Document N2d3km1edNNxLa1Q3724QJD3w

im m 1 GGB 3/15/94 BENEFITS OF UPDATING INTER-INDUSTRY STUDY OF VINYL CHLORIDE WORKERS Product Stewardship - Demonstrates to workers, community residents, customers, and other audiences our collective commitment to characterize cancer risks associated with employment in VCM/PVC processes. Scientific Knowledge - Refines the estimate of the number of cases of human angiosarcoma of the liver (ASL) associated with operating VCM/PVC plants in the pre-1972 era in North America. - Provides basis for refining human cancer risk assessments which are used by government agencies for permitting facilities, etc. - Contributes ASL cases to the international registry. - Helps to resolve unanswered questions about alleged links to cancers of the brain, lung, and hematopoeitic system as well as address non cancer causes of death such as emphysema. Litigation Defense - VCM/PVC manufacturers continue to face toxic tort litigation alleging that numerous other types (non-ASL) of cancer are related to VCM/PVC employment. This type of research is useful in defending such litigation. GGB 3/15/94 VRO 0 A BENEFITS OF UPDATING INTER-INDUSTRY STUDY OF VINYL CHLORIDE WORKERS (cont.) Chlorine Issue - VCM/PVC continue to be a part of the general debate on health and environmental impacts of chlorinated organics. This type of research serves a valuable role in helping to debate the issues on the basis of good science. GGB 3/15/94 A m i m o s a <nfa CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION Vinyl Chloride Panel Vinyl Chloride Research Coordinators Tentative Agenda DATE: TIME: PLACE: May 19, 1994 10:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m., EDT CMA Offices 2501 M Street, NW Washington, D.C. 1.0 Approval of February 14, 1994 Record of Meeting 2.0 Discussion of Scope of Work of the Epidemiology Study 3.0 Discussion of Potential Contractors for the Epidemiology Study 4.0 Discussion of Cost Sharing Formula for the Epidemiology Study 5.0 Presentation by Richard Reitz on Predicting Cancer Risk from Vinyl Chloride Exposure with a Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model - TENTATIVE 6.0 Discussion of Course of Action with EPA on Vinyl Chloride Risk Assessment 7.0 Discussion of ATSDR Research Data Needs for Vinyl Chloride 8.0 Discussion of Course of Action with ATSDR on Its Priority Data Needs 9.0 Financial Statement 10.0 Schedule Date for Next Meeting or Conference Call Subject to Approval Hasmukh C. Shah, Ph.D. Manager, Vinyl Chloride Panel ANTITRUST CHECKLIST FOR CMA MEETINGS o This antitrust checklist is for use by CMA staff and member representatives in die conduct of CMA-sponsored meetings, =ftoaibitcd discussion topics apply equally to social gatherings incidental to CMA-sponsored meetings. The Checklist is ndgexhaustive and does not address antitrust issues relating to activities ocher than CMA meetings. Participants in CMA meeting&aiso should be thoroughly familiar with: (1) "Antitrust Guide for OdA Committee Members" and, (2) "General Principles Applica ble to die Structure and Operations of Committees." Both of these documents may be found in the CMA Directory. ^ DO Ensure said performance In areas of: OVERSIGHTYSUPERVISION. Have a CMA. staff representative at each CMA-sponsored meet ing (unless an exception has been authorized by the appro priate CMA vice-president); ccnsu/r with an anomey ofthe CMA Office ofGenera/ Counsel on aS amicus questions relating to CMA-sponsored meetfogs; limit meeting discussions to agenda topics (unless additional topics have been approved by the appropriate CMA staff rep resentative), and provide each member company representative and Q*1A staff representative attending a CMA-sponsored meeting with a copy of this checklist, and have a copy available lot reference at aD CMA-sponsored meetings. RECORDKEEPING: Have an agenda and minutes which accurately reflect the mai lers which occur: provide agendas and minutes to the CMA Office of General Counsel for review and approval in advance of distribution; and. futh' describe the purposes and authorities of all task groups, work groups, ad hoc or other standing committee subgroups in the minutes of the appropriate parent committee. VIGILANCE: Protest against any discussion or meeting activities which ap pear to violate this checklist: disassociate yourself from any auch discussion or activities and leave any meeting in which they continue. Revised 3'0O (single page version) Reformated 1 '89 MDB DON'T Do not, in factor appearance, discuss or exchange infor mation on: PRICES, XNCUJDKNGi Individual company prices, price changes, price differentials, markups, discounts, allowances, credit terms, etc.: todividual company data on costs, production, capacity*, inventories, sales, etc* and. industry pricing policies, price levels, price changes, differen tials, me. PRODUCTION, INCLUDING} Plans ofindividual companies concerning the design, produc tion, distribution or marketing of particular products, includ ing proposed territories or customers: and. changes in indussy production, capacity or inventories. TRANSPORTATION RATES: Rates or rate policies for individual shipments, including bas ing point systems, zone prices, freight equalization, etc. MARKET PROCEDURES, INCLUDING? Company bids on contracts for particular products: company procedures for responding to bid invitations: and. matters relating to actual or potential individual suppliers or customers that might have the effect of excluding them from any market or influencing the business conduct of firms to ward them. CONSENT DECREE SUBSTANCE: Any matter relating to trisodiuffl phosphate (a restriction re quired by a 1962 consent decree to which CMA is a party). VRD 0B02&27469 za CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION A April 15, 1994 Dear Vinyl Chloride Research Coordinators: The next VCRC meeting is scheduled for May 19, 1994. The agenda for the meeting is enclosed. Also enclosed are: 1) a draft scope of work for an update of the mortality among vinyl chloride workers; 2) an historical perspective on inter-industry vinyl chloride study; and, 3) the benefits of updating the inter-industry study of vinyl chloride workers. Please review these documents in conjunction with Dr. Richard Reitz's abstract on physiologically-based pharmacokinetics model for vinyl chloride and the ATSDR Federal Register notice on vinyl chloride research data needs that were sent to you with my March 30 letter. I am looking forward to seeing you on May 19. Sincerely, Enclosures Hasmukh C. Shah, Ph.D. Manager, Vinyl Chloride Panel 2501 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037 Telephone 202-887-1100 Fax 202-887-1237 Responsible Care * 11 APuofcCommftment HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON INTER-INDUSTRY VINYL CHLORIDE STUDY 1960- 1963 Report published documenting anesthetic effects in animals and humans and liver injuiy in animals from chronic exposure. 1967 Acroosteolysis reported in humans exposed to high levels of VCM. 1971 Carcinogenicity of VCM discovered in animals, including angiosarcoma of the liver. 1973 CMA sponsors Tabershaw-Cooper Associates to conduct an epidemiologic study of 8,384 vinyl chloride workers from 34 plants. 1974 First reports of angiosarcoma of the liver cases in VCM workers. 1974 Tabershaw-Cooper report preliminary results confirming high risk of angiosarcoma of the liver and suggesting excess cancers of respiratory system, brain and lymphoma. GGB 3/15/94 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON INTERINDUSTRY VINYL CHLORIDE STUDY (cont.) 1974 OSHA holds hearings and revises PEL down to 1 ppm. 1981 Cooper expands original epidemiology study to include 10,173 workers from 37 plants-- reports show angiosarcoma and brain cancer to be in excess through 1972. 1986 EHA updates inter-industiy study with follow-up through 1982reports angiosarcoma, brain cancer and emphysema to be in excess--no excess respiratory cancer or lymphoma/ leukemia. 1991 EHA study is published. 1993 CMA letter to the editor and EHA response are published clarifying the brain cancer and emphysema findings. 1994 GGB 3/15/94 CMA Vinyl Chloride Research Coordinators meet to discuss updating study. V R D DITOOG? 4ALERT DD114 User:109740 06apr94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-28) Item PAGE: 10 of 8 28 k DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R)_1963-1994/Apr (c) format only 1994 Enzyme No.: EC 2.4.2.8 .(Hypoxanthlne Phosphor 1bosyltransfer ase) Gene Symbol: hprt Di slog Info.Svcs. 01080252 94142774 MEDL/94142774 Evaluation of the yeast DEL assay with 10 compounds by the International Program on Chemical Safety evaluation of short-term'tests for carcinogens. Carls N; Schlestl'Rtf selected for the 01080254 94142776 MEDL/94142776 Detection of 1,2,4-benzenetrlol induced aneuploldy and microtubule disruption by fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. Zhang L; Venkatesh P; Creek ML; Smith MT Department of Molecular and School of Public Health, Boston, Mutat Res; 320(4):293-303 1994 Journal Code: NNA Languages: ENGLISH Cellular Toxicology, MA 02115. ISSN 0165-1110 Harvard Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley 94720. Mutat Res; 320(4):315-27 1994 ISSN 0165-1110 Journal Code: NNA Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9404 Subfile: L; M The Saccharomyces cerevlslae DEL variety of nonmutagenlc carcinogens assay detects (Schtestl et al. wide (1989) Contract/Grant No.: P42-ES04705, ES, NIEHS; P30-ES01896, ES. NIEHS Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9404 Subfile; L; M Fluorescence In situ hybridization (FISH) Is becoming Increasingly used to detect chromosomal changes In cancer cytogenetics. Here, we report Its use In human HL60 cells to Carcinogenesis, IQ, 1445-1455). This study shows the effect on DEL recombination of 8 carcinogenic compounds (o-to 1u1dine, hexamethy1phosphoram1de, saf role, aery1 on11 r11e. benzene, d1ethy1hexy1phtha1 ate, phenobarb1tal and d1ethy1st11bestrol) and 2 noncarclnogenlc compounds (caprolactam and benzoin). These chemicals have been selected by the Program on Chemical Safety for the evaluation of short-term tests for carcinogens, because sufficient carcinogenicity data for these compounds exist, and because they are difficult to detect with the detect aneuploldy Induced by the benzene metabolite. Salmonella assay. 5 of 8 carcinogens reproduclbly gave a 1.2,4-benzenetrlol (BT). Human centromerlc probes specific for chromosomes 9 and 7 were used. Untreated HL60 cells were 0.72 strong positive response and the noncarcinogen benzoin was negative. Thus, 60% of the chemicals tested In this study have +/- 0.29% hyperdiploid for chromosome 9. Treatment,w1th 5 mlcroM BT Increased this level 3-fold to 2.20 +/- 0.87% and 50 mlcroM Increased It 4-fold to 2.96 +/- 0.74%. Similar results were obtained with the chromosome 7 probe. The Induction of aneuploldy by BT Is therefore not chromosome-spec 1f1c nor is been correctly Identified with the DEL assay compared to only 20% with the Salmonella assay. Tags: Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Major Descriptors: *Carc1nogens--Tox1c1ty--TO: *Mutagen1c1ty Tests--Methods--MT; *Saccharomyces cerev1s1ae--Drug Effects It artlfactual. Immunocytochemfcal staining with anti-tubulin antibodies also showed that BT disrupted microtubule - -DE Minor Descriptors: Aery 1 on 1tr11e--Toxic1ty--TO; Benzene organization at these concentrations. Thus, mitotic spindle disruption probably plays an Important role In BT-Induced --Toxicity --TO: --Tox1c1ty --TO; Chromosome Deletion; Diethylhexyl Phthalate lethy1sti1bestrol--Tox1c1ty--TO; Hempa aneuploidy. Trisomy and not tetrasomy accounted for the majority of the hyperdlploldy Induced by BT In the two C-group chromosomes 7 and 9. Since trisomy of C-group chromosomes Is commonly observed In leukemia, BT-induced aneuploldy may be --Toxicity --TO; Phenobarb1ta1 --Tox1c1ty--TO; Saccharomyces cerev1s1ae --Genet 1cs--GE; Safrole--Toxic1ty--TO; Toluldlnes --Toxicity --TO CAS Reg istry No.: 0 .