Document O3J4aZLjxVYd7ax7vyO7oZ3Qw

- for months the foundation that "Undressed production.increas health hazards -- dmanda estate? ^'Slu-Hhie connection coeaa. a re froai a nuastjar company headed "A PRACTICES"- wideh discloses increase ia^lest tiae^cidea fobruj|^r^^ yatauaiy l940>itli:;only - "* crease-in >ounfatraaj&fisl& is -industrial' than industri . ova experience's e'signifieeAt- >er, the foundation crease youE?preceutiona to oaf *e. health 'through industri ays, appreiealmfQf rastilatiLg tni.pther - services.. A "lorfr^ri^ 191* ;to say. ,the wj;. Is sore'accurste Dr. Samuel. R. cently elected President ofogists. Dr.' Haythoi, whole: General Hospital, Pittsburgh,' Association of Medical Muse\ ' shorn1 'the foundation's staff?wi( re ration of Pathologists and Bsatariol* r4fingtr Mortal.Laboratory^Allegheny ^ftmaideat. 'International Latest Hazel-Atlas to affiliate npany, both wall J8*C. -ri; . * w ' -V _ Ltieo^^^tod^^ Company .and up Discipline" Ca* ffiiaiMti' ;?or^^nMMt^CoBtrol^ V " **& U.S, Senator Alexander Wiley (WislyJsA lri!Wx*af '**!' jxvtar >e governmental control-Toluntarily applied*o4lL*ooo] rsbssis.with -tha ' \ ,ifidividual and the group,1 crs-erea better,. .^ ___ or- group"disci- pline which is so sffectlimrthst it elimlnat*e$he iCgcrrermant control*.. , - < _ "As far*aa I lOQVtv&be greatest achievements _ .bave*Tp#ulted from the organized'effort, of. coapsistiraly j^alX^ " ~ ' I'tdthgoTernmant rather -r; than by arbitrssy^gsrsrwBt^eontrol *~ Ngreatefft-Adroncas in . safety hate resulted frca^ intelligent self kJUa.;, lartitrery^goT " meat control...^EggEj&fev. ^ i.., S~- -*^sgs*rvi?^'\s v:r5a ' " Tha abort applies with equal'fo _ __ Lustrlal-hygiene, '- This foundation represents roluntary, organized action byCrepress&tatl^e^industrial conoezns for^the conservation of employee health^ - ^w< ` <T* rt th -nconw economic problMs. Instead of 2S0'cogpaalegfchcra-'outfit :te/be^S900;.ecmpanles. parti cipating in Air Hygiene .foundation; -.iv-'lJ^rrPiSlir V rSU.: _.4 _ - Annual Index Issued for Monthly ^|v|H;/V Enclosed with this issue of the-monthly ^lgeet o^Zadustrlal ByKlene is the annual index for 1940, She Index is intends^*?'assist'fBuadatjM. members in locat ing specific data!. Additional copies arwarailehleJif; ' * `` April, 1941* s Air 27giens Foundation# 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 231 Saranac is in Industry following: iparative Kortair$F-$tati>ttfiA, on Tubd^ii'^fts in Various Industries. -- Dr. Louis Disabling Morbidity -- Dr. V. II, Qafi Predisposing Factors, fleant. --- Various spa Incidsnca and Causa ereuloaislc7eri6us Industries. --- Vario Methods of C _ Sawyer, L. D. |j^stol; Slegal. A Labor? p^nt of Tuberculosis ts^Ldust Matthew Woll. State-Wide Safety Conference. _ rand's First State-Wide Safety Cdttfs?tae<*^><be bald in Baltimore, rland, on May 19 and 20# 1941, under the atigprces 6t*l\ Department of Safety of the State Industrial Accident Commission. An satire sowing of this confer ence will be devoted to the etudy of the Maiyland^fejpational Disease Law, the State and city health departments' responslbilitlefnsrter this law, and methods for the prevention end control of occupational disaa^la#^ Legal Developments 233 Utah Occupational Disease Disability Law. Utah has enacted an occupational disease disability law to become effective July 1# 1941, Twenty-seven diseases are enumerated as occupational diseases and diseases not listed are not to be demud compensable* In all cases where injury results by reason of on accident arising out of or in the course of em ployment and compensation is payable under tbs Workmen's Compensation Act, no compensation shall be payable under the new Aot. The list of compensable diseases follows: Digest of Industrial Bygiene - 2 1. Anthrex 2. lenders 3. Poisoning by acetaldehyde or its compounds 4. Poisoning by acetanilide or its compounds 5. Poisoning by cyanogen and its compounds S. Poisoning by chlorine and its compounds 7. Poisoning by arsenic or Its coapo^ >nlng by antlmooy or its _ jning by cadmium or its c< Po't&rtng ' Poisoning by compounds Poisoning Polso Polsoni Poison! Poison compounds PoIae _ r carbon by- J0ulceratio leaning hydrocarbo isoning by ben tlTM toluol, xylol, and the . nitro, nitroso, 21. Methanol polsoni 22 Spithelioaetous c aubstenets. the skin or of the corneal surfaces of the eye. due t mineral oil or paraffin, or any compound, product at substances Gastrointestinal L^with petroletm products and their fumes Dermatitis Q excluding asy^de is of which tha primary cause is infection ^^arasitic in natqgrf? Synovi<&sv5g tenosynovitis, or bur$jtis ulltls, of the wrist, or hand, due to continually? ^ friction or to repeated r ribratloa of tools ~'^)y\ tion of tbe attn or destruction of^^sue WJjo the prolonged _ osure to roentgen rays or radi emanations, (cch) 'sir zZj Total Disability Caused by Lead Poisonina. "Compsinytlon" for Occupational Disease Includes Medical Expense. Claimant contracted lead poisoning and was totally dlSshSed. Th referee and the board made an award of $143 for lose of earnings buj|e0led a claim for medical expanse# of #98* On appeal both claims were alldS^as compensation. The Commonwealth appealed, raising the question whether th&^fsm "compensation'* includes the supplying of medical and hospital services. word "compen sation" is used both in ita limited sense -- contemplating tbe loss of wages only, and in the more comprehensive sense -- including medical and hospital expenses. The provision requiring the employer to furnish medical service is in the interest of the nployee and when tbe employer's liability is astabllshe supplying medical service is as such compensation as payments for loss of earn ings* Whatever relieves one from necessary expense is the equivalant of a dir ect payment to Judgment affined. Stallar . Stellar at al. Superior Ct., last. Dist. Decided February 28, 1941* (CCH) Digest of Industrial Orgies* - 3. 235 Perth from Silicosis, Tine for Presenting Claim. Effect of 1934 Amendment to Law. Jaaea Hayden, deceased husband of the appelee, was an employee of the pred ecessor of the Standard Sanitary Manufacturing Company. Hayden and the Company were operating under the provisions of the Workmen's Compensation Act. Hayden developed silicosis and left the Company's employment on December 22, 1936. Ha died of silicosis on June 3, 1936. Mrs. Hayden filed her claim for compensation May 31, 1939, within a year after her husband's death. The full Board riled in favor of Mrs. Hayden, Hayden's last^epportunity for exposure to silica dust was on December 22, 1936, If the posijSpn of appellant is well taken, Mrs. Haydearvould have had to present ta^elipfc within one year after December 22, 193^ra^withstand4.ng the factthdV^r husband was alive during that period had readied an agreement wltatf^Se appellant as to his compensation. position, taken. There is basis for the contej the legi: 1934 amendment to section 4914 dents of p< jensetad for the disease of 3lllcoelSf41?t^i&tly from depended person receiving compensation.-\ ungBent approv- lag the ai afflxaed, American Radiator tCSfcmauayd sMtarv Corn, v. of App, Decided Marc] (CCS). 236 Effect cdi< filed a noty occupational disease suffering froa the d of liability and mot said disaase, Th >rt. ,ss>. Date of. Sent to be Determined. at of claia under the law reciting that "he is Defendant company filed denial t plaintiff was suffering froa ; emission of three qualified partial physicians t exaalni e doctors filed a medical report reciting that "Goldwin ng froa Deraatitls venenata." Subsequent to the ixirey^t, plication of plaintiff came on for & hearing befo ion to dlsaiss was granted on the ground that real -plaintiff, Gcldwin A. Smith, is not 3uffes* thereupon appealed to the comlssloQjrt tafr^cbaalsslon remanded t use eputy commissioner for the purpoq^Ssl^klng testimony to determine har d et plaintiff had suffered disatf&aes* from deraatitls venenata due to)^usek^ff^donditlons characteristic to his employment with the de^^dant^prior to the examination medical conlsslon; and whether or not^d^ma entitled to compensation refor. Defendant company appeals froa this~x$g?uer of^ftrence and contends that the department of labor and industry has no xl$rt tacquire with regard to a prior condition of the employee with ?efereneci>whlch no medical com mission has been appointed. Section 6 of part 7c;f^he compensation law providoa in pert: "The report, whan signed by at leaa^Ltmo of the mrabers of said conlaalen, shall be final and conclusive as to th^ctadition of said em ploye with respect to the alleged disease or diseases," <\(% appears that the medical comission is limited and may only deteralne the ewittiion of the in jured employee on thm date that he appears before it for mfifflition. Its re port is final only as to the data of the examination, but the liability of the nployer is to ba determined as of the date of the dlsableaent of the employe#. The date of dlsableBent is a fact to be determined by the departaent. Cclrr the theory advanced by defendant company, an injured employee cannot have a determination of the period of his disability if the aedleal eoKlsslon subse quently finds that he is not suffering froa an occupational disease. Such & theory deprives an Injured employee of his rights. The order of the depar^out of labor and industry remanding the causa to a deputy ccnlssioner for the pur pose of taking testimony to determine whether or not plaintiff had suffered an injury under the occupational disoaso act was a proper order. Affirmed, with costs to plaintiff. Smith Wilson youndrr fr Mich, Supreme Ct, Decided March 11, 1941, (CCS). Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 4. 