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AIR HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA, Inc. Legal Series, Bulletin No. 1, Paris i anil ii A Survey of the Statutes and Court Decisions Respecting Occupational Disease from Air Pollution i For the Confidential Information of members. Not for re production, wholly or in part.) PITTS DL'RGl 1. PEX XSYLVAXIA APRIL 1, 1936 \ir Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc. bulletin No. 1, Legal Series--Correction and Additions Chap. I, Page 1-- Strike out last sentence and add: A separate chapter is then devoted to each state (including the District of Columbia) in alphabetical order, running from Chapter IV to Chapter 1.11 inclusive. Chapter LIII is then devoted to a review of medical examination under the various compensation acts. In Chapter LIV, there appears a brief summary. Chap. II-- Page 3, Idaho.--Change last period to a comma and add: hut the courts have very liberally construed "accidental injury" and have gone very far in holding disease to be the result of "accidental injury" and therefore compensable. Page 4, Iowa.--In fourth line, change "dicta" to "obiter dictum". Page 4. Kansas.--Delete paragraph and substitute: Covers "personal injury by accident" only. Page 4, Maine.--Change second sentence to read: Diseases are excluded by court construction, except such cases as are caused by accident. Page 5, Nebraska.--This state to be transferred to page 8. Page 5. .Nevada.--Change to read: Compensation is provid ed for "personal injuries by accident". Disease is not mentioned and is therefore excluded. Page 5, New Hampshire.--Change second sentence to read: Occupational diseases are excluded, except such cases as are caused by accident. Page 5, New Mexico.--Change second sentence to read: Occupational diseases are not covered. Page 5, Oregon.--Change second sentence to read: Diseases are not mentioned and are therefore excluded, except such cases as may be caused by accident due to violent or ex ternal means. Page 5. Rhode Island.--Transfer to page 9. Page 6. Washington.--Change last sentence to read: Dis eases are not mentioned and are therefore excluded, except such physical condition as results from injury of a trau matic nature. Page 6, Wyoming.--Change last part to read: * * * result from an injury incurred in the course of employment. Page 7, Illinois.--Delete present paragraph and substitute: Occupational disease is not compensable under the Work men's Compensation Act. Silicosis and some other dust diseases are not compensable under the old Occupational Disease Act. which is effective until October 1. 193d. Under the new Occupational Disease Act. effective October I, 1936, all occupational diseases, including silicosis, arc comncn- sahle. ' * v. i Chap. 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Ci G ^s2 --c i> Ge..*^o0 CCll g a2 --s WfcC-.S rSt = V .= -- hr rt u - ^ c/. *r. r ci Ci *" ,, ".= =5 -- ci rt u r Cl CC - * cCrit"* ^c--i ur5t tr. - G > rt v, M Cl Cl ci W ^ I? =- G- cl r. ft TM ac 5| >= Xo k> d CB o c s inCcil i w T " c tc c tr Cecl .so w* rt yI -c7-6 M I 1 tr-. 2 * J, i *M . ^ > Knr-* S oCl --* uW rt r!3t tj/". rK|. BXd.areUuCrsue.)_gr strue. U>\ Z .< a O O '( I' iltslmrph, I 'a., A p ril 1, 1936 6 > boe Cm *w rt n rt C .2 0 ft -- GO H as u H ft 2S Cn o SO fet. <w->i so c a o= O t 6S Cm ft c on \ro. ' c U N rNs* pNv ft c. mZ Jt *-K_- ft s =V. ko. ft a--: <<>> CHAPTER I SCOPE AND PURPOSE OF SURVEY The presence of hazards in industry due to air pollution is a rrr.ttcr of great interest, both to employers and employees. The which arise therefrom are at once recognized as legal a, well as medical and engineering. No solution which will benefit society as a whole can be reached without intensive -:tidy of the manner in which the problem is affected by law. This survey is confined primarily to the laws as. they now are, with some additional comment as to pending or prospective leg islation where such information is obtainable. Such a study and analysis when made may be used as a starting point for future beneficial legislation. It is manifest at the outset that this survey must be all too brief to discuss in detail all of the statutes and court decisions which bear upon the general subject. It is hoped, however, that it will be sufficiently comprehensive to indicate the general scope of the laws of each state and to facilitate a more inten sive study thereof by one interested in the laws of any par ticular state. Due to the predominance of occupational disease resulting from exposure to dust, that field will receive particu lar attention. Among the afflictions due to exposure to dust, silicosis will receive special mention. All but two states of the Union now have Workmen's Compen sation Laws, and one major objective in this survey is to de termine the manner in which Compensation Laws cover oc cupational disease. In some states, laws governing the opera tion of workshops and factories contain regulations which must be studied; in some, mining laws are of particular interest. In addition to these, there are many statutes of general character, such as employers' liability acts, which will be noted in the individual chapters digesting the state laws. For convenient reference. Chapter 2 is devoted to a sum mary of the Workmen's Compensation Laws of the various states: and Chapter 3 is devoted to the law as established by court decisions, as distinguished from statutory law, which law so established by court decisions is commonly referred to as the `common law." A separate chapter is then devoted to each state, in alphabetical order, beginning with Chapter 4. 1 CHAPTER II KI-^U-ME OF WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION ` L UVS AS THEY AFFECT OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE T!;c following tabulation is not submitted as a sufficiently i xiiaustive treatment of the subject, and reference must be made : j the chapters covering the individual states tor more adequate t'.fnrmation. Section 1. Arkansas Mississippi States with No Compensation Acts: Section 2. States Having Compensation Acts Which Exclude Compensation for Occupational Disease, Either Expressly Or by Con struction of Court: Alabama: r Expressly excludes disease unless the disease shall result proximately from the accident Arizona: Does not include a disease unless result ing from an injury by accident Colorado: Allows compensation "where the injury or death is proximately caused by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment" This would exclude oc cupational diseases, except any such cases as are proximately caused by accident Delaware: "Shall not include a disease or infec tion except as it shall result from the in jury when reasonably treated." Injury, as used in the Act means injury by ac cident. Floiida: Includes such diseases or infections as result from such injury by accident. 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S J o. -8 5 _ _ rct d -c S .2 _ q X d rt 9 -- -9 ' : ci rt 9 .5 UI =3 -o --_ *9 S .2 O u Gm 0& -B I 5- d = o I S ~ ort .`29 c** S s rt wo OU *5 ft d -9 bo J3 r>t ,.2to 2 *' * 53 *? 9 * *5 c. o 29rt 9 9 s c> rt C tfl c urt cd >v -- 2c C 5 1 * - c rt rt rt j. rt 9 *rXt"-*=r2t-= .9O *-- O L. rt 9. y; i -- CC =-< Mc tfi -- 5 . k H 5rt ru: U -- s 0 *9 ^ n 9 rt * j-9c rt * ^ * -- Ju= _rt urt o C. g rt 55 Cl *- ~-- 9rt. 9 ja 0 w d 9 C 1 New Jersey: CHAPTER III COMMON* LAW RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES I. Definition of Common Law. What is the "common law"? Ti-.e Supreme Court of the United States has said: "The common law is reason dealing by the light of experience with human affairs." 100 U. S. 584. Chancellor Kent has referred to the common law as "those principles, usages, and rules of action applicable to the gov ernment and security of persons and of property, which do not ret ior their authority upon any express and positive declara tion of the will of the legislature." Roughly speaking, our common law is the law as defined and announced by court decisions, which decisions are not based upon any constitutional or legislative provisions and, ordinar ily, though not with entire accuracy, the term "common law" is used in contradistinction to statutory law. Where constitu tional provisions or statutory provisions exist, they govern, as construed and applied by the courts. A relatively small part of our law is, however, found in statutes; the great bulk of it is found only in court decisions. The field of common law is therefore measured only by the number of court decisions. To explore it thoroughly, requires unlimited time and patience; yet no one can say, with reasonable certainty, what the law as a whole is, on a given subject, without spending much time and energy in such study. To a large extent, the common law of America was inherited from England; and it is therefore a common possession of all of the states. For this reason, the decisions of the courts of one state are respected by the courts of another state, and there is a general tendency for the courts of all states to render harmonious decisions upon matters not covered by constitutional or statutory provision. Such uniformity however is not neces sary, as the Supreme Court of any state may refuse, if it so chooses, to follow the decision of the Supreme Court of an other state. This makes it necessary to study the decisions of the state in which a cause of action arises, but, if no decisions upon the point at issue can be found in that state, it should be assumed that the weight of authority as established by de cisions in other states will be followed. This is an important fact to be kept in mind when studying a question as to which the law is just now crystallizing as, for example, with respect to recovery for occupational disease. 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"E -S2 >t... ` 2 v, ^* ci Si -- s "> "o " X u O 9 3 2 2 'E3M 9 9 te 3 ci O 9 w 3 rt 55 a9 X3c = -< -3 3 X - u Jl 3w rt -- m k. wo 1x5 3 rt *5e _x -a -v 3 3 uT CO C 9 * I , ax 9X s -= 3? r9 cao ** 3 X*9. x V2e .s 2 -- 3O a v> * t* l-a =- rt O 9 ==^ xbrk9Vte.I vS--o9C- 3 9VI 9O 9to --> 39 -- t -2 a a E 9 C9 - I =1 *9 E o ~ 0 x - _ 3 re w o a_ 9 .S ~ sC ^ U w. w X U .2 X a aa W co 3 * -- --=^"3 *c9 I 20 2 "u Ea ng S'--E J9S u O3 99k. *Xa> 9krt. vX ^ O 9> =--Vu3kj . --5O rXt Ubs9e ^3 teOa -- E 3c 90 93 chapter iv:v: > ' ; ^ ALABAMA I Workmen's Compensation. 1. Statutes. The Workmen's Compensation Law is found the Code of Alabama, eh. 287, Secs. 7334-7613. Ch. 127, Secs. 3992-4003 cover the subject of violations of the Workmen's Compensation Act. Ch. 306, Secs. 8329 and 8330 relate to the duties of the Superintendent of Insurance, as compensation commissioner ex officio. 2. Administration. The Act is administered by the courts >upervised in some respects by the Superintendent oi Insurance. Inquiries may be addressed to the Superintendent of Insurance oi Birmingham, Alabama. 3. Scope of the Act. Sec. 7S34 provides in part: "When personal injury or death is caused to any employee by an accident arising out of and in the course of his employment, of which injury the act ual or lawfully imputed negligence of the employer is the natural and proximate cause, he, or in case of his death, his personal representative, for the ex clusive benefit of the surviving spouse and next of kin, shall receive compensation by way of damages therefor from the employer, * * *" Sec. 7596 entitled "Words and phrases defined" contains the following pertinent definition: "The word `accident' as used in the phrases `personal injuries due to accident' or `injuries or death caused by accident' * * * shall, unless a different meaning is clearly indicated by the con text, be construed to mean an unexpected or unfore seen event, happening suddenly and violently, with or without human fault, and producing at the time injury to the physical structure of the body, by ac cidental means." These definitions exclude occupational disease, except such disease as results proximately from an accident. Occupational disease, as such, is therefore not covered by the Workmen's Compensation Law. 4. Court Construction. In Chapman v. Railway Fuel Co., 101 So. 879 (1924), where death was caused by breathing noxious gas in a mine, recovery at common law was denied on the ground that the accident which primarily caused the death brought the case under the Workmen's Compensation Law, and that the remedies under that law were exclusive. This decision as reported does not describe the accident, but the record outside the reported de cision discloses that the noxious gas was inhaled suddenly 17 < x c o - X ^ 2<S J & OC -o? UQ^gU>* V* X 4) 60 ft O9 U S -- " , .c .5 -- r -c <^*. -- 52 *= g S3 E 2 *-S . 9 -d r*t- J2S x e > . -w v O. *" 9 3 a_ rt ^ s c- :<s 9 rt 72 , o u e oE &Jb oe E 5r%5 J9* 9 -9 *~* i>e c. O 3 *sK 3" ! X V -- - "S * s2 S"s ">*5 5?2*-SSesS. * . *" >Io rt s "* Vs 2X 23 -- *9 VrrOt *"' O0m' +* " C- Vof1t. *U. 5 3*2 Ssig o *z 8- ^-- 'S Xc *x as S <-1 .25 ,, W 2 0 - rf** 3 '_ 3 * _2_ J5 9*<Jra(9 --^ ^ <? _. X 2-wO r!2* ^c3CI9n 2 3.5 = 9= ^23 g "w? -e g 2 J3 = .E i "Sl g * a I" " <ft 9A 29O o ; x 5 &3 ~ je u 2--0 -- S*J'5U"2'0 *> fl " 5 I ,5?S ?O h- * .*=7Z u 5 t) 5 .S o u ' S ft? s Is E ff iSs'SES'' Sft x 2 c r ! C'9O ?S525S='f|iSssJ!!5= S t0 - u ,, l> _ ~ "*" **9S9 o fr. $ 6 - 2 . . .n .5 j 'rt !i 5e cCfi ->*--' r- .*-- t n - - jMs W *^-0 r3t II*9 v- -O 1 " * i -w 2OW ?92 .5* O-- _ss IS - g r&te 4> U M 9 w) 3 O S m o (0 o le n ly m ine -3 Eh mrt "rt o S fU) .2 r&t vu3i/i 2 2 t?= 30, Cfc- 0W CXt. ' *rt O O 5-- rt S - ^W .9m *S K J= 2 = 0 ? Z JI! i! IIc- ex WE- ~ 2 >. .s'2 j OK c. O 4; rt E g Js ^ v V ~ E c rt 2 41 s J? >> au Xi ? 19* 9 ^ 12 . 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X u C-- CO 2 $ rt _C r 1 w> -o vs 2b*e xin V 2o ra a* x *Eo X-- -- tn O S .2 s x .E ~ c jt c rt .3 2^ ^ * -B c 2 * 5 ^ O oE 2-- -c gw U - . c rt Jfi V . 41 C3 2 3o 2n Xt> *- so: c. *3 S H: ^ .E "5 e S . .2 0 - -o - S --5 3 ,9 x2 X *= 9 rt n m- -- x s ^- his r; 9* X _ c .2 ^ cX ' c SEE c .9 'Z V uo ort s Ew C. a-- c ee 9 a ^ K x 5? x Sc* . C S ^3 9 in s W C *' r*nt C= rmt rt *r-t d3. m X 9 *9 --- rt x rt 2 ** 9. Xs rt 3 ^ 9 I E O0 x rt u x 2 * M "O ,*2 u 5 ^ r 2 >. . c ** O O > .3 2 rt c x . = 5r=t S Cu -pz te " Sc tc Ct *9 tr*t -->, rr *o rt E 29 - vrst c. Vx -- 9_ C2 rt -- 21 x C^ t u* sa ~ --ec CHAPTER V ARIZONA [. Workmen's Compensation. 1. Statutes. Revised Statutes of Arizona, Secs. 1391-1457. 2. Administration. The law is administered by the Indus trial Commission of Arizona, consisting of three members ap pointed by the governor by and with the advice of the senate tor a term of six years, and inquiries may be addressed to that Commission at Phoenix, Arizona. . 3. Scope of the Act In Sec. 1420, the following pertinent definition appears: "`Personal injury by accident arising out of, and in the course of employment' shall include an in jury caused by the wilful act of a third person di rected against an employee because of his employ ment, but does not include a disease unless re sulting from the injury; * * *" Sec. 1421 provides that every employee designated in the Act " * * * who is injured, and the dependents of every such employee who is killed, by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment, wheresoever such injury has oc curred. unless purposely self-inflicted, shall be entitled to re ceive, and shall be paid such compensation * * Occupational disease is therefore not covered by the Work men's Compensation Law of this state. This act was passed pursuant to the mandate of Sec. 8 of Article XVIII of the state constitution. It is not limited in its application to hazardous occupation, which distinguishes it from the Employers' Liability Law, hereinafter discussed. 4. Court Construction. In Pierce v. Phelps-Dodge, 26 P. (2d) 10X7 (1933), compen sation was denied where a miner died from myocarditis, which heart disease was accelerated by the ordinary and usual con ditions of his occupation, namely, his usual work as a shift boss. The Court said in part: ''* when compensation is awarded in any manner for a disease there must have been (a) an unexpected event which was (b) the cause of an in jury to the person, (c) which injury must have produced or aggravated a disease. Nor can the disease itself be the injury produced by the un expected event, since the statute specifically says it must be the result of the injury." This case was cited and the above statement affirmed in Phelps-Dodge Corp. v. Industrial Commission, 49 P. (2d) 391 (1935). 