(Carcinogens); 0 .(Tolu1dines); Involved in benzene-induced leukemia. 107-13-1 .(Aery1onltr11e); 117-81-7 .(Diethylhexyl Phthalate) Tags: Human; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Major Descriptors: *Aneuplo1dy: ^Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; *Hydroqu1nones--ToxIc1ty--TO; *M1crotubules--Drug Effects--DE ; 50-06-6 680-31-9 95-53-4 .(Phenobarbltal); .(Hempa); 71-43-2 (2-toluldlne) 56-53-1 .(Diethylstllbestrol ); .(Benzene); 94-59-7 .(Safrole); Minor Descriptors: Chromosome Aberrations; Colchicine --Toxlclty--T0; Immunohistochemlstry; In Situ Hybridization, 01079808 94140140 MEDL/94140140 [Genetic effects of lead*, nitrate on seeds of chronically Fluorescence; Leukemia, Myelocytic, Acute--Genet1cs--G; irradiated populations of Arabidopsis thalfana] Leukemia, . Myelocytic, Acute--Pathology--PA; Tumor Cells, Genet 1cheskle posledstvllu delstvlla nltrata svlntsa na Cultured CAS Registry No.: O .(Hydroqu1 nones); 533-73-3 semena khronicheskl thalIana. obluchaemykh populiatsll Arabidopsis .(hydroxyhydroqu1 none); 64-86-8 .(Colchicine) Dlneva SB; Abramov VI; Shevchenko VA Genetlka; 29(11):1914-20 1993 ISSN 0016-6758 Journal Code: FNN 001459 (cont. next page) DlfflJOC = INFORMATION SERVICES. VRD 0 0 02 0 2 74 73 DIALOG ALERT DD114 User:109740 DAVE PENNEY 06apr94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-28) _____________________________________ J A Item PAGE: 22 of 13 28 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R)_1963-1994/Apr (c) format only 1994 Tags: Humar^ Major Descriptors: `Breast Neoplasms--Chem1stry--CH; `Proto-Oncogene Prote1ns--Analys1s--AN; `Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone--Analys1s--AN Minor Descriptors: Breast Neoplasms--Et1o1ogy--ET; Breast Neoplasms--Metabol1sm--ME: Prognosis; Proto-Oncogene Proteins --MetabolIsm--ME; Proto-Oncogene Prote1 ns--Physlology--PH; Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone--Metabol1sm--ME ; Receptors. Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone-`Phys1ology - - PH CAS Registry No.: Inase); 0 .(proto-oncogene protein erbB-2) ;O . (Proto-Oncogene Proteins); 0 .(Receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor-Urogastrone) Enzyme No.: EC 2.7.1.- .(Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Protein-Tyrosine K Gene Symbol: EGFR; neu 01077006 94126838 MEDL/94126838 Carcinogenicity of TCDD In laboratory animals: Implications for risk assessment. (177 Refs) Lucler G; Clark G; Hlermath C; Tritscher A; Sewall C; Huff J Laboratory of Biochemical Risk Analysis. N.I.E.H.S., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Toxicol Ind Health; 9(4):631-68 1993 ISSN 0748-2337 Journal Code: VWS Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL Journal Announcement: 9404 Subfile: L; M Tags: Animal; Female; Human; Male Major Descriptors: *Tetrachlorod1benzod1ox1n--Tox1clty--T0 Minor Descriptors: Biological Assay; Carclnogenlclty Tests; Hamsters; Mice; Rats; Risk Factors CAS Registry No.: 1746-01-6 .(Tetrachlorodlbenzodloxln) 01077005 94126837 MEDL/94126837 Effects of acute and subchronic exposure of topically applied fullerene extracts on the mouse skin. Nelson MA; Domann FE; Bowden GT; Hooser SB; Fernando 0; Carter DE Pathology Department, University of Arizona, Tucson 85724. Toxicol Ind Health; 9(4):623-30 1993 ISSN 0748-2337 Journal Code: VWS Contract/Grant No.: ES05533-02. ES. NIEHS; CA-40584, CA. NCI Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement> 9404 Subfile: L; M The recent discovery that fullerenes (C60) can be produced in macroscopic quantities has sparked much Interest in the chemistry of this unusual molecule. Concerns have also arisen about the potential carcinogenic effects of this molecule. We have addressed the potential acute and subchronic toxic effec' of fullerenes applied in benzene on the mouse skin. The e toxic effects measured In this study Included 001464 lalog Info.Svcs. epidermal DNA synthesis and the Induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity in the epidermis. At the topical dose of fullerenes used In.(these studies (l.e., 200 micrograms), we found no effect''"'in 'either DNA synthesis or ornithine decarboxylase activity over a 72 hour time course after treatment. The subchronic effects of the fullerenes as a mouse skin tumor promoter was assessed by repeatedly applying the chemical to the skin after Initiation with the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 7,12-dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA). Repeated administration of the fullerenes for up to 24 weeks post-in11lat1 on did not result In either benign or malignant skin tumor formation, whereas promotion with the phorbol ester, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol- 13-acetate (TPA) resulted in the formation of benign skin tumors. Our data Indicate that fullerenes applied in benzene at a likely industrial exposure level do not cause acute toxic effects on the mouse skin epidermis. Tags: Animal; Female; Support. U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Major Descriptors: `Carbon--Tox1c1ty--TO; `Skin --Drug Effect5--DE Minor Descriptors: Administration, Cutaneous; Carbon --Administration and Dosage--AD; Carbon--Pharmacok1net1cs--PK ; Carcinogenicity Tests; DNA--Biosynthes1s--BI; DNA--Drug Effects--DE; Enzyme Induct ion--Drug Effects--DE; Hyperplasia --Chemically Induced--CI; Mice; Ornithine Decarboxylase --B1osynthesis--BI; Ornithine Decarboxylase--Drug Effects--DE ; Skin Neoplasms--Chem1cal1y Induced--CI; Time Factors; 9,10-D1methyl - 1,2-benzanthracene CAS Registry No.: 115383-22-7 .(fullerene C70); 57-97-6 .(9,10-Dimethy 1-1,2-benzanthracene); 7440-44-0 .(Carbon); 9007-49-2 .(DNA); 99685-96-8 .(fullerene C60) Enzyme No.: EC 4.1.1,17 .(Ornithine Decarboxylase) 01076864 94126081 MEDL/94126081 Review of the genotoxicity of nitrogen oxides. Vlctorln K Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Mutat Res; 317(1):43-55 1994 ISSN 0165-1110 Journal Code: NNA Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, TUTORIAL Journal Announcement: 9404 Subfile: L; M Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are formed in combustion processes and are major pollutants in urban air. Relatively few studies on the genotoxlclty of N02 and NO have been performed. These studies Indicate that N02 Is genotoxlc in vitro, but the effect of NO seems to be very slight. One In vivo study showed chromosome aberrations and 'mutations In lung cells after Inhalation of N02 (and NO), but tests for chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes and spermatocytes or micronuclei in bone marrow were negative after Inhalation of N02. Based on present studies, there Is no clear evidence of a carcinogenic (cont. next page) DlflUX = INFORMATION SERVICES. INC. -1 tfl V RE)IAUQ<S2 MfHRT DD115 User:109740 11mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (1 terns 1 -17) Item PAGE: 4 of 1 DIALOG File 40: Envlrol1ne(R)_1970-1993/Jan (c) 1994 ClSr Inc. Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 5 graph(s); 14 reference(s); 1 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: CRUSTACEANS; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS. WATER ; AGE COMPARISONS; DIAZINON; SURFACTANTS; COPPER; CADMIUM; ZINC; SEDIMENT; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255504 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00829 Effects of Contaminants from Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Lumber on Benthos Weis. J. S.. (Rutgers University, Newark, NJ); Weis, P., (University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark) JOURNAL: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol v26, nl, p103(7) PUBLICATION DATE: Jan 94 DOCUMENT TYPE: research article LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: Toxic chemicals are known to leach from chromated copper arsenate (CCA) -treated bulkheads and adsorb onto fine-grained sediment. Sediment samples were collected In the vicinity of two CCA-treated bulkheads In Florida, and the effects of Cu. chromium, and arsenic at varying distances were Investigated on benthic community structure and sediment toxicity. Except for Cu, concentrations of the contaminants were highest Immediately adjacent to each bulkhead, and they decreased with distance. Copper and As concentrations were elevated In Neanthes succlnea found nearest the CCA-treated wood. In worms living at 1, 3, and 10 m from the bulkheads, Cu and As concentrations decreased with distance. Mortality of amphipods was highest In sediment collected nearest the bulkheads. Species diversity was reduced significantly nearest the bulkheads 'compared to controls. While the contamination was very localized, the high numbers of CCA-treated bulkheads in coastal waters makes the contamination problem significant. (Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 8 graph(s); 1 map(s); 23 reference(s); 1 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: SEDIMENT; COPPER; ARSENIC; CHROMIUM; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255494 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00819 Congener-Specific Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls White-Tailed Sea Eagles Hallaeetus albicllla Collected Poland Falandysz, J.. University of Gdansk, Poland; Yamashlta, N.; Tanabe, S-; Tatsukawa, R.; Rucinska, L.; Mlzera, T.; Jakuczun, B. JOURNAL: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol v26, nl, p13(l0) PUBLICATION DATE: Jan 94 DOCUMENT TYPE: research article LANGUAGE: English In In ABSTRACT: PCB congeners were determined In white-tailed sea 000701 eagles collected In Poland over the period 1982-90. All samples were analyzed-by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In breast muscles, the most persistent PCBs were found to be the congeners 153, 13^^ .180 118, 187, 99, and an unidentified congener. The extremely high PCB congener concentrat1ons in the sea eagles collected from the Baltic coast appeared to be related to relatively high contamination levels in animals of the lower food chain In the area. Apart from PCBs, the sea eagles were also probably highly contaminated with other persistent organochlorlnes, including highly toxic dioxins and furans, as well as dleldrln. The dioxin toxic equivalents of the coplanar PCBs are presented. The high PCB concentrations found In females were correlated with the high contamination of eggs, and may be associated with eggshell thinning and the low reproduction success of these birds. (Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 14 graph(s); 30 reference(s); 3 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: POLAND; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; BIOACCUMULATION, BIRD; EAGLES; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255477 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00802 Toxic Effects of Pollutants on the Mineralization of Acetate in Methanogenic River Sediment van Vlaardlngen, Peter L. A.; van Beelen, Patrick, National Institute of Public Health and Environ Protection, Bllthoven, Netherlands JOURNAL: Bull Environ Contam Toxicol v52, nl, p46(8) PUBLICATION DATE: Jan 94 DOCUMENT TYPE: research article LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: The sediments of the Rhine River, the Netherlands, are highly polluted with organic compounds and heavy metals. The organic matter Is converted to acetate by acetogenic bacteria. The mineralization of acetate under methanogenic conditions Is then performed by a few specialized methanogenic bacteria. Results are presented from a study on the effect of six toxicants on the anaerobic mineralization of acetate. The toxicants Include: benzene, chloroform, 1,2-d1ch1oroethane, pentachlorophenol, mercury, and zinc. Sediment microcosms were prepared using sediment samples from the Rhine River. Highest Inhibition of acetate mineralization was found for chloroform, 1.2-dlchloroethane, and pentachlorophenol. Benzene was the least toxic of the organic compounds for acetate