Document QkV4bQ5364jM423eVMw34ZvOL

>u 1H H | *J4 ,rA LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION 0 CAST 4In s STRICT NCW YORK 17, H. V. *1 ' August 12, 1957 SU3J.TTt DEPS'IDABUJTT o f f u t u r e Lua's-jfruES To Messrs of the Lead Industries Association! Attached Is a reprint of a paper presented ty the Associ ation at the annual nesting of the American Ceramic Society in April, 1956, It appeared in full in the American Ceranic Society "Bulletin** of July 15, 1957. This is a part of our program to encourage greater use of lead in the ceratic industry, which intensified its search for sub stitutes during periods of lead shortages and high prices since the war. Sincerely youre. Secretary ! . W !l* ip iw u v-->uw -** HIWWW^.11 H'H U1UB LU!"1' 'J tf. |Rf^)Mf4 (i<4i Amit m C*ir IkAiK t'J M, X*. 7. U. J) Q Dependability of Future Lead Supplies KOttKT L ZltOftlO UAmiWSs * Hew TR, H. T. Teapofi^ ihofti|H of lend vhkh hireocatfrid ia the past were the result of artificial cootroU and foeerameat stockpiling. It is not likely that each conditions will again prevail becAUM of the la/ge stockpile so* existing and becauso lead reserves of the world are large and axe being increase at a sufficient rate to replace the lead extracted from the groood aneaadly. Detailed statistics to support these conclusions will bo presented. Atl iodu*tnr are concrnvd about the drjerwlaliiltty <4 their id raw Materials at rea-smalJe and *la1de price*. This r* |iartieu1arlv true when the raw material * fne wfcirb im|s*rt% e*jvwllv dr-iraf-lr |w**|rtir% to ihrir ;e..jrths winch are difficult < impiwble to h tain in tlirr wav* The ceramic indu*txir are to e*crjt and Wad u as impetaM raw Rulrrul to thre industries. In fact. in m-st ceramic a|.}-tcati><* it falls :'n the catrco* )u*t desmt-d f< H often *4li-rs the w*t practical and eco nomical wav 4 doing one <r wrr 4 the f<4krting tbin^i.' greater fluxing proofing increased fluidity and wider na'teu- mt range. reducing melting tetn;-raturr*. excelVnt wcVing chara* tcri'tse* lowering surface ten*>rnijn-ied texture and <rv.<<hn-*s <f surface adding brilliance. high reflectance and iraWx %i n fraction v *iU-h V*1 |r*{***, high iWnsity and afrs. -cpt n { gjrrnna radiatr*). desirable ibrrtnal rifMO- **.m and rU*tc jto-jeflin. |eovdtng highly dcwrslde eWc- trM'al je.-'petie* and adding duralality. r. the average limine** man f*ul4e*hcd infieirutwei ala act and reserves *4 metals it u v i4im Iw mt*Wading. w. at br*t. rocifuring, lajt th* need r>4 he w In the car *4 Wad. t jut it in the *imj*W*t trnm, the w*eld jw<Ked ahmt j.jm.iMi |oti> <4 Wad more than it e<i*umed between inir and 1UV. That rvtwbaK,,nr in*1'M'ck|lrt. Themly rrav that ncrtiw roar not alwavs haw ltn at4e to 4>- tcin all the Wad be wanted at all time* at tva***u!4e jcWe* b that tt-kj*W purchase* were tdten made when industrial noMitni'iko cai at it* highr*t pant in*tead <4 when it was hwr. Ah>. unrcalotic idling fwwes in |amd* 4 heavy e m- iutn|itii f< ilrfrne jetductwwi here and aW<wd diverted Wed to f.er-ign ouutfin lathrl.ina free rvocwany the wield and d*nr*tc *uj*j4ies <4 Wad shuld lw aide to take ca/r 4 all iodu*Uial nerds. With p4>al4v rrvee th a trillno tiat* i4 Wad already stick* piled, it i* unlikely that stickpling will ovVr any heavy rWmaftd <>n Wad in tlw future and ia the event 4 wax. the stixknW would vushiiw j the imjMCt civilian Mipf4irs. Wh.it ahucit tbc hen term laitkvdc* prnentH at the Filt> liiibik Mrrtui| <4 The Aminris Ce umcSortv h i New \'.*k. S' V , a{vil A IWfl (Mcttrah ia4 b|ui{>ninit (ijimw. Xu llj. 27e Ore re*crvrs <4 any metal Are difficult to estimate and fiKures un reserves must be nxd with the greatest cwutino t* they may be dangm*r4y nrideadinc. F<e coeuraic resv<m. it ts Dot i^nrrallv pr^'tk'al f<w a nrinin^ ownjwoy to blek ut its reserves l r m*ee than a few years ahrod <4 its mining ojer-al>> <m Tbc u mis I |jraelce is to try to find through new dcsvV^<mmt work each )*ear rtnugh reserves to repUce the anwwa.it estraeted^ Furtherovwe. reserve* change fnwn time in tame with changes in niocitr and teehtwApical coodtt*-v Fe eism|4e. a fs\<cat4c ecevmie climate may adl ei'n-aderaltW anwunt* 4 low praiW material to reserve* and 'See versa. Thi* d*e* o<4 change lhr sow out <4 inrtal c'ontent actually in thr ground Nit mrrelv what may le jr^talJy extracted tinder anv given *rt <4 eou- <nv oudilsus. .