Document OEgEqQwpvnwOB0O4Z7weVnXaK

SM-M (REV. &! Shell Oil Company Interoffice Memorandum JANUARY 29, 1981 w PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT FROM: J. L. RIVARD TO: D. P. ATWOOD R. 1. BRUNNER F. A. ELY L. W. KINISON H. L. KUSNETZ J. J. PICKELL SUBJECT: RESPIRATORY PROTECTION REFERENCE MANUAL Attached is a revised draft of Respiratory Protection Program Guidelines. The revisions include the various minor suggestions for improvements, plus changes in the physical capability section in response to input from Corporate Medical. While the basic approach to determining physical capability remains the same, the role of the voluntary physical examination has been deemphasized. This change was made to protect the confidential physician/patient relationship which is fundamental to the success of the voluntary physical examination program. Dr. Simpson has agreed with this revised approach. The section on facial hair remains (for the moment) essentially as proposed, with the second (less stringent) alternative still included. As you are aware, it has been proposed that the second alternative (top of page 7) be deleted. This amounts to "biting the bullet", and adopting the "no established facial hair" position. This position apparently is supported by Pipe Line, Marketing Distribution, R&D, and E&P.: Manufac turing and IR are requested to give serious consideration to this position. Comments should be returned by February 12. We will discuss this item again at the February 24 SX meeting. ! i i ( i 1 Attachment cc - W. B. Austin B. F. Aurelius D. L. Buffington R. H. Coe K. C. Crawford R. K. Jones R. E. Joyner Q. J. Machac L. L. McDowell C. F. Phillips J. D, Ransdell J. E. Sisye A. F. Schmit J. C. Schratwieser i: k teon HUT - 082589 ABS-046232 -7- c. Provisions for contractor personnel as appropriate. d. Provisions for casual visitors, allowing for immediate exit from the affected area as an alternative (i.e., casual visitors are defined as not subject to the use of respirators). Alternatively, locations that use respirators may develop the following approach into a procedure. a. Instruct employees regarding the effect of facial hair in defeating the protection provided by respirators. b. Encourage employees to alter established facial hair such that there is no Interference with the respirator seal. c. Require all employees who do not alter facial hair to wear only air-supplied breathing apparatus with positive pressure (i.e., pressure demand mode). For some locations, alternative 2 may be a satisfactory long-term approach. For others, alternative 2 may be an effective interim approach (i.e., for several years), particularly if coupled with quantitative fit testing which effectively demonstrates the defeat of respiratory protection by facial hair. 4. Corrective eye^alws Eyeglasses also cause leakage where the respirator seal passes over the temple bar. For this reason, piano safety glasses should always be removed when using a full-face piece respirator. Persons requiring corrective eye wear to safely perform work must, of course, wear such eye wear when using a respirator. For tasks where the respiratory hazard does not affect the eyes, a half-face piece respirator (which does not interfere with standard corrective eyewear) may be used. Alternatively, or where the respiratory hazards does affect the eyes, a supplied air respirator should be used in pressure demand mode. Locations are encouraged to provide specially framed corrective lenses, which fit inside the respirator, for those employees who prefer them. Wearing of contact lenses under respirators is not permitted. The references below provide further information for identifying health and physical conditions which can affect an individual's ability to wear respirators. HUT - 082590 ABS-046233 , \>f'- ' HUT - 082591 ABS-056561 RESPIRATOR SELECTION V-l (5/81) To assist in respirator selection, this section includes: 1. Chapter 6 of NIOSH's "A Guide To Industrial Respiratory Protection". This chapter introduces basic considerations for establishing respirator use. In addition, several examples of respirator selec tion using the OSHA/NIOSH Respirator Decision Logic are explained. *> 2. Joint OSHA/NIOSH Respirator Decision Logic, Appendix F of NIOSH's "A Guide to Industrial Respiratory Protection". The OSHA/NIOSH Respirator Decision Logic is a step-by-step process of selecting respirators. It was developed as a mechanism for establishing respirator requirements for individual OSHA health standards. It sets a number of conventions including conservative protection factors. Compliance is not required by law. 3. Several tables from ANSI Z88.2 (1980). The Table of Respirator Protection Factors, in combination with the OSHA/NIOSH Respirator Decision Logic, can guide respirator selection. (See Appendix C of this manual.) 4. Several references related to respirator cartridge efficiency. The following references are not Included in this guide, but can also provide additional information. Each guide user may want to have the following routinely-used references. 1. NIOSH Certified Equipment List This manual lists those respirators tested and certified by NIOSH. The latest issue is dated June 1, 1980. The manual is updated approximately annually. The next issue is due in the last quarter of 1981. Contact the Testing and Certifica tion Branch (304/599-7331) for information on certified,, products that are not listed in this publication. (The1 publication does not list any devices formerly approved by the Bureau of Mines.), 2. OSHA Standards 1910 (Asbestos, 1910; Vinyl Chloride, 1910; Lead 1910) These specific health standards define respirator selection requirements. 3. The AIHA, "Respiratory Protection, A Manual and Guideline" 4. OSHA/NIOSH "Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards", NIOSH Pub. No. 78-210 This reference recommends respirator types for substances found in 29 CFR 1910.1000 Tables Z-l, Z-2, and Z-3 as of 1977. In addition, it quotes IDLH levels for these same substances. HUT - 082638 ANA-06018 Va-1 (5/81) RESPIRATOR SELECTION OSHA STANDARDS OSH A 1010.13-4 states that respirators shall he selected on the basis of the hazards to which workers are exposed and that ANSI ZK8.2-1969 shall be used for guidance in their selection. OSHA also requires that approved or accepted respirators be used when available. For certain respiratory hazards, specific instructions about respirator use are given in other OSHA regulations. The trend seems to be toward regulations that specify the conditions of respirator use for each task. OSHA 1910.134 is then consulted for general instructions. Regardless of the regulations, respirators must be selected with the en vironment in which they will be used in mind. To do so requires certain basic information, so one should always ask the following questions before selecting a respirator. 1. What is the estimated contaminant concentra tion where the respirator will be used? 2. What is the permissible exposure limit to the contaminant? 3. Is the contaminant a gas. vapor, mist, dust, or fume? 4. Could the contaminant concentration be term ed immediately hazardous to life or health? o. If the contaminant is flammable, does the es timated concentration approach the lower explosive limit? 6. Does the contaminant have adequate warning properties? 7. Will the contaminant irritate the eyes ar the es timated concentration? 8. If the contaminant is a gas or vapor, is there an available sorbent that traps it efficiently? 9. Can the contaminant be absorbed through the skin as a vapor or liquid? If so, will it cause serious injury? The answers to these questions can provide enough information for choosing a respirator for routine use. There is nothing strange or unique about these questions. They represent the factors that a good industrial hygiene program would incor porate for respirator selection or any other type of control and form the basis for the Respirator Deci-; sion Litgic (incorporated verbatim as Appendix F) used in ihp -Joint NIOSH and OSHA Standards Completion Program. ' You should review the Decision Digit- when mi! sidering respirator selection Itccause it incurpornii-v the above questions in an orderly sequence Hv following this logic, you will be able to choose a respirator (hat is satisfactory fur the situaiion ol hand and be assured that you have not mcrlunkcii any important factor. The Decision Ligic is being used (in I!I7M in development of detailed work practices for the material listed in 29CFR Part 1910.1000. Tables Z-1. 2. and 3. It will be useful to you in developing your own respirator program until standards are listed for the particular materials in which you are interested. Before procerling to examples o| how to use the I Irci sion Digie. we would like to |Htinl out lour criteria ol particular interest. When respirators are used for protection against gases and vapor, it is commonly recoin mended that cartridges be changed when the wearer smells the vapor. This indicates that there must be some smell or irritation tonlert the wearer. Section IV H of the Decision Logic 9tates that a sulistBncc should be considered to have warning pru|ierties if the odor or irritation threshold is not more than three times the exposure limit, and there is no ceil ing limit. Consideration is given to whether un detected exposure in this concentration range could cause serious or irreversible health effecis. 