Document R23RoKRxbM4g5my1pYeDORzY8

FILE NAME: National Safety Council (NSC) DATE: 1935 Sept DOC#: NSC451 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: National Safety News Article - No Half Way Measures in Dust Control '8 THE BUYERS' SERVICE S e e A d v e rtis e rs ' In d e x , P a g e 7 5 -- W h e n w ritin g , p le a se m e n tio n N a t io n a l S a fe ty N e w s lab alafo r* BU|ttf)ttrko*hl*r llt f . f j lite R allini I'ntonm . ti Item hoitritncy <., l o t Min* H itH f A o o llin tn r*o- iM M uraore M#ropQ|itui t if* t n i u r u i r r J Ladder $koe o r K erf \ttrrtfin A M U W*UU C l A B t fia * U$*oo tio tn r Tr*i iluiiird ro m p c p r. K I) iJtVU bBMTtK3 tiOUIPOKlH 4.t),, lac. Diyion Ladder Co, im Juttriaf i 'r o J u n ( `a Silo* n a f ttr AppUmntm / rio K Bcutoinma cc.. Tti* '- lail O iv iia i i " . Ttir JiJHJ >1! f t y p I f o xuny o , in Ladder* S a fe ty f a llir Company. fc- l> Menon S d n ) La-dd* < Ulna */#*/ ip p llio r <J Puent jxtffofdw* O . Tit s * in j Htm ' LU Bifli. S< f7 Ik n jta lfl BHCUie tff- * Huilant compta*. S- Ito la KBKfMjcr LtfUkpnenl .... 0. Mie# o t t o Appiltncv <* i'ortttilp I-amp A t*0 *ol |,*nii>rpat t,a rlld e IMillir rn m p w v . t i> Lumiera R U f t r i r Outlaid LCiapaoy, fci U. lailuairtal /odueta Cm J u iirtta U f |, Co. Mint MlMr a Pollane co fvrtaWa Lamp * Soulpmaai 'a. L e i h e ro . H*m<t Multo Lumpaiir. L t a r m i m i c i l -p Isd u tflM VadUiU C f retaH ao Sa/ctf Raulpmaai f t l H v " i ' Q Tl> ' r n r Kouipmeot ft#rir co., Tho *af*r K*rat supply lo U o d u d H tln r BqiPim ' Mutua tempi* f lu La-agio HulUrd Companv C U U r ti B tafftaerP fam poitni * o Inc Indutmaj <i|n r'orp Intftistrui J`reduci! U lna Addi* .SDOiian *'* >*>jirpoMB ' f n f hquipmrrit UMj i w tbtdr Co T hr d a ta r R o u ip o n i flame* nin>* rviin*t flurpir o ^nd*ri - ile i ? K<|blpmcit t . muli Coaipui*. rn* M a h r io p r K a * * lp r < in g u a u ili Hn;at)in Btwi'tf If If 0 U anuiftiauu Klwlrte A Mil Ml l.o rk cr* n o d H io f e r lo r n o rttlH S Indim m i Prrvfoeti l.o rk , Lm t* Indim m i Produrti <# Ufa |taf y A ppU |D (tl Co Safety lo w p M ii ftrrrie# ' 4 . Tu* K.oetiA, L e tic a r mad P a 4loek, K eylem lin d i lifdr Coro. L u tirtca flo a P rrall ftifpptnjr V V lnrbioea. F lo w t l c a s . lav K leefH r t.in r fin <Hilu*tr )-*10or M jiiiiiu rT 1*4 (ariuiuial IV a Jw li 1*0 .-a im Y \n \ VaiPb 1 * M ttil, (-U oioiltd su rir M it C e , n>o M etal P c r f o r t l c i l n vrtn tl-o A hint Vuf Jil t o t Vm r o 'iu iid ji I r d n r t i .`0 l l o v m , 11*11 w a r f o r italiani company . li In Jan n al J'rodufii t> Sf**r Koulpmrnl flrrric# C o. tlM flundard S iM r Lduipmmf f P ro fe r f ora A r a ilu 'Jjfd I'A R p a f, C If P a i s Kmrrfrner tiduiparm '** Ine (ddMUOat i**<if| fg ff. I i u a i i i l i l Produrr * urn* !***!r AppUanr r* t^iUonuti B ttttj tiquttm nt s i / m ij UiJiu i o rii* - i t d f KdOrpactU AfftK* Hi# -iS+*r U r n sueclr - ' i s i i f i H s t if f r K'HIpovmi <** tu rn I TBpJ/ir in# r o lc r lo r * . t>` l D r r l iv e r h Alack In ilu v rH l i;lni< i n/P U H p )r fo rii Atome'e u m k il l 'ngipiiir fffiiilnr*lu*A l#r Atre. i ,, U olltsd <' aMBr i IHt u o Ky ShiciJ Co ro ffr, fl. M. |it l* F o tn tM r EqMtpmrai i^o.. | a r llfJM t Utlfiinvrf i o Inouiuiil V N utit i> Min* f i l m ip p htfic i'siiffu ro i 'fiwtii<n l'orimbit U b 9 b fc*iwiiranu Fuim u to fltf^y M ulptoni Cerp. ."''Afteatri ^fftUutfpirBuirtm<vrtnhn* ''fK j Tpmi#ra Sopri? IMViIelnIsMdbtrdl'TBuidtitiaKt.^it/nico.sum c TWICE } in 20 M inutes fl G oggles 4a v e d His E y e s ! Item ojirlfaflua H nilp* m i Hltluadtr- fcnKiler M<*. <9 RtfDtfd Company. K n ! K e 'K n K r l^rnprpfi-t i o . Jir* Wind S tflif AmUUfiKt i i flo p ri il'lrr M j*V )ill( I* C u li \ inundrv worker was vltippuu; a-tim 's wlirn a chin j .Srm ffttldlas* i n l r f j f u r a i a rtffrid tnf Co., jii x| rtrir at Ins with hullct tn e c t. Clio J**ii->t In- (j s i* r * r r U r i * * r ( .%u a . e k i d ii '.'"!T!rle- irark ed in takititj flu* i.l-nv Inn .ltd M..r -liattcr. ami I r', e was nut injurcu. I Its i*nDims t^avc him >urLf i t t i lo* Ti .flb a d e i. K x , .VuB-itrrQ ti h lr another pair of chipper's ffotfjrlcs. i ntflfdrd ( -.BiPtof. h h <a<cf Hfp dbiud '4 i#aru Lmcflfoc# toloei*ni | Twenty mimite; later the same man renurte! attain. * Another chip hao Mnick h is new yoccU's1 'vij.tin hi- < si.. Ite , lo J u n n il rroducu 1& ! Allo/ ttrty dpplttnrK i o Htlvtf ixnv* J p v r< w ere sa v e d ! s i S batte. W todorr. lo d u n - 1 tn n v j T h e rr'^ a vit'ht t\p c m -rifetv "Ogirlci i,-. >>p ha i ior J ever eve-hazardous ir.h b b o r t. S afety , /'a r te r y nati P aaod ry OiowB aie "omiuny HaUwd C tap w i, t . u lodiftirltl Piuiiidi leblfH Htfny di. <' Ubld ^Altur Apolitoet n Pom M o Lafltp A Kwipn rsafcU P a u lp a o u n u t i *`o -Vbe * a r r f i r n l j h > * t S * T > l / t l Mtfpply 1.4 lo to n u ile e a l Co S ito*, W o o d en Sole In d u itrtil Produci* n - ti n y n o m in i t*j p h V ln rk rm . T ra ffic ^jfH f Ibuipismi M fiiiv `+ Th+ lltk k n 1n o t n n iiq u u i 'tiu n n y U lin n iirr K renltf IMf * Uuiurd *t a p f i v, l i l>Ua/i* Lt sMl*id * 0 |**ril I'n ffirn ey |ipmM *0 |ne li lo iin ti j-rr.|.n > Din sjle ir ip p lim rn > l'ioctira l'nrpoftiloii f*ula taf) - n ftif M u lp i 'i i<*ir ' o Tit# -if*tr knumrafni -rilre 4 . T<# - 1 1 H n l -mippiv t o tirMtrd hqi\pm*iv > W iitian tl^ liirri. Ini n a i a , Hlm ndfBK, Uuiurd tia rtA T MhikauRi I ri m*rien>~* lor r<uri<l< H it 1 1 U f / i u*pW#ht A T e r n B r n f t l M \p p n m tif l)Hbinvn*kdH)*r k ilt 1 4 ine. i I V.axpn<T Muirm'1'* v In* Mine Ml* A P PlU tirn > P )*rn, M lm rrn* l #nth a*f*ir ***inr t : n ji( j Ijm p b M ,|niw i,l 1 `a d ii, K a r r llullird C r i iu n r t f lii-h n r'il ill mm fn iiMta*r'l |r*iv*n * it in* -* 1*1 # ,n<iiin.'w < * r-vUiilr l.arffli A M im n i ilefjr v }u|fim/m - - To# jim >i/ ii MU!* id l o n lrr f le r r lr r r.Mleil AsrrtM l-'e NUena) `nunell In* flulltijl r m n r o n r V. P '"hlftfO hTf AMfld I ? lu t t i >;nert*nrr r^iiipneet r., 1er ImlhjiMil i*rodu*li i Min* Af**y ApnlUncei l* . ifnr r u t ilin e to Tbn ' fn * >iduipsu*ni S t n if t . The P ro frrto m for L io tu ro f`<*m rny V* ! in h m rry n o i^jn ip a n u * Inc IndutiH al C inici <erp 7"'wiiril Kri ifu rii i * Mm* *'1*1* I r r r i i ^ M * l, 4ibH!ii H*!*ty i t u p n i m t f -* f* ir Kfluipfsrn* " **ir* - It# tor r t m AiBDlt ** A n W M '4 lul1|r * flr > o H . S e f r i r i n w n *i*ir im' ii In* i t o r U tdicm * fitH iihim tp P u llrra , V um# l! ll > l l 'tm piOr I) li ln i)u n r||| Predurii Le U lnr Mifrur Appluocri f t I*l<e lif t Co 4fa r M otpnrm irrite* i".' 7lK P u u p i, U x rd c a Uihic#r*K e*htrr vile * > Inf. Mio* 1 i f K J APPllin** io. A c c i d e n t l `r * r * n > flo a R u lltrd C o s n n r, ti r* induiirlol AndwMt * Mino Mgfrtr ApplUfir * l 'A fllb b Lame A -ewipoianl *7 \tlcir 'tonni* lo ni* .uF 7 ' ir P4 . Tba itfair P in t aupptr 1 t *tndard M i n ? Knaiiiin*ni o sif>4 in- M irro mod Sten di* iia lljf il 'rcpir-r / i> Jr>,iuin*l l'M durij s lln c n . S a fe ly . W lrr ICtifie M t c e lir u t >in p u t swnp l*i<irlr A liito l'l* Co S o tri* . S h o e , S o a n llp Llnu L.rfd si* a ilari * S t c r llla ia R K q n lp m ra l S im p , Safe*y Jtiihrfc# l'nmptry. i( li n aitird <`mpnr. k. n l>il R arfm ej l^juipmint * e Ine (n d u iirla l Prtd4*u i Klein A Sont M iibiti VATIOXAL SAFETY YEW'S National Safety News Published monthly in the interest of accident prevention and the health of industrial workers VOL 32, No. CONTENTS FOR SEPTEMBER, 1935 --Thr 1V<-. I .,ni>reiS < ifv .11 \r> Half-Way Mr'asirrs in Du* unirol-- lrf/n/r .N iiiimsim I hi1 Driver Ha* tlis I roubles llm rr J. /irngiis . . Kvery Possible ^aleiy MeUaur** I' It . i isgom i................ . . . . . . 7 N ~"j An Accountant Analyzes Safety Savings--Stanley I'n n /irrif' .7? Drami Kapuis la "jiciy i.onscious-- urns Hillings.......... .75 Kansas Health Authorities Kiirhl Arriricnf? - ''ir/r (i Briniti M. O, '7 Meps to 'afety- -Kov Ji Kunthill . . ... <'leonine Exterior W.iiD ut Hinlriines bv .'jnrlblaslme or >teamblastine-- /illustrili/ PuUi S/urt //-/en. ... Raising the standards ui Industrial Medicine--.I/. V M nnftiw . .1/. V ............. .A4 F.unliim' Fmi-ard the <'oneress F.lpmentary yafeguardine If still Important Ann Sudden D eath- 1 I t-u n ia s ......... .u> Regular Departments Fdiumal ... '' The Sjttiv Libran mi The Mm arm i; Director s Pipe 10 The* Honor Roll *> CUe l;SvSvini*t' ** < om rnc t s c n is ** Industrial Health 4 'X 'ith th e M a n u fa c tu re ' Th r H u llclin ** Ihr Hnyer* v'Mtr Hm oruis The Amdem Uammern * i Arman T. Fish, Editor 1 L'r t is B il l in c s , Associate Editor "1ANLEV H. Kershaw. iVisrer Editor *' H M il l e r , \dvertisine Manager *!>> r i * h i *.) bv . \ a t i u n . i i /" n iu il |m t h m p iJ h i l \ 'u lilm h ^ ii m o n ih lv I '.n !( r**4l IS . !.}.. 1 i.s<t m . t U . T . J o u r I 1*1? I It In* I** > llh 'r ,41 i'h l* `J l ! o I I I i | D i i i > r lilt* I I M a i it j . , 7 A u d it . m s i r * u i t* - *.. *.v*n TV r N u u ' - i n p l i o n pri; 1 m e m b i T H m r r ^ t r ^ i . !-- .1 1 )* ' |* h * N \ 1 . \ J -'H T V V' ,,. ' V ' ! s $4 um p e r w a r fieri 'h u m * it) v e ' f t K u d u o - d . j u a n i i t v p rir '? f o r .-. ir lv s u u . i c n p - *)fn is a m ! sin eV i* n p ic i o n r e q u e s t are xv.ni.iMi> uh m*tn|^fs ; '> Virm.i **u*'N ...irut M i'm iie r A u d ii H u r - .11 i r r u i 4 t n n i T h i v i t i . i " . i 7 in o ib m d e w d 111 jh ( n d u s i r u l Art** l i ic M t ' i u i e m f i t l i . D u ) n n iit i o i t i t d v a m * d tu *mrn**d , i r | i< *h i n i o i* i# u d * * rs ln u d , i s t iu f i v i r t n u j <-\ |i r n K * , i o n ..f t h d i r . m o u n t n u l If lo s r <f liti* V i u m ^ l . > a l r t v t m i n e i l National Safety Council, Inc. M>prr/7rfr--s inttmercuit--\ ttn-l'ultitra/ -Suii-S/rinriun 20 North Wacker Drive, Chicago, U, S. A. New yorit Office. 9 East 41st Street Office of the Education Division, i Park Ave., New York City National Safety Council Officers, 1934-1935 ju J IN 1 (.Ni, t*rrMi*i>l. Ham n r I. m i s . V *'r-|,r*siilr*iii fu r Ih ititrr *ileh I l II l' i. , > : .m , V icrl*rr*silnif ju r J'u li' lie Ib lnlio tiN I rH II. I'i i um .W H y (o u ih rih V f V -J V i's o le iit ir A i.iilttr S . Ih, i i. V lr r - l'ri'snM nt lir { lifiliirrr tu W S u ir it . \ ir e -i,ri's ile iil fur In dus t r ia l h/fi*l\ M C S u iiv M tN U rm lM T ili.p ,. f'ri' v n trrii |,ii Assies H , Jur l(r f|)i M .li., \ fi'-Pri'Aidi'iit V m u r W - W lt t T > j. l4. A !%* iTMSMliMit I lucatM ui !.. W'uhth \ irr-f'r <i/,'iil i,,r I M Utt.'f U til Ir n .iiiir t 'r W H < iM IJ O x i, -xyrrH .irs .u n i M.iiiu k in jf O irrc lo r Executive Committee Members at Large T iifc \ 0o v r d n i c n s 4\ n : \ !.. .Vj im s t p o s ., Ku>JiMnii i im ta k l o 1. ti- *onu*v, ..a h -ty . v v iiu t i. .'.su- (io n Ml A m e r ic a n lix ilp H H h i. E . M U i m l i , Lh'thfrJtrru to n . H ah h y i>i'rt.ttciiT. Tin* I ' u ll iiu n i.u. fi. T . J lE L U c e rn . r.ltriifl.) N u rth st,,.r^ nd M ilw m iK c r lu i Ji :d I t o m v A S I*. Wt,%n*vs. iiit ln M n .n 1 h i i i h k v u d ii ohm l n u n a s I I . MAuJhiN 4111 l*. C u b lk llo u ds 1'jiR `M O I. Ml lint > ,\M cu itia n Habolo L . Mi n u . !.. lo aitr* & Co. l*u* M nm i riitt*ui I. dulm r Hr \< 1 t o n t e L , S a m i MNP, '` t ir r a l K lt'td n r 1 llA M V \ 'u*in LT* I n ih 'd M a li's S |r r | Safety Council Representatives 1 ljU iSM ce l J. T ttt.o n , M J s s . i r hu\M t s surety i.M unril VtALTCK U i.H T S m i t h , U, lvsur* i.'ounciJ !.. t . ItA LnO N , \W sliri l'fp tu t Ivriiin S afe ly I'.uunnl If. L . F c w a u x . Kansas L rlv S a irh ('rim iri J liOb-ar I.. l u ll H(TT, I >>oneU w% I #}* .t.ii r|s H M. K m m iic . l^ lu R h i^ m ir il KN4uNmHiId.1iNi *.J t in t ili., L -jr v it u i) -..frh *`,af, tv Sectional Rcoresentatives * ip r . I*,. \V . I ' I s k l , I n - W .iritie I'. A . llH A IN , W flilil l*r>ldurtb a iiOi d if H m it s m v Slrr** a n d am! In ilfrr Ifia b . Menci: t . H a u , \u to n m liv r .im i M aciniti' Shop *. W . M it u a iu , V f ir li'D l l-'r ^ v r u i util I'.d u ipm rnl M iin u fa rliirT t t 'STfTI H V l V S m i i Srr<*.ititir:(l J V o ss. Metals Past Presidents Hop h i V\ * M irnt 1 > Sr 1i n n 'I l|n m 1 ) .( . |( IN 1 MlJi David V a n s . im a h * lU ll'lf 1 ItlflM H lIS' ( M4/4U.N )* I 01 I D I S im u n JI. S h i m , S. IlifH (.*.*<& A . H i U tiiis i in i H, S n i i .i i a NJ e 5 II. St^rr W m t i k ** tits , Mourn J, 'usr* i . r - I o c. H l k m t S it i M s i . i 11 *' I'.D .I y i 1*1 TTii> * - in SV. Un* 1*1 iv i fisti s i. M xsisll lln ritril Honorarv Members Koftf h i SV . 4 WP111 t ) ` . .. `iituiltNi HIIvUSu t liio s C r o i > 1 1 1 hI 1 . SffTtfl'H U r | j | A s 17 No Half W a y Measures in Dust Control By ARTHUR S. J O H N S O N itsistant to the Vonagrr, Enotncrrtno iitparttnent. A m trtcaft M u tu a l L ta b tltiu Jnsutance 'n m p u n u T O OXTROL 11; dust hazard lo the extent of making the occur rence of pneumoconiosis improb able, industry must do much mure than buy mechanical dust removal equipment and set it going. With it there must be set up a mutine of check and double check, perhaps '.vhole new operatine practices and a snarp definition uf re sponsibilities. This .ill boils down to day-to-day .mentimi In .1 program de signed upon a ione range health .on-m ation policy. Half-way measures un related to each other won t work. Nmr is inis n "done onre. done forever" affair. Ilust commi is not an event, it is a program that never finishes. Ruperts seem to be in rather general agreement about lour grades of pneu moconiosis hazard. First, quartz caus ing teal silicosis, a serious solidification of the mass of the lungs by fibrosis or growth ol star tissue. It takes years to gel started, but once started is progres sive. a condition which will not stop and i.annoi be cured. After exposure of 15. ' 11 or years, men in certain trades ac cumulate this fibrosis of the lungs which lessens their capacity for physical labor, ft makes them short of breath and causes certain well - defined clinical svmpionis. X-rays if their chests show characteristic shadows. \ few ut these men cite as a direct result of this condi tion. Vlihough ii*w >! meni ha\e their phr steal rapacity to worn lessened even in 1 5 or 20 years, there may he actual iung impairment which predisposes them to tuberculosis. The cause of this sili..