Document QgJ7wMB1xpE856qJb70DkyOjk

TOXIC SUBSTANCES vio: 31:8335 8 1910,1017 Vinyl chloride, <> Scope and application, <i> This section Includes requirements for the control ot employee exposure to vinyl chloride (chloroethene), Chemical Ab stracts Service Registry No. 75014. (Section 1910.93q(a) (I) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3, 1974; I910.93q was redesignated as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975( (2) This section applies to the manu facture, reaction, packaging, repackag ing, storage, handling or use of vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride, but does not apply to the handling or use of fabri cated products made of polyvinyl chlo ride. (3) This section applies to the trans portation of vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride except to the extent that the Department of Transportation may regulate the hazards covered by this sec tion. (b) Definition*. (1) "Action level" means a concentration of vinyl chloride of 0.3 ppm averaged over an 8-hour work day. (2) "Assistant Secretary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupa tional Safety and Health, U.S. Depart ment of Labor, or hie designee. (3) "Authorized person" means any person specifically authorized by the em ployer whose duties require him to enter a regulated area or any person entering such an area as a designated representa tive of employees for the purpose ot ex ercising an opportunity to observe moni toring and measuring procedures. (4) "Director" means the Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, or his designee: (5) "Emergency" means any occur rence such as, but not limited to, equip ment failure, or operation of a relief de vice which Is likely to. or does, result In massive release of vinyl chloride. (8) "Fabricated product" means a product made wholly eg partly from polyvinyl chloride, and which does not require further processing at tempera tures, and fnr times, sufficient to cruse mass melting of the polyvinyl chloride resulting In the release of vinyl chloride. (7) "Hazardous operation" means any operation, procedure, or activity where a release of either vinyl chloride liquid or gas might be expected as a consequence of the operation or because of air accident in the operation, which would result in an employee exposure in exceti of the permis* able exposure limit. (Section 1910.93q(b) (T) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3, 1974; Section 1910.93q was redesignated at 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 197J( (8) "OSHA Area Director" means the (1) Vlnvl chloride or polvvinyl chlo-ioe Director for the Occupational Safety is manufactured, reacted, repackaged, and Health Administration Area Office stored, handled or used; and having jurisdiction over the geographic (11) Vinyl chloride concentrations are area in which the employer's establish in excess of the permissible exposure ment is located, limit. (9) "Polyvinyl chloride" means poly vinyl chloride homopolymer or copoly mer before such is converted to a fabri cated product "(10) "Vinyl chloride" means vinyl (2) Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorized persons. A daily roster shall be made of authorized per sons who enter. it) Methodi of compliance. Employee chloride monomer. (c> Permissible exposure limit. (1) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chlo ride at concentrations greater than 1 ppm averaged over any 8-hour period, and (2) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chloride at concentrations greater than 5 ppm averaged over any period not exceeding 15 minutes. (3) No employee may be exposed to vinyl chloride by direct contact with liquid vinyl chloride. <d> Monitoring. U > A program of initial monitoring and measurement shall be undertaken in each establish ment to determine if there is any em ployee exposed, without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the action level. (2) Where a determination conducted under paragraph (d)(1) of this section shows any employee exposures, without regard to the use of respirators, in ex cess of the action level, a program for de termining exposures for each such em ployee shall be established. Such a pro exposures to vinyl chloride shall be con trolled to at or below the permissible ex posure Hm<t provided In paragraph (c` of this section by engineering, work prac tice, and personal protective controls as follows: (t) Feasible engineering and work practice controls shall Immediately be used to reduce exposures to at