Document QJLNgnbQdbQ22NODwLR1bxbQ5

FILE N A M E : U n io n C a rb id e (U C ) DATE: 1982 Nov 12 DOC#: UC130 D O C U M E N T DESCRIPTIO N: M e llo n R ep o rts fro m 1 9 6 6 & 1 9 7 1 RE A sb esto s w ith Cover M em o INTERNAL CORRESPONDENCE UNION CAR BID E M E T A L S D IV IS IO N CO RPORATION p .o . B O X 1 0 2 0 , G R A N D J U N C T I O N , C O L O R A D O B 1 5 D 2 C303J 2 A 5 -3 7 0 Q to (Name) Division R " " Area D. L. Haywood Metals - P2599 Danbury, CT Copy to R. F. X. Fusaro 0. L. Myers E. A. Piersall R. W. Rebholz IW. C. Thurber- R. F. Wolff oace November 29, 1982 on0TMo n9Dapc. E/R-Occupationa'i Health A rea subject: Reporting of "Health and Safety Studies ':o EPA" und^r TSCA Section 8(d) {A.3:l2rZl2) c> " This confirms my telephone conversation of November 24, 1982, with Mr. R. G. Hanlon. The only potentially reportable items that have been identified by the Metals Division are as follows: 1. A 1966 report by the Mellon Institute on our California Asbestos (copy of coversheet attached). 2. A 1971 report by the Mellon Institute on R6-244 Asbestos (copy of coversheet attached). 3. Several summaries comparing the results of sputum cytology testing of employees at our King City mill to a non-mining population. Two representative examples are attached. 4. A deposition presented by Dr. Hyde in connection with a third party liability case in South Carolina where UCC was a defendant. A copy is being obtained and will be provided for your review as soon as it is available. The first two items, i.e., the Mellon Institute studies, are presently defined as confidential. Since they are more than 10 years old, however, they do not appear to be reportable. On this basis, we do not plan to review them in terms of updated confidentiality considerations unless notified that this needs to be done. The third item relating to sputum cytology testing appears to be "grey" in terms of reportability. Dr. Saccomanno has done no more than look over the results and conclude informally that nothing out of the ordinary is occurring at King City. (E. A. Piersall letter of November 22, 1977.) UCC 010094 -2- The attempt to formalize this as shown in the January 10, 1978, letter of 0. J. Malacarne is, unfortunately, misleading. The "non-miner" reference population used for the analysis was made up of persons who checked into a local hospital and were willing to provide sputum samples for analysis. It is not necessarily representative of even the general population and was not matched n any way with the King City workers. The results shown are thus largely meaningless. This type of analysis was carried out for several years until the problem was recognized and the effort was discontinued. Please advise if these and other similar summaries need to be reported. The final item regarding the deposition also seems to be of questionable reporta bility. Dr. Hyde has served as the physician for the King City asbestos mill for many years. He has operated on a fee-for-services basis and is not under con tract. He has all of the medical records but beyond the deposition mentioned above has made no formal attempt to analyze the results in detail. Advise on reportability is also needed here. Very truly yours, HBR/sw Attachment H. B. Rhodes UCC 010095 Confidential Special Report 36-70 7 Pages Ri 9 -3 -7 1 Chemical Hygiene Fellowship MELLON INSTITUTE Carnegie-Mellon University Calldria Asbestos-Resin Crade RG 266 Tracheal Insufflation of Rat Lungs with Interpretation of Pathology after 30, 60, 90 and IBP Paya Editor: C P. Carpenter Contributorei D. L. Geary, Jr., E, R. Kinkead, R, C. Myers, D, J. Nachreiner