Document OOz4x0wb07pZB6pg79VX5R7j

mm -iom TOXICOLOGY V t- > .4. ivoi. U)n streptnmvrtn aernrhlnntc, ttlhvitro*trm<''mvrtn iwnlhqtenatr. paeomyctn, florlmyrtn and kaiumyetn are prr*. turd, Cnmplcs compounds 'thyrirontrrptomyctn with a*rorbtc, (xinthmentr or p-amlnoaalycllle , 4 irr lex* toxic than streptomycin sulfate nr dlhyrtro(reptomycl*. I^Ail above dlhydrnstrrptomyctn derivatives may by unrd In cases with aldr rffrrt* of atrcptomyrln eulfatb. Pasomyeln I* preferably atnet It combine* 2 main antituberculous preparation* (dlhydrostreptomycln aid PAS). Florlmyetn and kanamyeln are more toale than atreptomycln eulfale or dlhydroatrtptomyeln and their dertratlrea, Theae antlbtotlca should be limited by patlenta with progressive processes and streptnmycln resistance. Florlmyeln and kanamyeln are ototoxic and should be used only In stationary conditions with constant examination of heartns,- -Authors. t 30951. TAYLOR. T. G.. K. M, L, MORRIS, and JEAN KIRKLEY. (Agr. Res, Coune. Poultry Rea. Cent., Edinburgh, Scot., UK.) Effect of dietary raerseee ol vitamins A and D on some conetltuents of the blood ol chieksr Bhlt J STUTlt H(4):' 7I5-7H. 1968.--<TrouM of chicks were given diets containing 4 levels of vitamins A and D, 1, to, 100 and lOOOtlmrs the basal level, In all 18 combinations, with the object of Investigating a possible antagonism between the t vitamins. Only diets containing 1000 times the basal level fapprox. 1700 times the dietary requirements) of 1 or both vitamins depressed gTOWth and Induced changes in the blood. The packed cell volume was substantially reduced from 4 wk of age tn the chicks given the highest level of vitamin A. This was probably due to an effect of the vitamin on the fragility of the red cells and thus on their life span. Chicka given the toxic level of vitamin D showed an Increase tn plasma Ca and s decrease In plasma Inorganic P. The highest level ol vitamin A depressed plasms Ca without 'nfluenctng plasma Inorganic P. Increasing amounts of vitamin A given in combination with the highest level of vitamin D caused a progressive Increase In the plasma Inorganic P. The highest level of dietary vitamin A significantly increased the activity tn the planma ot 3 lysosomal enzymes: acid phosphatase, 8-glucuronidase and arylaulphatase. Excess vitamin O given In conjunction with the basal level of vitamin A significantly depressed the plasma acid phosphatase and the activity of this enzyme Increased with increasing amounts ot vitamin A. Excess vitamin D had no Influence on the other hydrolases studied. A marked antagonism between the effects of excessive amounts of the 2 vitamins occurred only tn respect of their actions on the plasma levels of Ca, Inorganic P and acid phosfCiataae, all of which are Involved In bone metabolism. --Authors. , 30952. TUMARKIN, R. I. (N. F. Gamaleya Inst. Epidemiol, Micro biol., Acad. Med. Set. USSR. Moscow. USSR.) K voprosu o mekhznlxme tokslcheskogo detstvlva antlblottkov tetratelkllnovol gruppy na pec hen'. fMechanlsm of the toxic effect ot the tetracycline group of antibiotics on the liver,] ANTIBIOTIC HUT: 6 4 7-6 5 2. [Engl, aurn."l "Chlortetraeyellne In high doses In rata increased Mettdtne deimlnaae and urokanlnass activity. Oxytetracycllne had a slight effect on hlstldinedeamtnase activity and suppressed urokanlnase activity. Tetra cycline elfect was similar to that ol oxytetracycllne. Chlortetracycltns bis a higher toxicity.--Author. 309 53. TYUL'MANKOV, V. N,, and B. K. LUGOVSKn. Sosudlstye oslozhenenlya prl lechentt psikhlcheskl bol'nykh aminazlnom. [Vascular complications during aminazlne [chlorbromazlnel treatment ^mentarpatlents7| ZH NKjjKOPATOL~>SItOQAT IM S 5 KORSAKOVA 6$(i): lli-115. 1968. [Engl, eum.|-'The main syndromes were cerebral hemorrhages and thrombotic vascular affections of vitally Important organs, Aminazlne probably increases coagulability, A thorough control (including Uboratoml and tests) of old patients sad patients with hypertensive disease must be made In the process ol aminazlne treatment.-`-From auth. sum, t 309S4. WEISS, HARVEY J, (Ml, Sinai Hosp., New York, N. Y,, USA.), LOUIS M. ALEDORT, and SHAUL KOCHWA. The effect of salicylates on the hemostatic properties of platelets in man. J CLIN [Kvsf 7TT3T: 7109-2180. (llus. Ingestion ol 1.5 g of aiptrln, but not of sodium salicylate, produced a significant prolonga tion ol the bleeding time in 6 normal male subjects when compared with the effects of a placebo. Similar differences In the e/fect of Ihs 2 drugs on platelets was also observed. Aspirin ingestion resulted tn Impaired platelet aggregation ov connective tissue and was associated with a decreased release ol platclrt ADP: sodium salicylate had no elfect on these values, in vitro, Incubation of platclct-rlch plasma with an optimum aspirin concentration ol 0,045 mg ml Inhibited both the adhesion of platelets to connective tissue and the release ol AOP as well as the 2ndary wave ot platelet aggregation produced with ADP or eplnrphrtne. Sodium salicylate had no elfect on these reactions, which were also normal In patients with von Wlllebrand's disease. - Inhibitory effect rroduced by tngrstlng a single 1.8 g dose of plrln was detectable for 4-7 days at which time salicylate was no ..onger detectable In the blood, which suggested an irreversible effect on the platelet. Aspirin also Inhibited the relrase of piaielet ATP, but had no effect on the platelet surface charge, available platelet ATP or ADP. or the deatructlon of ADP by plasma ADPase. Theae Studfaa support the hypothesis that Ingestion ol asptrtn, tn contrast to sodium salicylate, prolongs the bleeding- ..i..e by Inhibiting the release of platelet ADP, perhaps reflecting the findings In mher cell systems that asptrtn alters membrane permeability.