-is i- -dira. a? free >|Uartz. not com bined with other dements in the form of liicates. but the quartz is lound tree in ramie m<l in u- pure-t natural form as llint inn canister The studies made *l many cases 01 silicosis and the exposures which caused them in the rock indus tries. '-and grinding industries, fire brick making, etc . hare shown that the hazard is silica and that it is proportion- Oust control is not an event; it is a program th at requires concentrated day-to-day attention ai to the am ount uf silica in the air breathed. A new rav of hope lies in some fairly good evidence that there may be mixed dusts in which such dust as limestone, gypsum, coal, hematite. lay or cement dilute the silica hazard and produce less physiological reaction than the silica content operating as pure quartz alone. A secund group uf dusts produces somewhat the same clinical picture as silicosis in its early stages, yet the x-ray 01 the chest shows the shadows pretty much confined to the lymph ducts. The damage appears not to be so serious as silicosis in many ways, particularly in that it is not progressive nur does it pre dispose to tuberculosis. The dusts pro ducing it certainly should be classified as absorptive and therefore harmful al though not in the same category' as quartz. There is no question but that lessened lung capacity results from them after long enough exposure but it cer tainly takes more dust and more time to lower capacity for work. Asbestosis tails in this group and apparently studiar con ditions develop from exposure >o rx1.esses of many mineral dusts relatively low in free silica content. in ert Ousts A third group of mineral dusts ntav b? harmless in reasonable quantities. Vhc result of work by sume investigators which has been published recently indi1 ate clay, talc, emery and carborundum ,lusts to he inert. In -urne animal ex perimentation these dusts did not pro duce fibrosis. Contrarily, there have been claims for disability from workers who alleged that the exposure to these amc dusts caused their ailments. Ex perts state that these dusts generally do not produce disabling lung pathology, yet we are faced with the facts of claims prosecuted successfully. Quantity of dust, rather than quality, was doubtless responsible for any ill health. Some -late regulations require dust exhaust machmerv on yjm t operations. We must, tnereiorc. include iur control some dusts which by nature may not be harm ful. Our fourth grade of hazard is tuber culosis. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a germ, and probably more useful work has been done to iontrol this disease than almost any other. From time immemorial the dusty trades which we now -peak of as having a silicosis hazard were alwavs among the danger spots tor tuberculosis. Wbat we now know is this: that silicosis makes a first .-ass piace for tuberculosis to thrive in tna kill the patient off much earlier than would silicosis alone. Opinion seems to be that perhaps simple silicosis unontplirated by tuberculosis may seldom be fatal, but shortens the working life i the victim iust as angina, .trterio 7. lerosia. and such degenerative diseases do. tin the other hand, we may expect nun 'tiherculnsi- un<> ..i two ihings. Mrs:, a man brings tuberculosis, no mat ter how dormant it may be. into a dusty ;radr. hr- may reactivate the tuberculosis utd have his case diagnosed as "aggra vated hv" the dust: or sei.und. hv get ting -.impie -.iiicosis or perhaps other pneumoi untusis. .utd then ontrading itnerciiliM trom tubercular associates i-ither it work or elsewhere, die of tuber1 uiosis superimposed on silicosis. 1 uber'uiosis associated with silicosis does not rvspnnu well to treatment, Regardless ihe iaci that tuberculosis is an tnfeciive disease nut necessarily oecupatiou- FPTF.MRF.Ft. ! 'm 18 nl. wf must luce this tact, that tubercu losis is -itten the (iisalj/ine result >! lust f.vpu'ijre. that dust urntrol must include tuberculosis c/iurol at the same time. Measuring the Hazard '-ummanzing, we have ihree oust haz ards: ' 11 quartz, which produces true silicosis -- .1 progressive, lung-disabling disease: t2) some dusts which produce a pathology which usually is not serious and is not proitressui- jiu-r exposure stops, yet a pneumoconiosis none the less, and 13) some dusts which para doxically are probably relatively harm less. yet have been the claimed basis for tuberculosis and other disabilities, in the absence ut adequate diagnoses, occu pational histories and a more satisfac tory method of ad judicating claims than prosecution at unnmon law. we must conclude that it is necessary- to lind a practical method tor controlling all min eral dusts. Let us now see whether it is nriessary to give them all the -amr de gree of control. We have learned that the silicosis haz ard is measured by the amount oi silica in the air breathed. This means that with but lew exceptions it is directly proportional to the amount oi dust in the air and the percentage of silica that is in the dust. The studies which have established the sale limit, or tolerance, or threshold limit for continuous expo sure without deleterious effect, have ar rived at 5 million particles of quartz dust per cubic foot of air. none of which dust is larger than to micra in size. 1 think we need to digress for a moment to visualize what is meant by 5 million particles of dust of such tiny size. We know it is invisible to the naked eye be cause it takes 15 to 20 times that much to produce a haze, and even that isn't visible as particles of materials. The particles, therefore, are so small as to thwart imagination. As one looks across a dusty room and iees great gobs of dirt floating in the ait. settling out rather rapidly, ur being blown around by draft currents, iie is mid that that i= not the .'itsl we are talking about. The ianger lie in inch tiny particles that they could be run be tween the bearing and the :h3il **i a very line machine and not touch, ior a micron is roughly .00004 of an inch. Five particles or sand, each piece so small as to be only .02 of an inch m diameter, pulverized down to 5 micra. makes iust that S million particles for loading a cubic foot. This means that things by arbitrary standards. if it is lound necessary to exhaust liudust at its point ni origin su that that which gets into the breathing tie "> the workers will be 5 or fewer million invisible motes in each foot of space, vtc haven't begun when we get out only the I Ousts winch jre known in he ijigeiv juj/Iz, }U to 100 per cent which repiiM-tils (lie sands. jnc) sand stones vetnrh jrr UXTJ in moMing npmttons, sand blasting npeiatwus. JbiMive pulverizing, sinister brick mixing and ilher such operations, can well be .grouped tor a limit nf S million pntidei visible dirt. We are confronted with the astounding tact that the heaith hazard has not been touched, even though an exhaust is *28 per cent eli'ident in terms nf the weight of dust, if we cannot vis ualize such an invisible hazard, it at least warns us not to throw together me tin ducts, motors and fans, and call it dust control. Returning to our main theme, iet me repeat 5 million particles per cubic foot as the bench mark tor quartz dust, bince the hazard is in proportion to quartz. the less quartz the less danger, t>r con versely. the less quartz the more dust may be permitted. Now, is there a top limit of dustiness which, regardless >->t quartz content, might be considered a maximum above which nothing would be sale, and up to which only the inert or so-called "safe'' dust might gor It >eems to be pretty well agreed among the investigators that there is a top limit and this figure, or second threshold limit, is 100 million particles. In other words, no matter what the dust is, it's dangerous if the concentration is greater than 100 million particles per cubic too*. In between these limits must lie ti.c Dusts which come trnm the hard rocks used in the building and monumental trades which run *0 m so per cent quartz and the mixed foundry dusts, which started with 30 to i) per cent quartz in the sand but have been Jiluted bv tremendous quantities of smoke and nine *'r phosphate pjriim: w that the Just Swathed is often less than in per cent quartz, a pracuiaJ safe limit tin them appears tu he 10 milium particles. : bor the whole great range of dusts such is laic or clay or emery, which contain cither no quartz ut only a 1 in A per cent impurnv. tor which too million particles is a nevei-toi*.exceeded dead line. 1 doubt that we un afford to take chances jiiJ be -arnfied with control which bungs these dusts Juwn only to lot) million particles. I have often suggested tS million bur hair been accused n[ being ridiculous because that liguie is certainly nut in anthmchcjl proportion to the silica con tent. Vet, u-e are faced with rtio, .I.lemma-- oppose we pick 10 or hu nullum particles, mull a dnsi r.imrril procedure and find in the *uise *t a number of rears operation that we still get disabling results No dust runtiol that I know sf has actuals demonstrated that 11, or 10 or toO million residue n satistactoiv. It may he necessary, therefore, to skip a tnlrr. ance for that type or dust except to sav that when it is over 100 million it must be reduced However, get the dust Jnwn as low as i. rrasnnablr practicable, sml 11 million ,nll inoks reasonable to me points oi safety which take the propor We now understand in general terms tion of silica into account. what dusts, how much, and **t what sizes constitute health hazards. Vou Standards for Oust Tolerance have a plant in which you suspect a haz ard. Let us examine what can be done What is the practical answer? A table ibout it to evaluate your particular con- ol dust tolerances such as is contained hiions. Dust control is so expensive you in some state regulations does well should not guess at the hazard. If vour enough, and in them we And a genera) lust has a lot oi quartz in it, such as agreement but with some variation, in foundry molding sand, ganisler. segre principle most such tables show 5 to 10 gate lor fire brick, granite, sand stone million particles as the limits where the for too) grinding, etc., there is a health quartz content of the dust runs from 100 hazard. If you can see the dust, you per cent down to 30 or 35 per cent re- know it to be a terrific hazard. II there -pectively. To use these tolerances settlement on ledges there is a hazard. which are hased upon percentages ui You can save yourself, the bother of Und silica, both chemical and petrographic ine nut the exact quality of toxicity, and analyses of the dust must be made to get reasonable estimates of the silica. The -ampling and analyses are both very Uil- proceed at once to put the dust under ,-ontro). Your problem lies in the 5 or 10 million limit group. ftcult and expensive. It is doubtful it the fellled out dust represents the haz ard. and the raw material cerlainiv duc-i not. .Also much evidence indicates ih3l petrographic analyses nf the smaller sizes is impossible, it seems to me that, without being contradictory either in If, tm the other hand, you have some mixed dusts nf low -tlica -emtent >c `toubtfuJ hazard, before bnvine -juii control machinery you want to lino out what the hazard is and how much. The first thought would be to take dust attitude nr results, we ran simplify Please turn to page j8> N A T IO N W . M K E T Y NETT^ 48 a leasunablf price. There is also a very Dust Control nceniuus continuous dust sampling ami 'lining ipp.ir.ilu# for keeping a ,.in- <<'untinuni irom p<iv' t o ' niious count i)i the oust m a room un der exhaust and it can lie #o arranged a# Hint*, make analyses and rely ujnm those findings. I have said that 1 doubt the value of analyses. They may prove 1 he the nly practical methods, but they lertainly jre not as quod criteria as to know whether the dust is harmful, and some moderate quantities under 'iispirinn may be -safe. U'e ire there fore. very anxious irom a practical standpoint to determine whether our Just is really dangerous or not. ITiis rviiiia tu me to be a tremendously im portant point, for if certain dust# ate not dangerous, the atmospheres, contain ing them should not require such dean sweeping as though the quartz content were there aione. Our present knowledge of pneumo coniosis is so limited, and especially our knowledge of these minor dusts, that we do not know definitely which are bad and which are not. doud medical records ot old employees, which records would show the incidence of pneumonia, tuberculosis, etc., would be helpful. X-ray ni employees with 20 years or more exposure would be most useful, but the danger from inexpert diagnosis <>n the one hand, and misuse of the iniormntion on the other, makes examination or employees for this purpose something to be avoided. I urge that more .-atis/actory yardsticks ior evaluating this haz ard be found, and the recent and current toxicity studies hold some hope for an answer. In the meantime, it is necessary to as sume that all mineral dusts contain some health hazard and put them all un der .ontrol. and rely upon the low quartz content of the material producing the dust to iocate it in the.third or least harmful bracket. It may be well to consider medical ex aminations as a dust control measure, it is recommended that new employees ior dusty places be found physically lit in order to avuid introducing men whose condition makes them able to an early break down on jccount nf defects or diseases already present.or who may inlect others by spreading disease. I'roper diagnosis of such physical con ditions can only be accomplished by having a medical examination with xrays of the chest, including as complete a medicai and employment hlstorv "I the ipplicani a# r,tn be obtained. It is rccommenaea that x-ray interpretations lie made -mlv iiv physician-, wn.i qualified to interpm x-rays and who have training and wide experience in the diagnosis ot respiratory ailments. The periodic examination is ,m nidi-ocnsable preventive measure which en ables the physician to detect disease- . u the iungs in their e.irlv stages ami a: .: time when removal of the worker irom !hc dust otters hope of recovery or im provement. In addition, the repealed routine mcdiinl examinations iiirni-h a valuable means of determining (he cue. - I i untrol the ventilating exhaust ' -in nanism. turn on mure needed and mm it off when the satisfactory rundi' ions have been reached. This has been designed ami built by Mr. Hazard and Mr. Philip i.rinker of Harvard and as `-ir ax I know, is till a i.tlioratnrv piece, i #ee nuthing impracticable abuut it. '<i\i ever, ami Inr a large i l i m r o n i m l m Mllanon 1 would e.xpeit ir in ne j s u-imi as the automatic >arbon monoxide .Ieiector and control mechanism in the Holland tunnel. tiveness uf dust control measures. There are practical dust suppression While it would #com drsir.ible in ev mechanisms for sand Masting, tumbling, amine present employees to discover .'rinding, mixing, bagging, drilling. jb ra. -ases with active tuberculosis, in order -tie grinding, dry jam mixing and al to assure proper treatment and prevent most every type of localized operations their spreading infection, this procedure .-eiierating dusts. They are .-xpciisivr is likely to -fir up (Mini.