Document Qkxn0y7x6Z0ZeoVBgGw4a4pq7

Hazard Prevention and Control ABD00002500 OSHA C( r,,ti pi?! I-.- '<1 S-lV-tV U.S. DOp-irS< i'-iH oi Lot^i . a si! i n* = ti r.t i Page 1 of 4 StA^CH HOME Module 2 Main Page Safety & Health Culture Safety & Health System Components Management Leadership & Employee Involvement Worksite Analysis Hazard Prevention & Control Safety & Health Training Hazard Prevention and Control -- After hazards are identified, how can they be prevented and controlled? After detection, all current and potential hazards must be prevented, corrected or c Systems used to prevent and control hazards include Engineering Controls Safe work practices Administrative procedures Personal protective equipment (PPE) Systems to track hazard correction Preventive maintenance systems Emergency plans Medical programs Compare "fa (ASUtk OJth S/fe l Engineering Controls The first and best strategy is to control the hazard at its source Engmeenng controls do this, unlike other controls that generally focus on the employee exposed to the hazard The basic concept behind engineenng controls is that, to the extent feasible, the work environment and the job itself should be designed to eliminate hazards or reduce exposure to hazards Engineering controls can be simple in some cases They are based on the followin If feasible, design the facility, equipment, or process to remove the hazard o something that is not hazardous If removal is not feasible, enclose the hazard to prevent exposure in norma Where complete enclosure is not feasible, establish barners or local ventila exposure to the hazard in normal operations Safe Work Practices Safe work practices include your company's general workplace rules and other operation-specific rules For example, even when a hazard is enclosed, exposure can occur when maintenance is necessary Through established safe work practices, employee exposure to hazards can be further reduced Depending on the type of industry and the operations, work practices for specific OSHA standards or to recognized hazards may be required Some of these specific areas include Respiratory Protection [1910 134] Lockout/Tagout [1910 147] http://www osha.gov/SLTC/safetyhealth_ecat/comp3 htm 8/23/02 Hazard Prevention and Control ABD00002501 Page 2 ot 4 Confined Space Entry [1910 146] Hazard Communication [1910 1200, 1926 59] Bloodborne Pathogens [1910 1030] Hearing Conservation [1910 95] Laboratory Chemical Hygiene [1910 1450] This list is not all-inclusive Refer to the specific OSHA standard for information an the required elements for these individual programs Administrative Controls While safe work practices can be considered f administrative controls, OSHA uses the term a controls to mean other measures aimed at red employee exposure to hazards These measu additional relief workers, exercise breaks and workers These types of controls are normally conjunction with other controls that more direc control exposure to the hazard Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) When exposure to hazards cannot be engineered completely out of normal operat maintenance work, and when safe work practices and other forms of admimstrativ cannot provide sufficient additional protection, a supplementary method of control protective clothing or equipment This is collectively called personal protective equ PPE PPE may also be appropnate for controlling hazards while engineering and w controls are being installed For specific OSHA requirements on personal protectiv see OSHA's standard, 1910 Subpart I PPE Hazard Assessment and Training The basic element of any management program for PPE should be an in de evaluation of the equipment needed to protect against the hazards at the workplace The evaluation should be used to set a standard operating proc for personnel, then train employees on the protective limitations of the PPE its proper use and maintenance Using PPE requires hazard awareness and training on the part of the user Employees must be aware that the equipment does not eliminate the hazar equipment fails, exposure will occur To reduce the possibility of failure, equ must be properly fitted and maintained in a clean and serviceable condition Tracking Hazard Correction An essential part of any safety and health system is the correction of hazards that the overall prevention and control program For larger sites, documentation is imp management and employees have a record of the correction Many companies use the form that documents the onginal discovery of a hazard t correction Hazard correction information can be noted on an inspection report nex hazard description Employee reports of hazards and reports of accident investiga provide space for notations about hazard correction Frequently, companies will computerize their hazard tracking system which can be adding a few items to an existing database, such as work order tracking httpV/www osha gov/SLTC/safetyhealth_ecat/comp3 htm 8/23/02 Hazard Prevention and Control ABD00002502 Page 3 ot 4 Preventive Maintenance Good preventive maintenance plays a major role in ensuring that hazard controls continue to function effectively It also keeps new hazards from arising due to equipment malfunction Reliable scheduling and documentation of maintenance activity is necessary The depends on knowledge of what needs maintenance and how often The point of p maintenance is to get the work done before repairs or replacement is needed Doc not only a good idea, but is a necessity in larger companies Certain OSHA standa require that preventive maintenance be done For example, a preventive maintena is required for overhead and gantry cranes, [29 CFR 1910 179] Emergency Preparation During emergencies, hazards appear that normally are not found in the workplace be the result of natural causes (floods, tornadoes, etc ), events caused by humans control (tram or plane accidents, terrorist activities, etc ), or within a firm's own sys unforeseen circumstances or events You must become aware of possible emergencies and plan the best way to contro the hazards they present Some of the steps in emergency planning include Survey of possible emergencies, Planning actions to reduce impact on the workplace, Employee information and training, Emergency drills as needed Medical Programs A company's medical program is an important part of the safety and health system services that prevent hazards that can cause illness and injury, recognize and trea injury, and limit the seventy of work-related injury and illness The size and comple medical program will depend on many factors, including the Type of processes and materials and the related hazards, Type of facilities, Number of workers, Characteristics of the workforce, and Location of each operation and its proximity to a health care facility Medical programs consist of everything from a basic first aid and CPR response fo sophisticated approaches for the diagnosis and resolution of ergonomic problems the sjze of the site, this may be in-house or through arrangements made with a loc clinic Whatever the type of medical program, it is important to use medical specia occupational health training [See OSHA standard 1910 151(b) for first aid require the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, has requirements to protect employees who first aid and CPR [1910 1030] ] Go to Safety and Health Training http //www osha gov/SLTC/safetyhealth_ecat/comp3 htm 8/23/02