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4. 63 safety ENGINEERING STANDARD RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT <$suo THIS PAOf CVISI0 JAN 19*4 OCT 1940 S2 H STANQAUD n|AF*MMC0 o MOl Pag* 1 of 9 1971 Tv: 5 iuccara mcljdai raquixmam* ol In* Oeeupauonai Sixty and Haalth Act of 1970 (OSHAj at pubixnaq In tna Radaral Rogistor. OSha .nfarmaiion it primed rad. juj!3 If t! iI t Wa ss 53 Cl ti ! ;? U n >> 1. SCOPE Tin* iiamlariJ proviiiri information for the teleetion, u*r. anil care of reapirttnry protective equipment Irixpiratora). Tlie term "reapirator" in ihn atandard it u*cd incluaively anil appliea to atmoaphere-aupplytng and ii--piirtfying device! that provide breathable air to the vn-arer within the limit! of the equipment, whatever die ourcr of air. Thii atandani doet nut apply for eapoiure to ai -borne radioactive contamination for which apecial conaidrration may be nccraaary. 2. GENERAL 2.1 Krapiraiora *io>uld not la- uw-tl a* a aulmitutr for j< I'tpinu* rvliau-l w-ntiiaL.m or otlo-r t-ngllM-cring control inrihtoiv 2.Z Reapiratora ahall be worn at all timea where the atmiwphere may lie harmful to employee! due to unutual condition!, and where work ia neceuary in contaminated or oxygen>dcficient. confined areaa. 2.2.1 When the air ia deficient in oxygen, the aympliana range from incrriaed volume of breathin| and ac celeration of pulae rate to uneonaeiouaneaa and death, iifpending upun oxygen contem and the degree of a peri f* activity. Uncanaeiotiariaaa la Immadlata whan a iruin braathaa pur* nltrogan and daath may lollaw In a two mlnuta*. 2.2.2 An oxygen defieieney may indicate a haaard other than inert gu; e.g.. nammability (tee 4.6), tkin tiniieity. or abaorption through tha akin, particularly hydrogen cyenide. Threahoid limit valuta (TLV'a) of air co-itaminanta are given in S2T. Portable oxygen and toitic-gaa detector* are covered in S3T. 2.1 Pure oxygen dull not be uaed in open circuit, aelf contained, atmoaphcre-auppiying reapirator*, or in aie-iine tyse reapirator*. 2.U A cloacil circuit (rebreathing) ayatem recirculate! exhaled air. make* up oxygen and remove! undeiinble gaiet tueh at carbon dioxide. Pure oxygen muat be uaed with tlteae lyttema. Syatema approved by the National Ramona or*aaa awn from 0*ha mquMioflt. Saeuon 1*10.13* Inatitute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) which utiliae a high-preaaure cylinder for oxygen may be uaed. Cioaed circuit oxygen generating type equipment hall not be uaed. 2.5 Each location dull develop written pmrndure* covering the aeieetion, uae. and maintenance of reapirator*. 3. APPROVED RESPIRATORS XI Only equipment approved by the National Inatitute for Occufutional Safely and Uc*lth/Mine_Stfrty Health Admimatration (NIOSH/MSHA) ahali lie uaed. 3.1.1 Iteapirntnr* purchatod after Saptambar 30, 1974 thill lie manufactured per quality runtrui plan ap. proved under Title 30, Code of Federal Regulation*. Hart 11. Such equipment will beer en approval label bearing the letter! "TC" inatrad of "BM." 3.1.1.1 Exeopttena. Sclfontained lireithina apfMrstu* sppmvtd by Bureau of Mine* under Schedule 13 through 13 --E equipped with an audible life indicator and gu maiki approved hy Bureau of Mine* under Schedule 14F arc approved for uae until further' notice proviiied they (1) were fabricated. a*emliled. nr built under an approval or any modification thereof iaaued by the L'. S. Bureau of Mine*. Department of thr interior. (2) were purehaied on or before June 30. 197S. and (3) are maintained in an approved condition. 