Document O1xbZXekQ1g03OpVXkBQaLVVM
Monsanto
Carrox-y 80b S LmdStrgh Bo jllvsrd
St Louis. Missouri 631CC Pfter.fl (314) Ci4-*000
August 14, 1970
T>
Dear Sir:
You have received our letters of February 27, 1970 and
June 1, 1970 covering Monsanto's withdrawal of poly
chlorinated biphenyls (PCSs) from the market. The
February 27 letter reviewed some of the potential hazards
of PCBs and of environmental polution in general. The
June 1 letter announced that we were withdrawing all poly
chlorinated biphenyls used as plasticizers or modifiers
from the market, and that the last shipment of these
materials would be made August 30, 1970.
'
In as much as you may have some Inventory of these materials which you might be planning to use during the period in which you change over to other products, we felt it impera tive to inform you of the latest information concerning PCBs.
It was recently brought to our attention that the Food and Drug Administration has apparently established guidelines
setting forth suggested maximum levels of PCEs allowacle in certain foods. These levels, as we understand them, are 5 parts per million in fish and 0,2 parts per million In milk. Monsanto, therefore, strongly recommends that
PCBs not be used in applications which could lead, either directly or indirectly, to the contamination of food and
water supplies for humans or animals. Examples of applications which would seen particularly hazardous would be coatings for water treatment facilities, coatings for
food handling equipment, or coatings for such farm items as silos and feed hoppers.
TRAN 004921
HARTOLDMON0027447
-2-
It has recently come to our attention that PCBs have been found In cows milk. This adds emphasis to Monsanto's re commendation that PCBs not oe used In any application wr.ere they might come In contact with or otherwise contaminate food4 silage, water supplies, etc.
The latest available bulletin on our line of Aroclors is enclosed for your use. This puollcatlon replaces and supercedes bulletin 0/PL-305 - Aroclor Plasticizers. The only products listed which will be sold after August 21, 1970 are 1) Aroclor 1221, a mor.ochlorinated biphenyl which is readily biodegradable, and 2) . Aroclors 34i*2 and 5-60, both chlorinated terphenyls which have not shown themselves to be environmental contaminants. Please pay special atten tion to the section cf this bulletin which relates to environmental hazards.
In addition to the products listed above which will remain on the market, Monsanto will sell a series of blends of Aroclor 1221 and Aroclor 5460 which will replace the poly chlorinated biphenyls for many applications.
During this withdrawal of PCBs from the market, Monsanto has had In effect a modified returned goods policy stating that unopened containers less than one year old could oe returned for full credit through July 31, 1-73 From August 1 through August 31, 1970, 90 percent credit would be allowed. Prom September 1 through December 31, 1973, 50 percent credit would be allowed. The customer will pay all return freight. All of the dates In the time schedule for this returned goods policy are hereby extended an additional two months.
Monsanto realizes that the removal of these products from the market has caused a great deal of concern and expense for our customers. This is certainly regrettable. However, it appears to us that as a responsible supplier, this is the only reasonable course of action. We stand ready to assist you as we can with your reformulation* work.
/dbw
Walter . Schalk Director of Sales Plasticizers
TRAN
004922
HARTOLDMON0027448
AROCLOR' PLASTICIZERS A series of inert, chemically resistant, fire retarding plasti cizers compatible with a wide variety of resins.
