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FRASER STRYKER VAUGHN MEUSEY OLSON BOYER & BLOCH, P .C ,
500 Energy PU ui 409 South 17th S treet O m aha, NE 6S1Q2-2C0
(402)341-6000 T elecopier (402)341-8290
PLEASE DELIVER IMMEDIATELY TO THE FOLLOWING
TV B i l l Snyder
COMPANY
TELECOPY#
(61S) 791-6567
. J1ME5hNT
5? 00 p.tft
-------- -----------------------
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If you experience any problems Id receiving these psgee, pleuc call (402)341-6000 HI soon as possible.
from? Stephen M. Bruckner_________ sE C R E T A J lY :_ _ i2 2 2 J iiS __________
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daus
2{7>$ u m m n t v g . non p n _ paOESj 1 (Including cover page)
CLIENT:_______OFPD/Bet.
RE_________________
COMMENTS;
B i l l - I am e n c. th e s ta tu te - -o f re p o se , Neb Rev. Efcat,
s e c i 5 -2 Z * . 'Wieifc! a r e 2 r e c e n t c r is e s u p h o l d i n g t h e s t a t u t e o f r e p o s e :
K adke v . H> C. Dav i s s o n s ' MT. 0 & ., 241 N e b , 21 r ____NW2d ( 7 / 1 0 / 9 2 ) a n d
s p u t e r V.' 'Jlty o r Linuv-m, '36 N&J. 1bhi"*U3
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G Q NFm ENTlAT.rr^N Q TE
Hie information contained in this cransmialoa Is attorney privileged and confidential; infonnation, intended only for the use o f the person named above. Any copying, distribution, or other dissemination of tills material ia prohibited, if you hive received this triMmission in error, please notify the sender by phono and return the original transmission to ut via U.S. Mail. Your cooperation is appreciated.
ii Tl: t
COMMENCEMENT ANP ^IMITATION o r ACTIONS ( 85*2351
i
(3) The 1Imitations contained in subsection (1), (2), or (5) of this section1 shall not b* applicable to indemnity or contribution actions brought by &
manufacturer or seller of a product against a-person who Is or may be liable to such manufacturer or seller for ell or any portion of any judg*,
merit rendered against a manufacturer or aeller.
|
(4) Notwithitanding the provisions of aubsections (1) and (2) of this sec* j
tion. any cause of action or claim which any person may have on July 22, j
1978, may be brought not later than two years following such date.
j
(6) Any action to recover damages based on injury allegedly resulting from exposure to asbestos composed of chrysotile, amosite, croddolite,
tremolite, anthrophvllite, actlnollte, or any combination thereof) shall be commenced within four yean after the Injured person has been informed
of discovery of the injury by competent medical authority end that such Injury was caused by exposure to asbestos as described herein, or within
, four years after the discovery of facts which would reasonably lead to such discovery, whichever is earlier* No action commenced under this subset
tion based on the doctrine of strict liability In tort shall be commenced or maintained against any seller of a product which Is alleged to contain or
possess a dnfoetivp condition unreasonably dangerous to the buyer, user, j
or consumer unless such seller is also the manufacturer of such product or I the manufacturer of the part thereof claim ed to be defective. Nothing In this subsection shall be construed to permit an action to ba brought based on an. injury described in this subsection discovered more than two years
prior to August 20,1981.
Sourest Lawn 1978, LB 665, $ 2; Laws 1981, LB 95, ft 3.
i
Tim* period* for brlnKinff suit art tended
by certion 6-SIS. L*w*en v. Ford Motor Co-.
225 Neb. 1S5 ,401 N.W2 d 256 ( 1M 7).
The it*tut* of re p w applicable to th* menu*
facturer Of in allegedly defective produn l>
contained Jo this fectiott and begins to run
When pQiMulon cf the product 1 first relln*
quiihtd for ultimate use or cemumpiiun, net
whan K U fM placid into th* rtream of com.
tntw by the manufacturer, WlthefsDOvn V.