or below the permissible exposure limit. (2) Wherever feasible engineering and work practice controls which can be In stituted immediately are not sufficient to reduce exposures to at or below the per missible exposure limit, they shall none theless be used to reduce exposures to the lowest practicable level, and shall be supplemented bv respiratory protection in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section. A program shall be established and Implemented to reduce exposures to at or below the permissible exposure limit, or to the greatest extent feasible, solely by means of engineering and work practice controls, as soon as feasible. gram: (3) Written plans for such a program (1) Shall be repeated at least monthly shall be developed end furnished upon where any employee is exposed, without request for examination and copying to regard to the use of respirators. In ex authorized representatives of the Assis cess of the permissible exposure limit. tant Secretary and the Director. (il) Shall be repeated not less than, plana shall be updated at least every six quarterly where any employee is exposed, month*. without regard to the use of respirators, in excess of the action level. 's> Respirator* protection. Where (ill) May be discontinued for any em ployee only when at least two consecu respiratory protection Is required under this section; tive monitoring determinations, made not (1) The employer shall provide a less than S working days apart, show ex respirator which meet* the requirements posures for that employee at or below of this paragraph and shall assure that the action level. the employee uses such respirator, except (3) whenever there has been a pro that until April I, 1976, wearing ul resptra- duction. process or control change which k tors shall he at the discretion of each em may result in an increase in the release ployee tor exposures not in excess of 25 of vinyl chloride, or the employer has ppm, measured over any 15-mimiu- period. any other reason to suspect that any em ployee may be exposed in excess of the action level, a determination of employee exposure under paragraph (d) (1) of this section shall be performed. (4> The method of monitoring and measurement shall have an accuracy (with a confidence level of 95 percent) of not less- than plus or minus 50 percent from 0.25 through 0.5 ppm, plus or minus Until April 1. 1976, each employee who chooses not to wear an appropriate respirator shall be informed at least quarterly of the hazards of vinyl chloride and the purpose, proper use. and limitations of respiratory devices. ISeetkm I910.93q(g)(|) amended at 40 I K 13211, March 25. 1975; Section 1910.93q was redesignated 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 19751 35 percent from over 0.5 ppm through (2) Respirators shall be selected from 1.0 ppm, and plus or minus 25 percent among those Jointly approved by the over 1.0 ppm. (Methods meeting these Mining Enforcement and Safety Admin accuracy requirements are available in istration, Department of the Interior, the' "NIOSH Manual of Analytical and the National Institute for Occupa Methods"). tional Safety and Health under the pro (5) Employees or their designated rep visions of 30 CFR Part 11. resentatives shall be afforded reasonable opportunity to observe the monitor ing and measuring required by this paragraph. (3) A respiratory protection program meeting the requirements of 11910.134 shall be established and maintained. <e) HeguMfed area. (1) A regulated (4) Selection of respirators far vinyl area shall be established where; chloride shall be as follows: 11*11-76 Copyfttl 1976 by Ths Bureau o( National Affairs. Ine. (Sec. 1910.1017(gl(4)l UCC 093994 n I j Li Li Li 31:8336 REFERENCE FILE Atmotp/terte ooncentrutUm of , 1, vtwpf oklorida O^JMi Jtsqvtrsd apparatus (I) Unknown. or ilwn *.#00 ppm._ Opan-ciieuit, saU-oootalnsd hmotlilnt apparatus, prvonm demand typa. with full tuMlaoik (II) Not ant 1AM ppou.