Document QgQ4M7kejRnmwBJogNjONwLYE
FILE NAME Manville JMA
DATE 1950-1952 DOC JMA318
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Report - Quebec Asbestos Mining Assoc RE
Dust in Asbestos Mines with Letters & Memos
RECEIVED F.H.H
DATE BU ;
M.E.M
April 27 1951
3269
-
Mr. Ivan S^...bourin
Aldred Building
Montreal P.C.
.
Canada
Dear Ivan
Attached is a copy of the survey form which we have
prepared in connection with the asbestosis and pulmonary
cancer study As you know this study
concerns the chest
roentgenograms of cases in the files of both Doctor Cartier
and Doctor Sith I have forwarded copies of this form to the earing for their comments before we process a sufficient quantity for their use If you have any sugg-- B-
tions please let me know
With every good with
Sincerely yours
AV
Exc
Arthur J. Torwald M.D. Director The Trudeau Foundation and The Saranac Laboratory
ent
4
25821 a |
we
*
A
copy that the A copy of the letter ofof May from from Trudona
report
Trudona PULIONARY
that the first first interin
on ASBESTOSIS ANDPULIONARY
CANCER sup-
You portad by the Quebecreport MiningMining AssociationwasPULIONARY being sont Sup~
was being sont to
If you
I assume you have
could assume assume copy of
copies of it to Dr.
this
If If you
- Lean got ono
do
you Saranac
sufficient
copies
Copy Copy
J. P, Woodard
University Bellevue to Dr. Dr. Institute
Institute Institute
New New
University
477 477 York
New New York 16 New
Bellevue Medical
Cantar
be: 4, bc M.
PERSONAL
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IVAN IVAN SSTN MEADA'RRUGS MEADA'RRUGS NBAN 458TNTE45T8TNTET 458TNTET 458TNTET
MEADA'RRUGS
MONTREAL July 9th 1952
Paige Woodard Esq
Executive Offices
.
Manville Corporation Wi 22 East 40th Street
New York 16 N.Y.
Dear Paige
Re Saranac Asbestosis and Pulmonary Cancer
First Interim Report
I was away for a couple of weeks and
regret much delay in forwarding you the five copies
which you will find enclosed
Carmen and I hope much to have the pleasure to see you and Mervyl soon at the house There are many things to talk about
10/17 encl 5
Cordial regards
{i o
tc .
Ivan Sabourin
.
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HEPORT OF EXAMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC DUST COLLECTED AT THREE ASBESTOS MINES IN THETFORD AREA
October 31. 1952
Samples of atmospheric
three asbestos mines in the
dust vere collected at various
Thetford area as follows at
operations at the King mine
on April 29
Bell mine on
1952 at the May 9 1952.
Johnson mine on May 6 and 7 1952 and at the The sampling apparatus employed was the same
Manville as that used for the dust survey at the plant of the Canadian
at Asbestos Quebec on September 20 to 26 1951 and the samples
Company of dust collected were subjected to studies like those made on the
Manville samples
1. CONCENTRATIOCONCENNTRATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC DUST
The weight of dust shaken off each filter disk and the concentration
of atmospheric dust calculated from that weight and an nasumed average sampling rate of 40 cubic feet of air per minute are shown in table 1
II SIZE DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION FIBERS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC DUST
he distribution of fibers longer than 5 microns as determined by suspending each sample in alcohol and examining the suspension at a magnification of 1200x is recorded in table 2 Fibers shorter than 5
particles microns were not included in the classification because fibers and
of such small dimensions cannot always be differentiated from each other
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Thetford Mines Quebec Asbestos Mining Assoc October 31. 1952
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of fibers 20 microns or longer in size reported as
a per cent of all fibers longer than 5 microns extende from a mini
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of 19.5 per cent for sample J to a maximum of 43.8 per cent for
sample J For the Manville samples the corresponding values
were 9.5 per cent and 47.9 per cent
III
OF
FIBERS TO PARTICLES
PARTICLES THE
DUST
Besides making size measurements of the fibers the total number of
fibers longer than 5 microns and the total number of particles in each microscopic field were counted From the data the percentage of fibers and of particles in each sample was calculated the values are listed in
table 3. The percentage of fibers in the dust extended from 3.0 for