3.2 A Hit of the retpiratort and their manufacturer*, certified by NIOSH may be obtained by requeating HEW Publication No. NIOSH 75-119 plue cumulative nippiemtnu from: NIOSH Tearing and Certification Laboratory 944 Chaautut Ridga Read Morgantown, WV 24505 Divirion of Technical Service* NIOSH Robert A. Tall Laboratorie* 4616 Columbia Parkway Cincinnati, OH 4S226 DUP 0960535 Vandar! an* nxrchandii* dattfnariana art gi*n i* daserik* oaiarlalr tad may net inclvd* all accaarakla *r**w*ti. Swkantuiiani ky luaplttr* art t* kc mad* nly an aaaraval at iha lacai awfhar.ry initiaim* tK* aaa af rhla alandard. tUtCOMWVTCt * it DU 040745 &aH P*9 2 RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT JANUARY 1944 This Page Rav Oet 19*0 3.3 4'. tlir proeni time, there re no ipprovtl ichedulea for nr.aupplird suits. 3.4 A Iim of thr several type* of respiratory protective equipment. mrthmi of operation, use, limitations, and remarks t" ghrn ftrTable 1. For additional information in thi* re*ard. refrrenre ahouid be made to: "Practices for Reapiratory Protection," ANSI Z88.2. American National Standards Inatitute. lne. 1430 Broadway, New York. NY 10014 Rrspiratorv Protective Equipment. Data Sheet D-444, National Safety Council. 42S North Michigan Avenue. Chicago. IL 60611 "Respiratory Protection Program. A Manual and Guideline," American Industrial Hygiene Assoeiatinn. 475 Wolf Ledgea Parkway. Akron. Oil 44311 4. USES AND LIMITATIONS 4 1 l seri of respiratory protective equipment ahall have medical approval. 4.2 The alr.purltying respirators: La- canister gee masks, chemical cartridge resplretora, and mechani cal niter respirators (Table 1C) shad not bo ueed tor rescue work, or tor amorgeney work ol any nature. This is lieeause these, respirators do not supply oxygen and therefore >lo not protect against possible oxygtn deficien cies. Other reasons for this requirement are that: a. Gas masks are intended for use with no more than 2 percent by volume of moat toxic gases. d. If any leakage ii detected by smell, taste, eyes, nose or throat irritation. e. If high braathing resistance develops. 4.4 Air purifying reapiraiors should not be used in atmoapherea immediately dangerous to life and health or when the contaminant has poor warning properties, ex* eept for escape. 4.4 Users ahouid aelect eaniateri and cartridge! spedfleaily approved for the toxic gas and concentration to be encountered. Canister mailu that bear the label "AllService,"" "All-Purpose." or "Universal" ahouid not be used for a speeifte gas or vapor if a eaniater is available for that specific gas or vapor. 4.1 Although self-contained breathing apparalut or com. binalion air-line and self-contained breathing apparatus have no concentration limit in regard to toxicity, many toxic gases and vapors are flammable and the user could be exposed to a potential fire or txplouon. The 2-prrcent concentration limits approved for toxic gia removal with canister.type masks is within the flammable range for some gases. Work in atmospheres in or near the flam, mable range is prohibited. When the possibility of flam, mable atmospheres exists, a cheek should be made with an txploaimeter and permiasable concentrations confirmed prior to entry. Standard F6J provides information and instructions for uao of portable flammable vapor and gat detectors. 4.7 Reapiratory protection is required for cancer suspect agents. Refer la OSHA regulations for specific require ments, Section 1910.1000 serioa, and to S2T. s b. Chemical cartridge respirators are intended for u-e m sianificantly lower toxic get concentrations than esmsier gas masks. Limits vary from O.OS percent meitmum tn 0.1 percent maximum. 