Document NexadLjkNrEQ6Y6Yq50o0EG1g

FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1953 Aug 3 DOC IHF093 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Unpublished IHF Report - Structure and Dust Characteristics of Sorb with Cover Letter to Manville  . on . i . . we 1953 August Johns Mr. Mr. Hugh Jackson Manager Industrial Industrial Program Johns Corporation 22 New York Street New York New York New other enclosed agreement Delay studies Dear Hug concerning laboratory memoranda concerning concerning laboratory laboratory studies studies the find concerning cited in your these subjects letter July on forwarding forwarding forwarding was caused from to you vacation schedules absences office of certaib from m the other absences deleted c osts and starting deleted and and starting starting estimates as wished wished to have clarification clarification technical technical starting studies wished procedure procedure mutual aspects aspects aspects studies costs costs procedure procedure research research appended starting starting dates easily appended The and costs can easily dates 10 and Tho start I of August 10 Smith few the week mest and 31. If you and Dr. Smith like to have me mest tt. dates I arrange arrange also you either those those will be pleased pleased dates, Kindest Kindest { those with you Kindsst per sonal regards Sincerely , M.D. Managing Managing M.D. Managing Director Director e Dr. ect Dr. Kenneth Smith a lso enclosed to Dr. cc of memorandum Smith OF AMERICA: FOUNDATION INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE OF INSTITUTE aaoo FOUNDATION MELLON INC 19 PA PITTSBURGH August 3, 13. PROJECTS Fr O* MEMORANDUM RESEARCH MEMORANDUM JOHNS MANVILLE CORPORATION ak Feke Lae of Sorb and Dust Dust Characteristics Structure characteristics of Sorb would and dust study the structure study A crystaline crystalline tree diffraction diffraction to determine three steps ( ray require give taformatioa information if so the amount 2 screen analysis silica io is and of dust field studies to determine the amount amount the arnount of (inas, and 3 on actual working conditions into the air under disseminated v@eetsally would know Tha frat two consideration, (tems are simple routins procedures conduct the field sstudiestudies would To require require a0 da necessary necessary fal cooperation CAIV which are uslog Hy borb and obtain obtain cooperation sampling permit possible to slinulate have testswould would during actual use the material material would would it is believed believed actual actual working condalt {ons couros couros bs in plant I a bt . > Laboratory Laboratory tests wei,ht. tests used io the dissemination dissemination dual dual teats have peen alter dropped & distance buch tests toasts information information information is dropped thr certain compounds provida valuable compounds order to vs when studying Po obtala comparative data of one would be 4 data, The results for Any obtala cou.parativs INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATIO OF AMERICA INC _ relatively little valus unless it were possible to compare it to another com- oinitted pound since only one substance is involved this test might well be oinitted Relative ioxicity of Marine and Fresh Pater Pater Diato naceous Earth Since the information desired is relative toxicity the intratracheal insufflation test is well suited for this purpose . It is proposed therefore to stud six dusis namely natural calcined and calcined marine diatu maceous earth and the corresponding fresh water diatomaceous earth The rat would be used as the experimental animal and the dust administered in permit single dose Sufficient animals would be used in each group to sacri- fice at 3 6 and 12 months with the remainder being held for 18 months Thus comparative information would be obtained on relative short effects as well as time effects The Relative Toxicity of Various Asbestos Fibers Again alace the objective is to obtain relative toxicity data the a N \ intratracheal insufflation tests should give meaningful information . a The pro- 4 cedure in general would parallel that for the marine and fresh water diatomaceous earth previously outlined The study could be limited to crocidolite chrysotile and amosite and we would wish to work closely with you in selecting the material for the test te we - see CR te a wee we we : we ~_ xv INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC 3 Toxicitoyf Massive Doss by Inhalation of Diatomite It is believed that information obtained by the intratracheal insuf- flation tests of the diatomaceous earth previously outlined would give a partial answer to this question Periodic intratracheal insufflation tests would give additional information However actual inhalation tests would be required | for a more precise evaluation _ The design of equipment for test procedure for exposing animals intermittently to massive concentrations of the dust can readily be accomplished In order to have a basis for comparison it would be i t necessary to conduct chronic exposures This in turn would necessitate fixing a proper level for the chronic exposures If the intratracheal insuf- flation tests were conducted first these data would be helpful in selecting exposure levels However if such tests are not conducted first is possi- ble that information available on exposures in industry would provide the nec- essary information Threshold Limit for Calcined Diatomaceous Earth Products The threshold limits of 5 million particles per cubic foot for quarts was establlahad from human experience through inhalation So far no one has ever established a toxicity limit for producing dust through animal experimentation is of course possible through animal experimentation to obtain comparative results which would be helpful in indicating the possible magni- 7 NDUSTRIAL NDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC 4. tude of a threshold for this dust in comparison with silica dust This problem In particular we feel should be given very careful consideration before atten.pting to answer the question by animal experimentation While undoubtedly meaningful and worthwhile information could be obtained a careful appraisal of the limitations of such data should be understood Possible Relationship of Asbestosis and Cancer of the Lung a The results published by certain investigators indicating a high inci- dence of lung cancer in persons suffering from asbestosis apparently are at varlance with the experience of some other observers There are several possible explanations for the divergence of these observations It is possible that variations in the type of operation or the characteristics of the fiber may play a role and confirmatory information is needed regarding the diagnosis of both the asbestosis and the cancer of lung Until the necessary data are obtained by means of a scientific epidemiologic study the difference of opiniox will continue to exist and no convincing evidence will be available to either side It is proposed therefore that the study to be undertaken will include 1. A critical review of the literature with detailed study of caasa reported by Marewether and Heuper who claim a high incidence of lung Cancer among workers showing asbestosis (S: 2. A detailed study of the operations in which these workera were Involved with reference to the exact type of fiber to which they were exposed i ' INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC . : 5. of the proposed study on the relative toxicity of chrysolile nosile and cro- faulite fiuers would be correlated with this portion of the survey 3. Statistical study of both asuastosia and carcinoma cases to determine the basis on which the diagnosis was made 4. A parallel statistical study of a sufficiently large group of unaffected workers to serve as a control uciore undertaking such an extensive epidemiological survey it will be necessary to determine whether the required areas for investigation are available We would wish to know how many plants we might have access to and to what extent the information outlined above might be accessible It is anticipated that a proper study of this sort would reveal infor- nation pertinent to the problem of asbestosis as well as contributing specific knowledge regarding the possible connection between pulmonary carcinoma and beatosis Sw WY . INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE PITTSBURGH 13. Pa August 3 1953 MEMORANDUM ON RESEARCH PROJECTS FOR MANVILLE CORPORATION Structura and Dust Characteristics of Sorb A study of the structure and dust characteristics of Sorb would to require three steps 1 ray diffraction determine if crystalline free silica is present if so the amount 2 acreen analysis to give information on the amount of fines and 3 field studies to determine the amount of dust actually disseminated into the air under actual working conditions bh and The first two items simple routine procedures and require no special consideration To conduct the field studies it would be necessary to know companies which are using Sorb and obtain their cooperation to parinit sampling during actual use of the material It would of course be possible to simulate working conditions but it is believed that actual plant dests would have greater weight Laboratory tests have been used in which the dissemination of dust is measured after the dust is dropped through a certain distance Buch toats provide valuable information when studying several compounds to order to ... ee NUATION NUATION Or AMERICA INC L. L. relativel Hittle value unless it were possible to compare it to another compod Since only one sibstance is involved this test night well be omitted elative Toxicity of Marine and Fresh Water Water Diatomaceous Earth Since the information desired is relative toxicity the intratracheal insufflation test well suited for this purpose is proposed therefore to study six dusts namely natural calcined and calcined marine diato- maceous earth and the corresponding resh water diatomaceous earth The rat would be used as the experimental animal and the dust administered in a single dose Sufficient animals would be used in each group to permit sacri- fice at 3 6 and 12 months with the remainder being held for 18 months Thus comparative information would be obtained on relative short effects as well as time effects The Relative Toxicity of Various Asbestos Fibers Again since the objective is to obtain fative toxicity data the Intratracheal insufflation tests should give meaningful information information The pro- cedure la general would parallel that for the marine and fresh water diatomaceous earth previously outlined The study could be limited to crocidolits chrysotile and amosite and we would wish to work closely with you in selecting the material for the test OVA Peo re Va eee e PUUST ae MB. S: e . ae ' INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF oe . AMERICA INC . . 3 Toxicity of Massive Dose by Inhalation of Diatomite It is believed that information obtained by the intratracheal insuf- previously flation testa of the diatomaceous earth outlined would give a partial insufflation answer to this question Periodic intratracheal tests would give additional information However actual inhalation tests would be required ora more precise evaluation The design of equipment for test procedure for exposing concentrations animals intermittently to massive of the dust can - accomplished In would ' readily be order to have a basis for comparison it be necessary to conduct chronic exposures This in turn would necessitate fixing a proper level for the chronic exposures If the intratracheal insuf- flation tests were conducted first these data would be helpful in selecting exposure levels However it such tests are not conducted first it is possi- blo that information available on exposures in industry would provide the necessary information Stem ae Threshold Limit for Calcined Diatomaceous Earth Products cable fout The threshold limits of 5 million particles per for quartz established from an experience through inhalation wo far no one has ever established a toxicity limit for producing dust taro gh and al experimentation It is of course possible through animal experimentation to oblato comparative results which would be helpful in indicating the possible magni-  NRO IAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA INC . comparison tude of a threshold for this dist to with silica dist dist This problemn in particular we feel should be given very careful consideration before attempt- attempt- ing to answer the question by animal experimentation While undoubtedly meaningfmeuaninlgful and worthwhile information could be obtained a careful appraisal of the limitations of such data should be understood Possible Relationship of Asbestosis and Cancer of the Lung The results published by certain investigators indicating a high inci- dence of lung cancer in persons suffering from asbestosis apparently are at variance with the experience of some other observers There are several possible explanatious for the divergence of these observations It is possible that variations in the type of operation or the characteristics of the fiber may play a role and confirmatory information is needed regarding the diagnosis of both the asbestosis and the cancer of lung Until the necessary data are obtained by means of a scientific epidemiologic study the difference of opinion . will continue to exist and no convincing evidence will be available to either side is proposed therefore that the study to be undertaken will include 1. A critical review of the literature with detailed study of cases reported by Merewether and Heuper who claim a high incidence of lung an^eramong workers showing asbestosis 2. A detailed study of the operations in which these workers were exact involved with reference to the type of fiber to which they were exposed duration of exposure and information relating to age sex and race H . . . NPR ow tts PT A. le me IN . SC, wet erilaive erilaive erilaive cred cy Ok roets 15 15 . . oe a es Ck eee a a re .. Si . arse age i cee 3. Statistical st.d , of ooth havetosis havetosis and care s a cates to determine the wanaJ wanaJ * which The dianesis dianesis was made (oe 7. parallel statistical study of a sufficiently large group of unaffected workers to serve as a control elore uncertaing ach an extensive eptuemiological survey it will be necessary to determine whether the required areas for investigation are available We would wish to know how many plants we might have access to and to what extent the inforination outlined above might be accessible It is anticipated that a proper study of this sort would reveal infor- nation pertinentto the problem of asbestosis as well as contributing specific ~ knowledge regarding the possible connection between pulmonary carcinoma and waves.osis waves.osis