For: UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, Chemical! and Plastic* Operation* Division Sample A 500-gram sample of Resin Grade RC 266 UCC Calldria Asbestos was received 11-30-70, from King City, California, pursuant to arrangements made by Paul McDaniel of the Nev York Office, The sample was identified by the Chemical Hygiene Fellowship #33-251. Tracheal Insufflation A 12 (W/V) suspension of the RG 266 sample was prepared in 0.852 saline. All needles, syringes and suspensions were sterilized prior to use. Either 1 ml or 0.5 ml amounts of the sterile 12 suspension were Injected Into the rat lung through the trachea, exposed by blunt dissection, after a midline cervical incision. Following injection of these 200 to 300 gram, male albino, Harlan Wistar rata the incisions were closed with Michael wound clamps until healing ensued. A total of 13 rats were dosed with 1 ml and 15 with 0.5 ml of the 12 suspension while 11 control rats received 1 ml of sterile 0.852 NaCl. Three rats from each asbestos dosed group and 2 controls were killed for histopathologic examination of the lung after intervals of 30, 60 and 90 days which left groups of 6, 6 and 5 rats on the 1 ml, 0.5 ml asbestos and control for the 180 day sacrifice. Summary of Microscopic Pathology Found 30, 60, 90 and 180 Days Following Tracheal Insufflation of Rats . The 30-day pathology was marked by the presence of granulation tissue with thickening of the-structural elements of the lung (stroma) and the accumulation of giant cells often associated with foreign bodies. UCC 010096 --Lnni den tia1 Report 29--f*^ / b . 1 7 ' MELLON INSTITUTE Special Report R: 7-8-66 /ffJ yXti H '' 12 pages The Flbrogenic Potential of Asbestos Products via Intraperitoneal Injection in Guinea Pigs, Rats and Rabbits and by the Intratracheal Route in the Rat Chemicals Bivision, Union Carbide Corporation Industrial Fellowship 274-29 The results of intraperitoneal administration indicate that the asbestos products studied produced fibrotic lesions of the visceral organs in rats and guinea pigs regardless of fiber length. Of the three products, CMS-100 (refined fiber), produces the most severe reaction. JT-100 (standard fiber) and JM-3K (Johns Manville screened fiber) produced similar but less severe reactions. The results on rabbits were inconclusive. Both JT-100 and CMS-100 produced specific lesions in rats by the intra tracheal route but with JT-100 they were more severe. No lesions were found in the rats which received JM-3K fibers. These results indicate that these three asbestos fibers may be fibrogenic by either route. No specific lesions were observed in the lungs of the JM-3K intratracheal rats, but only two rats survived to be examined. Samples . The following samples were shipped to Mellon Institute at the Mr. Paul VI. McDaniel who furnished the descriptive information. Designation of Asbestos Product rf . *CTS~100 Fiber (same as JT-100 Fiber) "Standard Fiber" containing impuri ties in the form of clay and magne tite. A short fiber. ' Source Sterling Forest Quan tity.. 8 oz. Date Received 8-14-63 request of M. I. Sample Number 26-220 *CMS-100 Fiber "Refined Fiber" with lesser impurities than JT-100. A short fiber. Sterling Forest 8 oz. 8-14-63 26-219 * The individual fibers for most part had lengths of 0.9 to 10 microns, hut there were some as long as 30 microns and some that were less than 0.5 micron. The diameters of the fiber were generally 0.3 to 1.2 m i c r o n s , but there were smaller sires noted. The clay-magnetite particles were mostly 0.5 to 3.0 microns in diameter but there were some present as small as 0.08 micron (by electron microscope). UCC 010097 U C M'.