\hi, in boiip' may add large amoonls 4 <er ti> rrxtvri either thnugh brtler fronery < lisrfiric nsU, An ex* am|4r was the d.*<r4"(<nrat *4 A Nation w wne year* ago. This jeer** enabled iterators to rUw as 'rents large tiemages 4 material fnm which mrlal e^uld nc< prevwudy haw Iwcn je<Jita!4y estxaetrd. Right at the n> enrol a great Anwwiat <4 dnH<fore( w<ek r* Us&( rijesdnl in clirmiea) pecrs*es <4 metal refeme; to re]hicT. at a savuif. fire rrltninif. W ith the ("freer; <jOa1ica!ae*. known wrfd icsHti 4 lead esutainrd in ee are estimated bv gowmment aulhcitirs in the rwighNchd 4 .aiitii.ini too*. That is *<me tune* annual wickl C*csimjitio. Is Canada ws'rral t w mine** have jwoe-d and at Wa*< two \erv large orw Wad frftkin( <!r*tncts have liren dtsrmrted Tbrw are thr renuukabW drw*rteries in New r.rtir*wrick ar.d at Orest Sue Lake. Several new je^erte* and enlarged *mrlteT c*teity are adding to l`rmi je> lu.si<M<rroi Suihweu Ainea and Ka*t Africa axe all unj<lanl orw kerrts >4 Wad Australia has jnstd frwfvr* to la*< mtii the nest centuxv at p^entially itstraed leolurtiw ratrs. A nrff mine will *(* into (cducteu in Oremland. tn lh* eamtrv two large new mine* have lern |ut into |e<4urti in Mt**<sin. and ititrn*a\e eij4-Nation in Idaho ha* resulted in tie fitwling <4 imprtant nrw *er t1srs. Itoth brre and jW<*d nuff dvo*rrws .4 /me 1ia\T Nen made whah <nll alw* |r<dtMv M/ahW- tiemagcs 4 Wad. Of great impetaree r* *he fact that new re west * m this c*amtr>' are Iwtog ad*kd each \ear at a rale to re|4ce c evm exceed the Wad w loallv estraeled. Dun. if re*rr*rs srr estimated a ti> Itt wan Iv is t , tfwv wift |r4aMv A4 differ much fnw t<lai. yH a s e*tunites & lu 10 sears ago were not greatly different Fc imtiisT. in P*t7 hearings twftire the Subromniitti-e i4 fn\e*tigatfc*a 4 Natvaial !/r*wn *4 thr Seiyatr C*4tirniltee on |*ut4c l^arwl* were iSiNtsIwd In thrw hearing* fe{<e srntativTS <4 the l'. S bureau 4 S^inrt and the 1*. S (Vie kvic*! Su\tv t*tima'rd rro.vrfal.W Wad ci'Ctained in re west-* in the gnaiod in the Toiled States at aUsit t*,ati),(XXt inns iu T>44. it aUait 15 trmrs the airtage I*15--4 4 rate <4 peductirtL In the ref*4t of the Pre*^dmt's Material* iNJwy C"mrotsN/weser. faibhdwd in June. l**.*i, re*crses axe estimated Ck k x mk BrixitriM N 1858.01 *r 'HgWT.H .l*'.M-S"W IW^BmB>IWyi?!M Wf^W^HWrMMgggggWy|jp LIA21476 '" / r'lfcf^---------> ,W' ----------------^ ------ -------- ------------------------------------ --------------------------------- - .-.C^,--!*. at about T.noO.tVMt ton* in HtOO, <* about 1C lime* |Q-V) pro duction. Thu* estimated reserve* were vsnewhat higher in ld.Vt than in ItMl dcspte the (act that nearly t**n* of Wad had been mined from United Staler mine* in the inter vening via year*. Thb clearly indicate* the danger of tiding rrwrve figure* a* of nv particular date a* a gui-le to the life of the reserve* because they cano*4 <d necessity t*kc into account the new reserve* opened up each star. Alv>a there need he little concern about the fact that in period* *( gi*d Imvine-** we need tirable anvxint* of f-rrign trad to jnece out our d*nc*lie up|4y. M<ot of our impet* cocnc from Mexico* and Canada, our neighbic* the North American Continent. Threw two counlne* have accounted be about <0 jwr cent of our impel* *ince the war. The past year exemjilifw* the pr'nt I am trying to make, lead consumption of the United States was a little more lhaa ton*. *e ontv a few thousand ton* W** than the ad- time |wak id I^Vl. Yrt no consumer f Wad e Wad |Cuductft wanted fe supplies of Wad and the market *howed smaring price sialiility under condition* of such heavy demand. Even at that some *i<< tiO.txn ton* a4 Wad went into the gneemment stiakjuW and consumptive* abroad wa* heavy. With ampW supplier of Wad nwtal thus assured, the ccramie industries should have littW concern about the ava'lability of the Wad (induct* they o*OMime. Manufacturing ra|*ctty b ca|iabW of firoviding fw even a *irabW iiKrra*e in demand.6 aw /.y Vo l . 3A, No, 7 (IfkST) efj, --ig A. 277