4.4 An uneonuminited supply of air must be assured when using a hose mask with blower. 4. SELECTION 4.3 The following warning signs require immediate return to fresh air: . Ij nrnmfortable heat in the inhaled air. (A properly operating canister will become warm on ex posure in rertain gases nr vapors, but a canister which Is-rnmes extremely hnt indicatri that concentrations atmvr thr cam*tcr limit have been encountered.) b. If nausea, diuineaa or signs of distress develop. e. If the ramster has a window indicator which hows the specified color change. 4.1 In selecting a respirator, the following factors (S.l 5.1.8.1) and Tables 1 and 2 should be considered. Engineering Dept Report. Accession No. IS 167 "Respir. ator Selection." also will provide guidance. a. Nature of the hatard b. Severity of the hatard e. Typo of contaminant d. Concentration of the contaminant O. Period protection is required f. Location of the contaminated area withjespect to a source of respirable air Semens wmad m id s-a m OSMA eegulMena. Section IttaiOOO ' CDNFfDENTIAl <*Ufc> DUP 0960S36 REV. OCT i i i i Ii i i DU 040746 S5U JANUARY 194* TiiIt Pag* R*v Oct' 1960 RESPIRATORY protective equipment S2H Pag* 3 . . g. Expected activity of the wearer 1.1.7 Fir* Fighting. Dae telf-contained breathing 1 h. 0|irrilr)t eharacteriatici tml limitauona ot the available reapiratora ' appftatua with' at lent a 30-minute air aupply. Unit dull be the prewure demand type. _ i S.1.S Schedule 13 of the U. S. Bureau of Minea I. Safety regulation* of aute or loctl prtrmemi . on aelf-eonUmed breathing apparatua rtquirta a re 511.1 Srlficnmeined breathing apparatua rtied for al Iraat .V).minute aemce time ahould be uaed for rrury m il in irrrapiralilr itmoiphere. maining aervice-life indicator or warninglor eomprtwed breathing air (except for aelf-roeeue). Some equipment now on plant) may not have theae alarma. Theae can and hould be obtained from equipment auppliera for ap- 3.1.2 Srlfrannlained breathing tpptntu* with leu paratua not ao equipped. thin i 30-minute air aupply thill be uted only for erjirrfrnry'egreai md not for reacue work or reentry lT-S.1.3 Operating time for elf*contained ippirttut i* baaril on inmlrratr work ratet. Operating time i reduced by ineretted rrapiration required by heavy exertion. 3.1.4 Only tail-contained breathing apparitua. or eohibinatlon alr-llna rtiplrtlor and (*ll<ontainad breathing apparatua, mail be uaad In oiygan-dalielam atnoapharaa or whara the contaminant It, or might ba. Immediately dtngaroua to III*. The air in the aelf. contained unit of the combination air-line reapirator and elf-contiinetl breathing apparatua ahall be uaed only for egrraa In event the hote-line aupply of air ia interrupted The Volume of thia exit aupply may vary for difTrrtnt ap. plirationa. but ahall he ample to allow the worker auf. ficient air to eacape from the contaminated area. In any ra>e. thia aupply ahall not bo lean than 3 minutea. Conailtration ahould be given to uaing oniy poaitive prtaaure uqita. I.1J.1 When the device ia a combination wlfcontained breathing apperatua and air-line reapirator faupplied-air reapirator). either a manual or automatic valvo(a) ahall bo provided to change to tho aelf-conuintd air aupply if the eir-line aupply faila, and to prevent the wearer breathing eonlaminated air from the outaide itmoiphere. If a manual vaiva it provided, it ahall ba daily operable and located in a poaition which it con venient to the