sample J to 13.0 for sample J This range of values is about the
sane as that reported for the N
nvillesamples
The number of fibers 20 microns or longer in size seemed to comprise
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a somewhat greater portion of the atmospheric duct samples from the Thetford area than from the Mamville mine at Asbestos Quebec Thus the long
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fibera longer than 20 microns made up more than 40 per cent of the dust
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in 3 out of 29 samples from the Thetford area but in only 2 out of 28
samples from the Manville mine Also 28 out of 29 Thetford samples
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but only 23 out of 28 Kanville samples had a fiber content
greater than 20 per cent Values on a per cent basle are given in table 4
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filmed Quebec Asbestos Nining Assoc
October 31 1952
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In order to obtain a single value which would indicate approximately
the concentration of long fibers at the different operations the dust
concentration table 1 was multiplied by the percentage of fibers longer
than 20 microns table 2 and the product for each operation and each
mine vas recorded table 5 An examination of suggest that a hazard from long asbestos fibers
the data would be
in table
greatest
5 would
in the
Johnson mine and least in the Bell mine with the King wine and the Johns-
Kanville mine occupying intermediate positions Since that rating of the
four mines differs from the rating derived from clinical experience with
workers exposed in those mines it is apparent that a simplified compar ison as carried out in table 5 is not justified and that a more careful
and detailed study of each operation must be made The method of esti-
iting total dust concentration in this study that is by weighing the dust collected on the filter paper disk and by assuming an air flow of 40
cu ft per min is only very approximate and is a possible source of
error
Furthermore the mumber of long fibers present in a sample bears no correlation to the weight of the sample since that weight may be influanced greatly by large particulate mineral substance other than asbestos
Thus it becomes clear that air samples must be collected in a manner which
will permit a total count of fibers per cubic foot of air and identification of the number of fibers below and above the mean length of ten microns
That information plus the occupational history will permit correlation
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Thetford Mines
Quebec Asbestos Mining Assoc October 31 1952
between the concentration of long fibers the years of exposure and the occurrence of asbestosis in men who have worked in the environment of the respective samples Unfortunately the data obtained to date does not permit conclusive statements regarding the respiratory hasard attending certain jobs We are examining certain samples in an attempt to learn
the relationship between the weight of sample and the total count particles
vo fibers greater and less than 10 microns in length and this make possible the calculation of the mumber of particles and fibers per cubic foot
of air Values derived in this way may not be entirely valid however
since the volume of air sampled which can be estimated only approximately is a possible source of error It may be necessary therefore to collect
samples using the electrostatic sampler technique This technique although more tedious than the filter paper method used in the previous program is a more precise one and will permit the actual count and measurement of par-
ticles and fibers collected from a known volume of air
If at all possible we would appreciate assistance in identifying the
approximate degree of respiratory hazard attending each of the job samples
Perhaps this could be accomplished in retrospect namely by spotting those
which job samples which have been productive of asbestosis and those
have
not From previous discussions with Dr. Ken Smith and Dr. Paul Cartier it
is our impression that from a chest point of view the respiratory baz-
ard attending certain jobs has some referance to the following
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Thetford lines Quebec Asbestos Mining October 31 1952
ABBOC
0 -
No exposure office workers etc.
2
Very slight exposure open pit
.
