Document QX0x7q3b7ndwZRod8YrdkJXd5

Asbestos And Health For Additional Copies or For Further Information Contact THE ASBESTOS INFORMATION ASSOCIATION / NORTH AMERICA 22 E. 40th Street New York, New York 10016 (212) 689-3378 103 D 3' THE ASBESTOS INFORMATION ASSOCIATION / NORTH AMERICA HWBUI0004950 5. Possible association between past exposure to asbestos and cancer of sites other than lung, pleura and peritoneum; 6. Relationship between asbestosis and risk of carcinoma. The asbestos manufacturing industry will continue to support and cooperate in research projects of this nature. The Asbestos Information Association, for example, is presently sponsoring a study at the Harvard Sehool of Public Health on chest asculation (breathing sounds) as an early detection device in the diagnosis of asbestos-related disease. While this needed additional information and data is being developed, the industry will take all steps necessary to assure a safe working environment for its employees and for applicators and fabricators of asbestos-containing products. 8 Asbestos and Human Health Asbestos, used since antiquity, has widespread and important applications in our modern technological society. Approximately 3,000 different products containing asbestos are in daily use throughout the world. Its increased use in the 20th century has lent urgency to the need to cope with occupational health problems related to the excessive inhalation of asbestos dust. Such problems are not unique to the asbestos industry. Many substances and materials in common use today can be detrimental to the health and safety of industrial workers under uncontrolled conditions. A vital and widely used raw material, asbestos is but one of a number of potentially harmful substances used by industry. Basically, the known facts about asbestos-related disease can be summed up as follows: First, asbestos-related health risks today are almost exclusively confined to the occupational setting. Second, the effects of excessive inhalation of asbestos are both time and dose related. This means that asbestos-related diseases may develop, generally, only after the inhalation of substantial amounts of asbestos dust over a substantial period of time. Thus, there are levels of exposure that will not result in any increased risk of disease. Third, there is presently no evidence of risk to the general public from exposure to the minute amount of asbestos that have been found in community air. Fourth, because of the long latent period of asbestos-related disease, the disease being found today among some long-term industry employees is not an indication of present day conditions, but is a result of conditions existing decades ago, at a time when neither the industry, government, nor the medical profession knew very much about the health effects of asbestos and even less about the proper means for their control. 1 HWBUI0004951 /' L i AnBuoijBuiajui pue Aubuoijbu seuioipqjosaui isauojuad pue isjnajd jo saouappui ui saBusqo JBjnoas ! sasBD Buioqaqjosaui jo sSunj aqj ui sojsaqsB jo adAj puB junouiy '8 1 sojsaqss jo Ajaijba auo Ajuo oj ajnsodxa Buimoijoj s'sjsij jaausa ssaaxa jo juauissassy z ! suoijipuoD snopjszsq jo uoijBDijtjuapi aqj ut puB sjaouBD sojsaqse puB sisojqij aAissajSojd jo uoijuaAajd aqj ui uoijoajap Apea jo ssaujnjasn I : papnpui asaqx sjaafoad urejjaa joj pajn ajaAv saijpopd qBiq puB `saipnjs jBDiBojoqjBd puB {BaiSojiuiapida uo paaBjd sbm siSBqduig anjBA uuaj-Buoj puB ajBipauiun jo 5jjom joj saijpopd pajeoipui puB qojBasaj jaqjjnj joj suoijBpuauuuooaj apsui aaauBQ uo qojBasay joj AouaSy jBuoijBUJajuj aqx ZIM ajei ui :papaau pijs si aaoui qonj\[ sJsaA uaj jsBd aqj Supnp uaipjjapun saipnjs