Document OGYNeZ4MjEM8RNv3JE8RxY0w

34904 Federal Register / Vol. 51. Xu. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1980 / Rules and Regulations ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 61 (A0-FRL-3044-51 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Vinyl Chloride; Equipment Leaks of Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants agency: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). action: Final rule. summary: The EPA proposed administrative and clarifying revisions to the national emission standard for vinyl chloride (VC) on January 9.1985. (50 FR1182). Certain revisions to the standard are being promulgated in Subpart F through this action and. to a minor extent, in Subpart V of 40 CFR Part 61. Finally, through this action the Agency is denying the petition of the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the Environmental Defense Fund (EOF) which sought reconsideration of the EPA's withdrawal of the amendments to the VC standard which were proposed in 1977. effective datk: September 30.1988. Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act. judicial review of the actions taken by this notice is available only by filing of a petition for review in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia circuit within 60 days of today's publication of this rule. Under section 307(b)(2) of the Clean Air Act. the requirements that are the subject for today's notice may not be challenged later in civil or criminal proceedings brought by EPA to enforce these requirements. Incorporation by Referaoce The incorporation by reference of certain publications in these standards ia approved by the Director of the Office of the Federal Register aa of September 30.1968. adores*IS; Background Information Document. The background information document (BID) for the promulgated standards may be obtained from the U.S. EPA Library (MD-35), Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711. telephone number (919) 541-2777. Please refer to "Vinyl Chloride Standard: Responses to Comments on January 1985 Proposed Revisions." EPA-450/3-6fr 004. The BID contains: (1) A summary of all public comments on the proposed revisions end the Administrator's response to the comments, and (2) a summary of the changes made to the revised standard since proposal Dockets. A docket number A-81-21, containing information considered by EPA in developing of the promulgated revisions to the standard for VC. is available for public inspection between 8:00 a m. and 4:00 p.m.. Monday through Friday, at EPA's Central Docket Section (LE-131). West Tower Lobby. Gallery l, 401 M Street. SW.. Washington. DC 20460. A reasonable fee may be charged for copying. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For further information concerning the enforcement aspects of the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Richard Biondi. Compliance Monitoring Branch. Stationary Source Compliance Division. (EN-341), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 401M Street SW.. Washington. DC 20409. telephone number (202) 3822826. For further information concerning the background technical information supporting the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Robert E. Rosensteel. Chemicals and Petroleum Branch. Emission Standards and Engineering Division (MD-13). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711. telephone number (919) 541-5671. For other information on the regulation of VC and the promulgated revisions, contact Mr. Fred Dimmick. Standards Development Branch. Emission Standards and Engineering Division (MD-13). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park. North Carolina 27711, telephone number (919) 541-5578. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Summary of Revisions to the Standard The VC standard was promulgated on October 21.1976 (41 FR 48560) end applies to plants producing ethylene dichloride (EDO) via oxychlorination, plant producing VC and plants producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or other polymers containing VC. These plants are subject to a combination of performance, equipment and work practice requirements at numerous points in the manufacturing processes. Based on its review of the technological basis and administrative aspects of the original standard. EPA proposed several administrative and clarifying revisions to the standard on January 9,1985 (50 FR 1182). The comments received and actions taken on these proposed revisions are discussed below. Requirements for Leak Detection and Repair Programs As proposed in January 1985, VC is being added to the list of substances covered by 40 CFR Part 81 Subpart V, which contains regulations for leaks from certain equipment in volatile hazardous air pollutant (VHAP) service. Previously, plant owners subject to the VC standard were required to prepare leak detection and repair plans for each VC and P-VC manufacturing facility and to submit these plans to EPA for review. An analysis of the plans submitted revealed that these plans varied widely from plant to plant. Further, some plans were considered to be inadequate and ineffective approaches to the control of VC leaks. The incorporation of Subpart V by the standard for VC emissions establishes standardized procedures for identifying leaks of VC and for taking steps to minimize emissions and repair leaks. Further, the incorporation of Subpart V will also accomplish a standardization of the definition of what constitutes a leak for routine leak detection. However, to avoid unnecessary changes to existing plans which are effective in detecting and repairing VC leaks, the standard contains provisions whereby any facility may demonstrate through annual (or more frequent, if requested by the Administrator) performance tests that the percentage of leaking valves remains at 2 percent as an alternative to following the Subpart V procedures. An owner may continue to follow the existing leak detection and elimination program for that facility for the purpose of achieving the 2 percent performance limit. However, existing plana are no longer required, nor do they necessarily meet the promulgated requirements. Compliance Test Procedure end Specific Opening Loss Limit for PVC Reactors Used as Strippers The Federal Register notice that promulgated the current VC standard stated that VC escaping from PVC resin that has been stripped in the reactor is not intended to be included as part of the VC emissions measured under the reactor opening loas requirements. For nonbuik PVC reactors which are used as strippers, however, no method was specified to determine what part of the VC in the vapor space of the reactor had escaped after the stripping was completed. Consequently, a method was proposed for determining the reactor opening loss that accounts for stripping in the PVC reactor for use by all nonbulk resin producers. After considering the comments on this proposed revision. EPA decided to promulgate the revision. Another proposed change in the standard affecting PVC reactors used as strippers applied to the production of bulk PVC resins. Two separate vessels are used in bulk resin production, e "prepolymerization" vessel and a "postpolymerization" vessel. Under the standard promulgated in 1976, both of these vessels were subject to the reactor ABD00078157 A Federal Register / Vol. 51. No- 189 / Tuesday, September 30. 1906 / Rules and Regulations 34905 opening loss requirements. However, an analysis of the operation of prepolymerization vessels revealed that these reactors are opened less frequently than other types of reactors, and that the determination of gross product (required for the calculation of reactor opening loss) is impractical In January 1985. EPA proposed to apply the equipment opening lots requirements, rather than the reactor opening Ins requirements, to these PVC reactors. The equipment opening bee reqarementa are more appropriate far the operating characteristics of the prepolymerization reactor vesreii and do aot change the overall VC emission control stringency appiicahfa prepofymerizattan mactoa. After considering the comments an this proposed revision. EPA decided to promulgate the revision. Clarification ofDefinitions and Standards Based on the EPA's experience with administering the VC standard, several provisions of the standard are being revised to reduce any ambiguity fa their implementation. For example, specific definitions of "leak.