237 Death frcm Monoxide Poisoning* Necessity for Determining Proportion which Occu pation*^ Disease 3ore to all Causes of Death* This is an appeal froa an award of dependency coapeasetion granted plaintiff under a finding by the commission that a contributing factor in causing the death of her husband was an occupational disease arising out of and in the course of his aapioyment by defendant field Pontiac -- Cadillac Company. Defendants claim there was no competeps evidence in support of the findings and, in any event, the findings requi2Jthe commission to also detexnine the propo^Vpn which the said occupat^O^l qffeease, as a causative factor, bore to ^ all tba^auaea of death and hegce p^fortioa the compensation accordingly. <a~\ The >f<thA ccBBiaafrothat monoxide poisoning contributed toward^ death 'ed by cardiac failure, brought the neci date the occupational disease, as a cwQfcMg^factor, bore to math and to proportion the compensati^n"NjC$rovided In section act* This was sot done end the>pfeafe7emanded to the commissi ply with the mentioned provtsroaj)er the occupa- tlonal as made is vaeetedi^. the^Sroceedings remand- ed to per award* Kail_ V^iwis^Poatiac - Cadillac Co. et^\&h. Kerch 11, 238 Hew montane Le^.alatioi_ The "injury* for which drr^eMloye^j^^^ay^SBpensation, by Section 2911, Ref vised Codes of Montana, ISS^J^Chnphej^^? is qualified la Section 28TO, as ; follows: "'Injury* or ' InJurddTpiMjW^nly to an injury resulting from soma 1 fortuitous event, as Aistingyg^^gjfroa^the contraction of disease*" Laws of 1937, Chap. 82, Fart H, chy Lawe^^Hl, Chap. 3, approved February 11, 1941, effective July pro^idifcp fo^^D monthly benefit peyments to per sons having silicogl^ofulfing Ih-^total disability to do manual labor. A con dition to the regpwr such payment^ notvsefolvlng compensation under the tforksen's Act or old agevaMiataaejrlh the amount of 930 per month. (CCS) ` 239 _I_n__lu__r_v__S_u_f_f_e_r_e_d__W___it_h_!_: ^f^Workg*TM'* firtwaensatioa Shock or Fright Results in'DisabiS r- 7 Appeal is from a decision of the IndustriiS/JpmlddSd of Virginia awarding appellee, Inez Hagood, compensation for diaabilitieiMMtteged to have been due to an accidant in the course of her omploymenV^On IHma 23, 1939, Mrs. Hagood, was working at a machine, approximately lS^et away from an electric motor which was being repaired. A loose wire in. the j*or caused a 3hort cir cuit, which produced an electric flash and a sound ressmfH 1 ng that of a shotgun. Mrs. Hagood saw the flash sad had started to fall backwasl^when she was rescued by a copioyee* She said that sha felt as if southing aatf^ua-up her aim* While at work on April 13, 1939, sha looked up and suddeniy^m the employee who had caught her when she fell on Kerch 23rd* She thereupon farted and fell, and has not returned to work since. An award was rendered the employee at the rate of 96 per week, beginning April 13, 1939, to continue during disability and until subsequent conditions should Justify a modification, together with allowances for medical end hospital attention* The appellant contends that the evidence does not support a finding that the appallee was suffering from trauma tic neurosis* Three medical doctors testified* The doctors, in effect, stated that travmatic neurosis was traceable to the shock or disturbing effect on the nerves of the patient, and that in turn, tha irritation of tha nerves caused functional disorders, and, that whathar tha disability resulted from nervous reaction or from auto-suggestion set in motion by memory of the accident, the recult was the same to the injured person* The majority of the reported Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 5. cases take the riw that there is an accidental or personal injury within the wortaen's compensation acts where an waployee, in the course of his employment, receives a sudden shock or fright, involving no physical impact, which results in his disability* The disebility of tfrs* Hagood was occasioned by an Injury which may be fairly traced to a risk which arose out of end in the course of her employment. There was a direct causal relation between the electric flash and ability due to silicosis or other dust disease" (Se*jW)* This is the point at which plaintiff is aggrieved and which causee his to gue that IT sections 56 and 72 takes together rule out both the paysent of worksejh^a. compensation and the recovery of dosages at cnemnn law is cases of ps y, article 4-A is to that extent unconstitutional* the aerlts may not be eoasiderod at this tlse aad t *d because there are involved questions other than tho constitutionality of the statute* In order for the plaintiff to succeed the attack on either section 66 or section 72 must presuppose the e^ stance of the other eectlon. If plaintiff were suetained in his contention that the 1936 ese&dseat is unconstitu tional in so far aa it purports to deprive his end others elsilarly situated of tht right to compensation theretofore created by the act of 1935, then it would follow that hla rights are governed by the act of 1939 as relieved of the invalid amendment which the Legislature sought to engraft upon the statute* In that event plaintiff possesses not the right to recover dasagea at ccnon law, but only tha right to receive workman* s compensation* An action to recover dasagea at canon law cannot conceivably lead to an award of cospensatlon and, therefore, the question of the plaintiff* s right to cospensatlon cannot possibly be Digest of Industrial ^gieas - 6 litigated la this action, for damages which ho has brought. In considering the second alternative the validity of section 66 is assumed. It is not intended to pass upon the merits. It is clear that the appeal in the case at bar must be dismissed because there are presented questions other than the constitutionality of the statute whose validity is challenged by the appellant. The appeal should be dismissed, without costs. Powers v. Porcelain Insulator Corp. N.T. Ct. of App. Decided March 6, 1941. (CCS) " 241 Pneumoyniosis. Death Proa Iaorope, atlon Wot Compensable, Plaintiff, as sole dependent of la' ter, deceased, sought compensation the oegggatlonal the Wosteen*s Compensation Law. Decej had verfcw/hs a dry of the Kalamazoo Stove & Furnace defender years. Deceased had suffered from diffused ilicosis and active proliferated tuboffrgggtt with cavitation; disease some eight years prior tofosrnBath. Beth the deputy c board on appeel denied pldhran^ompensetlon. The teat that the room in wfcichjieceaeBm was working was contia ^i-vw is not compsnsablemumr^he act* Silicosis la 1 ^ w)i* it is caused byjmci^g; Pneumoconiosis is >eaible plaintiff ^mr^Pver. The causes enumerated must^jAi causes which dSfiwuliar to* claimant'a trade* Grinding of metal la no 0 of molding*. Decedent* s death- f in the present case arose per ventilation in the foundry in which he worked* While t s provided for the maintenance of i sanitary conditions in foun ^ not seen fit to predicate statutory liability thereon under t onal^$jeese amendment* Plaintiff's dece- dent was not engaged in s^tting^Wusbing, grinding or polishing cf metal and, therefore ' 'ff aey^aot rsopwr aider the ect* The award cf the commission is with cdsts^to dtinraant*. Sutter v. Kalamazoo Stove Sc Furnace Cc.. mi iprmae C t. Oecida%AprH^^941." {CCHl. 242 Compensable under Workmen^-.Compohtffolon Act.. ST Supreme Judicial Court; De^te^*^* V^goha Lunch Co. of Boston. 30 tfS. 2d 827; decided JanukbyjEL 194i7&\ In actions for breach r implied warranty of fitness of food ua^w^a Massachusetts statute it ared that the plaintiffs worked for the dera^nt ecaapeny la on% oi lts staurants*. Sach plaintiff took two meals a dsJ, a*copv5uidayt at the restaur ant, the meals forming pert of the pay* Both plaintiffs become ill with trich inosis and testified that, during the 2 weeks prece&^sLthe onset of the disease they ate pork and other products of the pig at the defwaiant's restaurant and nowhere else* The defendant was Insured under the workfiw's compensation act and the plaintiffs had made no reservation of comob lsv^ws under that act*. The supreme court took the view that what happened to th^i^lntlffs consti tuted a "personal injury" within the workmen* s compensation "It differed from the inhalation of gens of disease, illustrated by attthft Case, Mass., 30 N..2d 536* It resembled more the cases of poisoning therein cited, and Osterhrink's Case, 229 Mess. 407, 113 N* 657, where the ployee drank muriatic acid by mistake for water*" Also the court was of the opinion that such personal injury arose out of end in the course of the plaintiffs' employ ment*. "Since the injury was compensable under the workman* s compensation act, it will not support an action against the employer at law, whether in tort or in contract, or whether or not based upon a statute* * * *" The action of the court below in ordering judgaent for the defendant was mstained* Pub* Health Rep., 5, 300 (February 14, 1941)* Digest af Industrial Hygiene 7, 243 Mo Exposure to Silica in glass Plant, This claimant applied for an sward from the Occupational Disease Fund, alleging that he was forced to quit work on Kay 31, 1940, as the result of getting glass in his lungs while in the course of his employment. The claims reviewer report ed that the claimant entered the service of the employer in January, 1937 and worked until Kay, 1940, when he was compelled to quit work. He was a laborer in the plant, which has a glass processorjut the preparation of glass sheets for shijment and sale* He did not do amL^crvthe work of grinding or polishing and the nee was to the affect thaCA&ere^was an infinitesimal quantity of f?e< silica^# the air d q^Bore dust than in the average plant. ical prbd^of re' .e claimant's disability was caused by that Proof also failed to show that cli any injurl con dioxide either before or after tfcd^tefe^f the Silicosis dlcal department also disapproved thjjshlwr and the Ccaalsslon o denied* Ohio Ind. Cobb* Monitor n^a7. (February 1941}* 244 Recove ntractlon of Sill* :? Standard 16 A* 2d 534; decltod December 4, 1 ;tlon to ;es the plaintiff alleged that he had con lisjgltfllOltf'the ploy of the defendant. company ae a result of t the following provision of a! Pennsylvania statute regul ,, 'in industrial establishments: "Sr-i haust fans of sufficient lufficient devices, shall be provided; for the purpose of carrying is and gases, and dust from emery- wheels, grind-stones and iery &$hting dust*" The plaintiff preseat- ed proof to the e: tho* ihsrSilrat exhaust fane in tha grindi&g and sand-blasting pa^tney were ndt sirfficrdS^to carry off the dust in that room and that serious substanree^pe the atmosphere of the welding room where was employed, w ` iparated frem the grinding and sand^ _ room by a 12-foot roof^f all The plaintiff prevailed in the and tha defendant appeal. contention before the being that the statute added^>thlng responsibility of the or to the right of the employee and\$jiw* , the plaintiff not recover until he had shown the aval * ctlcability of more lcient devices for the prevention of dust* ^ith thi^$rg\ment the appellate court said that it could not agree* That.this