Document NGG1xMN3gkDmxBbLzj1EdG6Dy

a, o2qs ~ EDF EDF Energy Response Consultation on PFAS Restrictions proposed by ECHA September 2023 Reference: EDF-RESP-PFAS-001 Issue 01 CO EyPenton Pps PTASCorton 2029NOT PROTECTIVELY ARKE20D29 EOEvry 4 Al gs Resor. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnry Ls. Asin t Erneran o WoRogstrNdo 236652 Raton fc: 0 ssSoe LonWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFRESH PEAS01, Hau 1. Sepant20a23 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 _-- Page 1 of 19 Contents 1 introduction 3 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 3 2. OvervoifEeDwF Response. 4 2. Overview of EDF Response.......................................................................................... 4 3. CharacoftNUeCIErAriPOsWetI ics PaS..........orrr 3. Characteristics of Nuclear Power Plants.................................................................. 5 4. KeyDiscussionPoints and Recommendations. 6 4. Key Discussion Points and Recommendations ..................................................... 6 AppendiAx. HVACR. 8 Appendix A. HVACR............................................................................................................. 8 ALGRIIND, CREIUIISsors Appendix B. Elastomers.....................................................................................................10 APPENGiCX.. THEMOPIBSHCS rn 12 Appendix C. Thermoplastics ............................................................................................12 AppendiDx. Waste Management 1 Appendix D. Waste Management ................................................................................. 14 AppendiEx. SpareParts and PFAS `Use'. nT Appendix E. Spare Parts and PFAS `Use' .....................................................................17 ADDENGiFX. NUCNEIWEBAUrI... 18 Appendix F. Nuclear New Build......................................................................................18 EOFEnaryPoston Paps FFAS Constsion 2023 NOT PROTEMCARTKEID|V2E02L3EDYF Energy Li.AlsReser EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnaryLsRogar inEn and los.Resin i 366052.Ragtrodoc:50WildSt,LoodonWIT EZ. EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFRESP.PFOA0S1. 000, Septamber2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggee220otf1199 1. Introduction aEsDsFethsaasnbduiptroavnidiimnpgoretleacnttrircoiltey tinotmhiellUioKnsenoferhgoymmeasrkTeotdasyi,ncEeDtFheisetahrelyU2K'0s00la5rgtehsrtopurgohdtuhceerowonfeorswhicparofbomnajeolerctgreicnietry.atEiDnFg operates low carbon nuclear power stations and is building the first ofa new generation of nuclear plants. EDF is also one: of the UK's leading renewable energy companies, specialising in wind power, solr and battery storage technology. OitusrEurroloepeinandeplairvternienrgsatnradnsoipteironattihnegineenwercglyeaunseenaewragyy fgrenoemraftoisonfaueclrso.sLsoEwu-rcoapreboisnmpoorweercrgiteincealratthiaonnewvielrbaesatnheesUsKentainadl component in reaching the ambitious Ciimate Neutral and Net Zero targetsset by European nations, The crisis in Ukraine hnaatsioandsd.ed further pressure to energy networks across Europe, with capacity challenges being faced by leading European With such a wide range of existing generating sites and new clean energy projects under development, the proposed restrictions on the production, sale and use of PFAS products would have far-reaching impacts to EDF. This paper provides aRnenienwitaiballerse'sppornosjeecotns.biencaludoifngEDwFi'nsd,UKsoNluacrleaanrdbubsaitnteesrsy osntlyo.ragTeh.erTeheasree sfiigsnkisfiacraent biesikngofsettheouPtFASbyreEguurlaotpieoanntotrEaDdFe associations. The ECHA consultation on PFASis directly relevant to EDF's UK Nuclear business (hreater referred to as `EDF Eneray) dreusetritcot otuhre upsreodoufctEiUonsuapnpdlisearlse ooff vPaFrAiSoucsouslysdttehmesr,efcoormepiomnpeancttsoaunrdUcKoonpseurmaatbiloenss.. IThies aIcnktrnoodwulcetdiognedofthEaUt lleeggiissaattiioonn otno restrictiotnosthe use' of PEAS-containing products would not necessarily applyto EDF Energy. However, wehave included `comments on the proposed restricted use as it may help to buld ECHA's understanding of implications for the EU's nuciear power plants. EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. Reiseo 2366582. Foisrsdofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.0D1. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggee33ooft1s9 2. Overview of EDF Response uEnDdFeErnsetragnydainrgeopfrotvhiediinmgplaichaitgihovnlsevfeolrrenuscploenasreptoowtehre pplraonptso.seWderensotrtiecttihoanst,EwCitHhAthheadobijnedcitciavteeodfthhealtpitnhgetionfbuoirlmdataisohnaarnedd evidence relating to the energy sector was not particularly strong: we hope to address this in part. However, for reasons aountdienmeidssbieolnosw., EDF Energyare not currently able to provide detailed evidence on quantities relating to specific PFAS use EDF Energy are an `enduser' of PFAS products. Whit we have an awareness of products and components that are very uTinkdeleyrttaokceonntiatianlPaFcAtiSv,itwiees tnootiedentthiafty PPFFAASS-cqounatnatiintiinegs aprreodnuocttsatlhwraoysuglhabkeelylwedorodrscelaerarclhyesstoafteodurinprdoadtuacshtedetast.abWaseeshaanvde otfhrwohuaghtsseelexcpteicveterdevtioewbse oaf lsoanfegt-ytesrymstaectmisviTthyitsorfeuslplyounsnedeprrsetsaenndtstwhheaitmpwliecahtaivoensletaornEtDFtoEdnaetreg;yi'tsrenpurcelseaerntlsetehteabnedgifnuntiunrge nuclear projects. Our work to date has been structured into the following topics: 1 HVACR (including refrigerants, fiers and other components) 2 Elstomers focussing on seal) 3) Thermoplastics focussing on gaskets) 4 Waste management 5 Spares 6) Nuclear New uid A dedicated appendix on each of the six topics listed above s included, articulating the impact to our business operations fchraormacttehreisptriocpsoosfenducPlFeAarSproeswterirctpiloann.tsAhtheaatdexopflatihnestheearpepeanudiirceemse,ntwfeorhuasviengalPsFoASi,ncplluudesdsausmecmtaioronfythoautromuatilnincesomremleenvatnst Wnuecenaortefutehlat nTuhcelecahralploewnegersptloantthsewonuuclldeabrefduierlecstelcytaofrfehcatveed bbeyeannycaapdtvuerresde iwimtphaicntssutbomtihsesimoannsufbayctruelreivnagntannducsluepaprlyfuoefl companies and trade associations e.g. Nucleareurope). This EDF Energy response therefore does not include any discussion on nuciear fuel. EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. Al 