|, ! i c" ..iti'Ui>i;r^Cc 1. 7 . T^fN...n"i Division t.,OCdIlL*n Dr. H. B. Rhodes Metals Division P. 0. Box 579 Niagara Falls, NY 14301 Copy to Messrs. E. A. Piersall J. W. Rawlings E. W. Shortridge W. C. Thurber P 0. BOX 1023, GRAND JUNCTION, C0t.0HA00 o>te Oriqindtmg Dept. Answering letter rt.ite Subject January 10, 1978 Sputum Cytology Results King City Dear Harry: As per our telephone conversation, I am attaching information regarding the Fourth Quarter 1977 sputum cytology survey results from King City. I have also included the following additional information for your use: a) Smoking history and work history of the King City Plant population by age group (Table II) b) A summary of a survey by Dr. Saccomanno for 2,025 non-miners giving sputum cytology results for smokers and non-smokers by age group (Table III) c) Original data sheets prepared by Dr. Saccomanno for miners and non-miners. In Table I, I have applied Dr. Saccomanno's data for non-miners against the King City population. I appreciate the dangers of doing this, since the King City population is small (64 people) and is not necessarily similar to Dr. Saccomanno's population in regard to sex, type of work, etc. The results in Table I are interesting, however, and indicate the following: a) For non-smokers, where the King City population had two employees with a mild atypical and none with moderate atypical cytology, Dr. Saccomanno's data indicated that we should have had eight employees with mild atypical and one with moderate atypical cytology. b) For employees who smoke or did smoke, the King City population had 10 employees with mild atypical and none with moderate atypical cytology. Dr. Saccomanno's data indicated that we should have had 25 employees with mild atypical and six with moderate atypical cytology. UCC 010098 Dr. H. B. Rhodes January 10, 1978 Page 2 c) Considering all the employees as a group, our incidence of 12 employees with mild atypical compares to a prediction of 33 employees with mild atypical and eight with moderate atypical cytology. The grouping comparison is not too far off base, since the ratio of smokers/non-smokers for the King City popu lation closely parallels the non-miner population in total and by age group. As you pointed out on the telephone, we are probably working with a "healthier" population at King City than Dr. Saccomanno used. It does seem important to me, though, that the comparisons indicate that our frequency of mild atypical cytology is no worse than Dr. Saccomanno's population of non-miners. I'm sure that, if the comparison were unfavorable, we would be greatly concerned. I don't know if we can do much with this information in terms of outside publicity. Would you review our results or have someone well versed in the validity of these types of comparison review the data. Let me know what you find out. If you need more information, let us know. Very truly yours 0JM:gt Ends. UCC 010099 TABLE I KING CITY SPUTUM CYTOLOGY COMPARISON ACTUAL VERSUS PREDICTED FROM NON-MINER POPULATION TESTED BY DR. SACCOMANNO Age Groups Non-Smokers 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 Smokers 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 Grouped Data 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 Normal Regular A* P* Mild Atypical A P Moderate Atypical A 9 6 8 4 1 1 0 0 "0' 0' 18 11 1 3 0 1 0 4 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 8 0 1 16 6 8 3 6 2 3 1 1~~ '"r1" 1 10 0 1 3 7 0 1 2 4 0 2 2 3 0 1 "2 1 0 1 34 13 10 25 0 6 25 12 16 6 7 3 3 1 1 1 62 23 2 13 3 11 3 5 ' 2 3 - J2- 1 12 33 0 1 0 2 0. 