wearer. If *n automatic valve ia provided, a warning alto ahall be provided to alert the wearer that ha it breathing from the aelf-eontained air wppiy. (1) when hit normal air.llne aupply faila, or (2) when the aelfeontained air tupply faila below 9S percent of it* full con tainer prewure. A quick diiconnecl and check valve ahall be provided between the apparatua and the eir.line aupply hoat to permit ready aaeapo from tho arta. and to prevent low of breathing air from the device or inhaling tha turrounding atmoaphere, respectively. 6. SRIATHINQ AIR 4.1 Both puichaaed and manufactured breathing air .- 5.1.3 Kacape maaka art uaed only while the wearer hail meet or axeerd the requirement! of the pacification Iruvea a contaminated area. They are approved under hubpari 1. 30 CFR Part 11 and have a half maak firepirtiT"or a mouthpiece. Where eye irritation ia a eon- for Grade D breathing air at described in Comprewwd Gaa Awociatkm Commodity Specification G-T.l-1996*. See ubie below for Grade D analyxia nanmary, and G-7.1 for icrratinn. a full facepiece ahould be taed. For eacape or emergency purpoaea from unknown concentration! of extrrmrly haxartloua atmoapherea (any gai or vapor having a tiled lethal concentration LC SO of lew than 10 ppm), a prbaaure demand aclf-contiined breathing apparatua or combination prewure demand anpplied air reapirator with pMaaurr demand aelf-contiined breathing apparatua ahall be uaed. 3.1.8 Entry Maaka. Uat aelf-eomained breathing apjaralua with at leaat a 30.minut* air wppiy or a com* bitution aupplied air reapirator with aelf-eontained deuila including tempting and analytical procedural. OM o2 CO CO, HyAmrtow (ronmwmd) H,0 N* >ie*tWng Ab Analyata 19 paleant Oka ta 23 percent meat 20 ppm mat 1.000 ffm mat 5 mg/m1 Dm* pmirt Wm than tha pfhabit >tmptfitart ta ba noMUtrtd Balanot hn-athina air apparatua. Unit ahall be of the prewure Odor Fm of pevnowed odan th-mand type. The entry maaka ahould be located outaide of the potentially affected area in a noneontaminatad area an-l prn|irrly iiientificd and protected. t Sra SIT far kata ae dim raalira pawaaklr airvwi aMirtrw. Thia e nrerwary w* prawn* ffMia.ap id aappaae at air flaw ta ikt maak. Far laWra rater ta "Haaidkaak af Caaaprawr. Cart" t . * , . - * a,mania Irani Conwwaad Gw Awoelailon Inc. 109 Finn tara. New tern, NY 10030 enwii r-nwo inain tram OfaaA raevtatwna. Sacitan lilQ.134 DUP 0960S37 I I i i i I j DU 040747 ;' sCT'afjo.j-..iii^.j.fc*^.a:. j ..;..^b^.r:Bi-;w'-^g:!.B^w^|||ii|||r---tunm ^iSiiaBSiMK" s:h P9* * RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT JANUARY 1154 This P9 P*v Oct 19B0 6.2 * rrh|.lr ig|*phpr ihouM be ehonen. Visit hi* fjr111. m <4*tpnntiv* His deprre of eimtrol over thr ]f n air rnmprrMor is u*rd* it should be nnti,t.M ,i*<1 If t luhnctted eomprestor is used, it snut hix- ttti^n monmidr nr high temperature (or both) si if Aro^j*i rnnueu should be made to assure equip* mrr. m p'(rdurr have not ehan|ed. 63 I .'."certified breathing air should be pur* rhi*' 1-"rr i rel i*||e supplier. If a choice has to be made "-Mif sir from a questionable supplier and urv cr-tif.*c >f fiom s reliable supply, the latter would be the rwnn.mended choice. 6 < !*** nrx.nr tf Lhr air is provided by compression or r*rr>Mi.t^uwn imitini nitrogen and oaygen) and analyte a- foI io we*n?o el f .nr--- -upphrr (i * * t> fi * rx)irrr * .? *.. **!* oiivf th* ( - -upplirr ft r*i ** ir * f it h ji** mn*r iKan er H-rd^tiituiinn Anafytia Recommend Cheek 10 pefeent ef cylinder, from each let for ppm CO *nd odor. Analyte all cylinder* for prreent Oj. Check 10 p*rcm of eyiindrr* from rich Im for ppm CO and odor. Awlyw all cylinder* for pnena Oj. Chock 10 percent of cylinder* from each Im for ppm CO nd odor. . 