--Aut` -rt. 30955. ANONYMOUS. The kidney and oral calcium therapy. ANN INTERN MF.D {5): 17)21-Ioil, TW.-TKmigli TaCoj Is valuabls as tn antacid, aeeerc and possibly Irreversible Injury to the kidney may occur from tts prolonged use In conjunction with a high milk intake. Evidence of renal function disturbance may be shown by a rlae tn serum creatinine and renal N, During treatment with CaCO] a patient's serum Ca level should be watched for early signs of Ca nephropathy within the lit 7 days ot freatmert. INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY (Sea also "Pathology- under Respiratory System; "Environmental Health - 'Occupational Health,- and 'Radiation Health- ~ under Public Health) 30958. GANDEVTA, BRYAN. (Dtv. ThorXC. Med,, UMv. N. S. W., Sydney, N. S, W,, Aust.) Pulmonary function In asbestos workers; A three-year follow-up study. AMEk REV ReSp bid 96(3): 420727. Ulus. 1987. [Spanland Fr. sum.)--Ventilatory capacity and ventilatory response to a standard exercise test were measured tn a series of 41 male workers tn a factory making asbestos products, and was repeated about 3 1/3 yr later. Twelre men left the industry during the lnttrmln. They had a significantly lower vital capacity alter adjustment for age, and a slgntflcaii. higher ventilatory rer,ulrement for exercise than those who remained in the Industry. Th s pattern of functional abnormality contrasts with that found in sutlects admitting to persistent cough and sputum, tn whom a significant reduction wae demonstrated In age-adjusted forced expiratory volume at 1 sec. In a control series, abet.ved and predicted changes tn pulmonary function over the observation period showed reasonable agreement. The asbestos workers snowed a greater decrease tn forced expiratory volume at 1 sec. than predicted, and possibly greater changes In vital capacity and vr.tllatory require ment for exerciee. The trend toward functional abno tuallty la con sistent with, although not indicative ot, the development ot asbestosla. Serial pulmonary function tests are likely to be more Informative than serial roentgenograms.--From auth. sum. .10957, HARRIS, D. KENWIN. and W. G. F. ADAMS, Acro-osteoNsk occurring In men engaged In the polymerization ot ylnyi Chlorine. Iklt MED J 5587. 712-714. Illus. 1967.--Two cases of acroosteolysls occurring In men engaged tn the polymerization of vinyl chloride are described. The bones affected were ths tC'minaL phalanges of the lingers and the sacroiliac Joints, but in 1 case the [Stella and in the other the phalanges of the feet were involved. The condition was accompanied by Raynaud's phenomenon and skin lesions. Thts condition is probably a sell-limiting disease.--Authors. 30958. SAMEDOV' I. G. O nespetslflchesklkh proyavleniyakh delstviya uglevodorodov r malykh kontsentratstyakh. [Nonspecific manifestations of low concentrations ol hydrocarbons. 1 AZERB MED ZH 4. 56-61, 1987. From: REF O"f0 V"YP FARMAKOL KMMIOTER SREDSTVA TOKSIKOL, 1968, No. 4.54.915. (Translation) --Workers were tested at a petroleum-processing plant where the concentration of hydrocarbon vapors did not exceed the maximum allowable (0,07 -0.48 mg/1. Rabbits and guinea pigs were treated under various static regimes with the vapors of gasoline B-70 at 0,95-1.1 ml/1, 4 hr/day, 6 tlmce/week lor 4 mo. The workers and the animals showed a rise In the concentration of blood acetylcholine and eplnephrine-llke Substancea. Animals treated constantly and evenly with lncreaetng hydrocarbon concentrations showed these tendencies, but they were less marked. Cholinesterase activity in the workcra did not differ from that Of controls, but It was reduced tn treated animals, especially when the treatment waa with fluctuating concentrations of hydrocarbons. Paeudocholtnesterasf activity did not change tn either person* or animals. Dally urinary excretion ef 17-ketosterolds by treated rabbit! was ot a phaatc character: the elevated activity of the adrenocortical function was soon replaced by reduced activity. Only under the action ol sharply fluctuating hydrocarbon concentrations was there a prolonged rise In 17-ketosterold excretion. Maximum depression in the concentration of vitamins C and Bi In the oiood, urine, and organa was noted tn animals treated with steadily and evenly Increasing and alao sharply fluctuating hydrocarbon concentrations. Changes tn the electrolyte metabolism with low concentrations was Insignificant. The prihclpl changes with low hydrocarbon concentrations were tn the functtnal condition of the autonomic and endocrine systems (changes in the metabolism of mediating substances and vitamins and in adreno cortical function). These changes arc probably nonspecific and at a compenastory-adaptailonal nature. Over a certain period they may lead to persistent end even organic changes. 30989. 8PAK, IVAR, (Dep, Surf., Lanslassrettst, Hasslcftoiea, Owed.) ringer Injury caused by paint spray gup ACTA CHIR BOR 009707