Document NevaGXqM4oggdDB8LaeLRMkXE

7, 7*> Ai L t LIA23651 \J <r~' ^ -^ -< 1.-^. ^. LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, INC. 19 a HADISOfl AVINUK KCW YORK IT, H. V, March 27, 19$3 SUBJECT: LEAD-A53E3T0S iWIv ie ?a t io .n FAxa a h j o t r ea l To the Menbers of the Lead Industriea Association, lac.: Attached la a reprint of an article vhlcb appeared In "The Engineer ing Journal" of the Engineering Institute of Canada In Kovecber, 1962, by a principal In the fire of consulting engineers for the Place Villa Marie Developoent In Montreal. It describes field tests of railroad vibration encountered in the area, tests on existing buildings nearby vltb lead-asbestos anti-vibration pads, and the methods used to Isolate the nev structures from this vibrstlce, vhlch includes lead-ajbertos pads. # In the conclusion it is stated that "The studies outlined In this paper offer a sound approach to the resolution of a caaplex problem The result indicated to the designers that a satisfactory solution vaa achieved vithln the scope of normal construction procedures. It is hoped that this paper cay be of use to others in this field." Eeccuse of the broad interest in the subject and the fact that this reprint contains about the only published engineering data on such vi bration problena and their solution, ve have had 15,000 coplca printed and Vi 11 distribute then to our calling list of architects end structural engineers. Additional copies are available to centers in quantities up to 25 fret of charge end in larger quantities at our cost of $3-50 per hundred as long as our supply lasts. Very truly yours. RLZ:ok Enc. Executive Vice President : o I'MiJ .\hiu*ml (i h t 'k / Uh fw' r*)>r* S'0 /If LIA23652 ' - ---------- -------------^ f- ^>|- -*11-' L' THE ISOLATION OF THE BUILDINGS IN THE PLACE VILLE MARIE DEVELOPMENT FROM RAILROAD-INDUCED VIBRATIONS /. F. Krrft. M.r.I.C. fi%mt if+J. Brrtl (. Oim Ikltr, Cq *v A**4 /.rr. .Wo^iW SI lit fHimlrJ frtum Tiff. |.\l.|N| I.Hf N(# JOl R \ \1. |jifiirrrtn| Ih MiIn W mt I miw U \MrMtl>fr I SC IhsHtlo'tmJ b% IT. \l I\|l >TKU> \SHH I KTION, IN<*_ \*r. V Y**k 17, V Y. %W"1 "T j at' r 5 3 F i N 1904.01 - v-i --T- - v*V ,if. .'*.*.s\ L-^t^ iirik* W b -> r* >- i i^w.. . *- i- IM ||| < II i WITff r II" LIA23653 Tlir result* of the noi*c and vibration unry p\m in thi* report have been taken larpriy from a rrport prrparrd for I. M. IVi am! Aoofiatn by Bolt, BerancL and Newman, Inc. I n.ir*TCiri|i~iJ) i.nu,:"rr.CJ' V1"!1]^*' ' r"T--T" rriTi i ` Ml |-.f--- ............................................... > ( LIA23654 . : ii'Wi.