Document OrX4JvbnXNxgkMBmN3N8vZ11

Application for Derogations from PFAS REACH restriction for Permanent Exemption of Fluoropolymers and Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells Topic: Application for permanent exemption of fluoropolymers and proton exchange membranes for fuel cells Scope: Monomers, synthetic fluoropolymer resins, proton exchange membrane products, fuel cells ---- "" The fuel cell is a chemical battery that uses the energy released during a chemical reaction to convert it directly into electricity. It works by providing a continuous supply of reactive substances - fuel and oxidant. Because it converts the energy released by the fuel through a chemical reaction into electrical energy output, it is called a fuel cell. Specifically, fuel cells are "generators" that utilize the reverse reaction of electrolysis of water. It consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a proton exchange membrane sandwiched between the positive and negative electrodes. H+ e- When working, fuel (hydrogen) is supplied to the negative electrode, and oxidizing agent (air, the active component is oxygen) is supplied to the positive electrode. Hydrogen splits into positive ions H+ and electrons e- at the negative electrode. The hydrogen ions enter the electrolyte and pass through the proton exchange membrane, while the electrons move along the external circuit towards the positive electrode. The load is connected to the external circuit. At the positive electrode, oxygen in the air absorbs electrons arriving at the positive electrode with hydrogen ions in the electrolyte passing through the proton exchange membrane to form water. This is the reverse process of the electrolytic reaction of water. Proton exchange membrane is a key component of fuel cells and is indispensable. The following diagram shows how a fuel cell works.  The fuel cell proton exchange membrane was originally a perfluorosulfonic acid ion exchange membrane processed from perfluorosulfonic acid resin. Later, a composite film containing perfluorocarboxylic acid resin was developed. The fuel cell proton exchange membrane is a key component of the fuel cell, indispensable, is a decades-long achievement, and is still in the process of continuous development. The manufacture and use of fuel cell proton exchange membrane need to involve: monomer, polymer, membrane products and fuel cell four aspects. The monomers are tetrafluoroethylene, sulfonyl fluoride monomer, vinylidene fluoride monomer, bromo-side alkene monomer, sulfonyl fluorene monomer, etc. Polymers: perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, perfluorinated carboxylic acid resin, etc. NafionTM GORE-SELECTDMR100 Membrane products include: NafionTM sulfonic acid membrane, GORE-SELECT proton exchange membrane, Dongyue Future Hydrogen Energy perfluorosulfonic acid fuel cell proton membrane (DMR100). Hydrogen fuel cell; It is used in stationary, portable and transportation applications where power is needed. Hydrogen energy is a cleaner and more sustainable form of energy, and the widespread use of fuel cells can achieve the goal of protecting the earth and protecting people on Earth, because the pollution caused by fossil fuels has become unbearable. Hydrogen energy has been widely recognized around the world as a key element to achieve energy transformation and noncarbonization. In the long term, hydrogen energy is critical to decarbonizing many industries. To this end, permanent exemptions are proposed for all types of fluorides, including monomers, polymers and their membrane products, used in hydrogen fuel cells.