mineralization. Even at their highest concentrations, Hg and Zn had no observable effects on the anaerobic acetate mineralization. (Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 3 graph(s); 22 reference(s); 3 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: SEDIMENT; RHINE RIVER; BENZENE; PENTACHLOROPHENOL; CHLOROFORM; MERCURY; ZINC; BACTERIA; WATER POLLUTION EFFECTS; (cont. next page) DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. IF. = yUpPHtf fyg7fMfRT DD115 0AVE:PENNEY 11n,ar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-17) I tent PAGE: 11 of 7 17 DIALOG File 40: Enviroline(R) 1970-1993/Jan (c) 1994 CIS. Inc. SPECIAL FEATURES: 1 diagram(s7; 6 reference(s): S table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: FERTILIZERS. ORGANIC; SEWAGE APPLICATION. LAND; HEAVY METALS; CADMIUM; COPPER; LEAD; BIOACCUMULATION, PLANT; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255264 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00525 Increased Risk of Proteinuria Among a Cohort of Lead-Exposed Pregnant Women Factor-L1tvak, Pam, Columbia School of Public Health, New York, NY; Stein, Zena; Grazlano, Joseph JOURNAL: Environ Health Perspec vIOI, n5, p418(4) PUBLICATION DATE: Oct 93 DOCUMENT TYPE: research article LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: Exposure to environmental lead and pregnancy outcomes were studied In two Yugoslavian towns to determine risks of proteinuria. Blood lead levels were 17.1 and 5.1 (gr)rog/dl In a smelter town and nonexposed town, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for proteinuria was 4.5, and for trace proteinuria was 2.3. These results support other studies that found an association between chronic exposure to lead and renal dysfunction manifested as proteinuria. (Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 2 graph(s); 41 reference(s); 4 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: TOXICOLOGY; PREGNANCY; BLOOD LEAD LEVEL; KIDNEY DISEASE; SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255240 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00499 Identification of 6-Hydroxy-trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoic Acid, a Novel Ring-Opened Urinary Metabolite of Benzene Kline, Stanley A., University of Medicine and Dentistry, Plscataway, NJ; Robertson, J. Forbes; Grotz, V. Lee; Goldstein, Bernard D.; Witz, Glsela JOURNAL: Environ Health Perspec vIOI, n4, p310(3) PUBLICATION DATE: Sep 93 DOCUMENT TYPE: research article LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: Research has shown that benzene toxicity arises from the formation of metabolites in the liver. One of these metabolites is the open-ringed intermediate trans,trans-muconlc acid (MA). One such compound has been Identified In the laboratory as the dialdehyde trans,trans-muconaldehyde (MU), which as been shown to be hematotoxlc when injected Into mice. Two of the endproducts of MUC are MA and 6-hydroxy-trans,trans-hexadlenolc acid (HH). Using CO-1 mice treated with MUC, the identification of HHA as a urinary metabolite of benzene Is confirmed, showing the Intermediacy of MUC In benzene metabolism. (Full text available from Congressional information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 3 dlagram(s); 14 reference(s); 2 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: BENZENE; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; METABOLIC 000703 ACTIVATION; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00255071 ENVIROLINEWNUMBER: 94-00295 A Survey of Some Waste-to-Energy (W-E) Issues: Ash Residues and Mercury Shaub, Walter A. JOURNAL: Solid Waste Assoc of North Am 30th Annu Int Expo, Orlando, FL p395(36) PUBLICATION DATE: Aug 3-6. 92 DOCUMENT TYPE: conf paper LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: Waste-to-Energy (W-E) facilities are gaining in popularity among communities seeking to reduce landfill utilization while saving energy. A number of issues that must be considered when evaluating designs for W-E facilities are examined, Including the need to effectively manage ash and other residues, and the need to manage mercury compounds. The proposed techniques were developed for the express purpose of protecting the environment from undue Impacts. To prevent the buildup of contaminants In ashes and residues, It will probably be necessary to screen wastes being Introduced Into the combustors to weed out potentially dangerous Items, such as fluorescent lights and lead batteries. (Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: SOLID WASTE ENERGY; ENV CONSTRAINTS, SOLID WASTE ENERGY; INCINERATORS; TOXIC SUBSTANCES; MERCURY ; AIR POLLUTION CONTROL; EMISSION CONTROL PROGRAMS; ASH; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 17 00254863 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00081 Monitoring Heavy Metals in the Gulf of Thailand Using Mussel Watch Approach Sukasem, Phaka; Tabucanon, Monthlp S., Environ Research and Training Center, Bangkok, Thailand JOURNAL: Scl Total Environ V139-140, p297(9) PUBLICATION DATE: Nov 1, 93 DOCUMENT TYPE: conf paper LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: Due to rapid Industrial development along the major rivers In Thailand that drain Into the Gulf of Thailand, marine water concentrations of zinc, manganese, copper, chromium, nickel, and cadmium have Increased. Green mussels Perna vlrldls were collected from ten locations along the gulf coast and analyzed for concentrations of the toxic metals. All mussel samples were analyzed by spectrophotometry. Differences In metal concentrations In mussels from different areas were relatively large for Zn, Mn, Cr, and Cd, but less for Cu and N1. Highest metal concentrations were found in the regions adjacent to river discharges. When compared to similar data compiled In 1986. metal concentrations had remained relatively unchanged, with the exception of Mn and N1. which had (cont. next page) DIALOG - INFORMATION SERVICES. IN VRt)W^7ALtRT DD115 User:109740 11mar94 PR 523/5/ALL (Items 1-17) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 15 of 1 DIALOG File 40: Envfroline(R)_1970-1993/Jan (c) 1994 CIS, Inc. Increased slgnlfIcantly. SPECIAL FEATURES: 6 graph(s); 1 map(s): 11 reference(s); 3 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: THAILAND; MUSSELS; HEAVY METALS; BIOACCUMULATION, ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, MARINE; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 00254860 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00078 Utilization of Vegetation Sample Bank as an Indicator of Environmental State In the Areas of Industrial Pollution Kovnatsky, Evgeny F.; Surnln, Valery A., Institute of Experimental Meteorology, Obninsk, Russia JOURNAL: Scl Total Environ V139-140, p271(7) PUBLICATION DATE: Nov 1, 93 DOCUMENT TYPE: conf' paper LANGUAGE: English ABSTRACT: In the villages of Ust-Kamenogorsk and Glubokoje in Russia, poplar leaves were studied for their use as biological Indicators of industrial pollution. Circular zones were established around the Industrial town centers. Mult1-element analysis was used to separate the elements according to purely technogenic origin and those derived from soil dust. It was found that calcium, potassium, strontium, lead, Iron, and manganese were natural pollutants caused by transport and sedimentation of soil dust, which enters leaf surfaces through the root system. Zinc, Pb, copper, and arsenic were found to be technogenic elements, since their concentration decreased with distance from the Industrial center. Besides these toxic elements. It Is suggested that mercury, antimony, cobalt, and chromium be Included for chemical analysis In the leaves. Overall results indicated that poplar leaves are a good biological Indicator of Industrial pollution. SPECIAL FEATURES: 2 reference(s); 3 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS, AIR; BIOACCUMULATION. PLANT; METAL CONTAMINATION; .ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 schemes are provided. Such toxicants should be considered priority compounds for use reduction, should be excluded from use as substitutes for other toxic chemicals, and should be phased out. Compensation for workers displaced by plant closings should be considered. Coordination of efforts among environmentalists, business, and government Is required. ( Full text available from Congressional Information Service.) SPECIAL FEATURES: 11 reference(s); 2 table(s) MAJOR DESCRIPTORS: REPRODUCTION, HUMAN; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION; CHEMICAL REDUCTION; LEGISLATION, LOCAL; POLICY-PLANNING, STATE AND LOCAL; REVIEW CLASSIFICATION: 02 STATE AND 00254805 ENVIROLINE NUMBER: 94-00023 Protecting. Reproductive Health and the Reduction Gelser, Kenneth, Unlv of Massachusetts JOURNAL: Environ Health Perspec vIOI, PUBLICATION DATE: JuT 93 DOCUMENT TYPE: conf paper LANGUAGE: Environment: Toxics Use Lowel1 supplement 2, p221(5) Engl 1sh ABSTRACT: Several states have passed laws that mandate reductions In the use of toxic chemicals as a method of managing hazardous materials. Since some of the regulated compounds are reproductive and developmental toxicants, reductions In use should Improve pregnancy outcome. These Include lead, mercury, solvents, pesticides, ethylene oxide, PCBs, - * ethylene glycol ethers, for which use reduction 000704 DlfflJOG INFORMATION SERVICES. > -J oo A VRiPb%kQG7AtRT DD114 User:109740 10mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-21) Item PAGE: 1 of 4 21 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R) 1963-1994/Mar (c) format only 1994 Dialog Info.Svcs. 01075247 9412Q233 MEDL/94120233 [H2 antagonists as Inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 In rat liver: In vitro and In vivo effects] Antagonlstas H2, como Inhlbldores del cltocromo P-4SO en hlgado de ratas: efecto In vitro e In vivo. Carrasco M; Gaule C; Vega P; del Vlllar E Servlclo de Medlclna Interna, Hospital Regional de Coplapo. Rev Med Chi 1 : 120(5):539-44 1992 ISSN 0034-9887 Journal Code: SHD Languages: SPANISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE English Abstract Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: L; M The Allium anaphase-telophase- test was evaluated to find out If It could be recommended in the screening of wastewater for genotoxlclty. Five mUl?gen1c or carcinogenic chemicals usually found In wastewater anaphase-telophase test. were tested In Sodium dichromate the Allium (25 mlcroM), benzene (100 mlcroM), d1 chioromethane (175 mlcroM) and 1, 1, 1-trIchloromethane (175 mlcroM) Increased the frequency of chromosome aberrations In the root cells, whereas formaldehyde (1 mM) was found to be non-mutagenlc In this test system. Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: L Cytochrome P-50 Is a well known participant In the metabolism of xenoblotles as well as an activator or Inactivator of hepatotoxlc substances and carcinogenic agents. Other studies where chemicals were tested In the Allium test were reviewed. For 15 chemicals the results were compared with results from the Ames test, the Microscreen assay, and carcinogenicity tests In rodents. The sensitivity of the Alll/jm test was calculated to be 82%. In conclusion the Allium H2 antagonists, clmetldlne, famotidine and ranitidine were used to Inhibit cytochrome P-450 in rat liver. After 200 mg clmetldlne, 85% Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 In vitro and 50% In vivo were demonstrated through demethyl at Ion of test Is recommended for the screening of wastewater because It has a high sensitivity. Is cheap, rapid, easy to handle, and because It can be used on wastewater without pretreatment of the sample. amlnopyrlne. Inhibition was further confirmed by differential Major Descriptors: *A11 1um--Drug Effects--DE; *Industrial absorption spectra (Type II). The percentage Inhibition obtained with famotidine or ranitidine were lower than those obtained with clmetldlne. Inhibition of the microsomal oxidative system by clmetldlne could lead to decreased production of superoxide radicals and protection against damage induced by toxic agents activated In the liver. Tags: Animal; Comparative Study; Male Major Descriptors: *Cytochrome P-450 --Antagonists and Inh1b1tors--AI; *H1stamine H2 Receptor Blockaders --Pharmacology--PD; *M1crosomes, LIver--Drug Effects--DE Minor Descriptors: Administration, Oral: Amlnopyrlne --MetabolIsm-nME; B1otransformat1on--Drug Effects--DE; Waste--Adverse Effects--AE; *Mutagen1 clty Tests--Methods--MT; Mutagens--Toxlclty--T0; *Water Pollutants. Chemical--Toxicity --TO Minor DescrIptors: All 1 urn--Genet 1cs--GE: Benzene--Toxiclty --TO; Chromates--Toxic1ty--T0; Chromosome Aberrations; Formaldehyde--ToxId ty--T0; Genes, PI ant--Drug Effects--DE; Methylene Chi or 1de--Tox1c1ty--TO; Tr1chloroethanes--Tox1c1ty --TO CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Chromates); 0 .