*iAiiiV'>`n'Tii iitHartMlris lhi4a 'mfJlfVi THE ISOLATION OF THE BUILDINGS IN THE PLACE VILLE MARIE DEVELOPMENT FROM RAILROAD-INDUCED VIBRATIONS /. F. Rtrtt. M.F.l.r. A*t ft <- (VAfh. Ch M'T**. Th k p i.a c k viur ma w i: tlx- ml* milulHNI *4 l>Mt| \fiM <4 rflofft Ul (!m- Jtl< I lllivtlm Ih p i itifii. It un nxnl eavih )- ilr unlad n lutnt <4 (Ih - h-MCn itiil plu'MlltI<4 ||m' 41 f4loH% r^iv 1. Hit <nKif<wnv duptd Itmal Rank (Itotriing. Hith it* Hi/i ami |<wiilesids onffoig a plan area (4 J[)(>f'tinutrl> 'J J.'MI KJ It. rhaw //. T1*e Iwil lrviK mil the remainder n4 the site. toteting an area >4 Vi)r 2V>.CHK vj It . ! Sdhri witli thr thn-e-stiaev I all* art RutMiiiC 4Ik ( lh* |H<f\4n{ {0 \t*r*y Miiixltt lit JluildinK Tltr site *4 tin* t imi-1ma a largr |xvt>on J lIk - ( 4'ui'li4ii \j tHXI.il Kalina) t SUtHXI 14 ll * road )4ld Ml doHhtoHO Mo'iltrai TV Intel-rrlatHNivlup i4 tlx- (Mi'H^t 4|k I the pf IIH IJmI itriHluin it Oxrvm m Ftg 1. Ihe prestige future 4 the jHofo * mad it imperative thaJ 11*/1 1mt niHliistai**!Jng i4 tlie lauvr ami etmtrJ (4 tail* KmU-iiu Kh v iI ih h m- j ih ! o Imj Ih k i tlwu Wil lk*rvt'4tXr It-A'lll) 4\ 41I4I *h* lx' nbtaim-d. It it itut this Hoik may be of use to otlteri. Noiw and Vtbrttkxi The distiubame to the ImiMiug xtmp.;ntv arising (n*fn the train iwnr* riHTiti n\ tali- the h*m <4 n lupdidy high iilxxfhKi tv inffw, or l*>fh The HOllk "MlMXtHXl" Hill h mIk ate stroctill I'-lwM IK' V lllf 4< W41. nlmh. 4 h k iK iiJo .m-. h ij \ lw "bit" by an m i itjutil Tlx- |-rm *ih v " Hill mk Im at*- a ulffitffffi nn-jfii' ulhit 111411 "li lt Sittir 11 it ({i((h iiK (rumfulls impnsildr) to male <on{>lr!r 1)4(4 aiuliff-i during the short time i4 4 ti a mi juivjitr. mu Ct v Hh tape re* Millings H rt- rtuilr 4 all events and tlx- n-sntds H*tr aiiah/i'd Utri lor mh h * 4>h ! siltfatuxt intensity at a Iimh .h h i <4 tlr fretjocmy eomjxni* Ixm <4 t)*r signal. Rijlnxd baditf Tlx* l*e <4 Iniih-np lrjil*tlmtin ih *)j I'k pads to minimise ilotmlaiKrt III Imimiat Imiklmt/k Hat U-vti >Uu<l- 4il pijitnv h iili Nixtli Amrrki/i railroad t ornpafiift lor tome lum*. T)r pad n m.idf <4 (mo \ m tliuk 1a>rta 4 Mfiaratrtl ! > 4 1 )A in. Oh i"t .4 *al ilid and nu awd in 4 Hati'itiidit rtivrlopr 4 V In iIh ^I lead I1h * aOx-Mm t-om*HXMiit tray ' ai\ Innn s v*ft Inrdrlt to 4 hard Ixvifd Ii |h ih !io k npNi I Ik * pliilcrl alnxi Tbr pad i pr* tompimw-d under 4 pie\iurr n| 2(X) pa I and bat a l*raim)( paiity Nary- mu Imh o fWHI to |(XX> p I . tlrjvmlmg on tlw bum i4 tlx* 4tl>rtt(H lwilator pad* of (hi* type H-rre imtaDc'd bi the lourKlatfont of the Qoem Elizahrth IJutrk tlie 4tbt*sto being in the loon c4 a emvnit-aibcrtot board- The data rxi tlte damping charadrrUtict c4 the padt for detign purpotea wai not IfAMr-J in the literature and was iipprmimatrd from the measurement prur*ni outlined m the foUowing Mxlirw*. The Mean-femewt Fractal An riliTunr program was earried fxrt at the wtr bo* the atffnutk-al chnndtaiilt on this pro)e<*t during Fei> rnary. IT)**, to olitain data on the UiiM-ratHwi and trmmmi&.don of rad* nud-mdiKvil noise and vibration Into the isxitrr^nlated