Document OELVM1eg9D6m73DJ9JDnGQ41Q

FILE NAME: ZW^W^ DATE: DOC#: W^ DOCUMENT DESCRIPTIONExcerpts - Proceedings of the International Conference of Experts on Pneumoconiois - Belgium, Czechoslavkia, France & Italy ' . . ~ .... .:, == - ~v 'Yl?//r . f. IN'fERNATIONAL LADOUH OHCAN1SATION .'I, t t .. I T.HIRD INTERNATIONAL coNFERENCE OF EXPERTS ON PNEUi10CONIOSIS c -----= --- SYDNEY FEBRUAHY MAllCH 1950 . RECORD OF. PROCEEDINGS .. VOLUME I . . INTERNAl'lONAL J.AUOUU OFFICI~ GE~EVA 1953 "..J - 325 - DrnEX (The volume is indicated by the roman numeral) Abrasive manufacturing, I, 21 Asbestosis {contd.) Abrp.sive powders, I, 171 and tuberculosis, I, 27, Abr~sives, artificial sle Carborundum, Corundum, 29, 32, 88 definition of, II, 238, Shaver's disease Actinoroycosis, II, 61 Adrenalin test, I, 44, 45; II, 30, 33 . Adrenalin, Treatment by, I, 116 . Agenda of the Conf~rence, I, 1, 4-5, 124 Alberta, compensation in, II, 245 See also Pneumoconiosis diagnosis of, I, 61 experimental, I, 27, 39 particle size, I, 27, 39, ~ : 78; II, 190 ~-C ~ ~-, pathology of, I, 181; .,,,.--- -- / . II, 69 ~ ..,-_ /(;) with silicosis , __..1r; 60 .,..7 -~- 223-225 See also under ~_etherlands, -; _,._ ~ Agglutination test, in detection Quebec---_United Kingdom,--:;=: - - of tuberculosis, I, 63 7Jru.tea State~ -.:.----- - - _L .~2- 1, Allergy, I, 300-301, 318 . Asthma.,-T, 57, 68, 318; II, Aluminium, grinding of, I, 33,. 290 34 Attack rate, I, 37, 55 Aluminium industry, pulmonary Australia disease in, standardisation of radio- See under Germany, Sweden, logical technique in, United Kingdom I, 69 Aluminium, use of in silicosis See also New South Wales, for prevention, I, 27, 29, Queensland, Tasmania, 32, 125, 296-297; II, Western Australia 140-145 for treatment, I, 29-30, 32, l 33, 115-116, 125, .297-298 i possible harmf'ul effects of, Bacteriological examination, I, 29-30, 33i 34-35, 125, I, 60, 63, 64 l 298; II, 11-12 Bagassosis, I, 8, 316-317; ! Alveolar ventilation, II, 29 II, 68 : Ankylostomiasis, I, 17, 189 Bagging of dusty substances, Anthracite mines, I, 10, 11, I, 283 ' 143, 148 Antbraco-silicosis Basalt, I, 38 Bauxite, I, 24, 77, 310; 311 See~Coalminers' pneumocon- B.C.G. treatment, I, 117, iesis 136-137 Antispasmodics, treatment by, Belgium I, 115, 116 change of employment in, Arborisation, generalised, I, I, 272-278 II, 55, 57, 58 Asbest~o~n~s;;----=--~------ coalmines, nature of, I, 285 compensation in, I, 280-231; and pu.lrnonary cancer, I, 29, 61, -3-0--1r- II, 219-222 16. (1) Wh~never a medical officer.. reports 1n writing to the Min~ster tlL~t a. mine worker named ln such report 1s suffering from silicosis either 1n the early or in the advanced stage, but that the mlne worker is not suffering from tuberculosis the M1n1ster_shall by notice in the prescribed form notify such mine ~orker Rccordingly.\ Belgium \ 1. Order of the Regent of 11 February Moniteur belgeJ._1 \ 1946 to a_2Qrove Parts I and II of the !',__Q!:._11 1946 L_p...!_J_Q.Z~ \\ General Labour Protection_B_egulations, 4 Aori 1 1946, as amended by the Ministerial Orde~ p. 31}5~ and 24-~ : of 21 May 1946 June 1946, p. 54Q2 \ r \ Part II. General Provisions Governing Industrial Hygiene and the Safety and Health of the Workers ' I I Chapter III. Provisions Governing the Health of the Workers ... ! ! ' t1 105. Health control, within the limitations and con- ditions specified in the following articles, shall include: (1) initial medical examination, before ad.mission to employment; (2) periodical examinations. following initial exam- ination, in the case of young persons less than . .. 21 years of age; .. -(~) medical examinations for the detection of occupational diseases 1n the case of workers expos~d to such diseases. 107. The following shall undergo initial medical examination:. (a) all young persons of both sexes under 21 years of age applying for any employment in an establ1shment referred to 1n Article 28 of these Regulations;. (b) all persons of both sexes aged 21 or over applying for any employment 1n the said establishments for which they will thereafter have to undergo per1od1calmed1cal examination for the detection of occupational diseases as laid dovm in ~rticle 1.18 of these Regulations;_ .. - 99_ .. (c) all persons of both sexes irrespective of age who, in the same establishment, give up work not subject to the provisions of Article 118 qelow concerning medical examlDBtion for th~ detection of occupational diseases, to take;up other work which will make them subject to ~uch t examination. ' 110. The initial medical