Document Ogj77mvpk1orQ7apLn15M6gK

FILE NAME: Concrete (CONC) DATE: 1940 June DOC#: CONC012 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - Making Progress in Control of Industrial Dusts Charter Member Associated Business Papers C o n c r e t e , with which has been com bined Cement Age, New York, and Concrete Engineering, Cleveland, is devoted to the Proper Use of Concrete and the Manufacture of Cement. Published monthly by Concr4e0t0e WP uesbtlMishadinisgonCoSrtrpeoert ation TeleCphhoicnaegoC,EINllitnraoiis8822 LL.oMuioseBllreor.ukCmiracnu,laJtri.o. nPuMbalinsahgeerr Donald T. Pdpineau, Promotion Manager Representatives New York City 17EW. Mestac4d5otnha--ldRoBoamco9n09 Longacre 3*5260 ^an Francisco: Don Hauvjy 155 MExobnrtgooomk e6r0y29Street Loa Angeles: Don Harway Sc G*. 318 WTeusctkNerin9t7hG6Street The Cement Mill Edition of Concrete exTclhuesivCeelymefnotr tMhoilsleEidnitteiroensteodf Cinonthceremteaniusfeadctituerde of Portland cement and related products. desItisgn,pagmeasnaagreemdeenvt,oteodpertoatiodnis,cupsrsoiodnusctioofn,pleafnfit ceireanticoyn,.cphreomgricesasl arensdeanrecwhsaonfdthceonitnrdoul,stqryu.arry op maTtehreiaCl epmuebnlitshMedill inEdtihteioncoarlrseospcoonndtianigns Raellgutlhaer mEdeirtciohnandainsdingsoofpthroevimdeasterniaelwsswhoofsethme anuusefsactaunrde is discussed in the Mill Edition. offTichiael?Ranegdumlairll Seexcetciountivefusrvnaisluhaebslempiollinotspeorfatcionng tact with the users of the materials they produce. UnTitheed sSutbastcersiptainodn pitrsiceposLses$s3i.o0n0s,a aynedarMinexitchoe. cOonuentrDieosl.laCr uardrednittiocnoapliesf,o4r0pcoesnttasgeeacihn. all other Charter Member Volume 48 June, 1940 Number 6 Norman M. Stinem a n, Editor J. C. W itt, Consulting Editor CONTENTS How Slurry Fillers Solved a Biq Problem in Wet-Process Manu facture ...................................- .............................................................. Monolith's Huge New Kiln Expands Its Manufacturing Capacity 183 Saranac Laboratory Pushinq Studies of Silica Dust ....................... 184 PosxoUnic Minerals ................................ 184 Wet Types of Equipment for Separation of Fly A s h ....................... 18$ X-Ray Alone Can Not Determine Extent of Injury from Silicosis 186 Discuss Selection and Utilization of Coal at Big Fuel Conference 187 Find Sickness Among W orkers Big Loss to Industry.................. .. 188 Time Studies of Quarry Drilling .........................................................189 Civic Center Building to Honor Founder ot Cement Company . . 19Q Editorial Discussion ................... 191 A Brilliant Record in Safety Fuel Efficiency Approaches Limit Five Types of Cement Making Progress in Control of Industrial Dusts .............................. 192 DeCsoiganls--PrBobyleMmasrtiInnvFolrvisecdh.i.n.....B...u..r..n..i.n...g....P...u..l.v,,e..r..i.s..e..d.....M....i..d..w...e..s..t.e..rn 193 Calcium-Aluminate Cement ............................._................................... 194 Great Industrial Leader Passes Away in M ilw aukee...................... 194 MiU Equipment ........................................................................................ 19S Men and M ills.......................... ........................................ ........................ 