11 not. the substance is considered to have adequate warning properties.' Section IV C states that where there is supixirting evidence of vapor breakthrough in less than three minutes at concentrations immediately dnngerou> to life or health or below, a cartridge or canister sorbent air purifying device should not be allowed for any use. The principal sources of information on sorbent efficiencies are Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and 30 CFR-11 on certain specilic materials on which cartridge tests are run. Users should be alert to any future information on sor bent efficiency, as it will definitely affect choice ol air purifying respirators. {"A Guide to Respiratory Protection", NIOSH, June 1976) HUT - 082639 ANA-06019 In thr NIOSH Derision Logic, emergency use is mentioned under respirator protection factors. RESPIRATOR PROTECTION FACTORS Va-2 (5/81) so ihe respirator mu*i be pmperlv mainimncd Other limitations nf various'types of respirators dis cussed in Chapter Eight must also be considered in applying protection factors. Definition EXAMPLES OF RF.SPIRAfOR SELECTION The respirator protection factor indicates how much protection a respirator provides. It is the ratio of the contaminant concentrations outside and in side the respirator. Determination of the protection factor requires quantitalive.performance tests of the respirator worn in a test atmosphere during exercise simulating motions made by workers, or worn by workers carrying out tasks in contaminated work areas (see Chapter fit. Assignment Much research has been done recently on assign ing protection factors to various types of respirators. Table 6-1, reproduced verbatim from the LASL protection factor document, lists assigned respirator protection factors resulting from this research. When using Table 6-1. pay strict attention to its footnotes as they are essential in interpreting the table and assist in application of protection factors. The protection factors listed in the Decision Logic are taken from Table 6-1. Application To apply an assigned protection factor for a par ticular type of respirator, one must know both the actual contaminant concentration in the work area and the established time-weighted average concen tration. Multiplying the time-weighted average con centration by the respirator protection factor gives the maximum concentration of the contaminant against which the particular type of respirator may he used. If the actual concentration is less than the calculated maximum use concentration, the respirator may be used. In describing use of protection factors in respirator selection, it is assumed that a complete respirator program is in force. A protection factor is not applicable if the wearer cannot satisfactorily seal the respirator to his face or head. Anything such as facial hair or spectacles that prevents satisfactory sealing of a respirator nullifies application of a respirator protection factor. A protection factor can be used only ,f the respirator is in good operating condition. The following are hypothetical hut typical ex amples of the respirator selection process. They should not be used as cookbook models, hut as guides to the rationale for selecting particular respirators, and. equally important. to the industrinl hygiene aspects of the hazards. In these examples, we assume that regular use nf respirators is permissi ble. 1. A muller operator in a foundry rnmplnins of dust in the air. and the superintendent supplies him a single-use. disposable respirator. The steward tells the superintendent that this is a violation of the OSHA Regulations as the particular respirator does not have NlOSH and MESA approval. Who is right, and what should he done? Answer: Nothing bans the sale or use of unapproved devices in areas where respirators are not required. Before deciding about use of this respirator, we need information about the dust concentration in the air. Samples were taken in the muller's breathing zone, and the dust concentration was found to lie 5 mg/m'*. The amount or crystalline silica ((piiirt/t in the dust was The permissible quart/ dust ex posure limit in such conditions is 1.6 mg/ni"1 . Now refer to Section II of the Respirator Decision l>ogic. Appendix F. Because the material is a par ticulate. statements 2. 4. and 6 are not pertinent. As to the other statements: 3) Silica is not known to be an eye irritant, 51 the 1DLH concentration is far above the 5-mg/mn dust level found in this ruse, and 7) to date, there is no evidence of injury from silica through skin absorption. As the material is a par ticulate, we can proceed to Section III B. the specific decision logic chart for respiratory protection against particulates. The restrictions under Routine Use do not apply, so we can proceed to Appendix 1. Section A. "Protection Factors for Particulate Filter Respirators." As the dust concentration is less than five limes the permissible limit, we can choose any respirator from this list. A single-use respirator with a protection factor of 5 or a half-mask respirator with a protection factor of 10 probably would he chosen. 2. A woman doing silk screening without any local exhaust ventilation complained of headaches and nausea from the vapors and fumes. She was given a dust respirator customarily used by a sandblaster's helper. (Obviously a dust respirator for use against HUT - 082640 ANA-06020 Va-3 (5/81) 1 The overall protection afforded by a given respirator design (and mode of operation) may be defined in terms of its protection factor <PF). The PF is a measure of the degree of protection afforded by a respirator, defined as the ratio of the concentration of contaminant in the ambient atmosphere to that inside the enclosure (usually inside the facepiece) under condi tions of use. Respirators should be selected so that the concentration inhaled by the wearer will not exceed the appropriate limit. The recommended respirator PF's are selection and use guides, and should only be used when the employer has established a minimal acceptable respirator program as defined in Section 3 of the ANSI Z88.2-I969 Standard. ,ln addition to facepieces, this includes any type of enclosure or covering of the wearer's breathing zone, such as supptied-air hoods helmets, or suits. 1 Includes dusts, mists, and fumes only. Does not apply when gases or vapors are absorbed on particulates and may be volatilized or for particulates volatile at room temperature. Example: Coke oven emissions. 4Any single-use dust respirator (with or without valve) not specifically tested against a specified contaminant. * Single-use dust respirators have been tested against asbestos and cotton dust and could be assigned a PF of 10 for these particulates. *Dust filter refers to a dust respirator approved by the silica dust test, and includes all types of media, that is. both nondegradablc mechanical type media and degradable resin-impreg nated wool felt or combination wool-synthetic felt media. 1 Fume filter refers to a fume respirator approved by the lead fume test. All types of media ate included. T * High-efficiency filter refers to a high-efficiency particulate respirator. The filter must be at least 99.97% efficient against 0.3 pm OOP to be approved. 1` *To be assigned, based on dust or fume filter efficiency for specific contaminant. ,#For gases and vapors, a PF should only be assigned when published test data indicate the cartridge or canister has adequate sorbent efficiency and service life for a specific gas or vapor. In addition, the PF should not be applied in gas or vapor concentrations that arc: 1) immediately dangerous to life. 2) above the lower explosive limit, and 3) cause eye irritation when using a half-mask. (IA positive pressure supplied-air respirator equipped with a half-mask facepiece may not be as stable on the face as a full facepiece. Therefore, the PF recommended is half that for a similar device equipped with a full facepiece. i 11A positive pressure tupplied-air respirator equipped with a full facepiece' provides eye protection but is not approved for use . in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life. It is recognized that the facepiece leakage, when a positive pressure is maintained, should be (he same as an SCBA operated in the positive pressure mode. However, to emphasize that it basically is not for emergency use. the P F is limited to 2,000. j HUT-082641 ANA-06021 I can be used. If Ibis is impossible, the only recourse is to provide the helper the same protection as the sandbla-tcr. Remember, the air supply system must meet the requirements for Grade D or better compressed air. The point illustrated in this example is that it is not enough to abide only by the requirements of 29 CFR Part 1910.134 which is concerned with general use of respirators. There are other requirements within the OSHA regulations which may also affect respirator selection and use. I sc of the Decision Logic was not mentioned in this example. The regulations requiring use of a supplied air hood were made before assembly of the Decision I>ogic. You will note that the Decision lairic Protection Factor Table lists a PF or 2tH(0 for the supplied air hood. Considering the unknown coneent rat ion of silica dust to which t he sandblaster can lie oxposrd. the protection required is consistent with the Decision l/>gic. 4. A man assigned to clean a large degreaser must occasionally go into the degreaser pit. He complains that the odor of trichloroethylene (trichlorl is so strong that it comes through his respirator cartridges after only a short time. Should he be assigned another type of respirator? Answer: The fact that the worker complains about the short lifetime of the sorbent cartridges warns that the trichlor concentrations may be high. This brings up the dual hazards of toxicity and ox ygen deficiency. Degreaser pits are places where vapors may collect and, unless ventilated, actually reduce the oxygen below safe levels. Unless the pit is ventilated to prevent oxygen depletion, a positive pressure SCBA must be used. If the pit is ventilated, it will not be necessary to wear a respirator if tests show that the trichlor concentration is below the ex posure limit and that the oxygen has nnt been depleted. Again, the Decision Logic Section til A shows that for entry and escape from unknown concentrations the only type of device that can be used is positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. 5. A flagman for an aerial crop duster using Phosdrin dust is supplied a single-use disposable dust respirator. Is this adequate? Answer: Several points listed in the Decision Logic flow chart are pertinent here. Pesticides such as Phosdrin are noted for their ability to kill by absorbtion through the skin. The single-use respirator certainly does not provide complete skin protection. In such cases, protective clothing is as important ns a proper respirator. The pesticide is mixed with the dust: however, some of it may vaporize from dust. This is one reason Va-4 (5/81 ) why the only respirators approved for pesticide W'-c have organic charcoal in back of the dust filter. The Phosdrin concentration to which thp flagman is exposed is not stated. Before! a respirator can he assigned, we must know the approximate concent ra tion expected. If the concentration cannot ! es timated. the flagman will have to be provided with a self-contained breathing apparatus. 