Document NGydv4E1b4MR2mzzxYe5MRnmp
THE IMPACT OF FUEL SWITCHING ON
ATMOSPHERIC S02 IN SOUTHEAST TEXAS
A One Day Symposium Presented By
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL ASSOCIATION (Gulf Coast Chapter) and
CITIZENS' ENVIRONMENTAL COALITION
Monday October 17, 1977
8:00 a.m. University of Houston Continuing Education Center
Symposium Chairman Dr. Aziz Siddlqi
PURPOSE OF THE SYMPOSIUM
Natural gas Is the current home he*ting end Industrie! fuel In Southeast Texes. This fuel Is free of sulfur end, ex e consequence, Its use hes resulted In relatively low atswspheric concentretlons of SO2 - even though there Is * Urge consuaptlon of fuel (primarily Industrial).
Currently, In the natlonel Interest, natural gas is being allocated to home heating; Its use as an Industrial fuel Is being curtailed. This allocation of natural gas will require that Industrial bolters and process heaters wtll be switched to other fuels. Since all other available fuels contain sulfur, the switch wilt result In an Increase In SO? emissions. These emissions will, eventually, result In an exceedance of the SO? Significant Deterioration and Ambient Air Standards.
In addition, the logistical problems for Industries to baekflt coal-handling equipment or fuel oil storage equipment are enormous. Also, Incorporation of the waste disposal areas for SOj-removat equipment may be Impractical along the crmded Houston Ship Channel.
A paradox arises because Houston citizens should not find themselves being 'legislated* Into an air quality problem with SOg when Congress, so obviously with the new Clean Air Act, Is trying to legislate Clean Air for everyone. Both citizens and representatives from Industries, confused about this para dox, are using this SyiposIu* as a forts* to discuss and analyze the problem and bring to 11#tt criteria for future decision making on this Issue.
Nationally recognized experts will. In the morning sessions, discuss basic concepts pertinent to the Issue and, then in the afternoon session, will participate In an open forts* discussion. This program contains some basic Information for reference.
John Hathorn
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SYMPOSIUM on
THE IMPACT OF FUEL SWITCHING ON ATMOSPHERIC SO2 IN SOUTHEAST, TEXAS
Monday, October 17, 1977 University of Houston
Continuing Education Center
Program 6:00 a.a. 6:30 a.a. 9:00 a.a.
9:IS a.a.
Registration
Uelcone and Introduction
Keynote Speech: Ms. Adlene Harrison. Afelnlstrator Environmental Protection Agency Region VI Dallas, Texas
Technical Session
Chalraan: Jia Tarr Texas Air Control Board Bellaire, Texas
SO; Health Effects: Ms. Judith A. Grahaa Health Effects Research Laboratory Envlronaental Protection Agency Research Triangle Part. North Carolina
SO; Ambient Air Quality: Or- Pete Roberts Texas Air Control Board Austin. Texas
SO2 Regulations: Hr. David J. Beck, Attorney Fulbrlght t Jaworski Houston, Texas
Coal Desulfurization: Professor Amir Attar University of Houston Houston. Texas
Flue Gas Desulfurization: Mr. John U. Tenini Atlantic Richfield Cangiany Houston, Texas
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12:00 Noon 1:30 p.m. 2:00 p.m.
5:00 p.m.
Lunch Speaker:
Hr. Kenneth R. Woodcock Assistant Associate Adrinlstrator for
Envlroimental Policy Federal Energy Administration Washington, 0. C.
Priorities and Values:
Professor Konstantin Kolenda Rice University Houston, Texas
Panel Discussion:
Moderator:
Mr. Kenneth W. Mackenzie Chief w
Air Pollution Control City of Houston
Panelists:
Mr. Allison Peirce 01 rector
Harris County Pollution Control
Mr. David Marrack, MO Sierra Club
Mr. Steve Naeve Houston Lighting A Power
And all Sveerasltm speakers
Symposium Ends
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APPLICABLE SULFUR OIOXIPE STAHOAROS
AMBIEHT AIR STAHHASPS FOR SO;
National and Texas Ambient Air Quality Standards [tg/ar*]
Primary Secondary
Annual 24-Hour
3-Hour
80 3fiSl -
1300'
-i. Federal Significant Deterioration Regulations fud/w^l (Prow Amended Clean
Air Actl
'
'
Annual
24-Hour 3-Hour
20
9) 512
Texas Standards fud/n^
30-Hln Harrts-Gelveston Counties Jefferson-Orange Counties All other counties
734 (.28 ppm) 838 (.32 ppm) 1048 (.40 ppm)
EH1SS10H STAHDARDS FOR SO;
Federal Hew Source Performance Standards
Fossil Fuel Fired Steam Generators
Liquid 080 lb/105 BTU heat Input
Solid
1.20 lb/10 8TU heat Input
Sulfuric Acid Plants
4.0 lb/ton produced
Primary Copper. Zinc, and Lead Smelters
Q.065X by volume
Texas Standards
