Document QgG6136kZ5pnzYGLzg5nwDbmk

011575 PROPERTY OF FOR0 KOTOR COMPANY INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BULLETIN "SKIS--------------- BULLETIN TITLE 6/22/83 Industrial Hygiene SUBJECT Asbestos (/fyfc&ViCuU,M. ffejfe.-- HESOOWSIBLE DEFT ' " I BULLETIN HQ Employee Health Services { L SUfEHitbEi | D*TiB " &u ; iaw Asbestos is a. genetie term that describes a variety of naturally occurring fibrous, incombustible silicate minerals. Although tremendously valuable to industry, these minerals have been closely linked to asbestosis, a degenerative lung-scarring disease, and to lung cancer. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), therefore, has regulated employee exposure to asbestos since shortly after the agency's inception. OSHA has defined asbestos, established standards for its uss, and set permissible expo sure limits. The initial airborne asbestos fiber limits have been revised downward. Regulations under the OSHA. asbestos standard are covered in 29 GTE 1910.1001. Asbestos exposure in Ontario is regulated under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Havised Statutes of Ontario, 19&0, Chapter 321, August 19&2). Exposure limits presently differ under the two regulations; however, industrial hygiene work practices to control dust and fiber in air are the same. Six fibrous minerals, menbers of a family called silicates, are recognised as asbestos; cbjysotile (white asbestos), actinolite, amosite (brown asbestos), snthophyllite, erocidolite (blue asbestos) and tremolite. Commercially, chrysotile is the most impor tant form of asbestos, accounting for approximately 95% of the asbestos used in North America. Some talc contains.various amounts of asbestos. Asbestos has about 3000 different uses, with approximately two-1thirds being used in the construction industry in building products, inaulstiaa, friction materials, and textiles. Manufactured products have included reinforced asbestos cement sheets and pipes, patching and taping compounds, floor and ceiling tiles as veil ae paints, coatings and sealants containing asbestos as reinforcing fillers, pipe linings and fillers for various liquids. Friction products include clutch facings and brake linings for automobiles and trucks, railroad cars, airplanes, and industrial machinery. A variety of other uses are known including theater curtains, fire blankets and other thermal protection, filtration materials and, until recently, dry wall patch compounds and imitation fireplace ashes. Once incorporated into manufactured items, hazards resulting fra asbestos are less probable, as long as the substance is not disrupted. However, tha fibers are nearly indestructible, and a potential health risk arises whenever asbestos fibers are set free, resulting in airborne asbestoB dust. Health Hazards Asbestos exposure mn cause asbestosis, cancer of tbs lunge and digestive tract, and mesothelioma. Asbestosis is a diffuse fibrotie lung disease caused by exposure to high concentrations of asbestos dust and fiber, usually after several years of exposure. Tha onset of asbestosis appears to depend on dust and fiber concentration, fiber shapes, type of asbestos, and length of exposure, Usually, the disease be come a evident 20 or more ye are after the first exposure to asbestos. Once established, however, a highly disabling pneumoconiosis can progress even after exposure has ceased. Bronchogenic carcinoma (lung cancer) and mesothelioma of fhe pleura and peritoneum (cancer of membranous lining of the chest and abdominal cavities) are also associated with asbestos exposure. Excesses of cancer of the larynx, stomach, colon, and rectum have also been observed. Some forms of asbestos appear far more hazardous than othsre. As with asbestosis, there can be a long latent period, generally more than 25 years for mesothelioma. The mechanism of action is not currently known. Asbestos is different from most chemical carcinogens because it is not metabolized. Thue even limited expo sures to high levels leads to continuing presence of inhaled aBbestoa particles or - over - PRODUCED BY FORD allen__________ w--in1 -- ' -iiiri^Tft-rr-TrsrT-;-- 105584 Bulletin Mo, k -2- 8/22/83 r fibers within the lung. These can translocate to the abdominal cavity and to other tissues. The prognosis for asbestosis and asbestos-induced cancer