It&kiatlodriaid the court, placed a definite responsibility upon the employer not be successfully ccn- troverted, for it was wall tattled that a violation statute, which resuit- ed in injury to the ployee, made the employer liable ccmon lew action for damages* "Than was no burden upon plaintiff to at h that more effi cient devices than those used by defendant for the preventiWof dust were avail able* All plaintiff was required to show was that the oxhaust^ftna in use were not proper or sufficient compliance with the provisions of th# statute*" Also the court was of the view that the defense of assumption of risk was not per missible, as there was nothing in the msploymest as a waller that presupposed any scientific knowledge "such as a knowledge of the properties of silica dust and their Injurious effect upon the body*" Respecting the word "sufficient" used in the statute, tha court stated that It was a relative term depending upon the facts of each case* Aaather claim mads by the defendant was that the above-quoted statute had no bearing upon tha controversy since it had been repealod without a saving clause, but the court found no merit in this conten tion, saying that the vested right under the provisions of the statute which plaintiff had lnedlately upon the injury occurring in 1935 could not be impair ed by the 1937 repealing statute* "It is well settled that the repeal of a Digest at Industrial Hygiene - 3. statute cannot deprive a plaintiff of Us causa of action under It for damages for Injury either to- parson or property." The judgment of the lower court la favor of the plaintiff was affirmed. Pub. Health Rep., 55,, 400-4C1, (February 28, 1941). Pager^oaJXrst^Gftses^tt^Genft 245 Medlfoil ^Service In. Industry IadustrlAl'/medloia'a* in its mi * - / Lancet, pp. 1-3, (January 4, 1941) .<V\ of safeguarding the health of worker*\<eiML routine tasks, but also prcserfStygftoocur. The author cites successful research*. For inKantS^the and the irritation.^ wsna in loons and colory,(trtvight to light qualities.abtion of aetallic state, wttpneraprganic or inorganic, inhaled-^W^attd. for instance, sJdn_daj&auies ataxia, insomnia, dalufSelii? and anemia of inorganic lead nthers that ore aentioned, show \ Industrial aediclne incroasee In 1atit aust be taught by specialists 1 246 loved in Wltwatersrand Gold Hines. J .deV.Lambrechts. t.Min.8oc., Sol. a 141, 210-40 (Decamber, 1940). The author has precipitator syannarl z ensive coapdHson koniaeter and the thermal the South Afrijmj3oi^dps. His conclusions are (1) the theitMl^$&4cipItM?* if used in conjunction with thet,mg$Rlque which only requires 1 n of r*4ords, frequently glros entiMDfJ%leadlng lnfoimatlon as to the ^ in the air, and the consequent), Ique la recoanonded by which the soluble^ ~ ;e distribution of rockrisk; (2) a revised >thB^MS important particles rmaoTod, without losing ovor X0% of the ro Lust pifH&es; (3) tho effi ciency of the koniaeter can be greatly improved by; 4^, si after change in teciaiique; (4) aggregates of dust particles are broken 19 by l^p&agaent on the koniaeter slide, but ore not broken In the theimal prscipltatofj^S) for aest types of lust encountered in these Bines, the koniaeter has an efficiency alaost equal to that of the thecal precipitator; (6) with the darkfield tectagjpie, the efficiency of the koniaetrie aethod falls off with increased dust concentration, very largely due todeficlcacy in the Bicroscope technique; (7) genaraliy-i^aking, koni- aetor with the' recommended treatment should give an entirelybailable indication of the dust risk at the time and place of seapling; (8) the thezmal precipitator, used as rocosnended, is invaluable for special investigations, because, besides giving a continuous scapls, it gives information both as to makers and sizes of dust partielas. In certain types of investigation# a dorfcflald technique can be employed to advantage with thexmal precipitator samples. The peper is illus trated with masrous charts, tables and photomicrographs, and a bibliography is appended. Digest of Industrial ^rgiene - 9. 24? T_j SetaT-nlnatlon of Dust Concentrations la Mine Atmospheres (29th Report to the Canalttee on the Control of Atmospheric Conditions In Mines.) J. Howard Griffiths and T. David Jones. Trans. Inst. Mining Engrs. (London). 99, 150-30, (July, 1940). This report is the result of a year* 3 study of methods of dust sampling in coal mines, and covers choice of methods, rate of sampling and size of apparatus. Only weighing methods are considered, as 3 customary in British mines. An apparatus including a Soxhlet thimble found superior to a filter-paper device The ^gt&rs' conclusions are as fo 1) a correct sample can be obtained only rtne^' the velocity of sampling he same as that of the air current; (2] if tho scapllng wpeity is weight of the sample is too high and <$ni tains tod- se material; (3) if the sampling veJ high, the'Wight Is the percentage of fine particles (4) the eff< . is not as marfced as that of low jtefas&ftr; and (5) sampling >4 Inch in diameter glvo correct .thin the experimental smeller tubes give inconslste and have the addition _ ._ _ .ring a long time to coltfet necessary saa- pies, diSdussioa' paper is report The^^i^. and Testin^^-^ 248 Hector fo vor Loading Point. Placed in ai<Intaks Roadway. rch. of the tfoaouthshire and . South Wales Coal Owners' in Iron & Coal Trades Rev., f 141. 33*41 (July 12, 1940) .an 161. 29*32, 59*6, (July 12 and 19, 1940). i The report gives a detailed derorotto dust collector constructed at the loading point, at which tjMdmSSTfNhueb* er than at any other point in the mine. A mist pid ihe efficiency of the collector for fine particles* I^lnungtostsy the `/4^faet from the loader was reduced from 0.112 to O.Q^kiNjer cu. ft., of 94j$. Recommendations for additional imjofcxaMircs are made, espeei .uclng the slzo of the coliact- or when thefmnPHprojector is used. v 249 Suppression. Coal Dust Re the Monmouthshire Wales Coal Owners* Association. tracted in Iron & Coal is Rev., 141. 362 (October 11, 1940) end an 161. 36^3 >92 (October 11 and 18, 1940). 'This report covers s study of the efficiency of various sprays and water with compressed sir 1a allaying mine dust. Water are not very effective against air-borne dust, but are Ideally suited for wat^&n^ the surface of the coal and so preventing dust-cloud formation. The addition) of certain chemicals to the water to reduce the surface tension Increases the^ffectiveness by de creasing the mlet particle sizes, but the increase is only-cfc even when using relatively strong solutions, end does not warrant the sddltrfU^i cost and trouble entailed* The meet efficient atomization is obtained by psitygfr water through the inner nozzle and compressed sir through the outer nozzle. The average size of the mist particles produced by a South Wales mist projector is shout 60 mi crons* In general, the greater the air to water ratio the finer the mist, but there is a critical figure beyond which very little advantage is gained by fur ther increasing the sir constsptioa. The finer the mist, the more effective it is against air-borne dust* However, if it is too fine the water evaporates be fore it can wet the dust. In practice it is best to adjust the mist so that the air feels damp, hut not wet, at a distance about 4 fast from the projector. Tho greater the relative velocity of the mist to ths dust cloud, the greater the effectiveness of the nist, end therefore it is rscoBsadod that ths mist should Digest of Industrial Ifygiene - 10 be projected in the opposite direction to which the dust cloud is moving, The South Vales aist projectors* found superior to all others, are capable of suppressing 80 to 90% of air-borne dust containing particles below 2 microns* The efficiency of all such projectors is such greater than that of steam. 250 Predicting Dust Concentration* Frank 3. Rowley and R*C. Jordan. Heating, Piping and Hr CondTT 12. 699*702 (December. 1940). This article is devoted to the factora^ffecting dust concentration levels in enclosed spaces* The rates at whi)VsnSt laden air is Introduced into the spaca^/with which dust is produce<f\9s^t6S space and with which dust settles fpj the ax/and the at whi^c^ir ^r filtered, are usually of greater im^jjr- tance tS^tf^be de :ual dust concentrations than the efficiai of the fi&eis t )ds of rating filter perfomance* i_fULtjnaeion and earfiltw&i sources and settling of duat are in detail* 2S1 Piping In thi^JwtSllmeitfP tha app (AwntOo* 290} tO/cOktin is largely mathematics XI. Trank 3. Rowley February, 1941) on of the data titering p nesting, e^jtfc the first paper s given- The treatment 2S2 Samuel C. Blacktln* J.Soc. Chma. Ind., 58. 334-8 fl9 The effect of heated solid r or* in producing at noxmal pressure a dust-free region around raad^a^radiomatar action* The author con- ducted experiments test urces^et heat and different types of dust- repelling apparatus cal frying wG^conduction) and hot-water heating gave comper&ble A peripberal_hot-klrtj\rcpulsor was developed and served wall as repellor* In anr^ectrt^^y heated apparatus with air originally^eht&ifSg at 184C* 90*909. t pSrtwiea per cc. the contents were at <^^^58,000, at 55 25,760, at&J%y~1.77 ,bS^^d at 85.3 3,200 particles. An aptf&atw using hot-liquid heating gaVw?'k~#% inally containing at particles per., at 29 17,100^^^4'o aflO^tt 55 3100 and at 31 articles per cc. ' Jf leaning of Gas and Air hr Thermal Repulsion. Tr. Samui Blacktln* J.Soc, Chaa. Ind., 59, 153-4 (1940). The author gives data showing the efficiency of a pefrarated repulsor 0.25 in. In diameter and 0.375 in* in length, described in thadllrst paper* An effi ciency of 9401 was obtained with different smoke dlsperatoam at a rate of 4 cu. ft. of air per hour with the extremely low resistance of^tflb. water gauge for the perforated repulsor of 0*2 sq. in* of effective area* author claims that the resistance eaa be further lowered by Increasing the^spgth of the re pulsor. Trial of an u&perforated repulsor gave decidedly Inferior results, be cause the black body radiation from the perforated device contrlbutee very materially to its efficiency* The work described is being made the subject of patent rights. 254 Silicosis from Porphyry with t note on "Acute Silicosis." Symaniki. Arbeitsachutz, p. 272-4 (1940). (German)* Porphyry contains 30 to 50% free silica* The author reports a serious case of silicosis in a men who worked for 7 years as a quattymaa but was endangered only during 9 month's experience ae a driller* Twenty ether cases, mostly alight or medium, were noted in workers in porphyry* Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 11. 