Solid Fossil Fuel Fired Steam Generators 3.0 lb/106 BTU heat Input
Liquid Fossil Fuel Fired Steaai
Generators. Furnaces, or Heaters Sulfuric Acid Plants
440 ppm by volume Various-Effluent Flow Dependent
Nonferrous Smelters
Q.8X by volume
Thot to be exceeded more than once per year
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AMBIENT SULFUR DIOXIDE LEVELS IN HR DUALITY REGIONS OF TEXAS: 1974-1975
Region Location
Coneentratlon-uq/n 3
Kax
m nJ
Heffr
1 West Central
Z0
z1
Z High Plains
20
z0
3 Central Texas
0 0
00
t Rio Grande Valley 10
0
21
S South Coastal
288 0
29 13
6 Penatan Basin
36 0
zA
7 Houston-Galveston 707
0
26 26
B Dallas-Ft. Worth
79
0
26 9
9 South Texas
26 0
53
10 Southeast Coast
m
0
21 13
11 Trans Pecos
1,017
0
31 66
IE Northeast Texts
96
Concentration-ppm by vol ,
Max
Min*
Avg^
DeT*
Nonattalnnent Period Hours
0.001
0.000 0.001 0.001
0
0.000
0.000 0.001 0.000
0
0.000
0.000 0.000 0.000
0
0.004 0.110
0.000 0.000
0.001 0.011
0.001 0.00S
0 0
0.014 0.270
0.000 0.000
0.001 0.010
0.002 0.010
0 0
0.030
0.000 0.010 0.003
0
0.010
0.000 0.002 0.001
0
0.180 0.770
0.000
* 0.000
0.037 - 0.000
0.00B 0.012 0.002
0.005 0.025 0.003
0 0 0
Notes: t. Sulfur dioxide concentrations are one-hour average values. b. Sulfur dioxide concentrations are annual averages of one-hour average values. c. Hours exceeding 3 hour average concentration of 0.50 ppm by volume (1.300 u 9/*J)
from Reference 2
<=> C So u> O
co
TibW 9.7 *
MBJCCTQ IHCU$CS IN UNCONTlOUll SUlfUN OXtOIS EMISSIONS W tUCTlIC hMI flOCMTtO IN TtXAS: 1)71-1000
OMttfrtUa___ JET
ln cm
347.#74
1 ' CwtriliiH NkImi* >47,174
I Haiti* Air Quality 347,174
1 tfti Air Owftty
347,(74
4 Bit Nwimt
J
>47,(74 347,(74
( _ ,,~J l*l m 3U*4r4f *
>47,(74
7 Caaatrvtfwi Siftplj >47,(74
fiM Nmtrletai
>47,174
m Mfti n*tJi
ft. Lm <nM(A
347,174 347,(74
Salftir OlazM* &rttslM MU TOR* Mr Imp
two IMS -!W- lW
(19.442
1,492.207 3.494,90* 1,199,4ft
(91,920
2,119,131
(91.920
1,443.401
*91,920
1.7M,991
719,094
1,011.4M
174.179
i4f>,m
Ml ,910
709,(19 (47,44#
1,M4;400
(19.993
3,(74,411
(19,119
3.430,391
__ swtf
9.274.714 3.931,291 1,(8*.411
977,971 3,440,393 2,794,139
,.n.rw 3,214.13( (,431.93* 3.313,919
T*U *.*
fMjccuB unuKi tii cwmuu mw* oxton mission non tucnic
nw ttMMTIM III TIUS: U;,-BK
Sctiria 0--ertittoa ( lit# Cih 1 C--itralwi Mc1*r 2 , Haiti* Atr 0*1 tty 3 Nlfti Air Quality 4 CM MMUMt 9 loai 4ui)iTt ( #**( L**l tmiai ti ; CoHttrttmi Supply ( 111 NltHctM IN NffN (rwOt IL Lph Oravdt
-nmr~ 49,471 49,471 49,472 49,471 49,47* 49,47* 49,47* 49,47* 49,471 49,471 49,47*
Ulfar 0lilM Mill* MM - Tm, ULittw___ .JM.
101,393
212.991 404,097
219,910
9,4*1
391,023
*9,421
199,919
9.421
1(4,431
72,912
211,793
Si.Ml
209.Ml
(9.421
101,09
73,447
201.117
101,3TB
*41,949
101,449
914,799
-
101,310
m .0*4
*
- MB 471,011 940,997 703,(94
1,117 379,707 941.441 390,413 344,904 441,711 0*7,913 MI.Mt
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mucctc* wchcascs im uncomnuFfi suf duocs {MISSIONS rOH CUC1RIC W4U fiCHUMIQll III 1C IAS: 10/6 - ?06U.
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Rafarenca 1 : "Air Quality Impacts of Futura Elactric Povtr Generation in Texas; Cooper, Hal. B. H., at al. Paper 54, Session 54 at 83rd national Heating of tha Anar. Inst, of Chan. Eng.; Hard) 20-24. 1977.
Rafaranca 2
"Final Report on tha Provision* of Elactrlc Powar in Texas: Kay Usuas and Uncertainties; Volme II." Cantar for Enargy Studios, Univ. of Taxas at Austin for Governor's Enargy Advisory Council, Foracastlng and Policy Analysis Olvlslon. Contract No. 1AC-76-
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SYMPOSIUM COMMITTEE
Chairman Co-Chairman Publicity Arrangements Registration Printing & Finances
Dr. Aziz Siddiql (APCA) Mr. Jim Tarr (CEC) Ms. Marcia Tibbets (Sierra Club) Ms. Ann Hartley (CEC) Mr. Larry D. Killion (APCA) Mr. Bryant SI imp (APCA)
OFFICERS
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AIR POLLUTION CONTROL ASSOCIATION
Chairman Vice Chairman Secretary/Treasurer Director Director Director
Mr. John Hathorn Applied Meteorology, Inc.
Mr. Lloyd Stewart Texas Air Control Board
Mr. Bryant SI Imp ARCO Chemical
Mr. Norman Radford Vinson, Elkins
Dr. Harry Walker Monsanto
Dr. Aziz Siddiqi University of Houston
CITIZENS1 ENVIRONMENTAL COALITION
President
Vice President
Treasurer Secretary Coordinator
Mr. Robert A. Rowland, III Attorney
Mr. Grofvenor Blair Attorney
Mr. Jay Carr Certified Public Accountant
Ms. Laura Keever Ms. Ann Hartley
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