Document NN0pdG0qJGDkeDYZ0JbZr6vZD

CA Selects-Chemical Hazards, Health, A Safety Issue 23, 1984 I'/sr* Page 8 the molten salt coal gasification process development unit Potential hazards included coal dust, explosions, fires, noise, CO, HjS, molten NarCOj, NajSOi, SOj, and asphyxiation from COi. The company provided a medical surveillance program that included a complete work and medical history. Annual pays. examns. consisted of blood tests, cheat x-rays, audiograms, eye and hearing testa, electrocardiograms, and pulmonary function teats. A phys. capability profile was outlined for each employee which included job restrictions and limitations. Work practices, and safety, and certification programs were provided for employees. Worker exposures were minimized by the utilization of dosed system operations. Natural diln. ventilation dissipated process emissions in workplaces. Engineering controls were supplemented by work practices and personal protective equipment as needed. Gasifier stream sampling and maintenance and housekeeping activities are needed. 101: 176735m Current Intelligence bulletin 40. 24,7,8-tetrs= chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, 'dioxin'). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Cincinnati, OH USA). Report 1984, DHHS/PUB/NIOSH-84-104; Order No. PB84-198001, 26 pp. (Eng). Avail. NTIS. From Gov. Rep. Announce. Index IV. S.) 1984, 84(17), 68. In animals, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) [1746-01-6] causes various systemic effects at a wide range of exposure concns., including tumorigenesia, immunoL dysfunction, and teratogenesis. Studies of humans exposed to TCDD-contaminated materials suggest that TCDD is the cause of obsd. chloracne, metabolic disorderee (porphyria), and other systemic problems and are suggestive of TCDD's ability to cause cancer. TCDD occurs as a contaminant of materials such as 2,4fi-trichlorophenol [96-95-4], 2,4,5-trichlorphenoxyacetic acid [93-76-5] and 2-(2,4,5-trichloro~ phenoxyjpropionic acid [93-72-1], Occupational exposure may occur through contact with these materials during use or from the past contamination of worksites. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that TCDD be regarded as a potential occupational carcinogen, that occupational exposure to TCDD be controlled to the fullest extent feasible, and that decontamination measures be used for TCDD-contaminated work environments. 101: 176736n Effects of acute exposure of toluene and methyl ethyl ketone on peychomotor performance. Dick, Robert B.; Setzer, James V.; Wait, Robert; Hayden, Mary Beth; Taylor, Bobby J.; Tolos, Bill; Putz-Anderson, Vern (Public Health Serv., U. S. Dep. Health Hum. Serv., Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA). Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 1984, 54(2), 91-109 (Eng). Org. solvents are used frequently in industry and workers are often exposed to various combinations of these chem. Several are central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and the purpose of this axpt. eras to assess the behavioral effects of 4-h inhalation exposures to 2 solvents, PhMe [108-88-31 and Me Et ketone (MEK) [78-93-3] alone and combined. EtOH [64-17-5] at 0.08% blood levels was used as a pos. control. Testing was carried out in an exposure chamber, and participants were tasted before, during, and after the treatment or control condition on 3 performance tasks. The tasks measured alertness end psychomotor function end produced a total of 28 measures on each individual over ~8 b of testing. PhMe at 100 ppm produced a small but significant impairment on 1 measure of a visual-vigilance task by lowering the percentage of correct hits. MEK at 200 ppm produced no interpretable significant effects on any of these measures. Additivity was not evident when individuals were exposed to MEK (100 ppm) and PhMe (50 ppm) in combination, as no significant performance differences were noted. EtOH at 0.08%, affected both the visual-vigilance and a choice-reaction time task at statistically significant levels on 2 measures, confirming the sensitivity of these 2 tasks to CNS depressants. 101: 17$737p Occupational lead exposure. Effects on saccadic eye movements. Glickman, Linda; Valciukas, Jose A.; Lilis, Ruth; Weisman, Irving (Mt. Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, New York, NY 10029 USA). Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 1984, 54(2), 115-25 (Eng). Quant, measures of saccadic eye movements were examd. in Pb-expoaed autobody shop workers and age matched controls with no history of occupational Pb exposure. Three characteristics of saccadic eye movements were studied: (1) saccade accuracy; (2) no. of overshoots, and (3) max. velocity. Workers exposed to inorg. Pb showed a decrease in saccade accuracy and an increase in overshoots compared with controls. Saccade max. velocity was lower in Pb expoeed workers than in controls but the difference was just short of statistical significance. Correlations between measures of saccadic eye movements and indicators of Pb absorption, blood Pb (Pb-B) ana zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) [15442-44-6] levels, were analyzed in the Pb exposed workers. Saccade accuracy was nag. correlated with both Pb-B and ZPP levels. Age effects obsd. in the control group were disrupted in Pb expoeea workers. Saccadic eye movements in younger workers (<30 yr old) were more affected by exposure to inorg. Pb than were saccadic eye movements in older workers (50 yr and older). These findings era consistent with a relatively rapid buildup of metabolically active Pb burden obsd. in the study group. Quant, assessment of eye movements may be an important tool for studying subclin. central nervous system dysfunction due to inorg. Pb exposure. 