255 South African Sllicoala Report. Aaonyaeuj, Iron i Coal Trades Rev., 141. 524 (November 22, 194G). The Annual Report of the South African Government lining Engineer for 1939, just issued by the Union of South Africa Department of Mines, records that silicosis prevention ^rk was continued energetically throughout the year, on the same general lines as in the previous year. Water is still relied on as the princi pal nethod of controlling dust production, but ventilation has been increased, and is considerably in excess of the a*2Lmu& requirement. Generation of dust by JacJfihamaer drills has received ceds$#able study. The incidence of silico sis befrvsteadily fallen from U9$v5m& MOO in 1931-2 to 7.61 per 1000 in 191 This do^reaco, however, is pjmlto das to the increase from 51.9 to 60$ in. number -efTminerd'^Wh lesmn)J5 years' service. The ntaber of new ci silicoeiW 9, is the highest recorded since 129{ is to be ntmber of miners with over 12, andyears' service has Practically all the new casea a^v^^old miners" who afore 1916, and before the begwspg^T protective improvamen: 256 to the Lungs and Artificial $*ertner. 245-2 (194077 Experiments ware condu 2 natural and Z artifiei minerals, the other of c So silicotic changes were p tissue and capillary proli taining 93.2 and 74.2$ " report is being pre ed dust produced by crushing.} r the latter was compounded of : containing 29$ Insoluble si1 Ido ad<d. r dusts, but only slight connective t of the natural grindstones, conal silicotic nodules. A fuller 257 Dust in the S Earth Industry, Arbeltsschut2, p. 226-9 1940). ( A short fTMakCicar the dust problem in tfie/c ustry is followed by s ?e- on tha technical aspect of dhaTprobl ' regarding dust counting, mentioning only the^epnipet tyudallmeter. Ha inds portable vacuum cleaners for dustt^uafelan1 the workshops. A . >rt follows by Buckup on the medical aspecro t The Saxon Ain- istry has installed an x-ray car with which ove^l34000 .tlons have been mads in. 9 months. The screen method used Is chsafjbJit no .ways reliable in diagnosing first stage silicosis. 258 Tha Silicotic Hodule in aan and Experimental SlllcoiisCn Comparative Study. I.H. Balt. AJL. Parris and E.J. ginm. J.Path. and Bact.^S^B^ 263-7 CSeotttber, 1940). ^g) The authors have mads a comparative study of silicotic lasftro)la man and in rats, tha latter produced by single lntra-tracheal injection of 3lllca, ranging from 0.8 to 5 microns. They stress the zone of fibrous tissue practically with out silica particles ("redundant fibrous encapsulination") as an important differencs between silicosis as seen in man and that in experimental animals, in which they fotad the condition was absent. They also point out sea* differ ences la the character and patten of tho fibers. They speculate on the possi bility that in man the lesion may be complicated by infection. An additional report is promised. Digest of Industrial 5ygien# - 12. 259 Ptegffngvtoaia of foreign notarial in the O.H. Robertson. Physiol. Rev., 21. 112-39 (January.1941). The author reviews the modes of entrance, distribution and disposition of for- sign material in the respirator/ tract. Pirst, the progress of foreign particles to the lung is impeded by the sLnnous course of the nasal passages, the sticky mucous character of the surfaces, action of the cilia of the membrane and the cough reflex. Disposition of the aaterial that has entered the terminal respir atory units is less staple. The principal method is by phagocytosis by aneblc cells, the type of call employed depeQgS&g upon the character of the foreign mattery Bacteria such as tho pneiorf^fec^Jt are handled by the polymorphonuclear, leucosy&p, which appear in great huQ^rs. However, with mineral dusts, the ` large flcrophage.jBraally pri^S^ lathe region goes into action. They q\ engulf sij'i'ca dust^parti carry them rapidly to lymph vessels tissue* Om^cCcaslo * degoncratos, leaving the sill parenchymal ' process is somewhat di of the large and fotm Macrophaasgbeesstaocsc!usmbuoladteiems to* as the 1 foreign material injected intraven- oualy,<^^ug^bee pulmonary capfcj^erjpsoadothelium carries on pheflBR^Wactivity is^WVhtContrary. The same is traw^he calls A bibliography of 155 re- fereacas is included 260 Asbestosis in Grinders 172-4 {1940) Brake bands aro mads warts products and bands and plates plants must be era, drillers asbestosis employment BracMsaan. Arbeitsschutn, * or are pressed out of asbestos . artificial resin* Afterwards the _ -Ih^axony all workers in asbestos ally. ''^Ilfcicai^^x-ray examination of the grindfile individual pieces)has shown a few light cases of work, and ia^s^ly'1^'aueh workers after 5 yours Against Asbestosis Today. y- ktsschutz. pp. 191-3 piper is a brief description of asbestos!*^ her'^tpui an account of the e against it. The author states that no. tioaitdp was found between dust filtering ability and degree of asheeto^U* 262 Methods of Avoiding the Dust Danger In Asbestos PlantsSyalid from August 1, 1940* Anonymous. Arbeitaachutz. pp. 263-5 (1940)* fGezmsn) l The new regulation* concerning exhaust systssw, GatablisfcjKLfcy the manufacturers, insurance association end Gozmon factory inspoctors, are meidbed. The effi- cioncy of the systems must be tested by a representative o#aeKin*urance association* _ 263 Roeulatiow to Cheng# the Regulation Regard*of Glass. Grinding. Etching. Painting. Glass Containers end Related Industries. Dated September 13, 1940. Anonymous. Arheitsschutn. n. 11940). (German). The Gexsan regulations prescribe that x-ray examinations be made of all workers ployed at certain Jobe in rooms where glass containers or refractory materials are produced or where sandblasting is conducted. The examinations' are repeated every second year* All persons engaged in producing lead-containing mixtures or using lead colors ere to be examined at least every 6 months* Digest of Industrial Sygiene - 13. 264 Silicosis la Ohio In 1940. Anonymous. Ohio lad. Com. Monitor. 14, 15 and 30. (January and Jebruary, 1941). Although incidence of silicosis at large may be on the decrease due to the knowledge gained regarding the disease during the past twenty years, neverthe less nary nore cases have come to the Attention of the Ohio Industrial Com- zisslon in 1940 than during any year since the disease became compensable in 1937. During the first 29 months of operation of the law, 330 claims were filed; while in the 12 months of 1940,claims were filed. In the 29-month periodp^vious to 1940, 111 claiaA^ro^ilowod and 165 claims rejected. This is abdut^ 40 per cent allowance, i^fee year 1940, 83 were allowed and 113 disallowed*?"* porcedtag* of abduk 421 265 X-Ray Ceertner. The x-ray author found kaolin and produc^ of Dust as a Method of Medical 193-5 (1940). (German), borne dust and dust in the lung cotic lungs of china-clay wo eludes that these substesfe 266 ZL_efs|^ jor ytltrat Witaaann. Z. Zlektro- chem.^46, 313-21 (1940) The basic laws of aeroso sed, with reports of experiment! on filter materials of lac ructure with definite test vapors*; The condensation aerosol of t 0 is used as test vapor. With i multiple-layer filters of ce the deposit of the precipitated vapor within the filter c . v a simple absorption law. The per- centage absorption. rpds^apcr^dafr silk filters as well as for filter bricks and J was determined. The idoes of separation of dust particles by^&dihikgtation, reflect^ nning-out ore transferred to aerosol flltras&iuOsfaa controlling si^&flicanee^df flowing motion for aerosol filtration 4$ Ijmyw. Laws found for th^^ filter-aerosol are like- wise hasA^S* the filtration of liquid s' lioni 267 ,ts_ in__E__l_e_c__t_ri_c_a__l__P_r_e__c_i_p_i_ta__t_io__n__l_a____HedbPelr<g and L.M. Iron it Steel ngr., 17, 13-27 (July, authors discuss the general principles and hfcttory of^Tactrical precipita tion, and describe Ite use in various processes in *$el as^facture including cleaning of blast furnace gas, ferro-aanganes# gas,^gh silicon iron furnaces, and dotorring coke oven gas* A apodal application in^eaning coke ova gas under high pressure Is described* In each of these usm*T^io problems involved end their solution aro discussed. Studies on the application* mentioned and zz new ones ore being continued, and promise improved perfoxfiarah and lower initial cost* ' 268 Soldering Fluid Containing Hydrochloric Acid, and Pulmonary Fibrosis. f.Am.Med. Assoc., (queries and Minor Notes.) 116. 355 (January 25, 1941)* A tinsmith has used hydrochloric acid in his work for 80 years, and now has widespread pulmonary fibrosis and disabling dyspnea* The question is whether tho acid Is responsible, and whether the use of Speer soldoring fluid will pre vent similar trouble- la tho reply the conclusion is given that hydrochloric acid does not cause pulmonary fibrosis, although it has injurious properties when inhaled in excess* Speer soldering fluid when properly employed is said to yield no free sold and the manufacturer claims that It is free from lead and arsenic* Digest ef Industrial Hygiene - 14* 269 Colorimetric Determination of Carbon Monoxide. S.M. Chumanov and M.B* Aksel'rod. J.Applled Cham. (E.3.5.R.) 12.1566-70 (1929). (Russian, with. French stinmary) Experiments were carried out for determining minute amounts of carbon moaofide in air. Ferric salts as well as salts of palladium and gold are reduced by carbon monoids. The reduction is slight without a catalyst but reaches almost ZO% in the presence of silica gol. Tho d^Talent iron formed by the action of 0.02 mg* of carbon monoxide per literbe detected with potassium ferri- 270 -csfcfir MatfaS^for the ftion of Cqrbon Monoxide in Air. Karlson. So. 5* 50-3. From Chcm. Absts., (Sotember Optimum con Indicator me for the determination of carbon monofiJK^by' the formation of a light bluish gra^ VA^appeorlng from the cont ncxide with a suspension of juto^.de in fva- lag sulfur: stan1 ca gal* The color obtaidW isbrompared with ce with rarloue sj^ji^o^e. The important de- act. ` 271 SmalKteounta of Carbon & Hda;in5Cas Mixf^a^P.J.O. Nell. Sot Gas, 60, 18-21, (1940). (Dutch). f A method of determination ^^all'Nfli$ft^^of carbon monoxide by means of palladia chloride colorimets^^^Ja^^wed. It is shorn from a ataber of tests with palladium chloride papetUfigtisroure^h? city gas and alr of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon di^i^gfflS air,;a2id\in flue gases that a proper grada tion of blaeicening canJ^^gmaSned ^fc^h pqlifj^iua chloride papers without addi tion of gold chlaridj^^T?e presence of"^bf^atter tho color tends to be purple and inconqOTmv5celow carbon aSoo^.ds.