8.5 In arldiiinn complete ontlyiii ahotild be con ducted periodically to assure compliance with tabic in6.1. 7. PRECAUTIONS 7.1 An extensive lial of in*Unction* in use ond pri-ruunn* fo- each type of respirator if liven in ANSI Zii Z somr pnrcaution* ore given in Table 1 under hradin*. nf L miration* and Romarka. 7.2 The manufacturer'* imtmetiona or precaution* of thr A Nil .laniard ahould be pooled with the respiratory drvier 7.3 Ail parson* who may hava occasion lo uta rotpirotory diivieoo, or eaus* thorn to b* utad, shall b* properly trained In thdlr go*. Also, in txoeuden of plant Hiaa.trr ulana. pmpnr training in oar nf mpiratory pmiiviive i-quipmrnt will aid in thr prrformanee of mtnoth and aafe rrrue or rrpair operotiona. AUo. drmandtype *ir*upjiied respirators and demand* typr seif*conuinrd respirators operate under negative pressure when the wearer inhales. Sinee some inward leaWag* of contaminant may be possible, these types provide much leas protection. When purchasing new air* supplied, self-contained or combination type, pressure* demand should be specified. 7.4.1 A praaaura-damand typo aelf-oonuinod roapirator or air-aupplied combination .alf-containcd ahould b uaed in atmoapherea conuiniag eentaminanta which carv not be detected by imell or where apecial precaution* muit be uken to prevent the wearer from inhellng any trace of contaminant. In thi. type equipment, a mull positive pretiure it maintaintd inaidc the facepiece at all time*, auch that if a leak ahould develop, there would be no leakage of contaminant into the faeepieee. 7.S A proper aval cannot ba oatabllahad H the tample bara ol ayo glaaaaa extend through tha aaallng odgo of tull-tae* matka. 7.8 Contaet lenoaa thall not be worn with Full-face matka. See S4H. 7.7 All eyepieeee in full-face maeka approved by the Bureau of Mine* will paaa the bell drop teal, but come plaatic eyepiece# may aet paaa tha needle drop text (S4H). Current schedules of the Bureau of Mine*, however, require that cyopioeaa ahall meet the pertinent require ment* for impact and penetration ipocifiod in th* moot recont ANSI 7.17.1 Safety Cod* for Eye Protaction. 7.7.1 FulUfcec m**k* boro boon derolopod arith yotema for mounting corrective lonoea inaide the facepiece. Contact th* manufacturer* for asiisunee. 74 Major problem* in the uee of full-ftc* maolu at low temperatures are poor visibility and frooting of exhala tion valves. Antifog compound* can be uaed to coat the inaide and outside of the eyepiece to prevent its fogging down to about 32*F. Balow 0*F, however, antifeg com pound will not prevent severe fogging. Antifog compounds break down and require reapplication periodically. 7J A half-mask faeepieee ahould not interfere with the wearer'* uae of ipcctacle* or goggle*. Proper selection of equipment normally will eliminate any problem of proper fit when tutttg a combination of half-math faetpitea and > oacuclao or goggles. 7.10 Person* required to wear respirators mutt he clean shaven in th* area of the respirator acal. 7.4 A aliaht negative prea.urc occurs inaide the faeepieee of f*er.fitting air-purifying respirators (Table 1C). Care mini he takra to obtain an effnrtivr acal between the faerptrer and face to prevent inward contaminant leakage. rVii -- .*to * OSha 'efui-M.cn*. Section into'3^ 7.11 Conventional reapiratort do not oonadtute an ab solute barrier to transmission of spoteh. Tha respirator exhalation valve usually provide* a satisfactory pathway for speech tranomiasioa over short dlatancoo in relatively CO'J !