21 a I a I i *> w i** ot * 1:N*r** is^ W8 .. 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XV S S.s --w cCoi U g Cl oo c --2 Jf " 2 5 ^a Srrtt cU --Au -- o 5 CQ >s J~= u9go _ ?S c o := I? - , c = -- so *J 5" "1 Oa XC2i U~ > * - s W -M ** *- 5S 1 ci = =c 41 x X to * s Ce * 53 ^ ~ ** o eg > * * x u fe E 2 Si u J s e c =o c. 7 e> 3 i = o o Si 55 u W -- " VI !: < X >>=:=: X It It M a mrt / a VI .5 r>t x o --rcei i irrv>j prcvrnls a rnnrt 1ire rtitip a vcrilict on tlie Rrouml of contriln ilo rv negligence or assumed risk, lly Sec. 6, it is provided that the right of action 1o recover damages for injuries shall never lie abrogated and the amount recovered shall not be subject to any statutory lim itation. 4> X O v ~x -c3 -- o (J " . rt cr TZ -- s ^g _ g srt _ Z"*c E= X *o ~ Ss rcti **c ~ fl to w Oa .Ww M rt (J (ft X-- S' * --w 5> _ icSs-a _s aoc c. -- -- XV C.I o n c --V * tft "eS 2 >> : * -- afc &ci rt Z: X5mCl * s* -a Xs *--3 --rU-t t<f/t etufjl x Si Exl4<--.i -av) oC -= Sf^ ir. X c wc o <E a Cu It!]! (^3 n ^ OPVCJ _ -2 <NJ t? > - s i ~ lC- uCl *ac2 WAgt, w w ciO(cC| c. rt U V C N cui ci - x .5 g Cl *o .= *" ` L. 2 "2 ^*2 fcft (ft ci 2 *- X m2 t^i bh - rt -= " sn .a60 CO. CE c(ft. u o X D rt c ^5 5 X ^ : .s* s|'5 -(if-t rt sC. 3 - tc ICS. 3C3l >ui."y 2s 2^ t;.S m a -c * X f ! &| ti g.. r; .2> C 3rt (ft C -- rt & 51-i Cz. ^ u rt < -- CY,l C ^3 i,, X U0 X_ c utl % o>( -,, co rt >s . C' ^ "c. ^ X O ~ ci x s E v 41 cx E I x .2 2 rt ? >uO> SCrtr. : ; s ^; , 5 ' ti; i|-^ c X cT Cl 5 = rt __ Em r camsx * 2 s rt * Cl '^xCl: 'Scr = I 3 * ci c. o,= B..= f&er.rt ~ = s rt <5 tS rt 2-cS s = > I S`5 _i-c_ be* = . =o %> 19 tui s Og S o> = O' rt rt be ir ci ci Sr's-- *e ci S c." c. u = -e j:5 g o| ^- = rt c-x-sx C**-S-O s C 2 DC rt 5-- 2 rt y, *S _ s c .wcCSil of&S*X*I: a ct **.Si rt ^ C> 1 u-- Xt5vrrCtt. wc--aa---x--i*TStr ^ ci .a* rCcsil a--2? e, h. -- "c -- 5 Cui XCI o_ isi s X 0C" ^x art u g rt ou a 2^"JS x n-a c ox > *o 5 CO.-- 2- =rt _> sCl oM b-Ss-5 X o rt *- *ci v> crt "C-- Cl x "^ "rt'.'x rt rt S te >: =5 rt > JU Xin X^ bC. X*' -- rt X 5 5 cj -ci Sa. r(ftt It Urt. _w M rbt 5a5 w :|l!l OwLx ' 5 E. a > o >X cx 5--c b>o. >. c. cX ci >8 o2 Ss 2t CO ae U .S r- ain "5 U rt -S bo 41 ax So Ccl b. ci c ^ _ < rt .2 x i ci >i X xTM X *a o .2 M eci ^ a> -x C. w si: -SS ECu cC.il s *- w cl rt ci X 22 Wv M if_t x*j o 3r3e c c- wC3 rt xS: o -2 rt r>t (ft C c o ^ ^ = ^ ^ i " rt CO rt X X u -- n r * *3 X X C *X CHAPTER VI ARKANSAS ; Workmen's Compensation. Acre is no Workmen's Compensation Law in this state. - "i'c of two states in the Union not having such law, the :;.cr being Mississippi. [[. Other Statutes. In a general way, it may be said that the other statutes of Arkansas relating to the liability of employers for injury to employees are little more than a codification of the common law. All references to statutes herein are to Crawford & Moses' Digest of the Statutes of Arkansas 1921 and Supplements thereto. By Secs. 6535 to 6548, the Bureau of Labor and Statistics (address Little Rock, Arkansas) is given general supervisory control of commercial, social, educational, and sanitary condi tions of employees and places of employment By Sec. 7137, a right of action is given to employees of rail road companies, all corporations of every kind and character, and all companies engaged in the mining of coat, for injuries or death resulting from the careless omission of duty or negligence of the employer or the agent, servant, or employee of such em ployer. By Sec. 7144, the cause of action is made to survive the death of the employee. By Sec. 7145, contributory negligence is denied the employer as a defense, but the damages are to be diminished by the jury on account thereof, except however that the employee may not be deemed guilty of contributory negligence in case the accident results from the violation by the employer of any statute enacted for the safety of the employees. By Sec. 7146, the employer is denied the de.ense of assumed risk where the injury is caused by the em ployer's violation of a safety statute. By Sec. 7263, every mine operator is required to provide and maintain sufficient ventilation, and the minimum is speci fied as 100 cu. ft. of air per man per minute, measured in the manner specified "so that said mine shall be free from standing gas of whatsoever kind." By Sec. 7269, a right of action is given for injury occasioned by wilful violation of the requirements to ventilate mines, which cause of action survives the employee in case of death. III. Common Law Liability. Although no cases can be cited, it is assumed that the gen- 27 >< a 2<V; HO e 5p I S s'? t> Z % 4oE*t W*2i| 5S * .c ** J . 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S tc O - z E c o c ZO> X u' u2 SEE s. -- o S>cC.. -*Ics- ^2-- wW2M E^ tP-: O aaZ u& (0 Ifl tn s?S - ^ S e. a o fee 5| C y c. .2 o ** 4; & S ** o H S-- uo J*j 3U -^9 .-=uC". ^ O *Z Cat "w V p r, ? c S. a c Z3 5. o = 7 - 4> o S W ^ ? iO-t 4M o M m3 K . 5 9C4 . t) ocCsr. v o a o a o Jrx wx _c 3 2 .ao w "c. s c* I ^ 5 I-? c. -C s o s o Eo Sj t .X .s- 4i-1 WV) cC , = ,2 E u0 g6 X rt -fi c uO X mv. "<5 " in *23 Si Z ^a m. be "u .5 a "5 o .E .--3 "44Ji & b. > o s c c O vs 2 O c -3 S I O c sw X t(A; E c c -.2".Sa 5a v c ~aa& a --3 *a * --4> c ao " S O.S vt ^ *2 *u s; s cc c*. 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O o MM V u 4) E B OM 41 t> >- X si " M66 e ao 3 -o S 2 z-: x^= o 2 > 3 aO-o ^ T*- *0 2 ax 2 X t^ *c o T3 aO -- a 33 MV) 4> -- --O H ^ a3 -g* o fe & 3 .E am 4*- Eo e~C --* 3DC T35 E -C a . *3 vC ox >a a * a a --* w -- xO . aw -- E,, x ia:*Cl Vckl3> - sC 3lS4/ :v41 O 3 ec 2 2 K Z * a z: 41 .3 1 t 0^.9. 2 I= = -= 3 . ca MO Ou VL 1! 5 XM aw S a a I u xX s v Xo ft a o. rt * be a i 41 _S D11O o v Va X Mcl x i2 x *x 3 JO B Xoft X. > .o0 EU = lu va x3 .2K^ i C 41 o. 1 XJ2 X - 2 3 = ^ .2 Coc s --T' < *Z3 BS xv .Sou . .E = X 1^-2 gQ 41 O gC ** O : O 3 41 co E8s n 4S - U xE ^ *-- -- C ^ * S. g * c X 2 > *3 g r. 4U1*1) a Sr "333 => ^-s <--<- 23 go?3 3er c -d3o c. 2 a xE Ma -a s_ aZ EM o a u^ &o t> Xa4. s*C3 C o fc ga 5" zo; a a ft s> X 0 ~ , g jSr._-u .w n o a ** 0 c m E *- w0 X3 a= =3 M x n o 3** Vi u c 3O 2 "t", 2 *"X' f E 3X aoa -- ^ M V** Op* eW = o wo, J-S*---u8d 5a ^ |^tr -^Is " *3 .Sue Cl 4uX1 ft ft " 41 -3 O X ft xw -.r o 2.? >>! *2 L. ft wt X 5 *5 - a . X P ^ *" 2 In V E-S.2 tui x4 n = V Xn w ^O aW 3 9 3 *3 -w5 *3 1 X5ft3TMM gO ^2,, WO !9 v1 * 2 "a V) MM .Si o . 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H rt W! p b -- b. m p ^z z c -- o jb Z *~ C CJ * . 1t > P = u 2 g*s t3 o Sp c zc "3 C =u- s*" -- cX, i"s3 rt z v) *P/i -- O b bo 0 IT "" > y B . CX _*Z CSj L3i wp p b B .z C* * P -- P a rt r * R if.Jt, w b W cS5 noS pSc s~ - ~ pcg...2 -.2 c c " ul=~ ~ Si -=- sr m" ~ f; x rr. ^= C => -w s ' oju b > ____=bc---- c > .. "CooD *> C.U' o ^CJ-- -- W g W c*t s' r S.S *= 5o*5 ""2* cz. v~ z = -- >v S w fe b -- --- -- tc. . -- -- t= ; c ow r r & v g OF =;j rt rt P fcS ~ --* XT) g3 s c p bB b tc O o msr s = `S' S c. rt " Z (PA Ob n b. -0 0 = e *> b Ir < "x E o r^ z " UJ c2 C. P b ^C .Xp P ia g. a - -c - o yE p X^-- ?--b, B o .3p --rt Si - . O ** " C P = p P r, i <5 'u 3 2 s- s = 5 I &be cS. --5 S!"IU &w 1 k , s-5 y : |5S s-s " re *2 * gn ^ --g, u - "s'c. . e- Si >- ZJ2 . ii z ' 88 >> ; 2 g . 2s -- _ s>Qs^po z .2 E s 2 =3 R Ef - ib C Iff (A = * ^ 2 . m --5 -- Zct Ct *G H ^ Z rt I'- s pzo : >Uc> s 5^ = S .2 S|~ z --tStr *zu3 ? *_"X 3 ^ m T c _ . > <* ? 8o*S 5 "= (j It! ;c yX > wo ^ .*25 *"rt 3* .5 Sso V PC p y u rt & <a __ e A S ^ o Sp b^. X0 " c -- is s: * p rt 6 V. .= 'i --p B S g Jrs _x -- z o gl J* P . Z C t/i < = I S '" .2 o ^-- " S.2 > X = = = -f " = ^ s --. *3 P F'.i >~ it. 1 gC *v. 3& -- > 2 e II-2 3- Ob. u5 g- P> > Px y ti if. S c P rt 55 go S H 2?t -P5 =".=- c^ P . -- o-5 =;.2 P *5 TM v= PP ^ J S 5 gbe o Z-- rZ" z-- ll1cj : z e t-c e ^z cj >5vSzE iJ jse-z; 3CT tr -- p s c -- : p-- p K t> > _ - epo.--S --g>= z^u^>B>2 C-. fi n C 0 u x'C5^ -2=-2b Ctl cw T" ;S 5^ ZU- -- ti ^ *, _y rtK o* ^ ^ rt "3 ** g P C fe P brf c C1 . |., iz* P^-- C P .e =2 k -=-"= r5 s o U * btr>. p 5 p "g >,> S r/*z. pp0* --~2 5-5 P x. * 5 uZ SlC- 5 >, 2p -- s -s0C C r 8 go J* i &E U 0Z. rt *~ p c 1 b. 0 8 p p - -i *3 4 E II3 Si -- c b * c P E o =- "-o rt bp. _e y* rt ^ u C > p -g = 2 s- P>- -2rt wrt cos 5 8 *" E- rt >> "c B = 3" o = 3 5 o r, = ,,-- po 9^ I. o2 b1 .c w"rt z --x Z*~z - ^ zc Ji bp .= g. S K lli n.5 Eo *5 ' b rt S ?o U O = - l p "52 i rpt cZ Pre D JC S. p c s|- .2 Z E <3 p ' --* P < w 3 Oni >. p 2p .J w ** > ps C rt 2M ". *r3t s rt .S ^ -- 'III b 3 p - >* *i 8 r-t wbc S rt c .2 rf " 5 p_ p s5o *: ^ b* bpo i= C^C p-- 5 -I P fc P -3 b 5" cab -- -5 g pc wPu P *3 p pS *U* &o *8* CJ "w fc Cp Czm m2 Mg P o- g. " p o I v 1 rt 2 p c S~ ~ c p a tO c *-- z * b. O 8 rt E rt > oO M b " - .2 SSS Ssi .2 g 5O. nB -2 Eo p Cm O *b sX; -Os = u '- = o &e. -- ^ wp p t 5 z z3 5> rzt rzt rt p b. om c p cir rt p CJ P Z rt c 5 2 (A p-- P 0 *. e P bt 0o 55.2> .- Ss rt ryi E .2 **" 3 Pp ^ b li "PS ^b P JT j P >> P 3 ^3 P U o ^r2t Su * n Om fc >% -- .2 p p s S| . *3 pZ rt S li;rt ** w rt S 1-g 0~ P Z- *3 p. O -- t rt P p >v bH 8A p > c & c CJ b Cm 35 p 10 o C .t 2 c. b c. ^n 2 p " .3 O b Z ^ > " , = rt w * 2 .5 tc I ^ yC ce `5g Is o 8 Z b* * e tAl ' : a p 2 JT -- >S2o8~ b1r"-A2t u < > ! ** o 3 js E s H HH a ** o rt m 9 pa to r=t i5 .2 * z . ^^ co "be ar"NS2 O u O2 - t! w - . 9 .2 ^ ^ 5 PI 2 2 .<-= -- p *3 *0 o * . .Zs(Jc PJrgt JS u pz *" PX = *5 cP (A .Z *3 *O b. ? 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E rt *3, C C ce * &.- ,, v. *" -- ^ ,, H ~ " _o --v wtt, V3I o=u !!= > *.1^ rNt S*-Su5"oiw-cH-? -<e8 aC. w-.tecn cs cj i-.3--: r Uf\ .= *s ~ -- *s e cj u c 5 *- w ~ * 7c ?M tt t, w *te i'll*-s^r; c u ^ t *- = - ______ si ^S'sluf-n -"-iI.IEc_ 2u -c .---u_rt 2sI O S^i " ~ E = = B i,t c # xX x rv>t.~-r S a * . .3 c3. fcc 0 #o. fc > wK XMW 0- _ > g *:: _ _^KceE. =c^5" .-- g, 5 - n *1sc*3 w M O c S -= 5o eM -- fwti -u {? te Sr w = -- ^2 rt rt -- t *-" r-. g -- cu *" .O C ~ r^i rz i Z* u D t> *c w rt jr x >? i8 bee - 3 H ^ - t: be'tr S.E " .'5'gxi' S3S^ 3JJ Oi, 2 rret fe W W . A 2 Iu) U .^te* - w B J=* vU c u j": 5oc a t -B iS'E'- rt^ v> ` = i`gs "So" -te e U o Co c O V w be o . 5 M ^En .-O "CE W MS.-sC s "2%" JS^ o * s jo _ .t: . u 2 > o rt Wc w. 5 o -se.. ^ = = ^ . o I c C ^ <J ka *9 w ' g. o ', ,, .2u ^E S s .E s.J .*Cn2 *otu>?. ..S v Or> uw uo bV.) s ;= --5 E c &U -O* ItsT. u - c S " V = 3 A. -_- _g r tc Si vi * 9 m cfc ow b^ 2 * " c .= -=E*S 5 f : n 2 5 ^o *n t C C fl * - i a O3u a. 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X rt *3 e --S *373 *vn. gP 5 l -- rt rt c * * = * rt *X rt XK* > *2, te X rt -X - c o c*o c. < Vi cc jte X S2 3 *OM ^ VJ O *" 5 o js 3 bC X 11 I-O -"C >^ -- X a-- w c -C *."= c- a sO X s X *> .2* ^ JS * o u rt .5- x be 'X a-S .3 C rt 3 .2 *, be rt Cc o sIS in w C 3Vi bC V) *rut m r>>< 3 ^-- X .2 > xX ts - >i > t: -- ' ce x -- > *--r5t UX C3 X rt ? ug o V. rt 3 K rt V) X X a 3C X- X*- *r3t oU . C L C " c ^ = ,,* 2 >, S =|S E 2 te W .3 09 _C rt tt rt ^ X .= " - S c U rt X . '? r 3H C Qw X^ ^Vi >. ji 3X i ns *oO V. B2 2? a s 3 < 5-- a E< X w rt *1 e U . 5 rc n- .*te .--s *> -- -- x = *3 M "T lic owner * of every foundry or metal shop engaged in casting, fabricating, or working over in any manner, of iron, brass, steel, or other metal or compound * * * shall establish and maintain for VIR hygiene foundation of AMERICA, Inc. l egal Series. Bulletin t\o. 1. Part iii \ Survey of the Statutes and Court Decisions Respecting Occupational Disease from Air Pollution iKur the Confidential Information'of member*. Not for re production, wholly or in part.) PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA MAY 25. 1936 LEGAL SURVEY PART iii With respect to Occupational Disease Resulting from Air Pol lution, Comprising a Study of the Statutes and Court Decisions of States of the United States. Prepared for the Legal Committee of 'AIR HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA, INC by WILLIAMS, EVERSMAN & MORGAN. ATTORNEYS. TOLEDO. OHIO dnw C- U", f'*. -* N OC O' CO H Z, w H 2 O c. U .IsS? E o U rt (9 ' PS n * f > X X X si > > > > xXXXx CHAPTER VIII COLORADO [. Workmen's Compensation. 1. Statutes. Compiled laws of Colorado 1921. Secs. 4375 4525. 2. Administration. The law is administered by the Industrial Commission of Colorado consisting of three persons who devote tlnir entire time to such position. The Commissioners are appointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent ni the Senate, for terms of six years. Not more than two of the Commissioners can be members of the same political party and not more than one can be classed as a representative of employers or of employees. Inquiries may be addressed to that Commission at Denver, Colorado. The Commission is em powered to prescribe rules for the protection of the life, health, and safety of employees in the state; this will be treated later. 3. Scope of the Act. Sec. 4389 provides: "The right to the compensation provided for in this Act, in lieu of any other liability whatsoever to any and all persons whomsoever, for any per sonal injury accidentally sustained or death result ing therefrom, on and after August 1st, 1915, shall obtain in all cases where the following conditions occur: * ** * * "(c) Where the injury or death is proximately caused by accident arising out of and in the course of his employment, and is not intentionally selfinflicted." . Disability or death resulting from an occupational disease is therefore not covered by the Workmen's Compensation Law of this state unless such results from an injury by accident within the contemplation of this section of the Act. 4. Court Construction. In Carroll v. Industrial Commission, 69 Colo. 473, 195 P. 1097 (1920), the Commission awarded compensation where the evi dence showed that strenuous work of pitching alfalfa hay in an inclosed building, combined with breathing dust-laden air, brought on an attack of heart trouble causing instant death, and also that the work would not have brought on a heart attack if it had been done in the open air. 37 i*IJ "" ^ s'o ii . v n !}<; 0w O ""3 bfe-a^ -2 7." "r2Ct "Cr`t c CO x eC . ; u * oTMS ii n .s-- n _ c. s o tr- rt S feC-- 2 w.2 S O 2 c*fc > 8 t-- : ks Z =2 *-- , 5 2s i2 S r; oo-r-r _w 35 c0V=z "-- (A ax' S 33* 5 (e :m u * *-- re *- S u ua *-.*5 ~ : 2 c & *n o 4* E 9s -- rt u n *- -a ---- --ia N w ^ n-- * O 44 rf = c.2 " = j? rt c C- ---= -= * -rt-rrt -0 "f EJ; 1"= .v ? 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A "r<* . rf"tt rt ?bZ %A reajgZS--"*"=3 a3 0*3 2 D- -- S"5*S A 'hT -- o_ VJ c . S s -S5^hha----XSp-* - Z .Z V> b- A j- s O A A A . &. V) - a -- 2cg-^-Hg = ]I ! c Z-- u ^-- H 2 2-0 t. U A .A u C a^ * s-g ".E o .!=- = 5 ":2.:.ii; w 5 -< -I s 1 M. _ .Si Z . :b : re i 3 m s *0 v a as ya ~-- 5a a ^rze a: _ okm *5A Z VJ A-Z =5 3 5 Joj ja2zZ.r1 en* Z A -a fS " h- y eo c^.3.u re 3 A C ~ a fl'Ow 3 S|5 re H r v5 a *a v: * a. > .a .= -- CQ AJ S3 --B Cm 3 W Cm " ba C c A c oW A A fO c. m Z2 A Ab S "S5 ba 3 >* CA Uo A SA re J2 c hu- Jn? ba A ^J A a - "- < &-* Mre *Z= 3 P. -- * o3 C O J^ 3 bj O ba 5-3 ae A v o A JK -JiB -wp>bi 3Av; 5 i | --3: A?: $ 3A C = S T d- re o -z ^b ba 0 .5 ! o -- w .Z ' .1 Sf -K 3 -- _ <si " A *2 r> ^3 ft) hA. Qs A Z ** C = c u re ^ 3O w uS *-- A c" A a 3 zb a " ft A -- 2 = a ^I ft if. m .* re -0* -- ^ s ^Ezap*e -->. -=2>. -"Z Ow V) ^ 2 5^*?rz*3 sc z *z * -- ^ a- .Sf re " ^ *p CO . s u ^ -i- a . bA A CO o re .z b a* c AA a gi-s =h C3 0 rt U3 o A -- " A C.25 >* ab a> A 3 A c A - JS AW Ss vn > >au |l| ia .S fti -rw z'a ^ re a >: - -- .3 Aj* If. b ^ ba Z b A > ~ re ^ re c* 5. = * E . - J CHAPTER IX CONNECTICUT ; Workmen's Compensation. 