Document O1rob1ZmpKXjG33wgKJK9Oe2Q

Report of Results: KVA0154 Manchester, Mew Hampshire Prepared for: Farad, Guadagnino, Lange S Johns Suite 300, Times Square Building 45 Exchange Street Rochester, Mew York 14614 Prepared by: Millette, Vender Mood a Associates, Inc. 5500 Oakbrook Parkway, Suite 200 Morcross, Georgia 30093 29 October 1991 PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT |i c Report of Results: MVA Project Mo. 0154 Manchester, NH MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE ASBESTOS CONCENTRATIONS DURING THE REMOVAL OF VALVE PACKING INTRODUCTION Most piping systems use valves to regulate the flow of fluids or gases within them. The valves, especially In industrial facilities, may contain asbestos packing material which acts as a seal to prevent fluid or gas leakage as the valve is turned. At various time intervals the valves must be repaired or maintained by removing the packing and replacing it with new packing, in some large steam plants it is common practice to collect a number of valves together and perform the removal and repacking of these valves at one time, and this effort may Involve several workers and take several days to complete. The purpose of this study was to document the airborne levels of asbestos, if any, during valve packing removal activity. ASBESTOS PACKING MATERIAL According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), asbestos packing means an asbestos-containing product intended for use as a mechanical seal in circumstances involving rotary, reciprocating, and helical motions, and which are intended to restrict fluid or gas leakage between moving and stationary surfaces (1). The graphite impregnated packing material which has the appearance of shiny stiff rope is the type most commonly used in valves. Compression packings are manufactured from various-forms of fibers, such as vegetable, animal, mineral (asbestos), or synthetic combined with binders and lubricants. The types of construction include twisted or braided (2). Packings are not considered friable asbestos-containing materials (ACM) because they are not easily crumbled into fine or dusty material by hand pressure. However, EPA states that products such as packing may release asbestos dust if cut or torn (3). STUDY TEAM The on-site research team consisted of James R. Millette, Ph.D., of Millette, Vender Wood & Associates, Inc. (MVA), Michael D. Mount, OHST, of Azimuth, Inc., and Robert Yantz, a retired steam plant maintenance worker. Page -- 2 - STUDY SITE The study was conducted in an unused steam power plant in Manchester, New Hampshire. The study team conducted the valve packing removal tests after an asbestos abatement contractor had prepared a double containment area around two valves attached to the main power plant turbine. Prior to the studies, the abatement contractor prepared the valves by removing all pipe insulation from the valve area and thoroughly cleaning each valve. In a separate area of the plant the abatement contractor also prepared a third valve which had been disconnected from the steam plant piping system by similarly removing all the pipe insulation and cleaning the valve thoroughly. This valve was later moved into the containment for packing removal. The containment barriers in the area consisted of layers of 6-mil polyethylene plastic sheets on a wooden frame and two layers of 6-mil polyethylene plastic on the floor. A containment area (5 ft by 7 ft) around the valves was completely contained within a larger containment area (7 1/2 ft by 11 ft). The study area had two High Efficiency Particle Absolute (HEPA) air filtration devices (AFD) used to clean the air of particulates Including asbestos. The inner area AFD was turned off during each phase of testing. The outer area AFD operated throughout the tests. A diagram of the area is shown In Appendix A. PERSONAL PROTECTION All personnel inside the study area were protected by air purifying respirators and complete head and body coverings. The decontamination system consisted of a hallway outside the testing area, a shower room, and a clean room. The decontamination system was used each time a person exited the study area and the overall containment area. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES The study was conducted on August 27, 1991, and consisted of collection of air samples before and during a valve packing removal activity to compare the airborne asbestos fiber levels. The activity was replicated three times. Prior to starting each part of the study, four area air samples were collected to ^ determine the background level of asbestos in the air of the study area. The sampling cassettes were located on the walls at the breathing zone, five feet from the floor, a total volume of 720 to 840 liters of air passed through each cassette at a flow rate of 15 liters per minute. Two area air samples were collected during the valve packing removal in the same locations as the background air samples. The person doing the packing Page - 3 - removal (Mr. Yantz) was fitted with two personal air sampling devices. These personal air samples were collected at a rate of about 2-3.5 liters per minute. The person observing and taking photographs (Dr. Nillette) also wore two personal air sampling cassettes. These air samples were collected at a rate of 2 - 3.5 liters per minute. Following packing removal from a valve attached to the power turbine, the area was cleaned and another valve found disconnected from the piping system was moved to the containment. The air filtration unit was turned on for a period of approximately 2 hours to reduce the number of airborne fibers in the study area. Prior to the second test a new set of background samples was collected. After the second test the area was oleaned and the air filtration unit again allowed to cleanse the air. The first two valve packing removal activities consisted of opening a valve and reaching in with a variety of tools to pull out the old packing. The third test utilized the same valve that had been opened in the second test. More packing was removed. Mr. Yantz brought his own tools and performed the removal-of packing in the same way that he had in his previous years of work with industrial valves. Pieces of the removed packing were placed in plastic bags and stored for analysis. Each packing removal activity occurred for approximately 30 minutes. Three sampling locations were established outside the study area to monitor the airborne fiber levels during the packing removal. Two samplers were positioned in the outer containment area and one was placed outside the entrance the decontamination system. These samples were analyzed to make sure that fibers were not escaping the contained study area. ANALYTICAL. METHODS All samples were analyzed by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) following the method currently required under Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations. This method, developed by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is called the NIOSH 7400 method. The analyst followed the "A" counting rules which are currently specified by OSHA for asbestos monitoring. The phase contrast microscope enhances the analyst's ability to see fibers over other types of light microscopes but the technique does not involve an ' identification step which specifically determines that the fibers counted are all asbestos. Therefore, in addition, some of