-------------- (A) Combination typo o xuppUad Hr rwplrator, pr--. ran dsmanrt typo, wltb full or hall fa--plooo, and auxiliary Mif-containsd air supply; or (111) Not over 1,000 ppm. (B)Combination Typ- C, supplied air respirator continuous flow type, full or halt facepiece, andi auxiliary self-contained air supply. Typo c. (applied air respirator, continuous flow type, with full or half face* * piece, helmet or (iv) Not over 100 ppm(v) Not ovet 25 ppm --- ... (A)I^SohmUoa type C suppUad air raaplrator so. aaiMI typo, with run faoaplaco, and auxiliary alf-ooutalcad air supply; or (B) Opsn-otrcult Mlf-oontaiuiod brsathinc sppsratue with full faoapla--. in dimand mods; or (O Typa C supplied air respirator, demand typo, with full fionkol. (A) A powarad alr-purifylnf respirator with hood, helmet, full or hail fsoaplsoa, and a oanlster which provldM a aortic* Ufo of at least 4 hours lor oonoenratlone at vinyl chloride up (vi) Not ovet 10 ppm---- (B) das nuSEfibont- or book-mounted canister wbioto ' provides a ssrvtoe Ills of at least 4 hours fee conoetitrations of vinyl chloride up to 39 ppm, (A) Combination typa O supplied-air respirator, Oa"ad type,- with half faosplaoe, and auxiliary self-contained air supply: or (B) Type C supplled-alr respirator, demand typa, with half facepiece; or (O) Any chemical cartrldee respirator with an orcanlo vapor cartridge which provld-- a service life at at least 1 hour lor oonoentretlons of vinyl chloride up to 10 ppm. [Section 19lQ.93q (4) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3. 1974 and redosignaled as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 230T2, May -28, 1975} chloride in excess of the permissible limit and necessary protective steps; (iii) The purpose for. proper use, and limi tations of respiratory protective devices; |Section 1910.93q(j)(l)(iii) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3. i974.and redesignated as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975| (lv) The Are hazard and acute toxic ity of vinyl chloride, and the necessary protective ateoe; (v) The purpose for and a description of the monitoring program; (vl) The purpose for, and a descrip tion of. the medical surveillance niokrain: <vil> Emergency procedures; (vllD Specific Information to aid the employee In recognition of huswm trtjkh may result In the release of vinyl chloride: and (lx) A review of this standard at the employee's first training and indoctrina tion program, and annually thereafter. (2) All materials relating to the pro gram shall be provided upon request to the Assistant Secretary and the Director. (k> Medical turoeillance. a program of medical surveillance shall be Insti tuted for each employee exposed, with out regard to the use of respirators, to vinyl chloride In excess of the action level. The program shall provide eech such employee with an opportunity lor examinations and tests in accordance with this paragraph. All medical ex aminations and procedures shall be per formed by or under the supervision of a licensed physician, and shall be provided without cost to the employee. (5) (i> Entry Into unkown concentra tions or concentrations greater than, 38,000 ppm (lower explosive limit) may he made only for purposes of life rescue; and (11) Entry Into concentrations of less than 38,000 ppm, but greater than 3,800 ppm mag be made only for purposes of life rescue, firefighting; or securing equipment so ea to prevent a greater hazard from release of vinyl chloride. (8) Where atr-purlfylng respirators are used: (I) Air-purifying cennlsten or car tridges shall be replaced prior to the expiration of their service life or the end of the shift In which they are first used, whichever occurs first, and (II) A ccnttnuoue monitoring and alarm system shall be provided where concentration* of vinyl chloride could reasonably exceed the allowable concen trations for the devices In use. Such sys tem shall be used to alert employees when vinyl chloride concentrations exceed the allowable concentrations for the devices In use, (7) Apparatus prescribed for higher concentrations may be used for any lower concentration. (h> Haaardom operation*. (1) Em ployees engaged In hazardous operations, including entry of vesitls to clean poly vinyl chloride residue from vessel walls, shall be provided end required to wear end use; (1) Respiratory protection In accord ance with paragraphs (c> and (g) of this section; and (11) Protective garments to prevent (1) At the time of imi assignment, ois contact with liquid vinyl chloride or or upon institution of medical surveil with polyvinyl chloride residue from lance: vernal walls. The protective garments (1) A general physical examination shall be selected for the operation end. its possible exposure, conditions. (2) Protective garments shall be pro vided clean afid dry for each use. (13 Xmmvemat MtneHon*. A written operational phut for emergency situa tions shall be developed for each faculty storing, handling, or otherwise using vinyl chloride ee a liquid or compressed gas. Appropriate portions of the plan shall be implemented in the event of an emergency. The plea shall specifically