1 Statutes. General Statutes of Connecticut, Revision of 1 ojo. ch. 280, Secs. 5223-5291. j. Administration. The law is administered by the Workmen's i umponsation Commission, composed of five commissioners, one num each congressional district, who are appointed by the gov ernor. Inquiries may be addressed to the Commission at Hart- iord, Connecticut. j. Scope of the Act. Sec. 5223 contains the following deii- nuions: "The words `personal injury' or `injury' * * * in clude only accidental injury which may be defi nitely located as to the time when and the place where the accident occurred, and occupational disease as herein defined. * *" (Bold face type ours) "Occupational disease" is defined to mean: "* * * a disease peculiar to the occupation in which the employee was engaged and due to causes in excess of the ordinary hazards of employment as such. * * *" The words "arising out of and in the course of his employ ment" mean: "* * * an accidental injury happening to an em ployee or an occupational disease of such employee originating while he shall have been engaged in the line of his duty in the business or affairs of the em ployer upon the employer's premises, or while so engaged elsewhere upon the employer's business or affairs by the direction, express or implied, of the employer. * * Due to the amendment of this section in lVi*. to substantially its present form, disability from occupational diseases caused by the inhalation of dust is exoressly covered by the Work men's Compensation Law of this state. Attention is here called to a brief statement of relevant sec tions of the Act: 1. The Act is divided into part A "Employers' Liability" (Secs. 5223 to 5225) and part B "Workmen's Compensation" (Secs. 5226 to 5291), and covers all public and private employ ments in the state. However certain employees are excluded: outworkers, casual employees, and members of the employer's 49 >BVCSSgg os Elc --x >-- S R---- k c 0 ^d w o c c. -e. <-2g's--s 7* " s| 1 E ci U IZ 60 60 * rt _ k. *- S o U ,3 SV* S. --** "kdwS.>' >"* sssgiw* d __ S O#ud XCdj X x O _ S 5 b U3* .ft "Ek b. rt e Tti - E J 2 x -: a. ^ c s= c ..C<fstSfret ^ * = --o > o *r? *2 .2O ,, ot. a* >re E X*rSt S *-=r re x r 2 5 *; k- *r re >> >* X _ uv tr> R_ M C* 8X em 'S' > -- w__ -- < 61 - " rt c 60 " =TM ? V) x- f>nfs. *"-= 7 w .2 u ^ fRt <^ Cl .a 1 ^ w. l i5 5 &5 V ~^ fs E _ ow II Z 5 >i --- S Cl vi X x .S5 ^ os ^ Jvi 5 2 > R 3 X U X V w > ? 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C.i V X tZ X ?3 rae *E ^ 4S1 .E' --^ > e. 1-2 X 41 > &-- .<t/2i = U c ~= 3X -- 2 aE 3o -2a *ViX3a ft# 3u c ^ IA 3 .3 IA 3 aX _3 (A Eoo W;. c. 4=# i 3 'Cl 3 *ft t tO 3, a jc K t3: a *= & s pIA- S IaA --l. -- 3 Us a *3 o 3O- 4a<1ft Z fItA# a -5 li I- O3 0(A .*23 H >a *ai3a a 3Qj IA O. 3 5 ft# a E 66 *t: _ S .2o S'?2 3 O E 3OOv.n a ^ o ^ .--3 ^'-Sa2 ObM 3T. to ,2 c ff ^60 :Eo 5 ft *E*F 3-- *c fi ' E "3 2 C = ..3E w "^3 * *- JS *j--e*: ^^5 3 B Cm- vi 5 *a S aS . ae r 3 a Su o s _ --E5 >1 JS is E c 0 w W -- *_*--5c :3*5o- -'~WrPzt *:33*=--^--XbcSXx*.' a3, o,,ca---ESro*3a"ioja ift a to a E "3x-H-- S C-- ^ 3 C 3 w3i eE s5 O o 2 & * * c o 0 -- i.i s il Sc a .2 to . o c a * . O .2 'E w-. JS "= x n a^ 3a c 3 *" u t3 tfi 6--0 *Ia a E -03(f-t a, (ft s I i^:asj5a5;*--? 3IA a--a3 -3c2. - > -5 Q --*3 2 ^ ^ 3a..-iaxc*-' wW B .2- 2 3* (" ^ X 3 a-- 2e *a 3. *--" --*3 ^(cO* juo -5 Su' ^ a & r. o % -3 -r ra ^ a w'-J -3 -- c --a oJO -- --3: --a X 2 g 2 *. <ua d> IZ rot ;> d c 9 O " 5 = iu S --_S re Asj i*'f e. o ... c9 C dd ' c" n S c e - C c vm rbe u ' re % SI cm rbz zx ~9a* r? -- 4/ ~* U!S -&! d d - 9 5oO t'st rt S E.2 dk - ft Is I o -- '> -- * a -- ft *J J5!? . ?.|s' = *A d *5 I * sg ft9 -- (C 5f *o 8_9 2 "d --dC wd>* d c g 3 9 ,,=.-.=--2- - -- 3 cd u rt -- eX M^ **O*ZXi99J* '53? ^>d>: 2'S. 9 j* {*" M 3 c rt S - 9s*dk". So-d1 > O" = W -- VuI = U9=;Cr7: cj Si . U R 4 o `m Z rtrre. a v > 'u * re 8 3 ? 9 s <3 -g 8 Si w rt V X .9 <A re 9 -82 oo*~ S- 3 ^ s 4; CN 2 7HTM 3 . *.*o "uk5. .C 9 S cre 9d S(6 og .2 ^ Si O 9 ^* -d9 ft If, 5 2 C r ~ K ^ *3 * 5 QJ 3 4S*-v-dC > ?c $a .s9 <-> c 9 re re x z* -3 dO (A (0 -re 92; *. &o |-"c =-=! 4UP O"J ^/. <a) ^P r-~*r* * sO^ -S 9 5 -S n 3e *53 -- *E9 V>V re. 9v B in 2= MO sp " -b i .1re aMs *0 "re sSM 5'v* mre *u* j--z s S tJS 29 -u2 .O re -A>> Cv V "" H O4 c .2 ^ e- t re .s 3 I If *d9 9d dIA d u re ft ft rIAe 9 O ^ 0 9 9 d E liiir *C9 b s C. 9 ui "9 1.2*1 t e ?r S .r 58 s "o - " Ii o1 5 " S #o 2~ ^ re 5 ^ x, . *4i rs -59i .2 f ^.9c r_e VCo c. < Qw s S: --Vj O' _ u% mm re E W .. ?5 x CN re 8 wu c JO <n g ? gv .2 9u -- Ju= dk. 9 0u C 3 -E rvT d .2 JO3' " 2 c s O'* *d *d Ow ^u= re ud > d 3 "r>e* m ^ -- *a 3 9 d rz 9 irne > - 9__ 3 9 **0 *x0* A >u re re .3 IA % M 7. O m r. 2 u O -IZA VI 9 -- - !S re 2 re o a! mS > 5 ,, * c " z1 . tt tL -_ Cs SE w2 A ?Sf - ' = 0nO--C*' ----uo Z9 re ^ re re = e re _ S< ~ sm o 2 u ^ ^ ' > 5 4J "3 <5 9U"C -C4. U *-SCE* E9O4# 9 H re r*e _- =c O 9fif 51A U., o s2 wo *3z cH 2 . re S* 213 Elli -- re c ** c 2 J eg 2 o s SeTj = j re --- 9 S> wrVve --1 =" s -- JJ a-- = i-5 I ** M o c c C0 B = =3 = --= xs .t=^- O M" tc.= s k 3 re ct3 re *5 > u re 0 e , C > " t*. * 4> 13 life= 1*0 I* ^ 21 0 =o o a 2 5 *t9- -- fc w= -- -^c aE. >re o 3 c 9 9 O [m 9Z V v^ " i(TA 2 if> re tH,i re 4A> -- 8'= 3^ Cm E 4Ji 3 ' 9 = w 2 >, M 9 fifi C c^ 2. ^s3 +* "-w s-I5 >f. eEc ^ .2 5 :>s re - rce. *c9 EE <rae > S- * ir. 0" ** C 5 re 9 reous tj: r u-> 1** V " *V<A rue vre 'z9 o "3 , O O' <* .re rt o 3"g *0 re o 9 3u -re *uz 3* re w ag IA 3 4> 9m j 2 re ~ iJ -- g V S^ co 3 <j 3 in *9 *O* #-rSt JC ' m . = O .2u 5E. = w- re c o< H o o 0 5" -2 .3 3 9 <A Pm 4- 3 c 2r4e> =4/ (A .5 0 t: in Si S* =5 --. re c o g-g re --w ^ Sc* "lA *** mmi w rke. C'C d9 5IA `9ia Sre d bo C 9 IA u re c "2X -z = " rt '1 2 c1 _-S 5 l O -S `2- -cu O c. - 5 re re v- E *9 ^ aft J"J *C3 5` i> O2 E -x X 2M -u ^ 9: o ** re re V E H ,, Ss| 2 5E >," 9 *> E IA 3 IdA du -- fIAt m 5 9E d rut re <A d Oil out 8dk. dk. 0 ycz- 5 o .I2s isn -re = o ** S-2 It4At>j - >rUe4 -" ? 2 sO(A 9o-- 9J S 9 9 9--- = 4- sruJt". Eu4?/ ,-= ^Sf *E W S rt u .9 e ,, =-- w Z re o m 9 -- rt v. -- s ^ 0 re p=u * u 9 re re 9 2 re s CA * * * >1 2 * *E .i 2 'ii " *^0 c re z > tf . c O *9 S =_9 rt in o re re ? * u o "2s v .2 re n --re t. *9 41 9n 8reJ fdc- V> ft 0 soy .*2u ft ~ 9 -c 9 ^ *9 89 2 u r4e> >1 re c re Cu au (A 2 re E zd d d rt 1/3 d XE .2 d _ d 9 H ?^ Z 0 4> V 4) .0 M o VN n jZ5O .o o O- --M %2 9w 2N K 01 1 c<t o O ^r ? s - - = O ^ m 2^2 Mb* f .*. 5 - S ce 0 . > 10 w No 3tn ^ e jm ji <J 8.W R 3ON-*d T H o. *rS2 co 2 nf d O9 -C t -* < ^3 d >= E 9i =- >> C_O C2 re 2* c * rree J9r5e C # *--O .2* EC V re * rme .2 9O C J- VIA d 9d E C u 3 J" d ft S re re 2 S.s.2 E cd #~r g*z o~ ko> . H SbeT;*9" " re *.5c "3 ds d >33 ewC ud d ** -k uC ~v ie| C..E d 9 ** c ~ c 2 5 = re "r*u 9d e C 60 9 -3d 9 *9 d re d 5 0 in *2 v -- *" 9 .B. re .S 3 ! &o re d S S .9 J2 -- x M*- *" 9IA * 2 -- Sf re d fiM "S^H S3 d9 d 3 -- -- * ec d g `u S s s _ o> = > *- a-s 28 9: O < ^2 m is - wmm <* x9 E r0C 2 *= = - 2 E > re * d d in ^ 5 d E E ft 9 ,Em (5 u Sx. d ^O H 2re 1c, d_ Ed 9 C r-e * * *3 o 9U re .9 0 =. .E as e --S C =U UE* _* 9joo^---sEMSd .uR3Srbeg.cSb iEj with great difficulty in defending an action, as the courts would probably hold such failure to constitute negligence per se. 2. Slate Department of Health. As noted above, the State Department of Health collaborates w ith the Commissioner of Labor ami Factory Inspection to administer Sec. 2359 above in z ^ 1. Department of Labor and Factory Inspection. Ifcaclquarters: 257 State O ffice Building, H artford, Connecticut. Administered by the Commissioner of I.ahnr and Factory Inspec!ion, who is appointed by the noveruor for a four-year term (See. 2.I.W1. The Commissioner is assisted by seventeen deputy So JSJJ o. urtx*3re "2 *2 5 re C --*3M 4> 3. (A c 4J o3 < *j s3>r*4rUt- X--v_ w 60.u5 o > 1/1 3O U* * be *o..,s xu V c-o V) o |Sg e.a.2 uun X9 L) C.~ *- ^:J .tc> O3s o fy* ~ f<tj c uo k. - s*r . "3 u3 re OE re- " a- rt *re- 2 .2 s S .. v a ecw 5. 5g o re jj 3W = 2- I 2 J >n " = S --u <4 u U (A v-- O xU *0.15 ES X - "u a wy )= 5.t; ",,3 tt>n- XS ft ^ V&O K^ =*5 w -- 3 828 5 rt x2 *5 x2 x ,, -5 g v be v 3x O* rt re x _ 3 bo So3 II: sr a.*- *->u X S3 O :X go n_ u re X vi Uf X w3 r5ree XXx 3 S u.-5- u2 _ r*e XX C i^X < a -- e* < i`2 = T rt e. 5 _ .3 -- tA , v) ""E O E S rt Sv sc 5 -- W *3 <-> X- (ft _ * tft X y O 3re . 3 (ft V-- 'y X ft TM * </ y CT X-- iU 2 s nV rt *fi/S x .5 "3 re rej TM * * 3 wore *U X -- 5KK X.-- s 1 v c`.5.5 c.x 3^ cUbt--r3e 0 re * ---- Xa ** Bo s3 xo cre. -- p o ^. ^ ~V Wu --c --U x w Vc) St"!; "bsc 3re .u2 ac -^ = fee w. u K T5 * " - *-r z - e"5 re (--ft ,2 3re "" bj.e ^ .= a c c. bIIeS-jr'S-- s. | s - X " s -r ft h* V:ia sc .r3 I I a -* J - :-j ; re s o . <ft x Cx o re X> VV u in ;t cbo . -f S 5 a= 'Zw 3re *--0 re cS c . w O Iw. eS S ---- --rIAe t3r S be X x^ x ~ 2 >, ^ ,r vrT S* w --* S c^- ux a ore -- g a- 2 re: o < N: o .3 O ~re *X3 ^ 3 re: u y (A re 5 .2 -- ST ^cx o JS 5 ecx u tcecc XO c *8 H 5 br= rt rvei r3ae so o ) e 1 1 .3 Xxto(ft 3 re 3. F 3 w o re c o o oo ^_ eere. O.. x X" --C2^- 1vfc' --o5s 3f" S 3 3O 34..XC3 * * J o 3X2 o3 u C >> * x- oerxt*aoc.at"c Hoi 3O Ilb' o *3c Xt Xu a re U. X cC .X2 s - be - -- = .5 o o *!a u re '3 ]s 6--c 3 re a . . 5 x "re x t w. g C *3iZ c rree: 3 S -- 2 3 --a Z5 re: -- - re = re rsoz uclCcTZ i- '--s x -- re > Za= > C H V. c cr. a* .*1 s E Wi5 = "2*- at5/-'are (--c > *3 OC 33 cy c *"* k! if ~ 2 ^ gals'! 2 g e .= ~ ill'll it 111 i.? I ? I!; 51*1-2 51= & --r-HlJ M-g o"*------ - IliiliJ? I --r! H? = 6 f ; S i - r i. liPlUi mum K in *; a -- V. Z - S fl s= ~ s. .= =3 u s - x jd -s#t 5 S stA O u7 y '" ww u 1 h < -- .2g n 3 > s** SJ y O S S X rt 5 d " |J-- d 3 d rt w* I7> CX S 8 '= .ag g 5 .2, 5 . is * , - - = =5.1 S 8 UW " o_ ty .3J- c(A rut -- fct - I -2 I 5.X " = .= -a y a l a :uH5 r< " 4= t = -2s u S .2 5 I .3"c c =r I x o; tvs- i^:s5> o rt cy |s Irt s^ S Is f IE .2 chr. -- *" -- -- S rt .2 s S -s? < S c uC *2 C y u o y^ 3 CU - X 4; C-- rt I 1 I IX e C u O fc "T 5 = .s -- s gr Jc- o X C. C. %i > d -- S a fcfi _Sz5S;-= ; S ?5j w* y> ft> S CO " ~ 3 -a 3 C , 0 'u O = i C- -- a5 u -^ . C rt - 3. -1- ^d >. C .j. SS --" Sr, - *g - M - >. 5 c > o SI'ESi u _ -c m r. ? r ^ .: " I< o r* k.2 C| ; >, * " -- C > Z -g y v ci s -- ** .2 3c E E.u Vy, X-- yG a x -w S c --t -- w y. .2 a >. = 3o "S - if o y. (C 2 _ c. On* . d ox*. s *. x a c .2 ' w -- U fc- rt S s . d > 7; a **s *o y. = T X 5;5& __ zz rt a o M o Cl L '/ ^ c Xu g: ^z o IA *3) 3 O_ =r-t .a- y w Ci "3 Z Jz *a - 3 1 I y . -- r o'* C< : j Xo J= ^*A II --s .- 9Z ?3 P w. H o t V) c; g . * X . y -- .c S u *Z C ci rt --" rt o O> u *c~ V X iz M 5= v -~ 5 5 n -2 s c " `Z c y. "* C o o *3 -J d,, ^ C .S xC y :*s : s o irsgz)*- K xs -S ^ o ? JS 5 = X J^ c -12 S M 3 == C O ' * '' -- C E 4/ E S 3 C ^ C <; " = t_ ^3 w Cl rt C. - -c " SP --9 .S X rt %o -- a*" yy aj X 2^ ~> 3 ci rt y -- C o u x -3 . = c - r O . w-- o ? .a c c o'.s st:? C. " " > rt & gj= C. y _ - rt _* * . x j: o * y ^ rt X o- <* .C a 3 * rt -- *3 -- *> rt 'o' W rt c l. C; sox3 *r* y rt c rt O 3. 3 w 9i C *C *0 3_ OP t tO uu w E> w-- .E *5 c - = - s SII C2 XW C C (B rt yw ^ k. rt c E rt K if "S. Ez rt < E5 S o o 5 ou S #o r>-%s bo c Ij ryt rt < -- E rut y rt y bo re rut 2 ,5- T. E o e A Vkm rt A rs S C -u c < c >,.2 rr ^c & o3 >- U o -- ir "2 = Si 2 y *rt * X M _*~ . O ~ O c *C"l 3 rt 3E j w .2 c c ir* -- *H. * --Cc 3 *Z c* C y w r -- ci ^ yX Cb = - _ n - *r C Cl JZ 3-- !r S 3 rt Ci % * X X C* -- s E W c* c c *3 rt wX >. C *3. s' rt *s rt V x <1 c .2 M2 _ 'o.*P 2o 5 o 0 a -= E 5 5 2t *3 y v-- rt >. .3 rt >mN y. hJ> S -- ft 00 ryt ^ c! *- II oP X o := " ? S rt xH rt ID rt .a r. rt *3 ^ ^ o* " bO c. t3 . oc3 3> O rt u -- c> Ou -- ci y -3 ,3 3 rt U X i *3 2 w .33* -- 3 *3 ? 3 JS ^rt =33 rt y w a w *x - E 5 .= " e a ** rt o 0 a a n Ijs Ia rt rt g 0 v Tii E*m rt (rt <eo _^ M. 2> 0" ^ mS ta 99 M = z.s M- S.S5 rt *m rt m e _ 9 -5 2.1 S' E S*sxJ 8fl 2 g |sg m.2 b; aE X o rt w ja * e sp * X O s rt s rt E Pi =2' P 4> s^_.u -- 2^3.* ^2c 1 <- - ^.U g X .j. B O,, 4 -- ~ rt X rt c <f 81 x n0 X booo-- 0 c* > rt n: rt -rt q, a^B S. rt ft 40 ; &o" -o-c-- V B> 'C,0< 0 Sb<^ H o rt rt^ " rt c - O 5.2 05a -sSsfi = > 3-- z o. X rrtt ,ou, II o C.= "-3 e , SS O rt'~- ebo 9t cboSS .So uC K.2 rt c> -- > - Sec ?S g r5t oS g ? bo tS^ rt*c 1 ' X3 xv .-- rt a X y C co r) U 3 CJ ^rUcCtrXr-rtt0**oS_;>1^"aSXs3ao04O.SVrti VO -rt*. rt pN o 0,^2 ax o C crt n^ -- X rt E a K . *2 . rt 3 W v*. !? *- X 9 rt rt ^ >s S'y w fw) wy 2. v .2 ? rt ffJS N-e;.2 o *r a-- r-t w ---c rt^ou*" y o 'fecuuc3.. ,, 8o^-5 X e^!S >.." a SO o-0 i'11 O"*r 0 ^c&-grSt!"O60 <n g 5 Si E X rt 0 = . rt ^ ^.2 rt u . rt JS ^ ao E,, U coSrt-3.-`-S sS=!! *& > - " w. rot a-- 2C x 2 "S u O2. 5 .E.= -= 355 rt o y X X y O y 2 b0_ 2s Hx~ saB ou rt .3 ci aHP&!!E ^0 S 3 *S u 3<-- rt -3 3E^ rt rt wS>* o ci ,rt *3 > rt rt y O?*-*M--* z. A ?!>'!rt =r = 8 fc" rt rt ci >X * . w - _ rt -- 3 o 41 u 3 S" B' -*!& a 3 t/> o `.a s*5: _ 5*^3 5 ga ^r--ti^ii.wS-BX'3rXrtt r^tXrotrtTS"w Xrt0NCyyC..L.-ryt rtX'O oc rt -- -- w -- O -- y rt", " - c ^ j x 4) x rt --*9 C BX 9 nw rrtt rt -- i -- S3 p Z rt > u O re -- E^ rt rt ,,o 3& -- ci > rt 0 > rt i rt 3 O E E Xo o X rt rt -- rt ec " u rt *m -- u c .= - = t c* -E rt rt rt c 3 y rt rt z Xa 5 C3 rt O > s0 0 i u 5 rt s " -- rt E s:i rt <> y rt --X rt X rt ^ P rt ?s rt -- rt u c o 5 X = '*" = X CJ 3 e rt > y p3 X rrt X2C. rt A x=E S2 Si 3 rt c> : __ -3ayrt 2 *- rt Js-g s ? *. :<! E SU o < --c. 0. <- _ --- a3 Xi; y .3 ci .3 rt s g 4 = S3 u3 rt bo x i* Z2 ^o .3 v` AO *ru"t. ^Oy ho a = I l C. ' 3 rUt O 9rt oC ; o 15 o * 1^ * y rt ~rt iot- ci 3 X o * -- Cl 3 y a ^rt X <. n- rt .a -- rrtt i ^ i >s C Xo ci 5 =U 5 p a u#C -S -- X rt x3rt Xrt .rU3t 39w y3 OC A y Z rt 3 X p rt 3X * y yrt w 2X 6 _-**o `w-?T. jv - - y~. -' *W ctzj K <5 H C- < < -a It -- o -- c. s o ,5 e *r 5S M xw *e- x* xc s ce * ,I---Z5ii csS s a " JS o a O Xn 3 tfi X 1^ .5 *' 5 e s X^ 9 <" `2=* -- -- o *_ t: - r oO *9 C8 s sM X C x y> u . S SV 2> 1I -- ^3 Cl O U 2 s. O B g 55 ei 5" 5 E2 S 2 o ca ^ m X <9 H" _ *" 2 *S a_ as e -" W <M * na o* <cn Os' "aw Ovui tafl (v/< - (0 c .S g. s t* JS Ja = vj --2 = H 8B rs. e -S ~* o .2 i j=? o ~2PS <sj .ia .. o 5P 3 M `2 u - So a ^ I u ^ _--_ a y* h y x gs in " w. O V, 2 =l_ Q s a c .5 ^2 3 e -s ^ t O I cee L> 5 -c --A >, ,5r ^ n* xO Xo be 10 -- V x o -a * s3 o s c * o a o a pC >1 i i. " C g ca o .a2 *" * SI b m cW ^ aosv c .5 a t , ge ^ 2 S 2 *o4 > w O &.S 9a Si -- x u 5 E Q. a fi. S O C w> SZ .*23 uo v . 5w SO i'S ?; U ^ ^ ^O = tVJ - 1 E * a . J* a u o v .r c t3 < Jb >> x o Sv Ba 9o > * C s .r*J-=* va So c " -- " <- M c c -oS f j: f c si a~ s i ^ c^ 2 >.> vc..^* > j~;--*' * S js: .5 il s >.y s x: -- a v. S 22 ^ a UB --= B= JBJ Ew Se. 'B = > *- H S~ =0 s n ? 7. w sC Eo ga c oss x tV 5c JR --s c "a= w ^ ,"2 C. I .srs ?>:s -- ac = a w u?! ll t) * o S a * y `-g'- 9 u 3 a"a a C. C cL .2 n *|"ri 5 s5 s J3.2 .E--- Cl ^ .S = E =.a S s >i 5 Uc u o = f 4w=^ 2. v > *- e' *-. = ^2 X* '? ^t u S w * ~.H S i: u. 2 a9J j; 9 - 5*2 wU2^ 52 " is,t "a C E 2 o o 5 -g mo" ,, Ss^>i -- a = g * j > . ! -- -- c u -- o `7>X1^_u__X_--Z___su g * a'T - 2 i- 11. o .e_e -5=.= 5 E v) a a v .2 ^ a. a S nJ a Cil CO * aS sCl -- h. s -2 o c jj h ^ o<_ g Jl C f 2- c >,e2 s - = 2 O = o zI |u -n S *a XA 2 3 * Ci E 5*9 **C"i au sS u __ a ^ -2 ^a 4>a1 xO * a _ ci s # * -- V J =. 5 - S'z v~ a - S ?J v o j Ca, .ft =-- *a3 s^ % y5u e s< & T3 c a. e ac ~ = s O o s' * a a uu a</s ^o u Xc 5 '*" Cl a c. X a CO E u6 V Cl >Cl in X a X <J s cjj 4> 5 u *. ru 5Z B w JS X *E. B r^ o c ^a S s" ~tn J2 3w = S _ C "S C-- ca 23 = C5**3^X 2 3 s! e. ^ u ** s s I 5 CS - v> Sw 9* X~ -c g -- a 4^ >c1; a3 a w u S a !; C -- a E 55 x _c X. cCl - >X c .r 4S u Cl o c c no W-- 4u> ^t/*-. *9rt wS * ^ .cM ft a . * Cm ;:ss |Z ~ 1 J i 1 -6 o o .2 *4* := X 5? t is* uo _ Si * .= *0 *S *o *^" .bro ' -- = -c .U. t> --"O VMl C-SnM os5wt*i .2 <2 s i> C +* * *Z- s2 s! s C: CO s -- -- ,,s 5s ir s -- e ** *o - c 5- JSS ao* o s ** tt =5a g *S 5 C fef <0 ** i *M -- 2 5 o Bl- -- 2fi -Ctc - * E FIo >* fiFio c u O -9 be i/i tk 3 s- * 4 m c Vs .s E -- 2 r2t S -O *C3 -T tv>> --* C-- *. - u j: S . %^ U w ?j - 2 -= J*S -SS --2 - 5! ft * ir-s-s s -- s '"" *vr. r. <n/! X 5 J2 * *c s n ur*t. eoc SS 5 >, *Z 82 (0 *4W jt X -- j* o5 7 >~ i S O sc S 5 ** ft -- *- t S' e | < |.6=t vn r. S' . fs CO c-Cj. & VA v'lrlti C!-Sj: i CHAPTER XI DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA [. Workmen's Compensation. 1. Statutes. The original Compensation Act was entitled .iml is known as "Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Com pensation Act." It was approved March 4, 1927, and its lia bility provisions became effective July 1, 1927. This Act is now cited as U.S.C.A^ Title 33, ch. 18, Secs. 901-930. References herein will be made to the section numbers of the original Act. and the U.S.C.A. sections will follow in parentheses. By Act of Congress approved May 17, 1928, and effective luly 1. 