** "exhaust gas," and "relief valve discharge" are being added to clarify dm applicability of the provisions of the staadaid to oadi of these types of emission* Similarly, to eliminate misunderstandings about the application of the standard to ____ purification equipment following EDC and VC formation, the definitions of "EDC purification" and^fC purification" are being revised to more dearly indicate which equipment Is subject to the standard. Another revision being faooiporated into the --!it deae that the 10 ppmv standard is a 3-hour average emission limit rather than an instantaneous limit The performance teat provision In 16IA7(g)(l) has alse been clarified to specify that test results should reflect as dose toe 3-hour average as practicable Further, the 10 ppmv standard regulation la being revised to tpodfyMsBexhoeutgas streams are oovered by fide requirement tariedfag control dealoe bypass streams. In older to implement tide clarification. provtsfeoeoreaho being touoiporefed into the utauduid far cefariatiqg the VC content la bypassed emissions. A fins! leriilon to fae79 ppmv requirement Is Intended to prohibit plants from dftvting e VC exhaust gas stream wMi other exhaust gases fa order to meet the 10 ppmv fimft. Under tin revised standard, combining sn exhiost stream conrihAg more than 10 ppmv VC with gat stream fa only allowed when the combined stream is ducted to e control device. The inprocess wastewater requirements for gasholder seals are also being revised to exdude the exposed water seal of gasholders. Experience with the VC standard indicates that water contained fa the exposed water seel of e gasholder may exceed the 10 ppmv limit daring normal operation end that compliance with the atmospheric exposure limit is not practicable for this source. The inprocesa wastewater stripping reqinramenta. however, will continue to apply to wastewater after removal from the gasholder seal Other Administrative Meviahstu Other administrative revisions to tho standard include: fl) The efimineiioa of the 30-day limit for sources to submit requests for the use of equivalent control measures; (2) a from semiannual to quarterly reporting of VC emissions from resin stripping, reactor openings, and exhaust gases: and (3j allowance of reporting of periods of excess emissions instead of all emission measurements. Summary of tmpaefa fa tho Revisions to the standard represent administrative and clarifying changes no major revisions were proposed. Therefore, the environmental energy and economic Impacts of the original standard remain generally fW|p^>lT1^ A summary of die impacts of foe original standard can be found fa die pitmAh to the proposed standard revision* (90 FR1182). Public Portiripetfan Prior fa proposal of reviaioaa fa toe standard, interested parties were advised by pubtie notice fa tire Federal Register (4 FR 28007. June 29,1904) of a meeting ofdm National Air Pofiation Control Techniques Advisory Committee fNAPCTAC) to discuss dm revisions to tire VC standard iiwjinniiwitddfw|inipM--I. waging was held on AuguttJft.19M.Tba meeting was open to the puUfeend each attendee wes ghxa an opportunity 1 comment on die revised standard ^ recommended for proposal. The revised standard wra proposedfa the Federal Regbfareo farmery 9. mft. The pebPc comment period was from January 9, 1988 to March 28.998ft. A total of 16 comment letters werf received, faduthy represenfatires submitted moot ef the nowimewHeflesa. Also commenting were representatives of the U3. Congress; State T eState etr pofletion agency i psfa lire * have been considered'carefully and. where determined to be appropriate by EPA. changes have been made to the proposed revisions to the standard. Significant Comments Since Proposal Most of the comment letters contained multiple comments. In general the comments supported the proposed administrative and clarifying revisions. A detailed discussion of the csrrassats and responses can be found fa the 8D for the promulgated stredairi. wfafa fa referenced fa foe ADOttSGBS section of this preamble. Tfcscommretoad responses fa the B8> fans as fan basts for the changes that have baa mads fa the revised standard hat and pitwdgstinn Almost ail proposed revifao-- to fas retiaf valre discharge standard. Although many of the comnenters agreed wifo foe action to reforms* the standort. several comraeaten objected to various aspects of the discharge limit*. Based on consideration of these comments. EPA decided not to pronsdgits the proposed revision to the reliefvalve fasdhnge standard. The eomnumto sn fids and other proposed raetsfausaie srhhv--d in detail in toe BID far fat psooKilgatod standard sad fa summary fa foe next section of this preamble. One commenter requested reconsideration of the wtftfaswal of foe amendments fa the TCt weregrepeeed in wtf.Ufapstifio reconsideration wsa hearton* *' objections to the Agency's ase afi oneoof endeeenemlctiBpetfafatifa deefatoa fa aritiufruw foe piupusrt nun nilmunli milt In tin Dims j~o 11 ..... .....ini idfanliulssliiulislliisli of foe standard. Tho oommenters stated that the EPA's actions fa wftodrewfng the proposed amendments were inconsistent with the requirements of section 112 effoe Oreo Afr Aot As discussed farther fa tide pramnhls. toe Agency fa denying foe putitieo far reconsideration. 4 .. Proposed Bsviifans tolATVafato Discharge fifaniaad.*,^ ^rrir- The EPA hasderidrt otofa wiriv - promalgote revisions tifaiiftdrihi January 9.1988. Fr Thai different typeeffanneriralfaril far ' reliefvohre dfachaigre The dwfaiunfa retain foeorigfartrelftfValre fiaddip standard Wee mhtie after considering the revisions In Bght of pabBccoauneiit* and other findfaga. Altowirtt i ptfeMc comments fevered tin reviaioaa I AT*nnnn7Ri.ss 34906 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. I960 / Rules and Rcjulations A particular, several commenters expressed concern that preventable re! ef valve discharges would be allowed under the revised standard and tha: the performance allowed under the rex :sed standard could be inconsistent with that allowed under the original standard. Other comments expressed concern that the revised standard included no mechanism for regulating very large relief valve discharges. The basis for the statement that a large Agency resource commitment is required for enforcing the relief valve discharge standard was also questioned Aa a result of these comments. EPA reviewed the basis for the recommendations that led to the decision .to propose to reformat the standard. First, as discussed in the Federal Register notice proposing revisions to the relief valve discharge standard (30 FR1187). the review of the standard conducted between 1080 and 1962 found that the existing standard resulted in a significant commitment of Agency resources to the review and evaluation of discharges of VC from relief valves. Because the existing standard allows only "emergency** discharges of VC from relief valves (i.e,, the relief velve discharge could not be avoided by taking preventative measures), every discharge must be evaluated individually to determine whether the owner or operator of the facility has implemented the measures necessary to prevent that relief valve discharge. During the 4 to 8 yean since the review study was conducted, tha enforcement of the relief valve discharge standard has been made more efficient This is due in large part to experianca established in enforcing the standard. As a result EPA enforcement personnel consider implementation of this standard to be much less resource and labor intensive. A second conclusion from the 1080 to 1062 study was that industry did not have a clear understanding of what tha relief valve discharge standard required and what measures they needed to implement in order to comply with the standard During tha 4 to 8 yean since the review study, a number of enforcement actions have been taken against individual plants for violations of the standards. Those actions have culminated in consent decrees which incorporate requirements for remedial actions to prevent further relief valve discharges. The provisions of these content decrees have not only reduced the ----of relief valve discharges at specific plants, but they have also served as guidelines in dsteimining tha types of measures appropriate for minimizing the discharges. Because of these two developments. EPA concluded that the original findings of the review study are no longer valid and should not be the basis of a revision to the format of the relief valve discharge standard. The decision to retain the existing relief valve discharge standard aa a part of the standard for VC emisaions is further supported by two additional advantages that the existing standard has over the proposed revisions. First the existing standard provides that all preventable relief valve discharges ire subject to enforcement action. Under the proposed revisions, which would have allowed a small number of discharges per year whether preventable or not it it possible that a plant could experience preventable discharges and still be in compliance with the standard. Aa pointed out in public comments, it is theoretically possible that discharges resulting from gross negligence could go unpenalized under the revisions to the standard. The EPA did not intend this effect in the proposed revisions. The retention of the existing relief valve discharge standard allows EPA to continue the current enforcement approach. Second, the existing relief valve discharge standard provides a better mechanism for regulating large relief valve discharges. The proposed revision would have allowed a certain number of relief valve discharges per year, without regard to the size or duration of tha discharge. Consequently, as long as the number of releases were within the numerical limits of the proposed revisions to the standard, there were no mechanisms in the standard to enforce control of tha amount of VC discharged to the atmosphere. Under the existing relief valve discharge standard, however, the duration and size of the discharge are factors in determining the severity of a violation of tha standard. As a result, a plant owner or operator has a greater incentive under the current standard for taking action to reduce tha quantity of a discharge. In summary, EPA is not promulgating the revisions to the relief velve discharge standard which were proposed in the January 9,1966, Federal Register notioe. This decision was reached after consideration of public comments received on the proposal, and after