Slight exposure driller - open pit
driller - underground primary crusher skipper - out side
3 -
Moderate exposure
floor man
grader sweeper
cobber
4 -
Reavy exposure mill workers
5- 5-
Heaviest exposure
baggers
The impressions however are not supported apparently by the data
derived from our study of atmospheric samples collected by the filter paper
method For example the bagging samples Table 1 10F 10AK 10BK from
the King mine indicate a relatively low total concentration of dust per
cuble foot of air and except for sample 10AK Table 2 show no relative
increase in fibers longer than 20 microns which would make bagring more
hazardous than other sample operations operations
Attention is invited to these data with the hope that comment will be
forthcoming which will allow ultimate resolution of these problems
I -
What operations in asbestos are attended with high total dust counts particularly operations
associated also with high fiber counts
-
In asbentos what is the frequency
suspended in the atmosphere ambient to
operations in asbestos and what is the and below a mean length of 20 microns
of fibers certain
ratio above
ATV: gn
3
What is the frequency of clinically demonstrable asbestosis correlated with 1 and 2 above
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Thetford Mines
Quebec Asbestos Mining Association October 31 1952
Table 1
CONCENTRATION OF ATMOSPALNIC DUST AT VAJIOUS OPLIATIONS OPLIATIONS
AT T^ HEEASBESTOS MINES IN TILTFORD AREA
The dust samples were collected on filter pupor disks with a suction suction motor and ware forwarded to The Suranac Laboratory where the just wes suazen off and weigned and subjected to frequency studies
The samples were taken in April and May 1952
Sample number
Operation King mine
.
Weight of
Volume
Concentration
dust sumien | of air
of dust
off filter
zumpled
grans
cu ft
mg per cu ft
3 K
K 4
5 K
K 6
7 K
3
9 K
K 10
101 (K) 10B K
19 K
Secondary crassing Rock storage - catwalk Rock storage tunnol Distributor - 3rd fioar Primary screening - 2nd floor Fiber screening - 3rd floor
Fiberizing - jumbos Bagging - long fiber Begging snort fiber Bugging - fead to machine Graders - 3rd floor
Jounson
mine
1.270
0.317 4.503
11.302 4.142
3.127
10.094
0.176
0.650
1.945
1.157
2 (J) 3 J 4 J
5 J 6
J
B J
J 9
10 J
19 J
Primary crashing Secondary cranning Rock storage - cctual Rock storag0 - tunnel Distributor - 5th floor Primary screening - 3rd floor Fiber screening = 4ta floor
Fiberising - jumbos Bagging - feed to machine
Graders - 5tn floor
3.065
-[
11.095
5.500 4.438 3.626
1.035
1.387 6.896
1.204
0.890
1200
400
a0 600
600
500 400
1200
1000
600 600
1200 1200
200 600 1200
1400 1200
800 400 1200
1.1 0.3
5.6
18.8 6.9 3.9
25.2
0.1
0.7 3.2 1.9
2.6 9.3 27.5 7.4 3.0
0.7 1.2
8.6 3.0
0.7
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Thetford Mines Quebec Asbestos Mining October 31 1952
Association
Table 1 Continued
Sample Sumber
Operation Operation
Bell mine
2 B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 B 7 B B B
Primary crushing Secondary crushing Rock storage - catwalk Rock storage - tunnel Distributor Distributor - Sta floor Primary screening - 4th floor Fiber screening - 3rd floor
Weight of
dust stuen off filter
.
3.000 1.862
2.132
0.297
0.925
1.437 0.246
Volume of air
sampled
Concentration Concentration |
of dust
800 1400
600
1200 300 800 800
.