- o r misunder unless well-designed. Thev are mo often standings on the part ot the workmen, iiieilective because. a= 1 said iieiore. siirh examinations u nude -huulil ' - dit-v don't begin (o much liie health used only inr rehabilitation purpn-e- ix/ard until they have got mi ul must ,f the dust, which is the l.e-a iliev ran equipment for Dust Counts in. They wear out due to the abrasive iction oi the dust. They mst j ioi of t*ur problem now is to suppress the mniiev. and the cost usually cannot be dust to a .vile limit. That implies iis i<- instilled >m the grounds >n improve, l moval at the -r.urce by mechamcai ex haust. That implies counting the nusi lo begin with in order to base some basis work efficiency or quality ..t product. irraxional installations will lie xeltupporting. The ivelly 'rap -<n roik ior designing the equipment, jnd re counting to know that the equipment is working satisfactorily. The impincer or drilling has heen demonstrated tn inrease the cost per iniu drilled but h iincreased the drilling rate -iillicientiy standard method is complicated, slow, in onset the cost. Xlso m the axe expensive ana poor ior routine cnccking ni air-conditioned rooms in which pnr- although it must be used as a standard . elain enamel is sprayed, the expensive for calibration. We. ihereiure. want a or (.unditioning stem no he made ample method, one that somebody not to ..in tro ! ihf dust and at the --ime an industrial health expert ran use sat lime be made -ronomically (...inti liy isfactorily. Zeiss Kxinimelcr i# a satis reasun >.f an unproved quality oi factory instrument in the hands of the enameled surface. S'o doubt there are man who has had some training. The in- many installations which have already -irument is imported, is rather difficult Iemonslrateii ecunomy ir'in mher con- iii obtain, and not too expensive uniter uirrations than improvement to health. $200, I believe. The point 1 wish tq maKc i? that the Another instrument is the Uweiis Jet improvement to health is too important which has been modified by Mr. Hatch t.. waste time trying to Justify- dust ex- a Harvard and Mr. Thompson .is.-c". >- r.xuM equipment upon economic cunsid- atetl with me in the American Mutuai to .ratiuns. Where operations are ,-pread make its operation simpler and more =at- ml over a great area, as in the (.Ose isfactorv. This apparatus was built oimdries. it is difficult to avoid raising lieciReally ior use in checking the -lust dust in the shakeout operation, except by control apparatus in a targe granite xpenstve mechanical installations. Most s h e d , and is entirely satisfactory. Vp to >i those which have come to my .men the present time 1 do not know that any tion have been installed lor the economic instrument maker has undertaken to purpose ol '-tnd handling and in most manufacture H, but certainly a demand -uih mscs were iar irom amt'actory would create interest to pruiiuic iheni at irom a mist ...nirui -'-indpoini YM lnA \ | . - U-'KTY '.T \V ' 4' handle tne -and tonnage ill right Win they do not inurh the micrograms. I.i-i u- no look lurilier in -c- whether some oiher remedies ill be satisfactory. MjppO'e we leave the hazard alone and put respirators un the men. It won't work, except (or very short periods or /or emergency work, such as cleaning out dust arresters or loading tumbling barris. There should he mi g e sti n about efficient respirators l-i..iuse the I'niled Mates Bureau of .Mines is now prepared to make tests and an employer u o justifiably limit his purchase to res pirators which meet these tests. Even though respirators may be efficient, they are uncomfortable, and while it is not a Cetlfrithtrd n (1 (' lvlil*h .ialrt* *'> hardship tor a man to wear a respirator temporarily, or even for a week perhaps during a period of breakdown m the dust exhaust system. I annot conceive o Happy Feet workmen remaining contented if they have o wear respirators cuniinuousiy for a long period. If they need to wear them and don I wear them properly they might just as well not have them on at all. It has often been said th at a man ino belter than his feet. Mangled, hruis.-d, b roken or smashed toe.- and feet not only take a man nlT the job, but eoat real money in In operations which can be confined compensation., medical and o th er in a limited space, such as sand blasting direct and in d irect costs. In ad and perhaps shaking out some types of dition such i n j u r i e s reduce the castings, the workers can be encased in i morale of fellow w o rk m e n and helmets provided with an adequate sup- ; slow down production. ply of clean air. The air-line helmet is practical for continuous use. while a filter respirator is practical for only limited periods. If the dust is extremely heavy, say 300 million particles of quartz, and a respirator is oR per cent efficient the worker is still breathing six mif-Jn particles, which is too much. Think ui respirators preferably to sup plement exhaust systems. \Vh:ii else tan we do to get rid of the You can p r o t e c t your workers' fret by insisting they wear Lehigh Safety hoc w ith the improved teel box safety toe. T heir Feet will be happy feet, protected against injury and f u rth e r--I-ehigh Shoes arc built for comfort, durability and appearance. EVERY DAY WORK SHOES .Vo. 3}9 -- Black Elk Bluchrr, l rather Sols and Rubber Heel. No. 8ft--- A* Above, Except Chrome Leather Middle Sole, Ann) (arid Rubber Sole and Rub- hrr Heel. Sir 5-12 EE dust hazard? The first to suggest itself is to get rid oi the silica content in the dust. 1 know ol one gruup of foundries which is mnducting extensive research LEHIGH SAFETY SHO S. SEV EN involving Lhe use of molding sand' that are free of quartz. That may prove to be ihoroughlv practical ami is a step in the right direction. Any plant can stuiit us r FERALUN operations to see whether the qu3rtz ma- I Jfn lh SU p Treads (erial th3 t is being used can he etimi- : f/to Krtmsntun. fflininfiii! mid Ylen/mi nated. i listings in some rases tan be I .leaned with water. Blasting 'a n in- . done frequently with steel grit instead oi I and. 1 ertninly inundries can use silica- iree waiting <nmpound that i- lust j .~ i gtitni as quartz dust, Mltca packing i -hullId lx* replaced m annealing "pera- * PREVENT ACCIDENTS ON STA IR S and FLOORS A bard meeaJ tnalnx into which is east an abrasive next in hardness to the diamond assures durability and anti-slip ertiC K T C V - ALL ARE FIREPROOF Originators and developers of Abrasive metals tor ions. Pulverized quartz is not needed I SAFE WALKWAYS i'. .in abrasive This is one avenue "I : unirol which ^liuuld have thorough | . t u fi v in e ; u h i n d i v i d u a l c a s e K '-rn inoueh \u u lift rul *>! quartz { Specify Feralun anti Ht* Snrr AM ERICAN A BR A SIV E M ETALS CO, Irvington, Now - H 'TF.MBKR. m l so If ) Reasons why C R D C q j R D S are 1/ \ F F and Hcvli comairu approxi mately 70*p native canon. ilie Cotton is twisted into totssh tords to increase wear. Cords a re placed in the sole O N -E N D to prevent dipping. (JRO-CORD an d R A W - C O R D toief a n d h a th are used in dasnes, trrm a n d steel fo u n d ries, railro ad ihops, a u to factories, gas a n d elec tric plants, tec and fuel stations, stone quarries m in c i, g e n e r a l garthouses -- h ere Safety is an im portant factor. 4 5 6 Non-Slip features relieve leg strain. The high percentage of codon resists heat and cold. CORD-ON-END gives cushion COMFORT to the feet. Flexibility a n d ease in walking. 9 10. NO N-SLIP adds confidence and efficiency to the wearer. 