a review of the basis for tha decision to reformat the standard. Because this review revealed that the burden on Agency resources haa diminished as experience with the implementation of the standard increased, and that understanding of tha provisions of tha existing standardon the part of industry should be clearer, the necessity for revising the format of the relief valve discharge standard is no longer apparent. The existing standard also has the advantages of penalizing all preventable relief valve discharges, providing better regulation of large volume relief valve discharges, and promoting continuity in the ongoing enforcement of the standard. In soma instances, it may be poasible for a plant operator to contain a relief valve discharge and to vent it to a control device. Where this can be done without exceeding the exhaust gas amission Umit of 10 ppmv. EPA concluded that this approach should be encouraged and. therefore, the discharge should be exempt from the relief vahre discharge standard. Venting the discharge through e control device can result in e 99.9 percent reduction in the VC content of the relief valve discharge without interfering with the control of VC emissions in exhaust gases which are also vented through the control device. Although compliance with the 10 ppmv standard would exempt the discharge bom the relief valve discharge standard, exceeding the 10 ppmv standard would be considered both e violation of the 10 ppmv standard and of the relief valve discharge standard. Denial of Petition For Reconsideration The NRDC and EDF petitioned EPA to reconsider the decision to withdrew the 1977 proposed revisions to the VC standard. The criteria for graatiig such a petition are: (1) The petition mustbe based on information that was not tad could not reasonably have been presented during the original rulemaking and (2) the petition moat provide substantial support far the argument that the challenged action should be changed. See Denial of Petition to Revise NSPS for Stationary Gas Turbines. 45 FR 81653 (December 1. 1980). As described below, this petition fails to meet either criterion, and it is therefore, denied. Consideration ofPetition The NRDC/EDF petition fai: _ reconsideration of the withdraw*! .was on four nremiaae. Pfaat--- . NRDC/EDF objected to theEPA'a, announcement of the withdrawalqf tha proposed amendments as a final action, without being preceded bye notice which proposed the withdrawal and allowed for pubtic comment on the action. Second. NRDC/EDF objected to the influence of coat considerations to the decision to withdrew the nrepoesd amendment, stating that the of costs and benefits In the setting of the VC standard ia contrary to th* , .- Federal Register / Vol, 51. No. 109 / Tuesday. September 30. 19fi0 / Rules and Regulations 34907 t. .lirrmenls of Section 112 of the Cltsin A : Ai l. Third. NRDC/EDF look issue %. h wh.it i( look lo be Ihc EPA's ;i-'.imption that Section 112 or the Clean A * Acl establishes a requirement that a k-\ el of control must have been "consistently achieved" in the past in order to form the basis of the standard. Finally. NRDC/EDF stated that the EPA's decisions on specific portions of the proposed amendments were in conflict with the evidence on those issues. In the first objection. NRDC/EDF state that the proposed amendments to the tS7 VC standard should not be withdrawn because no notice of such withdrawal had been published and there had been no opportunity for public comment on the withdrawal. During the 8 years which have elapsed since the proposal of those amendments, there has been ample opportunity afforded for public comment and input on the amendments and their withdrawal. The amendments, their protential consequences, and the decisions that the Agency might take with regard to them were all before the public. Specifically. NRDC and EOF received draft documents relating to the rulemaking distributed prior to the NAPCTAC meeting. Finally. NRDC did not give any supporting rationale for believing that further opportunity for comment would yield any relevant new information or arguments. Therefore. EPA does not believe that additional time.or provision for receiving further public comments could have been either necessary or helpful for the resolution of the issues involving the proposed amendments to the VC standard. The second issue raised by NRDC/ 5F involves the inclusion of cost consideration in the EPA's rulemaking deliberations under Section 112. The NRDC/EDF maintains that the language of Section 112 which requires the standard to be set at a level which provides an "ample margin of safety** to the public precludes consideration of the costa of control In the EPA's judgment the VC standard protects the public health with an ample margin of safety within the meaning of Section 112. and EPA may consider coat and feasiblity in setting the standard. The EPA views were explained in the 1979-76 VC rulemaking. The NRDC/EDF provided no new information on this issue. The NRDC/EDFs thirdobjection was the EPA was incorrect In stating that a level of control must be "consistently achieved'* in order to form the basis of the standard. Specifically. NRDC/EDF pointed to the language in the Federal Register notice that **10 ppmv represents the lowest level of control w hich has been consistently achieved" as indicating that EPA was applying such requirement in evaluating alternative exhaust gas requirements. However, the basis for EPA's selection of 10 ppmv as the VC standard for exhaust gas emissions is that this level of control is the lowest achievable emission limit attainable on a never-fo-be-exceeded basis. Although 5 ppmv may be achieved by some systems over a limited time period, the existing data indicate the this level of control cannot be maintained over a long-term, neverto-be-exceeded basis, as required by the standards. In addition to being achievable on a consistent, long-term basis, the 10 ppmv standard was also determined by EPA to provide the public with the ample margin of safety required by section 112. Therefore. EPA beleives that the standard satisfies the requirements of section 112. The final points raised by NRDC/EDF in support of the petition for reconsideration addressed three specific provisions of the proposed amendments which were withdrawn. The NRDC/EDF stated that the withdrawal of these provisions was in conflict with the evidence before the Agency. The first specific portion of the standard addressed in the petition is the withdrawal of the proposed 5 ppmv emission limit for exhaust gas emission in favor of the exiating 10 ppmv emission limit. The NRDC/EDF stated that the evidence in the record supports a finding that the 5 ppmv limit is achievable by new sources, and by existing sources within 3 years of promulgation. The petition also pointed to the.more stringent emission limit not be foregone. The EPA decided to maintain the 10 ppmv emission limit for exhaust gas emission for three primary reasons. First, as stated above, the 10 ppmv emission limit has been determined to be consistently achievable by industry, whereas the 5 ppmv emisaion limit cannot be consistently achieved. Second, even though the limit on maximum emissions of VC is set at40 ppmv. the average and moat short-term emissions will be considerably lower than this level Third, lowering the emission Unit on maximum emisaion rates to 9 ppmv would not significantly reduce the average emissions, and therefore, adopting the lower standard was determined by the Agency not to have a significant impact on emissions of VC or. accordingly, on public health risks. The petition for reconsideration presented no new evidence relevant to the Agency's decision.to withdraw (he proposed 5 ppmv cmissiun limit. The second decision addressed by the petition for reconsideration as conflicting with the considered evidence is the withdrawal of the S ppmv emission limit for oxychlorinalion vents. The petition points to a statement in the 1977 proposal that this emission limit could be attained based on the use of oxygen es a feed material rather than air. and maintains that no discussion or evidence were presented which would justify withdrawal of this proposal In the Federal Register (90 FR11851 evidence wae presented by the Agency supporting the conclusion that more stringent control of emissions from oxychlorinalion vents was unnecessary. First, no new technological controls have been developed which are applicable to these vents. Second, the costs of incinerating oxychlorinalion vent streams were reevaluated and determined, as before, to be unreasonable compared to the small reduction in VC emissions. And finally, with the possible exception of one plant, no new EDC/VC plants with oxychlorination reactors are expected to be constructed, and any that may be constructed will be adequately regulated by the requirements of new source review regulations. No new information was presented in the petition far ' reconsideration relevant to the decision to retain the existing OKycfelorinetion vent standard. -*- The third dedstan whkhwai^ addressed in the petitionfar reconsideration as awJlIettag wtfo the considered evidence is the withdrawal of the proposal to lower ths resld--i VC limit for new dispersion restea fcens- 2.000 ppmv to 500 ppmv. and foe limit for other new resine from 400 ppmv to 100 ppmv. The petition states that existing facilities are currently meeting the lower limits, and that both new and. existing facilities could be brought into compliance with the more afrtagent limits by using the equipment and procedures currently seedby the leading facilities. 