2 0 1 0 1 0 8 Group Totals 10 8 2 0 0 20 17 11 8 5 3" 44 27 19 10 5 3 64 Actual Predicted UCC OIOIOO ''Vi TABLE II KING CITY SPUTUM CYTOLOGY SUMMARY AND POPULATION DESCRIPTION Category Employees Distribution % Smoking Histories Non-Smokers Did Smoke Smokers Total Smokers Distribution Smoke % Non-Smoke % King City Work Exposure 0- 5 years 5-10 years 10-15 years 15+ years 20-29 27 42.2 10 0 17 17 58.6 37.0 21 5 1 0 30-39 19 29.7 8 2 9 n 57.9 41.1 3 5 11 0 Age Groups 40-49 50-59 10 5 15.6 7.8 2 2 6 8 80.0 20.0 0 1 4 5 100.0 0.0 3 0 1 1 4 4 2 0 Sputum Cytology Results Normal or Regular Mild NS* S* 9 16 1 1 NS S 8 8 0 3 NS S 1 6 1 2 NS S 0 3 0 2 Distribution Norm-Reg (2) 90 94 100 73 Mild (%) 10 6 0 17 50 75 50 25 - 60 - 40 60-69 3 4.7 0 2 1 3 100.0 0.0 0 0 3 0 NS S 0 1 0 2 - 33 - 67 Total 64 100 Dist. % - 20 - 7 37 44 - 68.8 31.2 - 27 42.2% 12 18.8% 23 35.9% 2 3.1% 100.0% 52 81.2 12 18.8 Note: Two employees (3.0%) who did smoke were in the 20-29 age group and 0-5 year work exposure category gave inconclusive tests and are not included in the tabulations. *Non-Smokers *Smokers or Did Smoke UCC 010101 TABLE III SPUTUM CYTOLOGY COMPARISON DR. SACCOMANNO DATA - PULMONARY CYTOLOGY - NON-MINERS Non-Miner Population Distribution: Percent By Age Group UCC 010102 Category 20-29 NS S Normal/Regular(%) 23.0 Mild (%) 13.5 22.6 35.3 Moderate (%) 2.0 3.6 Marked Carcinoma <%) 0.0 0.0 (%) 0.0 0.0 Subtotal (2) 38.5 61.5 Number of Cases 97 155 252 ____________Age Groups TO-39 40-49 NS $ NS S 15.7 13.5 5.9 16.7 17.4 42.6 10.8 41.8 1.3 8.5 2.7 18.1 0.0 1.0 0.2 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 34.4 65.6 19.6 80.4 105 200 87 356 305 443 50-59 NS S 3.8 12.8 6.6 42.4 2.6 20.1 0.7 5.0 1.7 4.3 15.4 84.6 89 489 578 60-69 NS S 2.9 10.3 7.6 36.0 4.9 21 .3 .7 8.3 1.3 6.7 17.4 82.6 78 369 447 Totals NS S 8.2 14.4 10.2 40.0 2.9 16.1 0.4 4.0 0.8 3.0 22.5 77.5 456 1,569 2, 025 UCC 010103 PULMONARY CYTOLOGY NONMINERS cytology NORMAL REGULAR l MILD ATYPICAL squamous m e t a p l a s ia MODERATE ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA MARKED ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA 19-13 4 * 11 1 20-29 '''42 *. p * M 15 v '.v > i '`i t v i-'p g * * 30-33 AGE GROUPS 40-49 53-53 EO-ns Ml j-L :.i< 2an d __1 ?5 ~'4S ^ 7lnc pr; ' 14 a 125. *iLzJM * '< * 'J ''v ' II If* illicit! llS M i .22 is. -1102 .iuT1 - "4S a .. 1 7 `. 7 b . * * ' ' 5 * TOTALS I Sit _lii SJL -L2A. -2A--3X1_ [ f 73 a m CARCINOMA METASTATIC CARCINOMA TOTAL NO. CASES I----- 1 tzirjS al SMOKER 1 ____ i. 1471 I----- 1 I?4-Si9fj _ a i. a x r .irt JLE is ! B - r- U N S M _ L iL _ cA NONSMOKER ;__iz -21 LfiTjiJ tJ r3 IsSaiic_S \ S, ~ H*4 3 ra>>cu. NO3RRMM AAL 13.72 % MKD. 4.17 % -- i3Z LlBuOAL "3 S -HJ*i1#7 REG. 7.6 % CA. 3.41 _ ii> 7 . - - 3 l o i * ___ 2 . * a J SH . i r r I- -R J lld 1*0 4J * . M ILD 44.78 % > 1z f**- MOC. 12114% % METASTATIC CA. .13 % 11 -U. -Li_ 533 }ns(.i 7-J--f - J ^ ^h t T \ ..... n UCC 010104 PULMONARY CYTOLOGY U R A N IU M M IN E R S CYTOLOGY AGE G RO UPS TOTALS NORMAL REGULAR SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA MILO ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA MODERATE ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA HARKED ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA 10-19 m 5 * *6 20-29 .**;**v; !**** : ': \ V 3 . 1 -'23 47 i 1 1 3 '.'--30 1 1 2 " * 24 30-39 * 16 ' - 4 3 13 ''''41 ` 32 * `e 79 3 40-49 * . 1> 50-59 ' 3 -13 . 5 :- 20 tri****** . ' . . 6---- 14 -: 25 ::r':iO? i%; - ' 17 3 ' *9 V* ! ` " 14j 0*3 ' :1! 