examinations shall include i .... at least: 111. In the case of young persons of both sexes under 21 years of age, the examining physician shall order, as an addition to the clinical investigations prescribed in the preceding Article and with the object of preventing pulmonary tuberculosis, an X-ray examination of the chest, unless such examination_ has been carried out within the preceding twelve months and its results are known to him This X-ray examination shall take place before ad-.. mission to employment or at the latest within three months following the date of engagement. llJ. All young persons of both sexes under 21 years of age engaged in any work in an establishP.lent referred to in Article 28 of these Regulations shall be subjected to periodical me~ical examinations. In the case of yourig persons specified in Article ~18 below, the medical examinations shall be supplemented by. investigations for the detection of occupational diseases carried out at the same time. 116. Periodical medical examinations for young persons shall be made under the same conditions and with the same objects as the initial medical examination. They shall consist of clinical and X-ray examinations and advice shall be given on the person's health as prescribed in Articles 110 and 111 above 118. All workers of both sexes, irrespective of age, engaged 1n work which actually exposes them to occupational diseases shall be periodically subjected to medical examination for the detection of such occupational diseases. -~ These medical examinations shall take place from the da~e on which the persons concerned commence work or on the date of coming into force of these Regulations, whichever 1s the later; 119. Medical examinations for the detection of occupational diseases shall include a general cl1n1cal exam1nation and, where necessary, such special clinical tests as ~ay be required by the nature -of the diseases - 100 - However, when the examining physician considers such special tests unnecessary to form his opinion he r::i.ay, after consultation with the .Medical Inspector_ of Labour, exempt the workers from them except in the case of X-ray exam 1nat lon of the lungs for the detect ion ol pneuuiocont- osis. , t X-ray examination of the lungs shall, in principle, i consist of a radioscoplc exaolnation or miniature radiograph of these organs; the examining physicians may not order a full-sized radiograph except where they regard it as indispensable to the establishment of their diagnosis. 120. The examining physician shall make a report on the medical examination for the detection of occup2tional diseases, as mentioned in Article 139 of these Regulations, taking into account any clinical information he may have obtained in.applying Article 119 above. 133. Examinations for the detection of pleumoconiosis shall be carried out in the following industries and occupations among the workers and with the periodicity ind1- cat~d~oppos1te them. I _, 1 ~- The general clinical examination of the persons con- -cerned shall be suppleraented by a radioscopic examination or a miniature radiograph, or, where necessary, by a fullsized radiograph of the lungs, unless such radiological investigation 1s required in the course of a concomrnittant periodical examination for young persons, in conformity with Articles 111, llJ, and 116-of these Regulations. Industries and occupations Workers liable for examination Periodicity of medical examination Ceramic tile fact- Workers exposed to First examination ories. dust with a silica within two years of content. cor.imenc 1ng work I then regularly every two years. ' Factories manufact- urlng refractory do. do. articles. Pottery factories. do. do. Chlna :factories. do. do. Crucible factorie.s. . do do. . Industries and occupations - .LVJ. - Workers liable for examination Periodicity of medical examination Cleaning of castings lef fec ted by compJessed air, by handJJet or by rotary table bl~sting machine. Workers engaged on these operations as well as those exposed to the dust liberated by them. F1rst exa1!llnatifn within two year~ of coaunenc ing work; then regularly every two years. Various sandblast- ing operations (application of sand) by compressed air, by hand-jet or do. do. rotary table mach- ine; glass frosting, scouring of metal- lic and other parts, etc. Chiselling and fet- tling by pneumatic chisel of uncleaned do. or incompletely cleaned castings. Grinding or fet- do. tling by grindstone. do. do. I I , Glass-cutting by Workers in crystal grindstone. and glass factories