(Industrial Waste); 0 .(Mutagens); 0 .(TrIchloroethanes); 0 .(Water Pollutants, Chemical); 10588-01-9 .(sodium bichromate); 50-00-0 .(Formaldehyde); 71-43-2 .(Benzene); 71-55-6 .(1,1,1-trIchlor Clmetldlne--Pharmacology--PD; Enzyme Induct Ion--Drug Effects --DE; Famot1d1ne--Pharmacology--PD; Hemeprotelns--Metabol Ism oethane); 75-09-2 .(Methylene Chloride) --ME; Methylat1on--Drug Effects--DE; Mlcrosomes, Liver --Enzymology--EN; Mixed Function Oxidases --Antagonists and 01074863 94118541 MEDL/94118541 Inhlbltors--AI; Oxldatlon-ReductIon; RanitIdlne--Pharmacology --PD; Rats; Rats, Wlstar; Suparox1des--Metabol1sm--ME CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Hemeprotelns); 0 .(Histamine H2 Receptor Blockaders); 11062-77-4 .(Superoxides); 51481-61-9 .(Clmetldlne); 58-15-1 .(Amlnopyrlne); 66357-35-5 .(Ranitidine): 76824-35-6 .(Famotidine); 9035-51-2 .(Cytochrome P-450) Enzyme No.: EC 1.13.12. .(Mixed Function Oxidases) A randomized phase II study of low-dose cytosine arablnoslde (LD-AraC) plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) In myelodysplastlc syndromes (MDS) with a high risk of developing leukemia. EORTC Leukemia Cooperative Group. Gerhartz HH; Marcus R; Delmer A; Zwierzlna H; Suclu S; Oardenne M; Solbu G; de Witte T; Jacobs A; Vlsanl G; et al Medical Dept. Ill, Kllnlkum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany. Leukemia; LEU 8(l):16-23 1994 ISSN 0887-6924 Journal Code: 01075018 94119131 MEDL/94119131 Evaluation of the Allium anaphase-telophase test In relation to genotoxlclty screening of Industrial wastewater. Rank J; Nielsen MH Department of Environment, Technology and Social Studies, Roskllde University, Denmark. Mutat Res; 312(1):17-24 1994 ISSN 0165-1110 Journal Code: NNA Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Contract/Grant No.: 5U10-C111488-18; 5U10-C111488-19; 5U10-C111488-20; + Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: CLINICAL TRIAL; CLINICAL TRIAL. PHASE II; JOURNAL ARTICLE; MULTICENTER' STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: X; L; M (cont. next page) DIALOG = 001554 INFORMATION SERVICES. IK vIAW2*lRT DD114 User:109740 10mar94 PR DAVE PENNEY kLL (1 terns 1-21 ) Item PAGE : 12 of 9 21 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R)_1963-1994/Mar (c) format only 1994 Dialog Info.Svcs. showed a similar requirement for MgATP and were equally contaminated with creosote, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons enhanced by protein kinase C activator (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dloxlns (PCDDs), and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) but not by kinase A activator 8-bromoadenoslne 3',5'-cycl1c monophosphate free polychlorinated dlbenzofurans (PCDFs). This paper compares the results of the current LISEPA point estimate (deterministic) base. The protein kinase C Inhibitor staurosporlne blocked the approach for predicting:, the health risks associated with TPA-stlmulated component of secretion but had no effect on the exposure to PCDDs/PCDFs In soil with the results of a NE release In the absence of TPA. Calmldazollum, an Inhibitor probabilistic approach which uses a Monte Carlo analysis. At of calmodulin, inhibited the secretion evoked by both metals many of these wood treatment sites the hazard posed by the to similar extent. Agents Interacting with microtubules (colchicine and vinblastine) or microfilaments (cytochalasln 8 and phalloldln) had no effect on secretion induced by either PAHs, and especially pentachlorophenol, can be much greater than that due to PCDD and PCDFs; however, because at this site the health risk associated with PAHs was deemed negligible by metal cation. These observations indicate that both Pb2+ and Ca2+ act at a common site and activate the exocytotic release ATSDR, only PCDDs/PCDFs were evaluated. Octachlorodlbenzo-p-dl oxln (OCDO) and octachlorodibenzofuran (OCDF) congeners were of NE by an analogous mechanism. evaluated Independently from the other congeners due. to their Tags: Animal; Comparative Study: Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. prevalence in the environment and the availability of Major Descriptors: "Adrenal Medulla--Phys1ology--PH; congener-spedf1c data. The results of the reevaluation of the Calclum--Pharmacology--PD; *Lead--Tox1c1ty--T0; "Noreplnephrl rodent bioassay data for 2,3,7,8-TCDD were considered in the ne--MetabolIsm--ME probability distribution for the cancer potency factor. The Minor Descriptors: Adenosine Triphosphate--Pharmacology--PD; authors' analyses indicate that when assessing exposure to Adrenal Medul1a--Drug Effects--DE; A1kalolds--Pharmacology--PD soil via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact, the ; Calc1um--Metabollsm--ME; Calmodulin --Antagonists and current regulatory approach used to estimate the reasonable Inhlbltors--AI; Cattle: Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein K1nases--Metabo11sm--ME maximally exposed Individual (RMEI) (USEPA, Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Vol. 1, Part A, 1989) can predict ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazlc Ac1d--Pharmaco!ogy risks which are 10- to 100-fold greater than the 95th --PD; Enzyme Activation; Imidazoles--Pharmacology--PD; percentile risk predicted by a Monte Carlo analysis. Kinetics; Lactate Dehydrogenase--Analys1s--AN; Protein Kinase Tags: Animal; Case Report: Comparative Study; Female; Human C--Antagon1sts and Inhlbltors--AI; Protein Kinase C Major Descriptors: "Environmental Pol 1ut1on--Stat 1st1 cal and --Metabol1sm--ME; Spectrophotometry. Atomic Absorption; Numerical Data--SN; "Industry; "Soil Pol 1utants--Analys1s--AN; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate--Pharmacology--PD; 8-Bromo Cyclic "Wood Adenos1ne Monophosphate--Pharmacology--PD CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Alkaloids); . 0 .(Calmodulin); 0 Minor Descriptors: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced--Ep1dem1ology --EP; Algorithms; Benzofurans--Analys1s--AN; Benzofurans .(Imidazoles); 16561-29-8 .(Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate); --Pharmacok1 net 1cs--PK; Benzofurans--Tox1c1ty--TO; Dose-Respo 23583-48-4 .(p-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate); 51-41-2 nse Relationship, Drug; Environmental Pollution --Adverse .(Norepinephrine); 56-65-5 .(Adenosine Triphosphate); Effects--AE; Mice; Monte Carlo Method; Pregnancy; Probability; 57265-65-3 .(R 24571); 62996-74-1 .(staurosporlne); 67-42-5 Risk; Soil PolIutants--Tox1city--T0; Structure-Activity .(Egtazlc Acid); 7439-92-1 .(Lead); 7440-70-2 .(Calcium) Relationship; Tetrachlorodlbenzodlox1n --Analogs and Enzyme 2.7.1.- No.: EC 1.1.1.27 .(Protein Kinase .(Lactate Dehydrogenase); EC C); EC 2.7.10.- .(Cyclic Deri vat Ives--AA; Tetrachlorodlbenzodloxln--Analys1s--AN; Tet rachlorodlbenzod1 ox1n--Pharmacok1 net 1cs--PK; Tetrachlorod1ben AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases) zod1ox1n--Tox1c1ty--T0; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency CAS Registry No.: 0 .(chlorinated dlbenzofurans); 0 01072196 94105459 MEDL/94105459 .(polychlorodlbenzo-4-dloxln); 0 .(Benzofurans); 0 .(Soil Comparing the results of a Monte Carlo analysis with EPA's Pol 1utants); 1746-01-6 .(Tetrachlorodlbenzodloxln) reasonable maximum exposed individual (RMEI): a case study of a former wood treatment site. Copeland TL; Paustenbach DJ; Harris MA; Otanl J 01072032 94104627 MEDL/94104627 ChemRIsk, 92714. a Division of McLaren/Hart, Irvine, California Base incorporation and extension at a site-specific ethenocytoslne by Escherichia coll DNA polymerase I Klenow Regul Toxicol Pharmacol; 18(2):275-312 1993 ISSN 0273-2300 fragment. Journal Code: RBH Slmha D; Yadav D; Rzepka RW; Palejwala VA; Humayun MZ Languages: ENGLISH Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMD-New Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Jersey Medical School, Newark 07103-2714. Journal Announcement: 9403 Mutat Res; 304(2):265-9 1994 ISSN 0165-1110 Subfile: L; M Journal Code: NNA In the United States, there are about 250 former sites that Contract/Grant No.: CA47234, CA, NCI treated wood with preservatives that are now In need of some degree of remediation. The soil at many of these sites Is (cont. next page) DIALOG = 001559 INFORMATION SERVICES. IN A VRDemLERT DD114 User:109740 ______________________________________________ DAVE PENNEY 10mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (1 terns 1-21) Item PAGE: 14 of 10 21 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R)_1963-1994/Mar (c) format only 1994 Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: L; M Ethenocytoslne (epsilon C) is a highly mutagenic exocycllc DNA lesion Induced by carcinogens vinyl chloride and urethane. We have examined base Incorporation and extension at a site-specific epsilon C residue by a quantitative gel electrophoretic assay using an exonuclease-deficlent version of Escherichia coll DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment) as the model enzyme. The data show that the KM for 1ncorporat1 on of adenine or thymine opposite epsilon C by Is about 5 orders of magnitude higher than that for the Incorporation of guanine opposite normal cytosine. The KM for base extension past epsilon C:A and epsilon C:T pairs is 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than that observed for a C:G pair. Although adenine mlslnsertlon Is favored over that of thymine, base extension occurs more readily when the base incorporated opposite epsilon C Is thymine. Tags: Support, ll.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Major Descriptors: *Cytosine--Analogs and Derlvat1ves--AA; *DNA--MetabolIsm--ME; *DNA Damage; *DNA Polymerase I--Genetics --GE; *Mutagenes1s, Site-Directed; *Mutagens--Metabol1sm--ME Minor Descriptors: Alkylating Agents--Metabol1sm--ME; Alkylating Agents--Toxlc1ty--T0; Base Composition; Base Sequence; Cytos1ne--Chem1stry--CH; Cytos1ne--Metabol1sm--ME; Cytos1ne--Tox1c1ty--T0; DNA--Chem1stry--CH; DNA Polymerase I --Metabol1sm--ME; Escherichia col 1--Enzymology--EN; Escherlch la col1--Genet1cs--GE; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagens --Toxicfty--T0; 01IgodeoxyrIbonucleotIdes--MetabolIsm--ME; Templates CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Alkylating Agents): 0 .(Mutagens); 0 .(01IgodeoxyribonucleotIdes); 0 .(3,N(4)-ethenocytoslne); 71-30-7 .(Cytosine); 9007-49-2 .(DNA) Enzyme No.: EC 2.7.7.- .