is generally poor. Risks of disease due to asbestos exposure hare not been defined clearly for all occu pational groups known to havB significant exposure. Firm epidemiological data are available only for heavily exposed workers employed in asbestos mining, manufacturing and insulation handling. However, there is evidence that the problem is more widespread than previously believed and that workers from a variety of trades and occupations, including painters, electricians, carpenters, machinists, boiler makers, pipefitters, mechanics, welders, eDd others, may he at increased risk. The issue of risk of disease from asbestos exposure is further complicated in that smokers who have had asbestos exposure clearly have markedly increased risk of developing lung disease related to asbeetos. Asbestos exnosurea within Ford Kotor Company may occur from: . Insulated pipe covering for parts washers and cleaners, steam and hot water lines. , Insulated coverings for boilers and associated parts in powerhouses. Drying oven and furnace insulation. Asbestos blocks, bricks, sheets, and sleeves. . Clutch and brake linings for various machinery and transportation equipment (power presses, conveyor belts, hi-loB, locomotives, taw tractors, trucks, automobiles). . Sigh temperature gasket materials for manifolds, pipes. . High temperature blankets, gloves. 011576 . Asbestos-containing parting compounds, certain talcs. Filtration media. Employee Exposure Since we do not manufacture asbeetos materials, exposures are primarily limited to those who work with asbestos-containing products. However, these exposures ere no less significant. Employee exposure can generally occur during material handl ing ^ and maintenance of aebestos-cantainmg friction materials. Exposure can occur during grinding, sawing, sanding, drilling, or otherwise disturbing or finishing aebestoecontaiaing products. Demolition, removal, and repair of asbestos coverings and coatingB offer other sources of worker exposure. Insulation removal or repair end brake and clutch servicing can be especially hazardous. Permissible Occupational Exposure Limits tIEL) -- Breathing Zone Concentrations Eight-hour time-weighted average exposures fiberB longs# than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter of air (2 /cc >5 pm). Ceiling concentration: 10 f/cc >5 jmi. Ontario TVAE PEL for amosite, crocidolite, and other forma of asbeetos are 0.5, 0.2, and 1.0 f/cc >5 jm, respectively. The Ontario ceiling PEL for amosite, crocidolite, and other forms are 2.5, 1.0, and 5,0 f/cc >5 p&t respectively. Methods of Compliance . Engineering controls, such as isolation, enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, and dust collection are required and should be used to meet the PEL. . Compliance with the PEL may not be achieved by sole use of reepiratorB or shift rotation except under special conditions approved by Industrial Hygiene. . AH hand and power operated tools, which may produce or release csbestoB fiberB in excess of the PEL, must be provided With local exhaust ventilation. . Insofar as practicable or unless the usefulness of the product would be diminished, asbestos must be handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut, ecored, or otherwise - worked in a wet state. Vet methods of control are very effective in suppreBeing airborne ascestoB fiber and dust in pipe and furnace insulation repair and demolition. PROPERTY OF FORD KOTOR COMPANY Bulletin Ho. 4 -3- 8/22/B3 . Employees who nay be exposed to asbestos should be trained in safe work practices end iufonaid of the provisions la the OSHA eebestos standard and in this bulletin. Every employee engaged in the spraying, demolition, or removal of asbeetos- containing mterial shall be provided appropriate respiratory protection end epecial clothing (coveralls, hood and foot coverings, end gloves)* . Only approved respiratory protection, suitable for the concentration of asbestos expected, ia to be provided. `A respiratory protection program i# mandatory for certain operations. . Double lockere are required. special laundering procedures for ssbe stog-contaminated clothing Special change rooms are required for exposures exceeding the PEL. Monitoring Initial end periodic monitoring are required. Sampling frequency Bhall not exceed every six months for employees whose