Document Qgapmx7BOZb3md6dRyJ7ynm8L

FILE NAME: CERAMICS (CER) DATE: 1939 DOC#: CER016 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article Abstracts - List Marked for Relevancy CERAMIC ABSTRACTS Compiled by The 'American Ceramic V o lu m e 1 8 , 1 9 3 9 Ross C. Penny, Editor M any J. G ibb Emily C. Van Schoici Dorothy J. Wallace Committee on Publicationj: J. D Sullivan, Chairman, W. W. WrNSHir, A N. FINN. E E M ajleaxer, R C Purdy Abrtrieien: J. B. Aurtin. A. A. A yan. L. R. Barrett. K. W. W. B anJett, A. C. Bevan. D. A. Biddle, W. H. Bruckner. P. Budnikov, J. C. Chaston. L. M. Church. W. M. Cohn. M. V. Condoidc, P. S. Dear, Maurice Delangre, R- W. Devillers, Joseph Ford, W. D. Foster, V. D. Frechette. J. L. Gallup, J. D. Gat. R. A. Gregory, Max Harteahcim, J. J. H aid . F. G. Heck, R. A. Heindl, P. G. Herold, G. M. H u tt. J. F. Hyde. Herbert Insley. C. B. Jenni, B. Z. Kamich. B. E. Kinkulkin. S. Rondo, Yosio Kora, W alther Kura, B. B. Tane. V. S. de Marchi, L. F . May. E. H . McClelland. J. M. Noy, J. G. Phillips. Alexis Pincui, M. E. Poor, C. H. Rapp, Katherine Reed, H. K. Richardson, B. C. Ruprecht, A. B. Searle. Stanford Setebell, G. R. Shelton. N. M. Shukri. H. E. Simpson, A. P. Som, E. Stefanowski. E. W. Stessei, A. G. Stern. Joseph Stewart. B. H. Strom, L. E- Thiess. Hans Thurnauer, F. V. Tooley, E. J. Vachuska. F. E. Vaeresrjrck, F. J. Zvanut. . Editorial O fiu : 2125 North High Street, Columbus, Ohio Publication O fiu : 20th and Northampton Streets, Easton. Pa. 18, No. lP3 C o t e r a i 39 .Scation ry - con nt .sia j tilts, feme coa provide :Oi. to tk prtcipi mg. G. 1 ,.718. Sep nf a slab! prep m of > molecula ri of siJicq ufficient non of sub ie temper h to trm h subst* y ry Anok tlicosis de etaU mon ; inbaiaticx and clinic of arufici* es not coo of sdicosis :d M H. X'.cncj an* [20] o7-5i *)i* *d by ;i tem -yen, esteasi of th e old m aterial ti \ro or three H ES V 5. Pub. article, rep- rt ^elective e m aterial a tiv e docu- 'ol has ienliog earures art / re-ource/ul bed Stress m en d ed te jv ienfibes sam inatioos to allow the .'ut process. FC R ix SlNGEJL iscusses ih t irs and the i with such iv m inerals er increased Ibid.. [5561 id shapes B ti'h Patent Process for he like or R.A.H. n. especially GrserMhyt* h r -h ID* ufilioi of aluminum du-i ax a fx ^il.k rcNjiiraiory ll' id resulted from the appearance in 1034 at the Oc- Panonal Disc. Clinic. Berlin, of a patient who bad been 'having aluminum brome for nearly a year and who nor'ed signs of a lung disease of a not very clear character r |y m 1934 an Italian doctor of the throat and no V - ; at tbc University of Rome published bis observa- linns upon the eflect of aluminum dust on the atr passages - r t present research includes (1) the components and ',, J r t i e s of the substance (which docs not occur in na^ ^ r , n metallic form but is the result of mechanical and hemical processes). (2) 30 ciutions of previous studies on he injunous effects derived from the- preparation of jhiminum and us industrial uses. (3) the detailed case- history ol the patient, with laboratory findings and Rent- ' _ tudies (4) an intensive investigation of /0 w orka'j m aluminum works, and (5) a c m ia l analysis of the kalian data. The baiards were found to be completis negative, both in the processes of making aluminum and Jrom inhalation of the.dust. . . . . . . r Inhalation of dust and control of dust hazards. W. C. I oSes Concrete, Cement M ill Ed.. 46, 200-201, 216-17 1Q38_Many person* inhale exceaiive dust into their lunzs With coal and iron-ore dust coloring the lung tissue. In most cases, however, these changes are of no more un- nonance than callouses on the hands Only two dusts actually cause diseases on inhalation, silicon dioxide (us ually quartz) and asbestos Only particles below 10 a jre effective, and th e must be breathed in high concen- ration and over a long period of time A safe maximum concentration is 5 million panicles of quartz dust per cu. fi The exposure of each man should be reduced to -.ariide-hours to be comparable The length of time iitcessary to develop silicosis is controlled by (1) con centration of dust, (2) proponion of free silica. (3) length o| exposure, and (4) general health of the employee. It .5 unusual to have silicosis develop in less than vert y a r s Dust should be removed at the source. ,D F - Occupational diseases of the tungs m agricultural^ work ers. Richard Faiccitt. Brit. Jour. Radiol., 11, >'8-92 Tune 1938).