(DNA Polymerase I) 01071935 94104039 MEDL/94104039 Tobacco-specific N-nltrosamlnes and Areca-derlved N-nltrosamlnes: chemistry, biochemistry, carcinogenicity, and relevance to humans. Hoffmann D; Brunnemann KD; Prokopczyk B; Djordjevic MV American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595. J Toxicol Environ Health; 4l(l):1-52 1994 ISSN 0098-4108 Journal Code: KAA Contract/Grant No.: CA-29580, CA, NCI; CA-17613. CA, NCI Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW. ACADEMIC journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: X; L; M Nicotine and the minor tobacco alkaloids give rise to tobacco-specific N-nltrosamlnes (TSNA) during tobacco processing anp during smoking. Chemical-analytleal studies led to the Identification of seven TSNA In smokeless tobacco (< or = 25 mlcrograms/g) and In mainstream smoke of cigarettes (1.3 micrograms TSNA/cigarette). Indoor air polluted by tobacco smoke ~y contain up to 24 pg/L of TSNA. In mice, rats, and 001560 DIs log Info.Svcs. hamsters, three TSNA, N'-nitrosonornicot1ne (NNN), 4-(methylnltrosamlno)-1 -(3-pyrIdy1)-1-butanone (NNK), and 4-(methylnltrosamlno)-1 -(3-pyrIdyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), are powerful carcinogens; , two TSNA are moderately active as carcinogens; and twc^TSMA appear not to be carcinogenic. The TSNA are procarcfnogeris, agents that require metabolic activation. The active forms of the carcinogenic TSNA react with cellular components, Including DNA, and with hemoglobin (Hb). The Hb adducts In chewers and smokers serve as biomarkers for the uptake and metabolic activation of carcinogenic TSNA and the urinary excretion of NNAL as free alcohol and as glucuronlde for the uptake of TSNA. The review presents evidence that strongly supports the concept that TSNA contribute to the increased risk for cancer of the upper digestive tract In tobacco chewers and for the Increased risk of lung cancer, especially pulmonary adenocarcinoma. In smokers. The high Incidence of cancer of the upper digestive tract especially among men on the Indian subcontinent has been causally associated with chewing of betel quid mixed with tobacco. In addition to the TSNA, the betel quid chewers are exposed to four N-nltrosamlnes that are formed during chewing from the Areca alkaloids, two of these N-nltrosamlnes are carcinogens. The article also reviews approaches toward the reduction of the carcinogenic potency of smokeless tobacco, betel quid-tobacco mixtures, and cigarette smoke. Although the safest way to reduce the risk for tobacco-related cancers Is to refrain from chewing and smoking, modif1 cat ions of smokeless tobacco and of cigarettes are indicated to lead to less toxic products. Another more recent approach for reducing the carcinogenic effect of tobacco products is the application of chemopreventlve agents, primarily of micronutrients. Future aspects In tobacco carcinogenesis, especially as It relates to TSNA, are expected in the field of molecular biochemistry and In biomarker studies, with the goal of identifying those tobacco and betel quid chewers and tobacco smokers who are at especially high risk for cancer. (250 Refs) Tags: Animal; Human; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Major Descriptors: *Areca--Chem1stry--CH; *Carcinogens --Toxlclty--T0; *Neoplasms--Chemically Induced--Cl; *N1trosaml nes--Toxicity--TO; Tobacco--Chemlstry--CH Minor Descriptors: Carc1nogens--Analysis--AN; Carcinogens --Chem1stry--CH; Hamsters; Mice; Neoplasms --Prevention and Control--PC; Nitrosamlnes--Analys1s--AN; Nitrosamlnes --Chem1stry--CH; Rats; Tobacco Smoke Pollution --Adverse Effects--AE; Tobacco Smoke Pollut1on--Analysis--AN; Tobacco, Smokeless--Adverse Effects--AE; Tobacco, Smokeless--Chemlstry - -CH CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Care 1 nogens); 0 .(Nltrosamines); O .(Tobacco, Smoke1 ess) 01069997 94094449 MEDL/94094449 The intensity of vanad1um(V)-1nduced cytotoxicity and morphological transformation In BALB/3T3 cells Is dependent on glutathione-mediated bioreduction to vanadlum(IV). (cont. next page) . = = =DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. A DD114 User: 109740 DAVE PENNEY 10rnar94 PR (1 terns 1-21) I tern PAGE: 16 of 11 21 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLXT(R)_19B3-1994/Mar (c) format only 1994 Sabblonl E; Pozzl G; Devos S; Plntar A; Casella L; Flschbach M Commission of the European Communities, Environment Institute, Joint Research Centre-Ispra Site, Varese, Italy. Carcinogenesis; 14(12):2565-8 1993 ISSN 0143-3334 Journal Code: C9T `Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: X; L; M Cytotoxicity and morphologlea 1 transformat1 on has been studied In BALB/3T3 Cl A31-1-1 mouse embryo cells for ammonium vanadate [vanadium(V)] and vanadyl sulphate [vanadlum(IV)] alone or In combination with d1ethy1ma1eate (DEM), a cellular glutathione (GSH)-deplet1ng agent. Cells exposed for 24 h to 10(~5) M vanadlum(V) alone or In combination with 3 x 10(-6) M DEM showed the characteristic hyperflne EPR signal of vanad1um(IV), which was more obvious In the case of exposure to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the amount of vanadlum(V) reduced to vanadlum(IV) decreased In GSH-depleted cells. While vanadlum(IV) at concentrations of 3 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M was not transforming In the cells, vanadlum(V) showed neoplastic transforming activity (P < 0.025 and P < 0.001 for the two doses, respectively) in comparison to controls (vanadium unexposed cells). Cytotoxicity and morphological transformation in cells exposed to vanadlum(V) In combination with 3 x 10(-6) M DEM were significantly more Intensive (P < 0.005 and P < 0.01 for the two doses of vanadate tested) compared to the corresponding values observed in cells exposed to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the final transforming activity response .Is dependent on the intracellular GSH-medlated mechanism of reduction of vanadlum(V) (to vanadlum(IV): (1) the extent to which vanadlum(V) should be bioreduced to less toxic vanadlum(IV) via intracellular GSH Is a key point In determining the Intensity of the observed neoplastic action; (11) the carcinogenic potential of vanadlum(V) should be strictly dependent on Its IntracelTular persistence which could lead to changes In normal metabolic patterns of vanadlum(V) In the oxidized form due to lack of GSH-medlated reduction. Tags: Animal Major Descriptors: *Cell Transformation, Neoplast1c--Drug Effects--DE; *G1utath1one--Metabol1sm--ME; *Vanad1um Compounds --Tox1 clty--TO Minor Descriptors: Biotransformat ion; Cell Survival--Drug Effects--DE; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Maleates --Pharmacology--PD; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; OxldatIon-Reduct Ion: Vanadium Compounds--MetabolIsm--ME; 3T3 Cells CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Maleates); 0 .(Vanadium Compounds); 141-05-9 .(diethyl maleate); 27774-13-6 .(vanadyl sulfate); 70-18-8 .(Glutathione) 001561 Dialog info.Svcs. 01069982 94094434 ME0L/94094434 Benzene and phenol metabolism by mouse and rat liver mlcrosomes. Schlosser PM; Bond JA,; Medlnsky MA Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Carcinogenesis; 14(12):2477-86 1993 ISSN 0143-3334 Journal Code: C9T Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: X; L; M Benzene, an Important Industrial solvent and constituent of unleaded gasoline, causes leukemia and aplastic anemia in humans. Mice are more sensitive than rats to benzene toxicity, though neither species has been shown to respond consistently with benzene-Induced leukemia. Benzene biotransformation in liver to phenol, hydroqu1 none, catechol and/or mucona1dehyde Is thought to be necessary for Its hematotoxlc1ty and/or genotox1c1ty. Our goal Is to develop a mathematical simulation model capable of describing the pathways and kinetics of benzene metabolism by rat and mouse liver mlcrosomes and to assess the role of species metabolic differences In species sensitivity. Mlcrosomes were Incubated with 4 mlcroM (U-14CJ-benzene or 4 mlcroM [U-14Cjphenol. Metabolite production was quantified by extraction Into ethyl acetate, HPLC separation and liquid scintillation spectroscopy. After 45 min, mouse liver mlcrosomes converted 20% of the benzene to phenol, 31% to hydroquinone and 2% to catechol. Rat liver mlcrosomes converted 23% of benzene to phenol, 8% to hydroquinone and 0.5% to catechol. Production of hydroquinone and catechol continued for 90 min for mouse liver mlcrosomes. while production by rat liver mlcrosomes had virtually ceased by 90 min. Muconic acid production by mouse liver mlcrosomes was < 0.2% and < 0.04% from benzene and phenol respectively after 90 min. A quantitative simulation model was constructed to describe the In vitro metabolism of benzene, 1ncorporat1ng the reaction sequences: benzene-->phenol-->catechol-->tr1hydro xybenzene and pheno1 -->hydroqu1 none-->tr1hydroxybenzene. In the model, all of the reaction steps are assumed to be catalyzed by the same enzyme(s), cytochrome(s) P450, and benzene, phenol, hydroquinone and catechol in solution are all assumed to compete, through reversible binding, for the same reaction site(s) on cytochrome(s) P450. The simulation model accurately described both the benzene and phenol kinetic data, supporting this proposed mechanism. In particular, this model suggests that the observed inhibition of benzene on phenol metabolism, and of phenol on benzene metabolism, occurs through competition for a common reaction site, which can also bind catechol and hydroquinone. Tags: Animal; In Vitro; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Major Descriptors: *Benzene--MetabolIsm--ME; ^Mlcrosomes, L1ver--Metabol1sm--ME; *Phenols--Metabol1sm--ME Minor Descriptors: Biotransformation; Mice; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 (cont. next page) -. -.......................... DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. INt V R DliOTOG 7ALERT DD114 User:109740 10mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (items 1-21) DAVE PENNEY________________________._________________________ Item PAGE: 17 of 12 21 DIALOG File 159: CANCERLIT(R)_1983-1994/Mar (c) format only 1994 CAS Registry No.: O .(Phenols); 108-95-2 .(phenol); 71-43-2 .(Benzene) 01069781 94093257 MEDL/94093257 [Handling of red silica gravel on sports, play and resort surfaces with special reference to new toxicologic results] Umgang mlt Kieselrot auf Sport-, Spiel- und Frelzeltflachen unter Berucks1cht1gung neuer toxikolog1scher UntersuchUngserge bnlsse. Heudorf U Gesundhe1tsamt der Stadt Frankfurt am Main. Gesundheitswesen; 55(10):521-6 1993 ISSN 0941-3790 Journal Code: BFD Languages: GERMAN Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE English Abstract Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: L In 1991 "Kieselrot", a material with extremely high PCDD/PCDF-contaminatlon up to about 200.000 ng TEQ/kg was detected on many leisure centres and sports fields In Germany. The contaminated grounds were closed, and covered up. The following examinations to prepare the planned decontamination are described here. The need for decontamination of those "K1ese1rot"-areas Is discussed with special reference to its relevance on behalf of environmental toxicology and preventive medicine. Risk estimates, based on mathematical models had shown a considerable health and cancer risk for the users of such play- and sports grounds. However, recent studies conducted with sportsmen, groundsmen, and residents after many years of contact with "Kleselrof-covered grounds did not reveal any additional PCDD/PCDF blood fat burden. But raised TEO-levels and a typical congeneric pattern pointing to a "K1eselrot"-load could be seen in some of the examined children. Following these results It was concluded that children play grounds contaminated with "Kieselrot" should remain closed and should be decontaminated, whereas sports fields could be used again. Another possibility could be the adaption of the decontamination concepts and methods to the proven low bloavallabi11ty of PCDD/PCDF from "Kieselrot". Tags: Female; Human; Male Major Descriptors: *Benzofurans--Analysis--AN; *Env1ronmenta 1 PolIutants--Analys1s--AN; *Polymers--Ana1ys1s--AN; *So11 PolIutants--Analys1s--AN; *Tetrachlorod1benzod1ox1n --Analogs and Derlvatlves'-AA Minor Descriptors: Adolescence; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Benzofurans--Tox1c1ty--T0; Body Burden; Child; Child, Preschool; Infant; Leisure Activities; Maximum Permissible Exposure Level; Middle Age; Play and Playthings; Polymers --Tox1city--T0; Sports; Tetrach1orodibenzodiox1n--Analys1s--AN ; Tetrachlorodibenzodiox in--Toxicity--TO CAS Registry No.: O .