Document OENpZZ2MLNq96VeBb8weyZXLj

Valve Inspection and Test API STANDARD 598 THIRD EDITION, MAY 1977 PRICE: $1.00 ------ . - wivwi* I 119 2101 L Street, Northwest Washington, D.C. 20037 l * f-it VAB.0001098774 f Valve Inspection and Test Refining Department API STANDARD 598 THIRD EDITION, MAY 1977 PRICE: $1.00 OFHCIAI PUBLICATION REG I'.S. PATENT OFEK'E VAB.0001098775 API specifications [standards] are published as an aid to procurement of stan dardized equipment and materials. These specifications are not intended to inhibit purchasers and producers from purchasing or producing products made to specifica tions other than API. Nothing contained in any API specification is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent, nor as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent. API specifications may be used by anyone desiring to do so, and every effort has been made by the institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data con tained in them. However, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with the publication of API specifications and hereby ex pressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from their use, for any violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which an API specification may conflict; or for the infringement of any patent resulting from t he use of an API specification. Copyright1977 American Peirolcjni Institute 4> CONTENTS Notes to Purchaser SECTION 1--GENERAL 1.1 Scope...................................................................... 1.2 Referenced Publications..................................... SECTION 2--INSPECTION 2.1 Inspection at Manufacturer's Plant................ 2.2 Inspection Outside Manufacturer's Plant . . . . 2.3 Extent of Inspection............................................ 2.4 Inspection Notice................................................. SECTION 3--PRESSURE TESTS 3.1 Tests Required...................................................... 3.2 Optional High-Pressure Closure Test.............. 3.3 Test Location........................................................ 3.4 Test Fluid............................................................... 3.5 Test Pressure........................................................ 3.6 Test Duration........................................................ 3.7 Test Leakage........................................................ SECTION 4--PRESSURE TEST PROCEDURE 4.1 Shell Test............................................................... 4.2 Backseat Test........................................................ 4.3 Low-Pressure Seat Test..................................... 4.4 High-Pressure Closure Test.............................. 4.5 End Loading Under Test................................... SECTION 5--VALVE RETEST 5.1 Certification.......................................................... Page i 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 III VAB.0001098777 NOTES TO PURCHASER 1. If required, the following shall be specified in the order: a. Inspection by purchaser at manufacturer's plant (see 2.1) b. Inspection by purchaser outside manufacturer's plant (see 2.2) c. Any supplementary examination required (see 2.3.3) d. Address for inspection notices (see 2.4) e. Optional high-pressure closure test (see 3.2) f. Use of wetting agent in test water (see 3.4.4). 2. If this standard is used for valves other than those covered by API standards listed herein, the purchaser shall specify the extent to which it is to be applied. 4 VAB.0001098778 1 i 4 VALVE INSPECTION AND TEST SECTION 1-- GENERAL 1.1 Scope 1.1.1 This standard covers inspection and pressure test requirements for both resilient seated and metal-tometal seated valves of the gate, plug, ball, and butterfly types. (Resilient seats are considered to be both the solid type and semi-solid grease type such as lubricated plug valves.) It is intended to supplement the API standards listed in 1.2.2 but may also be applied to other types of valves with the purchaser's approval. 1.1.2 The inspection requirements pertain to inspec tion by the purchaser at the manufacturer's plant. The test requirements cover pressure tests by the manufac turer at his plant. 1.1.3 Tests specified in this standard are pressure tests as follows: 1. Shell (includes body, bonnet, and cover plate) 2. Backseat (for gate valves only) 3. Low-pressure seat 4. High-pressure closure (not required unless specified) 1.2 Referenced Publications 1.2.1 Except for ANSI Standard B16.5, the latest edi tion or revision of the following standards shall, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this standard: ANSI1 B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (1968) B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded MSS1 SP-53 Quality Standards for Steel Castings--Dry Powder Particle Magnetic Inspection Method SP-54 Quality Standard for Steel Castings-- Radiographic Inspection Method SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings--Visual Method 1.2.2 The following are the API valve standards which this standard is intended to supplement: 593 Ductile Iron Plug Valves, Flanged Ends 597 Steel Venturi Gate Valves, Flanged or Butt welding Ends 599 Steel Plug Valves, Flanged or Buttwelding Ends 600 Steel Gate Valves, Flanged or Butt welding Ends 602 Compact Carbon Steel Gate Valves 603 150-pound Light-Wall, Corrosion-Resistant Gate Valvesfor Refinery Use 604 Ductile Iron Gate Valves, Flanged Ends 606 Compact Carbon Steel Gate Valves (Extended Body) 609 Butterfly Valves, To 150 psig and 150 F SECTION 2--INSPECTION 2.1 Inspection at Manufacturer's Plant If inspection is specified in the purchase order, the valve shall be inspected by the purchaser's inspector at the manufacturer's plant. The purchaser's inspector shall have free access to any part of the plant concerned with manufacture of the valves at any time work on his order is underway. 