Document QXn015QQv4LzzZYprndbkDxkE

DATA BASE I^DE^C yiNVL CHLORIC 829201 S^U R&S 102629 00003149 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 1 1 AU - FORBES A ; PORTMANN B ; JOHNSON P ; WILLIAMS R AO - Liver Unit, King's College Hosp., Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS. TI - Hepatic sarcomas in adults: A review of 25 cases. SI - BIOSIS/87/31128 SO - GUT; 28 (6). 1987. 668-674. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Twenty five patients with an apparently primary sarcoma of the liver are reviewed. Presenting complaints were non-specific, but hepatomegaly and abnormal liver function tests were usual. Use of the contraceptive pill (four of 11 women) was identified as a possible risk factor! one patient had previously been exposed to vinyl chloride monomer. Detailed investigation showed that the primary tumor was extrahepatic in nine of the 25 patients. Distinguishing features of the 15 patients with confirmed primary hepatic sarcoma included a lower incidence of multiple hepatic lesions and a shorter time from first symptoms to diagnosis, but the most valuable discriminator was histology. Angiosarcomas and undifferentiated tumors were all of hepatic origin, epithelioid haemangioendotheliOmas (EHAE) occurred as primary and secondary lesions and all other differentiated tumors arose outside the liver. The retroperitoneum was the most common site of an occult primary tumor and its careful examination therefore crucial; computed tomography scanning was found least fallible in this respect in the present series. Where resection (or transplantation), the best treatment, was not possible, results of therapy were disappointing, prognosis being considerably worse for patients with primary hepatic tumors. Patients with EHAE had a better overall prognosis regardless of primary site. 2 AU - BELLI S ; BERTAZZI PA ; COMBA P ; FOA V ; MALTONI C ; MASINA A AU - PIRASTU R ; REGGIANI A ; VIGOTTI MA AD - 1st. Superior di Sanita, Univ. Rome, Rome. TI - A cohort study on vinyl chloride manufacturers in Italy: Study design and preliminary results. SI BIOSIS/87/29246 SO CANCER LETT; 35 (3). 1987. 253-262. LA ENG AB BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. A cohort mortality study of 5000 vinyl chloride manufacturers is ongoing in 9 Italian plants. They represent the entire workforce of those ever employed in the production of the monomer and its polymerization. The objectives of the study are to investigate the mortality of the exposed population and To clear up the carcinogenic spectrum of vinyl chloride. This article gives the results for 3 out of 9 plants, Rosignano, Ferrara and Ravenna, which represent about 25X of the total cohort. The expected deaths have been calculated using the mortality rates of the Italian population. For the decreased persons information from the death certificates were used in the analysis of mortality! additional clinical and pathological data were collected (best pathological evidence, b.p.e,). In Ferrara a statistically significant excess for all malignant tumors and R&S 102630 00003150 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 2 3 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 4 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 5 AU TI SI SO LA AB lung cancer was detected. In Rosignano and Ravenna the number of observed deaths were small and therefore no comments can be made on cancer mortality. The cohort study is ongoing in the 6 remaining cohorts and the future analysis will consider duration and level of exposure and latency. MICHOT F *, BRUGGISSER D 5 FEHR H 5 YURTSEVER H ; ANABITARTE M Regionalspital, CH-4335 Laufenburg. Microangiopathic hemolysis, erythrophagocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in hemangiosarcoma of spleen and liver due to vinyl chloride exposure. BIOSI5/87/28091 SCHWEIZ MED WOCHENSCHR*, 117 (26). 1987. 990-995. GER B10SIS COPYRIGHT) BIOL ABS. A case of angiosarcoma of the liver and the spleen following vinyl chloride exposure is described. The main symptoms in clinical diagnosis were microangiopathic hemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hepatosplenomegaly and exposure to vinyl chloride thirty years ago. It is the first case in which liver and spleen are involved in angiosarcoma due to vinyl chloride exposure. The tumor cells showed angioformative and solid histiocytoid growth with erythrophagocytosis. Storetvedt S Daas H J Andersen AA ; Langard S Health Dep./Res. Cent., Norsk. Hydro A/S, Oslo Incidence of cancer among vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride workers: further evidence for an association with malignant melanoma CA/107/064050B Br. J. Ind. Med.I VOL 44, ISS 4, 1987,278-80 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Vinyl chloride occupational exposure hazard Cancer vinyl chloride occupational exposure PVC occupational exposure malignant melanoma!Hygiene In vinyl chloride and PVC manuf., malignant melanoma in man in relation to Industrial;Intestlne From occupational exposure to vinyl chloride and PVC, of man Colon, care 1 noma!Lung From occupational exposure to vinyl chloride and PVC, of man CarcinomaJMelanoma From occupational exposure to vinyl chloride and PVC, of man',Skin From occupational exposure to vinyl chloride and PVC, of man Melanoma PURCHASE I FH ; STAFFORD J ; PADDLE GM VINYL CHLORIDE AN ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE BIOSIS/87/20473 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL! 25 (2). 1987. 187-202. ENG BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM REVIEW HUMAN WOPKERS ANIMAL DIZZINESS MUTAGEN CARCINOGEN LIVER ANGIOSARCOMA OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY AIR POLLUTION HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDOUS OCCUPATION CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 00003151 VINYL CHLORIDE. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 3 R&S 102631 6 AU - BURCH JD ; CRAIB K JP J CHOI B CK ; MILLER AB i RISCH HA ! HOWE GR AD - National Cancer Inst, of Canada Epidemiology Unit. Fac. Med.. McMurrich Building. Univ. Toronto, 12 Queen's Park Cresent West. Toronto. ON. MSS 1A8, Canada. TI - An exploratory case-control study of brain tumors in adults. SI - BIOSIS/B7/19179 50 - JNCI (J NATL CANCER INST); 76 (A). 1967. 601-610. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT'. bIOL ABS. An exploratory study of brain tumors in adults was carried out using 215 cases diagnosed in Southern Ontario between 1979 and 1982. with an individually matched, hospital control series. Significantly elevated risks were observed for reported use of spring water, drinking of wine, and consumption of pickled fish, together with a significant protective effect for the regular consumption of any of several types of fruit. While these factors are consistent with a role for N-nitroso compounds in the etiology of these tumors, for several other factors related to this hypothesis, no association was observed. Occupation in the rubber industry was associated with a significant relative risk of 9.0, though no other occupational associations were seen. Two previously unreported associations were with smoking nonfilter cigarettes with a significant trend and with the use of hair dyes or sprays. The data do not support an association between physical head trauma requiring medical attention and risk of brain tumors and indicate that exposure to ionising radiation and vinyl chloride monomer does not contribute any appreciable fraction of attributable risk in the population studied. The findings warrant further detailed investigation in future epidemiologic studies. 7 AU - Belli S ; Comba P ; Reggiani A ; Pirastu R ; Bertassi PA ; Foa V AU - Maltoni C ; Masina A J Vigotti MA AD - 1st. Sup. Sanita, Confinati, Romi TI - Mortality study of PVC manufacturers in Italy: design of the study and first results 51 - CA/106/055132G SO - Acqua Aria; ISS 9, 1986,983-8 LA - 1TA AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Polyvinyl chloride manuf mortality ItalyJHyglene In polyvinyl chloride manuf., cancer mortality in relation to, in Italy Industrial;Lung Mortality from, polyivlnyl chloride) manufg. worker occupational exposure in relation to, in ItalyjNeoplasm Mortality from, in polyivinyl chloride) workers, in Italy R&S 102632 00003152 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 4 8 AU - THOMAS TL ; FONTHAM E TH ; NORMAN SA ; STEMHAGEN A ; HOOVER RN AD - Occupational Studies Section, Environ. Epidemiol. Branch, NCI, Landow Build., Room 4C16, Bethesda, Md. 20892, USA. TI - Occupational risk factors for brain tumors: A case-referent death-certificate analysis. SI - BI0SIS/86/32223 50 - SCAND J WORK ENVIRON HEALTH; 12 (2). 1986. 121-127. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Numerous studies have suggested that employment in the oil refining and chemical manufacturing industries may be associated with excess brain tumor risk. A case-reference study was undertaken to evaluate brain tumor risk by occupation and industry (in the USA) in three geographic areas (northern New Jersey, Philadelphia, and the Gulf Coast of Louisiana) with a heavy concentration of these industries. Seven hundred and eighteen white men dying from brain tumor at age 30 years or older were ascertained from death certificates for 1978-1981. The referents were men who died of other causes, excluding epilepsy and stroke. Usual occupation and industry were obtained from the death certificates, and the maximum likelihood estimates of the relative risk were calculated for specific industries and occupations. Small nonsignificant excess risks of brain tumors were seen among persons whose usual employment was in the petroleum refining, electrical equipment manufacturing, health services, and educational services industries. Compared with other white-collar professionals, health diagnosticians, teachers, and artists/designers had a significantly elevated brain tumor risk. Among blue-collar workers, the only group with a significantly elevated brain tumor risk was precision metal workers, who are exposed to meal dusts and fumes and substances used as coolants, lubricants, and degreasers. 9 AU - SWEENEY MH ; BEAUMONT JJ ; WAXWEILER RJ ; HALPERIN WE AD - NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Parkw., Robert A. Taft Lab., Cincinnati, Ohio 45226, USA. TI - An investigation of mortality from cancer and other causes of death among workers employed at an East Texas (USA) chemical plant. 51 - BIOSIS/86/23149 SO - ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH; 41 (1). 1986. 23-28. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The cause-specific mortality of 2,510 males employed at an east Texas chemical plant was examined in a historical prospective study to evaluate a suspected increase in deaths from multiple myeloma and brain cancer. Potential exposures from chemicals, either used in manufacturing processes or produced during the study period 1952-1977, included the fuel additive tetraethyl lead, ethylene dibromide and dichloride, inorganic lead, and vinyl chloride monomer. Overall mortality for all workers (156 observed vs. 211.14 expected) and for workers first employed between 1952 and 1959 (131 observed vs. 167.33 expected) when tetraethyl lead was the single major I 00003153 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 5 product was lower than expected when compared to the (USA) general population. There were no significant increases in mortality from malignancies or other causes of death. The deficits may be due to the small number of total deaths, and the lower power for detecting excess risk of mortality from multiple myeloma (zl-beta = 27, alpha = .05), brain cancer (zl-beta = 31, alpha = .05), or other rare causes of death; lack of complete workplace exposure data for production workers; and the absence of historical measurements on the extent of environmental exposure to tetraethyl lead and other chemicals. 10 All - ADKINS B JR ; VAN STEE EW ; SIMMONS JE J EUSTIS SL AD - Northrop Serv. Inc., P.O. Box 12313, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27709, USA. TI - Oncogenic response of strain A/J mice to inhaled chemicals. SI - BI0SIS/86/2090S SO - J TOXICOL ENVIRON HEALTH; 17 (2-3). 1986. 311-322. LA - ENG AB - BI0S1S COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Strain A/J mice were exposed by inhalation for 6 h/d, 5 d/uk, for 6 mo to carbon disulfide, 1>2-dibromoethane , ethylene oxide, naphthalene, nitrogen dioxide, or vinyl chloride. Significant increases in pulmonary adenoma formation were observed following exposure to 300 ppm carbon disulfide; 20 and 50 ppm 1,2-dibromoethane; 70 and 200 ppm ethylene oxide; 10 ppm nitrogen dioxide; and 50, 200, and 500 ppm vinyl chloride compared to control animals. Repeated studies with 1,2-dibromoethane ethylene oxide, and vinyl chloride gave similarly significant results. Exposure of mice to 30 ppm naphthalene did not elicit a significant adenoma response. Histopathological examination of lungs from animals in these studies revealed multiple alveolar adenomas. Results from earlier studies with these chemicals, using strain A mice and Swiss mice, and bioassay information with rats and mice were compared with these data. These results provide further information for the validation of this in vivo model as a tool for predicting oncogenic potential following chemical exposure. 11 AU - Adkins BJ ; Van Stee EW ; Simmons JE ", Eustis SL AO - Northrop Serv., Inc., Research Triangle Park TI - Oncogenic response of strain A/J mice to inhaled chemicals SI - CA/109/163515B SO - J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; VOL 17, ISS 2-3, 1986,311-22 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Strain A/J mice were exposed by inhalation for 6 h/day, 5 day/wk, for 6 mo to CS2 [75-15-0], 1>2-dibromoethane (106-93-9), ethylene oxide [75-21-81, naphthalene [91-20-31, N02, or vinyl chloride [75-01-91. Significant increases in pulmonary adenoma formation were obsd. following exposure to 300 ppm CS2; 20 and SO ppm 112-dibromoethane; 70 and 200 ppm ethylene oxide; 10 ppm N02; and 50, 200, and 500 ppm vinyl chloride compared to control animals. Exposure of mice to 30 ppm naphthalene did not elicit adenoma. Hlstopathol. examn. of lungs from animals in these studies R&S 102633 R&S 102634 00003154 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 6 12 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 13 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 14 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB revealed multiple alveolar adenomas. These results provide further information for the validation of this in vivo model as a tool for predicting oncogenic potential following chem. exposure. Geryk E I Zudova Z Ustav Dalsi Vzdel. Stred. Zdrav. Pracov. Health hazard in occupational exposure to vinyl chloride CA/104/192169X Prac. Lek.; VOL 33, ISS 1, 1986,1-8 CZE CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Vinyl chloride exposure cancer death Mental illness vinyl chloride exposure Gastrointestinal tumor vinyl chloride exposure Respiratory disease vinyl chloride exposure Abortion spontaneous vinyl chloride exposure Suicide worker vinyl chloride exposure Health hazard vinyl chloride exposure!Abortion From vinyl chloride occupational exposure, in plastics manufg. workers Spontaneous;Carcinogens Vinyl chloride, in occupational exposure in plastics manufg.iOeath Premature, from vinyl chloride occupational exposure, in plastics manufg. workersIDigestive tract From vinyl chloride occupational exposure, in plastics manufg. NaoplasmIHealth hazard From vinyl chloride exposure, in plastics manufg. workers Occupat i onal'iHygi ene In