exposure to asbestos may be foreseen to exceed the -EELs for the TVAE or celling concentrations. Medical Examinations ^replacement, annual, and termination-of-employment medical examinations are required for employees vho are exposed to, or were in excess of, 0.1 f/cc seven to eight-hour tine-weighted average exposure. Medical examinations should include as a minimum a nedical history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, chest X-ray, and pulmonary function teBts. Recordkeeping Exposure and medical records or any personal, environmental, and/or medical monitoring must be maintained for at least 20 years. Affected employees, their designated representatives, and OSHA and NIOSH representatives, upon request, would have access to these records. Any employee found to have been exposed to concentrations ia excess of permissible exposure limits shall be notified of this in writing within five days of tbe finding. The employee shall also be timely notified of corrective action being taken. Signs and labels Caution signs shall be provided and displayed ia areas where airborne asbestos concen trations may be in excess of the PEL. Signs shall be posted at such, a distance to permit an individual to tabs tbe necessary protective measures before entering tbe contaminated area. Housekeeping Surfaces should be kept free of accumulations of asbestos if, with their dispersion, there would be excessive airborne concentrations. Additionally, asbestos waste, scrap, debris, clothing, and/or other items contaminated with asbestos should be handled, collected, end disposed in sealed labeled impermeable bags. Asbestoscontaiaing waste oust not be incinerated or discharged into community water supplies. Specific information regarding waste disposal should be obtained from the Stationary Source Environmental Control Office (SSECO). Employee Training Employee Health Services has developed a elide and cassette tape presentation which Bunmarizes pertinent information relative to asbestos use, handling, hazards, controls, work practices, and monitoring of exposures. This presentation is designed to assist plants m their employee training efforts. 011577 - over - PROPERTY OF FORD *10T0R COMPANY PRODUCED BY FORD A l I CM EdLletin Ho. it - It - 6/22/83 InfernalIon and Industrial Hygiene Services ftrtlar information regarding the OSSA asbestos standard Bay be obtained from Industrial Hygiene Service a, 33-78955* Assistance can be provided regarding employee exposure monitoring and analysis, appropriate respirators, approved vacuum aveeperB, engineering controls, and other elements of the OSSA asbestos eipoaure standard. It is recosnended that materials suspected of containing wbestcs be submitted to the Industrial Hygiene laboratory for analysis prior ta any hendi that could generate airborne fiber and dust. A check list to help identify products containing asbestos is available from Plant Engineering Offline, Manufacturing Staff (Manufacturing Practice Hd. 303, December 1981, RHsployee Exposure to Asbestos Containing Hon-Producticm Materials*). Jfjmnmnmr finufacturers of washers and industrial vacuums equipped vith high efficiency filters sad approved for asbestos dust control include 1 . Ford "Rotunda" Brake Vacuum (34-0009) Ford "Rotunda" Brake Parts Vasher (65-0018) . "Tornado ToxVac" Breuer Electric Manufacturing Company7401 Vest Laurence Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60656 (312) 867-5100 . "Hako Minute man11 Kh Vrt Kinutonas 111 South Route 53 Addison, Illinois 60101 (312) 627-6900 . "Hilfisk" Hilfisk of America, Incorporatad 201 Eing Manor Drive Sing of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406 (215) 277-3900 ' Otiar vacuums would be acceptable provided they meet filtration efficiency apecifisd in tbe OSHA asbestos standard. 011578 PROPERTY OF FORD tiOTOR COMPANY ejrls PRODUCED BY FORD V N J | |V INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BULLETIN daV iULU1T1U 6/22/83 Industrial Hygiene tlrtJtCt Asbestos Brake and Clutch Servicing (Supplement to Bulletin No. 4) -- HESRORBSLE DEP1 Employee Health Services SUPERSEDES * DA1E0 flUUElWH 4a Hew -- .. ._______________ -i. ! The following procedures sirs recomaended to ainiaize asbestos dust exposures during brake and clutch servicing of trucks, tractors, trailers, automobilea, locomotives, forklifts, and tow tugs. Strict adherence to these procedures will eliminate exposuias of mechanics to asbestos during brake and clutch servicing. 