0 R O 'C O J lD S and RA W'CORDS guard against lost tune accidents from slipping. Safe workers are efficient work ers and are in demand. Now-- before vou have an accident it the time to purchase shoes that have GROCORD or RAW.CORD soles and Heels on them. Your work wtU be more pleasant because ot this added laitty. . w o u r v a hi o il a t 4ih A n n u a l Sal<*iv I'n n K re** a n d E x p o s itio n UOOTH NO. 13, Urovn Hotel, Louiavilie, K>., 'ctober H-lfl, 193>. T h e U iw a C o i d S o le 8c H e e l C o ., D e p t. 7 - F , L im a , O . (.'Hr | fo trrtn ib v I ' l t g n U - A r y InfrinRrm fpt W ill De Froeecuud n o n -s l i p s o l e s a n d h e e l s Rubberized Fabric Link Mat Thii Non-dip Safety Mat is especially designed for industrial use where there is a siip Hazard. In addition, they increase the workers' efficiency as they reduce fatigue brought on by stand ing on concrete, brick, tile or haid flooring. Ideal for placing m front of machines and where wet conditions ezist. Heavy galvanized wire with cadmium plated clips and plates are used to prevent rust. Furnished in sizes to meet your require ments. Low in cost and long wearing. Write today for prices and c o m p le te in f o r m a tio n . THE BUX BA UM COM PANY Akron, Ohio hut cannot set rid of all dust, see hat you can do about getting nd ot rw -s-is it it by i .inducting iipivitfinrK in -urh .1 manner as to minimize the raisins of dust. Explore your process, lor instance, and see hosv much residual dust lies on the horizontal beams, indues, etc. In some plants that have nut been cleaned for a Ion? time this dust has been found to lie at the angle of repose and the vi1 hration ni a passing truck would liberate j enough dust in the air to be uf itsrlf a I -.eriotis hazard. This ran In- got rid of | by a Ihorouenly practical means, such is vacuum cleaning or iiloiving down with a iet of wet air or steam. Respi rators are satisfactory for the protection uf men doing the cleaning. There is an enmomic value in this item. It has been reported by some plants which have improved their house keeping by this method and have gone a Mep farther and brightened up their factory rooms with paint and adequatp lighting that other accidents have been reduced and work efficiently increased. Certainly an extremely dusty place indi cates sloppy housekeeping. Houseclean ing must be put on a periodic routine. Dry processes will sometimes admit of being changed to wet processes, or damp processes. While dampness will not lay dust, moisture in the process will pre vent the generation uf dust in many uses. Care must be exercised in interp -cting this suggestion because water on a high speed grinding wheel does not prevent the dust. One o( the most serii ous silica health hazards is wet grinding on natural sand stone wheels. The inci dence to tuberculosis is high. Water on artificial emery and carborundum heels may o r may not be iienefii ial. ti i- p e r mitted in lieu of dust exhaust in at least one state, but we are faced with tne upimim ihat these dusts are ir.trmit->s anyway, unless the volume is high, lie worth depend-: upon getting the dn-l well beloiv IOO million particles. flavine done ill the hoii-eket-ping "I process improvement that cun tie devised, in lieu oi exhaust, w a rp . onfronted with the question ui whether then- -till remains mist in .-ulticii-nt quantity irmn some processes, tu make it m-u-r-ju i" remove it by mechanical exhaust. Ihi-i 1 mints will tell the answer. Hand opera tions. such .is molding, -an lie mine without raising much dust. Mosi me, h a n lc a l o|H *ralicm =, which o-[,,r 11,: - ate dust must be exhausted. It set-ins in evitable that exhaust ire n-eii on -and slineers. rork crusher.- dry n.tn- '.r.-uming lhai we have out m m e \ Cl It IN VI. f UT.TN MW - 51 h.iusi -'.stem that is well designed. Anal I must iie done to make it work.' ! have I cuu that ihei near nut ion murf put dust counts on a routine basis as a check ni the eltifiencv ot the system. Whether you use the Zctss or the (Owens' or the impinger doesn't matter. The system must he explored constantly for leaks, the dust traps must be cleaned regularly, ana the dust disposed oi w that it won t bin- hack into the building. II the de sign contemplates returning the rieaned air to the building, extremely careful checking oi it must lie done in order that the hazard may not he compounded. It i? poor practice to return the air to the building because operation is i often badly maintained. Who is responsible (or a dust control programs I'he utvners, through the man agement, are responsible for the provi sion of the equipment ana the proper engineering to produce it. They have to spend the money and it is management's responsibility to see that it is spent property. The initiative and the engi neering necessary to control the dust rest entirely with the management. It is | not a hazard which can be controlled by efficient supervision and safe practices Wh1 make w> n*xt plant iiiiJperrimi. hr 'Uri* t> notice Hi' m rr or it** uiit-oi-ihe* *.vav drive belts, motors, h af tin g or other vtpujiuu'nt that uhouid ho awarded. hnr that liavi* lircn nrgiectcii due to their location, it h .1 j;ooii policy to protect rverv hazard w en t h o u ) ) t h e r h a m v t* a r c i d e n t i s s f -* M iiin p lv small. alone. It w real `I'oimmv to protect your worker* The supervisory department is re sponsible for the housekeeping, -ale prad.ces and shop methods, some as signed members of the supervisory de partment are responsible lor the main tenance and operation oi the dust re moval equipment and dor the dust counts used as a check nn the system If there ever was a nice machine re quiring cuiistam tuning, it is j dust re moval -\stem it won't work without from po4*ih!c injury and it in Safety Guard hiM M ioiiiV w h e n v o u d o ho w i t h I! & K G u a r d U'cci^nrios. They are furnished rradv for eav .mil 'im r k a.^einhfy bv vour handy man in his -parr time. 4U f i & K G u a rd d e c e n a r ie s a rc u n d e r tm p reIton j m i r r o f U nderwriters1 Laboratories, Inc, this attention The workers ,.arrv j responsibility ion. I hev inu-l use the -afeeuartis provuied. whether thev tie respirators or U I I.ib ertv St. VMM U IK K . V. 1 5nI5 l-'illmnrr >, i ; n i a t ; i i . tr.r.. portable hoods to place behind hand j fool- J'bei nntsj not -lull h.ies llHo , ducts to slop oraits. ltust control is a i -imperative thing--each division e a rn mg its share ui responsibility. Vnlimk i ,.oi ,o.tod his responsibility and make the thing work USE a UNION or COLUMBIA CARBOY INCL1NATOR for the '' \F R am i M \S 1 wav In [lour acid- and rlieiineais Iroin ,*,irio\ - nr -mall mil m riiunti -ize d ru m -. A Correction I trn -il - -Uni - p rim -d ib-in-p allr.ielivelv prn-ed. Niid on iniiiii-i -b a rk an aran li-i- I'hmuL'h ,m irrur in ihc r j p u u n j<.- ti/mpanyimr w Wusiraiion on pant' } i*i thf Umust \ \ 1 I 0 W L "WhTY . M(reil 1\ -I'wu |f president M r , t-n- . T.tl Motors * TjxX.'UMm \\,{n icl'*rr<>ii fo vire-preMiieni oi the urporatiou j THE IN C J.IN A T O R 'v'llil lor a rompii-ielv iliu Irated and dr-i-riptive hiilletm u m n e l ull p a r t n -u I jr- a n d liner-. C O M P A N Y - p .o . b o x 3 6 3 -m jw m e a j>o u s , w s n n . I s f - P T F M B F R I'M'. Boiler Plate Can Be Handled Safely Bu l L E R [d ate '.an lie li ;i n Jle d 'rtiVly with X c w r Slip rale tv lla m p s . i i|il-t.isliioned ch ain s nr brinks. w hich have a tendency to (.tunc .u n d e n ts to iiit'ii- Thc-><- lamp.' m ake ra rrv in c work um -i the heads of workmen sate. X... tim e List in a d iu stin c the hold nr inriuimx a hala ire. Made (or horizontal ami vertical biting. Write for detailt Never Slip Safety Clamp Co. P. O. itox 448 G rand Central Annex, New Y ork Cirv INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Accident Prevention Equipment Manufacturers' Section American Abrasive Meuis Co. .49 American Mason SafetyTread t':n. 75 American Optical Co, " 8 Bernhard, Robert A. 65 Bishinger-K oehler Mfg. Co., Inc. 61 Rreuer E lec tric Mfg. Co. ii Brown S h oe Co. . 66 Bullard Com pany, E. D. 52 Burroughs W ellcom e & Co. iU .S.A .) Inc. . . . 25 Buxbaum Company. The 50 ; AMERICAN 1 MASON SAFETY TREADS fanrcfly Imwi n Iro n Bronze Aluminum Nickel Carnegie Steel Company Chicago Eye Shield Co. Clement* M fg. Co. , Cover, H . S ................. 5 Si ................ 71 ?9 Davis Emergency Equipment Co............................................ Dayton S a fe ty Ladder Co. DraCco Corporation . . . Durable M at Co.................. 14-62-71 67 .74 US Ellwaod S afety Appliance C -. i2 Pairway Laboratories, Inc. 29 General A brasive Co. 74 Harrington & King Perforating Co. ...5 1 Hygeia R espirator Co. 53 HynJon, Westcott & Dunning, Inc. 33 Inclinator Company 51 Industrial C lo v e s Corp, 62 Industrial Products Company 64 Invincible Vacuum Cleaner Mfg. Co. 59 Justrite M fg. Co. 59 Kidde Co.. Inc., Walter 63 Klein & Sons, Mathias . - 68 0H(amUMdd PUm The carborundum or a lu m in o u s abrasive e m b e d d e d in th e ir stair treads is an integral parr o i the body metal. The flint like particle project above the surface. producing j surface that etfecfiveiv prevents slip p in g : whether wet or dry. O t veers experience /< <*r ' e v ic t fo r the tu ftin g . /--.-urican Mason Safety Tread Co. Lowell, M assachusetts ShiU ibvitS hr Joseph T . Ryenon 8L Sun, Inc. C hicago, Illinois Lehigh S afety Shoe Co., Inc. 49 Libbey-O wen*- Ford Glass Co. 3 Lima Cord S o le & Heel Co. 59 Lincoin-Schlueter Floor Machinery CO. . <6 Liquid Carbonic Corp. 65 Macwhyte Company . . . 61 Mine Safety Appliance Co. Inside Front Cover National S afety Council 4.37-69-iil< Never Slip Safety Clamp Co 7 '. j Pangbom Corporation 54 I Procter & G am ble Co. 7 I Pulmosan Safety Equipment Corp........ .. Inside Back Cover | Pyroil Co................ 75 1 THE NEW Safe SCREW DRIVER t ` * TRY \ NON-SKID-- PREVENTS INJURIES avel Time and M ilim k M adr fo r m illwright-- m echanic-- elaciriclan Iw irh itan d s 18U00 v o lili. THE SURTY MFG. CO.. INC. 4 i ) 9 W, Kmnc St., Chicago ll> Ti/^Q unrrf nnu n n trh w u t p o in t m nprrn>i` tn an<J t .O l.L t .t '.T >iut **t p o in t o f t t i . S b it \ IOS Safety Clothing Co. Safety Equipment Service Co. Spencer Turbine Co. ; Stonthousc Signs. Inc. [ Surly Mfg. Co, , . 70 I I Back Cover i i.c I 66 . Trico Fuse M fg. Co. . ( Trimont M anufacturing Co Trumbull Manufacturing Co. 70 I 2 ! ' ! Wheeler M fg. Co.. V H. William* & C o., J. H. Willson Products. Inc. o9 I j I i I 1 Miss Dtimmle Duvinz eoif .utrm- ! ' 'imi I shall warn a small rule. ' [ i'lerk: 1 rifle?" j 1 Miss itu tn m lf S i heard mv I ! lousin say he ohut two birdie* and an i I "3Ele on the course where I'm to play." .' iPior r*ur pinti M im i * iry c/tt* tin - t r i t h r tbe m u t a r m o 3 Pwr*ii ,, ir.rf,* ,. ,4 m i n i a A tS uc o r i im /irP i in e rm e 6ae.tr up iiiritt . Pyrail ibirUt imiiaa! jro 1110 1 iim 4<|unfit iurta* Which b f c a n n o rlu g ju 1 p j r t 1 Mr* - r i a l an* safely hf.LF .U i e a i C A r c S m menfcvciES of il th ln n lo i, lai r U i l f f i Hort* vmciMty p m H . j Ay t r a u t f#*r r m t l t am arm i friall. apee, (b* worn tree S i- f ly adi Ih unt te r t i u U r Ut la d irra ic t. 'han fX U r a u / v i t P yr-il O litn b u ls r--r writ U p in ssP tA n t H|*. M n u u elu r | antf C uanolM tl fcy P vroil C*nnnf W V. H>d4tr P m rao l a fo lle n Ar LaCrosn W it. U .& A L<ek U r (h it t u r nu r* on ri (in . 'E P T E .M B E R . N3 6 T he Buyers' Servce Advertisers* Index, Peg* 75--When wnting, please mention National Safety News A A rrld fP * yrrv Irr \in a a * i J*rrytm tSom Council. Inc norm , rtre Min* Appli/' to Satar i.ianun* c. tu* 'j*la* M ittpm m i enit* Co tuo 9if lr P I Hupplj i o ^tUMUiOcoSmt lpnier r.Korutipacdl Co. U rli , T f r r T rln iH M ff Qubfk* u n p M V . K Miluittrd Compatir h 1 in d u rirli/ f*rfatue r** Min* a iu r ArptlmiMVi <n .itr*u, i.'anpinr Tfi* P lo t o n i, H o a r tln ak KoiUrtJ CofBpaoj. K f OaHJ H im /u y fM IP B M i l'o. Ine. p lo r im i. P o rta i;]* , W rrt rlr Ittw tr n m r i r Mf< ^ l'IiafflU Utnvficitfflnr o l 'aajrbom n n / n -n ^pnMtr Turbino lo durur 14tg. Co.. Tlir t ano W ant* Ila D jr il compatit. . 1> l rti K a u r u n e i Equipneot ; i w lIituwlni iirer i jMi tla*rof/irti i e Mino lnr Atipmotv* Cn l'roioctwooal i Ainptnp F u fa r a n .-`yfn r biuiprBfnt i *fj - ir 1 vnt** fu# HAaifjpiJ * t tn r Compiami io f lo Ib lM a . A fld p ro o t < lo tb lB B , F ire p ro o f M lt r d fdfflfiior, L t> 1***1 Krarmacy Muwwneui i. Inr. IM im r u i J'ta.tum va MI* H ilrty ( k ^ lu iu ii t a. *>afgr H a ia io i . The 'fety MtilPOffU berno* e . fu .-U1T F i r n **JpPir c o MUadanj HgSmj Muipowm i a d irai) Lumpur. Xlio A o e m .iia tirr Bullard Catana*. 0 - U U lM d atar ApoUuina Co l*u;uhl l.aupdiKotifPmeax lo fc u A p ro n o Uuttard t otflptaj, lim i LsMtsouoi fc^JUtpw*/>l I fl,, W - lodtfitrut lile lot?. imltitinaJ V i od*** co wuio dafei Appliance l p l 'aiutiurn 'morali0 S S w , 3 af*U W u ip i <mriat<rar. clouuna co., ,,TU* MtHS Sootpnam darair# co . -fTriil*t F ir n HuppU * Mandar Safo? M u to * "a. Mrauu campani. TU* .irre a ttra , D u a l nullard Compta], K. t> O ra cerpfstiqo lHiifii liti.rir1w0i..cUTotali A w ard , P ria Mia* darri Apollapc** O ttailtaea a n < B o lt o a a Bollard Company. B- I*. Mina M * u Appli*** ** , *t'Ool. L l B e m r o iulirka CtOM ny I t H luvlluardK CaWmMmoar. b*uu.iipl *. n, Ine tutto! IVaduCU * * a( tu fciUHUiii .ai*ic* Tur Lalliburr * i' . W M l'iiiiittiJFit. Tu# (U lti. U e Bumka (VnD if)/. B* Stujtard Ctimuny. r. IJ lu n a UmcrfdKir M utpafnt i.**.. I*c. fndui'rtal Produca Co Klria A S u W iP , Uu * a]cu Apollante* ce Pvmbl* Lamo A fluto Pulm m u s f ? Rompnjtm : `rp. ^ *tiH ? `lodile Co.. TP la tti; E oulpotel Borde o . TUo "ar* F ir n Bueoi , standard S iftU re**! Co yiranta cto p io y. Tao B e lt, Sm U tT Huhrk* C enp ifif. H II llu llu d Company. * ? { ' ,, , Dada n u r c t o a BquIP*o ` , loe. Induculai rrodrart* Klein A 8* , Pulan tit o JCnulpmant Corp, ] W h y S a fe ty E q u ip m e n t ; H e lp s W o r k e r s T u rn I O ut M o re and ? .1 B e t t e r W o r k M i iiu iu 'ir t a i i,...rWi`r ' n i n i ..m m..rc am i (KMter ..r i; vi In-H ilio i'.iii p e i- :>irtn ilic ir M ikA m nii.m ,.ii.! 'vith icari* nf m im i. 1 :| Bv irnvriiiiii: i..r ii.m i.iir .mr liv ..liurlimi? wi.n:.*i' .1 li-.-ium -.1 -!- i iiritr apainst im urr. -mtalili* ur.- u v tiv c (|Mi|imiU m irn itti tlicm to !iiv<? rloApr, more imcrci.tei atten- tiort to th eir wnrk, tlifre h v .nablint? tliem ri im nrm e lioth th oliatici' .imi rtuantitv >.i llicir production. riofhlm g. W eatherproof Bollard Coeopaar, G O. l>avu k s B tiitn o KquJi*uifm >`.. 1m laun nl iiiiec nu M w ir f il ivoiloeta I Min* A it* Awriuacr Ca. 'if r t lMh.li* i - The -fuer Ldu so esi Hervj.v TU* iM r P im ituplt to landard flafei Edif|pis*nl T*<* ilo ti * , \l|p lD ff S ih U u r tm iituia >t A a t'n ri i a lle d o r a , l>uot liracco Cnrpwttio* l 'a n tln n i carvuntum - u r u Mig r ;i. ( o n p o o n d a, t ira n io sai CktUitni io Ttt* \ n o ta lo rra , K tp lp a lre U qiiJd Bullard Conran, r. t tJru GInmc.rfef l.qucoacni Iw lu ad ai fioittri vo Jua*r<M Uta Co. Wloo A lf a ; Apptlcom co (Jetta b u Lamo A Baulpmmt l*rotcteceal l'omsanr ->if**tr, TEho*ilt a n i t in ii'r y lfa u u Cflfflpaor. Tti* D e te c to r , lia n Bottaio Combas. K H flavi Eaawxmer M iopierm t > . Ine. U lM 0 fM? AppfluvM (o PoiuM * Leap 4 M 'itDarm <`a U r l i l i , l l l a d o i r L `l r l i Ihihilw Compio, R H Bollard l'WMftP. L I* Ic d tu itiil Product Ce Uta* Pali Apattane** io Portable Loom A KdotpmMt C* UklHs Clpoitn c * in tram lampen; r>.< llla a k t h , F lrrp ro o f tUiHcrd rn o n rr V. tl Travia C o a fro c r toulpflirrtl 1*0 Ine tndu m ial Produe * M ia ilr lr 4ppllanrr* ' .`Vlm oiao Aafrt Boninncfli <orp *il 11 `d iln r ira Thr ^afeir Kouipnvni *Vrv|r <*o Tho yru r i m ^wpptj <*o ->tand**d lU frt/ L u l p a r n i B la r k t r i, M ia r I o r Induttrla) Products Co Vin# y# r AppManrei 1* B lo e k rri, K a llro a id ( or ttuUtrd Compati, t l i loductrlai Produeu ' * <Mfrt Kautparnt iMrncr `*.0 Th* SUBdardr i mSolmsrupEoqiruip*aro* (ta- O p ritela. Ila la lla d Bullard Coupon?, t . ir i r l i tdBfisancT *iriPatol f*,, toc intutiriai Proda** '? Itu lle tlo R o a rta fH)uciia|irdRaCterorrpnur7ir. t^GuipmD rni 'o tm Rtltou l r | n * V tlfir P lfM A p p l l a n m > j film ai* t^itpovrni 0P barn/ B/iulpiKm itrH ' Co . Th ^altu P in i Poppi? i* in d ird fletei Coulpoiroi < ' f / n. O li Uullaid Catopios. E. Il Induitrtal PruducU io Uln* Safrty AppUancH * Pratccuual cam oir.i qitrt; Bqulpmmt Arnlr* ', Th (.k U % P a cta rt M 'K a ; `mpifiy i holm. S sfrlr. R o a ia n d lo fiollard rvimroar G t In r naftr Applianm .