196 Q93) Advertisers' Index Page 40 CONCRETE is indexed in INDUSTRIAL ARTS INDEX, which may be consulted in any Technical or Public Library. Audit Bureau of Circulations ____ C O N C R E T E -- Cernent Mill Section -- lune, 1940 Copyright. 1940. by Concrete Publishing Corp. Page 181 EMENT MILL b spehvyesriaclal liqpuriodpsertwieitsh, wtriidcehllyoredthifyfelernenet, Making Progress in Control iwmautemr, tvoelnutoill,attiroienthryelqeunieregmlyecnotls, tahte vmairni ohuavsetebmepeneradteutreersmainnedd.evaTphoisratpivheasreateosf of Industrial Dusts the work is now nearing completion. With reasonable surety it may he stated that the required ventilation in Nes1ta9b3l8isthheed AtwiroHfyeglileonweshFiposundatatitohne athgeaninwste tchaenmf.ocus our efforts particularly CFM (cubic ft. per minute) varies as the evaporative rate to an exponent. The use IHarvard School of present, these are held Public by two Health. At engineers lemAnisen"gWinheaetrinisg cthoeromllaorsyt dtoifftihciusltprsoizbe omfinaimmuimnimveulomcitqyu, ahnatsitbye,enraftohuenrdthnaencesa wDoegrkreineg tionwaInrdduthsetriDaloctSoarnatietaotifonS.cieTnhcee dust particle to wet when floating in air?" and "Vfhat can be done to make the mod smairsyts,inanthde itcaisseboefliefvuemdesth, avtatphoirss,waonrdk twheasrdis wproorkbleomf stheosef mdiernecits dinirteecrteesdt ttoo ern air washer into a more efficient dust catcher?" These questions are impor gives adequate basis to that fact. The second phase of the work has been Foundation members. What Sizes? tant to the air-conditioning industry and to all plants where air is cleaned by wet otof tahsecseerttaainnkst.heThveelvoecliotycitciehsaraatctaelrlisftoicusr methods. The graduate student who is tank corners and at the sampling point An important problem in silicosis prevention and in the appraisal of sili iwnogrkcionmgmoenrctihael dauirstwiansjehcetrisonwsitihs astupdayr atiroenbewinilgl dgeivteermthienebdetsot fainndd wmhoiscth sloatcias csiozseis orfiskssiliicsa, "pWarhtaictleiss?t'he Imt oisst preocteongt otifcuwleatrtinvgiewagetnotsth(esuprfoascseib-alectiavpepaligceanttisoni . factory correlation with vapor concen tration. nized that the most dangerous sizes are certainly below 3 microns (a micron is An incentive to the study of this problem has been the remarkable progress re Dust-Counting Instruments 1/25.000 of an inch), but whether there are critical differences here between par cently in the separation of non-metallic dusts bv flotation, a method considered In addition to the above work, a new' vapor-pressure instrument for determin ticles of 0.5. 1. and 2 microns has not been studied. Accordingly, ground flint inapplicable to industry only a few years ago. ing organic soh'ents in air has been de veloped. Also, a new dust-counting in <99.7 per cent free silica t was separated into four fractions. 3.30. 1.05. 1.04. and Interest Increasing strTumheendterveevliospiomnenvtasofmaindset.ruments for 0.62 microns, and the fractions cleared, as far as possible from particles other As evidenced by the number of papeis published in the last year, interest in the recording continuously low concentra tions of toxic vapors should interest the othfatnhetshee fsriazcetsiosntastewd.ereSttehreinleinsujescpteendsiionntos vapors from organic compounds has be come widespread. Firms selling equip members of this Foundation. Many firms using toxic solvents must either continue tmhoenethar invteeinrvsalosf, raanbdbitthsetwainciemaatls