plastics industry, vinyl chloride exposure in Indus tr i ali Lung From vinyl chloride occupational exposure, in plastics manufg.JMutagens Vinyl chloride, in occupational exposure in plastics manufg. Thomas TL 5 Waxweiler RJ Occup. Stud. Sect., Natl. Cancer Inst., Bethesda Brain tumors and occupational risk factors. A review CA/104/17342OF Scand. J. Work, Environ. Health; VOL 12, ISS 1, 1986,1-1S ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Review brain tumor occupational exposure Occupational risk brain tumor review;Aromatic hydrocarbons Occupational exposure to, brain tumors incidence in relation to PolycyclicJBrain Epidemiol, of, occupational risk factors in relation to;Lubricating oils Occupational exposure to, brain tumors incidence in relation toINeoplasm Of brain, occupational exposure to chems. in relation to'.Phenols Occupational exposure to, brain tumors incidence in relation toJSolvents Org., occupational exposure to, brain tumor incidence in relation to Forman 0 ; Bennett B i Stafford J , Doll R Epidemiol. Clin. Trials Unit, Radcliffe Infirm., Oxford Exposure to vinyl chloride and angiosarcoma of the liver: a report of the register cases CA/104/154988F Br. J. Ind. Med.I VOL 42, ISS 11, 1985,750-3 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Occupational exposure vinyl chloride cancer Angiosarcoma liver vinyl chloride exposureJAir pollution 00003155 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 7 R&S 102635 By vinyl chloride, occupational exposure to, liver angiosarcoma from, prediction of'.Liver From occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer, prediction of Angiosarcoma;Sarcoma Of liver, from vinyl chloride occupational exposure, prediction of Angio- 15 AU - Hoss AR AD - Univ. California, San Francisco TI - Occupational exposure and brain tumors SI - CA/104/135110X SO - J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; VOL 16, ISS 5, 1985,703-11 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Brain tumor vinyl chloride review Cancer brain petrochem exposure review;Brain Occupational exposure to petrochems. and vinyl chloride in relation toIHealth hazard From occupational exposure to petrochem. and vinyl chloride;Petrochemicals Occupational exposure to, brain tumors in IE, AU - REDEL C TI - THE EFFECT OF DISEASE OCCURRENCE OF VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION IN MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE OF CHEMICALLY EXPOSED WORKERS SI - BI0SIS/B5/1312Z SO - 42ND ANNUAL NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN FEDERATION FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH, WASHINGTON, D.C., USA, MAY 3-6, 1985. CLIN RES; 33 (2 PART 1). 1985. 264A. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM ABSTRACT HUMAN ACRYLONITRILE VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGEN HEPATIC ANGIOSARCOMA 17 AU - DIETZ A ; LANGBEIN G ', PERMANETTER W AD - Innere Abt. Kreiskrankenhauses, D-B263 Burghausen, Bundesrepubl i k Deutschland. TI - Vinylchloride-induced hepato-cellular carcinoma. SI - BIOSIS/85/03255 SO - KLIN WOCHENSCHR; 63 (7), 1985. 325-331. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Hepatocellular carcinomas (3) were observed in workers of the same industrial plant within 7 yr after long-term exposure to vlnylchloride . The characteristics of a chemical carcinogenesis leading to 2 different malignant tumors, hemangiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, are discussed. This carcinogenic sequence was predicted by animal studies. It was not known why the transformation of hepatocytes into carcinoma is far rarer than of sinusoidal cells into sarcoma. The hepatocellular carcinoma predominantly developed in association with cirrhosis, vinyl chloride was able to cause cancer directly without other known co-carcinoqenic agents. This hepatic carelnogenicitv was dose-dependent. After the introduction of industrial prevention measures, a new initiation of the tumor is improbable. Because of its long latency period, estimated between 5 and 20 yr, clinical manifestations are still possible. An early diagnosis by sonoqraphy and computer tomography, possibly combined with puncture in exposed persons or those formerly at high risk is conceivable, while laboratory 11 00003156 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 8 R&S 102636 data, even tumor markers are unreliable. Its fulminant course does not differ from that of other hepatocellular carcinomas and has until now hindered successful treatment. 18 AU - SALMON AG TI - VINYL CHLORIDE THE EVIDENCE FOR HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY IN DIFFERENT TARGET ORGANS SI - BIQSIS/85/01783 SO - BR J IND MED; 42 (2). 1985. 73-74. LA - ENG AB - BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM WORKER ANGIOSARCOMA LIVER CANCER 19 AU - HALAMA J ; BECKER-STONE S ; HALAMA JM AD - Radioonkologische Klinik, Stadtkrankenhaus Offenbach a.M. Starkenburgring 66, D-60S0 Offenbach a.M. TI - Angiosarcoma of the liver and other occupational diseases in vinyl chloride workers. SI - HEEP/85/08105 SO - RADIOLOGE; 25 (1). 1985. 22-29. LA - GER AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Occupational diseases resulting from exposure to vinyl chloride (VC1 include angiosarcoma of the liver and other neoplasms. Among workers exposed to VC, capillary abnormalities were found in extremities along with scleroderma and Raynaud syndrome, acro-osteolysis, neurological and psychiatric diseases and chromosome abnormalities, as well as abnormal liver metabolism and hematological findings. 20 AU - MALTONI C ; ET AL TI - ARCHIVES OF RESEARCH ON INDUSTRIAL CARCINOGENESIS VOL. 2. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGENESIS SI - HEEP/85/07800 SO - MALTONI, C. ET AL. (ED.). ARCHIVES OF RESEARCH ON INDUSTRIAL CARCINOGENESIS, VOL. 2. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGENESIS. V+533P. PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS, INC.: PRINCETON, N.J., USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-911131-36-1.; 0 (0). 1984. V+S33P. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM BOOK HUMAN WORKER ANIMAL LIVER CANCER PULMONARY ADENOMA LEUKEMIA BRAIN TUMOR EMBRYOTOXICITY MUTAGEN 21 AU - NICHOLSON WJ ; HENNEBERGER PK ; SEIDMAN H TI - OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS IN THE VINYL CHLORIDE POLY VINYL CHLORIDE INDUSTRY SI - HEEP/85/01097 SO - JARVISALO, J., P. PFAFFLI AND H. VAINIO (ED.). PROGRESS IN CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 141. INDUSTRIAL HAZARDS OF PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC ELASTOMERS; SYMPOSIUM ON OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS RELATED TO PLASTICS AND SYNTHETIC ELASTOMERS, ESPOO, FINLAND, NOV. 22-27, 1982. XIV+441P. ALAN R. LISS, INC.: NEW YORK, N.Y., USA. ILLUS. ISBN 0-8451-0141-2.; 0 (0). 1984. P155-176. R&S 102637 00003157 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN WORKER LUNG CANCER LIVER CANCER HEPATO TOXICITY DUST 22 AU - PASTORINO U ; BERRINO F ; GERVASIO A J PERSENTI V J RIBOLI E AU - CROSIGNANI P AO - Epidemiology Service Natl. Cancer Inst., Veneaian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. TI - Proportion of lung cancers due to occupational exposure. SI - HEEP/84/09324 SO - INT J CANCER; 33 (2). 1984. 231-238. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The proportions of male lung cancers due to occupational exposure and, respectively, to cigarette smoking in a highly industrialized area of northern Italy were estimated in a population-based case-control study in 1976-1979. Two hundred and four out of the 211 lung cancer cases and 351 controls sampled from the source population were questioned about their occupational and smoking histories. On the basis of the occupational history each subject was classified as probably exposed ( + ), possibly exposed (7), or unexposed (-) to \ 1 of the chemicals known to be carinogenic for the human lung, i.e., asbestos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, As, Ni and chromium Compounds, BCME tbiS-chloromethylether)> CMME (chloromethylmethylether ) and vinyl chloride. Upon strattfication by cigarette smoking, contrasting the occupationally exposed subjects, whether certainly or uncertainly defined, with the unexposed ones, the RR (risk ratio) for lung cancer was 2.1 and the occupational etiologic fraction was 0.33 (95/ confidence interval 0.19-0.47), The tobacco etiologic fraction was 0.81, while the 2 exposures together accounted for 89/ of the total burden of incident cases. If 33/ of all male lung cancers were of occupational etiology, then this alone would represent 5/ of all cancer deaths. 23 AU - Heldaas SS ; Langaard 5L ; Andersen A AD - Res. Cent., Norsk Hydro A S, Porsgrunn TI - Incidence of cancer among vinyl chloride and poly(vinyl chloride) workers SI - CA/100/197092U SO - Br. J. Ind. Med.J VOL 41, ISS 1, 1984,25-30 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Vinyl chloride manuf occupational hazard Polyvinyl chloride manuf occupational hazard Cancer occupational exposure vinyl chloride Lung cancer exposure vinyl chloride Liver angiosarcoma exposure vinyl chloride Skin melanoma exposure vinyl chlorideiLiver In vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride manufg. workers Angiosarcoma!Lung In vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride manufg. workersiMelanoma Of skin, in vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride manufg. workers[Neoplasm In vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride manufg. workers !Skin In vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride manufg. workers Melanoma 00003156 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 10 R&S 102638 24 AU - FEDOTOVA IV TI - THE INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS AMONG WORKERS ENGAGED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VINYL CHLORIDE AND POLY VINYL CHLORIDE SI - HEEP/84/07644 50 - GIG TR PROF ZABOL! 0 (4). 1983. 30-32. LA - RUS AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT.- BIOL ABS. RRM HUMAN LUNG CANCER LIVER CANCER LYMPHATIC NEOPLASM LEUKEMIA DUST 25 AU - Cottl G ; Valgimigli L ; Mandrioli A ; Maltoni C AD - Inst. Oncol., Bologna TI - Suitable models for long-term bioassays of therapeutic and toxic effects of antiblastic drugs: brain tumors of neuronal cells and primitive bipotential precursors produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by vinyl chloride 51 - CA/100/167590N 50 - Dev. Oncol.; VOL 15, ISS Control Tumour Growth Its Biol. Bases, 1983,376-8 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Exposure of rats to vinyl chloride C75-01-4) (2,500 ppm, in utero and after birth to 1 yr of age) resulted in the appearance of brain tumors characteristic of human medulloepithelioma, medulloblastoma, and neuroblastoma. This animal model should be useful for the study of antitumor agents against brain tumors of neuronal cells and their primitive precursors , 26 AU - Maltoni C ! Cotti G ; Valgimigli L ; Mandrioli A AD - Inst. Oncol.. Bologna TI - Suitable models for long-term bioassays of the therapeutic and toxic effects of antiblastic drugs: liver angiosarcomas produced in Sorague-Dawley rats by vinyl chloride 51 - CA/100/167589U SO - Dev. Oncol.; VOL 15, ISS Control Tumour Growth Its Biol. Bases, 1983,339-41 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Rats exposed to vinyl chloride (75-01-4) (in air at 2500 ppm, 4-7 h daily, 5 days/wk ) from day 12 of embryonic life for 57 wk had a 63.Ik incidence of liver angiosarcoma with a latency period of 49.9 wk, and a 41.4k incidence of lung metastasis. The exptl. tumors were similar to those of humans with respect to gross pathol., histopathol., and metastatic behavior. This model of liver angiosarcoma should prove useful in assessing drug treatments for this tumor type. 00003159 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 11 7 AU AD TI SI SO LA AS 28 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 29 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB Cotti G ; Valgimigl1 L ; Mandrioli A ; Maltoni C Inst. Oncol., Bologna Suitable models for long-term bioassays of therapeutic and toxic effects of antiblastic drugs: brain tumors of neuronal cells and primitive bipotential precursors produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by vinyl chloride CA/100/116212H Fortschr. Onkol., VOL 10, ISS Control Tumour Growth Its Biol. Bases, 1983,376-8 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT-* cHEM ABS Rats were exposed to 2500 ppm vinyl chloride [75-01-91 from the 12th day of embryonal development (pregnant breeders were exposed 9 h/day until delivery) for 50 wk; brain tumors developed in .apprx.97X of males and .appr*x.99X of females. The medulloepitheliomas and -blastomas which developed manifested symptoms prior to the death of the animals characteristic of human brain tumor victims and thus may well serve os model systems for antitumor drug testing. Maltoni C J Cotti G I Valgimigli L ; Mandrioli A Inst. Oncol., Bologna Suitable models for long-term bioassays on the therapeutic and toxic effects of antiblastlc drugs: liver angiosarcomas produced in Sprague-Dawley rats by vinyl chloride CA/100/116211G Fortschr. Onkol., VOL 10, ISS Control Tumour Growth Its Biol. Bases, 1983,339-91 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Rats exposed to 2500 ppm vinyl chloride C75-01-9) from the 12th day of embryonal life (dams exposed) to 1 yr of age developed liver angiosarcomas, including apprx.57X in males and .apprx.69X in females. Comparison of the rat angiosarcomas with those in humans showed marked similarities, esp. in pathol., histol., and spread; thus, they may well serve for antitumor drug bioassaying. EVANS D MD ; WILLIAMS WJ ; KUNG I TM Histology Dep. , Llandough Hosp., Penarth, Glamorgan CF6 1XX, Wales, UK. Angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in vinyl chloride workers. HEEP/89/02358 HIST0PATH0L0GY (OXF)! 7 (3). 1983. 377-388. ENG HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Observations of livers from 5 vinyl chloride workers revealed angloformative and hepatocellular growth disturbance in varying proportions. Angiosarcoma could be seen in 9 cases, liver cell hyperplasia in all, hyperplastic nodules in 3 cases and hepatocellular carcinoma in 2 cases. The transition between hyperplastic nodule and hepatocellular carcinoma was demonstrated in 1 case. The relationship between these changes and vinyl chloride exposure was discussed and R&S 102639 R&S 102640 00003160 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 12 evidence that they are causally related was presented, 30 AU - DREW RT J BOORMAN GA ; HASEMAN JK ; MCCONNELL EE ! BUSEY WM AU - MOORE JA AD - Med. Dep., Brookhaven National Lab,, Upton, N.Y. 11973. TI - The effect of age and exposure duration on cancer induction by a known carcinogen in rats, mice and hamsters. SI - HEEP/84/00473 SO - TOXICOL APPL PHARMACOL; 6B (1). 1983. 120-130. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Female Golden Syrian hamsters, F-344 rats, Swiss CD-I mice and B6C3F1 hybrid mice were exposed 6 h/day, 5 days/wk to carcinogenic levels of vinyl chloride (VC) for 6, 12, 18 or 24 mo. (rats and hamsters only). Other groups of rodents were held for 6 or 12 mo. and then eyposed for 6 or 12 mo. At the end of the study the incidence of VC-indueed neoplasms was compared in each of the groups to assess the effects of duration of exposure and age at the start of exposure on careinogenicity of VC. In rats, with early initial exposure, hemanglosarcomas, hepatocellular carcinomas and mammary gland carcinomas occurred with increasing incidence with longer exposure duration. Rats held for 6 mo. before exposure developed VC-related neoplasms, while rats held 12 mo, before the start of exposure failed to show a significantly increased incidence of these neoplasms. In hamsters, hemangiosarcomas, mammary gland carcinomas, gastric adenocarcinomas and skin carcinomas resulted from VC exposure. The highest incidence of malignant neoplasms occurred in hamsters exposed for the first 12 mo. whereas exposure begun after 12 mo. of age did not cause neoplasms. In both strains of mice, VC exposure during the first 6 mo. of the experiment induced a high incidence of hemangiosarcomas and mammary gland carcinomas. Swiss mice also developed lung carcinomas after only 6 mo. of exposure. In all three rodent species an initial 12 month exposure to VC was adequate to detect its carcinogenic potential, but the shortened survival of VC exposed mice and hamsters precluded a meaningful comparison with longer periods of exposure. Exposures were most effective when started early in life. 31 AU - AUSTIN SG ; SCHNATTER AR AD - Dep. Epidemiol., Union Carbide Corp. , Old Ridgebury Road, Danbury, Conn. 06817. TI - A case-control study of chemical exposures and brain tumors in petrochemical workers. SI - HEEP/84/00104 SO - J OCCUP MED; 25 (4). 1983. 313-320. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS, The relationship between chemical exposures and deaths attributable to primary brain tumors among employees of a Texas, (USA) petrochemical plant was investigated. Cases consisted of 21 deaths in which the underlying cause was confirmed as a primary brain tumor. Two control groups of 80 employees each were randomly selected from 450 decedents known to 00003161 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 13 32 AU AO TI SI SO LA AB 33 AU AU AD TI SI SO AB the company in June, 1979. Potential exposures while employed were compared between cases and controls for 5 known or suspect carcinogens (benzene, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, diethyl sulfate, vinyl chloride). Exposure potentials were also compared for an additional 37 chemcials to which at least A cases were potentially exposed. Overall and 15 yr latency analyses were performed. The proportion of cases exposed to the 5 potentially carcinogenic chemicals lincluding vinyl chloride) were lower than or consistent with the proportion of exposed controls. No statistically significant differences between the proportions of cases and controls exposed to the 37 other chemicals were found. Fedotova IV Inst. Gig. Tr. Profzabol., Gorkiy Incidence of malignant tumors among workers engaged in the manufacture of vinyl chloride and polytvinyl chloride) CA/098/2211A8E Gig. Tr. Prof. Zabol.! ISS A, 1983.30-2 RUS C8AC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Tumor vinyl chloride manufg worker Malignant tumor polyvinyl chloride manuf Hazard tumor vinyl chloride exposure,'Air pollution By vinyl chloride, occupational exposure to, in vinyl chloride and poly(vinyl chloride) manuf., malignant tumors fromiCareinoma Of lung and stomach, from vinyl chloride, after occupational exposure;Health hazard Of malignant tumors, from vinyl chloride exposure in poly(vinyl chloride) manuf. Occupational;Neoplasm Of lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue, from vinyl chloride, after occupational exposure FILATOVA VS ; ANTONYUZHENKO VA t SMULEVICH VB ! FEDOTOVA IV KRYZHANOVSKAYA NA ! BOCHKAREVA TV i GORYACHEVA LA ; BUL'BULYAN MA Gorki Res. Inst. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Dis., Gorki, USSR. Blastomogenic hazard of vinyl chloride (cl inico-hygienic and epidemiologic study). HEEP/83/03770 GIG TR PROF ZABOL! 0 (1). 1982. 28-31. HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Study of incidence of malignant tumors in workers engaged in the manufacture of vinyl chloride (VC) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) exposed to various concentrations of VC showed that mortality due to oncologic diseases was higher in the group of workers exposed to VC in high concentrations (300 mg/m3 and more). Death rate among the women of the examined groups due to malignant tumors of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissues was 12-fold higher than among the population of the city. Hemangiosarcomas and other liver tumors were not detected. There is pathogenetic relationship between tumor and non-tumor manifestations of VC pathology. A complex of health measures aimed at the maximal reduction of VC effect on the workers is proposed. 00003162 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 14 R&S 102642 34 All - BERGMAN K AD - Toxicol. Lab., National Food Administrotion. Box 622, S-751 26 Uppsala, Sweden. TI - Reactions of vinyl chloride with RNA and DNA of various mouse tissues in vivo. SI - HEEP/82/12835 SO - ARCH TOXICOL; 49 (2). 1982. 117-130. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The irreversible binding of 14C-vinyl chloride metabolites to RNA and DNA of mouse brain, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas and testes after a single i.p. injection was studied. Hydrolysates of nucleic acids from selected organs were separated on Aminex A6 for quantitation of alkylation products. Radioactivity in nucleic acids was registered in all organs with the exception of brain. RNA from spleen, pancreas and 1iver and DNA from spleen and liver contained the highest amounts of radioactivity. In nucleic acids from spleen and pancreas, organs of high metabolic activity, the entire radioactivity was metabolically incorporated as Cl-fragments. In RNA of kidney and liver a large part of the radioactivity was present as incorporated Cl-fragments but 3,N4-ethenocytidine (in kidney), and 1,N6-ethenoadenosine and 1,N6-ethenoadenine (in kidney and liver) were identified as alkylation products. In liver DNA incorporation of Cl-fragments was insignificant, indicating different interactions of vinyl chloride metabolites (Cl-fragments and alkylating products) with RNA and DNA. The elution profiles of radioactivity in hydrolysates of liver DNA were dominated by an alkylation product of unknown structure (probably a derivative of deoxyguanosine ). Possibly 1,N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine and 1,N6-ethenoadenine were also present in liver DNA. Results were consistent with the ability of vinyl chloride to act as a multipotent carcinogen by alkylation of DNA in several tissues. 35 AU - Greiser E ; Re ini W ; Weber H AD - Duesseldorf TI - Vinyl chloride exposure and mortality of German chemical industry workers compared to the mortality of Unexposed chemical industry workers and PVC workers SI - CA/098/131571H SO - Zentralbl. Arbaitsmed., Arbeitsschutz, Prophyl. Ergon.; VOL 32, IS5 2, 1982,44-62 LA - GER AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Malignancy occupational exposure vinyl chloride Liver carcinoma occupational exposure PVC Lymphoma occupational exposure vinyl chloride Leukemia occupational vinyl chloride exposure Brain carcinoma occupational exposure PVC Ischemic heart disease exposure PVC Statistical analysis mortality rate worker Cardiac infarction exposure PVCtBrain From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation toICarcinoma From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, 00003163 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 15 36 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 37 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB mortality in relation toJDeath Statistical anal, of, from occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride in Federal Republic of GermanyJHealth hazard From exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation to OccupationalJHeart From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation to IschemiaJHeart From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation to Infarction;Leukemia