stnKiure*. Tape M-itniiogt were made at various location! iV the rflA-ts of more than JtX) train uwirmnili In order to niMiir ttatistK'al valklity of the resoltl Hilh nApctl to the many variable* ki the pnddetn. The mx>rd* were later aiuly/*d to determine the noU or \tlxation b%rl ki each of the fretpuiiry hands. Tlie generation rtf thrv disturbaiwff** Hai Iix j ik I to be alfeeted by the following variables: a) Tiatn nsn'd. Some train move* mnitr Here at "platform-speed* and sfimr at "yard-speed*. h) bajmpmeot. Ade-lo#di of loco* 1 gyp. kwij . i. rT-gy* wi.jpm fuepmtfmittptitA}* > v niy a i.ifttA. i*vLa i LIA23655 if j ^ motives generated higher rttergy levels (lull those 4*f tbr lighter cars. e) Width of rail-jiHhti. \uisr arising Inun Ok * prrserxT of the main-raib was found lo be Miffvcx-iitly high lo warrant tlw taking of correc tor measures. til Suitihes and fiogt. Siuglc-pornt fntgi -.Mir fouitd to lw tbr most vfKKii nniv* and filtration gi-mralors m this prtqnl. r Ballast. Tbr snlklly-fru/m coo* (lltkNi of tlx* 2 ft- llmkix-kl of rrxi lullast ovrrlving lxd-rt*k undimtricd- K lui{ vxnc tflnt *i tbr measure* nxnts. although no quantitative s UmIm-s woe made to determine the inliiH-iKt of tbit Utaf11k * tranvmivvMNi of fix' distvub- 4IHM VV4S vttMlkd With rrkpSVt til tJx (mCitusitai k ] Stltivi) frtxn tlw tracks aid t1r prrsoxr or jlxxikt- <d ivolattx pads in the ad- yaceut structures. The program i-jmutrd of the nwattifrinoit of tbr loflimmj; Wfntv a) Earth -binw railroad induced ilMjlxn. b> Strurlure-Uxix- lailmad-induccd in llx* tv>latid (^ueeu Hua* U-th Hotel ami tlx* musnlatrd Dx- tlwMst Stin-t Bodge. t> Hadiatsd lxrw in tbr aiwl hosier structures. Tlxer different arrangements *d nMusiiimit n|iiipiHiit were iimv I, In hr firvt t> ttrm uwvl to rruml vibra tions, tbr output d a Bn*rl and Kgier arcrWomrtrr aat im\tn| tbrooch a Lorxlpass filter to a vacuum-tube voltnwtrr to pnnidt- a dirtsl-rrading instrument in tbr s o Ix ^k Imt trrqiHTxy funds of 2-4 eps. 4-3 eps. 3-lfl eps. lb-32 eps and into tlx* higlxT fre quency audio funds. In tbr Mviml tvpr. composing two s-nmphte tvvIttnv, lb' output of each anvlifo* jester was noHtlnl m a nupHte tape arxl Jiulv/svl in tire !iti'j| atxlm frequcTKV Iu ik Is of 20 73 t p*. 7VJ30 rpi, I.VvAX) cpi and iii- tinimi|( up to 10.000 (] The tlurd tv stem wav liv'd fix radiat'd imh s c level rm-aMirctmutv tml sixnjxiwsf a niKtoplxxrr, vmml hvf mrttT am! istavr (sand analy/af whs ted to on it the audio bands fnxn 20 rps to 10 000 ^n. Oxoivtciit with tlx* varnty of <t<x- ditHXiv lo l>e imjMiMvl by the Dcvi-Up- rrxnt, vibration measurcrm-tits w<-rc made at 20 different locations ranging vit (k ally from trail h-vrl to <le\a- tum of 110 ft. mImiv c am| horizimtallv ovtT divtamm euerdmjr 2tK> ft. A* a geix-ral rule, Uitb tlx- Inxi/ixital and verthal imnpiximta of vibration urtr mrakurnl at all Matxn. Alv>, tbr two tape tr^^xdiT ayitemt wrrr opitaled virnult.ineomly vi tliat tbr umr nml wmill lx* recorded on Ki*. I- Plan view of ut dww*-* k c ik t *! anantrmriX of Dmbpwnt a*W llx railroad track Uyovt. iL rach vvtem. tlx* only diffeMiHiT lxiiiji tlx* iuter>txNiaI liffe<iK-v Ix*tween tbr paitxutar pxk up pmntt. In tliii way it v .