thwreeere- mareenitnoranmyatweariyalcsoinncewrnhiecdh asruechgesnoelvraelnltvs tnoewusleinteheomf moarneulfsaecttuarkee--uopfteann tehnetyircealyn killed and autopsied periodically. Preliminary examination of liver sec ainlegrtatnodthfeoprrorebcleomrd.inMg esthuochds sfuobrsdtaenteccets snuocth ucsoendhitaiormnsl,estshe supblasntittumteas.nagUemndenert tions indicate that the fine particles are more rapidly taken up by cells than are aorreatobreiiensg. rAetpoleratestdthfrreoemlanrgume efirromuss hlaavbe requires periodic sampling of the air to find out if ventilation is as it should be. the larger ones. Later examinations showed no striking effects with the two arrangements for investigating the po tential risks of one new compound after Recorders are available today for car bon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen larger sizes (3.30 and 1.65 microns), while it looks as if the third and fourth awnhoatthecronadnidtionthsusthetyo cdaenterbmeinmearuknedteedr sulfide, carbon disulfide, mercury vapor, and carbon dioxide, while continuous (1.04 and 0.62 microns! produced the greatest changes. The final report on this and used safely. As compared with the silicosis field, it is likely that the inter alarms or detectors for inflammable gas mixtures are in fairly general use. It is smtuodnyths.will be ready in about eight est and activity in these directions will increase rather than diminish as new well within the realm of practical mat ters to develop instruments which will Why Engineers Want to Enow coopmedp.ounds continually are being devel furnish reliable records, 24 hours a day, of air pollution from low concentrations The reason engineers want the in formation which we hope this study will The design of electro-plating tanks, baths, and vats using toxic solvents and of substances, such as benzol or carbon tetrachloride. We have every intention bring is that we are responsible for meas uring degrees of dustiness in workplaces lriaqtiuoindasl hbaassisn.otThyeet pbuerepnoseplaocfedtheonseca of pursuing the problem further in our work for the Foundation at Harvard. amnudstfodresciognntrdoullsitngrecsopnirdaittoiorsn.s.WAelswoo, uwlde ond Foundation research now in prog ress at Harvard is to investigate the char New Idea in Silicosis Control like to know what, physiologically, are the most important sized particles; and apcrotevriidsteicsa orfattihoensael soblavseisnt otfandkessiagnnd htvo As the result of Dr. L. U. Gardner's medical research, hacked by rnanv field Report of Preventive Engineering Cnmmiuee studying their performance under vari ous conditions. sStluadteiess F'huvbliocthHeresa,lthnoStaebrvlyicet,heit iUsnnitoewd oPfentnhae.. AprcepaH-yedgiehn>e PFroouf.ndPahtiiolinp. DPriitntskbeurr,ghof. Harva-d. eh -irman of the committee. Small tanks, with lateral exhaust on one or two sides, have been used. Taking possible to oulline and carry out. with reasonable assurance, a reasonable dust- Page 192 June, 1940 -- C O N C R E T E -- Cement Mill Section pDei DUL trantbecl adequa 1. 23.. 