TRAN 004923 HARTOLDMON0027449
Table of Content
Properties as Plasticizers Key to Nomenclature Applications by Product Aroclor' Markets Formulations:
Delayed Tack Adhesives Emulsion Adhesives Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Hot Melt Adhesives Polysulfide Sealants Chlorinated Rubber Coatings Acrylic Lacquer Physical Properties Toxicity and Safe Handling
I*se
2 3 6 8
10 11 13 13 17 18
19* 2o 22
. hi ipi Twinini ii iin i
TRAN 004924
........... hmj
HARTOLDMON0027450
-2-
Properties as Plasticisers The Aroclor^ reslns/plastlclzcrs and their blends have an unusual combination of properties which make them extremely useful products. Their most important char acteristics are:
Low Cost Highly Compatible Chemically Stable Fire Retardant Excellent Adhesion Another very useful aspect of this product line is the fact that a continuous range of properties can be achieved by using combinations of the Aroclors and their blends. Some of the physical properties which can be controlled through product selection are shown on the following pages. Our Aroelor product line is now made up of polychlorinated terphenyls, monochlorlnated biphenyl, and blends of these products. None of these materials has been shov:n to create any environmental problems. On the other hand, Food and Drug Administration approval has not been obtained for any of these products. Accordingly, the Aroelor* plasticizers should not be used in connection with food or food-related products, with food wrapping or food container materials. Further, Monsanto strongly recommends that these products not be used in any other application such as non-FDA re gulated food systems, in potable water systems, in any .animal feeding systems, or in pharmaceuticals.
TRAN 00+925
HARTOLDMON0027451
Key to Nomenclature
5400 Series
These products are chlorinated terphenyls. The last two digits indicate the chlorine content of the material, e.g., Aroclor'5 5^60 is a chlorinated terphenyl with 60 percent chlorine. Undistilled Aroclors'4' are available
and are designated by a 5000 series vs. the 5400 series. They are somewhat higher in color but otherwise have product characteristics similar to the distilled products.
.
6000 Series
These products are blends of Aroclor^ 5^60 and Aroclor* 1221-3, a biodegradable monochlorinated biphenyl. The last two digits are an Indication of the proportion of Aroclor5 5460 in the blend, e.g., Aroclor* 6c62 has more ArocloH* 5460 in it than does Aroclor^ 6050.
Miscellaneous Blends
Other product blends containing such other materials as Santlcizer 140 for improved fire retardancy, or toluene/ xylene for lower viscosities will also be made available as the demand for these specialty products develops.
6
TRAN 004926 HARTOLDMON0027452
-4-
AROCLORS
Adhesion/Tack Hardness Flexibility Fire Retardance Volatility Chlorine Content Viscosity Density Permanence Compatibility
5432 5442 5460 ------------------ increasing------- -------c* --------------- increasing------ --------- o- - decreasing-------------.. - -- -increasing ' ---------decreasing------------------ ------- ----- increasing-------- ------cs*
increasing------------ -cs* -- ----------increasing--------------- c** ------------------ increasing-------------- cs* --"-^^ecrcaglns-----*--^
TRAN 004927 HARTOLDMON0027453
5-
AROCLOR BLENDS
60fr0 Adheslon/Tack Hardness Flexibility Fire Retardance Volatility Chlorine Content Viscosity Density Permanence Compatibility
6050
6062
-increasing
-increasing-
decreasing-
-increasing-
decreasing-
increasing-
increasing
increasing
-increasing
decreasing-
6070
6090
TRAN 004920 HARTOLDMONOQ27454
Applications by Product
Listed below are some of the applications where these products can be used:
Aroclor Blends
6040
Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion Adhesives
SBR Adhesives
Miscellaneous applications where a high degree of flexibility Is required.
6050 6062
6070
Chlorinated Rubber and other Resin systems for Coatings.
Inks Polysulfide Sealants/Adhesives
e
Chlorinated Rubber Coatings and Adhesives
SBR Coatings and Adhesives
Miscellaneous applications where high chlorine content, high tacx, are required.
Inks
-
*
Polysulfide Adhesives
. Chlorinated Rubber Adhesives '
Miscellaneous applications where very high
chlorine content and very high tack are
required.