6. Hydrocyanic acid is used in a fumigation chamber. By state regulation, a full-face respirator or gas mask with a hydrocyanic acid canister is re quired. Is such protection satisfactory? Answer: To decide whether the respirator is ade quate. one must have some knowledge of the toxicity and potential concentration of the hydrocyanic acid. The TI.V for hydrocyanic acid is listed as 10 ppm. with a warning that skin absorption is a problem. Regardless of the respiratory protection provider!, there must be some protection for the skin in such an atmosphere. A review of the toxicity of hydrocyanic acid will showth8t a concentration of 270 ppm is immediately fatal and concentrations of 110 ppm ere fata! within half an hour. Concentrations of hydrocyanic acid in fumigation chambers usually exceed <10.000 ppml. The full-face gas mask is accorded a protec tion factor of only 50 in Table 6-1, Therefore, it would not he useful in concentrations above 500 ppm. Such a mask would not be satisfactory in this case. The Decision Logic offers a quicker solution. Section HI A notes that when the contaminant con centration exceeds that immediately dangerous to life or health, only positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus is acceptable respiratory protection. 7. A salvage company is to demolish a large open- framework steel structure built in 1910 in a southern eitv. The job will require extensive use of cutting torches. Will respirators be required, and if so. of what type? Answer: Respirators definitely must be used. As the structure was built in 1910. it undoubtedly has many coats of lead-base paint, which when heated by the cutting torches will create a severe airborne lead problem. Therefore a respirator approved for protection against metal fumes can he used. Whether this will be a quarter- or half-mask or full- facepiece respirator can be determined only after air samples are taken in the wearers' breathing zones. Because this is an outdoor operation, the concen trations will vary widely. However, similar operations have shown that concentrations of 2 mg/m1 are not unusual. Considering the low protec tion factors for air-purifying respirators, the high temperatures in this climate, and the added heal HUT - 082642 ANA-06022 Vb-1 (5/81 JOINl NIOSH/OSHA STANDARDS COMPLETION PROGRAM RESPIRATOR DECISION LOGIC 18 AUGUST 1975 1. INTRODUCTION THE PURPOSE OF THE RESPIRATOR DECISION LOGIC IS TO AS5URE TECHNICAL ACCURACY AND UN1FOW1TY BETWEEN SUBSTANCES IN THE SaECTlOH OF RESPIRATORS AND TO PROVIDE NECESSARY CRITERIA TO SUPPORT THIS SELECTION, THE DECISION LOGIC IS A STEP-BY-STEP ELIMINATION Of INAPPROPRIATE RESPIRATORS UNTIL ONLY THOSE WHICH ARE ACCEPTABLE REMAIN, JUDGEMENT BY PERSONS KNOWLEDGEABLE Of INHALATION HAZARDS ANO RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT IS ESSENTIAL TO ENSURE APPROPRIATE SELECTION Of RESPIRATORS. THE PRIMARY TECHNICAL CRITERIA FOR WHAT CONSTITUTES A PEWISSIBLeI ' RESPIRATOR IS BASED ON THE TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS OF 30 CFR PART lli , (DEPARTMENT Of THE INTERIOR, BUREAU OF MINES, RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICES AND TESTS FOR PEWISSIBJLITY). THE PROPOSED SUBSTANCE HEALTH STANDARDS WILL ALLOW ONLY RESPIRATORS APPROVED BY THE BUREAU Of MINES (OR MINING ENFORCEMENT AND SAFETY ADMINISTRATION (MESA)) AND NIOSH UNDER 30 CFR 11. PROTECTION FACTORS ARE CRITERIA USED IN DETERMINING WHAT LIMITING CONCENTRATIONS ARE TO BE REBUTTED FOR EACH RESPIRATOR TYPE THAT WILL AFFORD ADEQUATE PROTECTION TO THE WEARER, THE REFERENCED SUBPARTS OF 30 CFR 11 GIVE TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONS CONCERNING EACH TYPE OR CUSS Of RESPIRATORS REFERENCED IN THE DECISION LOGIC. 30 CFR 11 SHOULD BE USED WITH THE DECISION LOGIC IN ORDER TO PROPERLY UNDERSTAND THE CRITERIA FOR THE SPECIFICATION OF ALLOWABLE RESPIRATORS. I 11. GENERAL DECISION LOGIC FLOWCHART ' STEP 1 - ASSEMBLE INFORMATION OH SUBSTANCE ASSEMBLE NECESSARY TOXICOLOGICAL SAFETY. AND RESEARCH INFORMATION FOR THE PARTICUUR CONTAMINANT, TYPICALLY THE FOLLOWING ARE REQUIRED: 1) PEW1SSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS SPECIFIED IN 29 CFR 1910.1000 (TABLES Z-l, Z-2. AND Z-3). THESE ARE THE FORMER 29 CFR 1910.93 TABLES. 2) WARNING PROPERTIES IF THE SUBSTANCE IS A GAS OR A VAPOR, REFER TO PART IY(B) OF THIS L06IC. I. 3) EYE IRRITATION POTENTIAL OF THE SUBSTANCE. REFER TO PART 1Y(D) OF THIS LOGIC. A)LFL (LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT) FOR THE SUBSTANCE. REFER TO PART IV(F) OF THIS LOGIC. 5) IDLK CONCENTRATION FOR THE SUBSTANCE. REFER TO PART IV(E) OF THIS LOGIC. 6) POSSIBILITY OF POOR SORBENT EFFICIENCY AT IDLH CONCENTRATION ANO BELOW. REFER TO PART IV(C) Of THIS LOGIC. HUT - 082643 f ANA-06023 Vb-2 (5/81) 7) ANT EVIDENCE OF POSSIBLE SYSTEMIC INJURY OR DEATH RESULTING FROM ABSORBANCE OF THE SUBSTANCE (AS A GAS OR VAPOR) THROUGH THE SAIN. REFER TO PART IV(A) OF THIS LOGIC. 8) THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF THE SUBSTANCE (AND EQUIVALENT PPM). STEP 2 - DETERMINE PHYSICAL STATE OF SUBSTANCE OETEWINE THE PHYSICAL STATE(S) OF THE SUBSTANCE AS IT IS LIKELY TO BE ENCOUNTERED IN THE OCCUPATIONAL ENVIROIHENT. IT WILL BE EITHER: A) GAS OR VAPOR. B) PARTICULATE (OUST, FUME OR HIST), OR , C) COMBINATION OF (A) AHD (B). STEP 3 - ASSEMBLE A TABLE OF PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION TOR SUSSTANCE \ THIS IS OONE USING THE MATERIAL FROM STEP 1 AND THE APPROPRIATE SPECIFIC DECISION LOGIC CHART FROM PART III OF THE LOGIC AND THE RESPIRATOR: PROTECTION FACTORS IN APPENDIX I. ; III.A. SPECIFIC DECISION LOGIC CHART FOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION A6AINST CASES WWMR5--------------- CONDITION SELECTION SEQUENCE ' I ' ROUTINE USE A) CONSIDER SKIN SORPTION - (SEE IV A). B) POOR WARNING PROPERTIES ELIMINATE ALL AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS (SEE IV B). C) EYE IRRITATION - ELIMINATE OR RESTRICT USE OF HALF MASK RESPIRATOR (SEE IV D). , D) 1DLH OR LFL ABOVE THIS CONCENTRATION ELIMINATE ALL Bin POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS AND COMBINATION POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV E AND F). F) LIST ALL ALLOWED RESPIRATORS BY CONDITION OF USE AND TYPE. ENTRY AND ESCAPE FROM UNKNOWN CONCENTRATIONS USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS OR COMBINATION POSITIVE PRESSURE SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATOR WITH POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINEO BREATHING APPARATUS. FIREFIGHTING USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-COHTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS. ESCAPE GAS MASK OR ESCAPE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV C). III.B. SPECIFIC DECISION LOGIC CHART FOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION AWIHST PART'IMATK------------------ CONDITION ROUTINE USE SELECTION SEQUENCE A) CONSIDER SUN SORPTION - (SEE IV A). 8) EYE IRRITATION - ELIMINATE OR RESTRICT USE OF HALF MASK RESPIRATOR (SEE IV D). i HUT - 082644 ANA-06024 Vb-3 (5/81) C) SYSTEMIC FOISON - ELIM1 HATE SINGLE-USE , RESPIRATOR. D) FOR PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LESS THAN 0.OS KG/CU.M. ELIMINATE OFM RESPIRATORS EXCEPT WITH ' HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER. E) IDLH OR LFl - ABOYE THIS CONCENTRATION ELIMINATE ALL BUT POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS AND COMBINATION POSITIVE PRESSURE SEIFCOHTA1NEO BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV E). F) LIST ALL ALLOWED RESPIRATORS BY COKDITON OF USE AND TYPE. ENTRY AND ESCAPE FROM UNKNOWN CONCENTRATION USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED 8REATHING APPARATUS OR CCHB1NTA10K POSITIVE PRESSURE SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATOR WITH POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS. FIREFltHTING USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV F). II1.C. SPECIFIC DECISIONS LOGIC CHART FOR RESPIRATOR PROTECTION K5TOT tflH8MT!6N"5r GAS Oft WORTInD PARKIciiOTfCs ` CONDITION SELECTION SEQUENCE ROUTINE USE A) CONSIDER SKIN SORPTION - (SEE IV A). B) POOR WARNING PROPERTIES OR INADEQUATE l 1 SORBENT EFFICIENCY - ELIMINATE ALL AIR I PURIFYING RESPIRATORS (SEE IV B A CJ. ' C) ELIMINATE ALL RESPIRATORS EXCEPT WITH COMBINATION SORBENT/PARTICULATE FILTER. ' 0) EYE IRRITATION - ELIMINATE OR RESTRICT 1 USE OF HALF MARK RESPIRATOR (SEE IV 0). E) FOR PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURES LESS THAN O.OS MG/CU.H. - ELIMINATE ALL RESPIRATORS EXCEPT WITH SORBENT/HIGM EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER. F) IDLH OR LFL - ABOVE THIS CONCENTRATION aiMINATE ALL BUT POSITIVE PRESSURE SaF-CONTAINEO BREATHING APPARATUS AND COMBINATION POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV ). 6) LIST ALL ALLOWED RESPIRATORS BY CONDITION OF USE AND TYPE. ENTRY AND ESCAPE FRW UNKNOWN CONCENTRATION USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS OR COMBINATION POSITIVE PRESSURE SUPPLIED AIR RESPIRATOR WITH POSITIVE PRESSURE SaF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS. FIREFIGHTING ESCAPE USE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SEE IV F). GAS MASK OR ESCAPE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING I APPARATUS (SEE IV C). ! I HUT - 082645 ANA-06025 I Vb-4 (5/m) IV. ft. SKIN ABSORPTION PERSONAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS TOR PROTECTION AGAINST EXPOSURE TO SUBSTANCES WHICH RAT CAUSE INJURT OR ABSORPTION THROUGH THE SKIN FROM MATERIALS SPLASHED OR SPILLED ON THE SKIN ARE COVERED IN SECTION (F) OT EACH SU8STANCE STANDARD. RESPIRATOR SELECTION CRITERIA ARE BASED PR1MARILT ON THE INHALATION HAZARD OF THE SUBSTANCE. A SUPPUED-AIR SUIT MAT PROVIDE BOTH SKIN AND RESPIRATORY PROTECTION FOR EXTREMELY TOXIC SUBSTANCES WHICH HAY BE ABSORBED THROUGH THE SKIN. SUPPL1EO-AIR SUITS ARE NOT COVERED IN 30 CFR 11, DATA ARE NOT AVAILABLE UPON WHICH TO MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SUPPUED-AIR-5UITS FOR ALL TYPES OF EXPOSURES. WHERE INFORMATION IS AVAILABLE INDICATING SYSTEMIC INJURY OR DEATH RESULTING FROM ABSORBANCE OF A GAS OR VAPOR THROUGH THE SKIN, THE ' FOLLOWING STATEMENT IS INCLUDED IN APPENDIX B. SECTION (V) Of THE SUBSTANCE STANDARD: "USE OF SUPPLIED-AIR SUITS OR OTHER IMPERVIOUS COVERINGS MAY BE NECESSARY TO PREVENT SKIN CONTACT WITH WHEN THE CONCENTRATION OF IS UNKNOWN OR GREATER THAN M (1DLH). SUPPLIED-AIR SUITS SHOULD BE SELECTED, USED, AND MAINTAINED UNDER THE IMMEDIATE SUPERVISION OF PERSONS KNOWLEDGEABLE IN THE LIMITATIONS AND POTENTIAL LIFE ENDANGERING CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPPLIED-AIR SUITS.