1928, it is provided that the provisions of the Long shoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act shall apply "* * * in respect to the injury or death of an em ployee of an employer carrying on any employment in the District of Columbia, irrespective of the place where the injury or death occurs; except that in applying such provisions the term `employer' shall be held to mean every person carrying on any employment in the District of Columbia, and the term `employee' shall be held to mean every em ployee of any such person." There are four exceptions which are not material in this dis cussion. This Act of M"ay 17, 1928, is quoted in full in the note under Sec. 901, ch. 18, Title 33, U.S.CJL 2. Administration. Both of the foregoing Acts are ad ministered by the United States Employees' Compensation Com mission. The office of the Deputy Commissioner in charge is at 805 G Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 3. Scope of the Act. The Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act provides, in Sec. 3 (a) (U.S.C.A., Title 33, Sec. 903): "Compensation shall be payable under this Act in respect of disability or death of an employee, but only if the disability or death results from an in jury occurring upon the navigable waters oi the United States (including any dry dock) and if re covery for the disability or death through workmen's compensation proceedings may not validly be pro vided by State law." The Act of May, 1928. cited above, and which may be re ferred to as the "Workmen's Compensation Law of the Dis trict of Columbia," extends the scope of the Longshoremen's 67 - V. k 9 <o n > 6 ^--s, *o bM>> Cl X --* re - -o 5 ^ u x` 1 X 5 2 "3 bS >' 3 & b, ec a x >- ^ b re <5 OC 3I gI ^ fa* o -* >x CO re D 9 > 9 o> bb o U U * X 41 Jt >* *re 0 re re U *re 9 re 25 m * # b v> U re ir. re .*9* *o rre "*9 ^* a * = V re > b b . ^ re " wo re x 2re -xc o 9 r--e >-- re ^ V. O' <m g Xb . > *9 . 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S 514 .s-- ,: : s J -2^t4._-t:iS-Es-"_*- c9rtw 5 3**ei 5 2 X 3 3 o c 44 * w = * s (9 (9 C. ft MU --2 3 rt. 4 C. > -- <1 . fc- W . 44 44 c t: < <9 44 3 s! rl-ila. 6 o 2 - rj4 v-! cl = _ -=~ cc 7 c' 2: s-= 3 *3 8 x c *' 14 ft ^ y IA ** X *. Ms 44 . c rt 44 ^-- C rt E. 3 He 'f * -- -- X. w~ u . X > IE 3 -- -3 ** J C u 54 14 -3^*5 *3 ^3 <9 E as - 3--LO. 3 4 3 i' cJ 14 g|gsSi_ -3 y - 9 *}!*-- 14 > _ 2 ttC ft O f9 3 _ 14 /: ^E ft " - yjc ft a i h 'rp:~^ir at ~ 5^ S fe-5 r e'=- c I=3 ."x V i.t - g -=*- 3 w X b. j Cm CC . -3. Z= S> .=3.-s ~J'g 3 g W o 44 *r =c Ct 5 ^ r. *r > - I CHAPTER XIII GEORGIA [. Workmen's Compensation. I. Statutes. Georgia Code of 1933, Sec. 114-101 through <cc. 114-9902. and Sec. 54-101 through Sec. 54-107. J. Administration. The Act is administered by the Depart- mi'Mt of Industrial Relations under the control and manage ment oi three directors, the Chairman of whom is the Com missioner of Commerce and Labor. Communications may be addressed to the Department of Industrial Relations at At lanta. Georgia. 3. Scope of the Act. By Sec. 114-102, "injury" or "personal injury" means "only injury by accident arising out of and in the course of employment and shall not include a disease in any form except where it results naturally and unavoidably from the accident, * * *" Under this section, disability resulting from occupational dis eases is excluded under the Act unless it results naturally and unavoidably from an accident. 4. Court Construction. A. When Disease is Compensable. If an injury is traceable to a definite time, place, and cause and disease results, the disease is compensable, as illustrated by three cases next following: In Employers' Liability Assurance Corp. v. Nerdwell, 142 S. E. 182 (Court of Appeals, 1928), compensation was granted where an employee operating a sawmill died from traumatic pneu monia resulting from an injury received in his chest while handling logs in the course of his duties. In Metropolitan Casualty Ins. Co. v. Croushaw, 161 S. E. 649 (Court of Appeals, 1931), death of an employee from a dis ease contracted by handling dead rabbits in the course of his employment while he had abrasions on his hands was held to be compensable as being a disease resulting naturally and un avoidably from an accident within the meaning of the act. In Maryland Casualty Co. v. Brown, 173, S. E. 92S (Court of Appeals, 1934), claimant had acute lung trouble, which was the result of his being sent into a close tank to assist in the removal of rivets. He became overheated and breathed foul air and dust. 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W S s t s S-E- 2w ? o u - .2 oM O = = >,! 5.SS n c v o * c t: =: 72 JS - S g vi > rt < E <>3 -Ss * ^ s-^ T"! ? u -- *^< rt c ** o ^ 5 g .2 coT ,P *- S 2** u w < rE o s -2 1 <s 2 5 s~ i t " 3: O wO foc" ^ O . `rt S u O k C M s- O O - o -N S u oo rt .x rt CO - b o w O --S 2 E *S5r. rvt a- a ,o " O 'q ^ y --u E< o o-- <~ --oo -g "2 c 3 z >> c aue . 5 u 2 *" >N U o u c >, S "H. ^ . --- in C ft c <J 3 Cl O c ^ cn 2 -= o w --- or^ j; o< 5 . v. o S ic_ --* rt u ++ O -- V) " . O V) o C^ y C-*Z -r; o tr -- Cl > . c SrVtI S%V-) cu.y* 5 c. 2'=*-^^ c" ' 8 r-E-S cu '=^,,- 55 " rt"3-'?'='oo<cg ,, S*ix S.'oS -X c rt =^ 5-=S5 >C a > o2-fi-s-- ** -- -- c. - ort 0 wi e S =3 MO ^ rt c -- ^ *** M> 1.2 I 3 M Jr o C rt -- wn rt r-j tos >- c,w - .r- "--. s_ s-g i.5 . Zi-B s| rt - u *-Z eClj**Zr rz H l5h&-s- lil " H tc 3 ,, 2 ^ - ci C (JU c -i lil vi ^ ci -- - == s:i*-c 2 . c t> . `"IE ^ ^ ^ =y.^I2oyvyrt or ^w = " - - = cg!iS-^ rg=-5"S.i" = 52 .= = J3*~i_=*'? s - p .s o - S Efs- = --,22 = >S'S~2-'fil o2 " Sj'5 S " :i 2 >= fe: "-S " : 2 t " = S " S-3 g |i S C ^E " SS e= S C ^ i c = S'rh-- k ^ I U U g"-2 = cii S s. -C 5 = = -| 22||-i = s. . &S S - i u : = ^ i j 1 =-s i i |si|v"i |`<SS--'E'=--2i!.-| = |u = |S|" = o s'i ^ R 8 8 ! i- "Ip 5-wri'f=|5'?-|SBE=-=|^r"= s^ ^ .wccirt2o -- ^o J s " .5 C m Z 2- w. ^ - -= SliiC'-ii'; Si T , -c5^.rr='^-5^r-- f = ~ S-S 5 = t 5 o <" r0^v. 2 U- -- *"usJ:-^CP" = 2rt^ iio2rt<*J: -2.-S^.!: -- v5E^r-.o^^ . c- w o ^ V. u ^" *= 5. I ^ ^^2& C -^ ^ ^I c Z *| co VV ft o It be 3c *3 m cu -- IA Z it c o --c 34> 3" . .Ex *c 5s? "C c o c- - iJ 3 -s o- A t 5 a= *3 fc- it C 5E " ==., = 3E-i;e Sj 5 i * S! -= u - " s (/ ~ ** ^ ~ u ux H u *c* .5b :*= .2 ! s s 11 n bo m id Z x ct x 2 C -B is _ c5 Si ys It *j U k. Xc 2a .2o Ec _ , . * = .< `T tJ S * <^ ~ 2 :| X' c t a *A E !E 3 u C "C H -U w ^ >s** U2_ b c ^es, H e J I O-S u Z a^'5 -- -- - 93 s 11 (A c_ g -- trNni tft x *3 O' K ? = 8 fi | --C rt wit tea C *- ft sft e X X *5 ft "=> O X So w "3 ; Si ow OUrn It . __ c _ iso it e * > w K x* J: r- xu " e ? e >, - c-- * el ft -- "3 3 C .'Z2C *- if '* * ^ L ft g] > S K " * < = " 2? = .2 2 ' 5 ft -- | *s 3 S ft -= ^ 2 S > *" "5 -- 0X c ** = .2 'i g . X c Z - c c *i j: & = x *j ^cc < o ft r -ft w rs ft ^ be x " - v u 5 . > 3V 3: M O Ic | fc wcm . 5. .c -a i: _- . >>.:; s '? x - 5J hH I c= S ft 1s s= trl <J -S V IA 5 be. 'ft i ec " Where llie .illcRed tortfeasor, or those under whom lie claims, lias hecit R iiilty of no fraud hy which the person injured has hceii debarred or det erred from iustituliiiR suit w ithin the period o f lim itation, mere iRiiorance o f the person injured of the c be x ju u o U ** V ^ 8 >5 Sitft C o si s S- I._ osu j 5 2 jB .!s-! C ttJ -*s- *j j 2 = et 3w 7 = -- *> ft S&<o g i 5Ex~ I3 'C *S o vu 3= *-- >* e. < c C r1 .2 u ^ a <t *Z E n Sf u 2 W^O is "5 41 'Z < j 5 x(A fll .M S -C . u .i <2 t> j: > O -- * V h. CA O Ou ft ^ | .2 IVA u .2 ^x- <t w it v-- o -- " be O .B 7^ ^ ft * O3 --bd a M|-- 3 kQJ o w -5 ft . rs & rt 5 2 H - - *S 3 a .. u u C3 Eo *uu 3u w "bo a o ft W3h w ; xt SE < *3 >t (A C .3 0 3 1> - ^ a ft ^ -- IA _ 3 H _0^ o U-- b be 3 *f0t X S a ~5 Svi .g2 * 5 'i E .I1 J"5o 2 w g " L. c _X <y gg E.2 x eo O Co> = U2 = ^^ tft rAt = s*2 2 e o c X2 32 M Q >n *tc 0 !fl E M- Un <A 3 "*t Mft a ^Oto wo. .Z22 .3 ft o bo 41 5 5 ft .3 t .= 0 3-- * ^ ft W C S ,, 1* m -^o3 tV O .2 -- 3 c S n v x *O>.3^ 3t = x *3 . C u jr 0 5 o x a vXX u 3 H o -- Z * n 3 rUt -- "5 -= 8 t j* u X. 5 * = 1 :p 2 J2 wO mV 3 ^ ^o ' r r> 4 . Z --,f--a,t --**"_h3, ^ H'?o i .= =5 i V g- ^ ai .xWx ^ *" aIA ^_-- e> *i s 03.5 ,N5 ^ " ^ ^S e" o "J5 = 2 W 3 - c - 2 _-W " = r c S X y -- 1 s ao c " ^ E .? 5 e c r. o E c. e j* = -2 o U0 it Z c<J ^*" X S 5 3 *3 ft ft u V0 o - C^Q . wC --ft (A ft B s ft 3 *3 S g 3(A ~ (A ft >_ .3 o Jt -- . ec J 1. (A 2 wC u^ C 'c - s^ Z ^ XT 3 x <3 * .2 5 tSC = < w -'.*f ~ >eo z ~ ~ be l. =3 IA 3 E~ o "bo -- U 2 -- .2 M * 60 22 ;=5 c; uS ^ = * -5 .3 - Z .3 -- s w *> ft Q = "X -_ Mc -i t> 2 ft 3 ft x a 4> 41 X"u--35 -- fwt +* *" C ^ 3> Jt * w . , nc > CQ w 3 >--i S a c4> 6Jf3i 3 > 5o * <a 3^ xw -- ona ` *1 E ft `Z ?O 3; t 3 w X^OE 9 > 5 S' M O -- IT. 3 r c 3 CC B?W 5 0 (A Z ft s: y i/. w 2b >> 3 01 ^>x a ,2 e c^ `5 m x rs CHAPTER XIV IDAHO [. Workmen's Compensation. 1. Statutes. Idaho Code, Annotated, 1932, Sec. 43*901 through Sec. 43-1903. 2. Administration. The Act is administered by the Indus trial Accident Board, which is composed of three members, ap pointed by the Governor for terms of six years. Not more than one may be classed as a representative of employers or of employees and not more than two may be of the same political party. Communications may be addressed to the Board at Boise, Idaho. 3. Scope of the Act. Sec. 43-902 declares that the common law system governing the remedy of workmen against employ ers for injuries received in industrial and public work is in consistent with modern industrial conditions. It then pro vides : "* * * The state of Idaho, therefore, exercising herein its police and sovereign power, declares that all phases of the premises are withdrawn from priv ate controversy, and sure and certain relief for in jured workmen and their families and dependents is hereby provided regardless of questions of fault and to the exclusion of every other remedy, proceeding or compensation, except as is otherwise provided in this act, and to that end all civil actions and civil causes of action for such personal injuries, and all jurisdiction of the courts oi the state over such causes are hereby abolished, except as in this act provided." ^ See. 43-1003 provides: "The rights, and remedies herein granted to an employee on account of a personal injury for which he is entitled to compensation under this act shall exclude all other rights and remedies of such em ployee, his personal representatives, dependents, or next of kin, at common law or otherwise, on ac count of such injury." V Among the definitions of terms used in the Act, we then find the following: Sec. 43-1809: `"Injur/ or 'personal injur/ includes death re sulting from injury within two years after the ac cident but is not to be construed as being synony mous with accident. An `injury' or `personal in- 83 >.-- >*o e T -z s a *w' ** w .3 *-- ^ ^ . V if " " tC M. "7. ~ o v re <-> 5_ HJ--S* Os - _e e - fS 2 ^* *="l/l OZi - (t ft __ *2 *5 w ~'rt " -- -- -- * y .-- --- y " 2 .oi -rt w5 =* -- _ ' t S'=4 " w: rt ?ft ^-- u yi--; yy3 r~-- S-- c.>. *u *2 j-- =-- ^v.yyC-yyT-- ^A 3~ n" ^*-* gU ~U - -ft 3 / U - -- Of o _w y . y >. wyc---y-- >r*. r _x W= -- c ~-- Cro c. xou 5ho2- *.sss"s- vsrcX3=s"y3rt=yz-'-Xx Sg^yJ--S-- 'tr *3 _ Ry ti 2 2 ri y S -j -i;",S;3>>>yg5*sfrJfiS"i - = 5 ?X?!:. _ 5 ec " HE o = a t/. Z T* ft *S .3 > y y" >C 712 v '. S3 x2 __* ?05 eu:s! JflHS --CX*- . y ** -- w. tt w 7. X " ! 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Fu, .6 --r. o- --r? _ u- .t *s * 5 5_-| e5"- 6 =3 * 1"5 s rVuo. --n5 .3C_TSj'."-->"O-."==o5i.-=oi,,- e. c,= r e | -. u5 s2 --- eE ^= ** --_ t* . n *Z -- -- rt in ^ v i; .: *5 k .= _ * w-- 5i.i j.l 5- sfl =1.= JP ll| Ii" =tj ^!-: Jll lit -IE .= C s =. 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C X-- y cC &*_y y2 v ct 23 3 - w_ wt:- u a-- 5s _y y .-- .2 > > S *=' .2 y --* -X OS < C.J3 w y fees 2 MS ^ s .3 0 = 3 y e.l- "5 u 6fc*s u .= *> .2-= y w e.* a. 1a w Byt S- c *" y -- 3-- > 3 y -- y . 3 y .E - aX c w a* 3 a o 60 ^ ^ S = C --C3 rt w 2 5 if X t .2 3 -Sc. .3 a 2 xr o x a g (M - x g '5 C v*. u-- -- u y .2 g v: ^ y 2iiS y m n <n -sSO sj-g Ss HI'S-o = e5S o y s Es i s. > ! v. .3 .*s 5*oiH x - wS O w* -- y ^x < J 2 & ua 2E c-S = =-X y* y ow w -.. x * 2 sul5z *a .3-iA =C u S ^2 2r*u TC. vy a^ - vy * = p *5 x -bJ8, o 5 2^ vs O v 3 3 c s 2 - x 3 3-2 y w u* oNKS 3y-- w _g-- 2 y 8a o v .2 o #19 a 2: r1 3 -- 3 A3a ?> E 3.2 -- --V3^0y : s s"3 C i.2 h .:k * yy e S "- 3a XX _c o C.*3. a2 c-- y yra _ .2 y c . =" e 2 5 s S y w y <2Z a3 w o y 1-- - g 2 * S - = s 2 O^ 3 W 2 CQ W 3 tM -- M s *# y oO y - ^ o -a a > y -- Jg. 2 x y y^ ^ : *r i - a 12 i 2Iu E .2 x 5J< e. -- e = - O; c 39 E 5 .2 > o w-- o= y .2 yz * a *- - ?s Si -2 * y o. E u- s i y a" s -= i5 SU xn -- Uff o D - U y -3 " wy Cw E VS 5 -- o a e -- O'* -- u-- S1 - --Sr o 3 vs cX W c H y-- * a o is y r y -a te be 33 c. ,3 Ie O " 3S J " 3y. J2 *2 y y 5 3 5 j y^ JS 5 S'! u 2 & s *- sy -is .= w .a -- < y w >, r3 3 *y c. c. ? s | 3 = . W - y u y y > yE n C a * > u s. 60 *yl-i vF "w O X g y s *3 y S- fi 3 2:2 y c 3 s& --a .5 xv s 3 *5 a s i l? e w W C --X > -- .3 Scyyy 3ow 3= w^"a=:=-'=3 acC -yuw-- --X=- *H " 2 W i C* oa = 0 ^ * yy u3 33 35 y V, 5 - . = H .2 < x"i ^ " = XX 3 3 .5 W C . = .2 ^3 "3 ,, 2 60 ZJ *5 = " _ ^ * ^3. 3u y e vs o - 35 *a 6 X CX *z y s---- g .a y x^ z =" " g ? .2 r--s5|re --,, *'' I E J i = d* - f- s y a2= 3 a5 - -- CH y JCPg ---* jIV>t c--a. 2 .5 ~ 3- S y-- -- 3 --? C -3 -- Oc. ay: U MM c .1 -r - 1 | o . . rj w 1-1 t, -- c-- > e w C. .2 5 .3 v > .2 93 y> mw E 5 < -* 25 o .E Xft -- . "-s b | -: oE -5 "5 = S &c c -- y _o *a S5 SI - ywa: -- y 5 an it o 5 `S Z E S-J? 55^5 X**4- o y E.= _ ~ wy_ c " y y ^ yP u y .a y 3 w cs-a w: y ^y .--3 =3 -ya rwi s ^3 - H< v> -a w vis a.3 y*w*--o y3 ;y J U `C * 3 =0>"o5 .= Byu " (ft 2 " - - yOS y y_ ---a* s" s c* c 1y `' 3 C y- e w .2 y y y 3 s-i vs 8 5 * ^ -- 60 v. 1 iiE^ i (j y vs ? a2 y vs ^ u = p3 - y a U"UU u u < , i ^ 'r >>_ = SE^ S.-= _ b 2 _ c'^ W "*, mm X * VS 5 g S.2-r-= im. ^ u-. * z Ifi e 2 SS1. n c e. -- v<f> sc ' wwc&o 8=5 ; 8-2.S- S.s a ! o'C_ to n ib.= 2 .-= 0 to c = c. = uC s </----' C Pwo5i -- * Mv * r v-- E u rts :H m ~ o --" w : o ': c o U e2 rt>t uuVuO .5Mc ? o* fl S rt 2 < a '"s2 v -f u (9 S ^ .O u yy *c ft - oO A >w (30 _ g V .O o f 3i w u0c0 we ~ -- ~ -- -- 4> rw _9 5 t; = o * ^ *- a. 5SC. CO "S *o w 9O H^ w rt = s c C *? c sS * V <u5 O I3 -r_ S`g C V ou -- . c. y ; -- O jm >- .= a. n U *9 CQ & C* 6# w 0l/> tU> C. Cl (9 2 e C> E r- C *. IT, C -E= _< tt o s. * * s -o = o S .= *" ta z _ ft-i O *: 5^ c O .s rz SC oO v: roo { S-g O, ?s --w ? JS W .a U . Z -* r cl =- xS- - c d X2 n c> sc v= r- s v: u --* *" . '-= t iisili: !* f.i.-.2s-ra iV- llhlis-M n!-* * V iliilgp fc-?s |s i UllIliiH iilM'isi s-"2i M-' =.= * _;== t . = 2_ --rf "t: =-- == =' ---=--= _* --O W --tr. ^e c> o w ^ -5 -- - *~= f5.. *O ---= U . > Wo c u c w O-- S u ~c - O- S o s -- *12 Si * j JJ --3 . .*1 s* 5 --S- W*O" ^wM5 .2 Z = uU 2c Cm b ^* S l s; avo. J c_ Ssi >o " o tM -4- 5 ID S > r 1- b T-- ugi -- u: w < *f .* 00 3-j5; - N 5-5 > <* o0 u** w --O --- JS w fi. -- t* I s* ota 5 CU " Si s: i Iv ---T J*E -- s: i *2 --O O s** ou u V w o _ n TM p MA s c V O- s ` --t >o% u<j =. "2 ?e~ g =: n v s *2 U^ " -- 3O -<r> S< -vfi uv -J (wQ ; jal --- 52 z--i cg** C . C3 rsj o *C e h> m s O = n s s ~o osB -bO:_--**WoV .S=:. 5 -- S 5 o b. v " c. ^ --v o 2 r. rves Suu O *> 3 .1 TuC "M-- uJ* og wc .2r &> > ^> 2 i* o O w `r -- W .fi B fi. cc. -- o --S? u *c --= C= = 5 :H i : w a ^ *" U -- *CiTr. >. sw~=ci ~ : uk -- oc D O --^ -5 2o *C O -'5x : i 5 .1 f w i. B g .Sf -- ^ c* ^<w w2B, vst:.j --zc -g. = > 5 E. fi s .r o >, J; v Jl"iz : ;---- 2 -- 2 rt 2 -- 9 O rt * ow S > rt -- 9 .-2 o5 iof J; v -9 > w -- Oo c -9 cr ? = iS V SI c. d ee ^ = *_ E = ^ fyit w ' .2 rt O D c <r= rt - -- rt 0 6C uz c . -S n * r> -r p> w 2 u Z* K . a IE re rt 9 9 -ac A o u t-rt .E M > o ^ e. O , g c -2- o S-- _B ^ U- " c re x rr i re c - 5- c 2 `> r. = - " 5S^ ~ *T3 "* rt i^eRS rt ^ x c ^ =c -r !ts -rrtt Zi- rfre- "Jp-: B- j: i =5- * U rt t * rt O r. U _j> . ;E C * , o - *r- _1 _ * js = 5 E e 2 * -- , - _ 2 Z . t - = 5 z S = - =!=" 8S5 S: -s ts *~>` == . :;=i 2 tc = : i: l 2 & :ti JwTM2 Is' W r -s .2 o S ^ * C --' e. t .uo s s : .2 - ur ? -- c *?. * r r T2d o ~ re S' *d *** ^c5i -- w re la..