the samples were analyzed by transmission eleatron microscopy (tem) following the NIOSH 7402 preparation method. The TEM analysis procedure identifies asbestos fibers on the basis of morphology, crystal structure, and x-ray elemental analysis. Only asbestos fibers longer than 5 urn were counted. Page - 4 - Samples of the packing material removed from the valves were analyzed for asbestos type by polarized light microscopy (plm) techniques. Samples of the packing material were also examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine whether or not the chrysotile fibers were encapsulated. The friability test to determine whether or not an asbestoscontaining material potentially will release asbestos is a field test in which an attempt is made to crumble the ACM by hand. If the material can be crumbled by hand, it is considered friable. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) distinguishes friable from non-frlable ACM in their regulations on handling asbestos products. Friable ACM is considered more of a potential hazard than non-friable material. RESULTS The results of the PCM analyses of the air samples collected in the study area are shown in Table I. Prior to the first test, the background air samples showed that the air contained less than 0.006 fibers/cc. During the actual removal activity, one personal sample collected on Mr. Yantz, the person doing the packing removal, showed that his exposure was about 0.2 fibers/cc. The personal samples on Dr. Millette, who was observing the removal operation ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 fibers/cc. Prior to the second test, three of the four background air samples were less than 0.006 fiber/cc. One background sample was 0.009 flbers/cc. The personal samples on Mr. Yantz during the packing removal showed levels of over 1 fiber/cc In the air. The personal samples on Dr. Millette ranged from about 0.6 to 0.9 fibers/cc. Prior to the third test, all background air samples showed the airborne fiber concentration to be less than 0.007 fiber/cc. The personal samples on Mr, Yantz during the packing removal ranged from about 0.4 to 0.7 fibers/cc. The personal samples on Dr. Millette ranged from 0.2 to 0.3. The area samples collected in the vicinity of the packing removal activity were elevated over the background levels In all three tests. The air samples collected outside the double containment at the door to the decontamination unit were less than detection limits. * The TEM analyses results are shown in Table II. Chrysotile asbestos fibers were identified as the primary fiber in the air samples collected during the packing removal. Chrysotile asbestos was the type of asbestos found by polarized light microscopy in the packing material removed. All asbestos fibers longer than 5 ym were counted and recorded during the TEM Page -- 5 - analysis. However/ fibers thinner than about 0.25 ym would not be resolved by the PCM method which uses a light microscope. Therefore/ two asbestos concentrations are listed. One of all asbestos fibers greater than 5 ym and one including only those over B |in in length and also over 0.25 ym in width. The second value is considered a PCM equivalent count because the fibers counted in the TEM would be equivalent to what would be seen by the PCM. Because of the greater resolving power of the electron microscope the fibers longer than 5 ym but thinner than 0.25 ym can be counted in the TEM analysis. The used packing/ removed from the valve, was friable. When examined under the scanning electron microscope/ the sample of used packing was found to contain chrysotile fibers which were uncoated with any binder material. CONCLUSIONS The data show that airborne levels of asbestos fibers can be over the OSHA excursion limit (30 minute sample) of 1 fiber per cc during the removal of asbestos-containing packing material from valves using methods routinely employed by maintenance workers. Airborne levels of asbestos are significantly increased over background levels in the vicinity of the packing removal during the removal activity. REFERENCES 1. Federal Register, July 12, 1989, 54(132):29509. 