Bide* Comir. Co., 1 Neb. l i t M2 N.WJd SS
(1883). On* who wronflully
k nuitriil fact
neeeiMry to the ecenul of a causa of action
against him, nod such ecneealmtnt cause* the
opposlts party udalay th flUngwf suit* cannot
avail himself of the *utui* of limitations as <UfnM- MacWilltn u, A H Robin* Co- 11
Neb. 335, 8 N.W,2d H 9 (1954).
Th 4-year lUtuLi of limitation! begins to I
run en the data on which the party who hold*
the cauit of action discover* or in the exercise
of reasonable diligeneo should tmvntlbuuvert'd. .
the existence of the Injury or ctom;iK*. Cohdwn
V.A.H. RokirCa,2nNeb.tiU.34U N.W ,2tU 22 I
(1POU.
I
Regardlnf an infant's ciuw of action far | prmiunU liability. section 23*213 tolls the ItSt* uu oflimiutiens contained in tubscetion (4) of
th(* ection, f*cbu v. Oreekett Products Co., flld Neb. 114, 94 N.W.ad 1 (l?l<>.
23-283, HcpoW . Law 1036. LB SS9. 58.
II
NebraskaAdvance Sheds
3 > 341 NEBRASKA REPORTS
Regardinga claim o f priqwEoefirmnaniastmcO'ongiveiLora trial courts refusal to grvt a tendered instruction, the instructions given most be read conjunctively rather than in isolation. I f the instructions given, when taken as a whole, correctly state th e law, are not misleading, and adequately cover the issues subm issive to a jur% there is no prejudicial . errorconcerning the instructions necessitating a reversal Rose r. C rtyoJLinaAn, sapm . . The plaintiffhas failed to show that the instructions given Co the jury, when Cake) as a whole, were misleading, contained incorrect statements o f taw, or failed to cover the issueso f the case. TbepUinCtfTwasnot prejudiced by thetrialoourtk refusal to instructon futuredamages.
Asto the plaintiffs argument that Cheevidence isinsu ffirient to supportthejory%verdict, tinscourt has stated:
A ervi! jury verdict will not be disturbed on appeal unless dearly wrong. /* <A verdict-is not to be set aside where the evidence is in conflict o r .where reasonable ' minds may reach different conelusions or inferences, as it is within thejury's provincetodedde issues o f fact.. . . \
. . . It is for the fury as trier o f the facts, to resolve conflicts in the evidence and to determine the weight and credibiEtyto be given to thetesthnony ofth c witnesses Juhcdron EnetgyJC orp.y. First NcL Rank, 236 Neb. 173.1 8 2 . 4S9N.W 2d718,727(1990). Furthermore, a jm yk verdict will not b e reversed on appeal as inadequate unless It is so clearly against the weight and reasonableness o f the evidence and so disproportionate to the briery proved as to demonstrate that it was the result o f passion, prejudice, mssUkc, or some other means not apparent in the record, or that the jury disregarded theevidence or rules o f hw . Bayv. H ouse,226N eb-521,412N-W.2d 466(1987). .... The evidence in this case justified the jury's award to the plaintiffbccausesbebad Dotcomplied with tbercquirancntsof the defaidanft benefit contracts and later abandoned her employment. The plaintiff wasnot eligible for health insurance benefits until she was examined ty the defendant^ physician. When the defendant offered the pTamtHfa teaching position on
FEB-22-1993 17:07 FRON
NebraskaAdvance Sheets . -
RADKEt. H . C . DAVISSONS* M FG .C O . O c a t2 < )IU .n
21
August 18 1983* she refused to consider the offer. IT* jury
could reasonably condudethat the plaintiffhad abandoned her
employment with the defendant and was not entitled to any
farther benefits under heram tracto femployment.
\. ;
The judgmentis affirm ed.
. ' :AmitMn>.- i
CRAtrr.J.;notporttdpaling. v:
.-
.iSER* STRYKER LflW HIKP1 TO
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.TERRVR.RAOKn.APPELlANT.V.H.C.thwisSONS-
M a JRACTUSINaC o^.INC-.AKiWSASCOW^RA^ON.AND f 1E ,
BOAROOFSEOENTSOFtltElJEffVEBSITYOFKEBIlASkA. APUBUC
BoorotHiroiuElA im i E $ . 7.7.