= e e rt 5V, S 5 2 ~ *" trt * u" d * s M _ 'JZ ^ oc. --rt be " n z JZ < , CS k. s tEr*t .r =-- * 5 U -- gSSlJuu.i = " .. Z 5s5 rt s s re -- c. WV w 9 re jz -- ci 2H --^rze h... " r l * = *? 5 re -3 =c CZ Z> f o U ? c w rt -- irt = -9 -- w w< t> - c . -- to -- 3* * -- g ^ - r:t re --> --- 5*5 > _ > :-- to .2 - r- = -- " - ^sS r=rts* *2--r5t .=og -- w -- fc- s r- "fij rezZo9 r'-zCCrtc -- W '*rt^w.9rt9 -9 S- rt - OS % CO *e c i -- " S = ^ .0 * V ;- s w (! f-i iZ --^ ^ S- e K! I 5 2 c -= re 2 *w ^ t 64 S j t V. ^w S -J2 = , u: js c O t. " >. * S >- o * c = = S. t CO S^ w 3 s 9 .. * re r-">-=.S- ri-2 5- o --C * *-- te wo -- *"'-' * w rt - "Tt rr = rt s ? * o < O" --= OW* " 2 5-2 22~ * *-- r. 9 -- c >v rt ft re "E. rt 7 rt s *r > s. w re c 6 s: 'S .= t j re 'Z S ^ w ,,2 _ c rt * " i rt re -S s j; rt " w 5 _ " ^ *3 K 1 85 m ^ort Jr-Zt CC S !T. J5Z: c-- rt S2 5 5 S = bC rret .C ^-artt j rt 2 W rt s 1*7 | | i*9 ^ | s *r . t- S >n fis b rt C-- rt ---rt rL> t-"X rt rt z __ --^ r `z t: .2 'Z X fi. 5 *Ps rt -- -- .2 2 = -- re 5J G. .2 < K a.< &i . O >s rt fie = --&m=?rt =rrt *u ---- re ^ o re 5 rt . . - rt *= _ 2 c rt rt * "9 i i V 2 C r r= re 9 .9 *2 " " ?u "5 w ^ - Xr3 c2*"J " -u2 rt rt 2 2i s-= " I Its O " 9 rt-- w rt ^ rt i* If. -- rt fc- re S c_ -v rt a >\ .r2 ,, re~ in -- fio re = "! & ^ u re . - o 11 i> ?.==_">i>'. z, ? --re :J. 2 = = = -- i*"rt Z $ rt -- > 9 P9 Sm 9 c - rt.2 :-- re .9 -- _ -- " >09 W v >i S _ s 5 rt rt .2 2 ^5 ^X rret r^t SB S' **" *-- rt c .rt = e5 2 = .. -o K rt w tZ! rrtt = * rt o - - _2 .9 -- rt r *5 E O v J ; d. u U ^ * 09 rt * `Z .t SC rt o -- --$ ci fie 2 rt =^ be rt rt m <* 2 S S rt re 2 fiO ;< - - I Cl .-- o rt ^ w * fmn ---- r0t ^o~ -- z. z *2 e. --` rt ` if -~ -9 s rt 9 rt rt re re re * *5 . ` -Z ** = ~ ^ p2 z- tTo. W Q. ~n 2 U & rt S -- o W- .2 > < X^ co If. M -- 2 c> rt - rt rt 9 -- re g f/' w o U' . ---* 9 ftC CO r--t " --- -r rt C --X --.2 re 5 o re cl y ; x S 5 c. = -= 9 f 52 2 s rt ci c j- t -- --5 9 -- 2 =rt w "O w rt 9 .2 rt *> o CWi Mrt C--l rt ZZ ZS O rt "* w 2 &ee -- !E = 2. ts 2 * rt 3 9 " fifi -- u >rt rt rt 9-- v * 5 s "rHe tre; ~*rt - rt rt o -= s -o * rt s>*s -Z . 0 2rt 2jn c . e '> Surt --9 ' s~ wrt _ 5 y5 : 2 v 9 o = _ C. re el rt Z -2*5 w rt -= J* si O rt. V -- O J3 9 rt w "E g w o rt & ^ 9 -- rt o 0 SU = I 9--. uX re 2S *-- u rt -- w L. S ^* ? k * CJ ^ - rt "_9 sc 5 12 55 *r k . rt & x i h r *z --E9 =ec I_c x_ ..=9 -- W i. <J u S' -- rt u re 8 = 9 "c c | 5 9 ei " u re rt 9 = =. " rt rt ,,2 9* 2 rt ^ & rt ! 2 e "9 s re -1 o '> 9 ** ~w t* 3 re rt -- = X= rtrt*~ . =-- -r -- -- re ."9x"rt rtrt9C .9 -^" /. - w >* = 5 *2^2 rt u * " Hrt o rt -- 9w Z = rt ` Jz ~u 2 Ore _2 re _rt re -- *,,F "-- C rt ^ r. .= 9 C .> * . C re rt 11 ; > --9 rt |C re .= w _re -- u re " -2 rt oc *9 rt 9 --r rt rt = 9 --re rt C ~0 > -- rt _re J2 re rt 9 rt ec X r> -- 2 2 l. c c --v. Ert -i ?* > rt w c; u K rt 2 w > = -- 9rt rt yf; 5- 9 C t* J* u -- -- re -9 - rt rt ^ El t i: ' . -9 " S 8 = X . rt rt *-3- jrst 5 . re w .Sf rt e Si - O =. rt 9 rt rt T rt .2 "r S r hS" 5'H"-j= 0-5 5 ^ =~ rt ^ rt*> 9 K V) re 9 19 -- ''^r *" u 2'9'0" C = rt.9-=.= = CO rt 9 = tr. 99 rt U .9 rt > CO 0 ..9-9 re -- 5 ^rt rt kl cc .2 *--rt rt rt 9 ^ -re -.3; ci ~ w. .= ._ "9 ^ C e *9 pi ;i. Mi in SiI 2I MS Jp ~ Z JZ =" 0" w s. Si 5 ~ 4- fc. S *S 8 i1 tl 9! til _= 6- "t : .s?' l--. * ;Z Sf 5 - =: Hi| == . _= .s > 3 I * r -= O - T M e - : .s -- * r "a Hh .* -- T 3 t s ft. ~s " &I5 III V Z Ts- X. V. = ?:L i- >~ C i U >. " =-S"f = - = z3 l 9--'b ,, ~ f? ii!: * = j= .r 1 _tPS i *.= I --. .-* C IP! _ Sw?- 11t: = s .2 lilt : I 1= si.U Ills 1*1 = = i ill I c t jj*c!. ^e: i- *Tz5 4- I ill J JS 1 j i / g = 2I .=r J s1 I I * s I = -" t1 II >k r. l *. 1i I 5 S3 O- i, 5 s:i = .r --e == *s? ^- Mill* M 11 ,, i = cm -r 3 S E. s ?.r Sis* = s = > 11 tf 11* 3 s .r _ c: ^ = f< T. 5-= i . ;J5i |5 c -= V - H. - _w*| r " R rf 'J _-=r- r H =f 1 1 -.= 14 ^ 7 1- = = : =- r = .S = r. If Jitt : i = ^ si !tI - - i i ! = - z -- - ~ -- *z I V T . t ? O 4 "BSs X-2w =or* U. -L . r"sii rF = > i!: 2 =~ .sI= o e S E g" *s*=:s` : W 'I=I =r w' 5 >* O 5| M 1 ii> r Is s s M * .= = ti = u Z >. = n " c K >. = - = w = = = = I n j- r -- ., * I * il| 4=i : : Of ill I ji'll! "s I IU * s^-i5&:-3j H = -" * _ _ s; c, ? -i -s -I ? JS28UuZ8 -= Ml ` asp i-- _:2 .et --- .s= *: > <f--*OAg O- w. b w >r =i m i i::: " - _ ^ c - S I S I Jiifi; Jf"" ow isss i^sil * ' '= = mu < i c I < s 5 o s = =* Nn 3_ u = J S S Mill = J5 re S " I" 111 '= E S! *= -- c ' -- o _- . o . t :=- s "ts-" = slS85 - ' = .= .2 iz t =raB Ssl 5i.i2r-ijs*?:* B r-.s agaS:" i: = !: fe-lsJ-S = 5.S"^-5 i yi!^< B 1 S " E " -= s | r - . r r f -= s; -= -*'.= i "5 2 i 5r = = -=. = r'.h CHAPTER XVIII KANSAS Workmen's Compensation Act. Statutes. Revised Statutes of Kansas, 1923, Sec. 44-501 :i:ough Sec. 44-565, Sec. 74-704 through Sec. 74-709. J. Administration. The Act is administered by the Com- -;,,ion oi Labor and Industry, a board of three, appointed by ;:tf Governor for terms of four years each. The Governor ap ints one member as chairman, which chairman has active imrge oi the administration of the Workmen's Compensation Communications may be addressed to the Commission at T peka, Kansas. A Scope of the Act. By Sec. 44-501 of the Workmen's Com pensation Act, only personal injuries by accident are compen- therein. Diseases in general, therefore, are not compenunder the Act. Court Construction. Although occupational diseases in ..::cral are not compensable under the Act, if an accident ac , A-ratcs a disease, the compensation is augmented by the .:y>ical condition due to the disease. Two cases in particular -miicate the liberality of construction adopted by the Kansas .urts. In Gilliland v. Cement Co., 104 Kan. 771, 180 P. 793 (1919), deceased employee worked in defendant's plant for a period three years in the sacking department where there was alvays a great deal of dust present. He was then transferred to the quarries, where he was employed in breaking rock with the ::.-e oi a heavy sledge. Death resulted suddenly from a hem orrhage with blood flowing from his mouth and nose. Shortly '.Lt'ore he was seen beating a rock with a sledge. The court, in .'ranting compensation on the ground that the death was the rc.-uit of an accident, said: "* * * An `accident' is simply an undesigned, sud den. and unexpected event, usually of an afflictive or unfortunate character, * * * <* "The defendant insists that the workman died of disease: that is. the injupr did not arise out of the employment. The question was one of fact, and rhould have been submitted to the jury. It is not material that the workman's blood vessels were weakened hy disease, or that he was predisposed to hemorrhage because, for example, he had breathed 133 4. V* _ = = -ji -5:tc . __==". = -g|fg=S I "" = = = =: 5 = 111.1 = -- 2 il ! --- ? Wim< S.sr ns3ssz 3 H|Ng| | -2-5 S| llEtlllll S = ?1 In Ih g ^.= m* III Si's? .. != ** *41% ' *= e S " 'liiHl! : _ n A * " -5 n i iirisiis |^is=nil!s s1;i|-Hlll' s-ilo !& f5 * i "1o o SO .s = : iifiili-l: |sp:,y|il| riE|S;|f,,;;-5 = "115 8 j:I= ---s " .2 = JS = " ,, ^ .= g^izl35?ai minima =s* Hs= -=s=U: resrsi"iUi a 4ii ii* |SZ5 ! ? I i I ;irP 1 iiip i= 5 sc * -at 55 UR HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA, Inc. Legal Series, Bulletin No. 1, Part iv A Survey of the Statutes and Court Decisions Respecting Occupational Disease from Air Pollution (For the Confidential Information of members. Not for re production, wholly or in part.) PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA JULY 3. 1936 LEGAL SURVFY PART iv \\ iih respect to Occupational Disease Resulting from Air Pol,n. Comprising a Study of the Statutes and Court Decisions of all States of the United States. Prepared for the Legal Committee of AIR HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC. by WILLIAMS, EVERSMAN Sc MORGAN ATTORNEYS TOLEDO, OHIO J CHAPTER XIX KENTUCKY Vu'iiS*"5 Compensation Act. states. Carroll's Kentucky Statutes, 1930, Secs. 4880- .iJ.-ninistration. The Act is administerc . by the Work . . > ..mncnsation Board composed of three members ap- the Governor for t-*-ms oi four years each. Com ns may be addressed to the Board at Frankfort, Ken- Scope of the Act Sec. 4880 provides that compensation . be granted for * * * personal injuries sustained by the em ploye arising out of and in the course of his em ployment. or for death resulting from such ac cidental injury; provided, however, that personal in jury by accident as herein defined shall not include diseases except where the disease is the natural and direct result of a traumatic injury by accident, nor shall they include the results of a pre-existing dis ease (but shall include injuries or death due to in halation in mines of noxious gases or smoke, com monly known as 'bad air*, and also shall include the injuries or death due to the inhalation of any kind of gas.) Any employers and employes who are. by provisions of this section, excepted irom the provisions of this act, including employers having less than three employes, may subject themselves thereto by joint voluntary application to the board, in writing, for such period as may be stated in the application, which shall be irrevocable during such period and effective thereafter until a written re vocation be filed with the board or the employment be terminated, (and any employers and their em ployes engaged in the operation of glass manu facturing plants, quarries, sand mines or in the man ufacture, treating or handling of sand may, with respect to the disease of silicosis caused by the in halation of silica dust, in like manner voluntarily subject themselves thereto as to such disease.)" (Bold face type and brackets ours.) The bracketed part of this section dealing with "bad air" and gas was atided in 1924: the bracketed part dealing with sili cosis was ad-Jed and became effective June 14, 1934. In the absence of an election by the employer with respect to silicosis, where a disease results from the inhalation of dust 139 l t *1 ~ - 5 " v -- Se Z SS - " ~ 5to tor. -- i- 2 *f-* ^ to aa^ 3 5 - - *R* fc" ^ a. 3 ""2 '* ^ (! i , to * -- -- -g r to to H=:h| to ~ L 2*2 " jy -- if. <** to > to -- & or v rw 2 - *2 = to -- v; to i.S S _- 1 to rk. to to .1 -2 j? to = JT>. --.* R to 2 --S.5 5 5 .<* E rL V * ^to rX S 3 tr. U 2 *3 IS -- > a 5 - r 4o . U R^ O f V. SC* V . tvo "-- * i JjiE to 3 -- Jj . _2 c - ft to C" -3 -- 2c.. vO* --c >% , 2 2* 3. ft CC 2 in 5^5 " " -- Ji *3 " - to to <- C 2 - S .2 h. 2 to 2 ft f. -- *3 * to *3 * 3 = ^ 2 -. 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O7 O Si -- -- = S -- - 1 3 s M ,B &9S |.-: ^ 4; U C O >,. v c: *2 P 7* u =2 3-- i'w/)* -ac --r *t : fie - h s-i SiTM ft -B7 uo --a . s -- *- w p rsR . ^ fc i " =ft ^ L Bn k. p s: ?- -rSt IP- S P 7 O- 2 . `o 5- :sjS gu ^ <5 a SIS P C --t; -- "2 -h- ^23 >p tl-!"- C |/1 & 2 -"c -- " o B /K JS b jw-- H >j Sw *--7 uta :--r : 5 ? ^3 :.57 Sft ? ~ s s a S3 -~p=55f?t "3P - ^ft c, p P- *3 * " " Sjfi v2 M -- aB "tl -- c n -- PP '*P*jt*-S & *o n ^ _ n a _ a s p 5" .1^1 *3 -a e 3 P ? o * ?BC -3= p BI S ,ft a. 5s .7 "-- >s ft "p Jo UP _ 3 J *3?S *r. 7 7 "3 &B V "tt rt .= ^ Z "3 -* <J * B --> t/p2* r---e --pp .2 u .>22v --ft 7 -.a "re Jf2tw"-- .7 r3 UpP aC3 '--S,S7 --P Bpf-tSS^-7'VPi **3 P *f5t ,= > * |- Ji* i w P ^ *- . 3 p ^ ^ '^ C 3 ^" -- P -Biic 3 'Z fpt 55 ft *r -- 3 fpt " aB It ~ ft U -3 r >. -a73 ft ^ > .r p c? r o -- s 3 aS p p E = |A CHAPTER XX LOUISIANA Workmen's Compensation Act. I. Statutes. Louisiana General Statutes 1932, Secs. 4390 to 4412 inclusive. j. Administration. There is no provision for the creation of .i commission or board to administer the Workmen's Compen- -atioii Act Sees. 4406 and 4407 (Act--Secs. 17 and 13) provide for set- :li`nc all matters of compensation between the employer and employee by agreement reduced to writing which shall be sub stantially in accord with the various provisions of the Act and which shall be approved by the court (presumably the District u>urt). Settlement so approved is entered as a judgment of the court In the event of failure to agree, either party may present a verified complaint to the judge of the District Court: an answer is filed: and. upon the issues so made, the judge hears evidence and decides the merits of the controversy. Right ><i appeal from the judge's decision to the appellate courts is provided. Information concerning the Act and its administration may be procured by writing to the Secretary of State of Louisiana at Baton Rouge. . 5. Scope of the Act. Sec. 4390 (Act--Sec. 1) enumerates the persons and occupations to which the Act applies. Paragraph 1 of this section makes the Act applicable to most public employments. Paragraph 2 provides: "Every person performing services arising out of and incidental to his employment in the course of his employer's trade, business or occupation in the fol lowing hazardous trades, businesses and occupa tions :" (are covered by the Act). (Here follows an enumeration of almost all known occupations, including specifically mills, foundries and factories oi various kinds, mines, quarries, etc.) Paragraph 3 then provides that any other trade, business or occupation may be determined to be hazardous and therefore covered by the Act, either by agreement of the parties or by order of the judge of the court after submission of that ques tion to the court. 153 t %, wo * Jr -- l *u5 o9 Ku S-'--5_v --2 --S*>". 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S-= y ~ ft > -yft a 3 _ trt e o H & e ~ 2 N >, S' w 2. ?' 5 * CC 0 >. w-- -- _y ' r a & S = k2 - ._ y 5' 5* z;M sE-- ~r i3s Oo. >*. a ^1 aa-- `! 51 5 ns & o s * IX l 5 r< 5 ^ ft * -- 2 ft? .2*"aic^ftE.2 = *^ sS 5E I ; - -H 5 a _-- < "ft*r * C ft*-- S? -- y 0 -- ^ - ft ^ If ,0 ^ y ; J; r. ^ftftytf CHAPTER XXI . MAINE Workmen's Compensation Act Statutes. Revised Statutes of liaise 1930, ch. 55, Secs. Administration. The Act is administered by the Indus . j \icidcnt Commission, consisting oi live persons, three oi be attorneys at law. They are appointed by the , ..urniir. Communications may be addressed to the Commis- ,.!t ..i Augusta, Maine. Scope of the Act. The Act is elective as to private em:,,::xuts. The procedure to be followed by the employer in raking such election is stipulated in detail (Sec. 6). The com- |:i>v defenses are denied an employer of more than five , ('>"*. who has failed to elect to come under the Act. in any ' * * * to recover damages for personal injuries sustained an employee by accident arising out of and in the course of .i' employment, or for death resulting from such injuries. * * *" > .'i-rs. d. -1. and 5). An employee of an employer who has as- to become subject to the Act, "shall be held to have '.vaived his right of action at common law to recover damages ;..r she injuries," if he shall not have given his employer, at the ijiH* i>i his contract oi hiring, notice in writing that he claimed .uc!i right (Sec. 7). Sec. 3 then provides: "If an employee who has not given notice of his claim oi common law or statutory rights of action, or who has given such notice and has waived the same, as provided in the preceding section, receives a personal injury by accident arising out of and in the course oi his employment, he shall be paid compen sation and furnished medical and other services, as hereinafter provided, by the employer who shall have assented to become subject to the provisions of this act." (Bold face type ours.) There is no mention in the Act oi disease or occupational dis ease. A Court Construction. A. Injury by Accident. Cases involving occupational diseases arising from the breath- 161 z o Zc Zm it* ? :5 __ i.' r ti --K CC '= *.*-*X w** 6C S C g - Ss . Zv Z2 =. = Ji * 5 = * x -1 c== _* r : . Z --k. 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Ji R .s S eJ 1 si * * ~i sc ;= x f>c> x o .S . " CL 1 *E - "S '5--5 >1 C. i i?!;ii sXpt"C w Jr c" "k> o cZ * BO .2 . G -A IJ-41=*3 * J ?L^ ** H >x 3 -- M O I = IWt w*-- i>2 5B v " u a : * re *w w* &j*C Sm ^ %f. C v "g1 'C'- 5v oo. '*o sj? JJ? c "f -- c^ C cte . - >vw * ; |s Sf: c.*? .t ** O A C > 5 t* B = ri. v * -r-` = ' m "" 'Z w "_ SaBw" ~ B E "2 S CM" ~ V l* 1) >gt * v #-e S? ss ?- & >> = t 2 V w p< wA .2 2*= f A ou ^c .--.*2 . ao ^ o^ uj: = JE**w-- - a. ^ y c .5 .2 k .Si ik a ^2 --.r ft. C S-- - -- 2r_=isl a W uv 2uu < xo s c S8 * * y. Is se'5"g-c J1' sV -CS. - x 5 - i.1 X O - = sSi a2 = 5 5^*0 uC C Sf 5 ^a a vh* u: - ^=8 = is: fco c s gx-- rt Is Sf- tn ' C C, Ht.