--In 193G, 749.700 persons were employed in he agriculture ol Great Britain, forming one of the largest orbing groups. F.. as a country practitioner in the hills of the Lake District, early became familiar with the ..gncuJtural types of asthma, bronchitis, and pneumonia hich usuallv ran a protracted course among th e workers. -.co\ try, when occurring, appeared largely due to potas- rum iodide and creosote administration^ The nifcctiOQS .he working people are subject to are listed as organic maitcr (microfuogi and bactcna) existing in grasses, straw, gTain. fruits, the soil, and in the excreta of farm animals; only occasionally docs inorganic m atter affect them, e ; , men carting siliceous stones. The details of lungi infection and the procedure in identification are bneffv and clearly given; types of fungi predominantly ifleeting six special groups of farm hands, e g., bay or grain urktrs. stablemen, gardeners, e tc , are described, wills In- resulting svmptoms and injury. Nine points to be lunmdered in a doctor's study of such cases are systemat- 'v'jllr presented for casc-bistory record Special com- t ', tit is made upon the agricultural groups, with citations 'mm case reports; 13 large-sire radiographic reproduc- i>'iis of chest phenomena in ihc various fungi invasions -"licensed arc interpreted for the lay reader. F . emphasizes 11ioe occupational diseases as rare, ldom reaching radiok-gical departments or diagnosis. Yet common micro fungi. often innocuous, do become pathogenic under cer- jiu conditions. The incidence of harmful infection is inure common and more widespread than is generally fialiu-d. 19 references. K.R. Practical significance of silicate research. A. D iet eel. C'teeh. Ber., 14 |5) 101-64 (1930). J.F .H . Prevention of disease In industry. D. H unter. Ind ' ' '"nit, 13, 134-36 (1937).--The mam principles undcrly- mCtbt prevention of disea in industry' Ric (1) protection 'f workmen by law such as workmen's compensation acts. - medical inspection under state support, (3) education io ihc nature of Ihc danger, (4! importance of clean liness ( r i c h nlinoxs of w o rk p l a t e s , LkxOiIj c l e a n l i n e s s , a n d g e n tra l h y g ie n t). a n d ( 5 ) re d u c tio n of m a n u a l o p eratio n s H.E S Preventive measures in the use of crystalline silica. M -M S hape* Ind. Med..7 18)472-75 (1938)--S. pre sents the subject sysicmaticaUy under three major as pects (/I) medical, (B) engineering, and (C) managerial He suggests that, before any protective measures in the u of crystalline silica are resorted to. the fact be estab lished that a silica hazard exists Data involved include (1) a definite exposure to dust known to contain a certain percentage of silica and (2) sufficient dust exposure, as estimated by dust count and dust composition, to cttise silicosis if the exposure is continued over a sufficiently long period of lime. In emphasizing (B ), S. states that it is entirely tbc problem of the engineer to prevent silico sis. The medical director can only check the adequacy of the engineer's methods of control. -R- Recovery metabolism of silicotici. A. BOuut. Arch. Grverbepalh. f t Cctaerbehyt., 8, 601-10 (1938).--B. re cords tbc metabolism studies and muscular tests applied to sUicotics in varying stages of the disea to improve their greatly impaired respiratory capacity and muscular action, if possible, and at least to record the success or failure of such efforts. Tables show a comparison of the metabolism of normal persons after 15 bendings of the knees (as in climbing s u it s ), after taking food, and after rest with the metabolism of the silicoucs (four having a lessened industrial capacity of 80% and six lessened to 50 or 60% capacity) Items tabulated include age and vital capacity after food and after rest; respiration, minute volume, and Oi requirement, the respiratory quotient, conversion n in %, and th e values after rest; and the 0> needs (cc./mm.) In the verest forms of silicosis, the total variation in the 10-min recovery periods was higher than the highest shown in norma! persons A ad ab sorption had not returned to normal after 10 min , while in normal persons it was completed in 3 or, at most. 6 min. The minute values of respiration in the most verely ill subjects was markedly raised after the work attempted, and even after the 10 min. rest, it did not attain its pre vious value. The higher the lessened capacity for work in pcrcenuge value, the more the records varied in vctc silicosis. Experiments on early or middle-penod sili- cotics showed fewer certain, unmistakable results.