jBoipaui jo jjnsaj aqj si ajqBjiBAB mou BjBp puB uoijbuijojui \\e jo juao jad 06 ApjBunxojddB `qjIBajj iBjuauiuojiAug puB iBuoijBdnooo jo ajnjijsuj aqj jo jBujaj isAuiajj JQ oj Buipjoooy pjo apBoap b UBqj ssaj si assasip pajBpj-sojsaqsB jnoqB uoijbuijojui jBDipaui jp jo jJBd jajeajS aqj jBqj japisuoo noA uaqM Apepadsa -- aunj jjoqs Aj3a b ui qjpaq puB sojsaqsB jnoqB pauieaj uaaq ssq qanj^ Apjqs sjonpojd Buiupjuoo-sojsaqse puB sojsaqsB SuqpuBq jo spoqjaui paAOjduii jo Avau dopAap ,oj SuppoM Ajjubjsuod ajB sjjadxa jojjuod pjuauiuojiAua Ajjsnpui `uoijippB uj sojsaqsB jo sjaajja pDiBojoiq aqj jo aBpajMouq juo oj AijubdijiuSis pajnqpjuoo aABq Apuapuadapui Buijdb saiuBduioa pnpiAipui Aq osp puB sapuaSB omj asaqj Aq pajosuods qajsasaj jo sjjnsaj aqx 'Ajjsnpui SupnjDEjnueui sojsaqsB qsijug aqj Aq pajosuods `ipunoQ qajBasay sisojsaqsy aqj pus `uoijBpossy Suiuij\[ sojsaqsy oaqanfr aqj Aq pajosuods si qoiqM `pajjuoj\[ ui (H30I) WPaH pjuauiuojiAug puB jBuoijBdnaoo jo ajnjijsuj aqj ajB qajBasaj qjpaq-sojsaqsB joj spunj jo saajnos pjuauiiuaAoB-uou jsaSjEj aqj jo omj `jdbj uj Ajjsnpui sojsaqsB ppoM aqj Aq ui pajBJadooa jo pajosuods Z uoijBjndod pjauaB aqj ui UBqj Apuanbajj ajoui sjuddo ji saauBjsumajp auios japun `saop sisojsaqsB UBqj sjaqjoM ijsnpui sojsaqsB Buouib Ajjuanbajj ssaj jbj sjuddo jodubd Sunj apqAV .iooubd Bunj jo qsu pasBajaui ub qjiM ajnsodxa sojsaqsB Zvsaq paquq aABq saipnjs jBDipaui jo laqrnnu y jaouBO (3un-|) oiuaSoqauojg sjuBjd SuissaDOjd puB sauiui sojsaqsB oj Xjiuiixojd asop ui Buiaij ajdoad Buouib uoao `aqqnd jBjauaB aqj ui punoj uaaq ssq jaAau sisojsaqsB `pauiuuajap aq ubd sb jbj sy qjjBaq .sjaqjOM joajojd oj spjBnSajBs pajuauiajduii ssq puB asBasip siqj jo qsu aqj paziuBoaaj Buoj seq Ajjsnpui sojsaqsB aqx saijinDijjip jnoqjiM saAq jbuijou pBaj puB qjOM oj anuijuoa op puB ubd sasBD jouiui qjiM sjaqjOM sojsaqsB XuBp\[ JBjbj XjuBssaDau jou jubuSiibui jaqjpu si sisojsaqsy sjBaX uaj sb Maj sb ui pajjodaj uaaq aABq sasBD auios qSnoqjiB `sjBaX i\ si sisojsaqsB jo suSis popup jsjij aqj oj ajnsodxa jsjij uiojj usds auiij aSBJaAB aqx suoijipuoo paipjjuoD XpjBnbapBui japun sojsaqsB qjiM Aisnonuijuoo puB ApBinSaj paipoAV aABq oqM asoqj Buouib Xpo punoj si puB sassaum pajBpj sojsaqsB aajqj aqj jo uouiuioo jsoui aqj si jj sasoiuoaouinaud paqBD sasBasip Sunj aqj jo auo si pub'Suijjbds Bunj Aq pazuajDBJBqo assasip iBuoijBdnoDO ub si siqx sisojsaqsy pasBajoui AijubdijiuBis bjb sqsu jBqj uoijsanb aujq si ajaqj jnq -- qjBap puB assasip ui jjnsaj A[iJBSsaoau jou saop ajnsodxa AABaq paSuopjj Buioipqjosaui pus `jaouso (Bun]) oiuaBoqouoiq `sisojsaqsB ajs Aaqx sjaqij sojsaqsB jo uoijBisqui XAsaq puB paSuojojd Aq pajsqjaosxa jo pasnsa aq oj uMOuq sassasip Ajsuiud aajqj aiB ajaqx sqsjg |BuoijBdnooo pajoadsns pue umouji jib AjiunuiuioD aqj ojui jaqij sojsaqsB aajj jo suoissiuia Suijbuiuiip ui pus sojsaqss qjiM qjoM oqM asoqj Buijaajojd ui sjboA aqj jaAO ssajSojd pijusjsqns apsui sBq qoiqM `Ajjsnpui SuunjDBjnusui sojsaqss aqj Aq paziuBoaaj ipm ajs sjdbj asaqx HWBUI0004952 asbestos-health problem. Meeting immediately after the October 1972 Lyon Conference on the Biological Effects of Asbestos, the Committee, with representation from ten different countries, drafted the following opinions on asbestosrelated disease and the general public. Asbestosis: "There is at present no evidence of lung damage by asbestos to the general public. The amount of asbestos in the lungs of members of the general public is very small, compared to those occupationally exposed." Lung Cancer: "The evidence ... suggests that an excess lung carcinoma risk is not detectable when the occupational exposure has been low. These low occupational exposures have almost certainly been much greater