=:C.SS."5 c "Sft^ = "** *B B *- V= _ BB", A * c S o -- s?"S Lt" O B n o ; w v V . IN " & e o .6--: w = * w: w s m: V 2 v tc. B Ss H 2-- "3 2--.Et.fc ^s !! _ !? C C A^V g u v :X US r~ "l'= z& " V S"= =- A 5f Wcu --n Gwm*+-Z "O -.. S no u VI a *rt>': . ow%i . C- 5 r re v *" Z & > e^ &* u v tr. r *rt rc ?> *' us - . J5 5( 3S tiVv. it ^ .wS S s- sr " -1 ^ 5- JU S= .= x ti *> X S .S . v. - = ^_ s ^ vt - S' A C ** *. r. a " ? s (S u > 5 * * S t;|p v rx C K e L *" ^ U & C J s^ * = *c rce 5 . e = -E=B k. A b v. rAfteet -r_e"s C _b ir! t O = *i 2^-Sb"c ^s^ x'5b T rr ts. wv. =Sc .s. 5 " *2 . as "- U s^ c. a c 8` - w re M V. re Jr ^ o B CC Si) Ag6 U -r -Si - -S fc !h= SS?-=5-r. w Jiff b s & -- r* -a o Mb ^----X--2----"r----t---/S-^ ' U^ c-t *r o &> be --5 -- = H E < = : 5 Jt o It J U^= E jf 6C W rs E 5 s ^ b ,, ______r_e^x > U St"I x S6 E= c& S r * --re 2 Vi -- w f -- w= ^ z *c * *s rce. r--s rwe .-- I. W orkm en 's C om pensation A c t. I. S tatutes. B a g b y, A n n o ta te d C ode o f M a ry la n d , 1924, A rtic le 101, Sec. 1 th ro u g h Sec. 65. KUC w = j- *s rz fbt* .r . **. W *-- rt *- c- w : S'" v 5 r *5 z o . c e -- t* --- * a- S pin i5i-- : 5 s ,, s == -s 'J X . .5 ~ ,,Z W ^ _ > E ^ ^ .o2 ** < "zs ~ .Bt ^c ~ I -f i o =.= "JB o 4-- o St < n ^ C _z = z-- v 1 . 5 11 K sZ Te. ttr. 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'-<=^5 5 O V; J? z K .i s 5 sto CO =s 5 S = 6 <j --V vv et S " o W s ^ 5 * i s s <= 5 1|o mi . s e u s S5 - ? * i: e ^ >sOW.Wss j-- " t* z *wC *z <e ^ It "" re 2COZu W C,, K 2 Z is / E e y g c 6- tz S? RZ CC . i = < ? i- C t ew s > . K -= W C ft C W w 4/ :oa Xcsi C"s * EE * - 2E ;&s8s-Smco cOi A A B . 4l1.> =x-Q x C& A UV si3 X S -2 E u ru -^- -- ft ZO --b E *it Og .2 S2 OM Sl * t| l i60 > *9 ^ cU -- O jt-s s; E o " je - S gE"J5 s J1?!^ _ * it it X*3 X |S* O i w 2 4o1 -- e A 66 JS 'E0 ft 1 Xo ft m 2 o c#>i < *X ^ --" sO M ** s -- i C w EJ V *5 E E -"I 5 :<! : 2 c - SW as . 2--g A - X M A W' U-w .5 5 s T> E ft pK *5 b> ha A | V^ g ^" x-- .-- > > C =_ it o x u^ S = H Ci C s it X ft< W^ X X ft 60 O "9 *3 n (i 'I Ss1 E 8 gew xit 2 *- a B _ _A * 2 ft ^ JB c . 5 *" A ^ 2 oc r ?a N " ci tz ~cc E u i6t0 C ce '=> C -- J5 5 M- CU# 5" E .= -r *5 > Cl > Xe E E o it A X o N - W 8Cl k- .2 v - V rs - A -2 V 2 s O it -o a A A . e U & E <ft .2 if E. E ~ 1< o * " A 2c C it Cftl it -U a-s lo > 5 41 41 3 60 A AA ^o O< .5? S UO 9 ft ^ AS X aO -- ~z> Tc3i *> CO Vw v it 11 O. i- -E A A * - Ec 3 2E E *i 41 iuji1'>SC oc*7 3 C> .C 2 Cl *> .2 1 A Ms Uo A G. 9 4> G. i. Cl C E 22 -- u o J "Cl -E o~ ci ^ A" 5Cl -- X it *3 V A5 S= Ck. M e EOft ACWii Cl 5s *D ci ci XA A 5 vx XM *" Cl AA * ?S X Ck .E c a~ = C3 w 6r Cl 3 u -9 n i0t 2 o w2 ft v 2.S'-- xCl --V ft*-- 3w a o *c 2 w 60 s,-| t iAt. TS .J-i% ft o o til = I 2 5 3 o"E B -- 2 .2 ~Z V 3 41 ^ W > ft * *u "& x J2 c s tt * & * K sa * A 25*51 Isis 41 X 41 5S c A .22 --ci' A41 fxt. Xk. * = O 3 < 5 ! x,,ts> #. S u Tu3- U A 1 23 4) oS 4) 2 -- "Z oss xXv --5A --"A oQ- X .2 C r 2 ft ft ft u '5 1 - Aw g - u . "C 2* -- . C ^ Cl 60 ci c X c s A V s- ft 2 *2 ft s.= s r w JH 2 ~ A > . 41 < 2 <ft 5 630. II L, .-=f s e A - fS -- x ci r; g< ^ =5 X 9 C*l c41 41 Cl x SA - vi O ft < c5cS B-S A U a-E .rS, ^8 | >1ie: 8 = 65-- > M 3 *3 > *9 a ft = e a" CA Sx ^ .2 41 60 ft S U c1 c ft X * A O IA IX1- uC s uO `s H 41 ft Ci O V .2 .2 -u 41 o 1st ft 41 S ci A vi *3 ^ ^ A J! vi .. ss g W 41 E X *= ' 222 4i *3 X : *3 x x ft ft c 5 ft o u u H O 2 Cl Vi ci i as "- g Cl --X -l UX o w 5 ft, 3 A t C| .1c 22 f5t u A f ci u . x o vX 9 At A_ . d 41 #K -- Zz -- ft ! 'O a- = g, 33*9 C A 41 "X *3 X *2|'= > -2 55 5 s -g:us . w V2) ft Ut fAt A A > X X 4> U, __.!^2-9U- ecciji `5:f:t bl ft Si > ft ^ t 5 J4I04I4-U-; A OA iilA J -- ft ^ 3 8 = z41 O 41 41 O *3 ft 41 3 4- V ft X a y a q A ^5 ^ 2 eA x c JJ V 41 X - X i .2 -M r.^ gs 1ag "fcogJ2 -oo. iguo s ~ g ^ 8.2 ~a> A V^ t 03 fr.2 8*5 41 ^ 41 ft o ? -e 5 . ft Is d. KX V ft ! i S g o - ag1 sE *" > *9 O 41 eX .5 x *9 ^3 2 2Z " E2 9 ft A 22 BA X ft w "wft ww gs J2 * 3 ft "E mO S Cl o-- Jl A ft ** 3 8< f Cl ft X "* rsT c^ J<2 A 6x ,, r * > jj M ci * i7 |B o E8u ZSZ - K< ss c E JB sj.: *i g-1 4J J ft 41 M if a j: > . is sl-g E ** V f *2 c OO ea2 - < Sjs V O ft ft ^ U a2S x~ E m^ o aa Ji M Oc "Sr 8-g 4) 5 X Cl 2 V Cl uo& Cl ** x 7 60 ft 2 = E cE 'u " og ux t s: '"X ft A ^ a22 * ft ^ 3S c Cl x 5 ci x 22 A 9Ci w ft. C. ft B X . B , ' S 2 K O *r 3 w ft X w *= 25 O9 3x X ft -- ci Z Q. a & s w 8 K. E"u & ** ;< xV < x " v * 2 -o 41 ft x b aIa^s --2 2x S Xft o "^ ft ft W 41 41 4. o XA O >s 2E_ "o X A A b. ^ 60 M X _A S ft H a ae ft 60 w A Cl O E = x-2 o *2 9X -- m~ j < 3x 2 U wX XX il E 41 9 z a 2o O ft * . g SS -gS.. X o E2 41 -- 9 2x 9A TE X 41 ft VI 1^ sM S" -s x E x x3 s. s a *9 2-- o w e e a. AB 3i xc o A *Z E g ux o-- *3 a* & E, OA 60 |i XA Cl *9 , c9 41 41 2>* I ft A E-S- !- v >-- n l v 1 "*S E c-S 4y1 ft ft enE O vi o ci 3 u 60 " B> SSa =aO ^A Q. jg i8 S" * 5 - 55 --a -- >, -- A X* A Js * S V .2 3 S W ^ cuifeS "" i? g B "O -- o o u a eJ JOS eK r u EE E s ha O A A-- UC it x2 x41 Ou fc. -&O2 wN*ft -- 4is^ftrft*j^ -- Xft it Js- I e| X *... ft ^ -- 3 ft H a> >, S 1 !- S I- * u" 2 &S Cx a * ^ ^ x's --AP u5* it >, O V it iat ft B S' 2 C/ 3 X ,,^ gi 60 60 X3 S 2E oS"3 ft 41 > >2 == M S E " " -- 8TM EE x x^ =d dA u A a P - ol III g " eX Hi X "O s d "-- 1 > B *9- 3 6s 60 6C _ " x iX jj "ft *5 B S 2--"60 S=S g-o 9 a x E -- & ss.2 o X w 60 A ft 41 B A -- o 8 .S x x x x .a C -- ft M= V X :? | 2 9 A P* X --9 .3= 4a* X- C a *a3^ x < ft , -- ac cw ** o c. o B 8 S B s < .2O X 3 ; 3 *5* a a A -- 3 o A d 2 _X A s 1H i Ao A " H 5 IN B A |ff ec C-O Is "" " -S 5 "O 2> A A " B 5xx-- " IWg KI x ft ^ A A E w -- -- AE ^ c ^u - 3 3 9 ^A AO 2 A ft -- x o = Sg 41 o= kU. O A X C ft XMft zft w g S g ci gB X S~ at X ^ !|g $ to 5,-5 - J j: c c > - -5 ^ l.2 z -s -- nz '-'% = ^5 a u 5 J: be : w * --c :v --^ IkI. i cs :u ^ * A .= n l "w "~ ciu 2=" .1 u .:; = j:.>, * 2 5CZ c zI) "U u c *w5 r .i--aSz - u mm 2 5 * 3 >> = --* s m -- ^ 1= o - -- -- "Z . = _ H I S *" 8,|s ! a - 5vr ' ec u .c v. w u = a K * _ -- co 5 jg r w 5 te u o .= 7 M V>N V> 12 Bt t* -- =. fc gJS r. C. m *". 2 5S -- S= " ' E* 5? *1 ci t; j < -- .c v SIS 5 w -- 2 * *t-E-Ss *i2 lCl*" ^ > >- 3 ZC .= || c = - _ -= 5 u u E 5 ^ 2 C JS5 r 5S2.'.CT<suo?? *~2St--2ejw9* g .S'5 U-Z e --| s --n d e O 2 **. *s_ z. A s A~ " 15 Cu u -- 53 e > ~ h_ v * J"s_S *cV 2g t-- u ^a It - w I8 " *> " C 5 ? P c 1 < 2 m ^ r . "5 | cy 2 ~ wo 72r 2 w -So *2 ^ c S c J2 wV 5o 5 w*jt -- =C * u |< 2C ^^ J< -- -c2> J"Sa&5_ kV. IT. 25 W m 3 s S n s JH 6 " S& .StiI 25 * Si |u ^- --- S 2-- A - *z 5 = * 5 J= ^ 2 vu 5 * - ts SP lii2L ^0 t> -- "2 ? . 5 _ A- S ^ T:is =E S ='S ui- tK -- >% -- -- -a ^ * *5 2 ^ O -g r. C & ^5 15 2*5 4-) u 8 "5 g * t be * r 2 w 1 .5 5 W M A 5u7 C .s S.-S -- .w o ^ r A Cl > h .2 U^ E5 < E a5 j o c>- * s 2= & beCl a* z bem .2 2 A m JS W X 5 *u" ?r nu f2i, --V --2 #rO-tsi ^c>C^V ' -- "2 & A22 . -2 A Sm Sw - H = JS u 5- -01HV53 ^ Cl re M 1 & v " . fi ^ 2 a *--a -- O = --o ** e . A s ?*- (M A ** i2 ^ <w *o g* o ' e s S S fc re V " 2>u *> Z - e js * |H 5 It <oV TeCi-*l. a t2J. > ? -S y ^ Cl S 2 -2 Sr 'J -- -o .2 2 K .2 = . S *ia A w- o t _ A v A 2 ^ 1.^ : s- " w . n2-5. 2 -- A I ~A SSc. T bo 8 bp V gp U Ae V) ~%> -Cm2l .t=>l T- A A --Suo m^ 4 0 "3 = ^ .h --=o -u itn ^X ^ > je - s ^ Ag !5 2*. >2 2 2O ?^ MM _R 2 A =&e be j< :!Q*C vbeif^!*tt*|UEiso^ SOi?v ~& X ~ * < u =A 52 cui -- *ZE .2 ^ -< e u= w AS A SE -g Ih-o.w Xuu --= - KX 81 c E A u = Sf2"5'reoJ m |2 r. 2 S " = "- 20 Sis * = re Cl *-- o --v 5P" o o s *i! Csl cU :2* |g I ;<5* S=5 rs ^ o !8 s -- _ o: -- o ^ 5~A >> c > C 25 .W2 % A A 2. be *5 < .c2 Z "S ^-- t, -a uC 0 U" u^ oc : Ou ft 0 -- = .0 T0 c s n (1 E^ o 5 -r 0a w re z w s j: *" - it 'ills* i ie .s f^) h> u0 --ft .. _ -r < -5 -za2s *n --0 >0 COm . ! *- II C0 S5 ff.t W C0 5ha os j- t M w * = a 0 0.= E N 10 S ^' = I r: *i5n** z t" u *- re < BC t 0a * 0 s Ss-T = < --- S0 *5 2 -- 0>w 2 0 a m 2J 9 a w ^ J; ~ o r^ I S'ii - c .s ** i* ; W--- fc-*r. wvc.je'ft^t.' - . 5 V ,2 C> w a uK V V ha ^ km . >> c. ~ a* tc r! D O 3 r e -13 .2 "s* sk. It ^ r. a -- S s j! = I: s ? ^ > s . - s= SI - =T3 i/ " 2 *" ,,- r-- a t >* -- 5 a -rm * aS. -Ua 2 3 a o uuo >. S O a c -a c _ r"t .^5 3 E = T5 *z - S " " 2 .= S s * x c ti VmC * S 3 ==" S .0 = 0 w w0 ssE =3 ; u cE . " _ A ^ *9 0 .SPO- ~c is.. he u Cu IE ^E re *. .r be S a "! u . oa -- U "a "e *2 T" S it < = = I--0 * 22 w5 ft c .ao vX w -- o H a j JS 2 TM " w L ft " w O H I lag >* = ft 0 -S I NN * ^ . S c *a a <* cs r. ,5 "-= 0 o -- CO t *- u W be ja: m i= %i ^& 2- s o o u s: c 4C1 *oa a el ft ' ^ oP*a - .a Mi Z c w-- * 3 a9 oO .a Jor 3 sC o en " .** v n bco m 1ft; 5g IR C *7. 5 It < fca i e c ^ c * M H * .2 -a -- * u W .2 " w >k C -- * c. r0. a aV = a * 0c o a. H E .B / o g. ? 5 & i 2 --0 ^ O-- J< Vha J--2 V- s-i km Cm n 4JSi = ."2 -- O" .U " be u Eft M "O o 20 v a Q ^ -->9 ^> v. M a uo 11 "-- h0a t? a 4> > ou u * u =2as5 *cwi -a -- a 5o M S k *r jj s - t a v --- 4/ >U> re " x *t a g f4t1 fe R n * ^ > e S S IT. w VK = -ge oK R o 2 *S e 2 11 ^" sa -- ux T .2 4) --. be ct 'r? ao < SB >% = a. a S -C * a tr. o.= o bo 6 - .= ? 5 m^ ^ .aa c ^ sa ^ ieMrtcc-c-'-i-cca re > - s s tr v _ >. a * -a--2. 3v j: --fo ja aE -- -- u ^ai_45^_i:*5 ft 1-- o 2 s -sa 4' >> .c 2 - s a - c = ft c3 *1 -- g w >> > m -3 o -a 9 4/ J* tr, r. .a rv w < 2 Sir 5 w = " -a o3 c a_ " a " TM" *s 2-T ao g ? 3= <-> o , Jw2 5 .a * w ^ > mm re >' -a .a > a re . 2 -S o S L. IT. a OZ c. o a -- *" r *E c - re i** == "W w5 tc = 2c 0 a 0 <-" w S *K 0 .9 *E .2 = 5 J5 -- c. ~ a U e2 .2 ^r u u .= _21 u ft v ^ wB *8 -= t) *3 3 ce ct c. -- CO - *15 w-- 7M c-- wn i -- o . r- re u & s^ w^ .N 5 n in re *re s E=; -M< g *j >* S 'S o g u > 82 = R4R E W i: e CHAPTER XXIII MASSACHUSETTS Workmen's Compensation Act. ; Statutes. Mitchie's Annotated laws of Massachusetts :ijj. Chape. 132, Secs. 1-75. j Administration. The an is administered by the Depart....ii{ Industrial Accidents. By Section 1 of Chapter 24, it is -..lided: "There shall be a department to be known as the department of industrial accidents, consisting of the industrial accident board hereinafter provided for." rite Department of Industrial Accidents and the Industrial U-ehient Board are therefore identical. There are seven mem.i-rs on the Board, one of whom is a woman, and each of whom .. appointed for a term of five years by the Governor. Communiv.i.ns may be addressed to the Board at Boston, Massach*ctt5. Scope of the Act Under the Massachusetts Workmen's "mpensation Act disability resulting from an occupational ii-t-ase is compensable. Section 9B oi the Act effective Oc'I't/r 14. 1935. provides that where a claim for compensation - made alleging an injury due to an industrial disease, the iustrial accident board shall submit the claim to three r.i" .iciar.s selected by it. Even beiore such section became i ;:<.-c:ive. compensation was granted because of Section 26 iiich provides that a "personal injury arising out of and in the urse of employment" is compensable, thereby eliminating the x-cessity of an injury being "by accident" as is the case in "'any jurisdictions where compensation for disability resulting mnm an occupational disease is denied. This is further dis cussed in the section treating court construction. a lection by an employer, to operate under the Act is made !> procuring insurance as required by the Act and by giving notice of such election to the employees (Sec. 21, 24, 26), but such election can subsequently be withdrawn by failing to re insure (.Sec. 22). The employer must also give notice of his election to each new employee (Sec. 22). Each employee is automatically subject to the Act unless he gives notice, as prescribed in Section 24, that he claims his common law right of action instead of his right to compensat:on. 1/5 1 s 2E ja o Z X ft o . w m IN 2 -- O c b-e IO N .. P4 N Un 2 fC W 3 o* *! vi 11 ^ X 5w g r s _ bu X = "r 25 > 2 2w w ''Sc ^1 =. A v> O' S w -- . ^ xft **** _ IT. w . -5 u 5 .: W ^ ct v-- 3 ft si 5- 3= J c-^ s" O *Sc V> I . O 5ct u& '= - r* -- C >" -- 4. U = A S-g Ze. " = C ^ ct Cc > S ^ -- v. C c> "r ' ct --ft 3 ^ v. *r> rt Ct ^ S-S O 3 " zi & &Z III !^ T <N o W O * v *w - o *Z w f* r> Z g a* N U C* ~ o CO ... O' z * o 3 a = 1-S-- u ^ IA 3o _ .W C v s 5* R 3 2 -- - rt :" s --` 2S ct SO w S* Kx m ** o em m - " ** a **> W V W3 .. . X g o E >Q o 5^ r. *" u 2 *j e. . ">* - o c '*"^*5 ? = _-s g`i Si __ C* I^ I * r; C o k. o *fi S c E Jm *_ A M- 0o= uo w -- -- Cfc- w . ^" w <e-- r-- o o o - J'JS c~ So o 5 S c o * S u t? ct c Lt O >>* ft s Ct O o S S-5-S C O ^ rt." c t ii s ft B >> S '^-g v s . Si r x 5'^ >\ r* n u -- O _o s .,T Z s* c. *" S a Z CI - = zn c --N "1 es r "si^E 2 ll-w < O 2 E w Si x*0* I S 1 2 63 _ u u Z -- *8 f 5l=J. * 1 3 - >>0 o O -- V w= B S 5* s <*> K ft N n ct S M 3^0 a e uS o a .= V ^ S s ^ Si -- e S = " U m iT 3 S.*c O -- ^ 5 - B<-- _. -- *5 Ww ts " C ; ct %* -- C.*' M ** o i x c ct O V. Cc tt 7.5 B y -- Cl fcT z -si^ t - r >* u - C^' O . 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Z ft 5 ^ -- u V 44 (i 4. ** 9 a~ .E o o ^A ,2 Cl 9 c Sot Or a-- S6.S s 5 . Cl x:-n5 a- 44 X i 5 S = " R 10 !! Ji = s -- tfi J** Zits |s?|I i!io a sj*>Xo. U o w H'5 !B of (S "> S 5 .= -- 5 " .2 o E tj iis2|*. .a c c "2 !2 -.~z==5*4RvC1.1lF.5r&5St=>-a2*.*,*5fia4>>o5^avsi-4k.,_---?S=Wt=_ *55Sdgs-cC-o==v"*;-==_<t^uo"So-5*"e*sccSo=1:a="="?w>-_--v=i:Me,--22a--1o:0 -8E_5v=lcvfscot5-g5itW"nS*oo--1 2uo-*z1=co o=5"CaZTl 5--Sab4VC*4nP*il e 2* j* V -- uT l kV. cl 11 53 - _ c. Sx a* . 2 g ol U 8P d# S isisus: - _ " - o O to > S: ;Iu:-r = S-Sl ^ Ji 5 et: = ^5S ,, *5 -- >ts *j . * in -- 6J ir f- s n s -- i e c< : t*'i 1 == ! > 4. :*=S a S n ci ,r 4 " -= * 44 ^ c dol 44 --= e -= Si 2 44 ^ * m 61 Z -- ~n co S c =a u -- s O -- to c 4 oa is & *o- ^ w Cl 5 > na "-ri ^ .a ^2 g n. 3 E eo a- r a a. w >> U aK u ^y 4 * 0 5 CO .a - a sr a u "S s u v c ia u CO VIs ~ 5f wI5' *= j ^- >> m 5 44 U-- 60 , c ' Cwl |J = " _ u. * W g. - 5 C66I < 5JO \*2 -_14 5c a= 4e. su ^'* : g&.a :' *4 X 5 44 5 >. .5?. "5 a u - O = O 44 2; aC 4t4 i- a *a s2 v IE a k b 'c r a 2M S u 0 u 2|^ 5 . c tj u n 5 C*; a44 wCV4 2~ W2<.E E t: .= 3 Id 2E* " g5S a* w Cl u .a u || a s. a^u e2S u' 5 I"5_e4 ~*444>'Ca44.ewa-5ft7 -a H _*Jwa4EaJ4 Mw44cc44 "=>2Vs--4j4:fUb.l *55y^ ICc54X=4 a44-=-2ai >> al S S-J* -5 =5 "= W cl Cl M o a it i *- . ^ CO w "w 0* ct O R 44 S {*j 44 tea ^ 14 -a w-- ^a " ja a co 5 , |o g -1- " j! = = g ^ k- U *=a _ J - !4 S ? t = u a ** z w "r b = v; oc SU -- JZ oH .2 _ - re oc j~z ~ 5re *- re c X w. ,-- O . x -- _ s rt 3 vs c _* ? s , -- vc tX II .= = xX ~ * ^rfei.Sre rI-.*O? = 9O " *36 11 ; y r. b-c --2 re = J--5 --X2 c> _X re wu *z c c J i1^1 S' ': = i - ?t i=t_ re g - - i s > BC fse/> ec *- 2 0 XE e =- BC "B ** -- >% M w M .9s* c !S9**re_-- -"9 *re c -.9 MK --- * -- .L99) M > 999 ^ "i e 9 X9 .9 .5 *E .-^..22 9*9 J"9? 5, w ' * *9 = -9 m -- 9. 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C9 &i g E9 v 9* iws -- 9 B -- ct 2 - -s ?u > BesSsf;S re .r 9 9 A 5 1 9 9 9 re 7 9 9* * Ss C. >* M S V re ? r re _ U *- IIo O =- z^ rs * aw -K> is* 5 - 2 'S v> M _f_S 9 re , -> 9 = -9 5 2 - .e.: s = -= ^2 C *ft S JT OX*' .C. 5 *b>e =15 c HU'J J c W - a re M re O t; ^ *e BC _7^_ ? v: 5 = 9 9> 9 __z >, s r: 9 ? < -9 .5? -- = 2 fi z s s ,,5 ? -- u ** ^ rft re 9. r- --B' > -"99 M ^ 5?\ < . 9 9 2 O C5 ^ . . so C , s T .' S re re "9 9 --. 292 '6 . . irj O=C 9..9 5 = 2 o SVx c.2 a *Z *-- tJ --.__ M " .2 9 9 S-S :*s a t it >* o S- 9 ji--^ o 2; *"5 J?*B i -- vX g-2^ S'Ss o ESf a BogS Js-I s D. Z oE. f1 s -- K, *2; ^S .= c re -- *v> S *9 .5 9 O m 9. w 9 O >* Itf. S :-i* X >o* 9 wo v9C .9 -2r9t*.. *9 9 M E99 >9 s8* 2 9..= 5 O 32 u: s o x c c 9 -- . 5 v. s s i .s &C U 9 9 v. iin! ;<J IJI is 5? Si rt_ _ta) ^ e E E O I 1> - M >e * i. wc V =5 c . 2 9X c_ .7 re .9 re ~" >% X 920 O .= fi 2 - t? C X2 -9 w c .c ^ 5 W re 5 O rt 2 29 u 2 9.x - t- - 2w 2 .r E .2 *~= re re 9 IS - * s C bX 2 Xoo BO al^ RX 5 * M re O 2 2^. n , ,s X I< & 9 u9 sBC `. ~o 9* 2 S ^ c X .9 -9 5 99 -Xrt *" a i - i n J3 -n o-- !! !--.c:5-oo?S-=-:=, s5 .o S t v5 ^ V mtm EU rt -- 9 -" o2c u .. *s 5 . us 9 x < .2 -2 5 2 !2 O _ ^rme2fi*MO.-W* o--O X X5 * 9 . . 9 -- - 9 * w"" J5 X ~_ u 9 9M X9 2 x9 -- u .9 cC s9 X ~ ~ au BC 5 E9 Ss= B 9 5 u -X V C. *9 _ ,2 uu -- -- rt u SK O --X 2 ^ J5 9 9O -U "! k 9 ** 2o e rt 2 X o ^h. o fc rt z r > euS JZ 9 -2 JS re -- 2 H BC C 9 9 * ni w rs "i jz "H. j9r v UR 39k. 