60-59 * 5 * 3 4 , 6 . ` -24 ! '% ' * 7 9 70-79 I ` 13 81 213 : 53 128 4 JC8 43 3 . 2 46 275 2 3 34 CARCINOMA WS S NS S NS S . * * 3 " 2: 5 MS S MS S NS S __1_2 2 NS S WS S T O T A L N O . C A S E S ISSfi UNSAT. 15.7 % N O R M A L 17.7S % RED. 18.52 % M ILD . 32.70 % M O D . 19.44 % M K D . 2.23 % C A . 1.27 % m . % SMOKER H 5 M NONSMOKER UC 149-2 INTERNAL CORRESPONDENCE METALS DIVISION Cl -a ,1 , 3 i>r G! i a , ; i P.0. BOX 1029. GRANO JUNCTION. COLORADO 81501 to (Name) Division Location Mr. W. C. Thurber Metals 270 Park Avenue 38th New York, New York Floor copy to Messrs. 0. J. Malacarne E. W. Shortridge Date November 22, 977 o r a t i n e , Safety Answering letter date sublet A summary of sputum cytology results done for King City workers in 1977 indicated that 66 people were tested 50 were totally negative 12 were classified "mild atypia" (no concern but repeat in a year). specimen Of the 66 people involved, 37 had from 5 to Jmre fe+trni 15 year:; employment at King City. Twenty people have quit smoking and 24 remain smokers but only away from work since the recent ban on smoking. Dr. Saccomanno, Chief Pathologist, St. Mary's Hospital, Grand Junction, Colorado, who directed and evaluated the sputum cytology noted that results of this group of employees were comparable with the general population. He indicated that the 12 mild atypia cases was consistant with what could be expected of a similar group without asbestos exposure and that for 66 general population samples he would expect one or two classifications in the next higher category "moderate atypia" whereas none were found in the worker samples. EAP/brs E. A. Piersall cCEIVED f'ny * 6 <(jfj UCC 010105 c*jmOao'AuCrC.t'Mi.AAUWNNOOC.Ms. o m .d fJ. Ki t IN, M.D. CCT 2 IS77 DRS. SACCOMANNO, SAUNDERS a n d P A T H O L O G IS T S , P.C . s t . m a r v s h o s p it a l g r a n d j u n c t io n . Co l o r a d o bisoi K L E IN : fe v E o October 17, 1977 Duane F. Hyde, M. D.\ Southern Monterey County Medical 210 Canal Street King City, California 93930 Group Dear Doctor Hyde: . My suggestion on followup is as follows: Mild atypia: No concern; repeat in a year or six months, depending on followup basis. Moderate atypia: Repeat in six months, with no other concen. Marked atypia: Repeat specimen immediately, take chest x-ray if second specimen is marked, then repeat sputums every three-- four months and take chest x-- ray every six months. Carcinoma in situ: Repeat sputum immediately', and if positive again, take x-ray of chest and do fiberoptic for localiza tion. Invasive Carcinoma: Repeat sputum, chest x-ray, and possible surgery if lesion is resectable or localized. I really don't have much of an opinion as to what stance on continued em ployment the company should take when the patients show a marked atypia. When we call a case naked atypia, the chances of this patient developing malignancy in five years, if he continues to smoke, are about 50:50. If he quits, I would guess it would be about 257. in five years, and these are only good estimates. You can see that the dye is cast at this Joint and not much can be gained, but the company has, I'm sure, their own policy. Too, I think the company should have a non-smoking, quit smoking, on-going program continuously, and if possible, not hire cigarette smokers or smokers that started smoking prior to age 18. I hope this is satisfactory and that you have no objection to mv sending a copy of this letter to Union Carbide. ' Sincerely, GS :wt Geno Saccomanno, Ph.D., M.D. Chief Pathologist St. Mary's Hospital and Medical Center cc: Mr. R. J. Kronkhyte Union Carbide Corporation UCC 010106