^ their working capacity being still much higher. K.R Research laboratoriei of Mellon Institute. H arry S Coleman. Ind. E n i Cbem . Anal E d . 10 [9] 550-58 (1938)--The design, construction, and equipment ol the research laboratories in the new Mellon Institute building are described in d euil. Illustrated. . F.G.H. Research laboratory of the Columbia Chemical Division of the P itts b u rg Plate Glaaa Co. Anon Ind. En Chem., Anal. Ed.. 10 (6 ) 329-30 (1938).--The physical equipment is briefly described. Illustrated. F.G H. Safety and hygiene in the foundry: I, Medical aspects R R. J ones. 7>atir. Amer. Foundrymen'j A n n ., 8 |2| 554-04 (1937).--The more important industrial health problems associated with the foundry industry are tb o related to (a) general physicaJ characteristics of the build ing. (i>) boukeeping practices, (c) drinking water supply and lunchroom and toilet facilities. Id) exposure to extreme temperatures, (e) exposure to toxic or irritating dust, fumes, and gases, and (J) medical supervision. Success m the control of industrial health hazards is primarily de pendent upon the employer's attitude toward the problem. DitcuMioe. J. A. Britton r r At. Ibid., pp. 576-88 H.E.S. Hermann August Seger. Anon. Bull. Amer. Ceram. Co:.. 17 [ll|4t>3-&4 (193S). Silicate research and engineering. Vi . E itzl. Z. ter. Deut. ln t,, 80 |2) 37-41 (1930).--The conditions and status of silicate research as carried out in the Raiser Wilhelm Institute in Berlin with regard to glass, ceramics, cements, mortars, and concrete and the relation to ap plication in practical engineering are explained. M.H. Silicoais among grindtra. J. L. A. Grout. B nt Jonr. Radiol. 11, 31if--70 (June. 1938) --Thi interesting , No. 2 1939 General 63 1and rt.' ' the eT all However, s are Te llers and 0 pboio-. 1 havim. a rnglt. it points sur(accs> Debye tbe (ora o X-rays e lengths e length, lifiracted .hat they the prill-.' n on the s formed .he roentm ad e in cam m ing ys where way that diagram , ler interf Debyed by re is turned the tiny, of curved- Roentjo ra to rits 16 11! 32 M.V.C. )ST .7 |S55| reedited; if ceramic chemical are men . book is R.A.H. materials. Iting Co.). a silicate:t. PtNNv 9. 1938 cCullocx .'.137.058. with high ih. Gevtr- lie authors uc to high jeh a t are water-conconditions, high tu n as such il >) decrease conditions er. so that I full time labor limit in the German hard-coal industry for dry atmospheric localities, is an arbitrary limit. In rcoeral. working capacity seems to be lowered by high temperatures to 00% values. The physiological reactions of men continually vary when climatic conditions grow constantly worse. Injury io health from dry and high temperatures alone can not be definitely established, the relation to humidity present always being a factor. Omit ting the heat factor, a humidity of 25* seems endurable. In regard to the elimination by tbc skin or lungs under high and humid conditions, results appear personal and individual. Greater water elimination occurs in men .edim ated to hot humid air than in those not inured. Men habitually rather than occasionally a t work elimi nate larger quantities of water. Rising temperatures in a drv climate and rise in humidity increase elimination of water through the skin. Individuals showed, in their elimination through tbe skin, none of the expected cor respondences which might be traced back to these chang ing environal states. In this investigation, bodily tern- peratures generally rose very little proportionally under higher outside temperatures and increased humidity. Blood pressure, respiratory frequency, and pulse frequency showed no quantitative relation to selected climatic con- ditioas. Fourteen diagrams and two tables are given. 