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S3- rt _ s .2 " 5 b o5 l/l & =-s o c r bc. i (* J* (A Vb K b . B =- :- ...1CC >e z c *Z v -"?- * --rt c,,e .z> ^ I A-1 s c == -* i rz---- rt "2bvm ~ 2 Pr ~ --= bv 2 -- - b c Z - S an w F A - It s -- *> i L' s j 7 c b ^ 3 b c .z --- wc s. e3 E ~ = .= S -- = s ^ ~ -- 2 c *--- 3C-- W-0.z-" U .2 .2 XU --3* 30 rr* U ~; 3 3 w. VM . ee U ^ G b 2 .55 ^ -- g Zc. X w3 2 3w S O s b ^ ~ m. o U g *5 E v = - _c U: =- s 5 ii-i U^J an re b %. b *C 8 Sj .3 = mX c. _ n .2 an - an '2 = b * ^s: tS r- c 5r.i" L> -- = g U g o ? c s 3 i. C "c_cw f3iSSs`S^sSaS>S, 2S.bS'fe^3-JCar.S 5 fc =2 v rt x | 5 S t. -- *c s &<V >s C >> ` Ma JM ^^ 2 2^ 5 H *5 .2 -- e. s. .2 w : ZS^rtuc rt ^ar. Sw cC u < _ w 56 an * -= 5 . 8 0 u r. o * < r = u > u C o C -- <3 re *Z t - .5 . *u *z rt ,5 S rr = s -J s v urt 2 c> u Z an *- rt Z _ Uw >u^c: ?* fee -- =-- ar. b 2 . i. `u -,"2 v t/ u 5r. 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S 5 "-2 I If 53 i | :J = =|C X ft > JC S- fa ^< =" |O5^V2) .$C=*m SH | fa i d^ 2 sf-" 5 2 >d t* 6rtfi a2 d2 du r. d >. - rt x x d 5 ^ s _- i d " rt U -= ^ Z 5. r -=>PK C c it 2 53 !! 5 -s t- . ^ r R<- X rt . "", <-- = 2 rt w 52 *"* js d m c be i- 3Om -- ir fe I .8 ft fO ? M; S it c* it d a z E G &: c .?r tt c w " Z--' I K R7 = -R s = I I B u JS s K; 5 re - S s !^ o rt u =f--a 2 " lr d E f Pt fa -5 2 _ - J .S & M *" 11 :irt d* ar d js r Ct M -S -2 -3 J d c-- . m A V! ft rs v -t Ct Oi >, rt -3 2 p _. - -r rt e Jf U C s " e C "C ` l * -- *E ft -a X * s ~ O EE ?~ & w ^ TM VI E S v- " o -- r* *" 2 H -S . c = =* u X V cte d c. j: _ 1/ = 1 ;:= ,, O ft >s _ s E " 2 I--C w ft 0 C> 0> tMf aC ^ --u i%- * w > R rE c^ 2< -5T Ua vK -s - Kw o -te BC o &s & K d? W- * 1vj S^ v 53 - C/ "c eo ft -E ,, 2 6* *" o X < iJ--. J.ZCC>. -- > > e jt z z ~ = C > .te = * > *s*. Je&a 2_ *. 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S 5^ ft 0 c o3 o c. ? rt * -- 0 o_ BO = -2E ."s'- w "3 ^ _ oia-s" - S is s sZ l u_ 5" E ft I o '5 " = -- *35 O IP ft o-- U 0 o* i. w ft o O -- 5 X 5 c, 2 *5 a "T ft -p BO - w -- R . 2 2 c W rt O - -- Cl o ^ s * * = II II2 5s f U 8* .ssp ,lv o t Z" ^ " . ^ -- ft 2 S SJ = ^ i ote -- s - 2.C ^ -- X ^2 o t 5 ft o SO o 5 >? 2o O *D C .a 0 ft J ft = 6 "ic Ctl-: - S :5 Ip = e --, o w ft w 3 s c. *5 S - : j l u S -- O *E A ^ O -C "& a II 5 _ 3 = `5 ` te. ' 0 "" 'l js-5 = 5 !5 _ " O te S& '*) v.****-j; * 5w " SO > -- = * * 3 R^-S g 8 S Xo tn ,e v oS _ c> -i TM 5 *S - te O ft " e5 -v- fXu^EZSS 0 - -- .s - < _ ft ?0 2rs r J *)- n *r 3 S = 22- 5= * ., rt -- te ft 5= te O o fib - -- ^" X o ci- o - v* " < o .E. o 2 Z *" o E Hi .E 5 a- u _o .S -- rt^teXCc ^j'---.,r--r" = * o Ma'=>xc-a'S JB -- ^ O " -- BC rt C -B i DC -a - - = 5r-r'Co -=B``''"~ * 3 s j: ci -a i JS e o b a -5 = z 0 S -- 0 ^ *- ^ Cl : = -- zm s `iUs '-"Ig="ife%s^. '1e1! II S' -* .2 o -: i??S- = ft ft Cl o X -a 3 rs o v -- XZ ~? O te S M u rt BO .S ^ -- x -- * x *5 --= C- C i DC .o _ 7Z " i v """"re***.. E = j" p, te ft O o Cl w 5 3 a 2 < - = *5 o *Z ~" .*s= o " o c Cl 3 0 O t P _ Cl = ' ~ a S u ?] O - ^ O - n - sil > = _ `-ax -- il S S CD .ST z C .r= . -- I ft il BO uO .^ w u . Cl c = _ < o - 2 c ""ft = *t o N te- -- 2 i te o n x: 'p, *K o o X H IP BC E ---- W . 1 * - J5 . TZ >, = tl o "^ A C C = te o? T u C. O 0 S Jt X -5 5 s & * " .5 -2 ft . *Z *0 z > Cl -cr 0 > te 2 * C & re te SP K H Ob *E Z ^X E2 *t ,, r *s ci 0X ft o o -= . ? ^ js | cf , wX o .2 S: te. 0 *-- -a O te\ . ? o_ - 0M te ft te 0ft Ci-te -- 8.5 2,6 1; te ^ ci te/ -a Z rv Ox * >* O~ " C B Z v J ----z --u o> c< 41 ww = b*o --> o . -- it, Ou c v> 2 OX X .= < c o 41 E-ss - J* , V! X -- - it -- ^ II if* <= as _ n r . r:o j .= i J) j* c. ~ .= M J5 C S? JS ' .= a - ==5 ' ZZ tf* ~ o. si! --e ,, _ =- 2 .= -n -- c. ,, _ C-5 5, r< f",c 2 4; >.S > ft u>. -- ft V. i .- 5l z tr, ' 6C > - r. C g t= -- >. t- u *3 -- rw = = =.">* C. v. S. W V : V. X t c 4*1 -* X;- . 41 K 2 * rs % fc- o u c w --= ecx .J Z 2 * ". it -- v*K: --= ; Bc e c*-" - i.r -= C X*"* O2 w > _ -- v. e -- >. o x t 5 JJ E fc> C -- 3S C >>X* Cg 5^ ** f*vt, s=C Zr.e Z 4* X w C S3 _ b - ss-x5d. vua j: 5- ft * 3 >. .. x > X* c* c 5= S " ft v ?. 2 V> Cg c.E *SK- w: wv>: -6C v S U s? S = V tf- o E C re *2^ . ft _ w . o s w -`".2 IS C Z >s * * ** b. -- t c " Vi . ' 2 *? jSy i c *r ro-^csS^S * c ft S >% C^.g'u "*c S --00 -- -- v. .~ -- -- g QE . tfi -- cc 2 < ^ ? = =_ C ou O jc-- v K 5: u -- c< -- s &.= = t -- ^N C. -- ^ -- S r. ^ - W R ^ w u >* ^ __ W --** ~m -- . ^ J5JS tfi -- > a .E * ^ -- -S* M- -ft Jgr u --s **: ! 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W -- x O^ u S * X c ft i S.-StS- w O Vi .2 |1 s tf4 k k to *r * ^ o *a as as -s iw * S s 3 -S "S 5 z C^ I g n tf> ft ~ 2 Vi ^ 3 JS m .3 *z 41 ^ = = 5 .2 s - > x 2 v M ,S o 5C-tftt - S- w S tfi --- 0341 Cl s tJ u -3 8 U s Vs ? ^MH c t u 0 Bjz 41 <-- X AM ,fi 0c a U S' 60 &.E ^ ^ o 5:* .5 a s-- c. .S v tf- k. c & x s %> "5 2 ft x g * 5 j S a JB e5 = tf = E5 'er r ww. 2z - It *r fci* 3 25 2 *h< ta MV .a gB > V * 5 c. js ^ f _ * ..5 :cJZ * ri V* X f E .V. x 2 "-8 n wr-"O:E||i=||2 X; 'o-fSewn*e* tn^uw" (I x _ ux " k. . > e ^ o # U41 ^3 *5 -5 Vft 3s V s3 5 .= - * B. " u< kft ft 41 8 .* n ft* " k o W = uz nu ^ tfa * 3 = g x xS 0 * 45 _c 8& J: M -- Si! 2 .- g ZZ --_ft 41 JS v3a. s3**ft 3 S ci 10 t8f* *' --Z Cl Cl J ft -- S u* > 2 Ty! -5 .< tf) ft ft --- O o i. 1 " 41 ft 5 -- c; v< w * tf. v. 11 J5 " 3C 2 5 -- * sX :t- ft s Vi A 2 3 V >> k> 3 ft* tf 3 e o o c - 1 = < .it J>5rft3'.-rt n _O ^ 6m x S =- -- X- Cl V E 3S -0 a. B 2-- xs C *-- Ss o 55 = ** x * si: |VEI-s^ "-s C^.V2`-'">!! ,cft 5:. J o *mb u- 11 ^ 3- 7ft ft 7Z 41 n --w ; K c 15 ^ .2 > *. tf -- ft ft ~ ft. Cl u x 3 X tA ft SS c/ 8 & < 5 . W- 41 k. Xo w 5x 2Z tf tf tf u u --XX -- a SS 2 *; ci z 3 -- x S ... 4> r* ? s .t3t. i/J r- a 0 in 4/ Cl 3 X S = C$ .S3 ci =H z ?; On 5 x ci >Xx 3 41 v 2* ~ ft -- ^ * 60 I uX Cu 4to1 -&r J2 ; - Jjs - _o |^ 5 3 T - - " - r .--2Xw 3tf) .< X v. -r 04 u c 2 R > JS P c. S E "cl cX w& 3ft --Vi JzS sit x *3 wO X 2 M ft Cl .3 tf T s ft *t -- E -- ft u X -- ^ n k. & w re re re 0 C "t. K = `l o "c -- - t: -o = j32u~_ 5Erh-: so o"&T C ,,2 --=* --2 so s ep.js"a --c =o O .C"L * ** 5 J } ~ v Cv(JJ .. *J 4V -v*Cu> tI--/- =Ks^^EB Uk.*Z------o cj -- -- W --x-- 2 22 o T;l g d * .. **zr 55iS *2 .2 5.= sut = "? 5"rt': o z-v = y- .S Bt " " "2 c C IS.3 > S sJ=2=XS 2tc |*mso=2 TJ= i-o 2..= e*o z i* >,.z > z .z z v v iSSS;:S .= -= i-frS-IrSfiels ---- a "Z = ~ t 2 .= -::!rs-jsi M " C =. ? ~ C " - ./* * ft, 3 * TJtft. 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S a, ^ _ S ft 2 re SO 00 re Ot J* -'-a "' Z 5 ti s * re cj oc =I = gs *' S'W w Ch in c Z #e Jl|s- 22 = = .5 = >B O g 5 = <> .u *s Ok ^ 2-5"s ^ O *0 1 s-5 2 = = S 2" c s c -Z CJ t cT *5* u w Z w O CJ> S( < O t . zo -- *" CJ V,, t - 5 >* cj P* ret U re b A .S 5E * CJ * CJ *a k w3 KS CJ O. .*= 3 re ft reT m S CD 52 cu ^ k"*~ i -5-g "jiSSS o V = - C O 32- ee= w-- * sf 8-Si J5 S >7=* " = 2* s M Z I5* o u CJ -Z c re _ ee beS-2 gx & c w w g ^ CL 5 & -2 g -1<r-- -z "5 -- ^s s - a = "= --g "-- ;O OI.=||J c *v"~ z w". $ S t 3 * b w y _ Jft ZT v > 4 2- > g g s= >. 8 5 re ^ 3 R*n re re s re tj --2 03 ja 5 hK '"^ re c. Vz 15 &= H - JB o o 2 W- frs Z *B S| *c *O sg* *o * re W ex re s* -- re ** do c ,*s tS re * *s e v * Jb Jj 7n X IIIX -r "T - rej 2 S ft * - c-- ft re 3 C u u b& X 3 fc ~ iA -- h. -2b -rtf, ZK O WZ i re re W " m cj re re -2 * h!. * g - -3 v 3 " *C Z P L. HI A- 5~ * ? cS" Ss | u f-c - B4&-'". . 3 ec v si . | S = S^2 CJ "* 5s & S-s = z re -- CJ o c w *" JJ = 5 = S 'aa ?i'",,' X C8 Si= g c o 2- e?tJ " -- .Z J2ire w s-- o .-* ^= u-- re re CJ re *s S re u & ire ^3 5re _ -- re ai> W z^ JJ -- k. j; yw cj X re 3 CJ" g U. ft .Z sli^S O 3X &5 2 *3 2 K lUs i-q &: O Cl K B f. c . - p w s 't ^ 5 5 K C gjre -- re C`>^ re -- -- 5I*ISao u 0_ -r crej re \tZm c 7 3 c> ec ll I 1S S' bo > Z^.z* w S-C t03^.r3e -- re &*, CL be* re .2 & re re z re *re * 2e C2i V - S2_ure*7^~j wZ ~re -- re -J 2 te| C oc W -- re u <-- CJ ---- &glo ci U V w H & be - ^n & rlel -- = S* *"b b^S--re uy rke* _bz "5,= Isl re . y _ z &t E-S-a Sc O -- .r c 9 X ^ re ~*Z3 &" 3re Js o c- 5 - C u ^ w fre X-- re ^ 'o rcS2 re *: i= i St re"Zs-gs g.3 == -%ai re re o ezs re " Z R |u U- k c Z re _ re ~.Zre S n Mb S rt C 5zi . --X jjbK S 2 w* c . w -* CL yZ - g.s u re >?:*-=y >r.-=*-a e W it S * *g _ * a " J = ft w. U c= *g S . 5 S' ^ s | ^ I sZ^ = E -5 s 5 s Cs :ft m c ii " ^ ft C " ^ *US 'Z * ^ rt -- Z " **o" - Ca. u * * & - >s c"e -- - t :*3 Z *" N- 5 h ^ n 5 -5 * u *" "I ^t ---= S <--5 Sc Cc ^* 'j*: s- =>w. ^c ~3 "u S ,, (t . - 5i* >*" s5, s r Sc uc.ss i s ,, z I Ss &C .O aUue B e * - s5 t C3 *a s'5 u --*. S--' ^rs v ~='<-Z _"Z 5" ft .33Q. ft- K go . <f9t v Z 2 % *-- w *S 2 * >, * Z %-- ` " =5." I 13 !c! = S ;o'-rz S t 5E3--f^t*35e-t w8Ss-5fJSU|s .B.|2^*!<(]*SsfoSvc<-si5.561|_2,,3,-*.~.>--=|\ C ft "i?E I51'rI2 5 = S <j . *ft. Iafl uc -S -5 5 t st/ .a-.*s5 Sa = y1 2 8ft- W.S = iS a - Il-= = iC: 2 ft V -.s K e B a8L N*v B U v>' _ ,,>t2*' e(* s>..*_s5` fcT5 fec-5 5 m =c *g g *^2 c ~'Z *, 6g E f t ai " ?g c s >. a Z.~ ft S Etl ^ a- be** f ~ ft ^ --, u r ta -- e .5 -- -- _ ft -- wc "" ^^ u fut w>.wa WfSt ^ SO B --* -- - Ur ! 2.^' ^ ft *Q ^ ft ft Cm c< r. ~ -- ----Z 5 v L> cft~ ^~ o j": W c ^ ~^ _ia S J? B * -- c .r ft 5-2 = = = K c -E *E. ^ u -- S c - is ft 6C -- x rs v e ft ,, tK * Z rt E- fct- c-- r c - -- v ^ > i t-r. iw .. --=' S=' - = * " --t J^; s E3 u fftt s 5" ^ >1 I I .5 -a .5 <-j t oa ^s ss x 2 ?* R :r n fuet. _"._. W. y j- ft c.r it O*n "V 2S - .sa z ^ _ o ft v -o . c > 5 x --SbC Oc t; g* s. v - _ M s v J= _ a -- 5 a be = Is t w -- y. 5 -- a rt *= - *r w= . ex ie t *n eu be < S5o Z. k c U r T .*a 1 .1 g _I , ^ a ^r . v: C -- - ftt ?a js *S M *C 5 .a 3 >2 oo v o U .= a -;. c ->-v c U c g; >% ft c 5 s`l --a>cat & m ft & . > c IT tfi U) ft 5$r n*n s.w.> E2 =^ g=i= "8 8^ _ -- 5 nu K ! o ^ c *: 1 il c. _ c. 15 too * '3 = 5o 2= E ''E sc -- -Sa f=t *- ft S a -25 -- ft -a V >> Ijg i2 aw zfint a~ a* be _ 6U --= ' .2g w Z ft n a u "5 g *" 5 S .r ^g wO ^ O r j* ft >% . u : '3 ac -- cu o .1 -- 8*1 *- a * be - .a Im Z -m 3 *3 m r E_ | 8 ` = w S TM w c * ~ ft . ^ r- . *= "fSt *aa a ^ & M .iicr U V K s ;ij ijii > e a >s -__* tr. f&t0 w- ..a 1 ST K JtS , =C -- ft -- > fst a S & " *Z. ._=a 'ft jb ^ ** ^ *i ^ ou -S ac _e : 2 " o" ? * if <N w 5 be .=S *a a. - vfcet .-ar- as--ft k. a cM r M -- = 5 E. a a ft ---- ookT> 3 <* -- -- ^ a^ - ~ -- fr a w a r --- 5 " >. >2a^ V - - S Z c e^1 ft i*'f Ei = 5-i-S? :J:stac^= ti ft i^SB ^6 >a U a wa*--a a W ft w js V w 5 a 5_s J 5 cS= ? ft- 5 = =-- 1 Ia ti "- = " e. " ft -a, u? ?-s * fog ---- * *ft 5*1 |U! 2' ^ fet 2. ft ft * .2 *- ft ft -- 5 Z . Uie ifs i - -- # f5c at ^*.* *>> E O E -a e s - -- T -. .^a Ss -faySft ft - ^ *" to ft S 3 -- --. c' . a * c 2 *= r =Z go . != 2 a 8 |*J S CO as a j cs a as Z' >v a. a 5 a*s 2-? a`a " if. if. O c * 3 If. 'w C w r>. - C +. * o cA* b -- ec " *z z o 3u A. "O c/ c OC * s'i --A 55 c c ti/i. _c cu 5 e a t b - = UE w c u < c e KA XA .X*. A n tAAX > 0ia " aci x a CA3 "? O -2< E z *Cl Cl o vAUr. b C --_ be Kci V 3 Cic.i- ^c" A-^ UA 3 2 a w 5 fC R bu -- A--U > b a X Vr*f^il .2 z *< 2 . *tt jr * Ctc - C* 2 AX vf-Ti O' CO b*. j V M .2 u z < *:isilfi i 2 12 il:A vv A0c*-i JXe&E <v Ccsl V W) ^O V .3 *-= * C3hal ab3o ** 5 * AA > *3 ci JS u * ->22 3c aV . ?; s *- e zA A C -3 C* *3 A 1 e s= Ke ~ h, A _3 c 0 - C. *m1* =S 'Z v ^ 5 -J2 uV - O * ^ ^X5 3 t. O V b > O U >C 4S rt a3 -- C3l rv AA toJ 'O 3 & AA Z u AO < 2A ! Av: < ^ -3O ---" *<>o U --2 3O C* 3 - J 7Zm S=? ">" *KC-A>-A=Sr=R>~i-5_"Xu !V"5 .=2s -- a *T " = *- .i Z 41 X AAt*er. 2A U w Z *- *3 Cl ^5W Cl 3 0^ B -0 )o; t^o OCC .hC23al J5_CA5l A& 3^ Aha M A m~w* -au s Cl r. - A = jssA -zs v >r w pc 9 Z ft ^ cas > --o.=*z 5w 2 &1-.S2 * KH ; -1 A b c ~o 2 e2 V !=A=V8==A .?3 &8t ">A A Ae-. Abe 2-- o -- s ^ be 3AC _ _23 sA tr > 9Q v CA ^Qo - *3 ^ A w= ,,3 . Z ' X&*w* &A s_ 4C>l *3 O JAZ S 3 s O j 8 = -5 Wi +* A> T33 -- V A5 * ^ C -3 A 5 I ?. eS gs >w *o3 Vw .2z 5 be M 32 A & A w 2 -3 .A=o -- .?2 ^ 3 --? 3X ^ tt :O & oCc. As--^^os?_-C--_ ? Vte m3u A A S iA " -- O C wM wX X 5 -S ^ 3TM xAn. Cl 61 -3 'u wA *3 ^* . 5 33 _ 5 C A ^ ou r. A C. ^A ' 1 ^ a ;[ , m "s3 tr .3 5 3= --3^s .u '*3"23M"3*l =i--^stA"o-s=A2Cb,,3ol -O_S--wtC2'51-*s--=CC3Ii=ioXv.A?ji"sOt^-'c_nsSA"w. u-;^s3O;.Sr<"ActA3.J"bAe;----SX {{ tt . > > c 3 Z 3& i. c' J _ c 2= 5 .2 ^*3 --3? -3** A .= t C- 5 *TM " 3 Z LJ - Ci ^^ a; 5. 3 u *- S'l .c 2 d w ~~ = .2 ^ w 3 2 .v' -sS bc-e jc:i 2 w it A5 --O 8b A3 8 *3 *> E AO v *z = -C *A xE ^-- U -- >A Cl W wO 4 3O w A5 A 3 A r--eX*j 3 .---> U ^vc>i Urn ^ | w C2 s A235 A " ^ *Z SJS ^ C *3 U o x s 3 Uo _ ^ u C .3 ,, s' " -D f 5t 3 & mC A _ 3A 2Cl n a n fti a J: Col W C>l "5 > U w . * ,S3*r C .3 3 C E uH oXc>. ^. o3 Cs SAcfti <--U* bV". v 3 c O IS ^ o 2 s fC?l -- 3 rTbIr5 cmi.' A3 C-- V wc 5" ^ aS oo ,: e. ^ x ci 5 = .s SN ee ae S3 ci X .2 2Au f<S* X&c 3 - 3 uu C *3 i"r>* -Aa> 1> *5 S"t^o. 52 | S" A *3 b0 -m 3 Ci | 35 5 u: B--- 5-3, a3 3* c U N-i c cUi V A tcr.i IZ --A - -R s *" & wX Ci T3 3 ~ _2 *3 S Mw s r Cl -3 u '2 wC c >r 3cs33 c=.3cX*'.^Ci P2ox i5bco c"3C ---s'-3-EeCi `2--- *r f. s 5 &A -==v z Zo s *A 0 0: IS 2? -3 H .3 ^SJ! v -- -- ,wci --sfsA**; -s---sj--s sC --' re uv x 3-5 ^ ^ z a =-=<^ - - zt" 5 fi S: e. x r * ^ -- ---------------- CHAPTER XXV MINNESOTA' ; Workmen's Compensation Act. i. Statutes. Masons Minnesota Statutes 1927, Secs. 4261- J. Administration. The Act is administered by the Indus trial Commission of Minnesota, composed of three persons ap pointed by the Governor, by and with the advice and consent the Senate, for terms of six years each. Communications may be addressed to the Commission at St. Paul, Minnesota. J. Scope of the Act The compensation feature of this act .. wholly elective. Both the employer and employees must elect to operate under it in order to entitle the employees to nimpensation. Such election will, however, be presumed from failure to elect not to operate under the Act. The Act is di vided into two "Parts''. Part 1. (Sections 4261-4267). These sections do not provide for compensation, but for damages in an action at law in favor of any employee "when personal injury of death" is caused "by accident" arising out ..f and in the course of his employment, due to the negligence of the employer and, in case oi death, such right to recover dam.ices is given to the employee's personal representative. (Sec. *261). In such actions for damages the employer is denied the com mon law defenses of contributory negligence, negligence of teilow servant, and assumed risk. (Sec. 4262). It is then provided specifically that an employer, who elects not to come under Part 2, shall be denied the three defenses above named in any action brought under Part 1. (Sec. 4263). 3ut. if the employer elects to come under Part 2 and the employee does not so elect, the employer is not denied the common law defenses in an action brought under Part 1. (See. 4264). Part 2. (Sections 4268 to 4337-5) By these sections, workmen's compensation is provided without regard to negligence of the employer, in every case of personal injury or death of his employee, caused by accident, arising out of and in the course of employment, "if both em- 203 K9 - Xb *. e ?, & IT * "^ X - oi Cb ^b OM = =T _ Cc w* ^ *z jS' jfc ; "ft ft csi -- _a fi &g sn OM w -o e S- *> M*t(MSt fX8--0c1. S I z* H r-T .w~2 Nn 9e =o _e 05> ft o M ' * i 1 "3 .sS^g-Sg?'I !? J=S 77 So XJ3 f6t.. --= w- wb Z axe S s; --ou V~e& xsJXM5 |w|f=t-b-*O--r*>5^=Ln E~TyfJc --X<tij -^^"SoI o ^ * g ft-- 5--5 -- *Xb * ~ S ftX v *o S-B-S5 u -5H *4uo> *ufb?dt*4aW>- *- K X O A4> b ,, a X5A3 a *- X ft Xdf>t stdiSusf:t*f--ctt--"wa5 OS 3VVi *-Of-t wucr eu>b *2V ----u 5-- _ :3ft b>=_1. o cjf CC 1=0 S xA c.2 E--S !S - o > a -2 fs 3'I8 T-oS? S-A X-r~g-2bdi-x= # Udu d .-r *d A _ (i u 5 * u *r Xobb 5S= = *i:is5 ft x % m d b *"*" *|S E - Vi ft *- w A S . Sx~ h 8 e ^^.J2uw 7O J2 - X-*S=>0.2ft - fe-s c-- 2 -- e we ?2 r|es^ x*S ft r3 EiSC so*=O Sft > =S >2 -5s>o x 51 --w 9w .2 C 5 iS ft r = is fSt ftt c^ ui C ---- .2 b > C > r -5 c* >.; - iu! o S w " rs -C r2 S = s- " S Z o tj l ='= o .2 2 = `o. ^5ES :-c*5 ct ' i: w V s=* ?Ci i- 5? 55S2 c s^-c Ki *^5 ft ^ c= hi i,= o l"S- 2 v>. 2 -2 B c e *e0 9 w m c> o .Sts x *" . ^S* re JU *f"t Wc*u E "^-z fo g` "ft w S --frt " r ^ ;2 Vri v 73 V ft -- Jw "3 8 ft'3=; 5ft S E 8 o : 2.3:11 :.= * -A .22t JU8L -5Wc b= *2vi f-- So r. 5 E *o w ^5 c| ^ 5^ f'75Z o t2v3- SV3 > -- Cw ft = ----c*^.