Document OzGk4b6gk1KwgQOn9zqzw3vqM

DRAFT TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR VINYL CHLORIDE Prepared by: Sciences International, Inc. Under Subcontract to: Research Triangle Institute Under Contract No. 205-93-0606 Prepared for U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry August 1995 --DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT-- CMA 110001 VINYL CHLORIDE 4. PRODUCTION, IMFORT, USE, AND DISPOSAL 137 4.1 PRODUCTION Production of vinyl chloride monomer in the United States was approximately 13.75 billion pounds in 1993 (C&EN 1994; USITC 1994), an increase of nearly 22%. This exceeds the latest available U.S. estimated total production capacity figures (beginning of 1993) of 12.79 billion pounds at the beginning of 1993 (SRI 1993) and represents a substantial recent increase in production and capacity, even if vinyl chloride production is at full capacity. Previously, vinyl chloride production had grown only 1-5% per year over the last 5 years (C&EN 1994). Over the last 10 years, vinyl chloride production has grown at an average rate of about 7%, not including the large increase in 1993, although production volumes were fairly volatile (C&EN 1994). Vinyl chloride is currently produced in the United States by 10 companies at 12 facilities, which are as follows (SRI 1994); Westlake Monomers Corporation in Calvert City, Kentucky; Borden Chemicals and Plastics in Geismar, Louisiana; Dow Chemical in Oyster Creek. Texas, and in Plaquemine, Louisiana; Georgia Gulf Corporation in Plaquemine, Louisiana; PPG Industries in Lake Charles. Louisiana; Vista Chemical Company in Lake Charles. Louisiana; B.F. Goodrich Company in LaPorte. Texas; Formosa Plastics Corporation in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and in Point Comfort. Texas; Occidental Chemical Corporation in Deer Park, Texas; and Oxymar in Ingleside, Texas. Table 4-1 summarizes the facilities in the United States that manufacture or process vinyl chloride. This information was obtained from the 1992 Toxic Chemical Release Inventory (TRI92), and it summarizes the reported release data for 1992 (TRI92 1994). Table`4-1 also lists the maximum amounts of vinyl chloride that are present at these sites and the end uses of the vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride was first produced commercially in the 1930s by reacting hydrogen chloride with acetylene. Currently, vinyl chloride is produced commercially by the chlorination of ethylene through one of two processes, direct chlorination or oxychlorination. Direct chlorination reacts ethylene with chlorine to produce 1.2-dichloroethane. Similarly, oxychlorination produces 1,2-dichloroethane, but this is accomplished by reacting ethylene with dry hydrogen chloride and oxygen. After both processes, the 1.2-dichloroethane is subjected to high pressures (2.5-3.0 megapascals) and temperatures --DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT"* CMA110002 Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride Facility Location" Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds Activities and uses . PRODUCTION. IMPORT. USE. AND DISPOSAL DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT*" KEYSOR-CENTURY CORP. UN ION CARBIDE CORP. >--^FFOOlRMOSA PLASTICS CORP. GEORGIA GULF CORP. WESTLAKE PVC CORP. UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS BF GOODRICH CO. SAUGUS, CA TORRANCE, CA DELAWARE CITY, DELAWARE CITY, PACE, FL TUCKER, GA HENRY, IL DE DE 1,000,000-9,999,999 10,000-99,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 100,000-999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant; As a product BORDEN CHEMICALS & PLASTICS BF GOODRICH CO. AIR PRODS. & CHEMICALS INC. WESTLAKE PVC CORP. WESTLAKE MONOMERS CORP. VULCAN MATERIALS CO. ILLIOPOLIS, IL LOUISVILLE, KY CALVERT CITY, KY CALVERT CITY, KY CALVERT CITY, KY GEISHAR, LA No Data 1,000,000-9,999,999 10,000-99,999 1.000.000-9,999,999 1.000.000-9,?99,999 100,000-999,999 component As *a reactant As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For on-siteuse/processing; As a kBORDEN CHEMICALS PLASTICS GEISMAR, LA No Data by-product; As 'a reactant Produce; For on-site use/processing; For sale/ PPG IND. INC. LAKE CHARLES, LA No Data distribution; As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution; As a by-product; As an impurity; As a CERTAINTEED CORP. VISTA CHEMICAL CO. 