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CHAPTER 12
1955 Guide;
Electric Motors and Machinery
Motors and the machinery which they drive, if both are located in the room, convert all of the electrical energy supplied into heat. This heat is retained in the room if the product manufactured is not removed until its temperature is the same as the room temperature.
If power is transmitted to the machinery from the outside, then only the heat equivalent of the brake horsepower supplied is used. In some mills this is the chief source of heating, and it is frequently sufficient to overheat the building even in zero weather, thus requiring cooling by ventilation the year round. Table 7 shows the heat output equivalent
Table 7. Heat Equivalents of Varioos Sources*
Machinery (Motor in room) = Motor Hp/efficiency x 2544
Btu/hr.
Machinery (Motor outside room) = Motor Hp x 2544
Btu/hr.
Electric Lights
= Kilowatts x 3413
Btu/hr.
Gas (Producer = 150) (Manufactured = 535) (Natural = 1000) Btu/cu ft.
Additional values are given in Chapter 13, Table 26.
of various sources of heat in a factory. For information concerning the heat supplied by persons, refer to data given in Chapter 6, and also Table 25, Chapter 13. For appliances see Table 26, Chapter 13.
INTERMITTENTLY HEATED BUILDINGS
In the case of intermittently heated buildings additional heat is required for raising the temperature of the air, the building materials and the ma- terial contents of the building to the specified inside temperature. The rate at which this additional heat must be supplied depends upon the heat capacity of the structure and its material contents, and upon the time to which these are to be heated.15
This additional heat may be computed and allowed for as conditions re quire, but inasmuch as the heating system proportioned for taking care of the heat losses will usually have a capacity about 100 percent greater than that required for average winter weather, and inasmuch as most buildings may either be continuously heated or have more time allowed for heating up during the few minimum temperature days, no allowance usually is made, except in the size of boilers or furnaces. For churches, auditoriums and other intermittently heated buildings, additional capacity should be provided.
RESIDENCE HEAT LOSS PROBLEMS
The following Examples 6 and 7 will illustrate the procedure for calcu lating the heat loss of a residence, uninsulated and insulated, in accordance with the recommendations given in this chapter.
Example 6: Calculate the heat loss of the residence shown in Fig. 2 located in the vicinity of Chicago. From Table 1, design outdoor conditions are --10 F and 12 rop" wind velocity. Inside temperature from Table 2 is assumed to be 70 F. The attic unheated. Assume ground temperature to be 50 F (see Fig. 3, Chapter 35) uau& basement and garage floors and 32 F adjoining basement walls. Estimate infiltration losses by the air change method. No wall, ceiling or roof insulation is to be con sidered in this problem, but all first and second floor windows, except in the garagc>
r
Heating Load
265
Table 8.- Heat Loss Calculation Sheet for Uninsulated Residence
(Fig. 2)
A Room or . Space Bedroom A and Closet
Bedroom B aod Closet
Bedroom C and Closet
Bedroom D and Closet
Bathroom 1
Bathroom 2
Living Room
Lining Room
Kitchen and Entrance Garage
uytto and Vestibule
Entrance Hall
Uarage
3reation Room*
-----_____
1. B .
tC D E F G
Part op Structure or Infiltration Air Changes
Net Area or Air Volume ,
Co Em CI ENT
Temp. Diff.
Walla Class Ceiling .
Infiltration (H)*
236 sq It
40 sq ft 252 sq ft 1610 cfhb
0.28 0.45 0.69 0.018
80
8 . 39.3d 80
Walla Glass Ceiling
Infiltration (M)*
166 sq ft 40 sq ft 170 sq ft .1020 cfhb
0.28 0.45 0.69 0.018
80 80 ^
80
Walla GlassCeiling
Infiltration (H)*
114 sq ft
27 sq ft 129 sq ft 87Icfbb
0.28 0.45 0.69 0.018
80
so , 39.8* 80
Walls Glass Ceiling Floor over garage Infiltration (H)*
118 sq ft 20 aq ft
110 sq ft
110 sq ft 6S0rfhb
0.28 0.45 0.69
0.25 0.018
80
80 ^ 39.3d 35* 80
Walls Glass Ceiling
Infiltration (I)*
30 sq ft 14 sq ft
.56 sq ft 440cfhb
0.28 0.45 0.69 0.018
80
80 -A 39.8* 80
Walla Glass Ceiling Floor over garage
Infiltration (1)*
79 eq ft
9 sq ft 35 sq ft
35 sq.ft ' 280cfnb
0.26 0.45
0.69 0.25
0.018
80 80 39.3d
35 80
Walla
Walls (adjoining garage) Glass Floor
Infiltration OH)1*
267 sq ft 94 aq ft 50 sq ft
294 sq ft 3745 cfhb
0.28. 0.39* 0.45
0.018
80 35 80
80
Walls Glass (doors) Glass (windows) Floor
Infiltration (lH)'
166 sq ft 35 sq ft 20 sq ft
168 sq.ft 2140 cfnb
0.28 0.85 0.45
0.018
80 80 80 .
80
Walls
Walls (adjoining garage) Glass Door Floor
Infiltration OH)'
96 sq ft
51 sq ft 18 sq ft 17 sq ft
125 sq ft 1595 cfhb
0.28. 0.39* 0.45 0.51
0.018
80 35 80 35
80
Walls Walls (adjoining garage) Glass
Door Floor
Infiltration OH)*
82 sq ft
.. 85 sq ft 9 sq ft 19 sq ft
30 sq .ft 383 cfhb
0.28, 0.39( 0.45 0.51
0.018
80 35 80 80
80
Walls Door Ceiling*1 Infiltration (2)*
39 sq ft 21 sq ft
87 sq.ft 1110cfhb
0.28 0.38 0.69 0.01S
80 80
39.3d 80
Walla Glass Doors
Infiltration (1H)" Floor Gain adjoining rooms
167 sq ft
53 sq ft 44 sq ft
2360 cfhb 29 ft*;
0.28 1.13 0.51 0.018* 0.81
45 45
45 4$ 45
Walls Glass Floor
Infiltration (1)
220 sq ft
8 sq ft 287 sq ft 2010 cfhb
0.10
1.13 0.10 0.018
38 80 20 80
Heat Loss (Btu per .hour).
5330 1440 6910 2180
3490 1440 4660 1470
2560 970
3540 1260
2650 720
3020 960* 950
670 500 1510 630
1640 320 960 310 400
5980 1280* 1800
5400
3720 2380
720
3080
2150 700* 650 300
2300
1840 U6QP 320 780
550
870 640 2390 1600
2110 2700 1010 1910 1060 -4410*
840 720 570 2890
Totals (Btu per - - hour)
15,860 11,060 8.330
8.300 3,310 3,630 14,460 9,900
6,100
4.650 5.500
4,380 5,020
TOTAL
100,500