^^ncentrationa of Q.l. It is furthermore ped&tedprat that the bladcg&g is-^cr^ intensive if hydrogen Is present ln<4h^ne^mixture and least int^Slre im^ttluted city gas. The pallad ia chlafS\piper was exposed to the gas#s(^or afrmfcutos* than washed out in diluAndrhchlorlc acid to remove excess`oiigjtoalrd&frd and compared with ffiMimhnlTr made up In similar manner. The ltfwat^ coneaff^ation used was 0,0125^ j&cnaonoxide* ^ angers of Carbon Monoxide. Suemlng. Arbeltsschutt., pp. ^lgo-7 (1940) .(German). The author reports that 73d of the workers in a fotfijSry were poisoned to some dogroe in a room heated by coke stores without exhaust^? Carbon monoxide hazards in foundries* especially in drying molds end haat|pc of drying chambers, era discussed* Two eases of poisoning during repair a gas generator are also reported* iS^> 273 The Mental and Neurological Sequelae of Carbon Monoxide Asnbarxlt in t_Case Obsorred for Fifteen Tears* N. Raskin and O.C. tfnilaney. X.Nervous and Mental DlS., 92, 640-59 (Noviber, 1940). The author presents a thorough summary of the clinical and anatomical changes following carbon monoids asphyxia as reported in the literature* and des cribee observations mads on a case over a period of 13 years* A wman of 43 suffered sub-lethal carbon monoxide poisoning* Partial recovery from the early symptoms was followed 7 years later by nervous disorders which persisted until her death 15 years after the accident. The clinical picture was essentially that of Parkinson's syndroms. Clinical and anatomical details are given. Digest of I&dustrlftl hygiene 15. 274 Determination of Carbon Eppoxia* in the Blood hv Means of the Photo* electric Colorimeter. R. BaV--10.1a* ychaschr., 19. 1183-5~(1940)> (German). Determination by this method, which Is described, requires only a short time and 1 cc. of blood, or area as little as 0.1 cc. The^ror Is said to be 0*9* ' 275 Sulfur Dioxide In tho Foundry. ?*A* Allan* Metal Ind.-, (London). 57, 172 (August 30, 1940). Sulfur dioxide is inevitably present ducing. magnesium alloy castings varying concentrations In foundries proed In magnesium casting to act as a dllUMW\of the air to prevent ce datlon. It is also often used in treat^^Mt of cas ution treatment for the same purpose^ questiotf^Sf^ it is important now, because magnesium u productions in ors acquire considerable tolerance to &euges, but It is'^QS s apparent tolerance is attained at thramfetfse of general hem# although there are some workers whofoewbeen in the magnesium .t 15 yoars without injury from^m.^s? The (British) Depertmen Industrial Research haa eetabJ^gned one part sulfur diozi by voltae as the agyffiq^concontratlon allowable fo one part In 2,05s^agerous oven for short or foundry^M&aggta to test their foundry atqpspharo to asserts sulfl^varaade content Is within the safe limit. The tests shou mad4 tf^POitftikiukr the iwrkers and at approximately head level. \ 276 The TreaUnent of Acute Poisoning* I.D. Meaheain. Bull. biol. mod* exptl., U.S.S*R., Russian, with Snglish juamary. The injection of a sol peroxide end 1% sodium bicarbonate in physiological salfmdt h&lfoion paralytic state as a result of the injection Qtd&ltgj/ doses of bodies* s solution {4.0-4.6 ag. hydrogen sulfide per weight) lad to couplet very in all 9 cases in which it was tried d _fide: Its Toxicity and Pot Dlv. of Industrial Eyg., lot. of Health* Pub. Health Repts? March 21, 1941). allant short but complete discussion hy on carbon disulfide. topics discussed are: Physical-Chmnical _^ _axiaal Permissible Concentration (20 p*p*m). Sources of Sxposurei, ijUtlon in Air, Blood and Urine, Absorption and Xzcretlon, Relation Betweetfjioncentretions in Air and Toxic Symptoms, Clinical Picture of C2S Poisoning,^P^holgical Changes, Changes of Tolerance, Physiological Mechanism, and Prevention^ 278 Alain Devices for Indicating the Presence of and Vapors. Chanlach-tschniacha Heichsaastalt. Z.aea. Schiaaa-u. Soranahtoffw. 34. 237.9 (1939). (Ocui). . Upper and lower explosive limits are given for 18 combustible? gases in mixture with air, and dangerous and lethal concentrations aro given for 16 poisonous gases* The requirements which a satisfactory alaxm device should meet are list, ad. All ccosercial devices tested by the Chemisch-teehaischs Reichanstalt and by certain other testing stations are named and the prlaciplupon which they operate ore described briefly* 279 Physlotoxlcology of Poison Gases* L Sorlant* X* phaxs* Belg., 2^ 815-24 (lMi). IPreach). . The gaees are classified and tabulated according to their toattcity* Symptoms produced by the different gases ere glvon* Di$eat of Industrial Hygiene - 16. 230 War Gases and Other Toxic Substances. Louis Diaerens. Teintex. 5, 2-9 (1940). (French). The importance of the following factors In war gases and related materials is reported: stability, density, volatility, heat of vaporization, melting point, ease of atomization, solubility, action on metals, odor, color and toxicity. A list of soae gases is given, classified as asphyxiants, vesicants, respiratory irritants, lachrymetors and general poteens. The specific use, physical and chealcal properties, preparation and ^piological action of eleven of the most coBBon%ar gases are discusaod. 281 War GaSea^nd Tax^Subati (Prench^/^A ^ The physi&yTi al war gase detoction of dudod whic, and dislnfe Louis Diserens. Talntex. 45-34 "parties and physiological action of Preparation of papers and aolutl discussed and formulas are giv fonsula, physical 'properties, gases included in tlp^gper' :tionror the is indotectlon, 282 bwantke. 139-140 (1940). On account of the di Insurance Association ed a plan by which blood instructions furnished by t story for examination. on monoti.de poisoning, the and rolling mills has devejo^ in all suspected cases according to and ore sant to a cooperating labori 283 War Ocscs, Berthelotv^ Chiaie at lad. 91-106 (1940i [French) A discussion an&3U&c^?$tlon of the pi jrties of the chief war gases, of their charaeL^pfid physiological de$46$l< :heir methods of projection and prac^j^d^mue, of the dlslnfectid^^f ited praises and of first aid fortgteabd persons. \C*' 284 Srploeive Gsaee in Industry and'~Wttv Colls, Trane. Can. Min. Hot.. 43. (In Gan. Wiping Mat. " -204 (1940). irous Industrial gases and 3afoty means foi t tha are described. The types of or gas, their properties:and ts, methods of liberation end protective measures are tabulated, 28S An Apparatus for Producing Constant Gas Mixtures. R.Ju~*eis and O.P. Soepf. Scionce 93, 407-408 (April 23, 1941). ' Because of the prohibitive cost and variation in compoeitiafepf conerclal gas mixtures, am apparatus has been designed by means of vhich^sfiptaat mixtures of atmospheric sir and nitrogen can be made economically. Two %t gas meters are connected by means of a ladder chain and sprocket gears. Nitrogen from a cylinder is introduced Into the first meter creating enough mechanical force to turn the second at a corresponding speed* Air drawn into the second meter as it revolves, passes into a bottle where it mixes with nitrogen from the first meter. Any change in rate of flow of nitrogen through the first metsr causes a similar chango in rats of rotation of tha second, keeping the composition of the mixture constant at all tinea. The apparatus is not dsslgaod to work against a large back pressure, but will produce gas mixtures of unchanged character, des pite fluctuations In the rate of flow* Digest at Industrial Hygiene - 17. 286 Pharmacological Pro partlas of Certain flaturated Fluorocarbons. H.C. Struck and E.B. Plattnar. J. Pharmacol., 217-9 (1940). Breathing air containing high concentrations of decafluorobutane, boiling point -- 4.3C., and dacafluorocyclopcntane b.p. 23, profoundly depressed nice but did not produce true anesthesia, the alee responding to stimuli at all times. Death followed from congestion of the lungs due to irritation. 287 Benzene (Benzol); Ita Toxicity anAWkantial Dangers. Dir. of Ind. Eftrg., Nat'l InsWjef, Health. Pub. Health Beoti^N jg; 519-527 TBarch 14, 1941). Anothoggin the a Vea of ahoaKhut>amplete discussions of common industr^al<Aj hazardX^Tlhis iwa th\3endard fona discussing: Physical-CheBLica^PshpOft? ties, Hs^djMl ?i oeatration (100 p.p.m.), Sources of Determination An d, Absorption and Excretion, ReletioglSarweh Con- centratione c Symptoms, Symptoms of Acute and Ctto^^roisonlng, Pathological logical Hechaniam, Habituation/^rotwlactic keasurea, 288 ftrdpoi (German)nr^r- Arbaltaschutz, pp. saltion of *0*"" , benzene and its homologs carers acute and chro: tating effeota on the akin.: Benzene and its homologs, hare more injurious effects, acuta and chronic, then those aliphatic hydrocarbons known as ben- zlne, naphtha or light lyania benzine contains 1.4 to 2.3)1 aromatic hydrocarbons, of is bonzens; tha product from the Dutch East Indies coat arbona, including 7% benzene. No chronic offoct has baabvhfe froat-these natures but blood changes and non- hematogenous dlsagte^arre been nerted tic hydrocarbons, ben tens is auch aofdS&fgtroua than toluene , probably because toxic lntezmodianrffrow&a arc formed from^ t from tha others. On tha other bga&sn^xrritatlag affect on th*v from tha paraffins than*d$oi&fcm aromatics, and lass in lowAtih ons than in tha high- >nlc Benzol Poisonins in Plastics IndustryT~Bdts o&tffibr Damage. H. Hetaann 'and C.B. ford. H.Y. State Dent. Labor. Ind. BdU. ^19.z24(Movbtr, 1940) A study of 13 ployeaatf a factory processing cof^on clot with banzane dis closed l fatal ease of benzene poisoning, with aymgfea^k and clinical signs cf aplastic anode, and multiple hemorrhages. There wemd^e^se 3 mild casea, in which tha symptoms disappeared after removal from eocp&ausp except that in one, a case of noxmooytle anmaia, tha normal blood picture w^*fet regeinod. As a result of tha ioregtigatloa another solrant was subetitutmajxor benzene, and adequate aatUatloa wma installed. Thera is mow no apporedQiaalth hazard. 