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. Reiseo 2366582. Foisredofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOF RESP PEAS.OD, sun 0, Sotomber2025 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggeed4ootf 1s9 3. Characteristics of Nuclear Power Plants The points sted below provide some introductory information on Nuclear Power Plats (NPS) that provides important tchoantteaxrtetnoostufbasmeiqluaernwtitdhisNcPuPsss.ion on the implications of PFAS restrictions. We hope this provides useful context for readers 1 NPPs are thermal generation plants, utising the energy released from controlled nuclear reactions to produce steam This stearn is typically used to drive turbine-generator, which generates electricity 2 Ssitgundiifeiscahntalvyelsohwoerwnthtahnatfotshsei-cfaurelbopnanetmsi.ssViaornisoufsroEmurnoucpleeaanrpnaotwieornasrheavleosweetrotuhtanth(eoiurticnotemnptairoanbtloectoon)srternuecwtanbleews,NaPnPds 25 part of their efforts to decarbonise their electricity networks and heavy industry. 4 oNpPesrathearwnietshsinthhiasrsinhcrceodnidbilteioenns.erTghyesseoucrocnedibtyiuotnisinicnlgudteechhingohlotgeimepsertahtautrceosn,tparienssmuarnesy,mraodinagtiopnaratns,d sinotmerefaocfeswhwiicthh choirgrhodsiuvreabsiutbystoavnecrese.xtTheinsdeodpepreartiioodnasl environment wil have driven a need for components and materials that exert 4 There is typically an expectation for long lifetimes of plant tems, with most modern NPPs targeting 60 years of oupnedrearttiaokne arnefduebleiynognda.ndNePsssentwiialll msahiunttdeonwanncfeorbesfhoorret rpeetruirondisng(Lte.o fdualyspoowrewrefeokrs)lotnhgerroupgehroiuotdsiotfs ooppeerraattiioonna.l fe to 5 Aabsilptayrtofofstcrouncttuirneuse,dssyasfteemospearnatdiocnosmpoofnNePnPtss, otpoerpaetrofrosrsutchheirasclEaDiFmeEdnefrungcytimounss.t Thhaivseovfetreyn hiingvholvceosnfuinddeenrcteakiinntghae pinrvoolgvreasmrmuennoifng`qvuaarliifoiucsatitoens'tionng saanfdetyancarliytsiicaslocfomhpoownetnhtes.coAmpquoanleifnitcatpieornfporrmosgrinamtmhee risanofgteenofaelxepnegcttheydporpoecreastsiotnhaalt conditions. Radiological hazards are present on site, which operators are very experienced in managing safely. Our over-arching safety principles drive us to minimise th risk of exposure to operators by avoiding, or minimising, modifications and additonal maintenance to plant wherever possile. 7 The nuclear sector is heavily regulated. There are various mandatory licensing and permitting processes associated with 'NPPs, which will vary between countries but wil align with common international safety standards. These stringent regulations drive detaled. risk-based consideration of materials selection and provide strict controls on waste disposal. 5 The construction of new NPs are long-term projects, which require significant quantities of construction materials. working fids, cabling and equipment. The plant wil ultimately deliver substantial volumes of reliable low-carbon heat and power, resulting in the consumption of comparatively smal amounts of natural resources per TWh of electricity generated. At the end of the operational Ifetime of a NPP t wil enter defueing and decommissiring phases. There are varying sptrroacteeegidesat.toWhdeercoempmriascstiiocnabilnegaNnPdPss,afteyptiocadlolysod,efmiondeedrbnydtehceompmaicsesiaotnwihnigcshtrtahteegdiiessmwainltloifntgenansdeedketmoolrietcioovneracatinvditriee-s use material, minimising quantities sent for fina disposal. 1lToitsspEoOstFicounrpeanptelry coopnesriadteerss hgeenmerpaaticonotnuhceieaErDFpoUwKercpeasnsfwlieeht w3itfhortmhertpeomweNrPsPtarteifenrsinngatngbcoetshsgeednegrenaetriantgioann.d sThuhtdrorewenwniueemoplocwaeirons oth ciran rola foes tha nee ob corsoeed fo example our enkhment an wae restent 8 spel fois EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. o 2366582. Foisrsdofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOF RESP PEAS.OD, sun 0, Sotomber2025 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggee5soaft1s9 4. Key Discussion Points and Recommendations `GeneralComments 1. EreDsFtriEcnteirongsyoins stuhpepomratniuvfeacotfurtihneginatnedntusteo opfroPtFeAcSt. tWhee bnealtuiervael tehnivsimruosntmebnetbaanldanhcuedmawnithhetahlethcrtihtrcoalugmhisgsrieoantteor duencianrtbeonrdiesdectohneseeqnueerngcyessecttoort.heinlpouwr-scuaitrboofnCeinmeartgye sNeecuttorralthaantdcNoueltdZdeerloayamobuirticoonlsl.ecWtievemeuffsotrtisdetnotidfeycaarnbdonaivsoei.d 2. Care mustthereforebe taken to prevent the inadvertent loss of low-carbon generation from NPs through either s0afdeitsyr-urpetliaotnedofsyssutpepmlsyttooaccrictiocmalmocdoammtoedailttieernsatainvde cproomdpucotnse,ntthsatfrmoamytuhletimEaU.teolry r(ie)setxtiennmdiendimoaultcagheasngteotmootdoitfayl PAS emissions. 3. The ECHA proposal on PFAS restriction is expansive, covering a sigrificant quantity of chemical substancesthat fall within avery broad definition of PFAS, This i provingtobe challenging for EDFEnergy to meaningfully assess and `raensdpeonngdatgo.emAenmto,rewhsiecghretghaetneldeaadndtpohaapsperodparpiparteoarceshtrtioctaidoonpstbienignrgesitmrpiclteimoensntweodulTdhihsewloputlhde aqlusaoletnyaobflaesesneds-sumseenrts msuacnhagaes EnDeFwErneestrrgiyctitoonsh.aAvesemgorreegamteeadnianpgpfruolaachndcofuolcdusfsoecdusdiisnciutsisailoonsn wsiutbhstiatsncseuspptlhyatchaalirneaadyndhahvoewabsetsrtontgo evidence base for unacceptable environmental and health impacts. 4. `Wciotmhbirneastipoenctoftopetrhfeornmucalnecaer asnedctorre,fiatbhieltrye aiss PaPAlSasc.k oTfhealtienrcnuatmibveentsumbasttearnicaelss htahavte omfafnery tdheecasdaemseofespsrenotvieanl sEavteinsfiafctroerpylapceermfeonrtmamnacteeriinadlesmcaonudlidnbge, dhaezvaerldoopuesdeinnvairtoinmmeelnytsm.anTnheery, wtohuelsdetwhoeurledfobreebweitvheoruytditfhfiecuslatmteo rleepvlealcoef. provenance and robust testing, qualfication and certification as to existing PFAS materials. As a minimum, an extensive test programe to adequately demonstrate that nuclear safety is maintained could be required. 