> p<noble to aoiifatrly akw-k*. tlx* v iIx j Ih io b*\d dM*imrv that nnltl lx* attfi1xitr\l to tbr flvajorrrrHTit povitxwi b/fiT<7xv An important part of tbr program o h v tnmcxl llir vtmlv of the rfliiti\nu*M of tlw wlxatnxi ivilatsx pasli a\ uvtl umlm tbr txdumnv id tlx* ^iMru Eli/alxib Hotrl. Many >imultarx-om rrtordintSa wtTr maslr with orvr putup on an lv>latixl Hotel column an.I one on an muwiLitnl Hrul^r uJiimn Human Prsponx ta Noix and Vikolion It will 1m* appropriate at thiv )>ouit to brii*f1y rfivtm a few wsmstKa! tcrmi. Tbr noivr in any rnviioonni't iv mually devrilKn! by a graph of tbr sound priAkurr b'vel at a fumtion of tbr frequency rlnttilxitHMi of tlxrxiisr. The family of txiv tTititxni. ".\C", curvet diowri in Krg 2 <lvtil* noive vorxbtMM* )sxl^inl to lp atwj>t* able by the average jx-rvm fx vari ous situatxMik. Human aivt-ptamr of these values is bawl nn our an<-c of tbr luluntr of tlx- w miih I pri-ksurr levels of the VAtTal fr<*qucncy iirnijximnlt of tlw itoiv*. Noise bimriMt a dikturbing elcnieut if smli b.il.imsk are m*t irx-t. wiibm leavHuble linnlv, or i( tlx- ul>v'lote v h iik I prcksorr IrveU are appfrruMy bipIxT tlun tbr amhx-nt rx>tv* levels l.*i ihr span lonuji rnl It has Urn (ixoxl p>/%st:>Ie fnxu aromlxal stmlx-% to tohr^N- v>mewhat greater pmsurn <4 lm Ireipx-lH V | x >i v tlion JixlHjfed tn tlx* NC" curves Tlx* altiTra/e ix mv iTilitxm ttitvi-k of Klg 2 nus tlxn lx* iivsl. Tlx- use of tlx-se alteruatr values may 1c unuxlrnvl in tlw diAign stages Ui jim- if tlw pn-jxwiderarxr m Ins Iio j imt h s v miimIs tn railroad-imliMed ixv. rJe prattMa) impnsibibty id tlxir o-r.pl1r re moval from tbr noiv* vprvirum arxl last. bit iKd tv?, their nstrrmittrtK-y for tbr maf*x pMlxn of the ixxnud idfwr day. Tbr itoivr arxl vilnatMis dAign tntma fix tlx- Hoval H.snl Buihling vark-d with tbr intended msop.uxy. Tbr iteasly-ktatr aml>H-it ix mv )a c 1 lit the rvxutivi- offKct and stxifii. rrwr roixm wyr to l*r in i)m- range id tbr N(N2.3 to N0-30 eirvA. Tlw ixxve livrls in piivatr oflKt-t von* to be in tlx- N(`-l) tn N('-33 orrves. The TtHM- liAilt m tlw large, open offxr aieat hot iuvsdvmg |x i*i;h a mas IntxA vs ere to be in tbr M !- i' to NC-H curvr v For tbmr airai inv^tlvmg Ixismess ma< liiiM*s. tbr lrvids prrnuttivl (otrespomled to tbr NO-43 to N'C-33 h u ms . 4 0 ? vmjm yyarurmr V ^agt-.r ^ r*rr TX '*r~\ i ( LIA23656 Fist T iuminjrl/ii t)tr i i \j x h iv <* c 4 human Ixingt to 'ilwalion To \rnfy the* titmu r>< ai sjlni-s. train |iaicagrt Uric found til \h - heard. 