18 references. K.R. / Dust content in an aabestosis lung and the behavior of v the so-called aabestosis bodies. N. Sunoics axd A. Bvcdex. Arch. Gewtrbepalh. 6* Gnrerbthyt.. 8, 26-70 (1937-1938).--This research upon the effects of asbestos dust when breathed in by industrial workers in asbestos was carried out by tbe State Geologist and tbe State Chemist of the Swedish Geological Survey. They indi cate the differences between the asbestosis lung and the silicotic, the former being due to the action of a basic silicate (isotropic), accumulating in yellowish or reddishbrown needle-like masses, and the silicotic being due to quartz (SiO;) degenerative action, exhibited in nodules and other quite different manifestations. Asbestosis was first identified in 1906 by an English physician, Montague Murray, of the English Compensation Com mittee of Industrial Diseases. The chief research studies since that time ate reviewed by these authors in their cumulative value. Their own procedure in isolating asbestos dust and its accompanying "asbestosis bodies" by treating the affected lung substance with hydrogen peroxide, also by purely mechanical action upon a "heavy" solution, is given together with the ascertained percentage values derived chemically from tbe eight or more mineral components of asbestos. For tbe entire lung, approxima tions were 5.6 g. asbestos bodies. 0.8 free asbestos needles, and 1.4 to tal asbestos content. T otal dust respired by the given lung was about 2.8 g. Some of tbe bodies built up in needle form were composed of titanium oxide (TiOi). Intensive study and analysis of tbe coverings of tbe bodies seem to indicate that they are blood derivatives after the mineral has entered the lung. Tbe fibrosis ultimately' and generally distributed through the lung following tbc dust inhalations appears to have definite relation to the presence of the asbestos needles and their movements about the lung under tbc mechanical stimulation due to respirator}- movements. 12 photomicrographs. K.R. Heinrich Ries. Axox. Bull. Amer. Ceram. See.. 17 112! 490-01 (1938). History of glass industry at Hew York World's Fair. Anox. Bull. Amer. Ceram. See.. 17 (12) 489 (1938). Hygienic dangers of nonferroui metals. H . B gacca. d/elalhriritckaft, 17 |32] 803-67 (1938).--B. discusses tbe danger* in handling Pb, Hg, Zn. Cd, As, Yb. Se, Te, Cr, Cu. Mn. light metals, W. Tl, and Os due to inhalation of dust or vapors or contact with each individual metal and "'vans for eliminating or at least minimizing the risk. M .H . Lung findings in foundry workers. O. A. Sakdek. W . Jour. Pub. Health. 28. 601-009 (1938).--Of the various occupations in foundries, sandblasting is tbc most "`farduus il done without protection; otherwise sand 'hipping and grinding of large castings arc the most danger ous in regard to tbc health of the employees. Data obtained during a four-year survey are as follows: 1- 5 6-10 11-15 1G-20 21-25 20-30 31-40 41-50 No. taploytti 1174 S12 602 532 365 208 215 47 Silicotic 0.5 3 5 10 O1A5 51 21 From this data. S. concludes th a t simple silicosis as seen in foundry workers is only very slowly progressive, so much so th at no visible changes appeared in four years observa tions. and is only rarely sufficiently advanced to cause symptoms and incapacity for work. Control of the foundry hazard is best accomplished by elimination a t its ourct of tbe dust generated by sandblasting, sand chip ping, sand grinding, and sbake-out operations. Pre employment and periodic examinations are essential to prevent tubercular individuals from carrying on a dusty trade and to discover new infection and reactivation cases as they arise. B.C.R. Selenium as a potential industrial hazard. H. C Dudley. V. S. Pub. Health Refits.. 