.-
6090
Radiation Curing Applications
TRAN 004929
HARTOLDMON0027455
-7
Aroclora 5**32
5442 5460
Polysulfide Sealants/Adhesives Chlorinated Rubber Coatings and Adhesives SBR Coatings and Adhesives
Surface Coatings
Hot Melt Adhesives, Surface Coatings
TRAN 004930 HARTOLDMON0027456
AROCLOR MARKETS
Aroclor Applications Adhesives
Delayed Tack Emulsion
Pressure Sensitive
Hot Melt
Polymers and/or Binders
Aroclor Recommended
SBR, PVAc, PS
6090, 5^60
PVAc, SBR, AcrylicVAc, Acrylic-ethylene
*
Natural Rubber, SBR, Cl Rubber
1221-B, 6040, 605 1221-B, 6062, 5
EVAc, FVB, Phenoxles, 5460, 5465, 5C50,
Polyamides
Montar 5
Sealants
Polysulfide, Nitrile Epoxy, Polyurethane
5460/S-261, HB-40, 6070, 5-3`
Caulking Compounds
Acrylics
5460, 6070
Surface Coatings Paints
Lacquers
, PVAc, PVC, Nitriles, * 5460, 6062, 6:70 Styrene, Acrylics
Alkyd, Cl Rubber
5460, 6062, 6C70 . 6090
TRAN 004931
HARTOLDMON0027457
9
AROCLOR MARKETS (Continued)
Aroclor Apollcatlo is
Polymers and/or Binders
Surface Co;.tin.?;s (Continued)
' Varnish
Polysulfide
Paper Costings
Ethyl Cellulose
Printing Inks
Nitrocellulose, Acrylic
Miscellaneous Lost Wax Casting
Wax
Impregnating Phenolic Resistors
Reoinox, PVC
Laminating Resins
Phenolic
Epoxy Resins
Epoxy
Aroclor RecommencUd
6070
6040, 6050
5460, 607<-, 6c 6090
5442, 546c, 546 . 5460, 6052
5460, 6070
6062, 6070
TRAN 004932 HARTOLDMONOQ27458
-10DELAYED TACK ADHESIVES
Total MarkeS for Plasticizers: 3-4 Million Pounds/Year
Typical FornulatIons:
Component
1. Dlphelyl Phthalate
Cumar W 12
.
Lustrix 15 .
Parts by Weight
60.6 15.1 . 24.3
2. Vinso.l Resin
Santi :lzcr 1-H
Acrysol M. R.
Thinned amine dispersant
Thinned amine dispersant
Steric Acid Poly-pale Resin 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol
Water
50.0 50.0 10.0 250.0
i' 1 1. 3
Properties Desired: 1. Activation at specific temperature. 2. Remains tacky for specific time period. 3 Remains bonded over wide temperature range.
Current Recommendations:
1. Dicyclohexyl Fhthalat'e - DCHP
2. Diphenyl Fhthalate
.
3* Santlclscr 1-H
.
4. Aroclor 5460 '
5 Aroclor 6090
TRAN 004933
HARTOLDMON0027459
-11EKULSION APHESIYSS
Total Market for Plasticizers: 35- 0 Million PoundsAear
Typical Foruulations:
Gelva S-55
Santicizcr 218-A
90
10
100
0 ;lva TS-65 Sinticlzcr 885
9C
10
T5c;
Oelva S-77
Aroclor 1221-B
90
10
100
Gslva TS-100 Aroclor 6040
9C 1C Tog
Aircoflex UOO Aroclor 6050
95
TU6 '
Gftlva TS-100 Aroclor 1221 Staybellte Ester 10 Butyl Acetate
Santomerse SX
65
1C
15 10
0 TB37T
Properties Desired:
1. Controlled wet tack: in most cases, the shorter the wet tack time before the adhesive grabs, the better.
2. Open time of at least one minute: open time Is
the time during which two adhered substrates can
be adjusted after making contact.
.
3* Physical properties of adhesive film: the cohesive strength of the adhesive must be strong enough to hold the substrates together.
TRAN 004934 HARTOLDMON0027460
-12SMULSION ADHESU'ES (Continued) 4. Relatively high heat delamination temperature: this depends on the film forning polymers, the type and amount of plasticizer. 5. Qood resistance to water: prolonged immersion In water causes loss of adhct.ion by most emulsion adhesives at elevated temperatures.