3.8 1.3
3.6
0.2 1.2 1.8 0.3
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Thetford Mines
Qu^'becAsbestos Mining Association October 31 1952
Table 2
SIZE- FREQUENCY COUNTS OF FIRERS IN ATMOSPHERIC DUST
COLLECTED AT THREE ASBESTOS MINES IN THETFORD ARRA
The dust samples were suspended in alcohol and examined at a magnification of 1200x frecq ountsu of fe ibersn fromc Kingy mine
Sumple member |
2 K
3 K
Length of fiber
Kieroos
per cent | per cont
4 K
per cent
5 8
6 K
7 K
For cent | per cent | per cent
5-10 10-20
20-30
30-50
50-80
80
48.0 2804 15.7
5.9 1.9
0.0
99.9
48.6 29.7
12.6
504 2.7
0.9
99.9
39.0 22.7
16.4
12.7
5.5
3.5
99.9
46.5
27.7 10.9
8.9
4204 28.0
13.5
7.2
3704
26.2
14.9 9.3
4.0
6.3
6.5
3.0 | 3.6 [| 5.6
100.0
100.0
99.9
Semple mumber } Length of fibor
microns
5-10 10-20
20-30
30-50 50-80
> 80
8 K
9 r
per cent
per cen
39.6 31.7
4405
31.7
13.8
13.8
6.9
5.0
6.0
2.0
fa2.3.0
100.0 200.0
10 K
101 K
10B K
19 K
per cent
43.9
30.2
12.9
6.0
403
2.6
99.9
per cent | per cent | per cent
38.5
22.2
14.4
10.6
45.1 27.5
11.8
7.8
40.7 27.8 14.8
8.3
6.7
409
5.6
7,6
100.0
| 3.9
| 100.0
| 2.8
100.0
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Thetford mines
Quebec Asbestos Mining Association
October 31 1952
Table 2 Continued
of fibers from
mns
Sample number Length of fiber
aicrons
5-10 10-20 20-30 30-50 50-80
80
Sample number Length of fiber
microns an
5-10
a
10-20 20-30 30-50 50-80
80
2 B
3 B
4 B
5 B
per cent
51,7
27.2
11.4 7.9
1.8
0.0
100.0
per cent | per cent | per cent
41.2
25.4 16.7
8.8
38.6 27.7 14.B
8.9
6.1
5.9
1.8 {| 4.0
100.0
99.9
39.8 30.1
13.6
8.7 4.9
2.9
100.0
6 B
7 B
8 B
per cant
41.6 29.7
14.8
7.9 3.0
3.0
100.0
per cent | per cent
43.9
32.7
26.2
23.6
14.9
17.3
6.5
10.0
4.7
8.2
3.2
99.9
| 8.2
100.0
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1950 WITHWITH
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Thetford rines
Quebec Asbestos Mining Association
October 31 1952
Table 2 Continued
Frequency counts of fibers from Johnson mine
Sample mumber Length of fiber
microns
5-10
10-20 20-30 30-50 50-80
> 80
2 5
3 J
per cent
per cent
55.8
2405
11.7 409
2.9
0.0
99.8
47.5
27.7
13.9 | 7.9 2.0
10
100.0
4 J
5 J
per cent | per cent
35.3 30.4
16.7
8.8 3.9
42
100.0
36.2
25.7 16.2
10.5
6.7
sl.
100.0
6 5
per cent
33.4
22.8 18.1
12.4
7.6 57
100.0
Sample number Length of fiber
microns
5-10 10-20 20.30 20.30 30-50 50-80
> 80
7 J
8 J
9 J
10 J
19 J
per cent
per cent
35.2
27.5 257 257
8.8
609
59
100.0
35.2 257 257
133 12.4
6.7
67
100.0
por cent
Fer cent
42.1
31.4
ah 7
7.8 2.9 10
99.9
39.3
27.0 15.0
8.4 6.5
| 37
99.9
per cent
32.3
25.5 196 196
10.8
6.9
62
100.0
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Thetford mines Mining Association
Quebec Asbestos October 31 1952
Table 3
RATIO OF FIBERS TO PARTICLES IN ATMOSPHERIC DJST
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CONLECTED AT THREE ASBESTOS MEIES IN THETFORD AREA
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suspended in alcohol seen at 1200x magrification Per cent of fibers and of parti les
| ASBESTOS
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AASSBBEESSTTOOSS
Sample
number
2 K 3 K
I 5 I 6 X 7 X 8 K 9 K
King aine
Johnson nine
|
Bell mine
Fibers | Particles
Sample
number
| Fibers
Particles Fibers m^ber
Particles
per cent | per cent
3.1
96.9 {1 2 J
5.5 | 9405 J
11.8
;
3
88.2 91.5
J 1 5J
3
94.5
6 J
per cent } per cent
3.0
97.0
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90.4
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92.8
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2 B | 405 | 95.5
3 B | 6.2
4 B |} 9.0
| 93.8
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5 B | 5.9 | 94.1 |
6 B | 5.5
9405
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93.4 88.4 88.4
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Thetford Minen Quebec Asbestos Mining October 31 1952
Association
Table
PROPORTION OF FIHFRS LONGER THAN 20 MICROMS IN DUST ATMOSPHERIC COLLECTED AT ASBESTOS PINES IN THETFORD AREA AND AT ASBESTOS QUEBEC
Proportion of long fibere longer than 20 microns in atmospheric dust samples
per cent of total fiber count
.
