou with opro-mimlnl nuisiilrral ions. A pria-edure of this kind wa* disrnssrd by Ibr Amrriran Slambinls t jmnniltee on Albiwuldr tbiurriilraliiuis of Toxir Dusts and llaara, 7/Si. al il* meeting mi IWriulirr !, 1917, ami aubanpirally pnblisbeil by Drinker and Hook.* AHA t`<>niuiilli-r Z3J ia rmiliuiiing to explure Ibe pumibilitira with a view lo Ibr drvi-lo|wirnl of a arbctlnlr of sours. Home of Ihe olbrr rummrola Ibal are prrliHenl Iu umuy of Ihn lists uf limits may lir liinilionnl, briefly. Tbr find of these lias lirro disrnssrd. uaiurly, Ibr lalirliug of Ibr limits as "maximum allowable*' or "maximum itermisaililr." or Ibe like. Another is Ibe mixture of nmrrplx rrpri-smlnl by lira limits; iu some it is that of maximum Itdrrahlr, in olbrnt it ia a auumt ronrrpl of bygiruir stmulanla. A rral ilrlh-irnry is failure lo drsigualr wbrlher Ibe definition ia reluiril in loxirubigiral clfrrta or to sensory effertx--to maintenance of gissl health or romfurt. In many inslanrea Ihe origiu of the limit is obscure od valiilily ia iliflirnll to assess. However, notwilbalaudiug their ib-Urimrire ami limilnlmna. Ibrsr limits appear to be gniuiug in prestige ami authority through un-re ropying aud re|trtilimi. It shutilil be ri-aliml that rr|clilion dura md improve valnlily. Again. Ibis is mil a romlrtnnnlimi uf tbr use of aurh iiiformutimi as gniilru (even though rrvogniusl as liriug iiiadnpislr l. if it rrprrsruls Ibr brsl iufuruialimi ami is used with ruusidrruliiMi of its limilaliuos.