53 |8j 281-92 (1938). --D. points out those industries which may have un recognized hazards due to tbc possession of selenium bearing materials. Increasing uses and applications of the element and its compounds necessitate the warning that in certain combinations selenium is toxic. Hence, in dustrial plants where these substances are utilized will need to afford their workers adequate protection. Sele nium is obtained as a by-product from electrolytic refining of copper: this is the chief commercial source. I u first use was largely confined to the glass and ceramic industries, where it was used as a glass decolorizcr and lor the pro duction of red glass and glazes. Rubber manufacturers next made heavy demands on domestic copper refineries: recent increased uses have not only exhausted domestic supplies but have required importation in larger and larger quantities. Tbe ceramic industry alone has utilized more than 170.000 lb. According to D,, new sources of supply will have to be opened. The occur rence and location in 21 states of 15 minerals, with tbe selenium parts per million, are tabulated. Tbe selenium content of the earth's crust has been approximated at 0.005%; nearly all sulfur and sulfide deposits contain it: certain western phosphate rocks show amounts of even 55 parts to tbe million. In a large number of soil samples taken from areas surrounding smelters near B utte and Anaconda. M ont., Kennet, Calif., and Copper Hill. Turn., selenium was found: it decreased in quanritity with distance from the smelter. Extensive animal experimenta tion by ingesting selenium compounds shows th a t such substances, when soluble, have toxic effects, both acute and chronic. Early cellular destruction occurs in the liver, with later pathological characteristic changes throughout the organism. Guinea pigs experienced severe metamorphoses in the liver and. after inhalation of hydrogen selenide, hypertrophy of the spleen. Men employed in copper refineries which extract or purify selenium display the symptoms, respiratory and gastric, which characterize metal poisoning generally. The excretion of selenium in the urine, however, is conclusive evidence of selenium absorption by workers. D. gives in detail the procedure for urinalysis in detecting and estimating selenium in the urine. In the tabulation of industries with possible selenium hazards, tbc glass and ceramic industries are in the secondary group, s-f.. they utilize selenium and i u compounds as basic materials in manufacturing processes. The immediate sources of hazards involved in this group are given as_melting pots and furnaces, the fumes of Se and SeOi being given off. The sampling of vapors and gaseous constituenu of in dustrial plant atmospheres and contaminations of labora tory workrooms is explained in detail in connection with loS Volumetric V i M. ,, oto analysis of Jour. Soc. Chtm. Ceramic , \ ~ n TM 1 I'T-l-lP Ind. Japan, * i.l - l ` Abstracts Vo!. IS. No (prepared at this time by m itini -0 cc of .0 u fu. v a c id a o d .K) cc. of ti .V sulfuric acid) Jh e -h u e pr< cipitate of cuprous chloride is formed, and sulfur d,os c< vas is expelled violently. Botltnf is continued for 1> "0 min to expel sulfur dioxide las completely and to a ;., ex cu s hydrogen chloride. To fill the flask with cart.,, dioxide. 50 cc. of J7o sodium carbonate solution are >drtt e . . ' - j : < ^ . a s i n n a < 4 S 9%A f h t f l u l i O f l l l ( i l f S l C d l ' * !. i .i e rv to avoid the precipitation of cuprous oxide. _i_ 0* solution containing about 0.10 f- of copper h ^ l d ^ t r " d" "oUows: pour the test solution into L so o ic flilh dissolve it in a small amount of water, and m 5E 'sh iftily cidl ekher wuh `^ ^ ^ dn r( make the Elution Colorless; add 50 cc. hot sulfunc acid about 3% sodium carbonate. I ne presence v* r . ->* M n'. etc", has no effect; therefore, no preliminary wpan non of these metals is needed. 1 fATEXTS Making alkali metal silicates. C. R M c D w u (Diamond Alkali Co.). V. S- 2.153.8.2. Apnl U . (M arch 7. 19*15). _ p . Production of polysilicates. Dessaux F a s F - > 732. Oct. 8, 1937, Chtm Z tt . 63 [191 1' 3 U9-W ^ g General Am conditioning in industry: I. W L ^ V x^ bex F StxCEY, F c H ov g k ten . AND M. B hE*OEXBEX u , ' m PiMnr & 4ir Conditioning, 11 [21 10. 11 0939) - T h if s tu d y was conducted in the research labora tory of the American Society of Heating and Vemdaung F n i^ n ^ fi at the Pittsburgh Experiment Station of the U s I u r A u of Mines. The physiological reactions of men w h u ila rty in g on light work twioitnhs rienlcaltuivdeinghuemffiedcittiivees o`'fXoO." 5T. anndd 7W%/c i . i ligated. The history of previous investigations t*^de*U ^ A p p e u in c e 'T a d prevention of silicoai* and ubettosis- E S " V t c u L i . Rats. Ind., 9 ,3 8 7 -9 4 (1 9 3 8 ). Chem. Abs.. 33, 2 2 (1939). A " AibertoriS" ' R. R- Save ano W. C. D u n u . Amer Jour Pub Health. 