5. iTnhcelunduicnlgeasrecsteocrt-osrpeacpipilcierseqvueirryemheingths.safTehteysestparnodcaersdssestoenaslurpreotcheastsens,ewpraoncdeduusreeds maantderhiaalnsdldiongnaortrgainvgeemreisnktst.o `exposure to PFAS for either people or the wider environmen, for the essential applications that are used. The etmoislasnidofnisl.fArobmanNPorsaanryelhiemiatvatiiornesguilmaptoesdeadnodnontlhyeaussmealolf perssoepnotritailoncoomfpwoansetnetfsrcoomuolduradnvuecrlseealrysiitmepsaicstdinsupcolseeadr sianfreettyu-rsni.gnificant plant operations and maintenance, without delivering any clear reduction in environmental risk Derogations and Exemptions 6. There isa general need for increased exemption and derogation for the use of substances containing PFAS where qtuhaelrieficisatiaonn itmepsatcintg toofnaulctleeranratsiavfeetpyr-oredluacttesd oplnacnte. thTehyisharevceogbreiesens dtehveelnoepeedd taondundberrotuagkhet ctoompmraerhkeentsibvye wmhaneurfeacnoturseuirtsa.blAepaelrteirondatoifveT3e5xiysetasrsbumtatyhbeedearpopgraotpiroinapteerfioordtwhoeudledvenlootpamcecnotmomfondeawtepraodsuucbtsseqbuyemnatnquufaalcitfuicraetriso,n programme for nuclear safety applications. 7. Onourreraedviilyewavtaoidaabltee ahlatserindaetnitviefieexdisitnst,iaHlowpervoedru,cttsitshahtasconuoltd bpereesneantn oepxehraautsitoinvaelrreivskisewifarcersotsriscatleldsaitneds fIotriswlhiikcelhy that further essential products and components wil be identified as our review progresses. The main comments and recommendations on NPP exemptions and derogations to date are listed in the points 8 o 13 below. 8. cDoedroegsaptrioohnib5itstthaeteuss"ereoffrailgteerrannattsiviens"H,VAWChRi-setqwueipamgernete iwnitbhuitlhdeinpgesrwcheievreednianttieonntalofstafhestydesrtoagnadtairodns, tahnedwbourilddiinngg mbiegahmtennodteadde(oqruaatenleywcdoevreorgantuciloenadresfaifneetdy)-treoleaxtpeldicbiutillydainpgpsl.y EthDeFdEenreorggaytiroenctoomnmuecnledarthfaatcitihteesd.eirnocglautdiinogn sNPhPosu.ld 9. We recommend that 135 years would be a better length of time for a derogation associated with HEPA fiters upseerdfoartmNanPcPe.aTirhiasndderqougiadtiaopnplciocualtdiobnse ianpprladiieodlotgoicmaeldfiaaciftoirestahendusneucilnefairtrpaotwioenrapnldanstespaunrtaitli1o3n5meyedairasuasfteedrhEiFg.h EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. Reiseo 2366582. Foisrsdofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.001. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaiggee6sooft1s9 10. EfDrFomEtnheergPyFrAeSqrueessttrictthieonuss.eTohfisfrleucoorgonciasrebsotnhewietshsienntniuaclleraorlfthaeycpilaaiyrtinfeunlusclleeaxremspatfeetdy,-rweiltatheodutantdimeo-piemriattaitoinoanlsl.y critical systems on NPPs, with no obvious route to replacing thern 11. EpeOrFioEdneorfg1y3r5eyceaorms.meTnhidstrheactogtnhieseesssetnhteiaelssuesnetioalf FroVleMQthaeyndplAaFyLiAnSnuecliaesatromsearfiectys-eraellsatiesddearnodgoapteerdatfioornaallmyicnriitmicuaml systems on NPs and the time required to develop and quaify suitable alternatives. 12. aEsDsFumEpnteirogny stuhpatpoPrTtFtEhereemxacliunssio"noforlofwullceoxnecmeprtni"ofnoolfowPiTnFgE tfhore irnedmusotvrailaloufsehsarfmrfouml tPhFeAESCsHuAbsrteastnrciecstio(nesg,. oPnFOtAh.e PFOS) from the manufacturing process. 13. cLoubnrfiicramnetds wuhseetdhienrsaafletteyrncartiitvceaslwsoyusltdembseraveailliblley.aAfsfeactmeidbniymtuhmetphreop1o3s:5aly,eabrustdaetrothgiastitoinmefoErDlFubErniecrangtyshianvhearnsoht conditions' would need to apply to NPPs to cover the quafication and implementation of avaiable alternatives. Restrictions on Use and Spares 14. EDF Energy recommend that NPs (and other critical low-carbon energy generation sites) are exempt from trehsattrircetsitornisctoionns"ufsoec"uosfoensstehnetimalanPuFfAaSc-tcuornitnaginainndg sparloedoufctPsFAiS ocrodnetraitnoinegnspurroeduscetcsur,iatyndofnosunp-pelsys.enWtiealwuosuelsd. adhise: 15. lItegiisslaitmiopno,rtsaontfarthaats ipslparnancetdicalbolwe-,caanrbdonthaetnetrhgey bpernoejfeicttssfarroem prreopltieccatteidonfarnodm ltehaerniunngcebrteatiwneteynofproijmepcetnsdicnagn c`oonntNiPnusesthooubledreeqaluiasleldy. apInplsyuptpootrhteocfonthsitsr,utchteionne,coepsesraartyieonxeamnpdtidoencsomamnidssdeiroongiantgisotnasgiedsenotfiftiheedsftoatieosnsse'ntfieaclyculsee.s WasteManagement 16. Rraedcioogarcitsiivnegwtahsattettywpiels.beit vwielrlybcehailmlpeonrgtianngttfoournsdteerotpaekreastuobrsstaontibaelasbalmeptionmgaaknedrtiesskt-ibnagseodfabsostuhmpcotnivoennstrieognaarldainndg PIaFbAelSincgo.ntTehnetpwriotvhiisniownaosftePFtAySp-erslathtaetddcoonncoetntbreanteifointsfmruosmthbiestiomrpirroevceodrd(esg.orstcaletaerd pwritohdiunctallPdFaAtSa csohneceetns)traattitohne earliest opportunity. 17. aWbaosvteeomrabnealgoewmtehnetPfaFcAiSitceosnacrenetrinattihoenbleismitt.poCslietairongutiosdeagnrceegmautsetsibmeiparrotvyipdeesdo(fawnadsstuepaprotirctleedsbtyhartoabruestpoetveindteinaclel)y oinncitnheerattyipoenscoafpadceisttyr.uction required. noting the associated higher cost and limited avaiabiity of high temperature 18. tPoropraodsieodacPtFivAeS wwaasstteemamnaangageemmeenntt.regpurleavtieonntsinngeetdhteo cbreeaitmipolnemoefnt"eodrwpihtahnfulrlacdoinosaicdteivreatiwoanstofesanyanidmplaivcoaitdiionngs unnecessary risk from radiological hazards to workers. Detailed guidance and clear governing principles will be: needed on the management of PFAS within radioactive waste streams. EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. Reiseo 2366582. Foisrsdofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOF RESPPEAS.OD, sun 0, Sotomber2025 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggeeT7ootf 19 Appendix A. HVACR The following main areas of risk have emerged for the HVACR: -~ Refrigerants used within HVACR systems (and nonHVAC refrigeration systems) at stations. -~ HEPA Fiters and Air Supply Fiters -~ Components within a HVACR system that have PFAS containing components. These are discussed within the separate subsections below. ARlefrigerants The EDF Energy nuclear leet currently utiises HVACR products from EU supplies. If ECHA PFAS regulations result in the banning of refrigerants currently imported by EDF Enerdy. the main issues that would arise are: 1. Introducing alternative refrigerants into a NPP is a time-consuming process because of the rigour of the plant modification and qualification processes used to ensure that safety is asured. 