290 Colorimetric Determination of Vapors of SItrobAaobanxoma. Aniline and Benzidone in Air. M.3. Bvkhcuskava. Ora. Clmm. Ind.. (U.3.SJL) 6, 638-9 (1939). (Russian). Tha analysis by known methods of contaminated air in tha production of benzidene ia described in detail. Tha air is passed through a nitrating add to convert nitrobenzene into dlnltrobonzene and ozobenzene into dinltro-uzobenzene. Tha latter reacts with gLucose and sodium hydroxide to girt an intense blue. Dini trobenzene in acetone with sodliai hydroxide gives a riolet reactioa. In vapors absorbed in water, baazidane gives a blue reaction with ferrlo chloride and aodl\m hydroxide, and aniline gives with sodlue hypochlorite and phenol a palo- blua lndophanol reaction. , Digest of Industrial Bygieae - 18. 291 Toluene sad Xylene. Industrial Data Stoat D-Chat. 35, National Safety Council. Nat* Safety Paws. 42 , 36, 38 (August, 1940)* Tto towards of both substances Include! (l) acute poisoning through respiration of tho fuses or vapors, or ingestion of the liquids; (2) chronic poisoning through respiration over a longer period of snail concentrations of the fianes or vapors; (3) dermatitis due to the drying action of the solvents, and (4) fire and explosion* Both are good solvents for a number of substances used in Indus try, such as resins, rubber, castor and llnsaed oils* They are both less toaic than benzone hut have possibilities o^fcute and chronic poisoning* Tto acute effects of toluene include toadecto-ydiiSnkenneas, 'ooltlng, disturbances of equil^^ium, feeling of illness SMgtoaetiBos unconsciousness. In chronic caserne signs a^e toad&che^siddvBess, insomnia, lack of capacity for loss ot^appatlta^huseat^mijmg, and bleeding from the noso and gum; Xylene a lesser degree* Workers expos material sical examinations before mploynent ^S^jt^egular intervals, idlysis particularly if benzene is als<^^e^? Accepted local exhaust ventllatiag systems should be inraij^S* Synthetic rubber gloaM^SKld be( dad. frequent air teats shourq^e made, and suppli^alr^rofpiSteors' be used in any ple$/*e^qfcp the vapor concentra- pre< ns must be taken. 292 Porwrinuria in a Cl .al Het de Poisoning* I.N.M.Chalmers A*2. 0111am tad 1.2. (December 287 1940)* i The case reportod is _ engineer, aged 38, who experienced severe methyl chlorldo po ult of exposure to ton while at Dslirlta, convulsions and principal symptoms* Coproporphyria series III was found in tho subsidence of toxic S faces and urine, disappearing with ible origin of porphyrins in such cases is fully disc dsaaflita^e^clusion* Recovery was complete at the end of 7 of tto prittouai^^ported eases of methyl chloride poisoning hai Vfrn America* The 9uhptanee^i widely used in domestic refrlg erators* 1{ t odor makes it d rtouit "N)tect; its greatest action is on tto wsaJj . and nervous system appear to ressmhle those :ertain nitro- and amino- c ill as drugs of tto sul- le group, vhich probably act on terfere with tto normal sen of hemoglobin* Utroua Fiaes in tto Ctomical grinding of fllern^ eitsschutz, pp. 221-2 (1940)* (German) A new method for sharpening old files consists in port^of dipping ttom in nitric acid* Nitrous ftoea axe generated in the procoes* I^one plant every worker exposed to tto fiaes was Injured, one seriously* 294 Water Spray as a Veeeinns of Ffigighhttiinng Respiratory Poisons* SodEbus* feuerschutz, 20 , 2-4 (1940). (German}* ,,_ * A spray of water from a nozzle can be used to decrease tto hmtord to life from industrially used toxic gases that toys escaped from ttolr containers (chlorine, ononis, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) and to counteract tto effects from war gases* Tto efficiency of this "atomized" water depends on tto solubility of tto etomleals, adsorption, increased reactiv ity, etc* The application of tto method is described* 295 Air Conditioning m Blektron Metal foundries* Anonymous* (/itsserai. 27, 347-8 (September 6, 1940)* (German)* This article discusses and illustrates principally tto methods and equipment employed for tto removal of sulfwous fumes resulting from electric furnaces in foundries* Digest of Industrial Srgiene - 19. 296 ionization la Mint Atmospheres. L. Punde. Glueckauf. (1940). (German). Ab stracted In Iron It Cool Trades Rot., 141. 279 , 282 , 306 (Sept. 20, 27, 1940). While alaoat every other phase of mine conditions has been investigated, little attention has been paid to electrical conditions of the air. The author has studied ionization in soao Gorman mines, making a total of 3,000 measurements at 30 points in 6 mines. The ion concentrations found at tha intake were nor mal. The concentration tends to increase with distance from tha Intake on account of tha presence of radium emanations, hut absorption os dust particles and other factors tend to decrease th^3Wber of small ions, so that in some cases&o ionization is lass than<ttpnuma air. Usually, however, the concent tratio^^s groatly^increased.^-^ar^aons exhibit great Irregularities in tributtoas?} The 'Witfei ^of) positive ions is much higher than that negative^ J^axplosion products, water vapor and --^ studied, onization as a cause of Ignition of discussed. 297 Measursmen Regenerw 20, 19* , ,, ^ describes det^aiaation of ozone* would Interfere with volume ratio of ozone Jungfrau Pass (3600 a.) crease in ozone content in tion of ozone from the st troposphere ceatratlon of the Air leer. 62 {1938). from Chat, Victor E. 7780 (Kovomber 4 which he used for the gen pero^de, which r eat in the air tested* The orege to 3.0 x IQ"8 on the f Trledrlchshefea (400 m.). The de es is regarded as due to the decompoai- the^dust and oke particles of the 298 Incidence and Cos _ _ _ u_t_e__R__o_s_n_ir_a_to in Industry. A.J. Lanza. Am. Med. Aasoc*.<;^C^T342i343 (Marc Records of skw%S*9atoela in industry nderance of colds as a cause of lost jHae.V^cupation shows some r incidence, but not geog- show much higher rates thahCsutiy avep*ag one per person compared '00 for males in a study of l4,0C^^erlc2^i^B4rs Another study he employees of a public utility coap<^^^owe^>|a average nuaber of , diebllng for one day or longer, was 22^vq^00 s|m- and 40 per 100 emsles. If an average of one day a year per person, aa&ljihd female, is assum ed to be the lose due to colds and acute resplraton^afeoSaoa*, the total cost is believed to be conservatively in the neighborhood* $400,000,000 for workers and $400,000,000 for employers* Such an amount is itg^wn argument for scienti fic study and attack* ^ 299 Influence of Intir*TM*--vt on Mucous Msmbrcnes of tho ilratorv Tract. A Review. B. feussneg. Hals-.Nasen-. u. Ohromrzt 50. 414Pe3&940) . (German). Tho author describee tbs physiological function of the nose, gpd discusses the influence of dust, vapors, gases, smoke, cold, dryness, and taaldlty on the ears and respiratory tract* 300 Accident Prevention in the Chemical Industry. S* Schildt. Chsmische Pabrik, 260-72 (July 27, 1940). (German). This is a review of Gasman official reports on accident prevention and occupa tional disease published in 1939. Digest of Industrial Hygiene - 20. 301 9t<% cJ the Ptersiciaa in Industry in the Control of Acute Respiratory Diseases. G.K. Piersol. J.Aa.Med.Assoc.. LI6. 1339*42 (March 29. 1941). ~~ The cosbbou cold end acute infections of the respiratory tract remain the out- steading problem ia industrial medicine. They will continue to tax the re sourcefulness and the best efforts of the physician in industry, until the efistlng knowledge of Tlrua diseases is further advanced. One of the most im portant steps ia the proper control ofxespiratory diseases among any group of workers is to institute an adequate jntea of checking up absenteeism and the reporting of all acute illness. complied reports such a system woul< aff the industrial mcdice^^lfrficer can readily determine in what de] men- esyiratory diseases occurs. Correction variouar h as overheating, improper ventilatio/ exlstoni n wet clothing or various factors 11 or undue ay be Important contributing produc- tion of co actions, can then be achieved. 302 Monthly La| Lon 'by the % codft and certain fits* Up to the end _ silicosis, since this dl cases in 1938. In 8 y of which 4 fatal cases and increased from 270 variety of Industrie French polishers, sabled workers^^hh^^ves and children arc in* tion Aet of<39&^rorkers buffering from sili* j^ue"shere in the increasing bene- d been paid for 7,304 cases ef f naable. Payments were made in 2,799 wee made for 237 case# of asbeatosie casts occurred in 1938. Dermatitis 3^80in 1938. Skin ailments occur in a ng .bakers and confectioners, dye workers, rs.'rv > ^ Industrial Polson^egage^DMmatltls. ote, na_t_io_n of ^_a___ll__Q_u__a_n__t_it_i_e_s___o_f__L_e_a_d___ >Dlthia6fa. Hellmut Fischer and ;e leonoldl. Z. anal. Chsm.. 119. 161^8^19*0) . j;a>ttgman). study of 56 papers published in the last 12'<yers OBtfzjjiNdetsrninatlon of 7r7 sail quantities of lead with dithizone shows thetotherdiia sometimes a lack of clarity with respect to various important steps ik^ha procedure. A new, im proved procedure Is given'for the colorlmetrle detewaatloa of lead which is based on various suggestions in the literature and on .awe new experiments. A simple proeedure for titreting the colored solution laJjJse given which can be carried out with simple apparatus. A particular study ^i0mde of tha pH affoct with respect to the complete extraction of the lead dlthi&ogte. A good extrac tion can be made in alkaline potassium cyanide solutions s^Jklat separation end determinations of lead can be made in the presence of large excess of a metal like zinc. Traces of copper may catalyze tbs oxidation of dithizone by certain substances but such an effect can be prevented by adding faydrozylamine hydro chloride and boiling the solution. Since It ia possible to extract the lead from solutions containing potassium cyanide, the sensitivity of the test for lead in the preeenee of bismuth or stannous tin can be increased greatly; is little aa 0,9 gsmaa of lead can be detected in the presence ef 1 mg. of bismuth or 2.3 mg. of stannous tin* At pH 9, 0.3 |tmu of lead ean be detected in the presence of 18 mg* of thalllta. Per the detection of lead in the presence of considerable blanxth, it is recoaended to effect an extraction of the lead first at pH 3, whereby most of the blmth is raved and then carry out a second ex traction in strong potaselut cyanide solution* In the separation of lead fron Digest of Industrial fygiene - 21. thallium in the presence of petassiiai cyanide adventace 1* taken of the fact that the laad dithlzonate is fozaad before the analogous thalloua compound. 