1. An area should be designated for all brake and clutch repairs. The normal maintenance area for tug tractors and forklift trucks could asrve as the designated area for these plant vehicles* Entrances into this area shall be posted during brake and clutch servicing with an asbestos exposure warning sign: ASBESTOS ~ Dust Hazard Avoid Breathing Dust Vear Assigned Protective Equipment Do Hot Remain in Area Unless lour Vork Requires It Breathing Asbestos Dust Hey Cause Asbestosis and Cancer 2. Only essential personnel should be present is the immediate maintenance area during brake and clutch servicing. 3* During brake se-rieing, as air purifying respirator, either single-use or with replaceable particulate filter(e), as approved by Industrial fiygiene and Mining Enforcesmnt and Safety Administration (formerly Bureau of Mutes) or HIOSB, shall be von during all procedures starting with removal of wheel and including reassembly. During manual clutch servicing, such a respirator shall be worn during removal and cleaning of clutch, pressure plate, and housing assembly, and during installation of nav clutch assembly. 4. Dust shall first be cleaned from brake drums, brake backing plates, brake assemblies and clutch assemblies using an industrial type vaeuua cleaner equipped with a high efficiency filter system &99f> efficiency for 0.3yam diameter aerosols). After vacuum cleaning, any remaining dust shall be removed using a rag soaked in water and wrung until nearly dry. Under no circumstances shall compressed air or dry brushing be used for-cleaning^ (See Industrial Hygiene Bulls'tjnJHo* 4 for approved vacuum cleaners.) " ' ~7 5* During arcing and riveting operations, an approved respirator, as described in (3) above, shall be worn. Grinding (arcing) machines shall be provided with local exhaust ventilation such that exposures are maintained below the OSSA asbestos standard (29 CFR, 1910.1001). At a minimum, dust bag of the arcing machine shall be removed and replaced with hose of high, efficiency industrial >z o. . vacuum described in (4) above. oo 6 u. During removal of vacuum bags, an approved respirator, as described in (3) above, cr er be worn. Industrial vacuum cleaner bags oontaining asbestos dust, cloths used for wiping brake and clutch assemblies, and other asbestos-contaminated o >- t o debris shall be sealed in plastie bags and labeled with following warning JUbel = s: _u printed in letters of sufficient size and contrast to be readily visible and a. c. v L,*lbL" CACTIOH Contains Asbestos Fibers ox ao a. u. Avoid Breathing Dust Breathing Asbestos Dust May Cause Asbestosis and Caneer - over - 011579 produced by ford ]" i SiVI atin Bo. 4* -2- 8/22/52 . (continued) ', AH asbestos waste *ust be-dispo*ei in aceordanee with OSSA asbestos regulations ST>d tbe appropriate sectloos of Bubpart B-Xatlooal Saiasion Standard far Asbestos, Title 40 - Protection of tbe Jkrrirmaent, Chapter 1, fimrcanantal Protection AfBacxr ''libe>to>eQDtainiBC waste sast not ha iaoinerated or discharged into oowunity water supplies. Specific information regarding waste disposal should he obtained fixes, the -Statiemery. .JEcTixonneotal Control Offiee (S3EC0). 7. All floor cleaning in areas where brakes and clutches are repaired should he done with +>u ivigh efficiency industrial vacinai cleaner as described in (4) shore. Grinding also be cleaned with fcH vacuum oleanar and any remaining dust wiped with a dan? doth. An approved respirator, as described in (3) above, shall be used during this cleaning. 3- Although arthwTwnnft to above procedures should ninigita eenteuination of work ___________ clothing, it is re omended that tbe appropriate portions of OSSA regulations on asbestos concerning special clothing, change rocos, etc. be followed. duFcnt "lyvek" disposable coveralls are aooeptable for these asbestos-product -- saintsnanoe operations. Industrial hygiene work practices in this bulletin end the OSSA asbestos exposure standard should be provided to *n employees with potential exposure to aBbeBtos at brake clutch servicing and reviewed with their designated representatives. 1 WJLWjimMWJUm UoUiwUtfJfttMr 011580 PROPERTY OF FORD MOTOR C0*P*NY PRODUCED BY FORD