> sir&uit caaopuiir. Tb* i la m p a , lkatll lotunriil Produrti i strtf l ' iu ii* 1 alrir t;r i s jr a lr * D e le rlo ra , la d lr a lo r a , B cc o rd m , carbon Ifo tto slrfr Ballard Oaajiaof. E U. Usata Itm r ie iq Bqulpmtm Ca.. lae. MI* Appllanrva 9 D rtre to re , P iro ta o a le Mloe itaM r Apolfaoe* c`* llb la fe rta a ln a d Q ,. o to ra a M i lo napn aacl H o rk rln M T ir S lip ffa/riy Clctflp i. f'Ira a e ra , V a r a v a lir'vrr ijr n n r /< i i 'Jra rp 'i tfangii'iurinf i t >*mnrirte Vi**ium * leinrr MI* > ; prncrf Turbin < W i 9 Tr,* r lo lh lo to r In d o tlrla l iV o r k e r a -- 5r< Aprodn, id * r r a , R a a 4 Lm O crm , f,e * B a . Skoca D u a te ra , R ock U u# r i d i t i ApelUneca *'o. P^flabla tam o A MulPmmt t*. H a il/lrn o , B afrfr Ulna s a fe ; AppIJinrw > K ik an /U a, C riailla W h*H -turi Mfr t o . 11 NVJfrt.NAL ."AFETi \K \l ^ THE BUyERS' SER V ICE See Advertisers' Index, Page 75-- W hen writing, please mention National Safety News E tO a ic a ta lim , F ire l lv lltl'j I O K T lU , }. Il S u d # a C n , Inc.. Walter urn* s t ftir AppiuM N io Portatile t u p A Eqiiipttnii I'r, P iilflciio S ifm tfquipatiM ' ip, P trtn r Mf* I OBpinr F P om, S k h a u B t UOd C-OtponilOB P iatb q n Coiptfillon H um VUf. Co.. Th* K aatrn ero o r l B frr> , B rit O ilp p v Belt L i o f Co. F ilm a o r S lid e s . Safety* fo r f l r a l a d ita le Sama) Baiti oudcIL Tee. P in o t A iri E a u lp n e a t Bu*r * HlicH Bernhard, Bofim A. B}ihM fr>Kfiil)lir U fi- i "a . Jqc. B o llin i CW M O J, B. D Burnauofci- W lln B t f * . t V B A .i loe. litr tt n*a*rttticj fiauipocot Co.. 1 . Hrooon, w eurou A Duaal/ir. loe. Iq d v ttriil h o d it t i i o. Johnion A JaM icn Ifirrk A ('i m u i Miao 3* tH j AppiUaeM Co. IN Iaoo ifi 8 >f*ty Egiolpaont i'lrp sii#p nnJbiBt >' S ifr t j SqUIpstfit 8rlr . The *af*t r tftt hupotr C Standard *i#eir 4bfpa>at |>* rie , D a o jte r Baller COOMBI. K D In d u ttric i Product! Co rat k h i im u m Same C o . Tiro Sionrtwuio 9lo*. Ine p iao h llllfet!, P crK lM lb lc nwllud Conotaf s i> P4TU0U Litap A tantom eni F lo o r riv o a la c M ach io n i, B lcclrlc Uqrfttn ehlurter ttn.w ifirtifriery < a rlo o rlB B S u fcf y iu n e ifl in erirlo M afrrln l, A sm i** urtai '* Uh m Si M* rtna 8*'v o ta i furti Co. lluribt# Mal C* ftm fn) Abruir* r ilh so ii Biorl lomptny (otattrui ro d tiH i c Inland Urei co feti f i n i BuDtlr to Surir iff C o . fb# 1` n a i n r a r . R o b h e i' Rvllord Co F D IftduiirttJ P'o>loru r A 1/MilXli *4* |m # " Milt* M eleti <ipW:*nrr i r> 0 Caruol# Laenp A V*qu` rfnrni F oFuaaetfaolnr7* . D H o k l a u . fM la s a fN Pouft t f.iiiniil i jriMtiiK I .<! < lirrm lrld rA U rm le fd c a , C o tfio ar O il i Ib r . S a f e t y A m rvm n optical C b i u i Uulla/d Compuar. ti u ililfOiro K*e Hhiefal Co Indoetnei r r U M U i U b M T 'iiw c o i-rird e l e a Po C Tu U bi A t t e i r H p ttw N Co P ltu iM m b P i u G iu * C. Clam ine Co.. The i l a r E q u lp n r t l Htrrtre ,S i|D tlin i S arete' C ojJpiM ni Co. Suriy tifa i? o , The iviliioo flrw liim , t i r lilo v re a a d M ilieu* HuDifd Cfltaptnf, X 0. (;o B a a . S ir r a a , H oran n a d ( h c r ^ e a a iin e O rTtrce Unitu* raspiv. r. u. Indonnai hM M c a M ia* S it it f i p iU u in i Co. m tlo crn , .Safely U o a rd R . t 'h lp a d Si>rk Railard c ia n n i, F. I turato ty Uiald Co Indvttrtal Ptodwta CO9.*i* 0 Cfalhinj Co., Th# r, n ard o . Jo in ir r ISod-ar! l'o .ilriy tadtttarat i w i f f . Th# M iw u n i M aini U iuv b *iii Co. <swn> Ufa. C o , Th* ,urM . K ie fc i*rewa njr Ilia t o fh# u ard n , l'o r r c r P rc an Idrato Era Shield Co, Ifv lu itrtii Produrle Ce. oardn. T ra o d i - f`r itti, ko , ] tir H H and C ream ilaiUtrf l'emoaay, . P t a r li Emerfeai hlouiuan: Intdeo.nntieie.Predaci! le Ulne S ii A npU uun ` ^eiHjr I id illio / ( o Could You C ru sh a Man7 Toes w ith a } .Sledge Ham m er? j r '* " * vw i. c. i>. inmdteatfsi#i/l#P/rodpuocitiwicCcoa (.*; I M in ta e tp & baaipmen I & wifttr Pluimttiiiiruw lr *r*r>e *rui nnptnr. The H eat Cram p i t * a liv e . F.inr.r (ainrua- nr S'i/1 ii In1 li.ui on -i iwir 1 np-t.,-i.itf SAFETY SHOES! ' i i i . H r h i <'.-i_-ii>n, 1*11*11 r. . ! UOO-llt liloiv irom a -team ham m er. .icvilientallv Iripi'eil. i.nldi to imur ill1 tr>e. a repair man so protccteil. Am etna Optica! r n|a0in. HUhlfttw-kodikr Ml* " o . lac. KvIU/tl f*osipaor. a. ( ` h r 0 Ff* Shield r'o U tsli V.qi,,jLa)ri,i >. . Ine, Ih.ltiinl Pibdico o ULM hafolr in p a M e n t a i 'm gbcrc {.'oipom loo Po/Ubl# Io b p A Cnuipnecu ihitamto Mtin Fajup o tu <H* Ustfllft C'a . The* * ll ir ^aidOM At Servie# Ce.. Th. Suiimn elirdm imifAS*lw^ily'ilDBi ier. . . (Willed PTfhluf'u. (ne. S.iieiv -.lioci . im'i jiffi m t acvxlcuts . I.til thev can and do prevent toe injuries. They arc comt<triable, dur able. and c o s u h c worker.-* no more tbaii ither iuoil ivurk-'.b'K'- H o lsts. K lc c lr lf iH iu u a r a t i n i , v, it luvt! Cniritaa Lquipafiii 9 , tee. iQ dw trftl ProdacU Co U tec y i M ApplHfH'*! * ort.tut lamp A * 4u(psfi t 'tfay Muipamt 'v'nro Th 9 r w n Cooptiti. 'Hi# lUtvn A i* w H bjeito X>e Bblrld Co>. ) iu S w t i i n a hquiootat i o . Irne nduuflPl .Citer, fofp n tu iu ib l Vvodocu ca 4l r f l i r t i APPllmuM < o 'A fter i orpcfoiM ' 'uiuettn S lit t i i^tnpaer.i I'orp. ia / a v 'Uhl* t o Th ale! Rouipmtni wn*ir* i , Tht feti F ir n Hopplr * a. s an pilr'Il 1 I l.'olAttajil r- . >* i f . i r M turtil L loorrcener Eo'iparm lac. H I IT'^lurti i * iifft r Appiunm to ; ).* 0 0 k M tn p o co t ao b a ltir Couipmtnt nothin t U Th* flu ttu o eoi brrflrr Th* f in i Supolf " td 9 t l H l BQutpKrnl t e 'l a l r t r L q n lp rsm i B uvico *> Tlic t l in tl r d S i t a i C oulrm rnt C*> 'it#ntlrrt S ita e fAiiinne<ii < o *juriT T ilt * o , Tie I* o a rifa . F ir n keel tlrelMaion k h in t l*erro(> ta t C*. lo.tf*'ri!l Produrli t o 'Mill Uff Th leuardrt. F ool aad l o r fluito*! en T- P I'HoMri f lir t i M flU i rr *i lodiltrtl f^ihlorli <' MI*# c rrw Apptunm o Pomato lamp A Ktuipwrn <frr P ta iiiin a i *i * - I tti tq u lo o m i H tntr* Co 1 m o i* tr r t r e t f e r r i ; C<i in d i/r t iltty hAairmtiu i a S ln u i lA iieim . Thr b u a r d * . lpr -u n r i t t g c<* n iiU r d . o H ikU i k Siievy U f i Co Th U b eri itttm r o . S afe ty Mollard r'Amotnr. C 1* iati PoirtiB O Mulpfordl for ** 0* ll ir n o P M A n iB f l 'irtu fU - In .iu tiru l J '^ iii/it 0* J*r lADtint i o . Tur liflt t*||.(OeTM JWM1M n. '-i* n i U f i i The ru a ird a. >*vr lluiurd ram pini E 0 In iJ u itrltl rro d a rfj t'o ifety fefuiPtm tt Servie! 1 9 . Tll# M taadard j t a y E o a lp a m i ri mmh U f f ; , The (iU a rd x . S kaper In d u ilM il ITMoi'ii i o itar.d u d t i n i F.oiini Co S o n y U lf. Ce . Th* H ooka. Safety, H o la rls s Melina) t'rmjurtl > o ttom pU m i B q u lp m e n i Kaiioid l 'w n p u r K I iii#r,,0{trfIhl*MWOftrt.mc l 'i n t i> aerittK t E<iuiuto*f*i* I bc. r 'iile<trti no'fi/r* * b-n \p p |;* o rrj eleir P-Otfipmio! - < n l p> * Th* et! Pie. pp|e *<. SHi`U i i M n r N . n r l m (`nm pibr i'. / I m 'Iii# * t -tnpw it Im luilrtil Praducu lo ale i IwlhlOf < ,> Cile P te l p n m i if m i r e Th IndlralOm , F lam m able \ apor HvMifO ri)B)pin? ; f i i i r l i K tnrrtm rt r#3'i>pi&#nt Ine. U lne Appiuncri i o SEPTEMBER, I ^ 'd