TRAN 004935
HARTOLDMONOQ27461
-13PRBSSURS SENSITIVE ADiESIVES
Total Market for Plasticizers: 30 Million Pounds/Year
Typical Formulations:
Component
1. Calerdercd Into Fabric
Cellulose"Acetate Sar.ticizer 8 Sar tollte MHP
Parts by Weight
1 3 2
2. Hot Melt Type
Crepe Rubber
Polyisobutylene
Ester Cum
*
Santollte MHP
Aroclor 6070
Wax
-
. 15 15 20 20 30 10
Properties Desired: 1. Low volatility 2. Good heat stability 3. High flow/sprcr.dcbility at elevated temperatures 4. Good moisture resistance 5. Broad use temperature range
TRAN 004936
HARTOLDMONOQ27462
-14PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVES (Continued) Current Recommendations: . 1. Santlclzcr l6o 2. Santlclzcr 148 3. Aroclor 5460, 6040, 6070 4. Santcllte MHP
TRAN 004937 HARTOLDMONOQ27463
-15HOTMELTAD! fES T\'] IS
Total Market for Plastlfier/Tackificr: 30-40 Million Pound:/Year
Typical Formulations: .
Component
1. Basic Formula
EVAs Aroslor 5460 Microcrystalllne Wax
Parts by Weight
30 40 30
Alkali Disocrsable Bookbiniim Adhesive
PVA 2 San;icizer 160
Aroolor 5432 Nevellac Hard
Acrowax C Sodium Benzoate
40
8 26 24
1
0.75
e
Properties Desired: 1. Good heat stability 2. Sharp melting point 3. Satisfactory viscssity/temperature relationship 4. Bond flexibility 5. Adhesion *
TRAN 004938 HARTOLDMON0027464
-16HOT MELT ADHESIVES (Continued) Current Recommendations: 1. Aroclor 5^60, 5465 2. Aroclor 5060, Montar 5 3. SantJsizer loO, 141, 148 4* Santlcizer 8
TRAN 004939 HARTOLDMON0027465
-17POLYSULFIDE seal; NTS
Typical Formulation:
Thiokol LP-2
Lead dioxide paste
'
(50# Pb03, 45# S-160, 5# St. acid)
Plasticiser
100 15
Fillers such as SRF black, MT bli ck, Lithopone, Zinc Sulfide and York Whiting may be included in the 15 to 75 phr ringe.
Properties Desired:
'
1. Adhesions
2. Specific Rate of Cure
3. Specific Creep Characteristics
4. Shelf Stability
5. Pot Life
Current Recomrendatlcns
1. Santicizcr 26l
2. HB-40 .
..
3. Blends of Aroclor 5460/S-26l (Santicir.er 326)
4. Aroclor 5^6o/S-l6o
5. Santlciscr 143
`
TRAN 004940
HARTOLDMONOQ27466
18CHLOHUiATZD RUSHER COATINGS
Typical Foimulation:
Parlon S~10
pon 828
Epichlorhydrin
Xylene
Plastici::er
.
Ti02
Carbon ? ack
3tr 1 0.2
IOC
25
36.4 C .4
Properties Desired: 1. Water impermeability 2. Chemical resistance
.3. Adhesion to substrate
4 Flexibility
Current Recommendations:
1. Aroclor 6c62
'
2. Aroclor 5432
3. Fhthalate ester (if not chcm. resistance reg. )
4. Aroclor 54oO/Santiciser 711 3/1 or 4/1
TRAN 004941
HARTOLDMONOQ27467
-19ACRYLIC LACQUER
Typical Fcimulatlon:
Lucitc 6)11 or 6012
1/2 sec. cellulose acetate butyrate Plasticiser
250 (~100 solid:) 0 to 40
20 to 40
Properties Desired:
'.