provide that: (1) Employees engaged In hasaidous operations or correcting situations of ex isting hxsardou* releasee shall be equipped as required In paragraph (h) of this section; shall be performed, with specific atten tion to detecting enlargement pf fiver, spleen or kidneys, or dysfunction In thwe organs, and for abnormalttas In skin, connecttvs tissues and the pulmonary system (See Appendix A). (11) A medical history shall be taken. Including the following topics: (A) Alcohol intake; (B) Past history of hepatitis: (C) Work history and past exposure to potential hepatotoxle agents. Includ ingdrugs andchemicals: (D> Past history of blood transtaglow; mnfft (E) Past history of hospitalizations. (ill) A serum specimen shall be ob tained and determination* made of: (A) Totalblltrupn; (2) Other employees not so equipped (B) Alkaline phosphatase; shall evacuate the area and not return (C) Serum glutamic oxalacette trans until conditions are controlled by the aminase (SOOT): methods required in paragraph (f) of this section and th# emergency la abated. (J) Trotntno. Each employe* engaged in vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride operations shall be provided training In a program relating to the haaarde of vinyl chloride and precautions for it* (D) Serum xlutamlc pyruvic transam inase (SOFT); and (E> Oamma glustamyl transpeptidase. (2) provided In accord ance with this paragraph shall be per formed at least: USAs (I) Every 8 months for each employee (1) The program shall include: who has been employed In vinyl chlo (I) The nature of the health hasard ride or polyvinyl chloride manufacturing from chronic exposure to vinyl chloride for 10 yean or longer; end Including spectficelly the carcinogenic (II) Annually for all other employee#. haiard; (3) Each employee exposed to an (II) The specific nature of operation# emergency haii be afforded appropriate which could result in exposure to vinyl medical surveillance. Occupational So(aty A Haalth Raportar [See. 1B10.1017(kH3tI UCC 093995 TOXIC SUBSTANCES S-lo* 31:8337 (4) A statement of each employee's suitability for continued expoeur* to vtnjl chloride including uaa of protec tive equipment and respirators, shell bo obtained from the wemintng physician promptly after any eanmlnation. A copy of tha physician's statement shall be pro vided each employee. (#) if any employee's health would be materially impaired by oontlnued ex posure, such employee shall be with drawn fan nomtttle oonteet with vinyl chloride. () laboratory inslyeee for all blt^ logical specimens tMtars-s in medical examinations shall be performed In labo ratories licensed under 43 CPU Part 74. (7) If the examining physician deter mines that alternative medical examina tions to those required by paragraph (k)(l) of this section will provide at least equal assurance of detecting med ical conditions pertinent to the exposure to vinyl chloride, the employer may ac cept such alternative *TMntnettn* as meeting the requirements of paragraph (10(1) of this section, if the employer obtains a statement from tha --M*wtny phyaMan setting forth the alternative examinations and the rationale for substttoticm. This statement, shall be avail able upon request ter *--*""*"" and copying to authorial representatives of the Assistant Secretary and the Director. (1) Slant end label*. (1) Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with leg ible rigng bearing the legend: (Station^* d) (1) amended at 39 FR 41148, December 3, 1974 and redesignated ai 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28. 197JJ (3) Areas containing hexardoue oper ations or where en emergency currently eatito shall be posted with legible signs btutaf ttat ligand: [Section 1910.93q 0X2) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3, 1974 and rededgnetod as 191X1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975) ( Containers of pcfyvlnyi chloride resin waste from reactor* or other waste vltb Tiny! ituS be legibly labeled: [Section 191Q.93q (1) (3) amsaded at 39 FR 41848, December 3, 1974 and redesig nated as 19iai017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975] (4) Containers of polyvinyl chloride shallbe legibly labeled; Petworn. CnxoeiDB (os TXsee Karas) Contains rector. Any changes to such information shall be reported within 15 days. vnrva oaurns vwn Caum a a (1) The eddrwe and location of each Anar establishment which has one or more (8) Containers of vinyl chloride * regulated areas; and be legibly labeled ettfaar: (U) Tim number of emplnrone In each (1) vam i tmamr nrsruas Oas ossa : regulated area during ncmnal operations, luoloding oMyntuttoi* (3) Emergencies, and the facts ob- ffl*TTTT*rV^ ii time, b mwtw <* (ti) In accordance with 49 CFR Pxrtt 170-189, with the additional kpnd: Cixcia-SusncT Aomnr applied near the label or placard. [Section 1910.93q (1) (5) (ii) amended at 39 FR 41848, December 3, 1974 and redetignated at 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28. 