'y The EPA withdrew foe proboeed more stringent stripping levtfieqapatnaairfor two main reasons. The first is thattbe nature of PVC production makes K difficult* to distinguish "new* from **old" resins. Resin compositions ve adjusted routinely, and completely "new" resins are rarely, if ever. made. Second. EPA concluded that there is no improved technology which would provide the basis for more stringent stripping requirements for all resins. The technologies which are effective for - specific retina may not be effective for ABD00078160 34908 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday, September 30. / Rules and Regulations A o*h;r rosins. The consequence of C5!^l)lishinRa more stringent standard wc Jd be that curtain hard-to-strip rev r.s could no longer be produced. In the EPA's opinion, such a result would be an unwarranted economic impact wh:ch is unnecessary to provide an ample margin of safety for public health. No new relevant information was presented in the petition for reconsideration. Administrative The docket is an organised and complete file of all the information considered by EPA in the development of this rulemaking. The docket is a dynamic file, since materiel is added throughout the rulemaking development The docketing system is intended to allow members of the public and industries involved to identify and locate documents so that they can effectively participate in the rulemaking process. Along with the statement of basis and purpose of the proposed and promulgated standards and EPA responses to significant comments, the contents of the docket, except for interagency review materials, will serve as the record in case of judicial review (section 307(d)(7)(A)J. The effective data of these revision is September 30.1966. Section 112 of the Clean Air Act provides that national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants bocoma effective upon promulgation and apply to all existing and new sources. As prescribed by section 112, promulgation of this standard was preceded by the Administrator's listing of VC under section 112 of the Act on December 24.1976 (40 HI 6*477}. in accordance with section 117 of the Act, publication of these promulgated revisions was preceded by consultation with appropriate advisory committees, independent experts, and Federal departments and agencies. Information collection requirements associated with this revised regulation (those included in 40 CFR Part 61, Subpart A and Subpart F) have been approved by the Office of Management aod Budget (OMB) under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 19801 44U3jC. 3501 at Sep- end have been assigned OMB control number 0166..The revised standard is estimated to recall in a paperwork burden of about 36 person-years which is roughly the tame as the original standard. Under Executive Order 12291, EPA is . required to fudge whether a regulation is a "major rule" and therefore subject to certain requirements of the Order. The EPA haa determined that the revised regulation would result in none of the adverse economic effects set furlh in Section 1 of the Order as grounds for finding a regulation to be a "major rule." The revised regulation is not major because: (1) Nationwide annual compliance costs, including capital charges resulting from the standard total less than S100 million: (2) the standard does not cause a major increase in ' prices or production costs: and (3) the standards do not cause significant adverse effects on domestic competition, employment, investment, productivity, innovation or competition in foreign markets. The EPA has submitted this rulemaking to OMB under Executive Order 12291. The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 requires the identification of potentially adverse impacts of Federal regulations upon small business entities. The Act specifically requires the completion of a Regulatory Flexibility Analysis in those instances where small business impacts are possible. Because this revised standard imposes no adverse economic impacts, a Regulatory Flexibility Analysis has not been conducted. Pursuant to the provisona of 5 U.S.G 605(b). 1 hereby certify that the proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. List of Subjects hi 40 CFR Part 61. Air pollution control Asbestos, Benzene, Beryllium. Hazardous materials. Mercury. Vinyl chloride. Dated: September U, 1666. Lee M. Hearn. Administrator. PART 61--RATIONAL EMISSION STANOAROS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS For the reesone set forth in the preamble, 40 CFR Part 61 is amended at follows: 1. The authority citation for Part 61 contunues to read as follows: Authority: Sere. 191.112.114.110.391. Clean Air Act as amended (42 U.S-G 7491. 7412. 7414. 7416. 7001). 2. Section 61.61 is amended by revising paragraphs CJ|* (1). (o) and (p) and by adding paragraphs (v), (w). (x). ? (y), and (*| to read as fellows: { 16141 Deflnmono. (fl "Ityoctea wastewater'* means any water which, during manufacturing or processing, comes Into direct contact with vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride or results from the production or use of any raw material intermediate product finished product by-product or waste product containing vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride but which has not been discharged to a wastewater treatment process or discharged untreated as wastewater. Gasholder seal water is not inprocess wastewater until it is removed from the gasholder ee e (I) "In vinyl chloride service" means that a piece of equipment either contains or contacts e liquid that is e least 10 percent vinyl chloride by weight or e gas that is at least 10 percent by volume vinyl chloride as determined according to the provisions of 181.67(h|. The provisions of f 61.67(h) also specify how to determine that a piece of equipment is not in vinyl chloride service. For the purposes of this subpart, this definition must be used in place of the definition of "in VHAP service" in Subpart V of this part. t44 (o) "Ethylene dichloride purification" includes any part of the process of ethyiena dichloride production which follows ethylene dichloride formation, excluding product storage following the final finishing column. (p) "Vinyl chloride purification" incudes any port of the process of vinyl chloride production whkdi follows vinyl chloride formation. 44 4 (v) "Relief valve" meant etch pressure relief device including pressure relief valves, rupture disks and other pressure relief systems used to protect process components from overpressure conditions. TWief valve" does not include polymerisation shortstop systems, referigerated water systems or control valves or other devices used to control flow to cn teemerstor or other air pollution control device. (w) "Leak" means any of several events that Indicate interruption of confinement of vinyl chloride within process equipment Leeks Include events regulated under Subpart V of this part such at: (l) An instrument reading of 10.000 ppm or greater measure according to Method 21 (see Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 00); (2) indications of liquid . dripping: (3) a sensor detection of fallwt of a seal system, failure of a beater fluid system, or both; and (4) detectable emission# at Indiratori by an instrument reading ofgreater than 500 ppm above background for equipment descaled for no detectable measured according to Teat Method 21 (set Appendix A of 40 CTR Part 601 also include events regulated under 16i45(b)(aXi) for detection of *<*<*" . concentrations in txeess of background fruniuiinauii Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. I960 / Rules and Regulations A 3-1903 c.'ncentntion. A relief valve discharge :> rot -i leak. (\}^^hau^ES^wsns any offgas ::he constituents of which may consist cf any fluids, either as a liquid and/or cis) discharged directly or ultimately to the atmosphere that was initially contained in or was in direct contact with the equipment for which exhaust gas limits are prescribed in 61.62 (a) and (b): ft 61.63(a): ft 61.64 (a)(1). (a)(2). (b). (c), and (d); 5 61.65(b) (!)(). (b)(2). fb)(5J. (b)(6)(H) and (b)(9)(H). (y) ''Relief valve discharge" meaner any nonleak discharge through a relief valve. "Relief valve discharge" does not include discharges ducted to a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), or equivalent as provided in $ ei.ee. (z) "3-hour period" means any three consecutive 1-hour periods (each hour commencing on the hour). 3. Section 61.62 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (b) to read as follows: f 61.62 Emission standard for ethylene dtehforide pianta. (a) Ethylene dichloride purification. The concentration of vinyl chloride in each exhaust gas stream from any equipment used in ethylene dichloride purification is not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), except as provided in 161.65(a). This requirement does not preclude combining of exhaust gas streams provided the combined steam is ducted through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm. or equivalent as provided in ) 61.66. This requirement does not apply to equipment that has been opened, is out of operation, and met the requirement in ft 61.65(b)(8)(i) before being opened. (b) Oxychlorination reactor. Except as provided in f 61.65(a), emissions of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere from each oxychlorination reactor are not to exceed 02 g/kg (04002 lb/lb) (average for 2-hour period) of the 100 percent ethylene dichloride product from the oxjmhlorinition process. 