304 Lead Saconbalonathy aitiiaticg Cerebral Timor. A.M* Nussey and I. Drybrougl> Smith.' Brit. med. J. 2, 379-80 (September 21, 1940). A caso is described in which the patient's occupation had boon collecting bullets fired on a target range, ordinarily collecting half a ton per night, with very Inadequate respiratory protection* Illness began after aj years work, with characteristic symptoms of 1oa^jjtn.soning The similarity of the symptoms to ttese of cerebral twor is He improved on a milk diet with sad* tive^ihd calcita^ gluconate, and a*)conditioa after 14 weeks of treatment appe'Sw^ooimal^> 305 Mercuri 'm and' La the Pelt Sat Industry. Public HaA^tl 132 pp. U.S. Public Health Servl< D.C., 1941 uperintendeat of Documents -- Plfty-nina mercurialism were fouai on medfleeilamination of 534 hati ropresentatlve felt fcaVJ&toriwi. Pour of the ted and blowing; 8 coners; 6 of tbe 29 and 33 or rs, eottorrpdwKu po sizers were so dlag- irs and oaed to Sw^g'per 10 ou.m. of air; 2.7; fcters-< VR sizers to 2.1 mg. Hg per 10 c\um* of air. In any 1.0 mg. Hg per 10 cu*m. tbe indi- dance of mercurialism aslng duration of smploymrnt. So gases were found among hatters than 1.0 mg. 5g per 10 cu.m. of air) as measured by the Nordloa Chronic mercurlalimi is character- ized by fine, Intention tability of an exaggerated degree; daxmographla, exeessli ^abnormal rendlnaaa to blush; oxagger- ated tendon reflex aac certain^iy>Qsrmalltlea of the mouth. Mercur- lallsm cases wew^jflobhg'to excrete slightly aercury in their urine than similarly expgwpd($Ht nonaffectad worths, with elaveted systolic blood pressure gaaV^iJuaurla tended to exorm leafcdM&cury 1a their urine than si pi 1 agESSjMCppdod workers who were aoraak-, tbosi^spects. The most direct renting the occurrence of l^gfiafeg hatters is to substl- tatoxlo carroting agent for mere limii practicable, control mercury hazard depends on coordinated'- local exhaust ventila- so arranged and maintained as to prevent escapg^ff, mercury into tbs breathing zona of workers, and upon enclosure or stewgattM of fur storage rooms, blowers, driers, and other sources of tolati^saarcury. Sketches of hoods and other enclosures, and specifications for^ai; ow are presented. Methods for quantitative chemical analysis of the content of air, fur, task water, ate., and for the quantitative spectrograpl ^BAlytla of mercury in urine are described la detail. 306 Toaddtv of Mercury Vapors. Mario Adamo. Rass.aed.lnd. 90 (1939). (Italian). With guinea pigs subjacted to inhalations of asreury vapors under a variety of conditions the greatest toxic action was found when the degree of tamddity and the carbon diori.de content of the air were high. Mercury mines must be kept thoroughly oxygenated and low himldity must be maintained. 307 Industrial Mercury Poisoning. Leon Pallet. Arch, maladies profes. , 385*94 (1939). (Preach). Industrial poisoning by mereury is not very cotob in Prance. In Sweden it is caused by working on thexsos bottles and in Balgliai by working with mercury ecmpotnde. The principal sources of poisoning are distillation of asreury, use Digest of Industrial Sygiene - 22. of mercury pmps, manufacture of barometers and other tnetnments, silvering of mirrors, manufacture of chmnlcal ccmpounda, use of mercury salts in trea^ent of hids and the manufacture of fulminate caps. 308 Experimental Investigation on the Absorption of Mercury Vapors. Polco Dcaeaici. Rasa, nod, lad* 10. 703*11 I1939). (Italian). ?roa Cham. Absts., 34, 2934 (May 10, 1940). It was shows that whsa rabbits inhaled mercury vapors tho nervous system and nasal passages woro affected, but interi&nel lesions appeared only in a 1 percentage of the animals but when^ri^fjpies entered the digestive system the typtc$2r^ntestinal hemorrhagic lesleM were present. In this way nay be ex- plainod^o aerv^j^ disorder ng in cases of aercury poisoning. 309 Ocoupetiona&Ars< Suenkele. The chief c metric met The effec basisgf^n^dhj^tftos asSfch arsenic os and 120 gsaaa per g. and its Deteotlon br Chemical Metho< >-32, 37-8 (1940). (GomanT "" itionol arsenic poisoning ero rtviejedT^^lfhe colori- lination of arsenic in the taosfSoCT>ts described, .chronic) arsenic poisoniajrtore^Kecusaed on the agricultural and injMmSg^l workers. Arsenic 100 cc. of ur^irapQTgara&a per g. of the poisoning. c^MlcyAtir may contain 3.8 tinea As 5&0 gBBUi par 100 cc* of urine ofs )#an observed* i 310 Self Poisoning by Cadmiim 77-80 (1939). (Osman). The author, e chemist, having inhaled a coaei an irritating co Soma. v. tergiftungsfall., IQnl axp< with cadmim oxide poisoning, duet end fmes. Tho symptoms ware Be recovered in 8 days. 311 Pathology in the tttery Industry* 4J. -- <r> Med.del. Lavoro., 31. Scribes in detail the manx batteries and the case of soning which occur in that a year's obeerva- minor ailnenta other than >isoi ussrs suffered by the ne of whom had worked longer than 2 K ^1\ , New Data for Practical Design of Ventilation for Elec,ctrotting. W.P, Battista, T. Batch and L. Greenburg. Heating, Piping, Air CCns'I 12> 81-5 (Pebrunry, 1541} Because all electrolytic tanks have conventional sh$ee>and proportional dimen sions, certain basic fundamentals of deslei ore applicable to oil processes wherein dieemdnatlon of contaminants nskee control of'taflglation essential. This article considars fundamentals of task ventilation^^reference to pro portion and design* 2a usual practice, the atmospheric cdjggglnation is removed from on electroplating tank by means of lateral exhaust vonts^tlon through slottod air chobers or ducts along the two long sides of thi^tank* The capa city of the exhaust systrn should vary approximately with the 1*5 power of the tank width rather then directly with the tank width* The rote of ventilation should be constant throughout the length of the teak, but that condition Is act always achievable* The uniformity can he isprovod by use of manifolds of uni form cross-section with distributing vanes* 313 The Seologtad Sunday at Baths Cont*"**g Salts* Petal Accident in the Hardening of Toole hr Sodlm Cyanide* Pichtl. Arboltaechutz pp. 257-8 (1940[7 (Osman) 7 When an experienced worker pushed a tool through the crust cm the surface of a cyanide salt hath, the moltea material splashed through the opening and many Dig*at of Industrial STgiene - 23 droplet* Bade stall burns on the aanr a akin* He fainted a few minutes later and died after 43 minutes. Autopsy prsved poisoning by hydrogen cyanide absorbed froa the burned areas. 314 Pluorido Intoxication. D.A. Greenwood. Physiol. See., 20, 582-616 (October, 1940). An extensive reriev with 380 references to the literature on fluoride intoxica tion, cowering methods of analysis, inktfstrial uses of fluorides and acute and chronic intoxication in man and 315 Effedt^d^Chronic^ntozicatl ttt^Chloriae at Low Concentration on Expej al Tuberculosis ix^Aiine Vi aliiorU' ^PTease _m/jiV^ ' Pemand Arloing, Etienne Berthet and (1940). (Preach). _ The tub " '` eeelerated b7 respiration of sail i of chlorine chlorine is applied preetd^ ^rollowtag the infoetlo: 316 Asepti ! ib report of wit^sieroeeopio and represent the remains when the patient suff recompression. Walker. I, Bone and ^ following caisson disease in* changes seen are stated to by nitrogen boli foawd | years previously, not treated by/ \ 317 Sgpcrlaental Data on .dots on th* Skin. S.S. Eozental. Arch. sei. biol* (U.3 1940). (Russian, with English stamiary.) // Various samples cd^Mj^ha oil were inject 0 rabbit ears and the ensuing atypical epitheiw^proliferations warenlist ally examined as to their intensity raQ with a paraffin cont&r^f 2 are less toxic than those containidB^iw^ The sulfur and tar co' of/$\oils do not Influence the the skin reaction* The lowi*\ lotions of naphtha dis and the disable high-molecular -eaptohen mast todc. Sulfuric 'reatment renders the lower fractions h*^nest _ t tha higher ones. 3y of selective solvents (alcohol and pheoo|J)^it 1 ble to make the oils and tha naphtha haimless, but also to obtain very * cts. Naphtha oils as such haws no carcinogenic affect. 318 A11rffy *** *** Whotocraphcr. H.W. Greenwood. PiCt. 86. 378-80 (1959). Hotel poisoning" Is caused by Impurities in the metol^* ch STS. N,N-di- methyl-p-phenyleaedidlae is most usual. Tha cowanest ' are those of a weeping eezm*t and treadent consist# in the application ointment con- talning iebthyol and boric add, and the wearing of gloves and night, p-PhenylenedioBln* and its derivatives are know by tha enee of the fur and hair-dyeing trades, to be todc to nany persons, Chrome sores are due to the handling of chromium compounds, take the foj of ulcers around the finger nails and on the laiuaklo*. 319 A Case of Dg"atitls from 9-Bromofluorone and a Peculiar Reaction to the Patch Tost. Alfred Cavendith. Brit.J.Damatol.Svoh.. 32. 138-64 (1940). A generalized rash in a chemistry student was traced to contact with 9-bramoflucrene. Pluorene, fluorenone and fluorcnol, to which the student ims also exposed, were found to be innocuous. Digest of Industrial ^rgie&e - 24* 320 A New Industrial C*^**l Qeimatltla. 5.0. Stingily. Soutli tfed. 7., 33, 1266-71 (December, 194o) Sodium tetrachlorphenoxide Is ploycd to rid lmbar of a fungus that causes lajury and discoloration. This chemical has been observed to cause a fairly characteristic dermatitis. Those affected cease in direct contact with the oaterial in solution and the lesions appear in the exposed parts of the body. The sytptoms aro, first, a sensation of burning, followed by erythema and ulcer ation which nay persist for souths orwears. Ccnjunctivis is frequent. No pathogenic organisms have been grojm^wn the wood, but it is suggested that a sechhd degree fungus infection ^proaent, as the aatorlal from the ulcj is cgpule of looal auto-iaopulnti^pa' Treatment as yet is not highly sati tory,^rtT tho sutler belijS(tf4^$at curettage and acetic wash has benef effects*/ /' 321 W.2. Obetz. Subber Age. s used in rubber oanufad action of deiBStltis. ttents are brl< of clalrw esses which are pees ere classified, ed, and preventive is included. 322 k Process. 23. 117-8 ( dermatitis, listing sons of the npst , especially by use of liquids and W&Md of Frost) and the Question of Compensation Dermatol*ffchnach^w^.0 . 