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PratcdiML WlU i l l tO ynr itijffc f iq n te b r pcojacb f a t t iy Ktiom
foond in Neto. Bcv. StM. f 2S-224(7) (Retsne 19*9) does mot
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Appeal from the DistrictCourt for JLancasterCbonty:Earl _ j . W m udT .Judge.A ffirm ed; ' ' --------- ,1 --------------------
, WilliamA. J5Vklsmd,ofTheHcal^WielaodLawFirm,ar
on brief Anne' EL.Winner, of Bruckner, O 'G an,. Keating,
^-Severs& Hendry. P.C^ fcrappellant.-- :-- . . -- * ^ 1 - .
M arklL Schacrand'W stdincH .O lsou.of Schmkl, Mooocy
: & Frederick E C , for appellee H . C. 7 Davis Sons*"
.TManufacturingCo. \*n;3y-^Gi 1.7.
:7 ,:7
H astwcs; C !J , Boslaikjh. WHm7 CATOiiilE^PwAKAii
^ GRAHXandFAinuminiCH.JJ.
77 .1i
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- This is a civil suit in which the plaintiff-appcIlaBCTfcrry R-
rTfcadfcc. seeksdamages for injtm csallegedly sustamed'when he'
* fell into a mixing machine designed and manufactured by the
i61?79^5*7 .>Pl0Q3/'?00
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D K W i j f l r t f K A liiU h r eU`
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FEB-22-1993 1 7 : 0 9 FROM ERASER* STRYKER LAW FIRM TO
Nebraska Advance Sheets 2J 241NEBftASK\KEPO<rn
defendant-appdlee H. C, DavisSons* MamTaefrring Co., Inc. (H . C. Davis). The Board o f Regents o f the University o f Nebraska is dsoanam ed defendant, thoagji itsor.ly interest is
m abrogation for workers* conr.pensatioi benefits pend by the nm ersitytolbcplaniiifr. See Neb- Rev. Stat. 4 M 18{Reissue J9B8).
The plaintiff^ negligence aid strict liability theories o f recovery areboth premised upen H . C. Davis* failure to equip
Ihe mixer in question with certan safety rcatureswhich would allegedly have ptrvetncd (be accident. If. C. Davis filed a motion for summaryjudgment whkh the trial court sustained based lipon Nebraska^ 10-yearstatute o f repose for products liatxliiyactions. Sec Neb. Rev. Slat- 25-224(2) (Reissue 19X9). Thisappeal followed.
factual background
OnNovember20, 1984, duringthe cotrseof he employment
in a work-cindy program at the U nivesity of Nebraske at
Lincoln, (he plaintiff fell into a "Davis Puccis: Mix Batch
Mixer, Modd No. S~20," designed and nrnmfaoturcd by H. C.
Davis. The plaintiff became so entangled in dire shaft and
agitator paddles that use o f an tcetylcnctorch was required to
extricate him.
-
The unrrariiy purchased tv * m odd 8-20 muiEig machines
from H . C. Davis in 1966, which machines were delivered ott
June 8 and 217respeonvdy. T h oe is no record cTH7CrDavis
setting theuriWcssxiyaijyother rrixos than the twosold in 1966.
Flrom this evidence H . C . Davis concludes,!* the plaintiff
_docs not contest thcconduston,thatfbeim nr nrolved in the
November 20,1984, accident ~s one o f the two. sold to the
universityin 1966..
C O N S T m m O N A L I T Y OF 25-2>4<2)
Section 25-224(2)provides;
.,
Notwithstanding subsection 0 ) o f tifc&xticn or any other
Mr-'.aoay pcoviAon to th : lvu;:::;' yypnd-ict hastily
.icrion, except o re &oveins! by seausn 2-/2$, Uniform
Cammerda! Code or by subsection (5) o: this section,
shall be commenced within ten years after (he date when*
the product which aRegpAy caused the pusonal injury;
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NebraskaAdvanceSheels
RADCEt. H- CLIMVISSONS4M FG.OO.
33 1
C fess3H N cft.2t
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death, or damage was first sold or leased fqr use or .