1ml m*| fell in u lifth-floor lx<>4tT room IV tncaJiiml uhralxM! level* uric In the range l*1u ecu -- fi.7 a/J -70 dh ft* lg m the 2U -- 7A tpi ami ".VI.VI epe hands. The iiumnKjl salon wife thus found In Ik applicable. MfMuinnttih A previously indicated. estinivisr measurement* ucrc lo evaluate (Im- omlrilmt*. *t <4 rath of tlic wvctal factor* lo the itfUM* ami sdtfatnm ci>* miih u t miiI lo ulnch ihr Development uonld lie ripoxxl. 1W ihratmii* Iviiatc-d Ir Hc I. tlie uniudatisl ItCldgr ami llw* setter railroad sard peimiftcd (Ik * establishment *4 iefc?e*Hr cmieli(nait ami (l>c measurement <4 data mmuiry to |nmn\l (rcn an existing iiMHtiitv to cun* in (Ik ' drviftri lanv level* <4 low freepiency vmml air itxHi- <-a>>It lnard llun the u k - responding wxuu'.pr.'aluemg sdwa* ttom an* felt Foe this fcjwm. mej- moment* uric mac lr i4 ll*r nob les cl* mI1h -i I hail llu* v iImj IWu i level* l.llrtl of llc*;M Track l/irl Hadialitl iih iv lev el* n udting limn liam moumiiili at platform *|>cvd on runt rut ion a I (tail, uHhcait su iIi Imi, urtc n>*'atifnI in lurtcl arra* at diflrtml r|-tala>ut. interest Inlng taken ttt the fmpH*nctc In*, (wrni 20 ami (toil cp* Tl*r aicat eserr aomstKalh dissimilar and the measured noise Inrh unr umutlr.l |u cipiisalent leSeh lit the rdniixT rmitn Kai li epiiealcnt nensr ua* tlien related to llw higlicst \C A curs r that had at h-at mu- pnent hi common uilh it The* ilirii-jx- i4 railroad mnv letrli uilh Iteighl Inc au isolated Inntding ua* (hut idrtaitH'd 4k I |> sltnuu foe tint pc itt lug. 4. Klrtt d Speed It ua |<n iin I more iIiIIk u Ii In isolate the efftiA i4 speed. Appitsxaide dilletrtHiv III tl*e MU'liiilxti ralet (4 iIk - Iraint. (litlnnil suilch settings ami diMt-tetucv in i Im* rolling tlmk combined to matV this effect. It wat iiotid that the silwation level* rncaturcd near (ililUmi increased moderately uith vjH-tvl hixpin the tmH- live ln*;>m<>t)tr am! tlu* last car passed tltr mcaiurctiicut posilMni. Tram* travelling al tard *j>etd urrr judged lo !>r appitti.ihh mi*ier (liail ||m tr travelling at phitioftn sjserd ami train* starting or stopping urte loctgid to he someuhat hvj runty than lltotc at platform speed. Track Joint* and Switthe* The meatuicrnmt of m4te levels arising from track cumpnnrtitf gave inti-retting remits, The passage <4 a ultccl ot it a track )mnt *|tj>r*rrd to 1m* someuhat rurtttef than a ultrel nninrng iwt onlmary track. The urM* mg i4 trac k thet* can hi- 4 ance. Of greater impcwtaiKe wet the l*<1 lliat the patvage <4 a u |mv 1 met the gap c4 a tingle poii.l frog appeared to |w at leatl time time-* as twiin n* that c4 a uherl ovrt a track punt. It at estimated that the imtallatHwi cd a mcning-ptnit frog uemU 4fu1 mayic pnvtwai <4 thn increase. t lrel of OitlORV The natural lampu*g <4 vihitkm uith di'tame "j i Io c iimI to le c4 