than that to the public from general air pollution. " Mesothelioma: "There is no evidence of a risk to the general public at present." Because of some recent controversy in the United States and Canada on this subject, the question was also examined whether there is any "evidence of an increased risk of cancer resulting from asbestos fibres present in water, beverages, food or in the fluids used for the administration of drugs." The answer of the Committee was: "Such evidence as there is does not indicate any risk. " While the conclusions of these two eminent scientific bodies should be reassuring to those concerned with the presence of minute amounts of asbestos in the ambient air, the asbestos manufacturing industry in the United States will continue in its efforts to reduce asbestos emissions so that potentially hazardous levels will never be permitted to develop in the future. Asbestos and Health Research Extensive medical and technical research into the health effects of asbestos and the proper means for their control is being conducted in laboratories throughout the world. A significant percentage of this research is being sponsored, co- 6 As with asbestosis, the amount of fiber to which an employee, is exposed is an important factor in lung cancer development. A continuing study of workers in a British asbestos textile plant has shown that dust control measures, which had substantially reduced the incidence of asbestosis, also reduced the incidence of lung cancer among the workers to that existing in the general public. In addition, it is the considered opinion of many scientists that lung cancer will not develop in an employee if he did not first have asbestosis. Unquestionably, factors other than heavy asbestos exposure are important in the causation of lung cancer among asbestos industry workmen. The most documented example is cigarette smoking. Studies conducted of as many as 17,500 asbestos insulation workers show that those who smoke have a much greater risk of contracting lung cancer than non-smokers in the general public, but that those asbestos industry workmen who do not now smoke cigarettes and who have never smoked regularly, have no greater risk of lung cancer than the average man-in-the-street who does not smoke. Mesothelioma This disease is an extremely rare cancer of the lining of the chest (pleura) or the abdominal cavity (peritoneum). It is found more frequently among those with occupational asbestos exposure than among the general population. It also has been found among people who, in the past, lived in close proximity to uncontrolled crocidolite asbestos plants or mines, and even, on rare occasions, in the households of employees who worked in crocidolite asbestos factories or mines and who presumably brought substantial quantities of .this particular type of asbestos fiber into their homes on their work clothes. This has not been found to be the case with individuals exposed only j;o chrysotile asbestos, \yhich accounts for 97% of the asbestos fiber used in the U.S. toddy. Since the latent period for mesothelioma ranges from 30 to 45 years, it is impossible at this late date to determine precisely the exposure levels experienced by these "neighborhood" and "household" cases, however, they were probably quite high by 3 HWBUI0004953 9 aqj jo sjoadsB nB u0 uoiuido {Boiparn pjjom juasajd jo snsuaouoo aqj sjuasajdaj aajjiuiuioQ itiosiApy DHVI oqj jo jjodaj aqx ((XjiAa3uoj jo qjpaq joajjB uoijBjndod pjauaS aqj jo sjaquiaui jsoui ui punoj sjaqij jo sjaquinu ijbuis aqj juqj aouapiAa ou st ajaqj,, jsqj juauiajBjs aqj qjiM papnpuoa jjodaj aqx <(jib juatquiB uiojj saansodxa jq3qs jo ajBjapoui pBq aABq oqM `oqqnd pjauaS