* j A SENTENCE IS ADDED TO THE RESPIRATOR TABLE IN THE ENTRY AND ESCAPE FRQL UNKNOW CONCENTRATIONS SECTION AS SHOWN BELOW: SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS WITH A FULL FACEPIECE OPERATED IN PRESSURE-DEMAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE. A CWBIKAT10N RESPIRATOR WHICH INCLUDES A TYPE C SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL FACEPIECE OPERATED IK PRESSURE-DEMAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE OR aowCONTINUOUS MODE AND AN AUXILIARY SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS OPERATED IN PRESSURE-DEMAND MODE OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE. (SUPPLIED-AIR SUITS MAY BE NECESSARY.) i IV. B. POOR WARNING PROPERTIES IT IS IMPORTANT TO REALIZE THAT 30 CFR 11 N10SH/KESA APPROVALS FOR A1R-PURIFTING (ORGANIC VAPOR) DEVICES PROHIBIT USE AGAINST ORGANIC VAPORS WITH POOR WARNING PROPERTIES, SEPCIFICALLY, 30 CFR 11.90(B) NOTE 4) COVERS GAS MASKS (CANISTER RESPIRATORS) AND 30 CFR 11,150 (NOTE 7) COVERS CHQLICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATORS. THUS THESE APPROVALS ARE ONLY FOR THOSE ORGANIC VAPORS WITH ADEQUATE WARNING PROPERTIES AND NOT.ALL ORGANIC VAPORS. j WARNING PROPERTIES RELYING UPON HUMAN SENSES ARE NOT FOOLPROOF,' HOWEVER, THEY PR0V1QE SOKE INDICATION TO THE EMPLOYEE OF P0S51BLE SORBENT EXHAUSTION OR OF POOR FACEPIECE FIT OR OTHER RESPIRATOR MALFUNCTION, WARNING PROPERTIES INCLUDE ODOR, EYE IRRITATION, AND RESPIRATORY IRRITATION. ADEQUATE WARNING PROPERTIES CAN BE ASSUMED WHEN THE SUBSTANCE ODOR, TASTE, OR IRRITATION EFFECTS ARE DETECTABLE AND PERSISTENT AT CONCENTRATIONS *AT* OR -BELOW* THE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT. , IF THE ODOR OR IRRITATION THRESHOLD OF A SUBSTANCE IS MANY TIMES GREATER THAN THE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT, THIS SUBSTANCE SHOULD BE CONSIDERED TO HAVE POOR WARNING PROPERTIES. IF THE SUBSTANCE ODOR OR IRRITATION THRESHOLD IS SOMEWHAT ABOVE THE PEW1SSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (NOT IN EXCESS OF THREE TIKES THE LIMIT) AND THERE IS NO CEILING LIMIT, CONSIDERATION IS G!YEN AS TO WHETHER OR NOT UNDETECTED EXPOSURE IN TN1S CONCENTRATION RANGE COULD CAUSE SERIOUS OR IRREVERSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS. IF NOT, THE SUBSTANCE IS CONSIDERED TO HAVE ADEQUATE WARNING PROPERTIES. HUT - 082646 ANA-06026 I Vb-5 {5/81) i IT IS EXPECTED THAT EKVIR01HENTAL CONCENTRATIONS WILL VARY CONSIDERABLY AND. THEREFORE, WARNING OF A RESPIRATOR FAILURE WOULD SOON BE PERCEIVED AT CONTAIHINAKT CONCENTRATIONS SCHEWHAT ABOVE THE PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE UNIT. IV. C. SORBENT EFFICIENCIES WHERE SUPPORTING EVIOENCE EXISTS ON IMMEDIATE (LESS THAN THREE MINUTES) BREAKTHROUGH TINE AT THE IOLH CONCENTRATION AND BELOW FOR A CARTRIDGE OR CANISTER SORBENT, AIR-PURIFYING OEVICES SHALL NOT BE ALLOWED FOR ANY USE, ESCAPE OR OTHEW1SE. IV. D. EYE IRRITATION FOR ROUTINE WORK OPERATIONS, ANY PERCEPTIBLE EYE IRRITATION IS CONSIDERED UNACCEPTABLE, THEREFORE. ONLY FULL FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS ARE PERMISSIBLE IN CONTAMINATION CONCENTRATIONS WHICH PRODUCE EYE IRRITATION NOTE THAT 30 CFR 11.90(B) (NOTE 6) SPECIFIES THAT EYE PROTECTION MAY BE REQUIRED IN CERTAIN CONCENTRATIONS OF ACID GASES AND ORGANIC VAPORS. FOR ESCAPE. SWE EVE IRRITATION IS PEWISSIBLE IF IT IS DETERMINED THAT SUCH IRRITATION WOULD NOT INHIBIT ESCAPE AND SUCH IRRITATION IS REVERSIBLE. WHERE QUANTITATIVE EYE IRRITATION DATA CANNOT BE FOUND IN LITERATURE REFERENCES. AND THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS INDICATE THE SUBSTANCE SKOULO NOT BE AN EYE IRRIYANT, HALF FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS ARE ALLOWEO. IY. IOLH THE DEFINITION OF IOLH PROVIDED IN 30 CFR 11.3(T) IS AS FOLLOWS: "IMMEDIATIEY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH* MEANS CONDITIONS THAT POSE AN IMMEDIATE THREAT TO LIFE OR HEALTH OR CONDITIONS THAT POSE AN IMMEDIATE THREAT OF SEVERE EXPOSURE TO CONTAMINANTS. SUCH AS RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, WHICH ARE LIKELY TO HAVE ADVERSE CUMULATIVE OR DELAYED EFFECTS ON HEALTH. THE PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHING AH IOLH EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION IS TO INSURE THAT THE WORKER CAN ESCAPE WITHOUT INJURY OR IRREVERSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS FROM AN IDLH CONCENTRATION IN THE EVENT OF FAILURE OF THE RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. THE IDLH IS CONSIDERED A MAXIMUM CONCENTRATION ABOVE WHICH ONLY HIGHLY RELIABLE BREATHING APPARATUS PROVIDING MAXIMUM WORKER PROTECTION IS PEWITTED. SINCE IOLH VALUES ARE CONSERVATIVELY SET, ANY APPROVED RESPIRATOR MAY BE USED UP TO ITS MAXIMUM USE CONCENTRATION BELOW THE IOLH. IN ESTABLISHING AN IDLH EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION THE FOLLOWING FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED: 1. ESCAPE WITHOUT LOSS OF LIFE OR IRREVERSIBLE HEALTH . EFFECTS. THIRTY MINUTES IS CONSIDERED THE MAX [MW REMISSIBLE EXPOSURE TIME FOR ESCAPE. 2. SEVERE EYE OR RESPIRATORY IRRITATION OR OTHER REACTIONS WHICH WOULD INHIBIT ESCAPE WITHOUT INJURY. IOLH SHOULO BE DETERMINED FRCK THE FOLLOWING SOURCES: 1. SPECIFIC IDLH PROVIDED IN THE LITERATURE SUCH AS THE AIHA HYGIENIC GUIDES. 2. HJHAH EXPOSURE DATA. I j HUT 082647 ANA-06027 3. ACUTE ANIMAL EXPOSURE DATA. i >. 4. WHIRL SUCH DATA ARE LACKING TOXICOLOGICAL DATA FROM ' ANALOGOUS SUBSTANCES. AND CHRONIC ANIMAL EXPOSURE DATA MAX BE CONSIDERED. THE FOLLOWING GUIDELINES SHOULD BE USED TO INTERPRET TOXICOLOGICAL DATA REPORTED IN THE LITERATURE FOR ANIMAL SPECIES: 1. WHERE ACUTE EXPOSURE ANIMAL DATA ARE AVAILABLE (30 MINUTES TO 4-HOUR EXPOSURES). THE LOWEST EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION CAUSING DEATH OR IRREVERSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS IN ANT SPECIES IS DETEWINED TO BE THE IDLH CONCENTRATION. 2. WHERE ONLY CHRONIC EXPOSURE DATA ARE AVAILABLE AND THESE DATA DO NOT REVEAL ANY EXPOSURE CONCENTRATION WHICH WOULD RESULT IN IRREVERSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS. THEN THESE DATA HAVE NO RaEVANCE AND SHOULD NOT BE USED IN DETERMINING THE IDLH CONCENTRATION. ^ WHERE THERE IS EVIDENCE OF AN IOLH CONCENTRATION ABOVE THAT ALLOWED ON THE BASIS OF A PROTECTION FACTOR. RESPIRATORS SHOULO BE SELECTED ON THE BASIS OF THE PROTECTION FACTOR AFFORDED BY EACH DEVICE WITHIN THE LIMITATIONS OF THE DEVICE. IV, E. LOWER FLAMMABLE L1HIT AHD FIREFI6HTINC CONTAINJKANT CONCENTRATIONS IN EXCESS OF THE LFL ARE CONSIDERED TO BE IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH. AT OR ABOVE THE LFL. THE USE OF RESPIRATORS IS LIMITED TO THOSE DEVICES WHICH PROVIDE THE KAXIKltM PROTECTION, I.E.. POSITIVE-PRESSURE SCBA. AND COMBINATION POSITIVEPRESSURE SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR WITH POSITIVE PRESSURE SCBA. FIREFIGHTING IS DEFINED BY ANSI Z88.S-1971 AS BEING IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE. FOR FIREFIGHTING, THE ONLY DEVICE PROVIDING ADEQUATE PROTECTION IS THE POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS. IV. 6 PROTECTION FACTORS PROTECTION FACTORS ARE A MEASURE OF THE OVERALL EFFECTIVENESS OF, A RESPIRATOR. FILTERING EFFICIENCY IS A PART OF THE PROTECTION FACTOR AND BECOMES A SIGNIFICANT CONSIDERATION FOR LESS EFFICIENT AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS. THE PROTECTION FACTORS USED IK THE PREPARATION OF THE STANDARDS ARE BASED ON QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTS PERFORMED AT LOS ALAMOS AND RSEWHERE, AND IN SOME INSTANCES OK PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT. IN APPENDIX I. THE PROTECTION FACTORS FOR EACH CLASS OF RESPIRATORS LISTED IN THE CHECKLISTS ARE SHOWN. THE ENTRIES IK EACH LIST ARE FOR AN ENTIRE CUSS OF RESPIRATORS, AND ARE ASSIGNED THE PROTECTION FACTOR OF THE LOWEST PERFORMING 0EV1CE WITHIN EACH CUSS. IV. H. VARIATIONS WITH 30 CFR U 1. THE TYPE A SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR IS ALLOWED IN 30 CFR11 FOR USE IN IMKEOIATar DANGEROUS TO LIFE AND HEALTH ATMOSPHERES. HOWEVER. AIR SUPPLY REQUIRBMEKTS OF 50 L/MIN. IS INSUFFICIENT TO MAINTAIN A POSITIVE PRESSURE IN THE FACEPIECE UHOER ALL WORKING CONDITIONS. THEREFORE, THIS DEVICE SHOULD HAVE THE SAME PROTECTION FACTOR AS APPLIED TO OTHER AIR-PURIFYING AHD ATMOSPHERE SUPPLYING RESPIRATORS HAVING A NEGATIVE PRESSURE IN THE FACEPIECE (SEE APPENDIX I), 30 CFR Vb-6 (5/81) HUT - 082648 ANA-06028 Vb-7 {5/81) 11 HILL REQUIRE A REVISION TO ELIMINATE APPROVAL OF TYPE A FOR IOLH ATMOSPHERES. 2. AN AMENDMENT TO 30 CFR 11 IS BEING PROCESSED WHICH WILL DELETE USE OF GAS MASKS FOR ENTRY AND USE IN ISLH ATMOSPHERES. THEREFORE* IN THIS DECISION LOGIC GAS MASK ARE NOT ALLOWED IN CONCENTRATIONS GREATER THAN THE ISLH OR ENTRY AND ESCAPE FRW UNKNOWN CONCENTRATIONS. 