2. There is a possibilty that in some locations, a change to use non-PFAS containing refrigerant may require plant thats larger (to maintain the same functional performance) than the avaiable space that houses the existing pant. 3. dInoisncgensaorioashewahderoef iittsislipfheyseixcpailrlyy ppootsesnitbilaelltyoirnecpulrascea tghreeaHtVerACeRnviplraonntmetnotaalcciosmbmeonedfaittewalhteenrnactoimveparerferdigetroantths,e ernevsiorurocnemsenttoalrbepelnaecfeitwgoarikniendgfpraontm.removing the PEAS refrigerant. Thisis because ofthe consumption of additonal There are already a number of proposed derogations in Annex XV that potentially could apply to aspects of NPP HVACR plant. as follows: -~ Sg. refrigerants in laboratory test and measurement equipment unti 135 years after EF; - ~ si. maintenance and refiling of existing HVACR equipment put on the market before [18 months after EF] and for which no drop-in alternative exist unti 135 years after EF; - ~ sj refrigerants in HVACRequipment in buildings where national safety standards and building codes prohibit the use of alternatives: -~ 5. insulating gases in highvvoltage switchgear (above 145 kV) unti 6.5years after IF; Potentially the challenges of points (1) and (2) above are recognised in Derogation 5 that's if NPP safety-related buildings are considered "buiings where national safety standards and building codes prohibit the use of alternatives". Wburiildsitngws.eAasgraemeiwniitmhumt,hecplearricfeiicvateidoninitsneneteodfedderoongahtoiwonn5a.titohnealwosrafdeitnygsmtiagnhdtarndost iasddeeqfuianteedlywictohvienrtnhuecplreoaprossaalf.ety-related This concern i raised because relevant safety standards may not explicitly prohibit" the use of aternatives, however the requirement to implement alternatives may directly contravene nuclear safety principles set out n international standards, wniatthiionnatlhneuUcKl.ewahrircehguwlialtlionnost, enxupclilceiatrlyspirteohiicbeitnsaelsteorfnantiuvceiaprrodsuacftest,y craesceosg.niTsihnsg stcheantaerfifoecatpipvleiessafoetythreegunluactlieoanr orfetgeunlasteieoknss to avoid detailed and prescriptive rules. However, it would be unacceptable to allow a reduced performance of safety rneolactleedarsryesdtuecmtsioInt sinarlissko. not practicable to Mody the structures and systems to accommodate larger HVACR plant with EDF Energy recommend that either () a new time unlimited derogation is included that explicitly covers buidings on nuciear facies, that have a nuclear safety-related function; or (7) the wording of Derogation 5 is updated to comprehensively cover any nuclear safety-related buidings. t2NoNoroteteemattihhnaattcoUUnKKsinnsuutceclnleetaawrriiitnnhdduuEssCttHrryyAttcyyoppniisccuaalllltyyatuuissoeenttdhhoeecaauccmrreoonntnysym,m b``HuHtVVAAtChC'e' rrtaaettrhhmeesrrattrhheaannta`HHkVeVAnACtCRoR,b'.eTThihinissterrreecpphooarrnttgeuuassbeelssett.hhee tteerrmm HHVVAACCRR iinn oorrddeerr to remain consistent with ECHA consultation documents, but the terms are taken to be interchangeable. EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnt 1s Rogtrdin Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde50Wits Stet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ COF-RFEASS0P, se1. Sepnir2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaiggee8aooft1s9 For larity, EDF Energy are pot proposing that ll HVACR systems at NPPs that us refrigerants should be within the scope of a derogation. For example, we are not proposing to include the air conditioning within administrative offices by the wdeirtohgamtoidoinf.yiTnghethfeosceusswyosutelmdsbe on those which provide nuclear safety functions, due to the additional difficulty associated A2HEPA Filters There is a proposed derogation in Annex XVfo fitrs which states: oSer. ptreoxfteislseisofnoarltsheettuisngesinthfittrraetqiouniaranedcsoempbairnaattiioonnmoefdwiaatuesredanindhoiilghreppeerllfeonrcmeaunncteiai65yaenadrlsiqaifdtearppElFi:cations in industrial tEhDeFPEFnAeSrgcyheismaicwaalrefroofmontghoeimngedwioarskcwhietmhiisntrayn. exOisutrinugnHdeErPsAtafnidteirngmesditahsauptphleiePrFtAoSEcDhFemEincearlayissunsuecdletaor pflreoetv,itdoaerewmaotveer: repelience property to the media Prior to use within NPs, HEPA fiters any reformulation of the fiter media needs to be robustly validated. A duration of 65 years might not be long enough to develop replacements and complete the necessary ualfication tests and aatssreasdisomleongitcsalrefqauciirletdi.esEaDnFdEnNePrasyi'sstuhnedsearsmteaancdrionsgssmtuhcaht tohfetHhEePwAorflid.erTmheisclparoubsleedministfhaerHwiVdAeCrRtehxatnrjaucsttdaisccohnasrigdeerfaitttieorns for EDF Energy's UK nuclear power plants fEaDciFliEtnees.rgTyhirsedceormomgeatnidonthcaotu1l3:d5 byeeaarpsplwioeudldtobe`maedbieattfeorrltehnegthusoef itnimfeilftroartaiondearnodgasteipoanraastsioocniamteeddiwaituhsenduchliegahr pieFrformance air and liquid applications in radiological faciites and nuclear power stations until 135 years after uEsDeFdEinnefrigltyrahtaiovne. proposed to use the word mediainstead of textile, because media can include textiles and other materials A3Other HVACRFilters EDF Energy have not been able to confirm whether PFAS is used within fiters on theai supply side of HVACR systems across our NPPs. We suspect this i the case and therefor these products could be affected by ECHA PFAS legisation. As these air supply side fites are not typically safety related, the impact would ikey be smaller than with HEPA fits and therefore we have no comments to provide to ECHA at this time. C4 ompowitnhine2HVnACstystsem EDF Energy beleve there wil be PFAS within many other HVACR components, especially within compressors. The main threat seems to be to the PTFE components. in their various forms (gin gass-iled etc). EDF Energy have not yet identified components that are directly related to nuclear safety and would need to be addressed wiidetnhtaifyseecssteonrt-isaplecHiVfAcCdRercogoamtpioonn.entWsetahnatticcaipnantoettbhaetrteahdeilwyirdeeprlaHcVedA.CR industry and supply chain will undertake work to EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOF Ent 1s Rogtrdin Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde50Wits Stet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.0D1. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ragesctis Page 9 of 19 GAepnpeeranld,ixflBu.orEolpaosltyomamereesrsutiised for the retention of ther unique combination of properties at elevated temperature. Tris section discusses elastomeric seals identified by EDF Energy as the primary use of PFAS-containing elastomers BA Seals fUunodreorelmaastnoymecrisr,cuVmisttoannc(eFsRMt)heflcuhroiccaerbofonmsataerrieaulsweidll ebxeteanscivoemlpyrtohmriosueghaonudt wtilhledEeDpFenEdneorngythfeleedt.etaTlhseofreoapseornatfioorn.thFiofsr feolrevtahteeidr treemsipsetraantcuerteo cherical attack. good dynamic sealing application performance as well as good performance at Of the principal elastomers in use for seals. 