2. Nelson, C. A., Millwrights and Mechanics Guide, McMillian Pub. Co., London, (1986), p. 236. 3. U.S. EPA, Asbestos Waste Management Guidance, EPA/530-SW-85 -007, p. 146. KVA PROJECT MO. 0154 - MANCHESTER STEAM PLANT TABLE I PHASE CONTRAST ANALYSIS (PCM) FIRST TEST SAMPLE M TIKE DATE SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE DESCRIPTION RATE (LPM) FIBERS CONC IN VOLUME (L) FIELDS FIBERS/CC 10 807-901 Southwest Comer of Containment, 27 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 810 8.0 < 0.006 100 11 805-901 Center of Containment, 27 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 840 8.5 < 0.006 100 12 805-901 East Wall of Containment, 27 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 840 11.0 100 < 0.006 13 27 Aug 91 OP 27^Aug 91 805-901 Northeast Corner of Containment, Background inside Building; Inside Work Area 1050-1115 Bob Yantz, Right Side, Personal Inside Building; inside work Area 15.00 840 2.00 50 11.5 100 22.0 100 < 0.006 0.184 15 27 Aug 91 0-0 Personal Bob Yantz, Left Side, Inside Building; Inside Work Area VOID - PUMP FAILED 0.00 0 0.0 100 16 27 Aug 91 (vT) 27'Aug/91 1050-1115 Jim Millette, Left Side Personal Inside Building; Inside Work Area 1050-1115 Jim Millette, Right Side Personal Inside Building; inside Work Area 3.50 87.5 2.00 50 23.5 100 26.0 100 0.114 0.223 18 27 Aug 91 0-0 Area Southwest Corner of Containment, Inside Building; Inside Work Area VOID - FILTER DAMAGED 0.00 0 0.0 100 19 27 Aug 91 1050-1116 Northeast Comer of Containment, Area Inside Building; inside Work Area 15.00 390 54.00 100 0.064 KVA PROJECT NO. 0154 - MANCHESTER STEAM PLANT TABLE I PHASE CONTRAST ANALYSIS (PCM) SECOND TEST 90 -O I SAMPLE TIKE DATE SAMPLE TYPE SAMPLE DESCRIPTION RATE (LPH) VOLUME (L) 20 1305-1402 Center of Containment. 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 855 21 1305-1402 Southwest Comer of Containment, 27 Au? 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 855 FIBERS FIELDS 9.0 100 19.5 100 CONC IN FIBSRS/CC < 0.006 0.009 22 1305-1402 East Wall of Containment, 27 Au? 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 23 1305-1402 Northeast Corner of Containment, 27 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside work Area 15.00 855 15.00 855 10.0 100 13.0 100 < 0.006 < 0.006 24 ./ Aug 91 1448-1519 Bob Yantz, Left Side, Personal Inside Building; Inside Work Area 3.00 93 102.5 53 1.003 25 27 Aug 91 1448-1519 Bob Yantz, Right Side, Personal Inside Building; inside Work Area 2.00 62 100.5 61 1.278 26 27 Aug 91 1448-1519 Jim Mlllette, Right 81de, Personal Inside Building; Inside work Area 2.00 62 100.5 85 0.910 27 27 Aug 91 28 91 1448-1519 Jim Mlllette, Left Side Personal Inside Building; inside Work Area 1446-1510 Southwest Comer of Containment, Area Inside Building; Inside work Area 3.00 93 7.50 180 100.0 l 91 109-iL 67 0.562 0.436 29 27 Aug 91 1446-1511 Northeast Comer of Containment, Area Inside Building; inside Work Area 15.00 375 102.0 46 0.286 30 27 Aug 91 1044-1156 Area Southwest Comer of Outer Containment, Inside Building; Outside Work Area 7.50 540 42.0 100 0.035 31 27 Aug 91 1044-1156 Area Northeast Corner of Outer Containment, Inside Building; Outside Work Area 15.00 1080 71.0 100 0.031 32 27 Aug 91 1044-1156 At Entrance to Decon, Inside Area Building, Outside Work Area 