3. IN THE SAME AHENCHENT DESCRIBED ABOVE. MAXIMUM USE CONCENTRATIONS (MUC) FOR GAS MASKS ARE BEINGING DELETED. THIS DECISION LOGIC IS CONSISTENT WITH THIS AMENDMENT. HOWEVER. CANISTERS APPROVED PRIOR TO THIS AMENDMENT WILL HAVE THE MUC SPECIFIED ON THE LABEL WHICH WILL BE INCONSISTENT WITH THE SUBSTANCE STANDARDS FOR MOST SUBSTANCES. A. 30 CFR 11 DOES NOT CONTAIN PROTECTION FACTOR REQUIREMENTS. PROTECTION FACTORS ARE USED IN THE DECISION LOGIC. AN AMENDMENT TO 30 CFR 11 IS PLANNED TO INCLUDE PROTECTION FACTOR REQUIREMENTS FOR OFM RESPIRATORS. FUTURE AMENDMENTS ARE COITEMPLATED FOR OTHER TYPES OF RESPIRATORS. S. 30 CFR 11 DOES NOT PEWIT THE USE AN ESCAPE GAS MASK AGAINST AC10 GASES OR ORGANIC VAPORS WITH POOR WARNING PROPERTIES. A CHANGE TO 30 CFR II IS NECESSARY TO PERMIT THE USE OF AN ESCAPE GAS MASK AGAINST SUBSTANCES WITH POOR WARNING PROPERTIES. I! i ` 1 , <j I WHERE ESCAPE RESPIRATORS ARE PROVIDED THEV SHALL BE SELECTED FROI THE ESCAPE CATEGORY IN TABLE 2. THE EMPLOYER SHALL PROVIDE AND ENSURE j EMPLOYEES CARRY AN ESCAPE RESPIRATOR WHERE EXPOSURE HAY OCCUR TO EXTREMELY TOXIC SUBSTANCES (AN EXTREMELY TOXIC SUBSTANCE IS DEFINED AS A GAS OR VAPOR HAVING A RAT EXPOSURE MORTALITY LCSO Of LESS THAN 10 PPM. THE FOLLOW 1NG STATEMENT IS ADDED TO THE INTRODUCTION TO THE RESPIRATOR TABLE FOR THESE SUBSTANCES: EMPLOYERS SHALL PROVIDE EACH EMPLOYEE WORKING IK AREAS WHERE NAME** MAY BE RELEASED INTO THE WORKPLACE AIR WITH AN APPROVED ESCAPE RESPIRATOR AS SPECIFIED IN TABLE 2. THE EMPLOYER SHALL ENSURE THAT EACH EMPLOYEE CARRY THE ESCAPE RESPIRATOR IN THE AREA WHERE **NAME*" MAT BE RELEASED INTO THE WORKPLACE. IV. J. "ENTRY INTO TANKS OR CLOSED VESSaS, OR . . ITEM (D)(4)(IV) IS A VARIABLE PROVISION IN THE INTRODUCTORY STATEMENTS TO THE RESPIRATOR TABLES WHICH LISTS THE SPECIFIC OPERATIONS WHERE A RESPIRATOR IS CONSIDERED TO BE AN ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF CONTROL. EXAMPLES OF WHERE THIS MAT OCCUR ARE FOR OPERATIONS WHICH REQUIRE OCCASIONAL ENTRY INTO TANKS OR OTHER CLOSEO VESSELS. APPENDIX I A. PROTECTION FACTORS FOR PARTICULATE FILTER RESPIRATORS > PROTECTION FACTOR (MINIMAL) SX 5X PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION ANT OUST AND HIST RESPIRATOR (30 CFW 11.130) ANY DUST AND MIST RESPIRATOR. EXCEPT SINGLE USE (30 CFR 11.120). HJT - 082640 ANA-06029 j I | I I I 1 Vb-8 (S/81) iox ANY DUST AND MIST RESPIRATOR. EXCEPT SINGLE-USE OR QUARTER-MASK RESPIRATOR (30 CFR 11,130). IOX ANY FUME RESPIRATOR OR HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE fILTER RESPIRATOR (30 CFR 11.130). iox ANY HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER RESPIRATOR (30 CFR 11.130) SOX lOOOX A HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL FACEPIECE (30 CFR 11,130). j. A POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR WITH A HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER (30 CFR 11.130). B. PROTECTION FACTORS FOR CHEMICAL CARTRIDGES AND GAS MASKS j PROTECTION FACTOR (MINIMAL) PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION i IOX ANY CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH AN NAME ** CARTRIDGES(S) (3D CFR 11. ISO) SOX A CHEMICAL CARTRIDGC RESPIRATOR WITH FULL FACEPIECE AND ** NAME **-CARTR!DG(S) (30 CFR 11, ISO) 50X SOX A GAS MASK WITH A CHIN-STYLE ** NAME ** CANISTER (30 CFR 11, 90(A)) A GAS MASK WITH A FRONT OR BACK-NOUNTEO * NAME *' CANISTER (30 CFR 11. 90 (A)) lOOOX A POWERED AIR-PURIFYING CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH A * NAME * CARTRIDGE (UNLISTED DEVICE). ESCAPE ANY GAS MASK PROVIDING PROTECTION AGAINST NAME * VAPORS (30 CFR 11.90). NOTE: THE APPROVAL ** NAME ** MAT CONSIST OF ACID GASES OR ORGANIC VAPORS AS A CLASS OR SPECIFIC ACID GASES. AIHONIA, OR ORGANIC VAPORS. IT MAY ALSO CONSIST OF COMBINATIONS OF ACID GASES, ORGANIC VAPORS, AND OTHER GASES AND VAPORS. C. PROTECTION FACTORS FOR COMBINATION CHEMICAL CARTRIDGES AND PARTICULATE FILTERS AND GAS MASKS AND PARTICULATE FILTERS PROTECTION FACTORS (MINIMAL) PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION IOX 50X ANY CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH NAME CARTRIDGE(S) AND -- NAME ** FILTER(S) (30 CFR 11.ISO and 11, 130) | A CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL FACEPIECE. ** NAME ** CARTRIDGE(S), AND ** TYPE ** andFILTER(S) (30 CFR 11, ISO 11, 130) 1 j SOX A GAS MASK WITH A CKINiSTYLE ** NAME * CANISTER AND ** TYPE * FILTER (30 CFR 11, 90(A) AND 11,130) 50X A GAS MASK WITH A FRONT OR BACK HOUNTEO ** NAME ** CANISTER AND ** TYPE ** FILTER (30 CFR 11.90(A) AND 11,130). HUT - 082650 ANA-06030 Vb-9 (5/81) looox ESCAPE A POVEAEO AIR PURIFYING CHEMICAL CARTRIDGE RESPIRATOR WITH A * NAME ** CARTRIDGE AND HIGH EFFICIENCY PARTICULATE FILTER. ANY GAS MASK PROVIDING PROTECTION AGAINST V NAME AND PARTICULATES (30 CFR 11,90 AND 11, 130) NAME * REFERS TO ANY ACID GAS. AKAL1NE GAS, ORGANIC VAPOR. OR OTHER SPECIFIC GAS OR VAPOR. ** TYPE REFERS TO OUST AND HIST. FUME, OR HIGH EFFICIENCY ' PARTICULATE. 0. PROTECTION FACTORS FOR SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATORS PROTECTION FACTOR (MINIMAL) PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION 10X SOX ANY SUPPLIED AIR-RESPIRATOR (30 CFR 11.110(A)) ANY SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL ' FACEPIECE, HELMET, OR MOOD. (30 CFR 11.110(A)) 1000X ZOOOX *A TYPE C SUPPLIED-AIR RE5PIRAT0R OPERATEO IN PRESSURE-DEMAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE OR CONTINUOUS FLOW MODE (30 CFR 11. 110(A)) ; I A TYPE C SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL i FACEPIECE OPERATEO IN PRESSURE-DEHAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE OR WITH A FULL FACEPIECE, HOOD. OR HELMET OPERATED IN CONTINUOUS FLOWjMODE (30 CFR 11.110(A)) THIS CATEGORY IS NOT FULLY COVERED BY PRECEDING CATEGORY. E. PROTECTION FACTORS FOR SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS ! ' PROTECTION FACTOR (MINIMAL) 10X PERMISSIBLE RESPIRATORY PROTECTION . ANY SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (30 CFR 11.70(A)) SOX ANY SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS WITH A FULL FACEPIECE (30 CFR 11.70(A)) 10,000+X OR FIRE FIGHTING SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS WITH A FULL FACEPIECE OPERATED IN PRESSURE-DEMAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE (30 CER 11.70(A)) 10.000+X ESCAPE A COMBINATION RESPIRATOR WHICH INCLUDES A TYPE C SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR WITH A FULL FACEPIECE OPERATED IK PRESSURE-DEMAND OR OTHER POSITIVE PRESSURE OR CONTINUOUS aOW MODE AND AN AUXILIARY SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS OPERATED IN PRESSURE-DEMAND OR POSITIVE PRESSURE MODE (30 CFR 11.70(B)) i ANY ESCAPE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (30 CFR 11.70(A)) HUT - 082651 f ANA-06031 I APPENDIX I! - LITERATURE REFERENCES Vb-10 (5/81 ) THE FOLLOWING ARE THE PRIMARY REFERENCE SOURCES USED IN THIS OEC1SION' LOGIC. 1. CHEMICAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS, MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION. WASH.. D.C. -* 2. SAX, M.J.: DANGEROUS PROPERTIES OF INDUSTRIAL MATERIALS. THIRD EDITION, VAN NOSTRAND REINKOLD COMPANY, NEW YORK, 1968. 3. HYGIENIC GUIDE SERIES. AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION, 1 DETROIT. MICHIGAN. 4. CHEM1CAI COMPANY GUIDES: A) ALLIED CHEMICAL B) COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CO. C) DOW CHEMICAL 0) EASTMAN KODAK E) EXXON F) AMC G MONSANTO H) OLIN CHEMICALS 1} ROHM A HAAS J SHELL K) UNION CARBIDE COMPANY i 5. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ACCEPTABLE CONCENTRATIONS. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, INC.. NEW YORK. 6. BROWNING. E.I: TOXICITY AND METABOLSIH OF INDUSTRIAL SOLVENTS, ; ELSFVIER PUBLISHING COMPANY, NEW YORK. 1965- BR0WN1NG. E.: TOXICITY OF INDUSTRIAL METALS, BUTTERWORTMS. LONDON. 1961. ?. DOCUMENTATION OF THE THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES FOR SUBSTANCES IN WORKROOM AIR, THIRD EDITION, AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS, CINCINNATI, 1971. 8. GLEASON. M.N., GOSSEUN. R.E., HODGE, H.C., AND SMITH, R.P.: CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY OF COftlEACIAL PRODUCTS. THIRD EDITION, THE WILLIAMS WALKJNS CO.. BALTIMORE. 1969. 9. THIENES, C.H. AND HALEY, T.O.: CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY, FIFTH EDITION. LEAN AND FEBIGER. 3972. 10. SPECTOR, W.S. (VOL I. II), NEGHERBON. W.O. (VOL III). GREBE, R.M.. (VOL IV). AND DIT7HER, D.S. (VOL V) (EDITORS): HANDBOOK OF | TOXICOLOGY. SAUNDERS. PHILADELPHIA. 1956-1959. 11. PAGET, G.E. (EDITOR): METHODS IN TOXICOLOGY, BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS. OXFORD. 1970. 12. STOLMAN, A (EDITOR): PROGRESS IK CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY. VOL. 2 AND VOL . ACADEMIC PRESS. NEW YORK. 1965 ANO 1969. 13. PATTY, F.A. (EDITOR): INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND TOXICOLOGY. VOL 2; : SECOND REVISED EDITION. INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS. NEW YORK, 1963. ; 14. HUNTER, D.: THE DISEASES OF OCCUPATIONS. LITTLE, BROWN ANO COMPANY. BOSTON. 1969. 15. STAUDEN, N. (EXECUTIVE EDITOR): KIRK-OTHHER ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY. 2ND EDITION. IHTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS. NEW YORK, 1972. 16. CLICK 0. (EDITOR): METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS. INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS. NEW YORK, 1954-1969. 17. ALTMAN. P.L. AND DITTKER, D.D. (EDITORS): BIOLOGY DATA BOOK, FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, 1964. HUT - 082652 ANA-06032 i 18. DEICHMANN. W.B. AND GERARDE. K.W.: TOXICOLOGY OF DRUGS AND CHEMICALS. ACADEMIC PRESS. HEW YORK, 1969. 19. STECHER, P.G. (EDITOR): THE MERCK INDEX. EIGHTH EDITION. MERCK J CO.. INC. NEW JERSEY. 1968. 20. INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY. KCCRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, HEW YORK, 1971. 21. HYGIENIC INFORMATION GUIDES. COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES. BUREAU OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH. 22. CHRISTENSEN. H.F. AND LUGINBYHL. T.L.: (EDITORS): NIOSK TOXIC SUBSTANCE LIST, 1974 EDITION. NEW PUBLICATION NO. 74-134, 1974. 23. SURVEY OF COMPOUNDS WHICH HAVE BEEN TESTED FOR CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY. U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PUBLICATION NO. 149, ORIGINAL, SUPPLEMENTS 1 AND 2. 1961-69. AND 1970-71. 24. SPENCER, E.Y.: GUIDE TO THE CHEMICALS USED IN CROP PROTECTION, SIXTH EDITION (PUBLICATION 1093). RESEARCH BRANCH AGRICULTURE CANADA, 1973. 25. NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL INDUSTRIAL OATA SHEETS. NATIONAL SAFETY 1 COUNCIL, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 2$. HASKIN. A.O. (EDITIOR): HANOLING 6UI0E FOR POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS COMMODITIES, RAILWAY SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION, CHICAGO. i ILLINOIS. 1972. I 27. HANDBOOK OF ORGANIC INDUSTRIAL SOLVENTS. TECHNICAL GUIDE NO. 6. ' 4TH EDITION, AFRICAN MUTUAL INSURANCE ALLIANCE. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 1972. ' 28. COMMITTEE ON HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY 6 CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL, NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE: FIRE HAZARD CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL VAPORS RELATIVE TO EXPLOSION-PROOF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, REPORT It), A SUPPLEMENTARY REPORT PREAPRED BY THE ELECTRICAL HAZARDS PANEL. WASHINGTON, D.O.. MAY 1973. 