K:.: consumption.
'The plaiirfiffdocs notcontest rhefact that thiscaseinvotosa .
*product liability action,11 see Neb. Rev. Stat. 25-21,180
(Reissue 1989), nor Oat the period o f repose began to run in
June 1956, see Witherspoon v. 5rd!erOoiu/r. Co., 219 Neb. 117,
-362 N.W.2d 35 (1985) (statute o f repose applicable To'an
attcgedly<teftivcprodtxctbeginsioTun whenpossession o f the
product U first nefinqpusticd for ultimate use or consumption;
cot when it is placed w te th e stream o f commerce by-the'
manufacturer). Instead, the plaintiffbases bis appeal solely on
the alleged unconstitutionalityo f 25-224(2).
.
. Theplaintiffarguesthat 25-224(2) violates the DueProcess `
and Equal Protection Clauses o f the Nebraska and UlS-
ConSthuticms, Neb. Const, art. I, 3,-and art. HI, 18, and
UjS. Const,amend. XIV, as wellas the open courtsprovision o f -
the Nebraska Constitution, Neb. Const, a i t I, 13-.Recently;-
tinscourt considered andrqccted the sameargmnents. In Spilker v, Cky&fUmotn. 238 Neb. 183.4S9NLW.2d 546* .
(1991), the court reasoned(hat
"[tlhe humanity afforded by a salu te o f repose is a right
.. whkft is as valuable to a defendant as the right to recover
on a judgment is to a plaintiff; the two are but different
. rides o f the same coin. . . . These are substantive rights
---------recogrized-by-Nebtaskai-Iawrand-prctectcd- by- Hs
n :-Constitution."... . . w
i
if.- at 191, 469 N.W 2d at 548, quoting-C/Vots v. Anchor
_^ckm g,237,N b.56S,466.N .'W JdT 71.(1991).Bccause--the.----Legislatureis fine ta create and abolish rights so long'as.no
vestedrigbtisdislurted," and the plaintiffs failed tosTiow that .
tte 10-yearrepose period Iseither unreasonableor artritrarg,we
cpheld the constitutionality of 25-224(2) ictthat case. SpSker, r
238Neb. at 192. 469 N.W^d at 548. Today; we adhere td otir,; .
f revioiLsderiS'on. . . '
v ": V.1 `
Stemxnary judgment is proper when the cvidcnce ir. the^,
record discloses that there is no genuine issue o f material fact ; end the movingparty isentitled to judgment asa inaucro f law. -
WestNeb. Cetu Hosp. v.FarmersIns.Exch.,239 Ncb.281,475
N.W.2d901 (1991j. Havingresolved the legal issues adverselyto
16157916567 P.004/008
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warn Cf | te ftj]p i!* te t %te ^ e rrtS ^ K
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Huatd io tha w e. sib u i^ o r b t n t -
HbhK* SIKYKbK LHW hiKM TQ
S157916567 P.008/800
C f"
f 35-224
COURTS) CIVIL PROCEDURE
warranty on Improvements to real property or baaed on any alleged defi ciency in the design, planning, supervision, or observation of construction, or construction of an Improvement to real property shall bo commenced within four years after any alleged act |or omission constituting such breach of warranty or deficiency. U such cause of action is not discover*! and could not bo reasonably discovered within such four-year period, or Within one year preceding the expiration1of suchjfour*yeer period, then
the cause of action may be commenced within two' years from the date of such discovery or from the date of discovery of foots which would reason* ably lead to such discovoryi whichever is earlier.] In no event may any action be commenced to recover damages for an alleged breach of war* i-anty on Improvements to real property or deficiency tn the design, plnning. supervision, or observation of construction! or construction of an improvement to real property more than <:en yearn beyond the time of the act giving rise to the cause of action.