per cent
Per cent of included in long fibers
all dust samples each category of
that would be per cent of
King
mine
Johnson
mine
Bell
--... ----
Johne-
Manville
per cent | per cent | per cent | per cent
8
100
100
100
96
8
100
95
100
81
41
70
56
43
8
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20
14
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Table 5
Thetford mines
Quebec Asbestos Mining Association
October 31 1952
CONCENTRATION OF LONG FIBERS IN ATMOSPHERIC DUST
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AT ASBESTOS MINES IN THETFORD AREA AND AT ASBESTOS QUEBEC
The values in this
concentration table 1
table were oltained oltained by multiplying the total dust by the percentage percentage of fibers longer than 20 microns
table 2
Sample number
Operation
N
Primary crushing
3
Becondary crushing
4
Rock storage - catwalk
5
Rock storage - tunnel
6
Distributor
7
Primary screening
8
Fiber screening
aga
Fiberizing
aga
Bagging
19
Graders
Concentration of fibers longer than 20 microns
co per ca. ft of air
King | Johnson | Bell | Manville
0.3
0.5
0.8
0.7
0.2
2.3
0.4
1.8
0.3
9.5
1.2
1.5
1.4
2.8
0.1
0.3
5.8
1.3
0.3
0.7
2.5 2.1
6.0
0.3 0.5 2.2
0.5
0.1
1
3.0 2.3 0.7
0.0
1.0
-
0.1
0.6
0.3
1
0.8
CIRCAQAMAASBESTOS
QAMA
ASBESTOS
1950WITH&
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f
C.MMOGE
wink next
convent
convent
-
Hospital
June
1950
On June 12th Dr. Cartier and I visited Dr. Lansa at his Institute of Industrial
- Medicine in New York We met Dr. Helson of the Institute and Dr. William Smith
of Memorial and Kettering The problem of asbestos and lung cancer was
discussed and these man were asked if it would be possible to carry out some
research in this field
Materials to be used in any experiments would probably be
1 - Three types of pure fibres
a b c
Viny M or King South African Blue and Munroe
These fibres should be used in two lengthsi
1 - Short 2-3 aicrons Long - 15-50 microns
11 - Atmospheric asbestos and rock dust samples taken at the breathing
leval of workers in the mills
i Dr. Lanza and his group will prepare a program for experimental studies 2approximate length of time it will take for the study and the cost Dr. : and I will receive copies of this proposal
the
Cartier
On June 13th I visited Dr. Vorwald in Saranac Lake and asked him to submit a
p; rogram similar to that of Dr. Lansa When these two programs are received
Dr. Cartier and I will be able to make recommendations to the Q.A.M.A.
Today it is impossible to say whether the research program should be carried out at Saranac or New York or the two centres in collaboration Possibly no animal
' experimenta>forpublication should be contemplated today but rather we should have a statistical survey of our men and rays as well as the general population
in our two towns No one knows the cause of cancer in the lung and it is impossible
to correlate absolutely the findings in animals and humans in this field For this reason it may be advisable first to study our people who live and work in the dust
A further report will be made when the recommendations to the Q.A.M.A. are ready
h.n
Kenneth W. Smith M.D.