29. NATIONAL FIRE CODES. VOLUME 1 FLAWABLE. LIQUIDS, NEPA 326. NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, BOSTON. 1969. 30. NATIONAL FIRE CODES, VOLUME 7 ALARM AND SPECIAL EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS. NFPA 69, NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, BOSTON. 1973.' 31. NATIONAL FIRE COOES, MANUAL OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL REACTIONS. NFPA 491M, NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION. BOSTON. 1971. 32. NATIONAL FIRE COOES. VOLUME 3 COMBUST IABLE SOLIDS. OUSTS AND EXPLOSIVES, NFPA 49. NATIONAL FIRE, PROTECTION ASSOCIATION. BOSTON, 1 1973. I: I. 33- BAHHE. CHARLES W.: NFPA FIRE OFFICER'S GUIDE TO EMERGENCY ACTION, APPENDIX A, NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, BOSTON. 1974. ' 34. FACTORY MUTUAL ENGINEERING CORPORATION: HANDBOOK OF INDUSTRIAL LOSS PREVENTION, SECOND EDITION, MCGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, NEW YORK, 1967. ' 35. ARMISTEAO, 6., OR.: SAFETY IN PETROLEUM REFINING AND RELATED INDUSTRIES (APPENDIX A). SECOND EDITION. JOHN C. SIWONDS AND CO.. INC., NEW YORK. 1959. 36. DOOLITTLE. A.K.: LAQUER SOLVENTS IN COMMERCIAL USE, INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY. VOL 27: 1169-1179. 1935. 37. GRANT. W.M.: TOXICOLOGY OF THE EYE, SECOND EDITION. CHARLES C. THOMAS PUBLISHER. ILLINOIS. 1974. Vb-11 (5/81) HUT - 082653 ANA-06033 i | I ! I I 38. API TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEWS, AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE. NEW YORK 39. GLEASON, M.N.. GOSSELIN, R.E.. HODGE. H.C., AND SMITH R.P.: BULLETIN OF SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL FOR CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY OF COWERCIAL PRODUCTS. UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER. 1969-1975. 40. MAY, 0.: ODOR TRESHOLOS OF SOLVENTS FOR ASSESSMENT OF SOLVENT ODORS IN THE AIR. STAUB, VOL 26, 35-38 (SEPT. 1966) (ENGLISH TRANS.) 41. (SEE NELSON) 4?. SIWIER, W.: ODORS POLLUTION OF AIR, CRC PRESS. CLEVELAND, 1971, Vb-12 (5/81) I' I; I HUT - 082654 ANA-06034 1 Outline for selecting respiratory protective devices. I ANSI 288.2-1980 X c: Cn ANA-0603! -'moS" ug$a : :c o P,r* vo l (5/81) A M l K U A N N A I K JN A I. S I A M l.V K M ?>S . |> |M HUT - 082656 > > J COD O CO 0) Type of Respirator Paniculate-filter, quarter mail or half-mask fatepieieh-` ` Vapor- or fnc-reimivinj. |uartei*maxk or half-mask i.uepiece* ( nmhiruTior* parlrculjiffiller and vapor- nr jta' icmuvinf.quailfi-nmk m half-maxi faceprecth,< Parliculale-fittei. full fater" Vapoi- oi pasremimn*. lull laiepietr ('mhtnalmrt pailh vljic lllifi jrwl vapor- or (j-** removing, hill facepiece* Permitted for Use in OtypenDeficient Atmosphere No No No Nn No So Pn*cred particulate liHer. jnv retpuaioiv-inlcr foscr Powered vapor- nr paxlemminp. any rcspirjimymlei i'ouTiiK4' Powered s'umhmation patro culaie lilicr anj vapor- m eav-irm>oirn. an> icpiraorx>ik. So Vo So Respirator Protection Factors2 Pci milled for Use in Immediately Danperous-loLife-m-llealih Aimosphere^ No Respirator Protection I'atiur Qualitative Test Owjolitahvc Test 10 Ax measured on each pemm wills maximum of 100 No No No No S.i No ryes, h ev-jpe nroxi\n-ns jie pH>`iJ`d"i So lies, if escape pinnifn arc r*n'nJctl"' So ixks. il escape oio* i vtnns are pm* ided " i 10. nr maximum me limit el cartridge m canister for vapor or pax, whichever u less A i measured on each person with maximum of nr maximum use limn of cartridge or canister Iih vapor or pas,J. whichever H less. 10. or maximum use limit of onirdf* or earmter for vapor or pis. whichever is less. As measured on each prison wnh maximxms ol 1 DO. OI maximum use limil uf cartridge or canixict fur vapso or pat1**, whichever is less, 100 As measured on rash person with maximum uf WO rf dm*, finite nr mm fillet il used. Ol iiiaxirnuiiMil IOOH t hiphtffirienvy Ultra is used 100.or maximum use limit oi rarttidicc oi cannier for vapor ui |>, whichever is less. A measured on each person wnh maximum uf 1000. ui maximum use limit ol x-aiind|te m caftistri **r .ip.*r fliX'-1. llll Ivcscr is ks\ MM), *ir maximum use limil ol cariridee ui canister lor wpor or pas. whhfcever is less Vi measured *>n ea h petton mih maximum ol l<rd il Ju't. him.- i>r mol Mu r >% iim iI an<l mjximuin **l it htrh rlfiCK-nw Mrci o >i maximum iw lumi .o . jiiihlcc *m canister foi sapor u c.rc* *. whichever less. - s/A N\ So ie%i' an- icijmrvd due i<> posjioe-pics>nc *px"4tinr *! n*|ijt*-i 1 In- nu'irnmn pmirvrmn la for i* JOf* rl dust, fume. **r nun Mm >t us<d jud .'fnni n In*H i tlii k i s filter it tool S/A Sr A No irsis aic required due to positive pressure operation uf respirator ^hc maximum protection fadoi n 3000. or maximum use Knit oi cartridge oi caimicr lor sapor *i eas'*f whichever is less. S/A V\ No rests arc rrqmied due io positive preciure i pciatinn nl icspiratoi Ihc maximum protection /actor is f 00 ir dun. fume. nr rmit frlter h tned ant* .*fw,l> it l>r#hvlJfo- > liliet is used, oi maximum use hrt.ii oi curridc r . r . jni<ici t*r ar**: ' *' 1 * ho hes.-i (See also Section IV of this nanual) \ Ropintor I'miectiort Faclors* I ypr ill Rt>piijior Perroilied tur Hsc in Om*<i'* Detlcicnl Ainimphcie I'cimiiirtl tur Use in litiiiKji9lvlv-M.inFViou>-tu- Rc|'ini<'i Pmlcction 1'aetw Air-line. JcmjnJ. mask ur lull-mask Isccincise. uiibm si itI tout eseape prnisi>nsrr \it-lim\ ik'Mi.inil tutl u.c- piece with <>! v> Cs- ij|K' proiinom* Sir litw c.niintuous-ihns .r nur.U tepc.aii* |j|'K\e. HllhiMlI S"HJ|V PIOVIM- *I1'1 Urline continuous-llois or pressure-demand U pc. rs la.epmv. mils cvjpc provisions*-* Am-tine. uniiuuniK t^>w. helmet. htHtJ. ( iuil. uithniil CMjpr pjnmWro' Yes' Yi Yes1 Y c t Yesr No Ai measured on h person, bvt limit'd ii> the use of the resptrxiiir in rnmcniialioro of sont.iminanls beln Il*r im mediately slanrcrouito-hl'cHii -health ilDLIIi values No Ai measured on each person, hoi limited to the use of the tespirai ji in enneentrj- lions of contaminant* below the im- medial ely-dangeioui to-lrfr-ur-health HDLM1 values. No N/A N/A No tests arc remaned due to poMtt*<-ptc4iwre operation >) tcspiutoi. I he protect h>a ia - or provided by the teipiialo; is limited in ixr of (he rcsptralot in cumcn nations con taminants below the immediately-dan^erous-io-lifc-or-health tll>1 ID sjIuos. Vu N/A SIX No usts are required due to positive-pressure operation ol respirator. 1 he masurium p.* trcliun factor is HI 000 plus. No N/A N-A No tests are required due to positive pictnire operation of respirator. I he piotccl mn t k tor prgvidesJ by ihc respirator is limited to the me ol the icspirainf in concent nitons or I'omamtnanis below ihc immediately-danyemus-ioliie-oi-health i II >1.11 > s a lues. Air-One. eoniinmmvlVw. helmet, hood. m suit, with exape piuvisiimi* N/A N/A No tests arc icquitcd due to positive-presiUK operation ol respirator. I tic masurium pro leni.ns fas t or is 10 000 plus/* Hose mask. iih nr unhnoi hloc.tult fjepK< Yes No IU As measured on ejeh person, but bnnted in ibe use ol the re'i'iiaioi in suneefttratir*sul eontammanls fc*l>w the kwmksJ*aiclyslanpemus-io-litc-or-health r ll)t Hi values Sellioniamcd l>ujthine ap paratus, demand-type openuaoir nr ncyativc-prcssureiype cJmed-oreuit. quarter- No mask nr hall-mask f asrCph'se1 > Sctl ionuincd hteathiny ap paratus. demanJ-type open- Yes* iYev*. tf respirator t< No lyes, if respraiof is used lor mine irvw and z; sosuit or ncpaiise-pre-osns- used lor mine rcsiuv (nine tes>ers operations.) pe .k'M'dvin.uir loll and mine rciorer) '-'T's-e .r, mouthpiece, pefaliofts.r n.x, .I.ni|.1' lit 100 Asmcasuicd on each psi'oft.tiwl hmiivJ 10 the use ol the iespiiji* in iiinscniijtuimi)l sunijiomants betois the Mmnedi aicly-slanrcroui io-lifc-sH-hcjIlh iIDI.ID lilies As measured on ea^h person, hut ImiitvJ n> ihc ue / rite resprraTw n lunteoi'ul(.o>sii| es>ni.iminant> beI the loonsdial.-l) iljnerious-io l.is-s>: he^lih >11*1 if* twines, eseepi *sfc.*n slw ie-ptrji-.i o * d lor mine rr'.o- .nd irv.ne :e. erjii.-ns HUT - 082657 NOO1 . a>/v 1 SrUVnniained hi.-iiliinc .1 p[ui,i1ii\, prc*Mifr-ileinan|lyiw Mptn-virciiit ni pmiiireprvtmriMypp ehtvd-ciicnM. quarler-matk <>i hall-ma.k 1.i rpirre. fuU laecpicer. iniHiibpieit/ai>v clamp* Combination rctpiraimt not liticd. W'* Vet N/A N/A N`.i icm* air tcgniicd in noMtnr prr v'lirc ri|c rat Min it rc'l'ilalot. I bv n>a\innim pn. recinvn ij.tnr t. Hi OOO plus*1 The type and mode of upetatkm luvinf the lokt'l tetptraioi prntecttofi fjctrvr thall Pc applied In the inmfemaikin rcvpiralnf N/A means tv*| applitaMe sirtee a rcspiiatm-litirny ten it mil tank'd nui 9A retpuaior pn*iiviinn fat'lnr i* a mcature o the decree pioie. hm piiivdi*i! by a ropiulof ! . .. vpirjior tvain Mt/lliplyriip ihr pci mrt.ihle ome-knyhted aveiape t.iivrnrrjii..i nr iltc jTriii"ihk uilinp conccntralion. * hit hove n applitahlr. lor * time vobuamc. nr ihc uiavimtim pennittihlr airborne c.nvent ration f. > radionuclide. I*v a pti.ii.ii.in t... i.tr rtMcncd In a utpitaint fWi the mavimum ci>ft.-rimjlk` of the lu/aiJon. .ubeiante fo; * hi.h flic retpitaior ian he omhJ Lmnniiom III iiliriv .atliider'. and innkis .nrd in airpmilyintr rctpir.doi. 'lull he conioJcrv'tl in dcrt'imining prole. lion la. tort hUlicn ihr respirator it med lot proH'timn ayainn airborne pari iciibte nuner baviny a permit'ilde nmcM.ifhtcd awrajtc turn cm ui inn lot ih.m 0.<>5 nirlhr.f.irn parti.nl.iic nutlet per tiihtc inrlcr of all <>t let* llun 2 million part ulo pt i cubic I'kI id air. <n lor prntrvliun acainvl jiiboinc radromitliric paiiii uLric inanct. ihr le.pirjior .h.|| K <niii|*pcd with a hiflicllitirno iiltcmi. v'l the air contaminant runtr* eye imtjinin. tlie U'CJirt of a retpitaior t*i|tiippciJ wifh i guaricr-matfe t half-ma.l fjccpicic nr n>oathpn*tY and note .lamp .lull he ivrmitl.J to use a proiitimr yoyrlr or in use j rctpiramr rgmpped wtrh i lull faerpi.Tc '*tr she powered .lit-purity iny respirator o c|iuprt>l with ,i lasrpiCiC. tin- cm j|H* prutnion mean' lHal the vu.ircr it .iblr to breathe Ihrotiyh ibe lillci. . imhv >-r ..mi.iri .inti I hrnoth i he pump 11' the pone red jirpnriiymjr ii-'pi>ai> < it cijiiip|H'd u nil a liciiiH'i. IhiuJ. or mm: . ihc ctcapc pno M>n 'hall he an jgtillart tell -ton I.uned vnpply ol rt-'pn il>K m * I In- cvap` pro'Itk*n dull K` jrt a'ltilia/y M'U-ontaiikd turplj *I tetpirahK air ' I or dclinilkm ol 'otjimi drtk lent > not immediarelt dancer>m< i Inc or In-.ilih" hv Secik'n Fl or d-1tnil mu ol 'otvren deli. *! \ miml-d<.