2.2 Inspection Outside Manufacturer's Plant If inspection is specified to include shell components manufactured at other than the manufacturer's plant, i these components shall be subject to the purchaser's in spection at that location. 2.3 Extent of Inspection 2.3.1 Unless supplementary examination is specified in the purchase order, inspection by the purchaser shall be limited to the following: 1. Examination of the valve (including the use of nondestructive inspection tools) to assure compliance 'American National Standards Institute, Inc., 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. 'Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, 18IS North Fort Meyer Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22209. VAB.0001098779 r 2 API STANDARD 598 4 with the specifications of the purchase order. 2. Visual examination of any casting to assure con formance with MSS SP-55. 3. Witnessing of the required and specified optional pressure tests. The purchaser's inspector may waive any part of this in spection. 2.3.2 For visual examination, a casting may be examin ed all over and shall be rejected if any defects are of equal or greater extent than those shown as nonacceptablein MSS SP-55. 2.3.3 Supplementary types of examination are required only if specified in the purchase order and to the extent specified. Magnetic particle and radiographic examina tion of steel castings shall be per MSS SP-53 and SP-54, respectively, or the purchaser's own acceptance criterion, if so specified. These examinations shall be made by the manufacturer subject to witnessing by the purchaser's inspector. 2.4 Inspection Notice If inspection is specified, the manufacturer shall notify the purchaser 5 days prior to the required valve testing and any supplementary examination addressing the notice as stated in the purchase order. Also, the manufacturer shall give the purchaser 5 days' notice as to where and when shell components manufactured out side the manufacturer's plant may be inspected, if such inspection is required. SECTION 3--PRESSURE TESTS 3.1 Tests Required 3.1.1 The following pressure tests shall be made on each valve: Test Valve Type Shell Backseat Low pressure seat All GateOnlv All* * Except butterfly valves, w hich shall be tested per 3.5,2. Tabic 2. 3.1.2 Valves that contain features that permit the emer gency injection of a grease-type sealant to the seat area shall be tested with the injection system unfilled and not in use. 3.2 Optional High-Pressure Closure Test The high-pressure closure test is not required unless specified in the purchase order, but the valve is required to be capable of passing this test (as a test of the design of the valve closure structure). It is considered un necessary as a production test. 3.3 Tast Location Tests shall be performed by the manufacturer at his plant. 3.4 Tast Fluid 3.4.1 For shell, backseat, and high-pressure closure tests, the test fluid shall be air, inert gas, kerosine, or water (including liquid with viscosity no higher than that of water). 3.4.2 For the low-pressure seat test, the test fluid shall be air or inert gas. 3.4.3 For shell and backseat tests, if air or gas is used, the manufacturer shall demonstrate the adequacy of his method for detecting any leakage. If kerosine or water is used, the valve shall first be essentially freed of air. 3.4.4 Water used for any test may contain a water- soluble oil or a rust inhibitor, and, when specified by the purchaser, it shall contain a wetting agent. 3.5 Test Pressure 3.5.1 The shell test pressure shall be as listed in Table I. Table 1 --Shell Test Pressure Standard Class Shell Test Pressure* (minimum) 593 597 599 600 602 602,606 603 604 609 150,300 150 106OO 150 to 2500 150 to 2500 150, 300, 600 800 150 150, 300 150 psig (10.3 bar) See ANSI B16.5 (1968) See ANSI B16.5 (1968) See ANSI B16.5 (1968) See ANSI B16.5 (1968) See ANSI B16.5 (1968) 3000 psig (207 bar) 300 psig (20.7 bar) See ANSI BI6.5(1968) 225 psig (15.5 bar) aFor a valve not covered by the API standards referenced in this publication, the shell test pressure shall be 1 /: limes the pressure rating at 100 degrees Fahrenheit <38 degrees Celsius) rounded off to the next higher 25 pounds per square inch gage (1 bar) increment. VAB.0001098780 T - ' T A VALVE INSPECTION AND TEST Table 2--Other Test Pressures Tesl Test Pressure Backseat l ow-pressure seat High-pressure closure Butterflv \ alve seal 110ff7o Cold pressure ruling, a minimum 60 to 100 psig (4.1 to 6.9 bar) I10*o Cold pressure rating, a minimum 1 >0 psig (10 3 bar) ^Maximum allowable pressure at 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) in accordance with the applicable purchase specifica tion. 3.5.2 Other test pressures shall be as listed in Table 2. 