CC K. V. Lindell
A. R. Fisher GHQ Box 91
J. P. Woodard GHQ Box 91
Privileged
Insurer Acest
PRODUCED
Confidential
General Headquarters August 17 1950
S G. K. Foster - Montreal
Cancer Research
Please excuse the delay in commenting on
was due to my inability to find a former
liminary fashion the idea that was to be
your letter of July
letter which set up followed
28 which
in pre-
Attached is a copy of a letter of June 19 from Dr. K. W. Smith to C. M.
Me^ awwhich I m sending to you inamuch as it appears that you did
not receive a copy This was Dr. Smith's suggestion as to the setting
up of the program and you will note he was to receive from Dr. Vorwald
and from Dr. Lanza separate suggested programs on the basis of which
may have additional information since he wrote this letter
I expect to see Dr. Lansa in a day or two and will ask him what he knows about it as of this time and will pass on to you any informatIimoany
We should like to be kept in touch with the developments and should hope we could have it reviewed with Dr. Langa before a program is undertaken
provided that is considered the proper approach in the matter
You mentioned that we are to bear a considerable portion of the expense and inasmauscDrh. Lanzias alvising with us on such problems I think it would be helpful if we could have his advice
I have not discussed this with Mr. Fisher recently but I believe his viewpoint is the same as that I have expressed here
ene
eer A. R. Fisber
Privlegd
Privileged
inserer
Except
J. P. Woodard
PRODUCED
FILE COPY
Cancer Research
WithWith my letterletter of August 17 replying to yours of July 28 I sent you
a
McGew
Sith's mentioned that Dr. Lanse
progrnaimght studies
experimental program seen have Directors
could for this
should
information least
has
definite oportunity further
Expert Expert
Expert
1.
Fisher
C. M. Medew Asbestos
J. P. Wesdard
AJL
The meeting of the Q. A. M. A. is to be about September 20th
I judge your suggested program can be sent in shortly from what
you said here the other day
JPW
PRODUCED
JM - 83
COPY
CONFIDENTIAL
C. M. McGaw
Hospital
August 31 1950
Pulmonary Malignancy
I am enclosing copies of a letter and contract received from Dr. Lanza It will be noted that Dr. Lanza has agreed with Dr. Cartier and I that the
program should consist of two parts
1 - An epidemiological or statistical study
4
2 - Animal experiments consisting of
a Inhalation experiments
b Implantation or injection
I still believe that the statistical study can be carried out by a Canadian
authority and thus be more acceptable to various groups in this Province
inhalation Also I believe that the best results from
ed through the Saranac Laboratory
studies will be obtain-
Concerning the Implantation Experiment Program proposed by Dr. Lanza I believe that their methods are sound and the results will be scientifcally interesting
I would prefer to make no decision until the Saranac proposal is received
The contract appears to leave little choice to the Donor if the results of the
study are unfavorable to Company interests and are submitted for publication However I fail to see how they can find anything more unfavorable than that which already has been published by Merewether and Heuper
1
CC - K. V. Lindell
Except
JM
-
83
Confidential
_
|
Fu
September 1 1950
1/30
Industrial Hygiene Asbestos Asbestos and Lung Cancer
Dr. Cartier and Dr. Smith
and were later in Saranac Dr. Vorvald the matter of
whether asbestos produces
were hare in New York several
discussing with Dr. Lansa and
the proper program that would
lung cancer
months ago
with
determine
Dr. Lanza was to miggest to Dr. Cartai ndeDr r. Smith what he thought would be the best approach and Dr. Vorwald was to do the same It
was later to be determined what program would be undertaken
Attached is my copy of the report made by Dr. Latn o tg he s two
doctors
After you have had a chance to review this report would you please
Hu it g to Hh ugh Jackson who can in turn give it to me
001 H. M. Jackson
J. P. Woodard
PRODUCED
JM PRODUCED