4 out of 5 of the best performing high temperature materials are PFAS astuebsntoanacletser(nhaitgihvleisgthotePdErAeSdeilnaFsitgoumreer1sb(enlootwi]n.g tFhoer rdeylnataimvielcysweeaalikngdyapnpalmiiccatpieonrsfoatrmealnecvaetoefd stieimcpoenreartuubrbeesr)> 200C. there Temperature RangeforCommen Elastomeric Materials I--Fa ora--Ra--o --r--E | in fo. ct 0 ui != [T [L i wn i no bcyThope uriaor rdersto aootoron 0n)|. nn | Crocponiti 1 | un crise ou |. mg un |CisionPopiosDens Be EPDM Tm FcosconsRubou FIFO | nn) [er------ I a ni wm n | --e -- --e ---- -- e ---- 1 11 Fem ww wm wm Ww me wm we ww ew wm TemperatuCre tomarcommddmpontroranoe. MMMExosedtraongnebrpshaoratotm nri. FCFioigrgupuroerreat1i1 o--n,TTeemmCplpeeervreaaltatunurdre,e RROaaHnn.ggee f(fo2o0rr0CCoommmmoonn EEllaassttoommeerriicc MMaatteerriiaall,s, ffrroomm PPaarkrekrer OO--RRinigngHHanadndbbooookk OORRDDS5770000.. PPaarrkkeerr HHaannnneeffiinn Corporation, Cleveland, OH. (2007) Ttehmepsepreactiufrieeds fWoirtmhulnao"iDamimseyd"iVaitteonalEteGrOnCatiivetthoe Vointloynvifaobrlme acnayndsiedaaltiengmaaptpelriicaaltifoonrs.daynnaemxitcensdeeadinpgeraippoldi(ciae.tidoencsadatese)lewvoautledd wobeulredqauliorwed ffoorr tphreodnuucctledaervseelcotpomrentto,ptievsottitnogaanndefwullmaqtuearliifailcactliaosns tprhiaotrctooulidmpolfefmeerntcaotmipoanr.able performance. This period EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Consiatn 2020 NOT PROTENCARTKEID |V2E02L0EYOFEvry La. Al 3s Reseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EDFEnero LsRor nEnan Wds. RepsNto2r30a60d2. Roadoc:90 Wate So,Loni WT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.0D1. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ------ Page 10 of 19 Hiogwemvaern,ceED. ETnhearpgrhyooponsoatlcornsoimderECHkAelShtehraetfarnethSearrfacsatnotmyerretdyupcecs tuhe fopeaathoenaslamceapaebilnoy hoifg.hmtaemmpereantiunrge Sopicatons. potently red.ing comport longest sn SaTsacton performance. withno cescompensatory bene EDF Energy recommend he use of fluorocarbons within nuclear facies ar fully exempted, without tie loipmeirtaattiionosn,alfrcomitrhesPysAtSemrseostnriNctPioPns.WiTthihsnroewcogunissesrotuhteee0ssenrteipaalcirnolgetthheeymplay in nuclear safety-related and oCcfthhreaessFppAalScaetlitsotnnso.amePrEsAtSoaVitonoaresusaeed ersostEnDFeEnehrgay uVicot. hstte, raahpaews PaTvaelneecbeelsowa,tWdhtitetshessgfopricvtironss Fluorocarbon(FKM) ihoTpeemrpeireasture Oncner,otoioanr(hsFXa) ayhexncmelaeant rlestoreto fhgah aammpaerneasnomoany,|| SpSer ZHtempCers I GPaHs pceormmpeoaubnittyyeekyaowraeseis0ttrahnttoof by0rubboer,sSpc|pwiehcsthaorneysite Forosicons FVM) | ea5FVaMMQrGi.coon1ftaf1ine0s3ttyrdcifshlPulAourEok)pp.rrFopaoBygoloaawgoreekosru,aepsvVe1nerxQyt tSoartrheehmspreotrShoGyhvlooegsrnooufpRdesa.lbaTenhre | Up to 77C ra. we erfcrocstomer | etarmtpoaraonothesaonmgeer, ih(e mXaMt ccuormepnrtelhyenoffercshathmealhicgohmepstatoperaatinng | up 10320. (FRM) the lowest off-gassing and extractable levels of any rubber material Io PTorBs = BE |nis ctsetsp 2moacmnopcaetmarexreolfotnttartoorsostweinleaOrFg)ha1rpiroeplnse|| LL Hm ein Table 1 - EDF Energy identified PFAS chemicals within seals. EOF Energy recommend th use FYING and AFLAS dstomerc sels derogated for 3 minimum period of 155 `years. This recognises the essential role they play in nuclear safety-related and operationally critical systems on NPs and the time requiredto develop and qualify suitable alternatives. orto PFPA Corr AT RTE AES 8 5 re eS EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. or yo poesipavaes A .Spotto oO ot i8 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ Tron ae3 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ronan Page 11 of 19 Appendix C. Thermoplastics CGF1oar sgakskeettss, the PPAS material that would present the biggest operational ris. restricted by ECHA, is PTFE, whichis used extensively throughout fleet. EDF Energy observations on the use of PTFE for gaskets on NPPsare: 1. The most commonly avaiable thermoplastic gasket materia is PTF. It canbesupplied as an expanded flexible tape that consolidates to a convenient gasket and i becoming more widely accepted for large components subjected tolight uty 2. Different gasket materials have ther specusiefcaisecs across EDF Eneray site. with PTFE-based gaskets being the preferred material of choice for many applications. This i determined by the inherent strengths and limitations offered 3. Across EDF Energy sites PTFE s most commonly used in aggressive chemical applications or with corrosive media. 4. The filer materiailns spiral woundgasketsae typical expanded graphite,PTFE or mica, Graphite can seal better, but at the higher temperatures long term oddationis a imiting factor to overall gasket Ife. 5. For gaskets cut from sheets, best practice aways advises using the thinnest material that the flange arrangement willallow, but thick enough to compensate for unevenness of the flange surfaces. The thinner the gasketthehigher the compressive force the gasket can withstand. PTFEcantypical often offer the thinnest gasket material, thereby offering improved sealing integrity. 6. If flanges are damaged or warped; and remachining is not possible, it is necessary to fit a gasket that can accommodate the imperfections. Graphite laminorastofet PTFEgasketsare usually the best options, provided they are used within their ratings. rEeDpFlaEcneedrgwyitphosiftunodnaimsetnhtaatlPlTyFdEifofffeerresntuanlitqeurenatbievneesfit(esgt.o dmeeltiavleircesosrentgiraalphfiuntcetigoanss.ketCse)rtadiuneutseostwhiethispnecNiPfPics cfuanncntoitonbael: trheeqrumiorpelmaesnttisc.s. ItEDisFEEDnFerEanyeragrye'scoanssscuimoputsitohnatthPaTtFaEnyis rjeupdlgaecdemteonbtetoofPTlFoEw wcoounlcdernth'erraeifsoirnge tlihkeelyqubeestwiiotnhoanltwehrenatthievre ernepvliarcoinnmgenPtTaFlEbgeanskeeft products with alternatives that sit outside of the current PFAS definition, would result in any net WofhfielrsetdthbeyirPTuFsEeiosnlikNelPy sto pbreeseessnetnstiaanl eelssseenwthiealreawnidthsianfetthye-creinteircaglyaspepcltiocrataionnd.otthiesraicnkdunsotwrilees.dged that the functionality rEeDsFtriEcnteirongsy, woonultdhethaesrseufmorpetisounpptohratt tPhTeFEexcrleumsaiionnsor"offullloewxecmopnticoenrnoffoPlTlFoEwifnogr tinhdeusrtreimaolvaulsesoffrhoamrmtfhuel EPCFHASA substances (e.g. PFOA, PFOS) from the manufacturing process. Imfarneutfaaicnteudrewritshtion dtehveelEoCpHaAndresbtrriincgtieoqnusi,vtalheenntaprtoidmuec-tbsasteodmadrekreotg;atainodn(s)haousludbsbeequaepnpltipeedrithoadtofcosnesviedrearlsye(a)rtshe(mtiinmiemufmo)r for operators within the nuclear sector to ful qual thealternative and implement nuciear safety case updates. EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTENCARTKEID |V2E02L0EYOFEvryLa. Al 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnt 1s Rotor Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde50Wits Stet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.0D1. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 I Page 12 of 19 CFS2olmueorPFoPuEbarnidcPaTFnEttshickened greases are known to be used, but have not been assessed in terms of their roles and the amvaarlkaebti,ltayndofthaletnerqnuaatliivfeys.anAdsuafpfpircoiveentfotrimues-ebaosnedNPdPesr.ogEaDtFioEnnweorguyldacbkenonweleeddegdettohceovperroptohseepdedreiroodgraetqiuoinrefodrtloubbrriicnagntts,o but need more time to consider the sufficiency of it: "Lubricants where the use takes place under harsh conctions of is necessary for safe functioning and equipment safety (unt 135 years after entry nto force" dAesraogmaitniiomnsumintitenits.ily that EDF Energy would hope toseegreater clarity that the essential uses on NPPs fal within the Ci3n aOdtdihteironCtoomPpToFnEegnastkests, there are other thermoplastic PFAS materials and applications that are important to NPP 1op0ecroantifoinr.m btuhtetahcetsueaalrreisketxopeccontteidntuoebdeNPmPucopherlaotwioenr.in number and use. A more detailedassessmentwould be required Other known PTEE applications Plant items on NPPsthatuse PTFE include (out are not imited to} + electrical wire insulation due to good electric properties: + bushing, bearings, coatings, etc. due to goodlowfriction properties + threaded fastener tape for seaing applications. Other(non-PTFE)Thermoplastics Thereare othermaterialssuch as PCTFE, ECTFE, PFA, that are used across the fleet. For example, PCTFE (Kek) iused for VtahlavteofSePaTtFsE.for Equipment Qualified tems. However, the extent of use of other thermoplastic PFAS isignificantly less than EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTECTIVELYNARKED | 2020 EOF EvryLa. Al 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. Reiseo 2366582. Foisrsdofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOF RESPPEAS.OD, sun 0, Sotomber2025 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 PPaaggee 3130o1f1199 Appendix D. Waste Management TtrheeatceodnstuoitadteisotnrooyntthheePEFCASHAcopnrtoepnotsaalntdo prreestvreinctt PemFiAsSsioinnsc.ludTehsetEheCHeAnd-coonfsluilfteaptihoansealasnodrehcoowgniassseoscitahteedpowteansttieasl afroer ciomnpcaecnttsraotnionthleimitwsa.stWeheirnedausstrpyrevcioonucserAnpipnegnditcheestheacvherihciolghlaingdhteedctohneomriiscks fferaosmbislutpyployfofimpprloedmuecnttsifnrgomthEeU tporotphoesUeKd nuclear feet this topic may have less direct impact on UK operations. However, we have summarised our views on the tEoupriocpbeealnoNwPwPisthantdhewihdoepreitnhduasttroyu:r observations may be helpful to ECHA and identify risks that could equally apply across D1 Identification of PEAS within conventional wastes vFeorryefifmeictteivdelwaabseltiengmaonfaPgFemAencotnotaianretdicwlietthhienyinn eperdodtuoctbse,eaasnidlytdeestnitnigiaalbllweaastceonatraticnkinsgfPoFrASP.FAHSowievneort, ptrhaecrteiciasbcluerrTehnet assessment of the presence of PFAS within waste, particulary with aged articles, s very difficult. TcohneveEnDtiFo-noawlnaenddUrKadisotaacttiiovnes wwaesrteespfrreodmomthiensaenttatbiuiolntsiwnilthceon1t9ai7n0sPFaAnSd i19v8a0rsy.inIgt ccoanncebnetraatsisounsm.edFulthartecsorodmseofofwhtahte may or may not contain PFAS within these legacy wastes, and at what concentration, are not avaiable. Developing cthoempirsekhreencsitvieownaasctheiesvaemdp.liCnrgitimceatlhlyodtohleorgeiaepsp,etaersstitnog baendfmiintteedrptreesttaitnigonlaobforraetsotryscsapeaxcpietnysiavvea,iaabnidedtiospErDoFpoErnteiraoyn.ate to EDF Energy will therefore need to make isk-based judgements and assumptions regarding the presence of PFAS within ts wastes. For example.if manufactured priortocertain date then assumePFASconcentrations wilbe above the mit. Ariskbased approach to identification would need obe confirmedbyregulatoars acceptable. This issue is likey to be prevalent across international NPs, noting the relatively high typical age of operating nuclear reactors (see Figure 2 below) Operational Reactors by Age 5 33s H Figure 2 - Age (in years) of current international operational nuclear reactors Robust guidance is aso required to support industry with the identification and classification of high-isk articles, and the appropriate waste management strategies to be applied. The Waste from Electrical and Eiectronic Equipment (WEEE) gouuitdcaonmceeoifseoxinseteixngamWpElEeEogfutihdeangcueicdaanncestnileeddreivde.cEoDnsFerEvnaetrigvyewdeocuilsdiownemlackoimneg ftuoretnhesrurdeetcaoimlsplwiiathnicnenwietwhgrueigdualnacteio,nsa.sTtihse means opporturities associated with the circular economy are lost. D2 Identification of PFAS within radioactive wastes Similarly for radioactive wastes, characterisation of PFAS is unkely to be straightforward because Materia Safety Data Sheets or supplier information will not always state PFAS concentrations. Waste articles and waste from decommissioning orretiredplant components wilbeeven more challenging to determine PFAS concentrations. Aparticular concern for EDF C07Eng Posion Pape PFAS Consteton 223NOT PROTEMGARTKEID V2E23LEDYF nyis Ags Rar. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnt 1s Rogtrdin Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde50Wits Stet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ COF-RESP FAS 0, se1. Sepnir2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 Page Page tot 14 of 19 tEhneeragvyaiiliafblaenryesloeguirscleatifvoer clhaabonrgaelteorayd-sbtaosedmocrhaeraacrtdeuroiusasttieosntoifngrardeiqouaicrteimveenstasmfpolresPFisAaSlrien ardaydsieovaecrtievley wcaosntset.raTihinedi.sbIetcwaouusled: be particularly useful for radioactive waste if there could be a set of standard assumptions to apply to, particulrly with tleesgtaicnygwaste items, with regards to iely PFAS concentrations and quantities that would reduce the requirements for arnegdarrdaidnigoacPtFiAvSe wcaosntteenttypweist,hiitn wwilalstbee itmyppoersttahnattfdoro sniotet obpeenreaftiotrfsrtoombheisatborliectroemcoarkdes roirskc-lbeaasredpraosdsuucmtptPiFoAnSs concentration labelling. DT3reatofmPFeASwnastte TwhaesrteeswiwlitnheePdFAtSo bcoenwcaensttreatmiaonnasgaebmoevnettpheermliimtitt.inTghcehadunaglescatsosieincaabtlieonspeocfiawlaissttewaasrttieclmeasnaasgmeimxeendthfaazcairidtoeusstoanpdroncoers-s ihdaezntairfdieodu.s cEoDuFldEnalelrogwy ictontosibdeerstehnattfwoarsftuertmhaernaigdeenmtiefnictatfiaocniittoesalalroew itnhethceorbreescttpwosaisttieonmtaonaseggermeegnattetseicmhilnairquteypteos boef waste articles that are potentially above or below the PFAS concentration limit. These facilties should then divert recoverable waste below the concentration limit for destruction, with its associated higher transport and disposal costs. EDF Eneray also seek evidence that supports this consultation that the long-term disposal routes are effective for the diensdtursutrcytisoenekosfthoamrmofvuelwPaEsAtSe suupbstthaencweass.teWehiehraarvcehyo,bsEeDrFveEdnecrhgaynrgeeqsueisnttthheatdicslpeoasralguainddancreeciosvperroyvirdoeudteosnftorhewtaysptees oafs destruction required, noting the associated higher cost and limited availabilotfy high temperature incineration capt. Wpoatsetnteiamllaynaabgoevmeenotr bfeacliolwtietshearPeFAiSn tchoencebnetsrtatpioosintiliomnit.toClseeagrregguaitdeansciemimlaursttybpeesproofviwdaesdte(aanrdtisculepspotrhtaetdabrye orfobhuisgthetveimdpeenrcae)tuorne tihnecitnyepraetsioonf cdaepsatcriutyc.tion required, noting the associated higher cost and limited availabilty Within the UK, radioactive waste has to meet the hazardous Waste Acceptance Criteria WAC) of radioactive disposal facies permitted landfil sites and high temperature incinerators. For instance. the UK's Low Level Waste Repository (HaWzRar)doWusACWasretceuiirfetsheiynfworemraetinoontodneetmheedletvoelsbeofrahdaizoaacrtdiovueswcasotme"p.oneTnhtesifnotrrowdaucsttieosn "otfhaPtFwAoSurledstrbiectciaontsegsorliiskeeldy atso necessitate changes to the WACs applied by these facites and could impact the acceptabilty of certain waste streams. Industry will require an explanatory note or guidance to carfy tis relationship. An area of particular uncertainty i the abilty to dispose decommissioning waste to landfil In 2022. nly 249% of EDF Energy's entire conventional waste wes sent to landfil highlighting the use of controlled and specialist disposal routes adopted by NPPs. As EDF Eneray's stations progress through the decommissioning phase, an increased quantity of bulky odfecPoFmAmSiswsaisotneinmgawnaasgteemseengt. rferstormicstiitoendseprmeaveinnts)baortehkreel-utsoe gofomtaotelrainadls,aunndeslasndtfhielyicsapnosbaelroef-ubsueldk.yIfdtehceomimnitsrosdiuocntiinogn wspaesctieasli,stitdcisopuolsdaldrriovuetesb.ehaviours contrary to the policy intent of minimising radioactive waste volumes consigned to The majority of EDF Energy's operational radioactive waste willbe incinerated(649% of radioactive waste from EDF Energy Stations in 2022was incinerated) thus destroying the PFAS contentasa result of the preferred isposal option in any case. However, the proposals should take care to prevent the creation of undisposable" or "orphan" radioactive wastes whereby wthaesitrerardoiuotaecst,ivsiutychia1s00nehairghsutrofbaeceidnicsipnoesraal.tedInbruetcothgeniirtiPoFnAoSfctohnicsenritsrkatitiomnays tboeomiogrhefhoerlpafcucletpotabnrciengtoraodtihoearctriavdeiowaacsttievse eoxcpcluircritilnyg.into the scope of the PFAS restrictions and then to make a suitable provision that would prevent this scenario EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTENCARTKEID |V2E02L0EYOFEvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEneroLs opie i EpaWks. o 2366582. Foisredofc:50WitsS1o, LondenWIT462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFREShPPAS 00, Hoo O, S2ep 023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 I Page 15 of 19 Radioactive waste management requires stable disposal routes with relatively constant WAC. This is critical for decommissioning retired nuclear power stations as the decommissioning strategy and waste management approaches are planned years in advance of waste generation. I this consultation results in significant changes to current WAC for radioactive waste disposal partners, this oui result in: + Aneed to repack and segregate waste- incurring addtional risk to staff. + Aprongeerdamtmoe cdehlaanygseantdhecosptlainncnreedasewsa.ste management approach for decommissioning - incurring significant + An increase in accumulated waste on nuclear sites fit becomes nor-isposable eg, if the actity i too high for incineration and PFAS concentration too high for other radioactive waste management routes, Itis not clear how follow-on restrictions wil impact the WAC for radioactive waste disposals, however significant changes could cause problems for nuclear operators. PtoroproadsieodacPtFiAvSe wwaasstteemamnaanaggeemmeennttr.egpurleavteionntsinngeetdhteo bcreeiatmipolnemoefnt"eodrpwhiatnh"fulrlacdoinosaicdteivreatiwoansotfesanyanidmplaivcoaitdiionngs unneneedceedssoanrtyhreismkafnraogmermaedinotloogficPaFlAhSazwaitrhdisntroadwioorakcetrisv.e wDaestatielsetdrgeuaimds.ance and clear governing principles wil be: EOF Energy Poston Paper -PPAS Constiatn 2020NOT PROTENCARTKEID |V2E02L0EYOFEvryLa. A 3sReseed. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOF Ent 1s Rogtrdin Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde:50WitStet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EDFRESPPAS.001. 0m. September2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ----_-- Page 16 of 19 Appendix E. Spare Parts and PFAS `Use' The restriction on the use' of PFAS-containing materials has been a point of uncertainty during our review. We note that tprheemcaotnusruelltyatiinonreQspEoAnsreesEpCoHnAserseshtarviceticolnarsiffioeldowthiantg itnh-eseirvFiceEDcFomEpnoenrgeyntsstrwonogullydstuptpohratvsetitos bimeporretmaonvtedclafrirfoimcatsieonr.viacse any requirement to replace products and components before their end of fe would result in greater waste and present additonal unnecessary risksto ste workers. bityhtahsebpereonpocsoendfilremgiesdlabtiyonE. CWHrAitthatthteh"euhseo"ldaisnpgeactndoftrtahnesfEeCrrHiAnglesgpsairaetsioonf wPoFuAlSd-cnoonttadiinreicntglymaaftfeercitalEsDwFouElnedrgbye'sreUsKtrsiictteesd. we have briefly shared our views on the topic below, in the interest of providing helpfulcontexton