Source) Law* 1876, LB 485, 6 1,
Undir the dlrtovery principle a esutt of (Action it eonstltuticnil, Will],hi >. Ktrier*
action IKthlM lild the 2-yiar dUcovory pnwi* Connlr-Ct., SIS Nfe. 2M. 404 N.w.id S3 (lMfl.
i|nT7of
when liiw linj TliU section ijpplie* to An iVilon In tort far
(wen rlhftiwry of Im *i.'ortHiiulini ijir>1hIknf personal injunt* enuwd by Uin neyltfionf com
the Cftu(ifilttft of the rehirncc af lieu xul- rlrucifcm of o ImlHin*. Willi,.me *>. kmgery
flOltfll to pm ptreon at Ordinary (nicllifcnoe Coiujir. Ca-, 225Neb, 231. 404 N.W^d 3241937).
ivi pt-udanco an Inquiry which. If purtued, The period of| repose applicable to a |encfl
would Usd to (he difcttveiy, It Unot Mccotry cuunttorii found tn if.Usuction udLogin*u,
that the plaintiff hsva knowledge ef the ixki rwn whan aw tnution of th# trveture it com*
ntu/w er *ourv# *f 0 problem, but only plated. Wlthmsoen e. ftidrt Conitr. Ca, Sit
knowledge that the prftblim exUudt Beard of Nibi UT, 342 N.WJ2d U (ISIS).
Regents v, Uuidsr Coiwr. Co4MNtb-IU* 433 Whirs the plaintiff hn* of lathy aeaf
fi.W.Jd 4UIISSII.
problemmar* then f<mipyears before brlngiAl
Umfrr thb action, am u of actfnn ocmes, suit! the caukbof Action w barred- Kc*m*y
nd the statute of limitation Wtaa to run. Cllnle Bid* Cwp. v, Wiavtr, 2U Neb. 4sr, ais
when there hw been diiwvtty of TficVi wnitl* N.W.id U (ISIS).
tutlnf th tail# of th* causa of action or the Th statute af limitation for in action bawd
existence af fatti auffieiam to put * parson of on allegeddaflcienciciinimprovement! to rail '
ordlnotv intalllfanoe tftd prudence on inquiry propertydoesnot run durinf the time when th
which, Jf pursued, would lend to the discovery- plaintiff ie**mbly U not dteenvar the
Smith * SutUi Uautif. C*.. 32QMet,. 734, icterice of the cause of action Grand Island
N.W.id 495 Mttl),
School Dfit, # 2 V. Celotex Corp,, 209Nab. ft**
The 10-yeir psriod at ripowcontained In this 273 Pt.W.iA SOI.]
25-224. Actions on product liability. (1) AU product liability
Actions, except one governed by subsection (5) of thi* section, shell be
commenced within four years next after the daie on which the death,
injury,.or damage complained of occurs.
|
(2) Notwithstanding subsection Cl) of this section or any other statu
tory provision to the co n trary , any product liability action, except one gov
erned by section 2-725, Uniform Commercial Code or by subsection (5) of
this section, shall bo commenced within ten years after the date when the
Product which allegedly caused th e perso n al Injury* death, or demege wr*
first sold or leased for use or consumption.
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\ I
BRADLEY & M ERRELL JONES, JONES, CLOSE & BROWN, CHARTERED
Seventh Floor -- Bank of Am erica Plaza 300 South Fourth Street
Las Vegas, Nevada 89101-6026 (702) 385-4202
M E S S A G E F R O M X E R O X 7024: 7021 385-1 655 DATE: 2 A V f l
TO : f i a l f h /J/W /ey S f i
Jh F A X #,: 3 / ` f H 2 l - W 0
f lU -PHONE # : V i V 2 / - 0 2 3 ?
FROM:
O e L o f i ' d h d k U,
CLIEN T/M ATTER :
Nevada Power v. Monsanto
C L IE N T / M A T T E R NO.: 11927.2
DOCUMENT(S) DESCRIPTION: ^ o C ^ C O h O 'h 'iz ^
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MESSAGE: d e l i v e r m fr- d '/Q + e l'J
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BRADLEY * MERRELL
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TRANSMIT
CONFIRMATION REPORT
NO. RECEIVER TRANSMITTER DATE DURATION MODE PAGES
RESULT
001
13144210239 BRADLEY * MERRELL
FEB *23-93 8 :18 01 '44
STD 04 OK
FEB 23 ' 93 8:18