e.il vignifKame uilh retpecl to this pcr>yrst Also, during the uockmg la), tram nxiunwiiti trml to ixciir gcfnT* ally c n i u tch U -upatatisl tracks, thus ntiming (|*e ruHte pressure at any ow pcHnl m tlic Inulding. Iwihlor Tad FdeefitenrM Ffum tlu mh -t iIiIh point 4 s'Stvs. llw chrermmatxHi 4 (lie c4 llw- lead-atluvtos luJator pad* u as 4 the grtalfvl inti-rvt. since puh* litlwtl data cm 11 uni damping <harao> terivtM-* ua* not a\aila!4e. Three unisulated ctJnmns c4 (lie lirntgr tlriKlure and three adfacent hnlatitl ttJnrnu* of I hr Iwrfel stnHlnre pro* s h Us I a satldacto'y setting for thn t.isivtigatHMi TIn w ctJimms are sihutecl in tltr SHioity <4 Track 7 m ar tltr urvtem tslge c4 (lie tadroad yard Tlie measnrrment* omfirmrd live u\rfiilness <4 this type *4 pad in general, altlxmgh vmr c4 tltr results Uerr uiKTipevtrsl. r* rso >00 soo 1700 laoo aaoo 2000 r^tooCMcr ano --crctci rift uco*o Fig. 1 ".VC" and "\CA" imiIk enterfa tunn a* per Bolt, Berartek A Nrinnca Figuret I and 2 of their Bnal report. At Track latfl The* first M-rirt <4 mc*asurement urte made tH*ar track level to df^rr* mute live Itonrmtla! (iMn|vnit .*4 ' iluaticm <4 each <4 the sit columns due to train passages on tracks at \arying rlnfarnsv Jt uas found that (hr results dwl ik H fullcru* any simple lau am) they merit further disetuoinn. The sihratMsn leseh for the isc4tcd ctjornn in the* eps haitd veere Imiml to lie slightly lower at small 5 LIA23657 distances ir>d appreciably l*wn at larger distances than l* thr imw- lilnl vnlnmn In tin- rwvt higher Irr- ntriK s ham! 4 T V 1 V) -p%. the v dwa- t*m U~\rU liw thr ivJjtnl u4umu were at im-iU dtstaiice* tKatj tlkise i4 the imn4atn| i*4umn At thr larger distances, the rrmh Mt-tr essential!*- tlu- umr at (nf tltf first Imml Thu mult indi cates that the naural frttjoency i4 the isolator pad lies-tn the fm|umcy lurid <4 TVl.w) tpv The |*.4ahrr pods ajYrarrd to lr less ifhvtisr in the higher freijuenon For eiampW-. tn thr ITO-K*) tps ImjunKt' hand. hr ilrtfrrriHv in vtheatkm h-kV-h was jg^m thrill for small distance's ami mils h<f a tiNimr i4 200 ft . in |!m* (Vlf>-l2fX> i-pi Impiency ImimI. tlw differences n levels was small mrr the full range 4 distance Hut was imi4 tomKirn'll t lie nitons on Uiit prun'd. iiWT rnmt- of thr sites gv emanating from railroad vihratmn H eiMKr-ntratnl in IrojurnOrs bek/w .100 tps and the energy contained in |!h * Inglwi fmjuetKy viliratMWis is readily alnorbed in a normal Imildntg structure. At Higher F.lrrailom Tlie vrrlH'al components of vilna- tion were lint measured at higher elevations of these til columns. Tlu* vibration levels were found to l*c moderately lottif in lltr 20-71 cps haiul. enmd<-ial4y lower in thr 1KB KM) cps lund am! slightly lower in tlie 300-600 cps lund. fc thr i*olaird column than fir thr uuivoLt'-J column. These value* were reiucded at the first floor k'vel above tlie trada during thr (Vnup* (4 a commuter tram im Tmi 7; muUr, !