'fo;jiosa PLASTICS CORP. SULPHUR, LA WESTLAKE, LA BATON ROUGE, LA 1,000,000-9,999,999 No Data 1,000,000-9,999,999 reactant As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For on-site use/processing; For k* RhUnE POULENC BASIC CHEMICALS DOW CHEMICAL CO. BATON ROUGE, LA PLAQUEMINE, LA 10,000-99,999 No Data sale/distribution; As a by-product; As a reactant Ancillary uses Produce; For sale/distribution; As a reactant; As a manufacturing O aid; Ancillary uses Faci1ity Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride (continued) Location* Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds Activities and uses BF GOODRICH CO. GEORGIA GULF CORP. PLAQUEMINE, LA PLAQUEMINE, LA 100,000-999,999 No Data UNION CARBIDE CORP. MARINE SHALE PROCESSORS INC. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. DOW CHEMICAL USA MILES' INC. VISTA CHEMICAL CO. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. BF GOODRICH CO. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO. VYGEN CORP. BF GOODRICH AVON LAKE VISTA CHEMICAL CO. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. GREENWOOD PLATING DOW CHEMICAL CO. HAHNVILLE, LA AMELIA, LA ADDIS, LA MIDLAND, MI KANSAS CITY, MO ABERDEEN, MS BURLINGTON, NJ PEDRICKTOWN, NJ NIAGARA FALLS, NY ASHTABULA, CHI AVON LAKE, OH OKLAHOMA CITY, OK POTTSTOWN, PA GREENWOOD, SC FREEPORT, TX No Data 1,000-9,999 100,000-999,999 100,000-999,999 100,000-999,999 No Data 1,000,000-9,899,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 100,000-999,999 100,000-999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1.000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 No Data SHINTECH INC. FORMOSA PLASTICS CORP. FREEPORT, TX POINT COMFORT, TX No Data tp, 000 UNION CARBIDE CHEMICALS & UNION &ARBIDE CHEMICALS OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. RHOfjE-POULENC BASIC CHEMICALS GARLAND, TX TEXAS CITY, TX LA PORTE, TX HOUSTON, TX 100,000-999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 1,000,000-9,999,999 10,000-99,999 As a reactant Produce; For on-site use/processing; For sale/distribution; As a reactant As a by-product As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant; Ancillary uses As a reactant As a reactant AS a reactant As a reactant As a reactant AS a. reactant AS a reactant As a reactant As a reactant AS a product component Produce; As a by-product; As an impurity; As a reactant; As a chemical processing aid Import; For on-site use/processing; As a reactant Produce; For on-site use/processing; As a by-product; As a reactant As a reactant As a reactant Ancillary uses Ancillary uses L PRODUCTION. IMPORT. USE. AND DISPOSAL < 2 o 3 Table 4-1. Facilities That Manufacture or Process Vinyl Chloride (continued) Facility OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. BF GOODRICH CO. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. GEON CO. OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORP. BONDCOTE CORP. Location' PASADENA, TX DEER PARK, TX DEER PARK, TX LA PORTE, TX GREGORY, TX PULASKI, VA Range of maximum amounts on site in pounds No Data 1,000,000-9,999,999 No Data No Data No Data 100,000-999,999 Activities and uses As a reactant As a reactant Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For sale/distribution Produce; For sale/distribution As a formulation component Source; TRI92 1994 CT Post office state abbreviation used oE r CarC3 tr . PRODUCTION. IMPORT. USE. AND DISPOSAL >T O O Ootn