>l<'h J.oiyt'ioio hU' hcallh' m-c Seel ion 2 and Ml* * (In' pioiiviion taclo; iiKM'ttrcinvm ct.ii'J- (tie limit of 'cntiinut ol tin- ilM jppaialn>. rhcrcioic. the rC'pirjl.u li.o been >la"ilicd tot ikc in itrit.^plk. ie> li i*in.* mil,nonn >>-), tim itions ol eonuimnaiii'. 11 In er ue life ol a 'apnr- '> ;'j'-mihiuny l ji mdee or iani'tci dcpi-ruN io the tpc< ilk vapor or fj*. die .iini rmiji ton ol rtic ' i['0f or cj- in all. i he n-ni|vr.o "ic .oiJ InmnJit i ->| iliv- ari. lire It pc and gtrantri) ol ilk- <irl>cii: in the ^-irtridctf *r * aniMvi. and rlk- a. ii'O) >i Ihr rcspiraioi u v Jict. Carl nJcC' a fd taii<-IC(' mj' pio'idv onlt Ii.-ii M itt. >' hrv lor vi- l.im v j|st' jinl c,it<n \ jp't.'*a 'i*rt r.-r Itie ic:*% i- re. .r:i mended In ctrc that i.ii lfnlye j ml .ant'iei' provide adegiutt' ti rt*-c hvet Helcrem e liotill le ` nh t m hi. h eke vap.i '^j' tile dala li latinJct-' and ^ani'iei' 'V ipoi ami cavienmeiny icvpiuioi' ate not appi- >'eJ lor coni nmnafiit 'hat liel ad't|pn< wjrnirii; propcitic' t>> ihJoi. in ttaiKHi or fjOc.il eon. enir nn>n. r*i j:r at or jh*e the |vr rni-ohlr etp>><tire lnirii.. Nt >|'l . Retpiiaii'r proto, t mr la.'iot lor jnpi.-i:v me-M pe iepirjni. egtupped w nh a muuihpiecc ni>.e ^lainp lorrn ol r.tptr iiurt mlei are approved only lot e-capc purpose' rut. ji. .m .i' :n .n. c 'u.li i.spn > Z > I o 05 o w CD n h n n v i i w i *. i v m h i v s k v n > m \y/ CO oa HUT - 082658 CLASSIFICATION OF RESPIRATORS AWO THEIR LIMITATIONS AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATORS Mode Of Operation LimiLations Ambient air, prior to being Inhaled, Is passed through a filter, cartridge, or canister which removes particles, vapors, gases, or a combination of these contaminants. Breathing action of the wearer operates the non powered type. Powered type contains a blower, stationary or carried by wearer, which passes ambient air through an air-purifying component and then supplies purified air to the respiratory-inlet covering. Konpowered type is equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiece, and nose clamp. Powered type is equipped with a facepiece, helmet, hood, or suit. Air-purifying respirators do not protect against oxygen-deficient atmospheres nor against skin irritations by airborne contaminants, or sorption through the skin. The maximum contaminant concentration against which an air-purifying respirator will protect is determined by the design efficiency and capacity of the cartridge, canister or filter, and the facepiece-lo-face seal on the user. For gases and vapors, the maximum concentration for which the air-puritying element is designed is specified by the manufacturer, or is listed on labels of cartridges and canisters. The type of facepiece used may be limited by its protection factor. Konpowered air-purifying respirators will not provide the maximum design protection specified unless the facepiece or mouthpiece/nose clamp is carefully fitted to the wearer's face to prevent inward leakage. The time period over which protection is provided is dependent on canister, cartridge or filter type, concentration of contaminant, humidity levels in the ambient atmosphere, and the wearer's respiratory rate. > z > cX -I i o O) o CO CD The proper type of canister, cartridge, or filter must be selected for the particular atmosphere and conditions. Nonpowered air-purifying respirators may cause discomfort due to a noticeable resistance to inhalation. This problem is minimized in powered respirators. Respirator facepieces present special problems to individuals required to wear prescription lenses. These devices do have the advantage of being small, light, and simple in tperalion. Use of air-purifying respirators in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health is limited to specific devices under specified conditions. (Copied from the latest update of the ANSI 738.? (193G) Standard ''Respiratory Piotection Prac t ices ''. ) Ve-1 (5/(11 ) There ere three types of air purifying respirators: (1) particulate-removing respirators (?) vapor end gas-removing respirators and (3) combinations of 1 and 2. ANA-06040 Mode of Operation 1) Particulate-Removing Respirators Equipped with fllter(s) to remove a tingle type of particulate matter (e.g., dust) or a combination of two or more types of particulate matter (e.g., dust and fume) from air. filter may be a singleuse type or reusable type. 2) Vapor-and Gas-Removing Respirators Equipped with a cartridge(s) or canister(s) to remove a single vapor or gas (e.g., chlorine gas), a single class of vapors I or gases (e.g., organic vapors), or a 5 combination of two or more classes of vapors or gases (e.g., organic vapors a and acidic gases) from air. 3) Combination Particuiate-Vapor-and Gas-Removing Respirators Equipped with cartridge(s) or canister(s) to remove particulate matter, vapors and gases from air. The filter may be a permanent part or a replaceable part of a cartridge or canister. limitations Particulate-Removing Respirators Protection against nonvolatile particulates only. No protection against gases and vapors. Not for use in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health unless a powered-type respirator with escape provisions. Vapor-and Gas-Removing Respirators No protection is provided against particulate contaminants. A rise in canister or cartridge temperature indicates that a gas or vapor is being removed from the inspired air. An uncomfortably high temperature Indicates a high concentration of gas or vapor and requires an immediate return to fresh air. Should avoid use in atmospheres where the contaminant(s) lacks sufficient warninq properties (i.e., odor, taste, or irritation) unless equipped with an end-of-service life indicator. Not for use in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health unless a powered-type respirator with escape provisions. Combination Particulate - Vapor-and Gas-Removing Respirators The advantages and disadvantages of the component sections of the combination respirator as described before apply. 18/5) Z-*K ATMOSPHERE SUPPLYING RESPIRATORS Hode_of_Operatjn LIMITATIONS Uncontaminated breathing air or oxygen 1$ supplied to the respirator wearer by means of a hose, airline, or from a bottle of compressed air that Is carried by the user. Except for some air-line suits, no protection is provided against skin irritation by materials such as ammonia and hydrogen chloride, or against sorption of materials such as hydrogen cyanide, tritium, or organic phosphate pesticides through the skin. Facepieces present special problems to individuals required to wear prescription lenses. Use of atmosphere-supplying respirators in atmospheres immediately dangerous to life or health is limited to specific devices under specified conditions. There are three basic types of atmosphere supplying respirators; hose masks, airline respirators and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Mode of Operation Limitations 1} Hose Mask 1) Hose Mask Equipped with a facepiece, breathing tube, rugged safety harness and a Targe diameter heavy/duty nonkinking air supply hose. The breathing tube and air supply hose are securely attached to the harness. A facepiece is equipped with an exhalation valve. The harness has provision for attaching a safety line. The hose inlet or blower must be located and secured in a respirable atmosphere. The respirable air supply is not limited to the quantity the individual can carry. However, the wearer is restricted In movement by the hose and must return to a respirable atmosphere by retracing his route of entry. The hose is subject to being severed or pinched off. a) Hose Mask with 8Tower a) Hose Mask with Blower ^ Air is supplied by a motor/driven Z or hand-operated blower. The wearer f can continue to inhale through the o hose if the blower fails. Up to o 300 feet (91 meters) of hose h length is permissible. If the blower fails, the unit still provides protection, although a negative pressure exists in the facepiece during inhalation. Ve-3 (5/01 HUT - 082661 Mode of Operation b) Demand Type Equipped with a facepiece only. The demand valve permits flow of air only during inhalation. c) Pressure-Demand-Type Equipped with a facepiece only. A positive pressure is maintained in the facepiece. d) Combination Air-Line Respirator with Auxiliary &e1f-(?ontained Air iuppfy Includes an air-line respirator with an auxiliary self-contained air supply. To escape from a hazardous atmosphere in the event the primary air supply fails to operate, the wearer switches to the auxiliary self-contained air supply. 3) Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Supply of air, oxygen, or oxygen generating materia) carried by wearer. Hormally equipped with full facepiece, but may be equipped with a quarter-mask facepiece, half-mask, helmet, hood, or mouthpiece and nose clamp. limitations b) Demand Type Subject to leakage due to negative pressure, in mask during inhalation. d) Combination Air-Line Respirator with Auxiliary Self-Contained Air Supply The auxiliary self-contained air supply on this type device allows the wearer to escape from a dangerous atmosphere. This device with auxiliary self-contained air supply is approved for use in atmospheres that are immediately dangerous to life or health. 3) Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) The wearer carries his own breathing atmosphere. The period over which the device wiil provide protection is limited by the amount of air or oxygen in the apparatus, the ambient atmospheric pressure (service life is cut in half by a doubling of the atmospheric pressure), and work. Some SCBA devices have a short service life (less than 15 minutes) and are suitable only for escape (self-rescue) from an irrespirable atmosphere. Ve-5 (5/01) A N A -06043 Node of Operation 1) Closed-Circuit SCBA ) Compressed or Liquid Oxyqen Type Equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiece and nose clamp- High-pressure oxygen from a gas cylinder passes through a high-pressure reducing valve and, in some designs, through a low-pressure admission valve to a breathing bag or container. Liquid oxygen is converted to a low-pressure gaseous oxygen and ^ delivered to the breathing bag through C a corrugated tube connected to a . mouthpiece or facepiece and a one-way o check valve. Exhaled air passes 5 through another check valve and tube o> into a container of carbon dioxide removing chemical and re-enters the breathing bag. Hake up oxygen enters the bag continuously or as the bag deflates sufficiently to actuate an admission valve. A pressure relief system is provided and a manual bypass system 5 and saliva trap may be provided p> depending upon the design. 