4. Section 61.63 is revised to read as follows: ft 6142 EraMonstandard tor vtnyt cmv pmVi An owner or operator of a vinyl chloride plant shall comply with the requirements of this section and 161-65. (a) Vinyl chloride formation and purification: The concentration of vinyl chloride in each exhaust gas stream from any equipment used in vinyl prevent the discharge, and measures chloride formation and/or purification is adopted to prevent future discharges. not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour IbfSffJftw.'The concentration of period), except as provided in $ 61.65(a). vinly chloride in each exhaust gas This requirement does not preclude stream from each stripper is not to combining of exhaust gas streams exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour provided the combined steam is ducted period), except as provided in 181.65(a). through a control system from which the This requirement does not apply to concentration of vinyl chloride in the equipment that has been opened, is out exhauat gases does not exceed 10 ppm. or equivalent as provided in ft61.66. This requirement does not apply to equipment that has been opened, is out of operation, and met the requirement in 8 8l.65(b)(6)(i) before being opened. 5. Section 61.64 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b). (c) and (d) to read aa follows: of operation, and met the requiremention 161.65(b)(6)(i) before being opened. (c) Mixing, weighing, andholding container& The concentration of vinyl chloride la each exhaust gas stream from each mixing, weighing, or holding container in vinyl chlorida service which precedes the stripper (or the reactor if the plant has no stripper) in the plant 961.64 Emission standard for polyvinyl chloride plants. 6 process flow is not to exceed 10 ppm (average for 3-hour period), except as provided in 161.65(a). This requirement (a) Reactor. The following does not apply to equipment that has requirements apply to reactors: been opened, is out of operation, and (1) The concentration of vinyl chloride met the requirement in 161.65(b)(6)(i) in each exhaust gas stream from each before being opened. reactor is not to exceed 10 ppm (averager, (d) Monomer recovery syttem. The for 3-hour period), except as provided til concentration of vinyl chloride in each paragraph (a)(2) of this section and exhaust gas stream from each monomer { 61.65(a). recovery system is not to exceed 10 ppm (2) The reactor opening loea from each (average for 3-hour period} except aa reactor is not to exceed 0.02 g vinyl provided In 16145(e). Hds requirement chloride/kg (0.00002 lb vinyl chloride/lb) does not apply to equipment that has of polyvinyl chloride product except as bees opened, is out of operatioa and provided in paragraphs (f)(1) and (frlT met the requirement tit ft 8145(bKa)0) of this section, with the product determined on a dry solids basis. This b efore* being opened. requirement does not apply to prepolymerisation reactors in the bulk 6. By revising paragraphic) Introductory text, end adding process. This requirement does apply to paragraphs (eM3) and (fito ft6144 to postpolymerisation reactors In the bulk read as follows: process, where the product means the gross product of prepolymerisation and postpolymertsation. 16144 Emlasien standwd tor pdyvtari M0AO9 pMA (3) Manual vent valve discharge. Except for an emergency manual vent {e) Sources following the etrtpperfth valve discharge, there is to be no The following requirements apply to discharge to the atmosphere from any manual vent valve on a polyvinyl chlorida reactor in vinyl chloride emissions of vinyl chloride to the atmosphere from the combination of all sources following the stripper(s) (or the service. An emergency manual vent reactorfs) if the plant has no strippetfs)] . valve discharge means a discharge to In the plant process flow including but the atmosphere which could not have not limited to, centrifuges, been avoided by taking measures to concentrators, blend tanka; filters, prevent the discharge. Within 10 days of dryers, conveyor air discharges, baggers, any discharge to die atmosphere from storage containers, and Inprocen any manual vent valve, the owner or operator of the source from which the wastewater, except as provided in paragraph (f) of this sectionr - discharge occurs shell submit to the W* Administrator a report In writing WV containing information on the source, (3) lto provisions of tide ptfgyiah nature and cause of the discharge, the apply at all times todudtag when off- date and time of the discharge, the specification or other types ofmetes tie approximate total vinyl chloride loss p^fde- *9 during the discharge, the method used (f) Reactor used aa stripper. When a for determining the vinyl chloride loss nonbulk recta reactor (a used at a (the calculation of the vinyl chloride, tripper this paragraph may be applied lota), the action that was taken to In lieu of f 6144 (a)(2) and Wfe* 34910 Federal Register / Vol, 51. No, 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1986 / Rules and Regulations 9"*". It; T-^weighted average emissions ofr period). or equivalent as provided in un>;;--.-.!ondt from reactor opening Josi $ 61.GG. and d.. s^rces fullowjhg ihe reackff^ used a.a stripper from'all grideixrf . polyv^->rchlortdewin'st'ripprt,in-t^ reaction each calendar day"may notS? 6. By revising paragraphs (b)(3). (b)(4). (b) (5), (b)(6). (b)l?). (b)(8). (b)(9)|ii). and (c) to f 61.65 as follows: exceed'* (i) ICC g/kg (0.00202 Ib/lb) of polyvirvl chloride product for dispersion polyvxsyl chloride resins, excluding } 81.65 Emission standard for sthylene dlcMoride. vinyf chloride and poiyvtnyt chloride plants. latex resins, with the product An owner or operator of an ethylene determined on a dry solids basis. (ii) 0.42 g/kg (000042 lb/lb) of polyvinyl chloride product for all other polyvinyl chloride resins. Including ktexv resins, with the product determined on a dry solids baaia. 7. Section 61.05 is amended by dichloride, vinyl chloride, and/or polyvinyl chloride plant shall comply with the requirements of this section. (a) (b) * * * W" W* (3) Leakage from pump, compressor, revising paragraphs (a), (b)(l)(ii) and and agitator seals: (b)(2) to read as follows: (i) Rotating pump*:Vinyl chloride f 61.06 emission standard tor atoytono sifimMs wryi snonoii SI9 pof7__*_"I__*_7-A' ctoortdo ptanta. (a) Relief vo/ve discharge. Except for an emergency relief discharge, there is to be no discharge to the atmosphere from any relief valve on any equipment in vinyl chloride service. An emergency relief discharge means a discharge which could not have been avoided by taking measures to prevent the ditchar^. Within 10 days of any relief valve discharge, the owner or operator of the source from which the relief valve discharge occurs shall submit to the Administrator a report in writing containing information on the source, nature and cause of the discharge, the date and time of the discharge, the appnsdmnto total vinyl chloride loss during the discharge, the method need for detomining the vinyl chloride loss (the cakaUtfon of the vinyl ehintiHp- loss), the action that was taken to preveot the discharge, and measures adopted to prevent future discharges. (b) * # * (1)*'* (0 * * (u) Any vinyl chloride removed from a loading or nnltm/ting ||iim jo accordance with paragraph (b)(l)(i) of this section it to be ducted through a control system from whidi the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed ID ppm (averags lot 6-hour . period), or equivalent as provided in I dim (2) S/tpgauges. During loading or emissions from seals bn all rotating pumps in vinyl chloride service are to be minimized by installing sealless pumps, pumps with double mechanical seals or equivalent as provided in 161.66. If double mechanical seels are used, vinyl chloride emissions from the seels are to be minimized by maintaining the pressure between the two seals so that any leak that occurs it into the pump; by ducting any vinyl chloride between the two seals through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm; or equivalent as provided in f 81.66. Compliance with the provisions of40CFRFnrt6lSubpeitV demonstntaa compliance mtth die- - provisions of this paragraph. (ii) Reciprocating pump*. Vinyl chloride emiseions from seals on all reciprocating pumps in vinyl service are to be minimized by installing double outboard seals, or equivalent aa provided in 16148. If double outboard seals are used, vinyl chloride emissions from the seals are to be minimized by maintaining tha pressure between the two seals so that any leak that occurs is into the pump; by ducting any vinyl chloride between the two seals through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm; or equivalent as provided ha 16146. Compliance with the provisions of 40 CFR Fart 81 Subpart V demonstrates compliance with the provisions of this paragraph. . (iii) Rotating amprmsar. Vinyl unloading operations, the vinyl chloride chloride emissions from seals on all emissions from each slip gauge in vinyl rotating compressors in vinyl chloride chloride service are to be by service are to be minimired by installing ducting nay vinyl chloride discharged compressors with double mechanfael from the kp gauge through a central seals or equivalent es provided la