4. infTluheem atwndo dpec equipm hgeaastp-aabs ing sup Easy tv easMyotsot when q their te they' ai ever, tl easily, coothaelsr na Whe the fur desired minimi tpiadretischr less un sppaascseo1i exit. 5 heat h C1o9Pnrfe.esreeii CON k .ly 1I H H yjLU cmoanntdrosl nporrogerxapme,ctsinfdruomstryexnpeeirtihmerendtael msuecdhicaisnetogxreicat lpimreictsisiionn aiinr.theInse tmheattfeierlsd, 0f silicosis they have very nearly got kwnhoawt thveeyryneceldea, ralyndhcoewrtaminalyinthmeyissnionng gaps can be filled out. It is of some interest that the use of awlhuomhinauvme hdaudstexipnotshueretsretaotmsielinctotoicf mduesnt htwasiced;efoinnicteel,y tobeeann siumgpgoesrtteadnt amt ilneiansgt gunroiounp., aFnudrtahgearminortoe, thpeategnrtasniotne cthuetteursse' of aluminum dust, both for the preven- lhiaovne abnedenfogrratnhteedt.reatment of silicosis, inuWmhoatr poltahceer, pirfotaencyto, rthdeusutssemoafyaelvuemn ttouablley sheeanv.e Iinn tshileicmoseisanctiomnetr,owl eresmeeainnos mreeasdoicnaltocornetdroulceineaitnhyerweanygwinheaetreivnegr. or D esign Problem s Involved in B urning Pulverized Midwest Coals By MARTIN FRISCH FostCehr-iWefheEenlqeirnCeeorr,poPruatlivoenr.izNerewDiYviosrikonCity PUbeLVsuEcRceIZssEfuDllyMuidswedesitefrnfocuoralismmpoary rweaslplecsut rtfoactehse. fIufrnthaecepactotoidliengpastuhrfawcieths tant characteristics of these fuels adequately provided for. These are; areadnisdsitphaetefdlambye riasdcioatriroenct,frtohme rtahtee poafrthicelaet 1. tLeomwpearsahturseosf.tening and fusion twhiellpeaxrctiecelde tbhve rraadteiaotifohneafrtormecethpetiofnlambye 23.. SGmenaellraclolykinhgightentdoetnacly.moisture and bv convection from the surrounding gases. L cLoonwtetnot.moderate grindahilitv. Additional Cost Ofiset infTluheenctwe othleascthcohicaeraocftecroisatlicsprpepriamraatriiolyn wiTllhbeeapddarittiioalnlayl ocfofsstetobfygfruinedlinsgavifnignes and pulverizing equipment. The other two determine the design of the firing due to reduced carbon loss, and more than offset bv the reduced cost of clean equipment, extent and disposition of heat-absorbing surfaces, arrangement of ing. For example, experience indicates that gas passages and provisions for controll ing superheat. in the average installation burning Illi nois coal one may expect the relationship Easy to Burn bpeletwteeecnomfinbeunsetisosn, fuinel tleorsms sduoeftothiencfoumel Most Midwestern coals are extremelv easy to burn in pulverized form, even fniarendc,e, ptoowbere caopnpsruomximptiaotenlyanads mfoallionwtes when quite coarsely pulverized, because for a ball-mill job. tthheeyir aterendennactuyratollycofkreeei-sbusrmnianllg.. HHeonwce Fitnhernoeu-gsh--2p0e0r-mceesnht 65 70 80 90 ever, the ash in most of the coals slag; easily, and for this reason alone these FuceolmlopslsetHe uceomtobuins tion--per cent ot coals are more troublesome than most fuel fired 1.5 U 1.0 0.7 other native coals. Whether or not it is possible to reduce Futeoln lbousrsn. edlb.. .p.er 30 26 20 14 Power consumption the furnace-exit temperature as much as desired, the slagging tendency may be --KWH ton .. 13 15 21 30 Coal equivalent of minimized by fine pulverization. Fine particles burn faster than coarse par pKoWwHer. ..L....5......l.b./ 19.5 22 5 31.5 45 ticles and may be expected to contain less unburned fuel residues when they Ma--incteenntasnpceer toconsts 0.9 1.0 1.4 2.0 Coal equivalent of pass out of the flame into the clear gas space between the flame and the furnace mfoaricnoteanl aantc$e5.00 a ton 3.6 4.0 56 8.0 ehxeiatt. bSyucrhadpiaatritoincletso can then give up cold surrounding Neotf cocaalrbeoqnuivloasles--nt Presented at Third Annual Midwest Power pow--emr acinotnesnuamncpetion 53.1 52.5 57.1 67.0 C19o4n0f.erence, Chicago. Illinois. April 