engaged in the cut- gtilnagss oafscwryeslltaalsand do. those exposed to the dust liberated by these processes. Dressing of grind- Workers exposed to stones. dust with a silica do. content. Sand:-crush1ng. Workers engaged on these operations as well as those ex- do. posed to the dust. therefrom. Manufacture of Workers exposed to pvraoridouucsts ccleoanntianing- dcounsttaoinrinpgroidtu.cts do. ing silica powder. Industries and occupations - .l.Vt'.. - Workers liable for examination Periodicity of medical exarninRtion Open-cast quartzite, sandstone, s1lex, schist, slate and riovaculite {razor-stone) quarries. Workers exposec;i to dust with a silica content. - First ~Tam1nat1on within ~wo years of COr.li!18TIC1ng work, then regularly every two years . Factories manufacturing asbestos rcaterials or objects,or those containing asbestos. Workers exposed to asbestos dust.- do. Building or repair- Workers engaged in ing of industrial brick-cutting opera- fu~naces made of tions as well as do. fire-brick. those exposed to the dust therefrom. I : . , - 1 1J9. On the occasion of each me~ical examination which the worker must undergo under the terms of this section the employer shall give him, free of charge, a aworkers' health control form"~ entitled "Report on the initial medical examination, the periodical examination for_young persons, of the examination for the detection of.qccupational disease", which 1s to be given to the exam1ntng phys~ c1an. In the course of an initial medical examination the employer shall also supply the worker with a ahealth book" if he does not posses one 147 Workers found by the examining physician to be suffering from a disease resulting from their work shall be suspended frora such work immediately and at least until their recovery when it 1s clear that they could not continue their work without a progressive aggravation of their state of health. Where circurastances permit, they shall ln the meanwhile be given alternative work in the ~ establishment employing them which will not be liable to prevent or retard their recovery. I II ' ' t I I 1 I ! "i' ).I l t I I t I -. i I I .. .. CzcchoGlovak!a Act respect1~ational Insurance. Dated 15 April 1948 L. ~~__1948 Cz. 1-A 78. (1) Occupational diseases srEll be trea~d in i the same -way as industrial accidents. Theexpres~ion ; noccupat1onal diseasen means any disease listed 1~ the JI Schedule to this Act if it results from employment in the undertakings given in the Schedule opposite the particular disease. Schedule {Section 78r Serial No. Occupational disease Undertakings (subsection {]_), of sec- tion )8). 27 Pneumocon1os1s due to dust.con- taining silica or iron (s111- cosis, s1deros1s) where the clinical functional disorders are confir~ed by typical radiological indicatlons. If : accompanied by pulmonary tuber- _:_ ' ; 1 culos1s, the tuberculosis shall 1 28 ,_ be treated as pnewnoconlosis for purposes of compensation. Pneumocon1oa1s due to dust con- Iv~/~ _,,,,.....-----------.....,___ ~ 27-29. f I I . ~ : . ~ I I,.,' it f- cos1s, s1deros1s) in conjunc- in nhich insured / tion with active pulmonary persons are ex- / -29 -t'uberculosis. . \ posed to the ,,/ Pneumoconiosis due to asbestos dust {asbestosis) - ' risk. / ~-~ (a) where the clinical func- tional disorders are con- .firmed by typical radio- logical indications; (b) in conjunction with can- cer of the lungs. Denmark ~ 1. Act No. 183, respecting insurance against th~ conseouences of . accidents. Dated 20 May 191) L. S., 19JJ Den. 5. .. l. (1) If a person insured in pursuance of this Act t, meets With an accident whic11 reuuce~ ni.ti tc1J.111..i10 vu.~---~.:.~~~ - 236 - \ or temporarily or permanently, he shall be the consequences the accident in the the extent provided for in this Act 1n8ured against manner and to (J) If it is ascertained that an insured person is suffering from any of the diseases specified in the Schedule belmr and he has been employed in one of the i industries or processes indicated in the schedule oppo- i site the dise~se in question, and if it can reasonably . be assumed that the disense is due to his employment in i the said industry or process, the disease and the'con- sequenc~s thereof shall give right to corapensat1on in conformity with this Act 2. Ministry of Social Affairs Notification No. 149 of the Act resDecting insurance against the conseauences of accidents. Dated 23 March 1948 L.S.J 19l~8 Den. 1 [Revised Schedule] .. I . l .. i I . Diseases I Pulmonary diseases due to inhalation of stone dust and minerals. Occupations, industries and processes . All trades and employments covered by the Accident Insurance Act. i ~ ~ i . r .J . ... France Act No. 46-2426 respecting the prevention of, and compensation for industrial accidents and occunational diseases. Dated 30 October 1946 L.S., 1946 Fr. 12 Part VI. Special Provisions Applying to Occupational Diseases. 