\ I lu'w.i 4 -i !*tl OUP 0960538 REV. -IHN 1982 + 66 DU 040748 S2 H 1 ----- -------------------------- c RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT JANUARY 1K4 \ TAELE 1 - TYPE* OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (CONTO ON PAGE T) \ Table 1A - Ak>SugpMd tun Method at 0(*ralleri Ait supply 'tram *uppiied-sir breathing apparaiui Sat SiH on air-distribution system. UM Opprilmg o> rtput work where mart it exposure to sub* antes mat art irritating or corrosive to tnt skin and mucous mampranas. out wnara tna atmospnara It not tnmadiaiaiy aangtrout to lila It immaoiataly atngarout io hie tnt ratpirttory aquipmant inouM) oa provtdad at in 5.1.4 and the eir-kupphed tuit mould bt kept with a tlignt potnlva pratturt In any eata tna tir supply mould not be lats man IS minuias to allow tha workar tulticlant air to escape from tnt eoniaminatad area A body htmatt it required lo handle tnt note line and the life lint, whien always mould Pa worn at a rescue dance Helper (wearing similar airsupplied suit, body har ness. and life line) mould be assigned with no otner duties than To observe the man in tna hazardous area, attend me lite line and m emergency, ask lot netp and be ready to rescue tna workar (Sea S1SGI Umftattoni Tna wearing ot an impervious amt lor any astenoed period is extremely fatiguing and dangerous uniats H la wall ventilated Tna suit mutt be impervious to tna substance en countered. With tna longest note length tor vrhicn use is intended assembled to tna respirator, and me lowest inlet pressure intended lor operation introduced to tna atr-tuopty nose constant flow units must deliver at least 4 dm measured at me tacapieca Tna exhalation resistance m 85 mere per minute mail not exceed t men ot water, whan hairnets or hoods are uses, tna same requirements must be met except mat tna how rale must be at least 5 ctm. For bom types ot assemblies with me hignest inlet pressure and shonest nose lengtn. me maximum now snail nol exceed 15 ctm Remarks No NIOSH* approval For additional information. see Fleming. A J.. O'Alonzo. C A . and 2app, J. A.. "Modern Occupational Medicine.' Cnapier 7, "Protective Clothing lor me Chemical industry." tea and Feblger. Philadelphia (i960) A Ranque-Hilach vortex tube** worn as a portable refrigerator can aatislactoniy cool com pressed air lor personnel wearing industrial protective clothing The vortex tube is tight and small, and can be strapped to the bell where it does not interfere with physical movement The tube operates on 20 to 25 elm el compressed air at 50 to 100 pei and delivers IS to IS elm ol air cooled SO to t0*F below the mlei air temperature. The tube can be reversed and usad as a neater. * Ngnii ktstitut* to Oocuto**i Safety art* Haaim. u 9 Dapi of Haaiih. tevscaiian vs Wairart Availtdt* from Encoft MvHjfacnxin-; Comotny P O tot MH-T* HoutiOA. TX 77001 : f. ." .... wt' * * ,. I q a * J ^ -5 CCK.RDIfv'.TIAL. DUP 0960540 DU 040750 JANUARY 67 Thl Raga RV Oct 1M0 RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT I2K Paga 7 Utl S ii1 mill 1**4 HliJ jlfll iiiiiilp Msii I I ilia 111S I if -ifift1 !.1 iiiijiii ll:il lillil; liijjii n ia- m tlilj i!s! I! 1! Hill X o o w ll ll ii! ill eu ' !>llt-j? 9< iiiji! ip sill ill! CD aa < !!u asm !{ il iiil!l 5 ll !'i! <? i 1| s Ii] Mil Ut* :tia !i| Ii I H* il DUP 0960541 DU 040751 -TABU 1 TVM B OF REBPMATOHV FMOTCCDVe KOMFWNT (COHTO FfMMfl FAOC 7) DU 040752 1i7 DU 040753