1975] (8) Ho statement shall appear on ar near any required sign, label or Instruc tion which contradicts or detracts from the effect of. anr required warning. Infccmation or instruction, within 34 hour* to the OSHA Area Di rector. Upon request of the Area Direc tor, the employer shall submit mdietfMi Information in writing relevant to the nature and extent of employee exposures and measures taken to prevent future emergencies of similar nature. (3) Within 10 working day* following any monitoring and measuring which discloses that any employee has been exposed, without regard to the use of respirators In excess of the permissible exposure limit, each such employee shall (m> Record*. (1) AX records main be notified In Writing of the results of tained In sccrirdanc* with, this section the exposure measurement and the steps jian [m-iiirf* the name end seeur being taken to reduce the exposure to rity number of satis employee wherd within the permissible exposure limit. relevant, (3) Records of required monitoring and measuring, medical records, end au thorised personnel roster*, shall be made (Section 1910.93q (n) (3) amsaded st 39 FR 41848, December 3. 1974; Section 1910.93a wss redcrignsted 1910.1017 st 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975] and shall be available upon request for examination and copying to authorised (o) Effective datea (1) Until April 1, representatives of the Assistant Secre 1975, the provnjons currently mt forth in tary and the Director. (1) Monitoring and measuring raourdh Sec. 1910.93q of tha Part shall apply. (Ed. note: Thb paragraph refers to the emergency shall: (A) State the date of such monitor- temporary standard 12343] published at 39 FR tag t measuring TMi the concentra tions determined and Identify tha Inatnv- (2) Effective April 1, 1973, the provtoona set forth in Sec. 1910.93q of this Part shall mante and methods used; ini th-iimu my -aiihmisi informa !S& 1910.93q(oKl> and (2) amended st tion necessary to determine todMduai employee exposures where each expomm nf rttfrtra+Tunt by ihmw Athtf then individual monitoring of employees; 40 FR 13211. March 25. 1975; Section 1910.93q was nrierignsted 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 1975] <07 Be wieurteiweit for not lees than (S^Authorixed personnel roster* shall be maintained for not lees than 30 year*. tabled for the duration of the employ ment of each employee pins 30 years, or 80 year*, whichever le longer.. (I) m the even* that the employer cesses to do badness end there le no successor to receive and retain hie rec ords for the prescribed period, thee* rec ord* shall be transmitted by registered mall to the Director, and each employee buttvlduaUy notified In writing of this transfer. (4> Employees or their designated representatives shall be' provided access to siM end copy records of required mwltii-nig end inteOTTf*"* (8) Fttrmer empuyuee dial! be pro vided cesses lb examtow and w re quired monitoring and measuring rwoorde reflecting their own exposures. (8) 'Upon written request of any em ployee, a copy of the medical record of that employee shall be furnished to any dftiWKtod fev tin *Tr1joi- (n) Report*, a) Hot later than 1 month after the establishment of a res- Rnwt, tht rftkUowtxig shall be reported to the OCHA Area Di (ktdV at mis the tsetu should be i tianhla peMUrebly within S to* ttmtm rmnM.tr, -to.--l M--Mn. n--IS be-glvm awttCmtl at the employs* from oqetser With vtnjl ahteride. while a mem Addttfcnl tsste-whlsh may be uosful: 'A. Kx Ktdissy dyatunctloa: urine* j mtsrn: mrosd vital oapae- Uy. Vtooed volume at t sseoad. D. Wot ai aa repeated ahnoemal esrum tmte: Hepatitis anttgun, and lies* (toa I and A M mat. 1SS*. IMS (to UAA Sie. 887); Bscrvtary ot Labor* Order Ha 1X-71. Se F 8754) [Section 1910.93q addsd as 39 FR 12343, April 5, 1974, as emergency temporary standard; issued st permanent standard st 39 FR 35896, October 4, 1974; Section 1910.93c wss redensnsted 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 19751 3-17-77 Copyright O 1977 by Tha Bureau of National Affairs, Inc, [too. 1*10.1017 (Appendix AI] UCC 093996