NPPs. Taondmirteisgeartveesthoefiaskraonfgpelaonftporrodcuocmtpsonaendntcofmaproenesnrtess.ulTthinegreiniesxatneenxdpeedctpaetriioodnstwhiatthEoDuFt oEpneerragtyiowni,llEhDaFvEenaeprparyophroiladtseparriseksmitigation measures in plac. to ensure security of supply of low-carbon power. The spares and stockholdings range from plant consumabies, to minor components and to what EDF Energy classify as strategic spares. These strategic spares are more complex in nature and would meet criteria of having high monetary value and / of long leacHead times. sEpDaFreEnpearrgtyscIotnisihdiegrhtlhiagthtietdwothualtdNpPrPesseanptpalny ustnrniectcecsosnatrryoldsetornimtehnetaulseenavnidrodnimsepnotsaall iomfpoapcetrattoiohnaavlemtaotedriisaplso.seTohfeuunsueseodf already.manufactured PFAScontaining products is very unlikely to result in increased dispersal of PFAS if they are used opnositnet,ofcoEmFpwaoruelddwsiitmhplbyeignegneirsaptoesaedddoiftiaonsalunwuassetdewsiptarheosu.tTahney rcleeqaurirreedmuecnttiotno idnisepnovsieroonfmePnFtAaSlciosnkt.aining spares at the The quantity of spares required is minimised through the sharing of stockpiles and strategic spare parts across the fieet management. Any restrictions placed on the transfer of spare parts would remove this benefit and ultimately drive an increase in the exiting levels of spares held This potential odds a further environmental disbenefit. Finally the cost and effort from having to dispose of and replace unused strategic spares held in support of NPs would be very high and disproportionate to any possible benefit EreDsFtriEcnteirongsyorne"cuosem"moefnedsstehnattialNPPPPAsS-(caonndtaoitnhienrgcprritoidcualctlsoiwn-ocradrebrontoenenesrugryegseenceurraittyioonf ssuiptpesl)y.aWreeewxoeumlpdtadfvriosme that restrictions focus on the manufacturing and sale of PFAS-containing products, and non-essential uses. C07 Eng Posion Pape PFAS Consteton 223NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED 223 EDF ny i Ags Rar. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOF Ent 1s Rogtrdin Grand nd lsRegistra, 2064852. Rogstroicde50WitStet LornWIT 462 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFREShPPAS 0a, Hoo O, S2ep 023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ---- Page 17 of 19 Appendix F. Nuclear New Build The assessment by EDF Energy on the impact to PFAS regulations on NPP has largely focussed on our operations of the Wexeissttinogf UthKenUuKciTarrisfileetth. fEiDrsFt niseawsonulcelaedairnpgotwheercsotnasttirouncitniotnheofUKtwinoanveerwr2e0acyetaorrs,saotneHtinhkalteuytPiosienstC si(gHnPiCf)icnantthEeurSoopuetahn supply chain, and plans to operate for a least 60 years before being decommissioned. The same reactor technology (the EPR) has already been constructed in Olikuoto (Finland) and is nearing the start of operations at Flamanvile (France) Similar to the existing UK nuclear power stations, PFAS i prevalent in a large number ofsystemsand components. Some aSrgeafeiscsaennttiaclhatnogetshetosatfheeopplearnattioorn2orfedtuhcetipolnantin. saanfdetya.ltFerrenqautievnecsiemsaoyf nroetplaaccheimeevnetsthaereresqyusitreemd &pecrofmoprmoannecnet wsiptehcioiuct sbeuntsciatintryainmgpeacftroamrotuhnedshsoormtetsepremci(fwiceepkrso/dmuocnttahrse)asthdruoutgoh itnoctrheaesveedryprleovnagletnecremn(ytehaersd/esdiegcnad(ewsh)e.nHcPoCmwpialrehadvteoexaihsitgihnegr UK assets), with examples such s RS133 Refrigerant used ina significant proportion of chilers across the pant. Tahned cHiVvAcCoRnspthrauscet.ioAnsapharesseulot,ftthhee cpurrareecnttadtesHiPgCn aistdHrPaCwihnagstroe:acchoesdeaonevUenliotf, smtaobviliintgy annodwmnattuoritthyewMhecehraerifcuarlt,heErledcetrsiicganl cthheancgoensstarruecttieocnhcnyicclaelmcaokmepslaenxyacnodnshiadveeraatisoingnoiffidceasnitgsncchehdaunlgees&ecxotsrtemiemlpyacpt.ofiTbhietitviemitnognoofwthreetprrofoiptosed legislation vs Examples of technical risks to HPC as result of this proposed legisation include: -~Thabele principal risk is the indirect consequence to provide through fe support. of obsolescence in the predominantly European supply chain to be: -~ Arisk of availability of materials during the construction phase for Unit 2 (under current identified dates) - ~ Arisk that divergence in approaches taken by the EU and UK on PFAS could only exacerbate avalbilty of supplies andor the need for design chenge during the operational fe of the power station. Some ofthe technical isk to HPC associated with the proposed PFAS legislation could be mitigated by specific derogations pforreossejn-teifaculruttsheessr. dEeDtFaiElnederagsysewislslmneonttrisenceoemdmeed.nd further derogations within this response specifically relating to the EPR. Beyond HPC project, izewell C (S20) are planning to corstruct an additonal two EPR reactors in the South-East of the UK. Owhniestofimtphreovfiunngdatmheenstcahledpurilneciapnldesoopefrtahtiisonparlojseacftetyis. rTehpiiscaitsioann.exTraimsplpreinocfipaleprhojeepcst trheadtucieecxopsetc&tedtetcohrbiecaalppcroomvpelde,iite.y a Final Investment Decision (FD) taken, before the ECHA legisation i finaised and implemented. lItegiisslaitmipoon,rtsaontfarthaast ipslparnancetdicalbolwe-,caarnbdontheatnetrhgey bpernoejfeicttssfarroem prreopltieccatteidon farnodm ltehaerniunngcebrteatiwneteynofproijmepcetnsdcianng continue to be realised. I support of thi, the necessary exemptions and derogations dentifed for essential uses. on NPPs should equally apply to the construction, operation and decommissioning stages of the stations lifecycle C07 Eau Posion Pape PFAS Consteton 223NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED 223 EDF ny i Ags Rar. EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. or Err LsRogstad ErginandWoks.Ror, E602.Rarcc: OWTSvs,Lion WT42 EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFREShPPAS 0a, Hoo O, S2ep 023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 ------ Page 18 of 19 Final page left intentionally blank EOFEnary Poston PapFFsAS Constsion 2023 NOT PROTECTIVELYMARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Li.AlsReser EDF Energy Position Paper - PFAS Consultation 2023| NOT PROTECTIVELY MARKED | 2023 EDF Energy Ltd. All rights Reserved. EOFEnaryLsRogar inEn and los.Resin i 366052.Ragtrodoc:50WildSt,LoodonWIT EZ. EDF Energy Ltd. Registered in England and Wales. Registered No. 2366852. Registered office: 90 Whitfield Street, London W1T 4EZ EOFRESP.PFOA0S1. 000, Septamber2023 EDF-RESP-PFAS-001, Issue 01, September 2023 -- Page 19 of 19