From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation toJLiver From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation to!Lymphoma From occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride, statistical anal, of, in Federal Republic of Germany, mortality in relation to>Statistics and Statistical analysis Of mortality from occupational exposure to PVC and vinyl chloride in Federal Republic of Germany Naltoni C ! Cillbertt A I Carretti D Inst. Oncol., Bologna Experimental contributions in identifying brain potential carcinogens in the petrochemical industry CA/097/157751W Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.l VOL 331, ISS Brain Tumors Chem. Ind., 1982,16-99 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEH ABS Vinyl chloride [75-01-9] And acrylonitrile [107-13-1] caused brain tumors, neuroblastomas, and gliomas (olgiodendrogliomas ), resp., in rats when given by inhalation. Such an effect was not seen with vinyl chloride at .ltoreq.500 ppm and acrylonitrile at .ltoreq.10 ppm. When the level of dose and the type of tumor were not considered, following exposure, resp., by inhalation and ingestation to different industrial compds . , the incidence of brain tumors were lowered to borderline levels. Thus, in epidemiol. investigations In humans, ref, must always be made to defined types of tumors and to groups of individuals with the same level of exposure (homogeneous groups). Mai toni C J Lefemine G ; Ciliberti A ; Cotti G J Carretti D Tumour Cent., Inst. Oncol., Bologna Vinyl chloride: a model carcinogen for risk assessment CA/097/039599Y Environ. Sci. Res.; VOL 5, ISS Genotoxic Eff. Airborne Agents, 1932,329-99 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS The exposure of golden hamsters, mice, and rats to vinyl chloride [75-01-9] produced tumors (e.g. Zymbal gland carcinoma, liver angiosarcoma, nephroblastoma, and neuroblastoma) in a dose-dependent manner. The neoplastic response to vinyl chloride was modulated by species and age, with R&S 102643 R&S 102644 00003164 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 16 newborn animals being more responsive To the carcinogenic ability of vinyl chloride than adults, 38 AU - SELIKOFF IJ TI - THE IRON GRIP OF LATENCY CAN IT BE LOOSENED? SI - HEEP/83/08811 50 - 182ND ACS (AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY) NATIONAL MEETING, NEW YORK, N.Y., USA, AUG. 23-28, 1981. ABSTR PAP AM CHEM SOC; 182 (0). 1981. CHAS 48. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN BLADDER CANCER ANGIO SARCOMA LUNG CANCER MESOTHELIOMA BETA NAPHTHYLAMINE VINYL CHLORIDE ASBESTOS CARCINOGEN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH INITIATION PROMOTION SMOKING 39 AU - WAXUEILER RJ ; SMITH AH ! FALK H ! TYROLER HA TI - EXCESS LUNG CANCER RISK IN A SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS PLANT 51 - HEEP/82/13795 50 - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 159-166. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN POLY VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGEN UNDIFFERENTIATED LUNG CANCER ADENO CARCINOMA 40 AU - COOPER WC TI - EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF VINYL CHLORIDE WORKERS MORTALITY THROUGH DEC. 31 1972 51 - HEEP/82/13792 50 - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLYiVINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 101-106. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN RESPIRATORY TRACT MALIGNANCY DIGESTIVE TRACT MALIGNANCY BRAIN NEOPLASM USA 41 AU - GROTH DH i COATE WB ; ULLAND BM ! HORNUNG RW TI - EFFECTS OF AGING ON THE INDUCTION OF ANGIO SARCOMA 51 - HEEP/82/13639 SO - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLYfVINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 53-58. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL AB5. RAT VINYL CHLORIDE CARCINOGEN LIVER LUNG METASTASES SEX 00003165 VINYL CHLORIDEi POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 17 42 AU - INFANTE PF TI - OBSERVATIONS OF THE SITE SPECIFIC CARCINOGENICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE TO HUMANS SI - HEEP/82/13636 50 - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER. POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 tRECD. 1982). 89-94. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. LIVER CANCER LUNG CANCER CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CANCER LYMPHATIC CANCER LEUKEMIA OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD 43 AU - CHU KC ! MILMAN HA TI - REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS BY COMPOUNDS RELATED TO VINYL CHLORIDE 51 - HEEP/82/13628 50 - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLYt VINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 211-220. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. MOUSE RAT VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE TRI CHLORO ETHYLENE PER CHLORO ETHYLENE DI CHLORO ETHANE DI BROMO ETHANE EPI CHLOROHYDRIN CARCINOGEN FORE STOMACH TUMOR LIVER HEM ANGIO SARCOMA HEPATO CELLULAR CARCINOMA KIDNEY TUMOR UTERINE TUMOR MAMMARY GLAND TUMOR FIBROMA LUNG TUMOR 44 AU - LIUS R TI - REVIEW OF PULMONARY EFFECTS OF POLY VINYL CHLORIDE AND VINYL CHLORIDE EXPOSURE 51 - HEEP/82/13485 50 - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) AND STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 167-170. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN LUNG CANCER IMMUNO TOXICITY DYSPNEA FIBROSIS INHALATION 45 AU - MALTONI C ; LODI P TI - RESULTS OF SPUTUM CYTOLOGY AMONG WORKERS EXPOSED TO VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER ANO TO POLY VINYL CHLORIDE 51 - HEEP/82/13474 SO - CONFERENCE TO REEVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER, POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) ANO STRUCTURAL ANALOGS, BETHESDA, MD., USA, MAR. 20-21, 1980. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT; 41 (0). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 85-88. LA - ENG AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. HUMAN MOUSE LUNG CANCER CYTO TOXICITY PULMONARY TOXICITY R&S 102645 R&S 102646 00003168 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 20 CANCER MORTALITY 50 AU - EMMERICH KH ; NORPOTH K AD - Inst. Pathol., Univ. Muenster, Domagkstr. 17, 0-4400 Muenster, W. Gar. TI - Malignant tumors after chronic exposure to vinyl chloride. SI - HEEP/82/08236 50 - J CANCER RES CLIN ONCOL; 102 (1). 1981 (RECD. 1982). 1-12. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Correlations between exposure to vinyl chloride and the development of malignant tumors in the liver have been known since 1974 and have been confirmed by many experimental investigations. Based on the evaluation of (human) mortality statistics from 9 different countries on increased incidence of malignant tumors of the lung, the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) and of malignant lymphomas is documented in connection with exposure to vinyl chloride. Statistically significant increases were only found in the incidence of malignant liver tumors. Metabolism and toxicology of vinyl chloride are discussed in detail. 51 AU - GUENGERICH FP ; GEIGER LE ; HOGY LL ! WRIGHT PL AD - Oep. Biochem. , Vanderbilt Univ. Sch. Med., Nashville, Tenn. 37232. TI - In vitro metabolism of acrylonitrile to 2-cyanoethylene oxide, reaction with glutathione and irreversible binding to proteins and nucleic acids. 51 - HEEP/82/07346 SO - CANCER RES! 41 (12 PART 1). 1981. 4925-4933. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. The metabolism of the suspected carcinogen acrylonitrile was studied using subcellular fractions isolated from rats and humans. Irreversible binding of radioactive label from (1-140- or (2,3-14CJacrylonitrile to protein and DNA was enhanced by reduced NADP in the presence of rat liver microsomes or a reconstituted cytochrome P-450 system. During the reduced NAOP-dependent reaction, HCN was produced and the heme of cytochrome P-450 was destroyed. Rat brain microsomes did not produce detectable levels of metabolites. Conclusive evidence of metabolically mediated binding of acrylonitrile to protein and DNA in human systems was not found. Metabolism was induced in rats by pretreatment of animals with either phenobarbital or 5,6-benzoflavone. Labeled 2-cyanoethylene oxide was found to bind irreversibly to calf thymus DNA and microsomal protein. The extent of binding was greater in the case of 2,3-14C-labelad than l-14C-labeled material. The relative lst-order rate of acrylonitrlle binding to calf thymus DNA in rat 1iver microsomal systems was 1-2 orders of magnitude less than that for 1,1,2-trichloroethylene and 3 orders of magnitude less than that for vinyl chloride or vinyl bromide. Rat liver microsomes or a reconstituted cytochrome P-450 system catalyzed the mixed-function oxidation of acrylonitrile to 2-cyanoethylene oxide. 2-Cyanoethylene oxide has a half-life of about 2 h in neutral buffer at 37'. This epoxide was found to serve as a substrate for microsomal epoxide hydrolase. HCN was released during hydrolysis of 2-cyanoethylene oxide or reaction of the R&S 102647 j1 00003169 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 21 epoxide with reduced glutathione; HCN release in either case uas not stoichiometric with epoxide disappearance, 2-Cyanoethylene oxide reacted less rapidly with reduced glutathione than did acrylonitrile. Rat liver cytosol preparations contained glutathione S-transferase activity towards acrylonitrile and greater activity with 2-cyanoethylene oxide as a substrate. Cytosol preparations from rat brain and human liver had no detectable glutathione S-transferase activity towards acrylonitrile but did exhibit some activity towards 2-cyanoethylene oxide. These studies establish the basic pathways involved in the metabolism of acrylonitrila and should provide a basis for examination of the relevance of These individual steps and their roles in bioactivation and detoxication under more physiological situations. 52 AU - BEAUMONT JJ ; BRESLOW NE AO - Industrywide Studies Branch F-8, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 6676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 65226. TI - Power considerations in epidemiologic studies of vinyl chloride workers . SI - HEEP/82/07175 SO - AM J EPIDEMIOL; 116 (5). 1981. 725-736. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT; BIOL ABS. Nine retrospective mortality studies of workers exposed to vinyl chloride were reviewed to determine A whether differences in their hypothesis testing results might be due to differences in statistical power. Where possible, the power of each study was calculated for cancer of the lung, brain and liver. When power uas Taken into consideration, the results for liver and brain cancer were consistent with an etiologic role for vinyl chloride. For lung cancer, the data were not consistent with an etiologic role, in that 2 studies with very high power yielded negative results. 53 AU - CAULET T ; PAYEN L I PINTEAUX A ; PLUOT M ; DELATTRE JF AU - LEUTENEGGER M AD - Service Central Anatomie Cytol. Pathol., CHU Robert Debre, rue Alexis Carrel> 51100 Reims. TI - Angiosarcoma of the liver; A case. SI - HEEP/82/05996 SO - ARCH ANAT CYTOL PATHOL; 29 (6). 1981. 239-265. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT." BIOL ABS. The case of an angiosarcoma of The liver occurring in a 66 yr old diabetic man with fever and a painful abdominal syndrome is presented. Clinical examination and chest X-rays revealed an hepatomegaly and a large opacity of the upper lobe of the right lung. He died 1 mo. later from a massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage. At necropsy the relevant findings were a huge angiosarcoma of the liver with pulmonary and lymph npde metastases. The microscopic features were identified by optical and ultrastructural studies. This case is compared to other cases of the literature which occurred in the absence of known exposure to carcinogenic factors such as thorotrast, arsenic and vinyl chloride (75X of the cases) and in conjunction 0oo0o0c0133117700 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 22 with long-term exposure to specific agents. In the present case none of the carcinogenic factors was found in the patient's history. 54 AU - SPIT BJ ; FER0N VJ ; HENDRIKSEN C FM AD - Inst. CIVO-Toxicol. Nutr. TNO, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, Neth. TI - Ultrastructure of hepatic angiosarcoma in rats induced by vinyl chloride. SI - HEEP/62/05965 SO - EXP HOL PATHOL; 35 (2). 1981. 277-284. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT-' BIOL ABS. The hepatic angiosarcoma studied was from a male Wistar rat exposed to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) by the oral route for 120 wk. Widened sinusoids linked by large electron-lucent, spindle-shaped tumor cells and membrane-bound nuclear-free structures were seen in the transitional zone between the tumor mass and the adjacent liver tissue. In areas consisting solely of tumor tissue the tumor cells had a more angular or irregular shape. The origin of the tumor cells is discussed in light of the characteristic differences between endothelial cells and Kupffer cells described in the literature. Although an endothelial origin of the tumor cells could not be established unequivocally, at present there is little reason to doubt such an origin. 55 AU - THUNG SN ; GERBER MA AD - Oep. Pathol., Mt. Sinai Sch. Had., One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, N.Y. 10029. TI - Precursor stage of hepatocellular neoplasm following long exposure to orally administered contraceptives. SI - HEEP/81/12979 SO - HUH PATHOL; 12 (5). 1981. 472-475. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS, Hepatic neoplasms and pelfosis are known to occur in women taking contraceptives orally. Hyperplasia of hepatocytes combined with hypertrophy of sinusoidal lining cells and sinusoidal dilatation with progression to peliosis was observed in the liver of a patient who had been taking such contraceptives for 10 yr. These changes resembled the precursor stage in the development of hepatic angiosarcoma induced by vinyl chloride, Thorotrast and arsenic. In users of orally administered contraceptives these findings may precede the development of hepatocellular neoplasms. 56 AU - FORTWENGLER H P JR 1 JONES D I ESPINOSA E ; TAHBURRO CH AD - Dlv. Diqestive Dis. Nutrition, Dep, Med., Health Scl. Cancer Cent., Univ. Louisville, Ky. 40292. TI - Evidence for endothelial cell origin of vinyl chloride-induced hepatic angiosarcoma. SI - HEEP/81/12766 SO - GASTROENTEROLOGY! BO (6). 1981. 1415-1419. AB - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Previous reports of (human) hepatic angiosarcoma have not clearly defined The cellular type from which this Tumor arises, as evidenced by the Terminology of endothelioma, Kupffer cell sarcoma, endothelial cell sarcoma and R&S 102648 R&S 102649 00003171 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 23 hemangioendothelial sarcoma, etc., which were used Interchangeably. There was no consensus on the separate entity of Kupffer and sinusoidal endothelial cells. Evidence for the endothelial cell origin of this tumor is provided by demonstrating factor VIII, a known endothelial cell marker, in the tumor cells. Fluorescence due to the presence of factor VIII appeared intense in the tumor sinusoidal cells of all 4 vinyl chloride-associated angiosarcomas studied, whereas normal liver sinusoidal lining cells showed negligible fluorescence. 57 AU - KOISCHWITZ D ; LELBACH WK J LACKNER K ; HERHANUTZ D AO - Radiol. Klin., Univ. Bonn, Roentgenabt. tied. Klin., 5300 Bonn-Venusberg, W. Ger. TI - Vinyl chloride-induced angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver. SI - HEEP/81/11698 SO - F0RT5CHR GEB ROENTGENSTR NUKLEARMEDJ 134 (3). 