3.6 Test Duration The required test pressure as listed in Table 3 shall be maintained for each type of test. * Table 3--Duration of Required Test Pressure Valve (NFS) 2 and smaller 21 o 6 8 lo 12 14 and larger Shell 15 60 120 300 Test Duration (seconds* minimum) Backseat 15 15 15 15 Seal and Closure 15 60 120 120 3.7 Test Leakage 3.7.1 For shell and backseat tests, no leakage is permit ted. If the lest fluid is liquid, there shall be no visible evidence of drops or any wetting of the external sur faces. If the test fluid is air or gas, no leakage shall be revealed bv the established detection method. V1 * 3.7.2 For both the low-pressure seat test and the high- pressure closure test, no leakage is permitted for resilient-seated valves for the duration of the test. For valves with metal-to-metal seats, the allowable leakage rate of the test fluid for the duration of the test is listed in Table 4. Table 4--Allowable Leakage Rate for Valves with Metai-to-Metal Seats Valve Si; (NPS) Allowable Leakage Rate3 (unifsb/mintite, maximum) 2 and smaller 21t o 6 Rio 12 14 and larger 0C 12 20 28 aThese leakage rates are not recommended for valves with closures activated by How reversal, for example, check valves. Refer 10 the ap propriate standard for the type of valve under consideration. Nt test fluid is liquid, the unit is a drop (about 480 per ounce 16 per cubic centimeter). If test fluid is air or eas, the unit is a bubble. c There >hall be zero leakage for the minimum specified lest dura tion (nlc Table 3). SECTION 4--PRESSURE TEST PROCEDURE 4.1 Shell Test 4.1.1 The shell test shall be made prior to any painting of the shell. 4.1.2 The shell test shall be made by applying the pressure inside the assembled valve with the valve ends closed, the valve partially closed, and the packing gland sufficiently tight to maintain the test pressure, thereby testing the stuffing box also. The stuffing box shall not leak during the shell test. (Packing leakage shall not be cause for rejection if the manufacturer demonstrates that the packing will not leak at the rated pressure of ti c valve.) 4.2 Backseat Test The backseat test of a gate valve shall be made by ap plying the pressure inside the assembled valve with the valve ends closed, the valve fully open, and the packing gland loose. This test may be made immediately follow ing the shell test (see 4.1.2). 4.3 Low-Pressure Seat Test 4.3.1 The low-pressure seat test3 shall be made in ac cordance with one of the following procedures: 1. For gate or plug valves and for ball and butterfly valves designed for flow in both directions, the pressure shall be applied successively to each side of the closed valve with the other side open to the at mosphere to check for leakage of the downstream side of the closure. For ball and butterfly valves designed for flow in one direction only, and so mark- The method of seat leakage testing must result in the filling and pressurizing of the body cavity between the seats and the bonnet area, as applicable, with the lest fluid to ensure that no seat leakage can escape detection because of gradual filling of these volumes during the test period. VAB.0001098781 Kd API STANDARD 598 ed on the valve, the pressure shall be applied on the upstream side of the valve only. Any leakage at the seat on the open side of the valve shall be detected by observation of bubbles when the seat is either covered with water or coated with a soap or similar solution. As an alternative, a displacement measuring device may be used providing the leakage rate is equal to that called for in this standard and has been developed by agreement between the purchaser and the manufac turer. 2. For a gate valve other than a solid wedge gate, the pressure may be applied to the shell between the seats through a tapped connection, checking both seats for leakage either simultaneously or separately. Leakage shall be detected as specified in Item 1 above. 3. For a gate valve, the pressure may be applied separately to each seat through the valve port. Leakage into the shell between the seats shall be checked as an indication of leakage at the upstream side of the gate. Alternatively, for a gate valve other than a solid* wedge gate valve over 2 NPS, this pressure may be applied simultaneously to both seats, in which case the leakage from each seat shall not ex ceed the allowable leakage for a single seat tested separately. A tapped connection in the shell, if made to permit testing procedures described in Items 2 and 3 above, shall not exceed V2 NPS and shall be fitted prior to ship ment with a solid pipe plug (per ANSI B16.ll) of a material composition equivalent to that of the valve shell or having corrosion resistance not less than that of the shell. 4.3.2 The low-pressure seat test shall be made with the seats clean and free of oil. However, if necessary to pre vent galling, the seats may be coated with a film of oil not heavier than kerosine. This requirement does not apply to a valve in which a lubricant provides the primary seal. Noth: The trapping of the test fluid in the shell between the seats and subsequent coverage of the seats with water or coating them with a soap or similar solution is not an acceptable test. 4.4 High-Pressure Closure Test 4.4.1 The high-pressure closure test4 procedure shall be the same as for the low-pressure seat test. 4.4.2 If liquid is used in testing a gate valve, the bonnet shall be full of liquid during the application of the test pressure. 4.5 End Loading Under Test During seat tests, external forces that affect seat leakage shall not be applied to valve ends. 4lhe method of seat leakage testing must result in the filling and pressurizing of the body cavity between the seats and the bonnet area, as applicable, with the test fluid to ensure that no seat leakage can escape detection because of gradual tilling of these volumes during the test period, SECTION 5 -- VALVE RETEST 5.1 Certification A completed valve is not required to be retested unless inspection by the purchaser is specified in the order. This retesting may be waived by the purchaser's inspec tor upon written certification by the manufacturer that the valve has been completely tested and conforms to the requirements of this standard. Painted valves need not have paint removed for retest. Stored valves shall be commercially dean before retest and before shipment. A F f VAB.0001098782 31 M 'h 1 H j Jl ! 4i * I llllllllllll Illlit*1 im fH f HTTTI~W~I'W*1 IWHWH iptw^i'^hh 4 tmmmmwjprw^mww T i VAB.0001098783 i