29 [31203 (1 9 3 9 ).-Ia a study of the North Carolina textile mills using asbestos fiber. a by drated magnesium silicate containing no o u a m . ptdmonary asbesiosis was the principal defect found. Ex p o ^ S ranged from 0.10 to 76 million particles/cu. fk Persons exposed from 5 to 10 yean to dust concentratmns exceeding *5 million particles/cu. ft showed .define* evidence* of asbestosis. Data so far obtained indicate t ? 5 mill" particles/cu. ft. is the m a x i m u m ^ ^ C e n rS c ^ filte ra . Arro.v. Chem. M e [London!. 40, 45 (1939).--A new range of porous ram ie filtering mate rials h ii been introduced by a Gla . ow finn. ceramic materials are resistant to corrosive fluids and are msdT witb*a pore size ranging from W ow one m ^ n u p to several hundred microns, the distribution of pores and txire'deasitybeing exactly regulated. The materials are prodi^wdl in a e a t variety o f . shapea-lhey can U sawed, cut, or ground to suit individual requirements-- and their mechanical strength and durability are very high. The materials. `quartzite. biscuit porcelain, and diatomaceous or kieselguhr bodies, are descrJb*d " ^ lows: (1) Quartaite filters m the form of `9 U * <* circular tile, of different thicknesses and sixes, and hollow cylinders from 2 in. to 6 in. in diameter and up to 24 m. loog are produced in several grades. yarying item e w e nained bodies of extreme permeability down to a closem in e d type with a pore size as low as 10 microns but or such high pore density that it tnsures.rapid permeability. The high rates of flow obtainable with these filters are exemplified by the P27 grade which gives a flowof 1700 gallons of water/sq. ft./hr. a t 5 lb. pressure. Quartzite fillers are particularly suitable for industrial filtering and aerating operations of liquids and fasts, especially wnert reiutance to corrosive fluids is essential and in reactions betw een liquids an d gases, as it presents the gasco. reactan t in*the form of m inute bubbles, thus giving m axim um surface for reaction. (2) used in filtering operations where it u necessary to * ri rate extremely minute particles from icid ico r other ccr0s,ve liquors. It resembles porcelain m color and c. position but differs from it in that it is highly Porou. I oore dimension can be regulated ui sue from 15 microS S ^ . w w S r 1 micron The nature of us ingeed-. and the temperature at which it is fired ensure resist to acids by the more siliceous ^ `es or tocaust>c ^ (where the alumina content predominates) bucporceUin is also used for e le e tro ly i.c p ro c x ise sm . filtration of oils and concentration ot robber latex. Diatomaceous or kieselguhr bodies, while less resisia- to corrosive chemicals than either biscuit f^rcelim quartzite, combine small pore sue with high and are used for the filtration of neutral or nearly n t u ^ liquids. They are usually employed in the (orm of eaed or hollow cylinders of smaU d u m eter. doved at one c.- or with both ends open up to a length . Floor* for induxtnalpurposea. - J -'fTiFrrFl^ `C^ . ,L. &. tie m.tal-working industry. FazrrAO. _ 141 35_m (1939).--F. discusses the danger of silicosu- men working with sandblasting. Poisoning by n iu ^ rases in oickling. etching, and coloring Pf?c*??. r jr S its in Cr plating, by Pb in Pb welding, by CO m oi acttylene welding, and by toxic d^'J ged " nr nd hardening processes is elso 3 ,ni i , d w S riT o f1"Henry l* C h * t." . r ( l - W ) - P ascal. B uU. S oc. Chim. A ir".. (1937); see BuU. Amer.Ceram.Soc.. 1 UI (| B Ceram. Abs., 16 110| 316-22 (1937). fATtjetl Rspairing c rm .n t for ctramie object*. E. RoszytkJBriLW o!575. Feb. 22. l939(Aug. 12, 1 9 3 7 ) ^ ^ L - Satin white pigment and f' , hnuJk^ i ' i ) L fr WoiX. V . S. 2.145.149. Jan. 24. sulfate together with coloring unpursues cliloany, raensidduree,acretimngovtihneg ceook->pru'n*fied solution ^wi[thh hydr'' hytu lime in the presence of the cl*y "**due-E T u c tIE . l r Tile lor u*e in sewzge fllur*. E- 500J78. Feb. 22. 1939 (Sept. 15. 193.).