101: 176738q Behavior of plasma and urinary aluminum levels in occupationally exposed subjects. Muaai, I.; Calzaferri, G.; Buratti, M.; Aleasio, L. (Inst. Occup. Health, Univ. Milan, 1-20122 Milan, Italy). Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 1984, 64(2), 155-61 (Eng). A1 III urine (A1U) and in plasma (A1P) was detd. in subjects occupationally exposed to environmental concns. of A! below or equal to the TWA (time weighted av,; five mg/m>). The A1U levels in these workers were markedly higher than those found in the --. control gToup. The levels of the indicator ware definitely higher at " the end of the shift than at the beginning of the same working day; also, the A1U levels were higher on Friday morning than on Monday (/) morning. After an interruption in work of 2 wk, the valuea of the indicator underwent a marked redn. and were then only slightly O higher than those of the control group. Occupational exposure to O fumes produced higher A1U levels than exposure to dusts, and in the fO subjects exposed to fumes, the A1U levels were clearly influenced by 00 the degree of exposure. The levels of A1 in plasma in the expoeed tfl workers on the other hand, hardly differed from the levels found in 4^ the control group. These data appear to indicate that, whereas A1U . allows daily ana weekly exposure to be evaluated, A1P cannot be used as an indicator of occupational exposure, at least in the case of brief exposures to environmental concns. below or equal to the TWA- 101: 176739r Change* in tome hematological indexea of acet= aldehyde production workers. Khristeva, V.; Angelova-Gateva, P.; Benvenisti, D,; Kostova, N. (MA, Sofia. Bulg.). Khig. Zdraveopaz. 1984, 27(3), 207-12 (Bulg). Occupational exposure to acetaldehyde (I) [75-07-0], ethylene [74-85-1], HCl, CU, and yj\ acetic acid [64-19-7] in workplace air in the manuf. of I caused / lymphocytosis in most of the workers examd. There were also j r significant changes in the indexes of erythrocyte Fe of the workers, as compared to a control group, which indicates that occupational exposure to such chsm. toxicants disturbs Fs resorption and decreases Hb satn. with Fe. ^ 101: 176740J Cationic protein level* in granulocytes of agri cultural workers. Tsvetkova, T.; Atanasov, K.; Andonova. S. _ (MA, Sofia, Btdg.). Khig. Zdraveopaz. 1984, 27(3), 216-19 (Bulg). , Thera was a significant decrease in the level of cationic proteins in ' A granulocyte* of agricultural workers occupationally exposed to pesticides. The decrease was more pronounced during agricultural work and less pronounced 5 mo after the exposure wax terminated, which suggests that pesticides adversely affect the leukopoieaia in exposed workers. 101: 176741k Concentration of alpha-1-antitrypsin and lm= munoglobulins A, G, and M in workers occupationally exposed to ceramic dust. Cianciara. Maria; Pagowska, Teresa (ZakL Zapobiegawczo-Lecx., Cent. Nauk.-Prod. Meter. Elektron., 02-673 Warsaw, Pol.). Pol. Typ. Leh. 1984, 39(4), 107-9 (Pol). In workers, a statistically significant increase in the a-l-antitrypein [9041-92-3], IgM, IgA, and IgG serum levels were obsd. in comparison with the control. No correlation between the a-l-antitrypein level and ceramic dust compn. was found. A. Janowski 101: 176742m Effect of fnrfurole on the respiratory system. Pawlowicz, Anna; Droazcz, Wtclaw, Garlicki, Adam; Kutyla, Joanna; Kowalcxyk, Mariola (Klin. Pneumonol., Akad. Med., Warsaw, PoL). Med. Pr. 1984, 35(1), 39-45 (Pol). Chronic bronchitis claimed by 12 of 51 workers at a butadiene [106-99-0] plant who were occupationally exposed to furfurole (I) [98-01-1] in concns. not exceeding 7.3 mg/m>, was not supported by spirometric teats, probably because of hypereortiaolemia caused by I. J. Geisler 101: 176743n Health statu* of workers employed In the poly(vinyl chloride) processing plant. II. Baettlte of biochemical testa. Prrybyiawslri, Jan; Podolecki, Andrzej; Laka, Leon; Biakupek, Kara!; Pietrxycki, Mieczytlaw (Klin. Chorob Wewn. Zawodowych, Slaaka Akad. Mad., Zabna, Pol.). Med. Pr. 1984. 35(1), 13-20 (Pol). Blood morphoL parameter*, Hb level, and activities of aepamgine aminotraneferaee (I) [9074-82-2], alanine amihotranifertue (II) [9000-86-6], alk. phoephatate (III) [9001-78-9], acid phoephatase [9001-77-8], and y-glutamyl tranapeptidaee [9046-27-9] were detd. in blood of workers of plant! processing polyvinyl chloride [9002-86-2], Increase* of I, II, and III activities were found in some groups of workers. No symptom* of plumbum were obsd. but decreases of y-aminolevulinic acid dehydrataee [9036-37-7] activity in erythrocytes were recorded. J. Geisler 101: 176744p Evaluation of the exposure to benzene of gasoline loading dock worker* in n refinery. Buchet, J. P.; Van Eyken, J.; Lauwsrys, R. (Unite Toxicol. Ind. Med. Travail, Fee. Mad., 1200 Brussels, Belg.). Cah. Med. Trav. 1984, 21(1), 26-7 (Fr). Five methods of air sampling (4 passive diffuser* and 1 dynamic system) were used simultaneously to evaluate the benzene [71-43-2] comm, near the breathing ions of worker* loading g--"*-- into tank trucks at a rnfinary. The av. exposure during a work day was <1 ppm, with concn. peaks (30-min. samples) occasionally >6 ppm. The passive sample* furnished usable results, though with high precision not required for the low benzene exposures. The results do not permit the recommendation of any particular passive sampler, but if the remits of dynamic sampling ate taken as a ref., a statistical agreement for both short- and long-term sampling was obsd. with only one of the passive samplers tested. 101: 176745g Analysis of uranium urinalysis and in vivo measurement results from eleven participating uranium mills. Spitz, H. B.; Simpson, J. C.; Aldridge, T. L. (Battelle Pac. Northwest Lab., Richland, WA USA). Report 1984, PNL-4550; Order No, NIJREG/CR-2956, 62 pp. (Eng). Avail. NTIS. From