1. Good adhesion
'
2. Superior pigment wetting
3. Resistance to water and dilute alkalis
4. Excellent weatherability
5. Good abrasion resistance
6. Toughness over a broad temperature range
7 Low volatility of the plasticizer
Current Recommendations:
1. Santisizer 26l 2. Aroelor 6052 3. Aroelor 5442 4. Santicizcr 140 5* Santlcizer 160
TRAM 004942 HARTOLDMON0027468
i
i s i TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OP AROCLORS AND MQCLOR BLENDS
Property
Aroclor
. 1221-B
Appearance
Clear, mobile
oil
AROCLORS
Aroclor Aroclor
5432 _.. . 5442
Clear, yellow
viacoua liquid
Clear, yellow aticky realn
Aroclor 5460
Clear, yellow to amber brittle resin or flakes
Aroclor 6040
Clear, light yellow mobile oil
AROCLOR BLENDS
Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
6050
6062
6070
Aroclor
6090
Clear, light yellow
mobile oil
Clear, yellow
viscous liquid
Light yellow sticky resin '
Light yellow resin
Color, Maximum
100 APHA* 2 MPA*
2 MPA*
2 MPA*
2 MPA*
(Molten) (Molten) (Molten)
2 MPA*
2 NPA*
2 NPA*
2 NPA*
Specific Gravity
1.125 - 1.200* - 1.470
1.1*0
1-300
(asy %
(25V. , <97. % 25s C)
15*5 C) 15.5s C)
I.670
(25j/ % 25s c)
Acidity,
0.014*
Maximum
(Mg KOH/Om),
i
Moisture ppm Maximum
-
6
-
.05*
.05*
-
Refractive - 1.6>0 - 1.659 - 1.660 -
Index
1. ujO
1.662
1.66'j
cr 2, * C
1.326* - 1.344* - 1.407* - 1.425* -
1.346
1.357
1.427
1.440
(257. % <67. % (657
(907. ,
15.5s c) 15.5s c) 15.5s C) 15.5s c)
1
0.035*
.035* 0.035*
.035*
.035*
250* 1.6334
250* 1.6390
250* 1.6463
250* 1.6307
|"
1
1.6joj
HARTOLDMON0027469
TRAN 0 0 * 9 * 3
TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AROCLORS AND AROCLOR BLENDS
Property
Aroclor 1221-B
Viscosity ^ fASTO D-88)
38 (100 P
sus)
Plash Point * P Minimum
(Cleveland Open Cup)
260
AROCLORS______________
Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
5432
5442
5460
50-60 (210 P
SUS)
300-400 (210* P
SUS)
*
*
470* p 477
None to Bolling
___________________ AROCLOR BLENDS
Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
6040
6050
6062
6070
106-146* 110-125* 54-64*
(100* P (130* P (210* F
SUS)
SUS)
SUS)
82-102*
(210* P SUS)
Aroclor 6090
--
260 260 260 260 340
Plre Point 280
660 p >662
None to 300
310
320
325
550
* P Mlnlnun
Bolling
(Cleveland
Oped Cup)
Softening Point * C
9 A. --____ '__
46-52* 98-105.5* . - - - - 64-70*
Monsanto Specification
'
I
TRAN 0 0 *9 4 4
HARTOLDMON0027470
-22-
Toxlcltv and Safe Handling
Inhalation
At ordinary temperatures, the Aroclor chlorinated poly phenyls have not presented Industrial toxicological pro blems. The hazard of potential toxic exposure varies with their volatility: the lower-chlorinated, more volatile ones present more of a potential problem from the standpoint of both Inhalation and skin contact. When Aroclor plasticizers are used at elevated tempera tures, engineering controls must be applied, either by the use of closed systems or by effective local-exhaust ventilation together with general workroom exhaust.
Vapor of the liquid Aroclor plasticizers at room tempera ture should not be breathed In a confined space, and no vapor of any Aroclor evolved at elevated temperatures should be allowed to be dispersed into the general work room.
Skin Contact
Continuous or repeated skin contact with the Aroclor
'plasticizers must be avoided by the use of gloves and
. protective garments, because of the possible occurrence
of a condition called chloracne. Although reports of
this condition caused by Aroclor are rare, it can be
produced by excessive skin contact. If any Aroclor is
spilled on the skin, the skin should be washed in the
usual manner with a soap solution.
,,
A burn caused by contact with a hot Aroclor should be
treated like any ordinary turn. Aroclor plasticizer
adhering to the burned area need not be removed immed
iately, unless treatment of the burn demands It, in
wi,ich case either soap and water or repeated washings
with a vegetable oil are recommended.