9 and 10. Pefriredrent of coal 3.66 1.63 2.86 3 35 C O N C R E T E -- Cement Mill Section -- June, 1940 Economical Fineness Under these conditions the minimum caobaolucto7n0supmerpctieonnt othccrouursghat2a00f-inmeensehs.s oIff the power consumption or its coal equiv alent is lower, or the carbon loss higher, tthuealleyc,oonnoemmicaayl sfaifneelnyescsonicsluhdigehthera.t cAonc smidaedreabwleithionuctremasaetseriinallfyinienncersesasminagy thbee overall fuel cost. Conclusion MiTdhweecstheirenf pcrooablslemwiitnh thloewutialsizhatfiounsioonf temperature is slag control. High fine nfieasbslemfinoirmMiziedswselsatgertnrocuoballess eavnedn itshjouusgthi nefoftecetnotnireelfyficijeunsctivf.iable on the basis of QUARRY DRILLING f Continued from page IS91 cbhuut rlnesdsrtihllasnoflairngteerdmreildlsia. te size, 4. hCouutr loesfs shviofltumtime eotfhahnolcehuprenr drills. .3. dBrrielalikngmtiomree aroncdkshpifetrtihmoeutrhaonf cbhuut rlnesdsrtihllasnoflairngteermcheudrinatdersiilzlse., Individual tests scatter widely and may revCehrsuernandyrilolfs tihnethperegcreoduipngnefaivre6pioncinhtess. in diameter-- 1. eOffpiecireantecyat thslainghtllyargloewr erchtiumrne ddruiellse.nti(rTelhyistodisfmfearleLnscaemmplaey. Ibe 2. Othpaenrahtaemamt heirghderriltlismaeseaffigcrieonucpy. 3. Obectcwuepeyn a hpaomsimtioenr indtreirlmlsedaiantde lbarrogkeern chpeurrn vodlruilmlse, oinf rhooclke 4. dDrrilillel d.greater volume of hole ttihmane, haanmdmleesrsdthrialnls ldarugreinrgchshuirfnt 3. dPrrioldlsu.ce less rock per hour than hdarimllms.er drills or larger churn Page 193 40 CONCRETE June, 1940 THE NEW NINTH (1940) EDITION OF THE BUILDING ESTIMATOR S REFERENCE BOOK 1.678 Pages Profusely Illustrated Size 4 Yz x 6Vz Inches Flexible Binding PriPcoestOpanildy $10/ Hesetirme aitsinga gburaidned-nthewat will solve your most deaifsfiilcyulatndesqtiumicaktilnyg. Ipt rwoiblllehmelps hyeolup pyroeupairnecrbeeattseer yesotuimr aptreosf--its --onheevlperyyobuidtoyeoluimsiunbamteitl.osses--and save your estimator's time Cofonmtaoidnesmcobmupilledtiengitecmonizsetrducetsiotinm, csteos caonmdpicloedststhoant aitll mclaayssbees wusaegde isncaalensy. locality regardless of local materials prices and BRAND-NEW DATA ON CONCRETE WORK Tbeheencchoamptpelresteolny rPelvaiinse, dRaenindforrecwedritatne nd uAnrdcehritethcetusrualpeCrovnisciroenteothaMvre. LM. r.J.MMeennscschhn, ontaotinolnyalglyiv eksnoywoun ccoomncprleettee eenstgiminaeteinr ganadndcocnotsrtacdtaotra. ownorakllfoclraysoseus aocfcocrodnicnrgetteo wthoerkb ebsut tehneg inaceteurainllgy pdreascitgicnes. yIof uyrouforamre fgiigrudreirnsg ocronflcoroerteslfaobusn, dMatiro. nMoern srcehta'sintianbglews agllisv,e cyooluum tnhse, bceoarrmecs,t sisizfeurannidshsepdacfionrgcoolfusmtunds,s,bweaamlesc,. gbiordltes,rsetacn. dTfhloeosrasmtaebsin. foTrhmisatnioont otennlydesnatsv easnydo uforretimmeen into ecsotinmsatrtuincgt ybouut renfoarbmlews oyrkouwr ijtohb thsue pleerainst opfoscsoinbclereltue mmbiexrtuarneds ainndthaeg gmreogsta teecsonreoqmuiicraeld mfoarnnaenry. sNtreewngttha,blrees qtiumieresmtheentcoasret oaflstoheinecnltuirdeedb.ooTkh. is inform ation alone is w orth m any SEND FOR YOUR COPY TODAY Stheendopfpoor rytuonuirtiecso pity oofffetrhs isfoNr ienwc reGausiidneg Tyooduaryp! roTfiatks ethardovuagnhtabgeetteorf estimates. M oney back if not satisfactory. 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