70. Subject to the provisions of thls Part, the provisions of this Act shall apply to diseases of an occupational origin . . 71. Schedules appended to the public administrative regulations shall 11st the morbid symptoms of acute or chronic poisoning displayed by employees habitually exposed to the actions of the noxious substances men- tioned in the said schedules. which shall contain by way of a guide a 11st of the prl.nc1pal processes involving the handling or use of the said substances. Such morb1<l symptoms sha~l be presumed to be of occupational or1g1n . I - 237 - .. 2. De~ree No. 46-295J_--9_f_Jl December Journal offic1el, 194__, to is sue oubl 1c admi~-i~t-r~_t i ve 1 January 1947, ~lations under Act No. 46-2426 of i~eo~--- JQ. Octob-er-1_246--r~-snect v ent ion of_, ~AY_!Ile:nt of co1i1uensa- ~ - 1_9~ _L S l_l_:]j_Q - Fr. 10-A: J-o-ur-na-l officielJ 21 Octo- t t ion forJ industrial accidents and ber 195h__:p_.__]-_05_81_ 2ccup2.tional_~Jsease~J? amende~ I De__g_Tee No.__..5_0-1Q_82 of J.l AuP:ust 1950 and Decree No. 51-1215 of _J October 1951 1J2. The schedules contained in Article 71 of the Aot of JO October 1946 are annexed to the present Order. 25. Occupational Silicosis Diseases caused by inhalation of dust containing free silica (Si02 ) Period of liability for compensation: five years (subject to the provisions of the Decree provided for in section 75 of the Act ~f JO October 1946) Diseases produced by free silica dust Operations liable ~o,give , rise to the disc'ases Silicosis: pulmonary fibro- Operations exposing the sis due to inhalation of worker to the inhalation of dust contai~i~..g free s111~ dust containing free silica, ca, where there is radio- in particular: logical evidence accompani- drilling, cutting, extrac- ed by disorders (dyspnoea . tion of ore or rock con- and frequently bronchor- taining free silica; roea and cough) confirmed crushing, breaking, screen- by functional examination ing and handling of ore of the respiratory tract. or rock containing free Cardiac complications: hyposystol1a or asystolia silica in a dry state; cutting and polishing of caused by weakness of the .: right ventricle. rock containing free silica; Tuberculous complications: manufacture and handling silicosis appearing in of abrasives, cleaning- teleradiography by.at powders or other products least large-scale nodular containing free silica; mottling, complicated by marrufacture o~ carborundum, pulmonary tuberculosis, glass, porcelain, falence, confirmed bacter1olog1- etc., and fireproof pro- c a l l y . d u c t s ; L.-_ _ _ _ _ _ _1--_ _ _ _ _ __i___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. _ .. 2J8 Diseases produced by free silica dust Operations liable to give rise to the disease Non-tuberculous pulmonary work in foi.indrics. involv- complication: spontaneous ing exposureto sand dust pneuraothorax. {stripping, fettling, cleaning of castings); dry-grinding, polishing, . t sharpening with wheels ,. ' using free silica; sand- blasting or polishing. / JO. Occupational Asbestosis Diseases caused by inhalation of asbestos dust It . ~ Period of liability for compensation: five years {sub- ject to the provisions of Decree 47-2201 of 17 November 1947.~-) . I _, Diseases produced by , I asbestos dust Occupations liable to.give rise to the diseases Asbestosis: bronchopulmonary fibrosis due to the inhalation of asbestos dust, where there is radiological evidence accompanied by disorders ~ (dyspnoea and cough) con- firmed by functional tests of the respiratory system and the presence of asbestos bodies inthe sputum. Cardiac complications: hyposystolia and asystolia due to right ventricular deficiency. - Work involving exposure to the inhalation of asbestos dust, in particular: drilling, cutting, extraction of ore or rock containing asbestos; crushing, breaking, screening or handling of ore or rock containing asbestos by dry methods; asbestos carding, spinning and weaving; application of asbestos by spray methods; handling of asbestos by dry methods in the following industries: {a) manufacture of asbes- tos cement; (b} mrurufacture of asbes- tos-r~bber joints; (c) marrufacture of friction and brake linings; ( d) manufacture of asbes- tos