3) Soif-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) - Continued Chief limitations of SCBA devices are their weight or buH or both, limited service life, and the training required for their maintenance and safe use. Limitation 1) Closed-Circuit SCBA The clo$ed*c1rcuit operation conserves oxygen and penults longer service life at reduced weight. The closed circuit SCBA can not be used in an immediately hazardous atmosphere because negative pressure is created in the facepiece during Inhalation. In addition, the oxygen can lead to an explosion If it comes In contact with oil or grease. Oxygen should never be used In a device unless it is specifically designed for that purpose. 4 ANA-06044 Hodt of Operation b) Oxygyn-Genvrating Typt Equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiece and nose clamp. Water vapor in the exhaled breath reacts with chemical In the canister to release oxygen to the breathing bag. The wearer inhales from the bag through a corrugated tube and one-way check vatve at the facepiece. Exhaled air passes through a second check valve/breathing tube assembly into the canister. The oxygen release rate is governed by the volume of exhaled air. Carbon dioxide In the exhaled breath Is removed by the canister fill. 2) Open-Circuit SCBA A bypass system Is provided In jE case of regulator failure except -t i on escape-type units. o ) Demand Typ* Equipped with a facepiece or mouthpiece fid nose clamp. The demand valve permits oxygen or air flow only during Inhalation. Exhaled breath passes to ambient atmosphere through a valve(s) In the facepiece. b) Pressure-Demand Type Equipped with a facepiece only. Positive pressure Is maintained In the facepiece. The apparatus may have provision for the wearer to select the demand or pressuredemand mode of operation and in which case the demand mode should be used only whendonning or r{ moving the apparatus. Limitations 1. limitations are the same as the oxygen supplying type described in l.a. This unit is generally lighter, simpler, and cheaper than oxygen supplying closed circuit SCBA. 2) Open-circuit SCBA The demand type produces a negative pressure in the respiratory-Inlet covering during inhalation, whereas the pressure-demand type maintains a positive pressure in the respiratory-inlet covering during inhalation and is less apt to permit inward leakage of contaminants. IB /? )( 9-SA SM-3J 5*78] Shell Oil Company Interoffice Memorandum December 7, 1931 FROM: Industrial Hygienist TO: See Distribution SUBJECT: Contractor Respirator Programs The attached guideline on Contractor Respiratory Protection Programs is provided for your information. Please note that the guideline specifically applies to those contractor employees working at DPMC and are required to use respiratory protection during planned activities. The guideline as written offers clarification and formali2es many current practices. If you have any questions concerning this, please let me know. P. J. Snyder PJS:sdm Attachment HUT-081867 ABS-013523 S.H. Slaughter W.H. Thompson J.R. Cox R.V. Mattern J.G. Massey L.W. Horstman H.G. Jacobson H. G. Wilson L.S. Alpert G.C. Anderson C. A. Champ N.L. Newton W.H. Probst D. G. Jaeger L. V. Ashe J.P. Callaghan M. J. Curtis J.W. Dickens J.C. H. Joyce W.A. Moorman C.H. Rogers B. J. Steakley D.B. Williams I. O. Baumgart R. Corley L.D. Dixon D.R. Wood J.W. Griffiths G.E. Cutierrez R.G. Heller D.H. Hobbs J.F. Hoesel W.F. Nail K.D. Powell S. Reeves F.C. Rickert G.E. Roe L.J. Stanford J.D. Washburn T.L. Burnett W.P:, Charles T.A. Roberts C.J. Cook E.E. Stringfellow J.W. Ivie J.W. Gognat C.H. Rivers L.E. Abrahamson R.E. Bowen W.R. Carter J.D. Houghton D.E. Johnson H.J. Lewis J. Ross DISTRIBUTION S/Admin N/Admin S/Admin ECB S/Admin S/Admin Olefins Oper. Bldg. S/Admin RDO S/Admin S/Admin Olefins Mtn. SMT RUT SMT RUT EMT S/Admin SP Olefins Mtn. AMT Olefins Mtn. GMT OP-III RDO RDO S/Admin OP-III RDO S/Admin RDO S/Admin S/Admin S/Admin OP-II RDO OP-II RDO S/Admin OP-II WOB Utilities Utilities RDO ECB ECB ECB S/Admin S/Admin S/Admin SMT S/Insp. S/Admin S/Admin M.S. Rudnicki R.R. Priger W.L- Klein C.R. Harper R.D. Fowler H.L. Lee T.F. Hruska R.R. Erickson F.G. Reitz P.J. Snyder A.F. Ayala D.E. Treat H.M. Hancock 0. Chappell R.L. Hartman D.J. Zurkaramer. R.R. Awe H.G. Wilson, Jr. D.M. Geehan D.O. Chrisraer T.Q. Queener B. Bitner R.R. Crawford W. Reeves F.F. Lewis R.L. Bryan J.H. Sanders P. Lanchak D.W. Lanning B.T. Waggoner E.J. Erickson J.E. Garrison W.W. Groda L.R. Grounds R.R. Ingrain R.N. Robinson C.E. Beecher L. Machs G.W. Loyd J.M. Wion C. Garcia E.P. Cashat F.M. Leonard J. Sorotzkin J.T. Henry R.D. Madsen R.L. Wege E.A. Brown C.A. Robertos L.J. Hallmark S/Admin N/Admin RDO S/Admin OP-II N/Admin N/HOA N/Admin S/MOA ECB N Whse/Annex N/Admin N/MOA S/MOA EOB WOB LPA UOB N/Admin EFO EFO EFO EFO EFO EFO WOB WOB WOB DO WOB EOB EOB EOB EOB EOB EOB LPA LPA LPA LPA LPA OP-II UCC N/Admin LPA N/Admin N/Admin Lab Lab N/MOA HUT-081868 ABS-013524 GUIDELINES FOR CONTRACTOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTION PRu.,,:AMS AT DPMC PREAMBLE The following guideline outlines the general requirements for contractor per formance in establishing acceptable respirator programs. To assist contractors in fulfilling this obligation, Shell* will make available certain technical resources as outlined below. It is the intent of Shell Management however, that each contractor retain responsibility for program development and com pliance with applicable Health and Safety Standards. Scope: The requirements of this guideline apply to only those contractors who have an anticipated (planned) use of respiratory protection at the Shell Deer Park Manufacturing Complex. 1. GENERAL All contractors working at Shell DPMC are to comply with applicable OSHA regulations including 29 CFR 1910.134, Respiratory Protection. Where respiratory protection is required, respiratory programs which comply with the above regulation generally include: Employee Training . Potential Health Hazards of Exposure . Proper Respirator Selection Proper Respirator Selection . Air-Supplied vs. Dust Mask vs. Full-Face Air-Purifying Respirators . Determinations of Medical Suitability to Use Respiratory Protection Proper Respirator Maintenance . Cleaning . Inspection Qualitative or Quantitative Fit Testing of Air-Purifying Respirators . Removal of Facial Kair in the Respirator-Sealing Surface Responsibility for contractor employee protection and OSHA compliance rests with the management of the contractor. To assist the contractor to meet these obligations. Shell will make available to the contractor certain equipment and manpower resources. Regardless of the contractors utilization of these Shell resources, all contractors required to use respiratory protection at DPMC will be expected to have in place an acceptable respirator program. HUT-081869 ABS-013525 2 2. 'AVAILABILITY OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTION EQUIPMENT With the exception of paint contractors engaged in sandblasting. Shell will make respiratory protective equipment available to all contractors. Sand blasters are to provide their own air-supplied hoods and other protective gear required for this work. Special respiratory protection required because of process related factors (e.g. potential exposure to chemicals being handled within a unit) will be supplied by DPMC to sandblasters. DPMC will supply cartridges, air?purifying masks, air-line respirators and other appropriate respiratory protective equipment through the Central Respirator Center or satellite cabinet system. Respirator maintenance for equipment used by contractors will be equivalent to that provided Shell`s employees. DPMC will supply the required respiratory protective equipment needs of contractors during turnarounds. Construction contractors including capital and purchase order contractor needs will be reviewed by Industrial Hygiene and Engineering on a caseby-case basis. This applies to lead burner work and tank cleaning. 3. RESPIRATORY TRAINING - DPMC Safety and Industrial Hygiene will make available to all maintenance contractors a qualified trainer to train one of their supervisory personnel who will be responsible for training the contractors' personnel. Acceptance of this offer by contractors is on a voluntary basis. Records of this training will be retained by the Safety Rep resentative - Contractors. The Safety Respresentative - Contractors and the DPMC Shel1 Maintenance organization retain the right to periodically audit the respirator training provided to employees of Shell contractors. Construction contractors will normally not be required to use respirators to install new facilities. In the event of a chemical release, the proper response for.these contractors is evacuation to a safe area. Where respiratory protection is to be used during a project, the employees engaged in this work are to receive the required training by their employer. Short-term maintenance work requiring the use of respiratory protection such as tank cleaning will be required to verify that the required training has been completed prior to initiating work. HUT - 081870 ABS-013526 3 4. QUANTITATIVE FIT TESTING For contractors utilizing Shell air-purifying respirators. Shell will make available fit testing equipment and a qualified technician to conduct fit testing. Contractor fit testing is to be conducted with the type of mask used by Shell personnel {Scott and MSA). Contractor fit testing is to be held once per year to pick up new employees and retest old employees. This frequency may be adjusted to accomodate Shell needs and to reflect changes in testing require ments. Shell is to.provide a copy of our general fit test procedure and testing criteria to the management of each contractor. They are to accept in writing or provide their own testing criteria. During contractor fit testing, an appropriate respresentative from the contractor is to be present to maintain records and supervise the testing activity. PJS/gri 11-19-81 HUT-081871 ABS-013527