*it slightly truer difference* were fmiinl for l)r [u\ui;r 4 a iIh -m-I *w its Ik I on Trask ] ] at a lateral iliU^me *4 100 H These results rmlkatril that tbe ixditir pads jllinlu! wane mltM him id strikturr--transmitted muse and vrbrathii Ft*r purposes 4 dr. sign, the lw4at>ofi 4 a column was immvtl f> ailiMi! a rrductt>tfi <4 n-ase am! vibrafioo Tlr measurement* v Ik k i i! an ix i|j <h effectm-ins* of the pal ranging from 2 dh to 12 dh. diykirding upon distance. frcspM-iuy ami i*th1 tailors Km |mi - povs nf ilnikii i<n this pfn*if. an asrrage salue of H iL ssai wlislul The reader l* a*itmrd against an aitr|MatKr nf thu value for use on taller |Hojn1s ssitlxMit further nil. uderatiun Dillrfmiri in t>4*tmn rttin^, |sa<! (impowtKjn, stnKtural tail* am! geometry wrr a lis if the many failoM sshkh may psr use to varutrorif in thu numerical valm'. .Noise Les-tf Compsitatiom The forecaituiR nf the rnnse k"st4 to be rsprxtcd from tailnui! attisity in anyfHWpMtl spjie nf tlu- Ik-seh-pmerit ummlnJ nf tlie inli-gratKvi nf t)*e indivulua! cffixts diyuiwx! alxnr, Tlie intettration ismsistnl nf a n-rtct of ONMvtKMit to the erpiisali-fit N('A noise level given in Fig. -4 fur the height of the partnular spate aUrsr track level C'erlain muse tonlrtJ mommcndattiaii were ftKluihv! m thr eaUutatinm. The rrismrmnHlatiom *M-re fonimlatnl during thi- tiesign stages 4>k I are summan/ivl at fuflowi: a) Iw Ij Iih fVMIt IV lii'tjIljti`>o 4 iudatirr pads l*i-tssen tlie i>-1urrui R/tllag.-S ainl tlie t<^H <4 tlw I'S^lugi seal (airxil tail fur the mah*iit> 4 the i'i4umns llunug)>.it tlw p.*(*-,<. Stndx-% 4 Kftaiii uiltumit at large dlitamin (nan traiks and sun^xlmg runsv-oiisipaiKy areas rmraUil lle |inpli-te fiasdnlils i4 nnuttu>g l*se lalur p.uls at (Imv kialKin aii tliH was ilonr, The asl*r-st*>* stenpiaient *4 tie pads installed umler the Km *1 Rank Building tin4 tlie Item *4 lenient- asbesttn hunl This IniiMmg t* rv sentially tn one tide *4 tie higlsrt- tperd Iras Is Tlie asletns umpmnit <4 those pads more direilly met thr hlgher-spm! tracks t>4 (lie ham i4 firc-frlt nlrsiin. Although the lirr- f.4t jywls are prvdtahly *w-shat nipanr aismst* ally to the umnitaslantnt pads, they v-rr tlrsigtsed tu furxthrti under isanjws-vwsr unit Vsads is (MM) p 11 as tunfiwsted to the p i i wx'rkuig imrf kuils <4 the latter The Va*ls 4 the Ims-er column*, m eum *4 I2.I**.* kips, sst-re o ik - I'liveteulexi in tlu ihotce. It slxxild a!*o In- mitn*Ks! at tins time tlul tlie ntnM set* <1 arxl hp sutfattA 4 the ii#ktr1- t tings, the gnllagi-s and the nlu-m* to rlesatk>ns alwnr raitmad pl^tfium level sail* us ivsl tn tsui i>*--mh- thki s* 4trrj>i* 4sl lassfs *t otk Tin* sufl s* as latrf maxil in f in (4 ptHrvtt-r tre1e th w tngs iliiTitls liekn* tracks, jl^- upj*er ubian <4 thr Baiting and grillage \st-rr |si4ats( ssith Iral-ashsl >s pli tn plan *4 ll*e nirk b' IhntfJr ;^ing ff'C* K vs til be mailed t !