system from which the concentration of 161.66. If double mechanical seals are vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does used, vinyl chloride emissions from the not exceed 10 ppm (average hr 2-hour - seals are to be minimized by maintaining the pressure between the two seals so that any leak\that occurs is into the compressor: by ducting any vinyl chloride between the two seals through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm: or equivalent as provided in 161.66. Compliance with the provisions of 40 CFR Part61 Subpart V demonstrates compliance with the provisions of this paragraphs (iv) Reciprocating compressors. Vinyl chloride emissions from seels on ell reciprocating compressors in vinyl chloride service are to be minimised by installing double outboard teals, or. equivalent as provided in 4 6106. If double outboard seals are used, vinyl chloride emissions from the seals are to be minimized by maintaining the pressure between the two seals so that any leak that occurs is into the compressor, by ducting any vinyl chloride between the two seals through a control system from which concentration of vinyl chloride In the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm: or equivalent as provided in 161.66. ,, Compliance with the provisions of.4#j> CFR Part 61 Subpart V demonstrator compliance with the provtsiooe of this parajpaph... (v) AgftottiR.Vinyi chloride emisainns from seels on all agitators ia vinyl chloride service are to be by installing agitators with doable machankal seals, or equivalent as . provided in 16146. if doable * mechesicel seels ere used, vinyl chloride esrissioas from the seals me to be minimized by maintaining the pressure between the two seal* so that any leak that occurs is into the agitated vessel: by ducting any vinyl Alcride between the two seals through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gasas does not exceed 10 ppm; or equivalent ea provided in 161.66. (4) Looks from relief relies. Vinyl chloride emiesians due to leeks from each relief valve on equipment in vinyl chloride eervica shall comply with S 61.246*4 ofSubpart V of this pert. (5) Adman/ venting ofgases. Exoept ee provided in 161.64(e)(3). ell gates which are manually veotad from equipment In vinly chloride service are to be dueled through e control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride tothe exhaust gases does not exceedto ppm (average far *how period} or ~- equivalsnt es pwridedln f 6146; (6) Opening afeqnipmsnl Vinyl chloride emissions from opening el equipment (todading prepolyiasiiiatluh reactos need in the manifacturt ofbulk r ADD00070103 A Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30, 1986 / Rules and Regulations 34911 rc$i*?*and loading or unloading tinea (hat a-? not opened to the atmosphere after each loading or unloading operar:on) are to be minimised as folio**: ft) Before opening any equipment fee any reason, the quantity of vtoyft chlorde which is contained toerrie ia to be reduced to an amount which octapiea a volume of no more then ZD percent of the eqtRpment'a containment vetmne or 0.0850 cubic metare (SSgalleneh whicbmtev ia larger, at standard tempmature and pressure. (i*) Any vinyl cbfehde removed bum the tguipiuttH in eccBidnntn with paragraph (b)(61(i) of this section la te be dueled through a control eystrm from . which the concentration ofvtnyf chloride hi the enheosl gusee does net exceed 10ppm (averagefoilfcwr period)r or equivalent as provided hi ft 91.06. (7) ScmpFn. Unused portions of samples contenting at hast 10 percent by weight vinyl chloride are le be returned to the process ordestroyed b a control device from which concentration' of vfnjrf ehhiride In the exhaust gas does not exceed 10 ppm fsieiage farg log period) or.equivalent at prevftdsd to' ft WJh Sampling techniques are to bn seek that aampfe eoatainers in vinyl chinrideserviceaaepwgto lotos dosed p------ system. Cbtapfisnct ntt tito- pravitoona oftfCFR Pert 01 Shbpart V demonstrates complaace with the (8) leak dtoaeffemm Vinyl chloride emissians due to leeha from equipment tartnyl chloride mvvica us to ha minimised aa foUowc 0) A reliable end occursto vinyl chftorato moniCoring system dmil be operated for desaction of meftee leela and identification of (he general arm of the plant where e leak is lornted A vinyl chloride monitoring system nans a device which obtains air samples from one or more pools on e coattaoui sequatial basis and analyse ton samples with ge chrametopaphy ar. if toe owner or operatoraaauoae that ell hydrocarbons measured ara vinyl cUorito with infrared spectrophotometry* flame ton detection, or an equivalent or alternative method. The vtaqrl chloride meettortofpatera shall be operated according to a or operator. The ownar or c shall submit a deveription oftoe tot AJmhitaifturwfttto todays oftoe afleettoe date of theta lylaltonh unless a wafvarofcompfisnnafti granted uadhr ff 01.11. ertonpraffwheeoMD approved nod the not nqueat a review of toe Approval of a program will be granted by the Administrator provided he finds: (A) The location and numbm of points to be monitored and the frequency of monitoring provided for in the program are acceptable when they era compered with the aaoibcr of pieces of equipment in vinyl chloride service aod atae aad physical layout of the plant (B) U contains a definition ofleak which is acceptable when compared with the background concentrations of vinyl chloride in the cans of the plant to be monitored by the vinyl cUocfrfe monitoring system. Iifnenramanfa of bsckgroand concenirallona of vinyl chloride in the trees of the pfanl to ha monitored by the vinyl chloride monitariag syatam ara to be l,t<4i"<~< with Ihe description of the program. Tha definition oftraitor a given plant may vary among tha (Afferent areas wflfrto the plant and is also to change over tone as background concentrations in the plant are reduced. (C) It r-nniaina an acceptable plan of action to be taken when a teak (a detected. (D) h provides toe an acceptahb calibration and maintenance aefrodhto for the vinyl chloride monitoring system aud portable hydrocarbon detecfae.hr the vinyl chlackia monitoringsystem, e daily toaa check to to be cosdaetadwflh a concentration of vinyl chloride cqiml to the ccmcaoftmtico definedas amah according to paragraph (MMOCB) of this section. The calibration is to be done with tatimto (T) A critorntien gas mixture pcapmod from the gases verified ia sarfirma sat. and efTeat Method U6 aad in accantoace with section 7.1 ofTael Method lOto or {) A calibration gas cylinder standard Mwtatntng the appropriate amomMtaB of vinyl chloride. The ges composrttem sf toe eeltinathra pi cylinder atoadnrd la to have baam certified by ton maantartorartt^^^ that thernermrtratton doeeMldSgv greater them mSpmcanl from thm certified value, lee date ofgaecytindae preparation, certified vinyl chloride , and for establishment and verification of calibration standards am to be followed. (it) Fraewtopracwsuniiaubiecn* this suopsCe ponul Irak detection and^. repair program shall be implementedconaistentwith Subpart V of this pvt except u provided la paragraph_1 (bJMUlQ el toia sactiod This program is to ha implemented willtia 00 day* of ton effective data af these wgntoHnna under fwvg^toCblWIMBflftota 101M& and ft 0LSC7 of Subpnrt Vef this part far any araraiamrft to which * the pmcantaee of leaking vatna in damonatentod to be has toms to percent, ssdetannlnad to arrnrdanpe with the fefiowtog (A) A perimmance toil apedfiad to paragraph (bNMWmeftotosactiea shril be ccmhmtod Utiafiy witoto 00 days rf the effective deto of these regulation* anourily, and eft times regermed kptba Adndntotratod (B}Fos each perfocmance teat, e minimum of 0QOm 90 peiamh iitihhaam ia lam nf Ibe inial ralvaa to VOCaamrian tee defined to kSOttohaf Subpart W of Pari 00) wtihto toe process unit shell ba randomly selerted and meefttosed wtthtol weakay toe methods spedflad in ft 01.248(b#af tWe part. Sam taateumani reedtogaflAOOO ppm or greater is measured, a leak to detected. The leek percentags shall be determhmd bp Mfegtoe emriaref valves in VOC sendee for whhto Inrim ere detected by tov mentortotesflad valves to VDC aarvftsm (Q Ife teak tedstefted Ifshariba repaired In aooardmmewfto 010JC W (d) end (eft sfSebpmt ef toto pmt {DfTberevrilsoftimpmlbrmmce teat shati ba aubmltterf te writing to toe AduriiriiaitoriB toe (tofftsHtirift report Mowing tou performance test as part cl tiie reporting leqriimteto ftOlJOl (BJ Any procase antito t greeter than to pmranftt tphaenra^rhfofc^aUieHncQatMrilSmaraMalhcadtllmm i masioonpty toihaBpnivtakmato Subpart V aftoto pert vrftotoflO dkyto (lji wfctAap--IKvfayTAInAfc lest than10 percantoftoe tee eat. . exempt from tot requirements of ft 0UO-6 of Subpart V. provided tod open andsd valve* or tome am rwyilsadbf pesagimdi ffilMfl tftoto Mcttonlksi 34912 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday, September 30. 1900 / Rules and Regulations this exemptkm-to'btheuxtetinf ended vaIves'Of-Him tbjjtarMtS^.