15.00 1080 14.0 100 0.005 I e- <N MVA PROJECT MO. 01S4 - MANCHESTER STEAM PLANT TABLE I PHASE CONTRAST AHALY8I8 (PCM) THIRD test sample m TIME DATE SAMPLE TYPE 8AMPLE DESCRIPTION RATE (LPM) VOLUME (L) FIBERS FIELDS CONC IN FIBERS/CC 33 736-824 In Northeast Corner of Containment, 28 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Outside work Area 15.00 720 9.0 < 0.007 100 34 736-824 In Southwest Corner of Containment, 28 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside work Area 15.00 720 4.0 < 0.007 100 35 736-824 In Center of Containment, 28 Aug 91 Background inside Building; inside Work Area 15.00 720 4.5 < 0.007 100 36 736-824 On East Wall of Containment, 28 Aug 91 Background Inside Building; Inside Work Area 15.00 720 5.5 < 0.007 100 37 j8 Aug 91 849-922 Bob Yantz, Right Shoulder, Personal Inside Building; Inside Work Area 2.00 66 62.6 100 0.440 38 28 Aug 91 849-922 Bob Yantz, Left Shoulder, Personal Inside Building; inside Work Area 3.00 99 106.0 72 0.713 39 28 Aug 91 847-926 Jim Millette, Left Shoulder, Personal Inside Building; inside work Area 3.00 117 50.5 100 0.198 40 28 Aug 91 41 28 Aug 91 847-926 Personal 845-920 Area Jim Millette, Right Shoulder, Inside Building; Inside Work Area Northeast Corner of Containment, inside Building; Inside Work Area 2.00 78 15.00 525 56.5 1 100 102-5 63 0.335 0.156 42 28 Aug 91 845-920 Area Southwest Comer of Containment, Inside Building, Inside Work Area 7.50 262.5 85.5 100 0.154 43 28 Aug 91 845-920 Area Northeast Comer of Outer Containment, Inside Building; Inside work Area 15.00 525 41.0 100 0.035 44 28 Aug 91 845-920 Area Southwest Comer of Outer Containment, Inside Building; Inside Work Area 7.50 262.5 41.0 100 0.071 45 28 Aug 91 850-909 Area At Entrance to Deeon, Inside Building; Outside work Area 15.00 285 4.0 < 0.017 100 MVA PROJECT NO. 0154 - MANCHESTER STEAM PLANT TABLE II TEN ANALYSIS OF AIR SAMPLES DURING PACKING REMOVAL DIRECT PREPARATION MVA # B2178 B2179 B2180 B2161 Field Description i.d. a 24 Personal During Second Test 25 Personal During Second Test 37 Personal During Third Test 38 Personal During Third Test Asbestos Concentration (Fibers/cc) All >5pm PCM Equiv* 2.2 1.5 4.2 2.6 1.5 1.2 2.1 1.5 * Phase Contrast Equivalent by Transmission Electron Microscopy Counting. Asbestos fibers roust be >5jim in length and > .25 pm in width. i APPENDIX A Diagram of Study Site Kg APPENDIX B Transmission Electron Microscopy PCM Equivalent Data Sheets MVA PROJECT U 0154 LAB SAMPLE ID B2178 CLNT SAMPLE ID 24 INSTRUMENT ID CM12 MAGNIFICATION 4.4 K ACC. VOLTAGE 100 KV GRID NUMBER :025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) :0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED : 10 AMT COLLECT <L> 93 AMT PREPPED (L) {DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE ;10/03/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL. STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (urn) (um) SAED EDS 1 B3 1F 6.82 0.11 C 2F 7.27 0.11 C 3F 9.55 0.23 C 4F 9.55 0.34 C 5F 5.68 0.23 C 6F 9.09 0.26 c 7F 5.23 0.68 c 8 F 15.91 1.14 c E9 9F 5.68 0.23 c 10 F 5.68 0.23 c 11 F 5.91 0.23 c H8 12 F 15.23 1.82 C 13 F 15.91 0.91 C 14 F 7.95 0.23 C 15 F 9.09 0.23 C 16 F 6.82 0.45 c 15 17 F 9.77 0.57 c 18 F 34.09 0.45 c 19 F 14.09 0.23 c 20 F 7.05 0.34 c J2 21 F 5.68 0.23 c 22 F 11.36 0.23 c 23 F 35.23 2.27 c Y 24 F 7.73 0.80 c 2 D6 25 F 5.68 0.34 c 26 F 6.82 1.14 c \ FI 0 27 F 7.50 0.23 c 28 F 10.91 0.45 c 29 F 9.55 0.57 c 30 F 7.95 0.45 c 31 F 7.27 0.11 c G6 32 F 7.27 0.34 c 33 F 5.68 0.91 c 34 F 20.45 0.45 c 35 F 11.36 0.11 c 36 F 25.00 0.34 c F2 37 F 5.45 0.45 c 38 F 6.82 0.57 c A1 39 F 7.95 0.45 c 40 F 13.64 1.59 c MVA PROJECT M 0154 LAB SAMPLE ID B2178 CLNT SAMPLE ID 24 INSTRUMENT ID CM12 MAGNIFICATION 4.4 K ACC. VOLTAGE 100 KV GRID NUMBER 1025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) :0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED i 10 AMT COLLECT (L) : 93 AMT PREPPED <L) .DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE :10/03/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUXVAL. STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (urn) (urn) SAED EDS 2 A1 41 F 42 F 43 F 0.55 6.14 8.41 0.4S C 0.68 C 0.57 C MVA PROJECT :0154 LAB SAMPLE ID :B2179 CLNT SAMPLE ID;25 INSTRUMENT ID ;CM12 MAGNIFICATION ! 