*. I ifk-ngap fis:s sssrr Iimiih I tn I-- tl*r rjvrst oiln*!/ g cumjkkietit 4 trackage m the sal.! It was recofmitetwh t! tlial tluir > h frogi iiraml tla- `dine arias hi .''-placed by the much ipuetrr d'Mj?4r spring fn*tis lie- d<Milil<`-s|iitg l'#g> redoer tile track gap aikj lour thr honr u tlie x Ik t Ii pats uut tlirm. Since these frogs tan rwu>c rn lioth cluntHMis. tlie rediKtewi is salK) for both dirt-i1n** of travel. <) T*o>k WrUltng (amsuViit with Fig. 4. Drear of rtflnuf noivr levrl srtth tkeight as per |JB\ figure 1. e V'ewnn'fJiy 4IIJU iy.w iu Pi^kJk UT11'1. .a ow.ny^.ijn m rmg**. y.. tuwup r; i > mj i' i Mai*wV'/.'SU,wpwrT11 T u A23658 0 Thh>S~iiii`i* > All i Til- S. T>|>WJ footi| hoUtie drtaiU. action between tt and thr lead sheath i4 thr pad. The magnitude! of many tower column load! gave ntr to grillages 5 of large linear dimrtitiom. Thr )uwt grillage bearru of the heaviest tower column!, for example, covered an area of approximately tt ft. by 11 ft. DrrvnuxHn <4 this order resulted to the falwKatuxi of thr isolator pad to segments (nr all of thr larger foot ingL The joints between the segments were sealed with industrial tape 2 in. in width tu prevent the interstitial grillage cotKTrtr hum forming vibra tion paths through them. The details of a typtcul installation are shown in Fig. 3. IHr measurements. the welding 4 straight tracks and kna-oinature turn'd tr-M W w as uul through- util (hr ) Aid. d) rnKf* SrperaThm Thr struc tural iummuV of thr vk n w-p^fitnl linn) A-Ipmil structures to avoid thr intnxlm t*m s4 sctdary [Uthi of rvnvr nr iilxatxwi transmis sion Hr^ilirift joints it ere pro ik led tiiuu thit u-pifitNin m thr my of pedestnv? or vrhxuLar nwmp. F*J UitiIUtio Thr relatively flruldr nature (4 an bulilor p] rrvatle careful t x Is u a - ihtp nrvrsiary during thr planing poxnlurr of thr upper iwxtrtr suf- (i<r i4 thr (iK4ut|(t This *aup- Ldwd U) thr mud maimer with a machined strrl kimJ sliding on ac curately lr> eled imi mat hirvrd wp- pnrt. Two cuitt of black avphdtum paint * rrr pla<ed on thr tonmlr to prevent any ptmtUr < hermcai CmUm The studies vutunrd m tlin paper offer a sound appmach to the resolu tion of a txunpln probktn The result indicated to the designers that a satis factory solution was achieved within the scope of normal construction pr> cnltiifs It is hipO that thn paper may hr of ur to od*en in this field. AclsaaWfwnwti Thr author wishes to express his deep trxlebttdneva to Laymon N. Miller of thr firm of ftoh, fleranek and Newman Inc . acoustxal consultants (vs this prop-it. for his pains taking work during thn study and to I. M Pet. an lutes t. for to use the ipxitid data. : I- i I t ' - [ . f r -^rV" v ^i'v<. ca"'i, j mj*.