Document NNKOjx9mprmd3yKKDqnONe47V

ELEMENTS OF INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY TABLE 40-D. ALKALI EQUIVALENTS 100% Chlonne Container Caustic Soda (lbs net) (lbs) Water (ffaJ) 100 150 2000 125 188 2500 40 60 800 Soda Ash (lbs) Water (gal) 300 450 6000 100 150 2000 Hydrated Lime (lbs) Water (Bal) 125 188 2500 125 188 2500 Chlorine dioxide is used as a bleaching agent and lor odor control It is liberated from acid solutions of sodium chlorite and from reactions of sulfur dioxide with sodi um chlorate in acid solutions Dangerous concentrations are detectable by its strong, unpleasant odor, chlonne dioxide Is a green ish-yellow gas, which decomposes in sun light. It is a strong respiratory and eye lmtant Acute inhalation exposures cause bronchitis and pulmonary edema, accompanied by de layed symptoms and slow recovery Repeat ed acute exposures give symptoms including coughing, wheezing, respiratory distress, nasal discharge, and eye and throat irrita tion See Industrial Data Sheet 525 and Hy gienic Guide Chloroacetic acids are similar to acetic acid m their general properties but are stronger Their strength increases with in creasing amounts of chlonne in the mole cules Trichloroacetic acid is nearly as strong as the mineral acids and is extremely cor rosive to the skin Chlorobenzene (phenyl chlonde) has only recently been used in great quantities in in dustry, and only a few cases of poisoning have been reported It is a strong narcotic and a paralyzing poison of the nervous system Some of the signs of acute poisoning are sleepiness, tremors and muscular spasms, frequently blue bps, fingertips, and ears, and red to chocolate-hrown unne. If the liquid has been swallowed, an emetic such as soapy water should be given and the person should be kept warm Mild stimulants may be. given, and oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide should be provided. Un der no circumstances should alcohol, fats, or oils be given The first aid for poisoning by inhalation of the vapor is the same, ex cept that no emetic need be given These cases should invariably be put under the care of a physician Chlorobenzene should be handled only un der efficient local exhaust hoods or, if the chemical must be exposed to the air, with supplied air respiratory equipment Protec tive clothing should be supplied to prevent skm contact with the material It is ab. sorbed through the intact skin and produces skm affections CMorobromomethane (broroochlorometh ane, methylene chlorobromide) is a halogenated hydrocarbon used as fire-extinguish ing agent solvent and refrigerant Knowl edge of its tome effects is limited Anes thesia and liver damage may result from acute exposures. Chrome exposures may cause only slight liver damage Chlorobroroamethane also appears to hydrolyze to in organic bromides in the blood. The compound has a low oral toxicity, is slightly irritating to die eyes, and, although not readily absorbed, has a defatting action on the skin. See Hygienic Guide Chlorodfehenyl--see Chlorowaxes. Chloroform--see Halogenated hydrocar bons. p-Chlonmitrobenzeno is used as an inter mediate in chemical synthesis. It alters the blood hemoglobin and produces anemia in experimental animals, as is typical of aro matic ammo and mtro compounds Chlorosulfonic acid is a strong acid which 40-25