4.4 X ACC, VOLTAGE : 100 KV GRID NUMBER :025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2):0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED : 10 AMT COLLECT (L) : 62 AMT PREPPED (L) :DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE :10/03/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL. STRU LENGTH WIDTH INDEX STR# TYPE (uni) (ura) SAED EDS H7 1F 9.55 0.11 C 2 F 19.32 0.34 c 3 F 35.23 1.14 c 4F 6.14 0.45 c 5 F 11.36 0.45 c 13 6 F 10.68 0.11 c 7F 9.09 1.14 c 8 F 21.59 0.11 c 9 F 10.91 0.23 c 10 F 15.91 0.34 c El 11 F 15.91 0.91 A 12 F 17.05 0.68 c 13 F 7.27 0.34 c 14 F 8.41 0.45 c B5 IS F 6.36 0.11 c 16 F 9.09 0.11 c 17 F 6.14 0.11 c 18 F 19 F 6.82 0.11 c 5.45 0.91 c 20 F 20.45 0.34 c 21 F 17.05 0.45 c 22 F 15.45 0.80 c D9 23 F 8.41 0.57 c 24 F 8.86 0.23 c 25 F 13.64 0.45 c 26 F 7.50 0.23 c 27 F 40.91 2.27 c 28 F 11.36 0.68 c CS 29 F 17.05 0.91 c 30 F 5.00 0.80 c 31 F 32 F 7.95 0.23 c 5.68 1.14 c 33 F 12.50 0.23 c 34 F 12.50 0.23 c 35 F 23.86 0.57 c 36 F 5.68 0.23 c B9 37 F 7.05 0.68 c 38 F 15.91 0.45 c 39 F 21 .59 1.59 c 40 F 7.50 0.23 c Y Y MVA PROJECT # :0154 LAB SAMPLE ID :B2179 CLNT SAMPLE ID:25 INSTRUMENT ID :CM12 MAGNIFICATION : 4.4 X ACC. VOLTAGE : 100 XV GRIE NUMBER 025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) 0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED 10 AMT COLLECT (L) 62 AMT PREPPED (L) DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE :10/03/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL, STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (urn) (um) SAED EDS 2 B9 41 F 19.32 0.57 C FI 0 42 F 5.68 0.23 A 43 F 8.41 1.36 C 44 F 30.68 0.45 C 45 F 12.50 0.11 C J7 46 F 38.64 0.23 C 47 F 22.50 0.11 C 48 F 18.86 1.59 C 49 F 17.27 0.11 C H2 50 F 6.14 0.34 c H7 51 F 7.50 0.34 c 52 F 5.91 0.45 c 53 F 7.73 0.11 c 54 F 13.64 0.57 c 55 F 23.41 0.45 c Y MVA PROJECT U 0154 LAB SAMPLE ID B2180 CLNT SAMPLE ZD 37 INSTRUMENT ID CM12 MAGNIFICATION 4.4 K ACC. VOLTAGE 100 KV GRID NUMBER :025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) :0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED : 10 AMT COLLECT <L) : 66 AMT PREPPED <L) .DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE S10/4/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (urn) (um) SAED EDS 1 Cl 1 F 15.23 0.45 C 2 F 23.86 0.57 C 3 F 51.14 1.14 C 4F 7.95 0.45 C 5 F 17.05 0.45 c 6F 5.91 0.23 c 7F 5.91 0.45 C A7 NSD* El 0 8 F 13.64 0.11 c 9 F 11.82 1.82 c 19 10 F 27.27 0.57 C 11 F 46.59 0.45 c 12 F 7.95 0.45 c 13 F 42.05 0.68 c J6 14 F 6.14 0.57 c 2 H2 15 F 6.82 0.45 c B3 16 F 25.68 0.23 c E9 17 F 7.95 0.23 C G8 18 F 24.09 1.93 A 19 F 5.68 0.45 c 20 F 14.77 0.34 c F4 21 F 8.64 0.57 c Y Y * No Asbestos Structures Detected MVA PROJECT U 0154 LAB SAMPLE ID B2181 CLNT SAMPLE ID 38 INSTRUMENT ID CM12 MAGNIFICATION 4.4 X ACC. VOLTAGE 100 KV GRID NUMBER :025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) :0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED : 10 AMT COLLECT (L) 99 AMT PREPPED (L) :DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE :10/4/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL. STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (urn) (um) SAED EDS 1 B2 1F 