>wCowr 2""cor**"Cs>- jibe 1= E * o ^ 2 5 IT. ~ ft---- - ---- "^u ^e; r*=^s-=xew'i'i iis =|.I1c1 =wc Se B > a c.1 Siiii ^r *o *> tr wO> --> X tu> --5Teg ft == s*, =* *" 5 gg5I| =_ _ .rr-fiCSxega0e f =^ S 2C5 Jf! ftt -- ) *2 e_ wi <t '*' " 5 . k-. <t -- 7 ^ tt cc 2*0 >,w Sjs^s- ? uX == >cv =e _*9 aV>i -- > C ft ft O A V V -x till 5w = 22 S> c o>e>-- r2Ci A =- b; -m -5,^ = =- 2^ A"* ow r. C-- 2 c; 5? ot'.s-= y 5 22Vi -- x b e, a o S s. EPK~c- -- = - = -.= 5 - * ft 2 fa0t*--9^ --V ^S= C-- .--f29ftt rAub :f-t-- c.^ft^xo 9" rb M jc! -t -- 5 0 2 -Wb 5? 2^> B_ 2f2t ft * A fc ' b = 5>, b -- Sb bb >C. >C = K- ft *9 9 O ft b W 2 5 -- w cT 7. r. Eft ft = US *fI^IJ = S | |I 5 X it |_-: Ci i^ ^ ^ w * -- *' ** c- 5 = b , su9r 5if w S:'s SCts ; --w 8 -- ill V s ^rs - .2 ? ^ > l" z 99 C 3 If -- S'!-!'! = Jf S 3 .9 tv. ~ w tt * s "i? i' . t y-c -C 9 .3 9 * &. -- = o V -- -r 5 5-*= I c i v "5 sS x b -s 9 rt -2 cs 5c J tt - uO .8 P 9 .9 - 9 *= -= 3 'r < * 5 o Is 2 = *r *r 9 Z-- _ 9 u 3 C _| --- IIIetc ~ rt OsCS - _ ^ -- .s e i- * c u . V) -- b rt %, sS|. S2 w u b *; ie 5 " S -- &. 5 ,, _ rt 9 = Sc y Ji . 9 3 r yO u S 5 tt c = -- ^9 i S s:^i*a rt -= "" -- V tn , ^ C .9 w ---z <r c ,= <-J * v. *. >rt g M** J" 10 *= 9 we ~ b c *x 5 c ~ " =3 - = et f " 3 = :* f rt* S _3 X c -- 5 * uo rt w 3 = CD ~ 3&u 53 2 *3 u > sr _b O -5 5^^ ta 3 3 .- ?> J*3 n 0 " *S IC -- e s -- "3 -- i ^x s. 9 9 "= _ i B >, s = t-s w -- If. ^ _ JS rt * > i c J = .s - rt ^ sis*'i3" u 3 *3 3 .3 3 h S-sE.* ^C J.ScE j>Ja e -- I tt Ci W U k. rt ._ rv tt y CM S*' Kb 2- W x >. c 9 = . !s c 2 *z --9 _ r s v a Stj u rn; -c s .--2 _ *=lizi rt l_ iv#*. *r r M-|l--1 3 C" - .a ^H 9 3 b T 3.-- *- C t Sw 3^ Wrc5 s" c -5 b. b. tt c Sf ^ c * rt ^ 5 tt c j; w ` rt *3 ^ y* >3 = *4 rt S 3 " 3 2so ^ o2 - * 5 c -r * s s:: Sb b C *3 w c c tt 5 X !Z O .= 5 '5 IT. C 5 S S! t 3 Ci 5 "J " 3 "3 *U u . < -p M ci c U " >i -- *3j 3^ y T5 r>t -rt *--c bo s u S|^rtS MT ^s c s2 - --- o = ti = 3 v C - JT. H -= . v. Psi r *i*r cc s s K . 1 i 5 - s *o JS u - _ - - - .2 c o b b " S - S t - = < <n S- = * r 5 5 3O a^ 4> . -- 9 c. 5 i S ,2> ^ rtb v. -- , 5 s.- *5 "? = "n s r S c/ C *3 g-8 rt W!s=:s 3 9 | 2 ! u "h S _ W %J r. X S * W S -- 3 S CD Ji *w c *-=.t e *n o e e Oi -- f* a .3 ." . ow5 < O p i= 9k- *COf ---- "3 L, 5 .5 1=1 2 . t 9U *3 b ^ 32 XT . Sill:! S -21" c, ; it. ^ c* -3 *2* E 2 *3 rt zV. rv* 2 = v ^ ,, C - = = 33 -- if, b 3 if. .= -- t# tt rt .i:3= J5 pj ^ .2 O *3 9 vt w 3 if. 3 b .3 tt a. *3 -- .3 ? C cS c. 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S * CC 2* 9 ". a .S 3w O3 S L (I fo o (t g -- 9-0 Z >r w I jj C 9 Cf 93 * CC = 9 3 9 a b- b 9 .3 0 9 ft b g <M w _ K ^ S O ,SJ J S^ T? 9 2 s " s s --o I s5 rt s * .2 = *"o to C:.1 T3 .S X .O 3 *9 -> .2 _ 9 -C 'w 9 ^ 3 3 *> > .t: ft b 3s ^3 - b "b * J * -- 5 S5WJ 3ISv- w PM k .; 5 u 2 J5 . 393-*> >, b -- *3 o * K *9 5 b .3 ^ 3 ^ -- -- .39 ?!5t -- tt M^ o 9u ,,C J? J 99 S-2 = O2 &~ tt *" X .5 c s t ~ * i ac -U = 5 ^ o -- x ? 9 9 rt 5 ili - > s .= ? ts -- ^ rrtt --" rt f9? 93 3 9 j w i 2* --- i" = - & = - re .3 tn 3M -- 9 9 w X -- ,S b s E , --3 9 -- , rt 9 X b3 rt * -- if. -- -- j: ."= 93 ft; us ol' if. S 3 ; "S J5 U O -- * ti it v _ ^-- 2 9 C = -- 9 rt 2 -- rt a. u 5 39 9 rt V. ft 9 2 S 9 ^c " *rt " ' if *3 " S 9^ s K3 *D C u o . c BC = ei uS rt -- u O O 'I- C -u = . MV. 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SE s:*' ^ *r*e g ^vs. 5s= g:v 3W- m ^2> &H vM .5 *J: 2^ " -re ^ t vbv ; & 5.2 8C S-C AL>C ZD 1&Zc > 2-- Tf * R ^. 29. o ** 3 *>:. ' r* rs x "5V c & .2 -= -S 5 IhE w * 2X-5=2 ^ S jJ! t3 a 4/ M K B * *" *"*cCZc s-S=o s--s&> *fOubi-C --R_Sw 5uot&. sV >V ~ AC *9 7. r Sf f -- sLSI urt -* = s!? s-S 0 3J2 _s o re . C AC =^-cACs.Sc?--3c _^ 'Z ^ -- re jm--s ~E -- 9 Wb* :? : Su rCe/ re T v13 2U S S 2 tt w liii *= .2 u - 2 9O 6e ' C. ZEj 2 5 c(I s re S'm i" u r'Osi re - S2s .5 x S 'iw re 3 --3-- V Lre v 2 B S> T5 SM ec uO S = S! i * h |!s > c - e 3 5 S*So US o2 O -C W 25 AO V 5 = *: =5; t im " o Vr - E >* -- y>. rC -a y - - r= w Vp. i/) ?. J. ft rs u ic .5 a 10 X- Ji i * --" TVTr -* 5as = uu U __ S z <O .2" & I ,-s .N VS* --"S2 .f2ftt c ft T Vo c KS(t*' fSi~ M --fftt. ----*> _--ft Sa n >ft. ao s 6, v^ "P U 32 ft t* e. . __ "c V _ r - ---- wy *e5s -- K !r r r* * X r? 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I. -c x V CC w< ft ft > o .V _g t ^ 5 C 2 S ~ mJ > ft.- p> -- u .S ' < y .5 ft jf- 5- -? uS V r*, ^ c -7n -- Cm U S Oc 5 r ft ' k* C in c V - ft s *" Ee ~ mX w ft J ^ # ^ ^ c 2 ft c i I -- o --ti u- 5 s -3 *a w^ = 3 '= cs -- -- a :st ^ S > WW wft M*" ^jt *f5t, *-x s ft * b*> * y" 1 5 y v , c 5 ft O --* fUt . _ t* T y y .2f-c- c oP WZ ft T & u .. ft S r >v c * -- ft Cl r. tfi --- * * - k- s< c s ft M =O b 5 ft V. t ^ .= 2 zr U JS 2 *5 t W O I *Si Nf^x. 1 O g R U w b/ c c/; --s J2 n -a "a "5 'X 'ft cK- u mZ ft M u ^ -- ~ 2 > = ft* u ^ ft *-- C XC bCll 2 .2 ** ft \r. ft Ef oc c bo e v w b *" ^u O= Z Si t; -- a & 27 * Cl u -- -- w' :ss ~z --=. b _ = = B Zo`au fft o b> a c-- <s s 2 s s - _ s: = o -u>gr. - =-T u_ ^ -X - W ft . E?2 -- *"- h4* > -5 H *5 * = T-ft rt -- -r- x o z> _ / -- X - X*>*1 fS^jr *.Cg* "^5 2S --e* ft = c r v-- au ^ -c *; ~ "c w- o Q, > ft C ^ .: -- mO V c2 Cl -> 2 . . v .2 c P-- = cI Oo ft -- ^ j= caf.t-a - X.? _layr*wb ^;,X __r an --i_ 2 < ? 5 *a * 2SC.OiSSfaM. -5 ij U Z: a cwi b -- .o r; 7 ci i -r f-t *ab* Zc.i mczz ~ &v o a .-i > -= -a ';: aa i n U ft yc C6 .2A. ^U . S v. *aa gb s-` 6 CO fl ViO e o > ^ x- 2 ?" o "*1u 3 ?E c X -- = 5 "a2 *t n TZ 5e x_2 e o K tb s.o : V a" * I.5 <g K,B- s<S go > B.S> B2 <a .. * - *5. k .5 s>1 i s -iV Cm ir f'S Cl n s f|gS "3 = 9 *fti c <o o M V c euUc 2.ll t - "fet fi S I-e. ft . Ui _2= h { u s-a-g * ? 5 ^ 8-^f9c*ft.41 -- wU VCoJ Bat C CCij;3m iv I ww * M yy 2i^l y 85 25 8 ft = S > ^" *fta.- u -- cft B*y -- o. e m y y 2 ft s r Cl s 9 c 2 a = b w c M 5y *" rf=t r- *ca . k a" ci a * * s "a *-i c 1 >N O -2 = *-- Cl* | mm ^ v *5 &* LO Cl ,,2 Ww ,2 * y-- ^ -- a y* cy <^ Sf-5i "2 y # y tHi ft S3 a ci a. ^" S2 c e ! C 06 C . o " ^ "a. -a -I = & V w og ^X C ft * c *=2 M II 3tt " Z " ^c &5 ft s J 1u K fij *- as v E - -. ca * n s wy 2 a c c. c -"2E as 2 m* o -- e .2 X p 2*f*t e a y y a -a o *5 E 3 & v 8s -2 "Si y = *g ft c. aa y ti r .: E -4. y m--. O -- *17 Sci aa 2 *-5 E" v` s"" u a-- -- - y tw. C " *c nrr i *i ^ *a 3u W*--' -- -- -- y y >. Vu *5ci, yu o " .S* cLI __ ft o ; y y ^ y jtf *-! r. C s aJ s y R MS P "ao.. yy -_ > y o = 2 - ; o yy aw? y2 *" * o " y5 mw* Vy <* 8 * - -- y 2 b-- S = w 3 E - ft u ft ft ,s #v y a _ Ic a^ a 6C aft X ^ y >% -- &"c -yr = r5* Ky y -a * W *9 a 66 V y - ft y ^ 06 y aa j5: -a 1 s 2s *5 C JZ - y t-t y y-- y-- mm y O oC 3^ f"t yt'='=S" . 2y f"t a c ^. yy y2 ---- 2 y. m 5.-c a=ra O*-- nayi a*-c5 '--yy a- ft c tf - . J.-s y r ft > y 8-S y -- >. y 2 ft . CL a ft b. = s >" c .= T tf o r~i cry y ft ft a *> C b f. 3i y a ~ ^ -S i: 2* yw f ^3 -2 o y --' 5^ y ^w y j c* s -- ftf* a yyy = t: 2 *" - -- j; *r y - a ? My y *5 I = o oT ? r- ySI =e * -= ias .2v. _aos n a a V P y Uy -- C -2 ,, r? - ~' xu: -3 S _=?, tR O S= =ii*:ss5 ^c ^ .ft *- py -ya > i= c . 3 * Z z 3 2 ze > y _ ^oa UO ~ 5( *5 a ?* *J ft. T m-C r a ,, w _ 2 6o? ^^ i.-= ** JS IT. T~Z ~ D by yy a-- jE 1 X ` ' *3 - "-1 i ; ' - u i/ 1 tv -- - iC x *. o rt x x w ... 2 -- ft " -- - -- x _ 5 a =r : e J ct 6C til> ===S="S.5 .* * ejK- ^xjv; vv> = I > -- >1a t a s "t s r S x -->- }c:-`I:f5 iis-s&s " e _-- XT'- *rt T3 l k ?C' _-- v : S "' rt =to ew 1 e rt x>> * x ' x t * * -- -- X ^ s Ji w J = t: - = t 1 ^ _ Se..,S2 *" i ;= * gs- 'C :c. n -- ~ 9-- ~ c ^ H- -= ,_- ^ S Rw rt *" ! --c c 3 -'Co** -- - 3rt `^3S 3cc 3z3~>3- - -- c= 3 = cC fcl " t* --I Ts. .s-- w yw. c -r X v- rt - W. i n w t; b ti-- E-= ^ S: ^..^ ^^ =.-- 4S> 2 l='i c g*c CJ . * - ^ " c - - o- z- *-5 ?^ - S> c . c. TMS ~"5 = v. i-- c, ^ C__..__ u c ^ jj |I-b Scs s SI'S = 2=X rt _ 5 ft O *" -r * JJ *5^ - * ^ l* C O x -- C bC ~ 0*3 - 5 "'5 k. J n ** 3 w *3 " -- -coC.^*_T? o S . t *-- 2 5-- " O = 1! - ~ = -- = S -- . Xs * "= "Si-'x5-2,,E2"ce~'a* . V7 > xXs_ JZ _? Z>-.'r^* 5 = h* JSjS fc *~ l~l ------s--~S-gs*--3* ,bc . : i i_ 1*2 -` ; S C C_ c c : sj? lJ? rt = r*--- v -- *** iT rt =-r 2.x iJs~- > 3*. ---( rt C *3 - eJ3 S= "c O , X c" v *- o --- JJCI) rt J* 2 as-g 23 -g ft. s jit z * K e 3 X v rt ;5 'i;s = S>rt VJto'ovI v, 5 W * tl*C' ^ rt 2u'S g.* i *" S t5 rt ^ 5 f. o c rt n C SH r. E " Z o-- e c^ u ^ .-? rt 1 . n fe !* ^~ 5? A * c FIi- == *r ^ psj it* S - o.a"= "6 E-bSIs 25 i=2ctj .Ss =11 *-- y. , rRt C 5j stJ 5a..v2? tt A>t S * Ji s u o ^ - S S`2* w rt *s -------- c^wUwrwCr:' ^* t- 3* ?^ s "rt *t? S g3 e n : e 9 2 ; = 5 2: 2= rt* *-= ? c Ur >- nI. - u- -- W fc rt - t?w rt 3 b* . rt S5* c . = -- s-- E ^c *"' 7. 5 *- w *- C S c J on 3 ^2 *S *- X r rt ^.2 " to 2 > j *rrt t wc cc O L. I5 2 Su -== Scw - 5i: ,, rt rt, tr-t s* c ^ 5 i C rt 3 rt su.U uC SKs,, v8X:-, tti: rt ~ g c -* S 5l- K ^IsS O ~*r. _ iT>- e-5"" i." jj u s.i b> a 'u "j; stj j c.s rt- . ^ 5^ " ~ -c - S X o=1 J t i) . *311- J5 l--i' _6C uc. 4u, r6,t*--w Z Ji = > -- rt -- S!?j S " ss~ t "z c.ii 2 v. 2 U*R* *E~r1tAcy *i-* c c cc r. s: r s Ut- t/U C-- Cw C..S ^ -- %r. ** C X * -- *rt It 2 ^ c c-- TW rt .:SSg. 5 i~-t % \ =1 u* t; r. 2 i*c -- S - jr ?-- a- * f " *"-= 3 . 3^V' = fels w,,.Jr* v*L. rz e *= o S I *" 5' w|sJ&* <-- C " = *7 n ! I ^ fejc-c s- y 4, v-g2: Rt w L S 3 J __ u. . c Z 2 - w ^ *5 * *r S?= ' 5. 8 &,- -- b Kw 2 S =f y b * .3 " r.2 .* v. *>S rt -- 5l!i = t.-J'r j3:t. r* r rt z*Z c..5*5 ' '>?" w u n* - rt x |S 6 a /#rt >* f ^ i-* = v. *3 ST a- -- tc " c-5 S in o .*C ^ = S5 X rt rt 3 tV9 n : o &S-? B CV -- sc .="'5s & 'Z V 1J rt 5 1 g-S s rt 9 *-- W -- -- R? S 5: .3 rt s ^ rt -- re " A5cJ *-uc_ *u >s g*rt -S5i*l-l--^s-| fL-c C --" jz ..5 _ " ti t: S s lift"!* 3 rt.2 >3 rt 2 0O S'Z K.H *> V.3 rt .rt 4* fi. g = = V vI rt " E 4/ 2*3 - cx C 5 i rt ^ ," S ff ^ 5 V V *" m .^ISsS f*} rt . -- . rt -- 2C C.S u > s ^ sSS rt e S: 3 c o s v. ^ a = V^*C g-O o = X & 4^ 3 ?^SC > 0 >> 5 l .2 Hi .cm Stn 3 <^vo -O, w t rt"5 1 =- * s_ m^.E S ". 1 I o1-2 S' 5 TJ " i".s S.11 1=0" ."*- ---- rt IS __ c'3 *--= OC S* "3> = -- _ is xs to -- rt 3O- V.S.E rt g gl o ,, S o i v *J -- o u o C rt . fc s > g " eo *' rt M X S s-i 5 s Z O Z 2K s raoj * S^-2 w e t; ?ISS s w tlrt w IN M K2- C"; .E5fi'Cx- " "C Pj 2 ^S=B!Q -- *7 V2 -- . V o h. e. &u v f2*j = - e~*2i a j ^ J- iS- g" u t S1:3 : ; rt o - x^ 5 a e Stm K|/l C S:. -= i/5 - > 2 >> S ' J = 1'* g-E -- C,^ Lf rt > . ; R v _. ; -- rt rt *3 ^ ) rt ^ g ,3 4J Sf V >v X 7 rz ^ 3 3 z < = X -- _a ?X -- ce x 3 *-- rt = C~ s ga tl c ^ --- 1 S * rs w* r * . a3 bre - c tct x - SCrtg-- I 4><K e--S^? n.. _ C,C-- - O v S* ?SSx - & j rrtt - 'x"0*3'3* ?"S.5 t w <.= art's*^-3 2 :-- X2rt -*- ___ rt S h. 2 jfs S rt X w^ . 3 XXrt 33 - ow 3 = *a*r" R *2 rt rt l^ls:i-=-- X"--3 3 C rt o xT * = I- -rt eejs R Si 3X 55 - g-5 S.Sf lu-cOo x" &.J sSr 8gi O rt <`-=.2z. i.s t--- ; Z |) =_--___-~r t*o rt 2? a. 55= o <or '0*-- --t_-- ^c3 s c rt ax S 32- *0 ^ 5*P > ^$,' 6_ J7 #" -- W= n 3 * .3 V X X O 5 - a c.E -------3 rt -- X x R t =- " Z 5 be S'3 t gs g`| -- ;. 3 3 c : o t ~c 0 *g I ^X--3S'"SX; .Or3t*s3X--*-x*XR-' --*cCa3-C--CCs3c2 2*333"_*33-->.oua-tSl^wix*~~--S2s' tn 5 rt 3 -- 3ct => ^I =!." .2 ^ Sr . Si *" rt - rt <"-5 X fcitr, 3 IN 02 r a_ --3 rill .X3 rt "S "Si wx 3 i eC w? rt X "" 8 3 ^ K -E*:r fc-s l'*t s '~5 gx=i 5 S S-^ I? " = I0-X2x 3> S ' rf^M> rrOtt^^<p3J2n**3Srrt e= :"o.=c'ieif*-c-*.5"I-og=Sic-=1O,Sct-*".23Sh,-t'-"3~re*5b""-S0gW >r=-22"*==xx-So*- n1Ss!~w!zZ-x~5s5f*i:r^3>cw5t:.~c::-st=w>o!i*:^;ru: t: w fe x. c c -*! l~ 8 SJS- 5 s ;| c =" C11 S..S- Sir. f3,- S a 1c.8 s &.k 2 S " c -4 .= 8 g t u^!5 _R sC s ^ X* -u>S>>5.5 S a rtS--ccs-Jfos^i'tiJ;^ - "~ EsXxxcx^ *-* -- rtrt **>-- rt?rt -- Si s J2 33 "rrtt. *^- *-A3 a3ac, ^rek_. ?^!fc3- 3tA 3rt.5*."- -Ill till c c1) m ru S5 - s ^U 2 u yw 7 ws . o * &s wc = S| w Cl = jy v S * v: ;z y `5 S V o y *T r * ft y f=-=?& be *ft % ft y 2 2 n ecc --Si *--t5/ fwct o S *-- ,-- v y .g~~y.. - ^ 3 *> S S * fkt. J*3 *i 2? ** .*2c* s |k. ,t? 3 tT .3 "U u V y *3 _> 3 _KQ ft * Ss|!-S -5s%* '-zSc=. S5y-s2>w.8--sSSwc1c^/t'--gS--K8ei^Sc3^ ."ly i: ^ o t >s'f S = S =*|8cJ--s~~c* * cL ^3r,s>-2*3.4<* |tks^^-Sc|"8s 5:.= !=:>" r.Sbj-:S;.S5^ I E ,, to S= s. = `s15s5=el1I I-*5*2*"lB*js'J^S.TS^asS_2^vS5^J.*sg!cas*KO*-,-iI?*-s>t4::-.=5ySbow2S-i*s0-w--*i-,,feihyot:sSrrr5fyy-=?'t ^I.*.sI2"k1ybS2"5Ts.e-^--'"*w-ssobC*^--g*4*'*>B1-ftcg2"c-22tt^.* jS-I*SSWoE2sBiSy"E?*P ^j"1Oe--Eoc_yyobSyyOl-i_efi-n=.HO"2*^5ty=g*c3-Hs*^--J3SU*e3. |----;oo3wtSie?^' y"ybu-sfufnw.lw6fw-c93_tr-r-"--oycOotyfi=iS>cttt -.*gfr=t.-.-jy3f2=pK3bcgs;tJ=e.r*^*soeyCf>ovt1rS., >;|-;--SMygccfg=it.J*joc--cSSy:^.briZ"e|J"ay>=X*>**--sO3- .2*jHa2w*-5zm.fS-yMciE*=cfyyc Ji_*2mrT_?"O/yo5vt_rIi_i:j_-.--gmoyyl-r*||t}i-cJ^7^t^-or55oy?5*-;.^"0S -- _c~-C_^"* ?^ js.c5 .BnM"r 2e.5s>rc!0 H*-sfts2oSS=|s5 E*2 iyi-|lfc:iJ""`"l-" i2 "Hhij s*i= -- **5ir.os.StJy(gBEcri:,n'~ - u .5 jz 5 y &i>-=sS'SJ;:e!fl-.= nb51-:s.tss ^- `5.-S r ::.:-:re. i ',= i" S = " w 8 j; " r !" J? I y> _W or. _s>,S = S!k-|r=-s gg-s>B = >.T"0S = "0^ = i:S "= = |s=S-5"-=-c ; ? = - .= SS =>>3,:C-,,wc-t.^g.e;>21=o=^C= = ^_x ^ "Ss'S*J"'S^^5jf |f.= !S = 5o,s = j'js I ^s^Tb i i 5 * w " 5 * g"" c**'-- js js o"'c'zc_*",C ~ ' ~ r. ^ .5 h h ! : I t S j S t; v *iw . r;x ; r t t t = SK S :5 i = - r- ~ < .r r y -- o * n o ft s m I z ^ z ss-'-fc-ft -- -- I. js .s. -- c * ? ^ ^ *7 r. oW.-wWM&wfi. ^ cf u m C?Cw-- -- C-*, o s H - *"Sw --fR.J75 - 5 : *i Z M7("25C-5h5.2--Sc6 3-=. --=c*-O*.i .f--.=lo *---g-a a z ce v ^ It s ; u -- e/, c *r r Jr , e .S ~ -3 ~ --~ y. ^ . ge >z ** > 5 i Jl re 6 Si*' ~u.-2r ."=5 "J5: s: JZ II i _ * ? |tu 1h tz s z o Isr. ce s * gli? J-O s s * a cce *-c --B H --5 > ** .3 M g* *--r -- -- *: R "= . . SC - fvj .g fc - S 1 s 5" 5 jj -- o = = -9 - - C W ""i; ^~V- N `.` >&~ 4i tt ~ *Z. "m* 2T>2OZ, _** s --a -= fab M 5 *s "g 52^ *2 co *o2 ft " ~ . 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It - *" 're re *& * v >.c; --- 3- y 3 .5 5 It S 5-- *g --U 7It. a. -b3 ^4 C -3 s = r s g --*2 r-. L> _ ns Z . = J - 4V> ,, 5 rr > ce - it s ^It 3 >> I? IS &u u J3S g = o 3-- .2 3 z n - 2 cwe !! -- n v -- A R ^ R 4 ts__ y S wv w ee 3g Ve> _~z w'i s -CO -h2 B- 1 p z u- ^ re tT. a. z a. E w --VJ g , e S-2 3 ^oS It u > c . . u .g .2 >, - a. w e -3 " -- k. w a. 3 in c s 3 - It SF- 5 -5 -- "n 5c .Z3 - ^CS4 w " .3 *3 o5 i B3 X O 5 'r *r. -a II --3 r ^ -2 _ z .= tj z- v*. rsi <^ 3 - It w a3-3 zc er B -- w-- ^-- 3" Sr :L3 Z 3.* 3 Z -3 aZ. -- - Si it = E (1 o ^ v u US3 O S t! . x .x -s oe tU 3 ct c = t> br n * s v O U--u ; .= & '-Be IS: e _ s-S . IS *>* nS C cw O -Z s* " c. _ 5 8 Sn" O OS'S w A *u n c2 U --- _2 . i? F 8 *kl 2 *5 5 C. ^ >s . 1 2 c . < . v. .-- " 5 SC > *9 & IV v -S V *c Is < S u S3 S ii. zYz5- > s 2.2 2 (V u w a -- wV . o -o 0 9V 22 c" u X u ft 3 s S3 N O __ n- .t. k- r V G. =:=x=S" C * g= Xm =-- CX **r. JU J*Z" .. .*32- , s w .2 3C s* Vs *- V> --2 Eu 5 5 =K SS " (V -- v X* . It --3 c 2 i 3O * *s iv -t L. " E v~ S*^--JoJs:9so2---11 o .= 2_ n i> rii c k- o w C.^ O >c cX V3 E - w c ce = S m z*l V X o~ *IE. u iJ ,, S DK^ &5-5 -- w tn KV ,, S V cSi .2 w w nS v^ .` 3 C ^ s. ._ s x=- it w' = s. X s 3 * O * C. i 5 g .5 ?" ^*E-- x &s 2*5 S\!!X CV.*_e -- IB V * k V V) *2 - 5P-=^ =-- . U It -- u Sn .* - C wo -- o'"*=8 = *E-= s o=_ S*2 e_ **e-^0 sc =- s_ -- jui"-=5 o S v 9 u o S n & = " xo"> w _GS0 2-O CM l =. Si> "^ * "~ --n _ is O3 5- s -- = = --2 . ,, 2 c = xXT u * t; xo S s ; E 6* 5 jo . w It O J2 U * s- g *u3 e = xi : c ' ^*.E -- Hi Si S H ' -- rc w bu 3M - = 2 E-=ft 3-- - 0 o - &u~ u_ C -2 **2 5 " c - 5^c 1 x. 5 S' - JD --"Or. < a > M -- .S > O It o > X >,5 r r w" -X^.sSiO S5 ' o.9 _ - U $ o o^i * We*ft .= Sit _ I. frS 5 " V W uVV Ck-C-O m R uc.,J23^. s S ft & _> <w s ci 05 3 *1 "* fc ^ ct 5 6 -- --E C. C gwV '5 ,It -- 3 9 < C * W be -C o ^ -- -- t, - c r-'ST-- E_0 --: r*-^) -vc V 3. * = ^--s ts --1 C TV s> s s: M .*o V. E {-: J* 1^=: er .vs xZ C - X 2 ^ 5 c .= .;o2 * t --=I S= = ie J = ~: u .5s. .; I- SS' =2-2 -s = X s E x o .2 rt t: z xl g rt " 5 -- .9 -- 2 5 i!_ v S " .2 c s ^ -B - re X ^ -2C c .x y -3 be ^ V 2 wv 2 c^ = U S V " j r. g - .2 n fsj ?3 .3 V iS * H ( w " :w m o e*T| --U- 5 Z < = S 3 *5 2 ft I "Z ^ . = ~ I XJ 1 b`.I E si -- *r ->. r?*. --- = 11-8!' "if;: r .J! Mf: "1=P :=;. It i. ?.=.- lip: Hi 5-s = .SS W 2* lilt mu 1H II =^.e i.l ll pi I IN J iai* il!| 1*= " p-=i l;-2l=l "IJi E=S f J i- 5 - s I '!=* c-g"_=*=-*_*= i*i| ' SSt' . t 5 o = V =i: i` % 1 ir 1 r- ~l \ -T K * Sf L> ?f = > c . = 1 I i C PRESENTED BY