aqj `puBq jaqjo aqj uo `oj juaui&qduia jiaqj ui sojsaqsB oj pasodxa Aipajipui puB Xjjoajip aJB oqM asoqj `puBq auo aqj uo `jo aoua -uadxa Ajijbjjoui aqj uiojj ajBpdBJjxa jouubo auo,, :pojejs jaqjjnj jjodaj aqj `sojsaqsB oj pjBaj qjiM pauuojuiun aqj Aq paqaBaj Ajjuanbajj adAj aqj jo suoisnpuoo jsuibSb Suiujbm ,/sSuni Jiaqj ui sjaqij jo saipoq snouiSnjjaj aq Aeui ajaqj qBnoqj uaAa `uisBjdoau jo qsij pasBajout Aub aABq -- sajnsodxa pooqjoqqSiau jo ppqasnoq `[BUOijBdnooo jnoqjiM -- uoijBpdod pjauaS aqj ui suosjad jBqj aouapiAa ou si ajaqj,, jBqj pajBjs `qjpaq puB sojsaqsB uo sjjadxa doj s,uoijbu aqj jo uaAas jo pajsisuoo qoiqM `puBj sojsaqsy SVN ,,`spjjuoo uoijnipj jry jo AjqiqisBajj puy JOjj paa>j aqx : sojsaqsy,, `pajjijua `japooq xx6I sji uj uoijbziubSjo qjIBajj PJJOAV oqj jo uoisiAip b `jaauBO uo qajBasajj joj AouaSy jBUOijBUjajuj aqj jo sjaauBQ sojsaqsy uo aajjiuiuioQ XjostApy jaquiaui gg aqj puB `sjuBjnipd auaqdsouijy jo sjaajjg oiSopig uo aajjiuiuioo ^saouapg jo AuiapBoy jbuoijbm aqj jo puBj sojsaqsy aqj qjoq Aq pajjoddns si uoisnpuoo siqx suoijBjndod pasodxa AqBuoijBdnaao ui asBasip jo ssaaxa ou ui jpsaj oj pajBJjsuouiap uaaq aABq qoiqM spAd{ UBqj jomoj sauiij AubUi ajB qoiqM `sojsaqsB auJoqjiB jo sjunouiB ajnuiui asaqj oj ajnsodxa uiojj assasip pajupj-sojsaqsB Aub pajOEjjuoa jaAa SBq aijqnd pjauaS aqj ui auoAuB jBqj -- qojBasaj oijijuaps uiojj jo aouauadxa uiojj jaqjp -- aouapiAa ou si ajaqj jsqj `jaAaMoq `si qjnjj aqx Asdojns jb sjajpMp Ajp jo sSuiq aqj ui (sojsaqsB uibjuoo sauiipuios qoiqM) saipoq snouiSnjjaj paqBa-os puB sjaqtj sojsaqsB aajj jo sSuipuij aqj jo sjjodaj juanbajj aqj ojb sb `pjbSoj siqj ui XpAisuajxa pajp ajB Buioipqjosaui jo sasBa (ppqasnoq,, puB ^pooqjoqqSia^,, jib Ajiunuuuoo ui punoj Supq jsnp sojsaqsB jo sjunouiB ajnuiui aqj Xq pajaSuBpua si aqqnd {BJauaS aqj jo qjpaq aqj jnqj ((joojd,, sb sjaqjo pus suspijipd `sjsqBjuauiuojiAua `sjajuM auios Xq pajp Xjjuanbajj uaaq aABq suoijBjndod pasodxa XjjBuoijBdnaao Suouib asBasip pappj-sojsaqsB ssaaxa jo sjjodaj iBaipaj^ 3!iqnd pjauag aqj pue sojsaqsy uoisnpuoa aAijiuijap b joj Ajubds ooj si aauapiAa aqj jBqj st uoiuido paipaui jo snsuaouoo aqx `JdOUBO jo ad) siqj jo asBaJoui ou pajjodaj aABq sjaqojnasaj jaqjo sdnoj Xjjsnpui pasodxa XjiABaq auios Suouib jooubo puijsajupjjsBS jo sajBj jBiujou-UBqj-jaqSiq pajjodaj aABq SJaqojBasaj auios sjouinijaqio 'paApsajun uibuioj XJiAA. uoijsanb Buioipqjosaui aqj `pajBgijsaAui XjqSnojoqj ajB sjojobj juBjJoduii XnBnba jaqjo puB asaqj jijun UMOuqun si aq jqSiui sasnBO jaqjo asoqj jBqM `^pjBunjjojufj sojsaqsB sapisaq Buioipqjosaui jo sasnso jaqjo ajB ajaqj jBqj uiBjjao osjb si ji sjjadxa poipaui Suouib suiajqojd pajapisuoo qijs ajB uoijiuSooaj puB sisouSBip sji `iijpjiqx sjaqjo usqj buioij -aqjosaui asnBO oj Xpqq ajoui ajB (ajisouiB puB ajqoppojo) sojsaqsB jo saijaiJBA uiBjjao jBqj Xpqij ApSiq sjsaddB ji `Xjpuooas '8961 "I Suipua pouad jBaX uaj aqj ui pajjodaj ajaM sasBo S9X ^po `ajduiBxa joj `bpbubq jo jjb uj jjbuis jfpAijBpj qijs si `ABpoj uaAa `punoj Suiaq sasBO jo jaqumu aqj `aoBid jsjij aqj uj sjojobj jo jaquinu b Xq pajBoqduioo si uiajqojd Buioipqjosaui aqj oj sjaMsuB joj qojsas aqx sajnpaoojd puB saoiAap XjajBS jBujsnpui, paojojua ^ijoijjs Xq paonpaj uaaq aABq adXj siqj jo sajnsodxg pip oqM asoqj oj ^jiuiixojd asop ui SuiifJOM Xq jaqij aujoqjiB jo suoijBJjupoqoo yfABaq oj pasodxa ajaM `sojsaqsB qjiM Xjjoajip SuiqjOM jou ajiqM `oqM sjoaCojd uoijoiujsuoo uo pus spjB^diqs ui saaXojduia Suouib pajjodaj uaaq osjb aABq sasBo jo jaquinu jpuis XpAijBpj y pajBuiuiqa ajaM suoijipuoo snopjBZBq XjiBijuajod asaqj `jno puB juBjd ui qjoq `spAaj jsnp sojsaqsB jo pjjuoo aqj joj padopAap sbm ASopuqoaj sb `asBO Xub uj `spjBpUBjs s^Bpoj HWBUI0004954