1981. 283-290. A0 - HEEP COPYRIGHT: BIOL AB5. Three patients with industrial exposure to PVC (polyvinylchloride) are described, who developed angiosarcomas of the liver; in 1 patient this was combined with a multi-locular primary hepatocellular carcinoma. The epidemiology, clinical features and diagnosis are discussed, with particular reference to angiography, sonography and computerised tomography (CT). The non-invasive methods, such as CT and sonography, are the techniques of choice if an angiosarcoma is suspected after long exposure to PVC. 58 AU - Rad ike MJ i Stemmer KL ; Bingham E AO - tied. Cent., Univ. Cincinnati, Cincinnati TI - Effect of ethanol on vinyl chloride carcinogenesis SI - CA/096/137685D SO - EHP, Environ. Health Perspect.; VOL 41,, 1981,59-62 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM AB5 Four treatment groups (80 male rats/group) were used in a 2 .times. 2 factorial design: inhalation of 600 ppm vinyl chloride (VC) (75-01-43 4 h/day, 5 days/wk for 1 yr; VC and ingestion of 5X EtOH (64-17-53 in water A (voi./vol,); filtered air and EtOH; filtered air. Ingestion of EtOH was begun 4 wk prior to inhalation of VC and continued for life or termination of the study at 2.5 yr from the 1st VC exposure. In the model system, EtOH potentiated the carcinogenic response to VC in the liver and produced an excess of neoplasms in animals receiving EtOH alone. Inhalation of VC induced angiosarcoma of the liver in 3/ of the exposed animals; EtOH In addn. to VC inhalation increased the incidence to BO'/.. Concomitant administration of VC and EtOH also produced an excess of hepatocellular carcinoma and lymphosarcoma. EtOH with or without VC had a strong tumorigenlc effect on the endocrine system. Thus, EtOH is a cocarcinogen in relation to the carcinogen VC. R&S 102650 00003172 VINYL CHLORIDE. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 24 59 AU - Groth OH I Coate WB i Ulland BM ; Hornung RW AD - Oiv. Biomed. Behav. Sci., Natl, Inst, Oceup. Saf. Health. Bathesda TI - Effects of aging on the induction of angiosarcoma SI - CA/096/137684C SO - EHP. Environ. Health Perspect.; VOL 41.. 1981.53-7 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEH ABS Adult albino rats of 4 different ages (6. 18. 32. and 52 wk ) were exposed to 940 ppm vinyl chloride [75-01-43 by inhalation for 24 wk 5 days/wk, for 7 h/day. In each age group, there were 110-128 males and the same no. of females. The similarly housed control group, which was not exposed to vinyl chloride, consisted of the same no. of males and females in each age group. All animals that died spontaneously> or were sacrificed moribund, or were killed at scheduled times (3, 6. and 9 mo after initial exposure) were autopsied. All organs were examd. grossly, and several tissues from each animal were examd. microscopically. The older the rats were when they were exposed, the greater the incidence of angiosarcomas. The incidences of angiosarcomas in the 4 age groups (from youngest to oldest) in the exposed males in the nonscheduled sacrifice groups were: 0/37 (0/); 0/44 (0/); 3/45 (6.7/); and 13/55 (24/). Similarly, for the females, these incidences were.' 2/38 (5,3/); 7/47 (15/)! 23/49 (47/)J and 11/54 (20/). Most of the angiosarcomas were highly anaplastic, primary tumors in the livers that metastasized to the lungs. Only 1 angiosarcoma was seen in all the control rats, that occurred in s.c. tissue. Thus. older adult animals and females are more susceptible to the angiosarcoma-inducing effects of vinyl chloride than young adult animals and males, resp. 60 AU - Suzuki Y AD - Mt. Sinai Sch. Med.. City Univ. New York. New York TI - Neoplastic and nonneoplastic effects of vinyl chloride in mouse lung SI - CA/096/137683B SO - EHP, Environ, Health Perspect.; VOL 41,, 1981,31-52 LA - ENG AB - CBAC COPYRIGHT-' CHEM ABS Neoplastic effects of vinyl chloride (VC) t75-01-4) were studied in lungs of 27 mice exposed at 2500 and 6000 ppm for 5 and 6 mo (large doses and long-term exposure). The neoplastic cells were transformed from type II alveolar epithelium via its hyperplastic form. Nonneoplastic effects of the chem. were also studied in the 27 mice. Major light microscopic alterations obsd. were proliferation and hypertrophy of the terminal bronchiolar cells, consisting of ciliated and Clara cells, hypersecretion of the epithelial mucin in the goblet cells of both the bronchial and the proximal bronchiolar epithelium, hyperplasia of alveolar epithelium, mobilization of alveolar macrophages, and occasional presence of peribronchial or bronchiolar chronic inflammation, Submicroscopic changes of pulmonary alveoli were represented by focal thickening of the basement membrane, multiple foci of hyperplastic type II cell 00003173 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 5 R&S 102651 61 AU AD TI SI SO LA AB 6 AU AO TI SI SO LA AB (the precondition of the alveologenic tumor), active discharge of osmiophilic lamellar bodies from the type II cell and phagocytosis of the bodies by macrophages, appearance of cholesterol crystalloids in the macrophages degeneration of alveolar septal cells, and occasional appearance of a large nucleus with swelling of the capillary endothelium. The neoplastic effect of vinyl chloride of smaller doses (100, 10, 1 and 0 (control) ppm) and shorter exposure (6 wk ) was studied in lungs of 10 mice. A dose-response relation was considered in the incidence of the alveologenic tumor prodn. of VC. Thus, mouse lung is an extremely sensitive indicator of the oncogenicity of VC. Suzuki Y Environ. Sci. Lab., (It. Sinai Sch. Med., New York Electron microscopic observations of hepatic and subcutaneous hemangiosarcomas induced in mice exposed to vinyl chloride monomer CA/096/117E88Y Am. J. Ind. Med.I VOL , ISS , 1981,103-17 ENG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Both s.c. and hepatic hemangiosarcomas were induced in mice exposed to vinyl chloride (75-01-9) monomer, and for the 1st time, the ultrastrueture of hemangiosarcomas related to vinyl chloride exposure were described. The s.c. hemangiosarcoma developed in a mouse's ear 9 wk after exposure to 10 ppm vinyl chloride for 9 wk, and the hepatic hemangiosarcoma was found in a mouse's liver at necropsy 56 wk after exposure to 600 ppm vinyl chloride for 9 wk. Both tumors showed a localized, cystic nodular appearance with a dark red tone. Histol., an angiomatous architecture, the presence of neoplastic mesenchymal cell aggregates, focal necrosis, and hemorrhagic foci Were common, Ultrastrueturally, neoplastic cell types, a mesenchymal and well-differentiated endothelial cell type, were identified in both tumors. In addn., in the hepatic tumor, a pericyte-1ike neoplastic cell was also present. The incidence of hemangiosarcoma was much lower than that of lung tumors (alveologenic tumor) in mice exposed to vinyl chloride at the same conens. for the same duration. Thus, there is no basic difference in ultrastructure between the vinyl chloride-induced hemangiosarcomas and hemangiosarcomas not related to this chem. exposure. Infante PF Off. Carcinogen Identif. Class if., Occup. Saf. Health Adm., Washington Observations of the site-specific carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride to humans CA/096/128639Q EHP, Environ. Health Perspect.; VOL 91,, 1981,89-99 EHG CBAC COPYRIGHT: CHEM ABS Review careinogenicity vinyl chloride exposureJCarcImogens Vinyl chloride as, in occupational exposureJHealth hazard From vinyl chloride exposure, neoplasms in * 00003174 VINYL CHLORIDE, POLYVINYL CHLORIDE / CANCER-RELATED PAGE 26 relation to OccupationalJNeoplasm From vinyl chloride, of brain and liver and lung, occupational exposure in relation to *#*# END OF OFFLINE PRINT * * * * * R&S 102652