-, der.onsiratedto^^jiwslgniRcarit' reL^fitcosttocompl^vrttEalar, requirements of 181.243^0 of Subpart.V. t* (9) * (ii) Any vinyl chloride removed from the inprocess wastewater in accordance with paragraph (b)(9)(i) of this section is to be ducted through a control system from which the concentration of vinyl chloride in the exhaust gases does not exceed 10 ppm (avenge for 9>hoar period): or equivalent as provided in 101*66.' (c) The requirements in paragraphs (bHH (b)(2). (b)(3), (b)(8), (b)(7) and (bH8) of this section are to be incorporated into a standard operating procedure, and made available upon request for inspection by the Administrator. The standard operating procedure is to include provisions for measuring the vinyl chloride in equipment 4.75 m* (1.250 gal) in volume for which an emission limit is prescribed in 181.6S(b)(6)(i) after opening the equipment and using Test Method 108, e portable hydrocarbon detector, or an alternative method. The method of measurement is to meet the requirements ia 181.67(g)(5)(i)(A) or (g)(5)(i)(B). 8l Section 61.88 is revised to read aa follows: HIM fqidvriH sgsmsiifig Upon written application from an owner or operator, the Administrator may approve use of equipment or procedures which have been demonstrated to his satisfaction to be equivalent in terms of reducing vinyl chloride emiasions to the atmosphere to thoee prescribed for compliance with a specific paragraph of this subpart. 10l By revising paragraphs (f), (g)(l)(l). (g)(2)- (g)(3) introductory text (g)(3)(i). (gIPHUi), (g)(5) introductory text and by (gXSHii) adding paragraphs (g)(6) and (h) in 101.67 aa follows: |4t07 MniMMa (f) The owner or operator shall retain at the plant and make available, upon reonest for inspection by the Administrator, for a minimum of 9 years, records of emission test results end other data needed to determine emissions. w (!)* (i) For each run. one sample Is to be collected. Hie sampling sita is to be at least two stack or duct diameters downstream and one half diameter upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, or visible flame. For a rectangular cross section an equivalent diameter is to be determined from the following equation: equivalent diameter*2 (length) (width)/ length 4-width The sampling point in the duct is to be et the centroid of the cross section. The sample is to be extracted et e rate proportional to the gas velocity et the sampling point The sample is to a minimum volume of 50 Ilian corrected to standard conditions and it to be taken over a period as dose to 1 hour as p racticable. * (2) Test Method 107 or Method 801$;(incorporated by reference as spedfled^ in 181.18) is to be used to determine the concentration of vinyl chloride in each inprocesa wastewater stream for which an emission limit is prescribed in f 61.65(b)(9)(i). (3) When a stripping operation is used to attain the emission limits in 161.64 (e) and (f), emissions are to be determined using Test Method 107 as follows: (i) The number of strippers reactors used as strippers) and samples and the typee and grades of resin to be sampled are to be determined by the Administrator for each individual plant at the time of the test based on the plant's operation. (ii) (iii) The corresponding quantity of material processed by tech stripper (or; reectar used as e stripper) is to be determined on e dry solids basis and by a method submitted to end approved by the Administrator. (iv) (4) * (5) The reactor opening lota for which an emission limit is prescribed in 161.64(a)(2) Is to be determined. The number of reactors for which the determination is to be made Is to be specified by the Administrator for each individual plant at the time of the determination baaed on the plant's operation. (1) * * * (ii) A calculation baaed on die number of evacuations, the vacuum involved, end the volume of gas in the reactor ia hereby approved by die Administrator as an alternative method for determining reactor opening lost for postpolymarfsation reactors in the manufacture of bulk retina. Calculation methods based on techniques other than repeated evacuation of the reactor may be approved by the Administrator for determining reactor opening loos for postpolymerization reactors in the manufacture of bulk resins.------ (6) Fata reactor that is used as stripper, the emissions of vinyl chloride'' from reactor opening loss and all ^ sources following the reactor used aa a stripper for which an emission Unit is prescribed In 16t.64(Q are to be determined. The number of reactors for. which the determination is to be made is to be specified by the Administrator for each individual plant et the time of the determination bated on the plant's operation (i) Far tech batch stripped in the reactor, the following measurements are to be made: (A) The concentration (ppm) of vinyl chloride in resin after stripping, measured according to paragraph (g)(3) of this.section; (B) Hie reactor vacuum (mm Hg) at end of strip from plant instrument: and (C) The reactor temperature (*C) at end of strip from plant instrument (ii) For each batch stripped in the reactor, the following information is to be determined: (A) The vapor pressure (mm Hg) of water in the reactor et end of strip from the following table: Aawarn mommu* CQ wNeAar HO as 6BJ . 41 613 41 614 43 644 44 sas 4S 714 4S 716 4? 764 40 0.7 4S 604 90 OS 91 74 a 102.1 93 1074 $4 1116 96 1164 96 1234 97 1264 96 1X1 96 1424 60 1414 61 1614 H.O W4 cm a 104 SI .1714 4 1764 66 1674 IS lOI 7 2064 66 2144 6S 207 70 207 71 2414 72 2644 72 207 74 2774 *6 286.1 76 101.4 77 314.1 76 3274 7t 3414 60 301 61 307 2 3644 a 4014 *0 mwm* To (KM H *4 4116 ss 4334 M 4604 7 407 66 4S7.1 O 901 K 6216 61 6464 62 8874 M 966 6 64 610.9 69 633.6 66 6S76 67 692.1 66 707.3 66 733 2 100 7600 (B) The partial preaiura (mm Hg) of vinyl chloride in reactor at end ofstrip from the following equation: PPVC- 760-KV-VPW where ffVC* partial pressure of vinyl chloride. In mm Hg 7B0atmoephadc preome at 0 X. la mm Hg RVabsolute vahas of reactor vacuum, m mm Hg VFWavapor pressure of water, in mm Hg - (C) The reactor vapor space volume M at and ofstrip ran the following equating;: ABD00078165 A Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1906 / Rules and Regulations 34013 PVCW RVSV-RC-VW---------- . 1.400 wrwe: RY5V - reactor vapor jpaee volume, in m* RC-reactor capacity, in m* \YV volume of water in reactor from recipe, in a* PVCW--dry weight of polyvinyl chloride ia reactor from recipe, in k( 1.400 typical density of potyvrnyl chloride, in kg/m* (iii) For each bateh stripped in tha reactor, the combined reactor opening loss and emissions from all sources following the reactortrsed a* a stripper is to bs determined using the following equation: fPPVCKRV3V)(1.00n c-ippiavcxurv (PVCW)(273+RT) where: C-g vtuyF chkride/lg poiyvfeyt chloride product PPMVC -concentretfam of vfnyf chferide to reeht tfttt stripping to ppm W'-cenverew* feeler Airppm partiei premure qfvtoytcfehetto detaanfned according to paragraph tfhe)tu}tB) el this aacttoa. PaaHg RVSV --reactor vapor spaca volume 4UwniHri wiw<iita M Dinaniik (R)(0lft>KQ of tfcia section, ia m* 1.002-idaaf gas coairaat lag- TC/am Hg-m*far vfnyl drforidb PVCW-dry weighr erf potyitopt (AMr to rescue from recipe. In to PteMwom factor la "Cto '1C RT--reactor temperature, in *C (h)(1) Each piece of equipment within a process unit that can reasonably contain equipment in vinyl chloride service is presumed to be In vfnyf chloride service uniats an owner or operator demonstrates diet the piece of equipment ia not in vinyl chloride tern feta Per piece ofequipment to be considered not in vinyl service, it moat be determined that toe parent vinyl chloride content can be ressematoly expected net to exceed W puunl by weight for liquid streams or contained liquid volemee end M percent by vafan far gBt streams orcontained gw volumes. which also includes gas volumes above iiqefedsheeineer contained Hqnid triaan Fee purposes of daJenniniag the pereeel vinyl rhlwrirto cement <rf the process Raid thet is contotoad in er entocta rwfrmial procedune tfenteanfacmto tonmetoeds deeoibed in ASTM IfaiM D-gav (incorporated by mferance aa specified in 181Ag) shall be used. (ZJPJ Aa owner oroperator mayuse engineering fiidgneuf rafter tta the procedures in paragraph (h)(1) ofAit section In rirnnenafista that the percent vinyl chloride content does not exceed 10 percent by weight for liquid streams and 10 percent by volume for gas iAmm. pwtfed Aal ft* angfnmhtg judgnmnl that ton vtogft chloride content dearly does not exceed 10 percent When an owner or operator and the Adatobriahgdn oat ague on whether a place sfeqtopmenl it not to vinyl ctocride semen, however, the procedures in paragraph (h)(1) of thin section shaM be used to resolve toe disagreement (it) If aa ewnw or operator rlrtarmfnas that a pfcca of aqpiporant ia ia vinyl chloride service, the determination can be revised only after following the procadnra* iaparagraph (h)(1) of this section (3) Sample < HotarrrUning I-- percent vinyl chloride content shall be representative of the process fluid that is contained in or contacts the equipment. 11. By adding paragraphs (dfc (e) and (f) to 101.68 aa follows: )IUI bntoionnonftorlng (d) Wheneahmatges(ssh having emission hmtix that am subject to tot reqahameul el paragraph (a) at then section. am emfWod to the afnxmphere without passing throagfa the mutiuf system and required vinyl chloride monitoring system, the vinyl chloride content of the emission shall be calculated (to unite of each applicable canMioe Unto) by beat practical engineering judgment burnt aa toe dischargeduration and known VC eoncentratfanv far toe effected equipment aa determined to accordance wilb I SUTfhJ or other acceptable . meAo<L (e) tor each>hnirpmtod.ton viflyl the raqatveaeatoa# paragraphs (h) mid tar ofMr eectosashaO he averaged (weighted according to toeproportion of monitond aadtoaB Mfctiaao bppaaaad stolen) larparpoetnof (0 For caduviflj^ilorideemission to the atmogfifiSroetmiihedin accordance with paragraph (e) of-thirrvr section to be in excess of the applicable ' emission limits, the owner or operator7 shall record the identity of the lourcc(s). the date. time, and duration of the excess emission, the causa of the excess emission, and the approximate total vinyl chloride loss during the excasa emission, and the method used for determining the vinyl chloride loss. This information shell ha resumed end made available for inspection by the Administrator as required by 161.71(e). 