cardboard and paper l i -,,. , I ; ,: J I - 244-> 79. (1) The Minister may by scheme provide for payment of compensation by the employers of workmen 1! any specified industry or process or group of 1ndustrJ or processes involving exposure to silica dust - (a} who are certified in such manner as may be appointed by the scheme to have suffered de~ or total disablement from the disease known as fibroid phthisis or silicosis of the lung (in this section referred to as silicosis) or from that disease accompa~ied by tuberculosis; or {b) who, though not totally disabled, are found on medical examination.to be suffering from silicosis, or from silicosis accompanied by tuberculosis, to such a degree as to make it dangerous to contlrme work in the industry or p~ocess, and are for that reason suspended from employment. (2} The scale of compensation fixed by the scheme in the case of death or total disablement due to silico: - or silicosis accompanied by tuberculosis shall be that / fixed by this Act and 1n any other case shall be such a~ may be fixed by the scheme; I. I I .: "'- . ' I ,. ''1 I ~: 1: 1. . .. 2. Royal Decree No. 1765. to issue provisions respecting compulsorI insurance against industrial acc1~ents a~d occupational diseases. Dated 17 August 1935 h~!.912 It. 8 2. Insurance shall cover all cases of accident due to a violent cause 1n connection with employment and resulting 1n death or permanent total or partial incapacity for work or temporary total incapacity J. Insurance shall likewise be compulsory with respect to the occupational diseases specified 1n the schedule appended to this Decree which are contracted 1n the course of and as a result of the.processes specif1Ad in the said schedule, in so far as the said processes ar included among those specified 1n section 1 . Act No. 455 to extend compulsory. insurance against occupational diseases to cover a111cos1s and asbestosis.. D2ted 12 April 1943 - XXI 1. The compulsory insurance against diseases provided for by section J of the L.S 1943 It. 1 occupational Royal Decree - 245 .. . 1765 of 17 August 1935 - XIII, shall be extended to c]loov. er silicosis and asbestosis where these diseases are contracted 1n the course of and as a result of the processes specified in the Schedule appended to this Act ~nd 1n so far as the processes in question may be deemed to be included amongst those specified in section 1 of the aforesaid.Decree : 2. The special provisons laid down in this Act shall apply to silicosis and asbestosis, without prejudice to compliance with the provisions relating to accidents and other occupational diseases, 1n so far as they are applicable. J. For the purposes of this Act, silicosis shall be deemed to mean a pulmonary fibrosis, whether. complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis or not, which is caused by inhalation of dust of silicon dioxide in a free state; and manifests itself in particular by bronchitis and ' . emphysema and repercussion on the circulatory apparatus.:and, on radiological examination, by diffusion of m1liariform nodular shadows, whether confluent o~ not. 4. For the purposes of this Act, asbestosis shall be deemed to mean a _pulmonary fibrosis which 1s caused by inhalation of asbestos dust and manifests itself in particular by the.presence of "asbestos corpuscles 11 in the alveoli, bronchioles and interstitial connective; ; tissue, accompanied by tracheobronch1t1s and emphysema, and on radiological examination by veiling of the :p..ilmonary field or striations or reticular formations, more or less marked, particularly diffuse at the bases. Schedule of processes for which insurance against silicosis and asbestosis is compulsory and the maximum period within which compensation 1s payable after the cessation of the employment. Diseases . ,t: Silicosis whether associated with tuberculosis or not. Processes . (a) Work in underground mines and quarries and in tunnels; work 1n open cast mines and quarries with a111ceous rock. Maximum period within which compensation 1s payable after cessation of employment Ten years. (Silicosis continued) J ! l . I ~I l .. ' I I I, t . II i III 11.; n J.. V4.l .LlJ. nl 1.J..VAI. coopensat1on is payable after cessation of employment (b) Crushing, grinding and manipulation of siliceous rock, quartz or silicecus sand and siliceous abrasives. / (c) EY-trection, cutting, working up, preparation,. polishing, grinding and adaptation for work of sandstone, granite and other siliceous material. 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