383-7 (1940) . (German), The author d< occupational naiu^f, aa^tSirefore compensation, in two of fire cases although in onasd^-thes tfrd/phere was a clear connection with t on, because it later'w4^ped:HwKC&sractor of constitutional ec skin tests were negative*^T|e autM^emphaaize* the fact that imitate tho circi^tancea^a.woiker^>occupatlon so far as a. In tbs other 3 cases the patch t{g-tmrv~$6altlT*, and the occupa- connectlon was clearly recognisable. ^ _ s%yj\ Const!tutn ftTiizat and the Question of Campanew^aa. . Doellkan. Dormatol. ffchnschr.. UP. 437-9 (1940). IfleimanT The author believes that the two cases rejected by Xod^JAbstract No. 323} are unquestionably occupational. In ono of tbm the patclttaet was nado too late, 2 years after the occupation as a baker had eadod. According to (German) court rulings, the disease must be compensated In spite of a cofStolbutory consututlon- &1 weakness, protlded tbs disease is aggravated or aecelef^m by the occupa tional influence; this ease is anciently coverod by this in&fpretation. Many occupational diseases are not consequences of sonsitlzatlon but aro caused by "wear and tear"; therefore, the value of tho patch test should not be overrated. 329 Constitutional Sesames end Expert Opinion. A. Welcker. Dermatol. ffchnschr. 111. 689-3 (19401. In continuation of tbs discussion of coses published by Koch and Doellken (Abstract Nos. 323 aad 324) ffelcker recognizes tbs ono ease as of occupational origin but not tbs other* He refers to a case of eczema, existing for 6 years in a nan who ground aad polished nickel plato parts. Tbs occupation was very dirty, aad the worker bad considered tbs dirt sad dust as causae of tbs eczema. However, careful inquiry shewed that- he also polished ebromita plated parts and that be was hypersensitive to all chroaiw compounds. Digest of Industrie! Hygiene - 25. 326 Occupational Dermatitis (Oil). C.G. Lane. Arch. Dexmatol. kSyphil., (Soc. twai.l 43, 184 (January. 1941). Tlx* author describes a case of dermatitis la a machinist, which evidently was caused by the oil which he used in his 40 years' experience* In addition to a number of areas of dermatitis, autopsy revealed carcinoma of the esophagus. This type of oil dezaatitis is fairly ccsmon In hut rare in this coun try, possibly because oils aployod here aro loss carcinogenic. 327 Experimental Pulmonary Cancor Induced^ the Rat by Respiration of Petroleum L_o_n G- ases A*."fi. ~Bo~ffo. hd&klrirt. exptl. oatud. cancer. 16. Mo. 52. Jh, with LshsMBary.) Tram Chan. Absts. 34. 6335 . &r .t of the work dnicribed in our abstmtf^b^Sls ta exposed to tbs effects of eoBbua$fSu^Rfes from pulmonary tuaors, with symptoms eaLccfipiicatioas The author statas that bytaocashfcnJa&tfe responsible in the lung through rosnirettgA^g combustion ugh absorption of food^eSotea% their toxic 328 According to the nutho: cancer in man* 329 The Carcinogenic Action of cancer* 28. 849-51 (193 So carcinogenic t poplar, etc.) wesnemnwathro* tles a backs of 40 whitfSkc^bad on the isndits oil tar, tha^e^^fr caused no tojC^& Siallarly^ffl^gercinogfmi c action was as a ^efSPaintment la silica gal, a throtatmt did not adhere well to the It is suggested that the absence to its low temperature of distlUntlo: that the carelnogonlo agoats of oil ter* tonporaturoe of about 830C. etti. Bull. aead. Bed., ewldanee that tar duet ever caused \ assoc, frnne. etude various woods (chestnut, oak, 6 weeks on the akin of the the eer of 2 rabbits. Unlike hoe, loss of weight, etc.), sin, povriered and made up of 20 mice; however, as with it ere not connotlvlty of wood ter (not over 400C), lyoycllelsatloa at 330 Tinors Produced hr Taw m*a Bonzopyrene in Amphibia." Koch, B. Sehrolber and a, Schreibear* Bull.assoc.franc.otude cancer. g, 82 1999). (Trench). Ketastizing skin toaors were produced in adalfct"T5rliton ttwatue and T. taeniatus by Injection of a solution of 0.23* tar In olive oil or *w|hjectlon of a 1,2-banzepyrame solution obtained by nixing (1:10) olive Sptod a 0.029 (55?) solution of l,2banzopyreae in bexuan* and than allowing tbs^^enxene to evaporate 331 Biological Considerations on Resin Cancer. 7. Tlrfcet and A. Halter. Bull, assoc, franc, etude cancer 29. 24-35 (1940) The 1,2-bonzanthrene end 3,4-banzopyrene contents of varloui resins, determined spoctrogrephically, were as follows: British resin 2 and Q.9*, Oexman resin 0.8* end trnoos, CoekerlU resin 1 and 0.2-0.3*, ougree resin 3 and 0.3-0.4*. Despite the presence of these carcinogenic agents, workers in Liege exposed to resin did not show e higher cancer incidence then the gnsrsl population. Digest of Industrial Asians - 26* 332 Shemld Coronary Piaeaae and gyoertenalon be a Causa fo* Sal action la laduati-y? Hjilr. Behaeman* J. An. Mad. Assoc* 116. 209-13 (Jiaumwr. 1941). Coronary disease and hypertension la workers present a d4tn in that they are not industrial la origin but restrict capacity for laborious work, and it is difficult to judge what procedure is fair to the employer, the worker and the insurance company. The beat method for Industry would be to adjust at once the T.ork of any of Its employees who over a period of years develop symptoms of these diseases* la case of applications ferf employment, an electrocardiogram will aid la determining the probable extaafcto#\ujury proseat, and spcelal Jobs may be fOua&ft which tha subject may wSfby^orfc* la some states a waiver may be. taud)which clam the smstaxer errosponsibility* The laws could pro] >ility of the wployer end therefore employ^Shjrof A0^h^^^^*tenslve or coronary disease* 333 Cardiac A^^tbtlfgy^^lcute Progressive Anoada* C.J. Wlggprf IntJled., la* acute/dac^3fslve the supply of oapgen to sv^aot solely coadi- tloi >n*ry veatilatioa oad en-carrylag capacity fcrolveicSl^Q an increased hi The mechaniai of the la drculi inaively orimente on allghtly thetlzed dogs, \ (pro, la respired oxygen volvsee to about 12(1 eglns when the volume is progrssa- Italy below 12(* glve& la the peper* When oxygen : volume decreases to 7 ry crisis ensues. It is essentially an acute eoagestlve heart fj ssent effect of aaofia on the myoenr- dl\a It probably reaslng coronary flow can no longer keep pace with the ra] ibl! on of oxygen la the blood* 334 Visual Sfflcle: ustry* vJ.JteJfed.Assoc., U6. 1349*1335 (March 29, acuity, with end^ >ut es, of all Industrial -wrkers The establishment of of visual efficiency for tapatloss is necessary* It the American Medical ;lan appoint a condttee for the ble* This ccmaittee aid in the correction of faulty sequelae of eye in* rios is dlseussed, some of which msy make refractive errors* The conservation of eyesight in Industry do.___ _ esting the eyoslgbt of applicants, (2) semination of the eyee of thod* defective vision, (3) proper placement of worfcors with defoctlve vi^fcefc, proper Illumination without glere, (5) education of workers regarding "~ to the eye, (6) pro- tectlon of eyes In hazardous jobs, and (7) prompt t of ocular Injuries. 335 Protective leuinment for gyes In Industry* H*7. Carman*^ .An*Ked*Assoe*, 116, 1343.1348 (Harsb 29, 19Ul7 Sye injuries are preventable -- tho experience of a large'taiss?dustrial concern over 10 yearn shows that this Is possible -- 22,000 epioyees having been saved from loss of sight or evan partial loss of vision* It has been estimated that 19( of the blind of America have lost their sight because of occupational hazards* About 2,000 eyes are lost In industrial accidents eseh year. The author outlines the method for Instituting a ecmpltte eye protection serrice in any plant, providing for preliminary visual seminations of eployees and a sur vey of the plant* *hsre is a lengthy discussion of mechanical protective de vices, especially goggles of all sizes and types* Safety devices os machines, UItmI,nation cad ventilation aro briefly considered* The author intimates that there is little information available on tho eye hazards of Industrial poisons* Digest of Industrial 9rsloe - 27. 336 Radiation la Kleetrio Are Waldtog, j. ]Uy* Arbeitsschutz, pp* 117-8 (1940). (German}* The author rtperti on tha investigations by LeCoate (Abstract no* 395, 1940) In bis own investigation of electric welding ha found only tha seme rays as in carbon arc voiding, so x-rays and no gamma rays* 337 Industrial Injuries to the Era* 3* Walker end S*L* Auten* I. An. Sled* Assoc., U6. 1356*1357 (Uarch 29. 1941) * .` It is important to detexmlno tha visugBacuity at tha time of tha first visit, and in *ha injured ayo first* In^rffeea^hich appear trivial ara often potential in tha pr&Siee of focal infaction* Tho usa of & myd thff^Bilraftar removal of foreign bodlas frca<^^> coxnaa affords tho patiant comfort itches tend to produce infection by used* In doubtful eases* tha plamtyplMtfdian sill to an oculist* Tha authors ^tln-^'Croakdcwn typaa of laaions* In tbslr iriairof acre than bodies have bon tha eaug&ivi :nt in 48^. Tha appearance disapproval of expresses no opinions* entitled "An Abortive for this year* dosage of tincture in phaisaeclogy* with tuberculosis to consult the abstracted artfpl does not imply approval or. The Digest merely reports* iff the instance of Abstract #801 appeared in the Kerch issue * company point# out that the of that given by two textbooks would be dangerous in individuals Our ley readers are advised medication mentioned in Aerosol filtration 266 Aniline determination 290 Anoxia 333 Arsenic poisoning 309 IMPS (April, 1941) Zlectrical precipitator 267 Electroplating entllatlon design 312 Bro injuries 337 Pluerocar? Occunational disease compensation 302 statistics 3C0 Ozone determination 297 Phagocytosis In lung 259 Protective equipment CadaiT poisoning 310 Caisson disease pathology 316 Cancer experimental 327resin tar dust TOOd t ^dotermination 269*270-271 in foundries 272 pathology 273 Carbon Bonoa.de hemoglobin determination 274-282 Colds, caaaaon incidence 298 prevention 301 CQTnnft^r disease 332 Cyanide poisoning 313 Dust control 248-249 In ceramic laiustxy 2S7 in asbestos industry 262 Duet determination general 250-231 metbods 246-247 Lead ^ determine?^ encephal Legal dec!si 234-233 240-241-242-24 Mangwa polsoni 311 Medicine, industrial 245 Hercurl all exporlmental 306-308 in fait hat industry 305 general 307 Methyl chloride poisoning 292 Haphtha oil effect on skia 317 nitrobenzene det* 290 Mltrous fines 293 ntal porphyry pathology report statistics fflrtw mmm broaoflucrine 319 f general 322-323-324 329 1 oU 326 in photography 31S in rubber industry 3ZL sodium tetrachlor- pheaozide 320 Soldaring fluid 268 Sulfur dioxide in foundries 275-295 repulsion of 252-253 general 291 rculoels effdet of chlorine 215 336 X-ray tr-- 263 of dust 265 Xrlaaa general 291