12. In 161JO by revising toe section tttto from "Semiannual report*4 to* "Reporting'*, and by revMng paragraphs (a), (c)(1). (cH2) introductory text (c)(2)(iii). (C2)(iv). Icmn (c2)(vi) introductory text and (e)(3) and also by adding (effrf) to read at feflbwv lout wparto^ (a)(1) The owner or operator of any source to which this subpart applies shall submit to the Administrator on March lepton is, September IS, end December 13 of each year a report to writing ccnfestoiqg the iadtomaEtte required by tola aaetten. Thetost report is to be submitted feRowing Aafirat full 3-month eupsttog period efts toe todXsl report ia snlimillsil the appro end reporting aAntoduhett he used. In be submitted exactly g toe currant raporttgg Cc)* - tl)Tto ownae as operates ahal include in the report a record of the vinyl chlaiida content of anintenaCar eadk h-hara partod during which avenge emissions an to axcraa ofthe -- limits in fa 6L62 (a)a (H i 61d3(*). or 161.64 (a)(1), (bj, (c). or (d^or doriito which average emlsainei aseto aveem of the emission limits specified foe any control system to which reactar emissiaeean nqateed tobn ducted in f 6i.M(eXa to which fagtora -ntirtim art rttitorad far h farlid to for which averageanteateaa man detevminad daring ton raparitog ptriad stott bn npeetodl tf eadatiowto mmm of tha eaiaaiam Mmito an noa datacto4 the repert shall canlatonalalamnithnl Tba mttoalana am to bn dtfemmtosd to accofdaacnwMh|hfi^eb. - (2) In polyvinyl chltsidn plaeto lar which n strapping operatic* in used to tstothnwnisatonlmfpwsnftudto fCLMfahthn or eperauratoll ABD0Q078166 34914 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. Ifl9 / Tuesday. September 30. 19B6 / Rules and Regulations A include in the report a record of the vinyl chloride content in the polyvinyl chloride resin. nr (ill * * (in} The vinyl chloride content in each sample is to be determined by Test9'' Method 107 as prescribed in 8 6l47fg)(3>./ (iv) [Reserved) (v) The report to the Administrator by the owner or operator ia to include a XP<Ma i-l At* 1 . Or Pc Mot > Pc M 4qT where: A*24-hour average concentration of typo T min in ppm (dry weight beds) Q *Total production of type T min over the 24-hour period, in kg. T-Type of min. MaConcentration of vinyl chloride in one sample of grade Ci redo in ppm. PaProduction of grade Ci min represented by the sample, in kg. GiGrade of min: e.g.. Cl. Cl Cl a aTotal number of grades of min produced during the 24-bour period. The number of 24 hour average concentrations tor tech resin type determined during the reporting pelted shall be reported If no 24-bour average resin vinyl chloride concentration! In excess of the limits prescribed in 6144(e) are meatnjsd. the report shall state that no excess min vinyl chloride concentrations were measuied (vi) The owner or operator shall retain at the source and make available for inspection by the Administrator for a minimum of 3 years records of el) data needed to furnish the information required by paragraph (c)(2)(v) of this section. The records are to contain the following information: (A) * * (B)* * * (3) The owner or operator shall include in the report record of any emissions from each reactor opening in excess of the emission Units prescribed in 16144(a)(2). Emissions era to be determined in accordance with 8 6147(g)(5), except that tmiseiooi for each reactor are to be determined The number of reactor openings during the reporting period shell bo reported If emissions in excess of the wniseion limits are not detected the report shall include a statement that excess emissions have not been detected (4) In polyvinyl chloride plants ter which stripping in the reader is used to attain the emissfon level prescribed to record of any 24-hour average resin vinyl chloride concentration. asr"w determined in this paragraph, in excess of the limits prescribed in 8 61.64(e). The vinyl chloride content found in each sample required by paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (c)(2)(ii) of this section shall be averaged separately for each type of resin, over each calendar day and weighted according to the quantity of each grade of resin processed by tile stripperfs) that calendar day, according to the following equation: .P^Mo, 8 6144(f). the owner or operator shall include in the report a record of the vinyl chloride emissions from reactor opening lots and all sources foUowing the reactor used as a stripper. (i) One representative sample of polyvinyl chloride resin is to be taken from each batch of each grade of resto, immediately following the completion of the stripping operation, and identified by resin type end grade and the date and time the batch ia completed. The corresponding quantity of material processed in eaefeatripper batch is to be recordedgad.identified'by resin type and grad^nd the date and time the batch is completed. (ii) The vinyl chloride content in each sample is to be determined by Test Method 107 as prescribed in 8 6147(g)(3). (iii) The combined emissions from reactor opening loss and all sources following the reactor used as stripper are to be determined for each batch tripped in a reactor according to the procedure prescribed in 8 6147(g)(6). (iv) The report to the Administrator by the owner or operator is to include record of any 24-hour average combined reactor opening loss and emissions from all sources following tha reactor used as a stripper as determined in this paragraph, in excess of the limits prescribed in 8 6144(f). The combined reactor opening loss and emissions from all sources foUowing the reactor used as a stripper associated with each batch are to be averaged separately for each type of resin, over each calendar day and weighted according to the quantity of each grade of resin stripped to reactors that calendar day as foUows: For each type of resin (suspension, dispersion, latex, bulk, other), the foUowing calculation is to be performed: n 2|PICa _PoC.qi+P.wC_(+ , . . +Pa.C. where: A*24-bour average combined reactor opening loss end emissions horn all sources foUowing the reactor used as tripper, to g vinyl cbloride/kg product (diy weight basis). Q-Total production of retin in batches for which stripping is completed during the 24-hour period. to kg. T*Type of resto. C--Average combined reactor opening lose snd emissions horn all sources foUowing the reactor seed ea e stripper of ell batches of pads Gi resto for which stripping ia completed during tha 24-hour period..in g vinyl chloride/kg product (dry weight basis) (determined accenting to procedure prescribed to 8 6147(g)(6)). PProduction of grade Gi resto to the batches for which C is determined to kg. G,-Grade ofresto cg~ Gi. G and Gs. n*Total number of grades of resto to batches for which stripping ia completed during tha 24-hour period Tha number of24-hour average emisaiona determined during the reporting period shall ba reported. If do 24-hour average combined reactor opening loss and emissions from ail . sources foUowing the reactor used a stripper to excess of the limits prescribed to 8 61.64(f) ere determined, the report shall state that no excess vinyl chloride emissions were determined 11. By revising paragraph (a) Introductory text of 8 61.71 as foUowa: 861.71 nacordkeaptog. (a) The owner or operator of any source to which this subpart applies shall retain the foUowing information at the source and maka it available for inspection to the Administrator far a minimum of 3 years: * 14 By revising paragraph (a)(4) and adding paragraph (b)(1) to 8 61.18 as follows: 8 61.16 Incorporation by Mmnoa ' fr W* (4) ASTM D2267-66 (reappreved 1976) Aromatic* to Light Naphthas and ABD00078167 Federal Register / Vol. 51. No. 189 / Tuesday. September 30. 1986 / Rules and Regulations 34915 ~~ . A Aviation Casoline by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved June 6. 1984. for 81.245(d)(1) and iBR approved September 30.1986 for 8l.67(h)(l). ! I (b) The following material is available from the U S. EPA Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Cincinnati. Ohio 45268. (1) Method 601. Test Method for Purgeable Halocarbons. July 1982. IBR approved September 30.1986 for I 61.67(gJ(2J. 15. By revising the definition "volatile hazardous air pollutants" in 61.241 of Subpart V to read as follows: 961.241 Definition*. "Volatile hazardous air pollutant" or "VHAP" means a substance regulated under this part for which a standard for equipment leaks of the substance has been proposed and promulgated. Benzene is e VHAP. Vinyl chloride ie e VHAP." 18. By revising the definition of "connector" in 161.241 of Subpart V ae follows: 9 61.241 Definitions. "Connector'jfineaasflanged. screwed, welded gfeoiher JoTire^fittings used to connecMwo pipe lines or a pipe line and a piece of equipment. For the purpose of reporting and recordkeeping, connector means flanged fittings that are not covered by insulation or other materials that prevent location of the fittings. ee (FR Doe. 95-22032 Filed 9-29-95:9:45 amJ sauM coot WMM| 1 >*