7.05 0.23 C 2F 7.50 0.11 C 3 F 11.36 0.45 C C6 4 F 11,82 0.80 c 5F 6.82 0.34 c 6 F 15.23 1.14 c G9 7 F 22.95 0.68 c 8F 9.09 0.45 c 9 F 20.45 1.59 c 10 F 10.23 0.34 c 11 F 11.36 1.36 c H5 12 F 10.23 0.57 c 13 F 17.05 2.27 c FI 14 F 5.68 0.11 c 15 F 12.95 0.45 c 16 F 47.73 0.80 c 17 F 18.18 1.14 c 18 F 12.50 0.45 c 2 A1 19 F 7.05 0.34 c 20 F 10.23 0.45 c 21 F 13.64 0.11 c 22 F 69.32 0.68 c 23 F 7.95 0.23 c 24 F 17.05 0.91 c 25 F 6.14 0.11 c D6 26 F 6.82 0.80 c 27 F 5.68 0.57 c 28 F 29 F 5.45 0.68 c 7.95 0.45 c 30 F 26.14 0.57 c G10 31 F 10.23 0.91 c 32 F 29.55 2.05 c 33 F 11.14 0.34 c 14 34 F 5.68 0.11 c 35 F 6.14 0.34 c 36 F 19.77 0.23 c 37 F 12.50 0.11 c 38 F 6.14 0.11 c 39 F 40 F 6.14 0.11 c 7.50 0.45 c V MVA PROJECT U :0154 LAB SAMPLE ID :B2181 CLNT SAMPLE ID : 38 INSTRUMENT ID :CM12 MAGNIFICATION : 4.4 K ACC. VOLTAGE : 100 KV GRID NUMBER :025G91 GRID OPENING (MM2) :0.0082 OPENINGS ANALYZED : 10 AMT COLLECT (L) : 99 AMT PREPPED (L) DIRECT FILTER AREA (MM2) : 385 ANALYST:RKW DATE :10/4/91 COMMENT:PCM EQUIVAL. STRU LENGTH WIDTH GRID INDEX STR# TYPE (um) (um) SARD EDS 2 14 F2 41 F 11.36 0.23 C 42 F 5.91 0.45 c 43 F 52.27 1.82 c 44 F 18.18 0.11 c 45 F 11.36 0.80 c Notes on TEM Air Analysis Sheets Explanation of Headings; MVA PROJECT U Number assigned by MVA to the project LAB SAMPLE ZD Code assigned to each sample logged into the laboratory CLNT SAMPLE ID Client identification, usually a field number INSTRUMENT ID Electron microscope used. CM12 is a TEM model produced by Philips. MAGNIFICATION Actual magnification at the microscope screen. 19.4 K is 19,400 times. ACC. VOLTAGE Accelerating voltage of the TEM GRID NUMBER Box grid was placed in for analysis GRID OPENING (MM2) - Average area of a grid opening in square millimeters OPENINGS ANALYZED - Number of grid openings examined AMT COLLECT (L) Volume of air for the air sample collected in liters AMT PREPPED (L) For direct preps, the volume prepared is the same as collected. For indirect preps the equivalent volume prepared from a portion of the air sample. A dilution factor can be calculated by dividing amount prepped by amount collected. FILTER AREA (MM2) - Area of the final filter used in the preparation process in square millimeters GRID Number of grids analyzed, usually two grids are analyzed per sample INDEX Grid opening location STR# Number of structures counted STRU TYPE F-fiber, B*bundle, Clcluster, M-matrix LENGTH (um) Length of structure in micrometers WIDTH (um) Width of structure in micrometers -- SAED Selected Area Electron Diffraction Pattern C-chrysotile, Aamphibole EDS Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Y*yes, spectrum consistent with C or A Calculation of Asbestos Structures per Cubic Centimeter: Str/cc a _______ <*STR x FILTER AREA) (OPENINGS ANALYZED X GRID OPENING X AMT PREPPED X AMT COLLECT) APPENDIX C Polarized Light Microscopy Analysis, of Packing Removed from Valve During Third Test Milletbe. Vender Wood & Associates, Inc. 5500 Oakbrook Parkway, Suite 200 Norcross, Georgia 30093 (404) 662--8509 PLM ASBESTOS ANALYSIS MVA #: 0154 Client: Faraci, Guadagnino, Lange & Johns Sample ZD: B1992 Client Sample ZD: J082791-7 Macroscopic Description: B1992 is a white fibrous woven material with a black flaky coating. Asbestos Minerals: Other Fibers: Chrysotile 85% Amosite _______ Crocidolite _____ Anthophyllite Asbestos _______ Tremolite/Actinolite Asbestos Glass Fibers Cellulose Synthetic Fibers Other Total Asbestos ~8S% Fillers/Binders/Pigment % ~1 S% Fillers/Binders/Pigment Identified (*): Mica/Verraiculite Synthetic Foam Gypsum Carbon and iron oxides _______ _______ _______ *** Perlite/Pumice Carbonate Pigment Comments: Labeled "3rd Valve, 2nd Exp." Analyst: Maureen C. Bottrell Date: 09/04/91