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exposure, but data and extrapolation are not possible, recreation may be considered. We do not expect recreation to be a routinely applied solution. To be useful, the recreation needs to accurately reflect the historic job situation, and doing so is no small undertaking. Also, the effort will possibly take significant labor. Thus, we will develop a list of jobs where recreation is a suitable approach, and prioritize them according the scope of impact on the assessment. For example, if several subjects have the same job in their work history, it would have a broader application than is just one subject is affected. From the list, we will determine if and for which recreations will be undertaken. 23.9 Exposure Assessment References Armstrong, T.W., Pearlman, E.D., Schnatter, AR, Bowes, S.M., Murray, N. and Nicolich, M., Retrospective Benzene and Total Hydrocarbon Exposure Assessment for A Petroleum Marketing and Distribution Worker Epidemiology Study, Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. l 57(4) 333343, 1996 Bechtold, W.E., Lucier, G., Birnbaum, L.S., Yin, S.N., Li, 0.L., and Henderson, RE. Muconic acid determinations in urine as a biological exposure index for workers occupationally exposed to benzene. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. l, 52: 473-478, 1991. Budinsky, RA, DeMott, RP., Wernke, M.l, and Schell, lD. An Evaluation of Modeled Benzene Exposure and Dose Estimates Piblished in the Chinese-National Cancer Institute Collaborative Epidemiology Studies. Reg. Tox. Pharm. 30:244-258, 1999. Corn, M. and Esman, N.A Workplace Exposure Zones for Classification of Employee Exposures to Chemical and Physical Agents. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. l 40:47-57, 1979. Dosemeci, M., Li, 0. L., Hayes, R B., Yin, S. N., Linet, M., Chow,W. H., Wang, Y. Z., Jiang, Z. L., Dai, T. R, Zhang, W. u., Chao, X. l, Ye, P. Z., Kou, Q. R, Fan, Y. H., Zhang, X. c., Lin, X. F., Meng, l F., Zho, l S., Wacholder, S., Kneller, R, and Blot, W. l Cohort study among workers exposed to benzene in China: II. Exposure assessment. Am. lInd. Med. 26, 401-411,1994. Dodgson, l, l Cherrie, and S.Groat: Estimates of Past Exposure to Respirable Man-Made Mineral Fibres in the European Insulation Wool Industry. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 3l(4B):567582,1987. Efron, B. Bootstrap Methods: another look at the JackKnife. Ann. Stat 7:1-26. 1979. Efron, B., Tibshirani, R Statistical Data Analysis in the Computer Age. Science Vol. 253:39039526 July 1991 Fritschi, L, Siemiatycki, l, Richardson, L. Self-assessed Versus Expert-assessed Occupational Exposures. Am. l Epidem. 144(5):521-527,1996. Gamble JF, Spirtas R, Easter P. Applications of a job classification system in occupational epidemiology. Am J Public Health. 66(8):768-72,1976. Hewett P. (1995). Sample Size Formulae for Estimating the True Arithmetic or Geometric Mean of Lognormal Exposure Distributions. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. l 56: 219-22l. Jayjock, Michael A, Uncertainty Analysis in the Estimation of Exposure. AM. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. l 58(5): 380-382, 1997. Melikian, AA, Prahalad, AK., and Hoffmann, D. Urinary trans, trans-muconic acid as an indicator of exposure to benzene in cigarette smokers. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2: 47-51, 1993. Mueller, 0. Urinary trans, trans-muconic acid as an indicator of exposure to benzene in cigarette smokers. In: M.H. Ho and H.K. Dillon (eds.), Biological Monitoring of Exposure to 90 SH ELL-MCCLU RG-059535