*
TRAN 004945
HARTOLDMON0027471
DISTRICT SALES OFFICES All DIVISIONS
ATLANTA GEORGIA 30326 Lems Ttwets iest
3400 Pttehtrtt Rd.N. -- Suit 1711
7eL (4041 577-2260
BOSTON. MASSACHUSETTS 02149
Svetett Sutton
Tel (St 7) 3S7-S010
CHICAGO. ILLINOIS
3158 Dei Pteines Are. Dot Plsinee. tUinoit COOli
TtL (3121 295-CSSS
CINCINNATI. OHIO 45206
1501 Mediten Pud TtL (513) 751-6707
'
CLEVELAND. OHIO 44122
3645 WentneviUt Centos Rd. TtL (21$) SSI-5460
. DETROIT. MICHIGAN 48235
5W Ntrtbiend lowers test TtL (313) 357-0910
HONOLULU. HAWAII 96812
205 Potills tnterneibnet Btdj.
$77 Alt Mesne
P. O. Be* 3824
Tel. (08) 512 744
HOUSTON. TEXAS 77002
1300 Mein Street
TtL (713) Copilot 3-4011
LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA 90022
6870 E. flotilt* SL
TtL (213) 723-2492
MINNEAPOLIS. MINNESOTA 55402 12 Horthtter Center 110 S.-SevtntH SL
Tel ($12) 339-4651
NEW YORK. NEW YORK 10017
277 Peek Avenue ' TtL (212)922-4111
PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA 15222
He. 4 Getewey Center Bldg. Room 534
TtL (413) 281-2156
ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI 63166
BOOH, lindbtrgh Bled. TtL (314) Oeftrd 4-1000
SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA
2710 Ltfertttt, Sente Clere. Celif. 95052
TtL (40S) 243-0414
SEATTLE. Y.'ASH/NGTON 98104
@11 Wttttm Avenue TtL (205) Mein 2 4203
SPRINGFIELD. MASSACHUSETTS 01101
730 Wettttter Ave. Tel (413) 7B3-B91I
WILMINGTON. DCLAV.'ARE 19903
2005 Cteseted P.te. ftitfe* . . ?e& (3@2) 0lynpit $-$531
-MONSANTO. 600 ff. LINDBERGH BLVD..
.v
.w
A ddttienit District Offiete trt meinteined by:
Agricultural Division
MAINS. LOUISIANA 70070 P.O. Beam TtL (S04) 7I4-C2I3
MEMPHIS. TENNIISEE 21113 107S SM4i Oiiti
yjb. mldni
TtL (SOI) WlwtRHI 7-11S1
Toctllos Division
AKRON. OHIO 4017 MSO Wtti Mmn Sl TtL (111) I36-7S41
ATLANTA. GEORGIA 70101 ARtMt UmUiAti Mifl tto Nllimi Sl. N. W. TtL (404) I77-27LO
CHARLOTTE. NORTH CAROLINA 71701 WtcRovit Im OuMiitf ITS Wttl Titt SL TtL (704) 176-1171
.(nclewooo currs. n. j otsii ssi rnuMi Avt. TtL (701) SOS-11SI
NEW'TORA NE.V YORK ISO E.W Am. TtL (701) U6-SIOO
Hydrocarbons & Polymers Division-Uen Oil
U. OORASO. ARKANSAS 71770 Uen 4 uilCin# TtL (SOI) Un* 2-3111
JACKSON. MISSISSIPPI TITOS P. 0. Sot 10177 Wattitn* SubtA TtL (691) 1S1-7S4I
UTTLf ROCK. ARKANSAS 77703 ISIS WtltStvtflUi SL TtL (SOIIEcttUn 6-347?
ME10M7P3HPISre.t-THEMNN0E*SMSEE 30113 P.O.Om 11741 TtL (SOI) WMthtl 7-31 SI
Organic Chemicals Division (Rubber Industry)
AKRON, OHIO 44311 130 itavm Svih P. 0. Oat 7307 TtL (HI) HtflMeck 4-1121
ST. LOUIS&. MISSOURI 63166
f
TRAN 004946
HARTOLDMONOQ27472