(polychlorodibenzo-4-dloxin); 0 .(polychlorodlbenzofuran); 0 .(Benzofurans); 0 .(Environments 1 Pollutant^); O .(Polymers); 0 .(Soil Pollutants); 1746-01-6 .(Tetrachlorodibenzodioxln) 001562 Dialog Info.Svcs. 01069668 94092366 MEDL/94092366 Methods development toward the measurement of polyaromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts by mass spectrometry. Glese RW; Vouros P .x` Department of Medicinal. Chemistry, Northeastern University, Boston. Ma 02115. Res Rep Health Eff Inst; (61): 1-25; discussion 27-36 1993 ISSN 1041-5505 Journal Code: AH8 Languages: ENGLISH Document Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Journal Announcement: 9403 Subfile: L; M The measurement of DNA adducts in human samples Is at an early stage. The accuracy of some of the current measurements Is not defined, the structures are unknown for a significant number of the adducts that have been detected, and there is little Information about how many adducts remain to be discovered. This Is due largely to the trace amounts of human DNA adducts In any sample. A consequence of this Is that the true potential of DNA adducts as Indicators of exposure and risk in human toxicology Is far from realized. Mass spectrometry, a powerful technique for organic analysis, is the key to exploiting fully the usefulness of human DNA adducts as biomarkers of human exposure and risk. Mass spectrometry can make accurate measurements, discover unknown compounds, and determine the structures of these unknown compounds. However, the trace (very small) amounts of human NA adducts have limited mass spectrometry's usefulness In analyzing such samples. This project focused on Increasing the sensitivity of mass spectrometry for measuring human DNA adducts. Advances In sensitivity have been achieved for two- modes of mass spectrometry applied to standards related to DNA adducts: gas chromatography with electron-capture negative ion mass spectrometry, and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry. These advances Involve both sample preparation and Instrument conditions. Tags: Animal; Human; Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Major Descriptors: *DNA--Analysis--AN; DNA--Chem1stry--CH; *DNA Damage; *Polycycl1c Hydrocarbons--Analysis--AN; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons--Chem1stry--CH; *Spectrum Analysis, Mass Minor Descriptors: Benzene--Chem1stry--CH: Benzo(a)pyrene --Analogs and Der1vat1ves--AA; Benzo(a)pyrene--Chem1stry--CH; Carcinogens, Environmental--Chem1stry--CH; Chromatography, Gas --Methods--MT; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; DeoxyadenosInes--Chem1stry--CH; Deoxyguanos1ne --Analogs and Derivat1ves--AA Deoxyguanos1ne--Chemistry--CH; E1ectrophores 1s--Methods--MT F1uorenes--Chem1stry--CH; Hydraz1nes --Chemistry--CH HydrogenatIon; 0x1dat1on-Reduct1 on; Pyrenes --Chem1stry--CH Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; Spectrum Analysis, Mass--Methods--MT; Superoxldes--Chemlstry --CH; 2-Acetylamlnofluorene--Chemistry--CH CAS Registry No.: 0 .(benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adduct); 0 .(Carcinogens, Environmental); 0 .(DeoxyadenosInes); 0 . (Fluorenes); 0 .(Hydrazines); 0 .(Polycyclic Hydrocarbons); (cont. next page) DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. IK A V'RDD|M2&4AILERT DD116 User:109740 07mar94 PR 523/5/ALL (Items 1-57) __________ _______ ________ _____ DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 18 of 12 57 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_198S-1994/MAR ISS 12 (c) 1994 Concept Codes: *00512 . General Biology-Conservation Resource Management *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industr1a 1 Tox1co1ogy *37015 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Air, Water and Soil Pollution 10059 . Btochemlcal Methods-Mlnerals 10932578 BIOSIS Number: 97132578 Modeling the concentrations of gas-phase toxic organic air pollutants: Direct emissions and atmospheric formation Harley R A: Cass G R Environ. Eng. Scl. Dep., Calif. Inst. Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA Environmental Science & Technology 28 (l). 1994. 88-98. Full Journal Title: Environmental Science & Technology ISSN: 0013-936X Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 082471 An Eulerlan photochemical air quality model Is described for the prediction of the atmospheric transport and chemical reactions of gas-phase toxic organic air pollutants. Model performance was examined In the Los Angeles, CA (USA), area over the period August 27-28, 1967. The organic compounds were drawn from a list of 189 species selected for control as hazardous air pollutants In the Clean Air Act amendments of 1990. The species considered Include benzene, various alkylbenzenes, phenol, cresols, 1,3-butadiene, acrolein, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and perchloroethylene among others. It Is found that photochemical generation contributes significantly to formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, and acrolein concentrations for the 2-day period studied. Phenol concentrations are dominated by direct emissions, despite the existence of a pathway for atmospheric formation from benzene oxidation. The finding that photochemical production can be a major contributor to the total concentratIons of some toxic organic species Implies that control programs for those species must consider more than just direct emissions. Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; AIR QUALITY MODEL; PHENOL; 1,3-BUTADIENE; ACROLEIN; FORMALDEHYDE; ACETALDEHYDE; PERCHLOROETHYLENE; ACETONE Concept Codes: *07504 . Ecology; Environmental Blology-BloclImatology and B1ometeoro1ogy *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37015 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Air, Water and Sol 1 Pollutlon 10050 . Biochemical Methods-General 10932564 BIOSIS Number: 97132564 Toxicity, Bloavallabl1 tty and metal spedat ion Jonnalagaddd S B: Rao P V V P Dep. Chemistry, University Zimbabwe, Box MP 167, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, RHO Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C Comparative 015462 BIOSIS Pharmacology and Toxicology 106 (3). 1993. 585-595. Full Journal Title: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology ISSN: 0742-8413 ,- Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 082440 1. Environmental toxicology emphasizes the difference from traditional toxicology in which pure compounds of interest are added to purified diets, or Injected Into the test animals. When the objective Is to study the fate an& effects of trace elements in the environment, knowledge of the speclatfon of the elements and their physico-chemical forms Is Important. 2. Cadmium salts such as the sulfides, carbonates or oxides, are practically Insoluble In water. However, these can be converted to water-soluble salts in nature under the Influence of oxygen and acids. Chronic exposure to Cd Is associated with renal toxicity In humans once a critical body burden Is reached. 3. The solubility of As(III) oxide In water Is fairly low, but high In either acid or alkali. In water, arsenic Is usually in the form of the arsenate or arsenlte. As(III) Is systemically more poisonous than the As(V), and As(V) Is reduced to the As(III) form before exerting any toxic effects. Organic arsenlcals also exert their toxic effects In vivo In animals by first metabolizing to the trlvalent arsenoxlde form. Some methyl arsenic compounds, such as dl- and trImethylars1nes, occur naturally as a consequence of biological activity. The toxic effect of arsenlte can be potentiated by dlthlols, while As has a protective effect against the toxicity of a variety of forms of Se in several species. 4. Selenium occurs In several oxidation states and many selenium analogues of organic sulfur compounds exist In nature. Selenium in selenate form occurs in alkaline soils, where It is soluble and easily available to plants. Selenite binds tightly to Iron and aluminum oxides and thus is quite Insoluble In soils. Hydrogen selenlde Is a very toxic gas at room temperature. The methylated forms of Se are much less toxic for the organism than selenite. However, the methylated Se derivatives have strong synergistic toxicity with other minerals such as arsenic. 5. Aquatic organisms absorb and retain Hg In the tissues, as methyl mercury. although most of the environmental Hg to which they are exposed is Inorganic. The methyl mercury In fish arises from the bacterial methylatlon of inorganic Hg. Methylmercury In the human diet Is almost completely absorbed into the bloodstream. The nervous system Is the principal target tissue affected by methylmercury in adult human beings, while kidney Is the critical organ following the Ingestion of Hg(II) salts. Descriptors/Keywords: LITERATURE REVIEW; HUMAN; PLANT; FISH; CADMIUM; ARSENIC; SELENIUM; METHYLMERCURY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; RENAL; NERVOUS SYSTEM TOXICITY Concept Codes: *13010 . Metabolism-Minerals *15506 . Urinary System and External Secretions-Pathology *20506 . Nervous System-Pathology -- (cont. next page) - -- -- -- DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. I. A VRDIALQ2fllsBRT DD116 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (items 1-57) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 32 of 19 57 DIALOG File 55: BIOSZS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/MAR ISS 12 (c) 86190 . Prlmates-Unspecifled 86375 . Murldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Primates; Nonhuman Primates; Rodents 1994 10926075 BIOSIS Number: 97126075 Structure-activity studies of human tumour necrosis factors Van Ostade X; Tavernier J; Flers W Inst. Med. Vet. Scl., Div. Human Immunol., PO Box 14 Rundle Mall Post Office, Adelaide 5000, South Australia, AUL Protein Engineering 7 (1). 1994. 5-22. Full Journal Title: Protein Engineering ISSN: 0269-2139 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 075947 The mechanism by which tumour necrosis factors (TNF and lymphotoxin, also called TNF-alpha and TNF-beta respectively) exert their cytotoxic activity on many malignant cells, remains largely unknown. Furthermore, the broad array of differentiation (gene Induction) and mitogenic activities towards many primary cells Is still a subject of Intensive Investigation. TNF Is an Important mediator Inflammation, Immune responses and Infection-related phenomena and these activities contribute to the severe toxicity seen when TNF is used as an anticancer agent. The first step In the mechanism of action Is the specific binding of the ligand to its receptors and dissection of the molecular mechanism Involved In this Interaction is the subject of this review. The reasons for the interest in this aspect are obvious: first, the development of strong antagonistic TNF analogues can be useful In dampening the potentially lethal or debilitating effects of an overproduction of the cytokine (as In septic shock or rheumatoid arthritis). . Secondly, since two distinct TNF receptors exist, construction of TNF muteins that distinguish between both types may lead to derivatives of this plelotroplc agent with a more restricted biological activity pattern. Ideally, one would like to develop a TNF mutant that has retained Its cytotoxic action on tumour cells without Inducing the deleterious systemic toxicity. Such an optimized TNF molecule could become a potent anticancer agent. Descriptors/Keywords: LITERATURE REVIEW; MOUSE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; HORMONE-DRUG; ANTINEOPLASTIC-DRUG; PHARMACODYNAMICS; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORS; LYMPHOTOXIN; INFLAMMATION; ACTION MECHANISM; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE OATA; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; PROTEIN ENGINEERING Concept Codes: *10010 . Comparative Biochemistry, General *10064 . Biochemical Studles-Protelns, Peptides and Amino Acids *10506 . Biophysics-Molecular Properties and Macromolecules *12508 . Pathology, General and Miscellaneous-Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease *12512 . Pathology, General and Miscellaneous-Therapy (1971- 015469 BIOSIS ) *15008 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body F1u1ds-Lymphat1c Tissue and Reticuloendothelial System , * 17002 . Endocr1ne Systern-Genera1 *22005 Pharmacology-Clinical Pharmacology (1972- ) *22016 . Pharmacology-Endocrine System *24008 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Therapeutlc Agents; Therapy 10068 . Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates Blosystemat1c Codes: 86215 . Homlnldae 86375 . Murldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Nonhuman Mammals; Rodents 10925475 BIOSIS Number: 97125475 Benzene and phenol metabolism by mouse and rat liver mlcrosomes Schlosser P M; Bond J A; Medlnsky M A Chemical Industry Inst. Toxicol., 6 Davis Dr., PD Box 12137, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Carcinogenesis (Oxford) 14 (12). 1993. 2477-2486. Full Journal Title: Carcinogenesis (Oxford) ISSN: 0143-3334 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 075344 Benzene, an important.industrial solvent and constituent of unleaded gasoline, causes leukemia and aplastic anemia In humans. Mice are more sensitive than rats to benzene toxicity, though neither species has been shown to respond consistently with benzene-Induced leukemia. Benzene b.lotransformatlon in liver to phenol, hydroqulnone, catechol and/or muconaldehyde Is thought to be necessary for its hematoxlclty and/or genotoxlclty. Our goal is to develop a mathematical' simulation model capable of describing the pathways and kinetics of benzene metabolism by rat and mouse liver mlcrosomes and to assess the role of species metabolic differences In species sensitivity. Mlcrosomes were Incubated with 4-mu-M (U-14C)-benzene or 4-mu-M (U-14C)phenol. Metabolite production was quantified by extraction into ethyl acetate, HPLC separation and liquid scintillation spectroscopy. After 45 min, mouse liver mlcrosomes converted 20% of the benzene to phenol, 31% to hydroqulnone and 2% to catechol. Rat liver mlcrosomes converted 23% of benzene to phenol, 8% to hydroqulnone and 0.5% to catechol. Production of hydroqulnone and catechol continued for 90 min for mouse liver mlcrosomes, while production by rat liver mlcrosomes had virtually ceased by 90 min. Muconlc acid production by mouse liver mlcrosomes was It 0.2% and It 0.04% from benzene and phenol respectively after 90 min. A quantitative simulation model was constructed to describe the In vitro metabolism of benzene. Incorporating (cont. next page) DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. I VPl&^ftftfe5RT DPI 16 g7T94 P Saa/5/ALL (1 terns 1-57) Item PAGE: 34 of 20 57 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/MAR ISS 12 (c) 1994 the reaction sequences: benzene fwdarw phenol fwdarw catechol fwdarw trlhydroxybenzene and phenol fwdarw hydroqulnone fwdarw trlhydroxybenzene. In the model, all of the reaction steps are assumed to be catalyzed by the same enzyme(s), cytochrome(s) P450, and benzene, phenol, hydroqulnone and catechol In solution are all assumed to compete, through reversible binding, for the same reaction slte(s) on cytochrome(s) P450. The simulation model accurately described both the benzene and phenol kinetic data, supporting this proposed mechanism. In particular, this model suggests that the observed Inhibition of benzene on phenol metabolism, and of phenol on benzene metabolism, occurs through competition for a common reaction site, which can also bind catechol and hydroqulnone. Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; CARCINOGENS; LEUKEMIA Concept Codes: *02506 . Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal *13002 . Metabolism-General Metabolism; Metabolic Pathways *14004 . Digestive System-Physiology and Biochemistry 15006 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Reticuloendothelial Pathologies *15008 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Lymphatlc Tissue and Reticuloendothelial System 22501 Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental *24006 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Blochemlstry *24007 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carclnogens and Care1 nogenes1s *24010 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Blood and Retlculoendothellal Neoplasms 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General 32600 . In Vitro Studies, Cellular and Subcellular Blosystematic Codes: 86215 . Horn1n1dae 86375 . Mur 1dae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans; Nonhuman Vertebrates;*Nonhuman Mammals; Rodents 10925453 BIOSIS Number: 97125453 The Intensity of vanadium-(V)-Induced cytotoxicity and morphological transformation In BALB-3T3 cells is dependent on glutathione-mediated bloreduction to vanadlum-(IV) Sabblonl E; Pozzl G; Devos S; Plntar A; Casella L; Flschbach M Commission European Communities, Environment Inst., Joint Res. Centre Ispra Site, 21020 Ispra, ITL Carcinogenesis (Oxford) 14 (12). 1993. 2565-2568. Full Journal Title: Carcinogenesis (Oxford) ISSN: 0143-3334 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 075348 Cytotoxicity and morphological transformation has been studied In BALB/3T3 Cl A31-1-1 mouse embryo cells for ammonium vanadate (vanad1um(V)) and vanadyl sulphate (vanadium (IV)) 015470 alone or In combination with dlethylmaleate (DEM), a cellular glutathione (GSH)-depletlng agent. Cells exposed for 24 h to 10-5 M vanadlum(V) alone or In combination with 3 times 10-6 M DEM showed the characteristic hyperflne EPR signal of vanadium (IV), which was mor'e: obvious In the case of exposure to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the amount of vanadlum(V) reduced to vanadlum(IV) decreased In GSH-depleted cells. While vanadlum(IV) at concentrations of 3 times 10-6M and 10-5M was not transforming In the cells, vanadium(V) showed neoplastic transforming activity (P It 0.025 and P It 0.001 for the two doses, respectively) In comparison to controls (vanadium unexposed cells). Cytotoxicity and morphological transformat1 on In cells exposed to vanadium (V) In combination with 3 times 10-6 M DEM were significantly more Intensive (P It 0.005 and P It 0.01 for the two doses of vanadate tested) compared to the correspond 1ng values observed In cells exposed to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the final transforming activity response Is dependent on the Intracellular GSH-medlated mechanism of reduction of vanadlum(V) to vanadlum(IV): (1) the extent to which vanadium(V) should be bioreduced to less toxic vanadlum(IV) via Intracellular GSH Is a key point In determining the intensity of the observed neoplastic action; (11) the carcinogenic potential of vanadium(V) should be strictly dependent on Its Intracellular persistence which could lead to changes In normal metabolic patterns of vanadlum(V) in the oxidized form due to lack of GSH-medlated reduction. Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; MOUSE FIBROBLASTS; AMMONIUM VANADATE; VANADYL SULFATE; CARCINOGENS; DIETHYLMALEATE; METABOLIC-DRUG Concept Codes: *02506 . Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal *13010 . Metabolism-Minerals *13012 . Metabolism-Proteins, Peptides and Amino Acids *22003 . Pharmacology-Drug Metabolism; Metabolic Stimulators *22501 . Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental *24005 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Neoplast1c Cell L1 nes *24006 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Bloehemistry 24007 . Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carclnogens and Carcinogenesis 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General 10064 . Biochemical Studles-Protelns, Peptides and Amino Acids 10069 . Biochemical Studles-Minerals 18004 . Bones, Joints, Fasciae, Connective and Adipose Tissue-Physiology and Biochemistry 32500 . Tissue Culture, Apparatus, Methods and Media Blosystematic Codes: 86375 . Mur 1dae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates: Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Rodents DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. IN VR0IM]O@2 WISER! DD116 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-57) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 42 of 25 57 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/MAR ISS 12 (c) Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Carnivores; Primates; Humans 1994 10917672 BIOSIS Number: 97117672 Sinus histiocytosis of pelvic lymph nodes after hip replacement: A histiocytic proliferation Induced by cobalt-chromium and titanium Albores-Saavedra J; Vultch F; Delgado R; Wiley E; Hagler H Dlv. Anat. Pathol., Dap. Pathol., UT-Southwestern Med. Cent., 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75235-9072, USA American Journal of Surgical Pathology 18 (1). 1994. 83-90. Full Journal Title: American Journal of Surgical Pathology ISSN: 0147-5185 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 006 Ref. 067550 Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; TOXICITY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMIS-TRY Concept Codes: *02508 . Cytology and Cytochemistry-Human *10511 B1ophys1cs-B1oeng1neer1ng *15006 Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Reticuloendothelial Pathologies *15008 Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Lymphatlc Tissue and Reticuloendothelial System *18006 Bones, Joints. Fasciae, Connective and Adipose Tissue-Pathology 01056 Microscopy Technlques-Hlstology and Histochemistry 10069 B1ochemleal Stud1es-M1nera1s 11316 Chor^date Body Reglons-Pelvis (1970- ) Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . Homlnldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans 10915693 BIOSIS Number: 97115693 Twenty-efght-day repeated dose toxicity tests of O-nltrotoluene in VMstar rats Kaneko T; Shimo T; Yasuhara X; HI rose A; Ogawa Y; Suzuki 5; NakaJ1 Y; Kurokawa Y Dlv. Toxicol., Biol. Safety Res. Cent., Natl. Inst. Health' Scl., JAP Journal of Toxicological Sciences 18 (4). 1993. 422. Full Journal Title: 20th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Toxicological Sciences, Chiba, Japan, July 29-30,. 1993. Journal of Toxicological Sciences ISSN: 0388-1350 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Numberi Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 044586 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING PAPER; LIVER; SPLEEN; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA: NITROBENZENE TOXICITY 015475 ISIS Concept Codes: *14006 . Digestive System-Pathology *15006 Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Reticuloendothelial Pathologies *15008 Blood, Bloocf-Formlng Organs and Body Flulds-Lymphatlc Tissue and Reticuloendothelial System *22501 Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental 00520 General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10060 Biochemical Studies-General Blosystematlc Codes: 86375 . Muridae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Rodents i 10914606 BIOSIS Number: 97114606 Density, diversity and incidence of deformities of benthic invertebrates near a vinyl chloride discharge point source In the Niagara River watershed Dlckman M 0; Ryglel G Biol. Scl. Dep., Brock Univ., St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CAN 0 (0). 1993. 663-680. Full Journal Title: Gorsuch, J. W., et al. (Ed.). ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Special Technical Publication, 1216. Environmental toxicology and risk assessment, 2nd volume; Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment: Aquatic, Plant, and Terrestrial, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, April 26-30, 1992. x11+730p. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): Philadelphia. Pennsylvania, USA. ISBN 0-8031-1485-0. ISSN: 0066-0558 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: BOOK; CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. Ref. 043499 046 Iss. 003 Descriptors/Keywords: BOOK CHAPTER; MEETING PAPER; CHIRONOMID: ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY; TERATOGENICITY Concept Codes: *07508 Ecology; Environmental Biology-Animal *07514 Eco1ogy; Env1ronmental B1ology-L1mnology *22506 *25503 Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Developmental B1ology-Embryology-Pathoiogleal *25552 Developmental B1ology-Embryology-Descr1pt1ve Teratology and Teratogenesls *64078 Invertebrata, Comparative and Experimental Morphology. Physiology and 00520 Pathology-Insecta-Pathology General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals (cont. next page) DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. INC. V |yS#5t?2AtM^T DD116 User:109740 DAVE PENNEY 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-57) Item PAGE: 45 of 26 57 DIALOG File 55: 8X0SXS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/MAR XSS 12 (c) 1994 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General Blosystematlc Codes: 75314 . Dlptera Super Taxa: Animals: Invertebrates: Arthropods; Insects 10914597 BI0SI5 Number: 97114597 Metal accumulation In blood and milk of dairy cows grazed or fed by fodder grown on a sewage water disposal site Varadarajan K; Pallwal K; Rajamanlckam C Sch. Biol. Scl., Madurai Kamaraj Unlv., Madurai 625 021. IND 0 (0). 1993. 510-520. Full Journal Title: Gorsuch, d. W., et al. (Ed.). ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Special Technical Publication. 1216. Environmental toxicology and risk assessment, 2nd volume; Symposium-on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment: Aquatic, Plant, and Terrestrial, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, April 26-30, 1992. x11+730p. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. ISBN 0-8031-1485-0. ISSN: 0066-0558 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: BOOK; CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 043490 Descriptors/Keywords: BOOK CHAPTER; MEETING PAPER: LEAD; IRON.; ZINC; ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY Concept Codes: *13010 . Metabolism-Minerals *15002 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs an.d Body Flulds-BJood and Lymph Studies * 16506 Reproductive System-Pathology *22506 Toxicology-EnvIronmental and Industrial Toxicology *25502 Developmental B1ology-Embryology-Genera1 and Descriptive *26504 Animal Production-Feeds and Feeding *37014 Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures *38004 Veterinary Science-Pathology 00520 General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10069 Biochemical Studies-Mlnerals 13518 Food Technology-Dairy Products Blosystematlc Codes: 85715 . Bovldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Artlodactyls 10914575 BIOSIS Number: 97114575 A short-tenb test for dioxin teratogenicity using chicken embryos Henshel D S; Hehn B M; Vo M T; Steeves J D India***' Unlv. Sch. Public Environ. Affairs, Bloomington. IN 015476 BIOSIS 47405, USA O (0). 1993. 159-174. Full Journal Title: Gorsuch, J. W., et al. (Ed.). ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Special Technical Publication, 1216. Environmental toxicology and risk assessment. 2nd volume; Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment: Aquatic, Plant, and Terrestrial, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, April 26-30, 1992. x11+730p. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. ISBN 0-8031-1485-0. ISSN: 0066-0558 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: BOOK; CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 043468 Descrlptors/Keywords: BOOK CHAPTER; MEETING RAPER; ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY TESTING METHOD Concept Codes: *22501 . Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *25503 . Developmental B1ology-Embryology-Pathoioglcal *25552 . Developmental Biology-Embryology-DescriptIve Teratology and Teratogenes1s *37015 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Air, Water and Sol 1 Pollution 00520 . General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences. Congresses, Review Annuals 10060 Biochemical Studies-General Blosystematlc Codes: 85536 . Galllformes Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; B1 rds 10911371 BIOSIS Number: 97111371 Enhanced fatty-acid synthase (FAS) activity In hypertrophic alveolar type II cells from silica-treated rats: Studies on function and messenger RNA levels Rami J; Stenzel W; Puel-M'RInl C; Besombes J P; Rooney S A INSERM CJF 9107, 31054 Toulouse, FRA Molecular Biology of the Cell 4 (SUPPL.). 1993. 335A. Full Journal Title: Thirty-third Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, December 11-15, 1993. Molecular Biology of the Cell ISSN: 1059-1524 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 040264 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; MEETING POSTER; TOXICITY; CHOLINE PHOSPHATE CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE Concept Codes: *02506 . Cytology and Cytochemistry-Animal (cont. next page) DIALOG , INFORMATION SERVICES. . A V #IAtQG 2 AliERT DD116 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-57) Item PAGE: 52 of 28 57 DIALOG File 55: BXOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_1935-1994/MAR ISS 12 (c) 1994 10908624 BIOSIS Number: 97108624 Volatilizing toxic metals from soil Clifford D A; Chen S-S; Reznik C; Hampton M Dep. Civil and Environ. Eng., Unlv. Houston, Houton, TX 77204-4791, USA Waste Management 13 (5-7). 1993. 520. Full Journal Title: Symposium on Emerging Technologies: Metals, Oxidation, and Separation, Belmont, Texas, USA, February 25-26, 1993. Waste Management ISSN: 0956-053X Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 iss. 003 Ref. 037517 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; LEAD; LEAD SULFIDE; LEAD SULFATE; LEAD NITRATE; LEAD CARBONATE; LEAD OXIDE; CADMIUM; MERCURY; ZINC; ARSENIC; SELENIUM Concept Codes: *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37014 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures *37015 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Air, Water and Sol 1 Pollution *52005 . Soil Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) 00520 . General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10059 . Biochemical Methods-Mlnerals 10908606 BIOSIS Number: 97108606 Volatilizing toxic metals from soil Clifford D A; Chen S-S; Reznik C Dep. Civil and Environ. Eng., Unlv. Houston, Houston, TX 77204-4791, USA Waste Management 13 (5-7). 1993. 467-479. Full Journal Title: Symposium on Emerging Technologies: Metals, Oxidation, and Separation, Belmont, Texas, USA, February 25-26, 1993. Waste Management ISSN: 0956-053X Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 037499 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING PAPER; LEAD SULFATE; LEAD CARBONATE; LEAD NITRATE; LEAD; CADMIUM; MERCURY; ZINC; ARSENIC; SELENIUM; BATTERY WASTE SITE Concept Codes: *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37014 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Sewage Disposal and Sanitary Measures ,*37015 . Public Health: Envlronmenta1 Health-Air, Water and Soil Pollution *52805 . SoM Science-Physics and Chemistry (1970- ) 00520 . General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 015478 BIOSIS 10059 Biochemical Methods-Mlnerals 10905778 BIOSIS Number: 97105778 Generation of reactive oxygen from the copper-mediated oxidation of the benzene metabolite, 1,4-hydroqulnone: Role In DNA damage LI Y; Kuppusamy P; Zweier J L; Trush M A Johns Hopkins Med. Inst., Baltimore, MD, USA Free Radical Biology & Medicine 15 (5). 1993. 540. Full Journal Title: 1st Annual Meeting of the Oxygen Society on Oxygen, Charleston, .South Carolina, USA, November 12-17, 1993. Free Radical Biology & Medicine ISSN: 0891-5849 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 034671 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; TOXICITY Concept Codes: *13002 . Metabolism-General Metabolism; Metabolic Pathways *13010 . Metabolism-Minerals *22501 . Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental 00520 . General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review * Annuals 10012 . Biochemistry-Gases (1970- ) 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General 10062 . Biochemical Studles-Nuclelc Acids, Purines and Pyrimidines 10069 . Biochemical Studles-Mlnerals Blosystemat1c Codes: 33000 . Animalla-Unspeolfled Super Taxa: Animals 10904133 BIOSIS Number: 97104133 Leukemia induced by chemicals Snyder R Joint Graduate Program Toxicol., Environmental Occupational Health Sci. Inst., Rutgers State Unlv. New Jersey/UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Med. Sch., 681 FrelInghuysen Road, Plscataway, NJ 08855-1179, USA Annals of Hematology 67 (SUPPL.). 1993. A119. Full Journal Title: Annual Meeting of the German and the Austrian Society of Hematology and Oncology, Essen. Germany, October 10-13, 1993. Annals of Hematology ISSN: 0939-5555 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 033026 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; HUMAN; BENZENE; ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY; APLASTIC ANEMIA; ANALYTICAL METHOD (cont. next page) DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. IW. A VR0IM^7ALERT DD116 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-57) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 55 of 29 57 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/KAR XSS 12 (c) 1994 Concept Codes: *15001 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-General; Methods * 15006 Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Reticuloendothelial Pathologies *15008 Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Lymphatlc Tissue and Reticuloendothelial System *22506 Toxicology-EnvIronmental and Industrial Toxicology *24007 Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Carclnogens and Card nogenes 1 s *24010 Neoplasms and Neoplastic Agents-Blood and Retlculoendothellal Neoplasms *37015 Public Health: Environmental Health-Air. Water and Sol 1 Pollutlon 00520 General Biology-Symposia. Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10050 . Biochemical Methods-General 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . HornInidae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans 10901738 BrOSrS Number: 97101738 Blood lead levels and neuropsychologic function in elderly women Muldoon S B; Cauley J A; Kuller L; Scott J Univ. Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261,. USA American Journal of Epidemiology 138 (8). 1993. 644-645. Full Journal^, Title: Twenty-sixth Annual Meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, Keystone, Colorado, USA, June 16-18, 1993. American Journal of Epidemiology ISSN: 0002-9262 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref. 030631 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; HUMAN; TOXICITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DIAGNOSIS; PATHOLOGY; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; PSYCHOMOTOR SPEED; SENSORIMOTOR FUNCTION Concept Codes: *15006 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Reticuloendothelial Pathologies *20506 . Nervous System-Pathology 21002 . Psychiatry-Psychopathology; Psychodynamics and Therapy *22501 . Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental *24500 . Gerontology *37054 . Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms 00520 . Gerleral Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General 015479 BXOSIS 10069 . Biochemical Studles-Mlnerals 12512 . Pathology, General and Miscellaneous-Therapy (1971- ) Blosystematlc Codes: . 86215 . Homlnldae ' Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans 10901732 BIOSIS Number: 97101732 Blood lead levels among radiator repair workers in Colorado Dalton C B; McCammon J B; Hoffman R E Colorado Dep. Health. Denver, CO 80222, USA American (Journal of Epidemiology 138 (8). 1993. 643. Full Journal Title: Twenty-sixth Annual Meeting of the Society for Epidemiologic Research, Keystone, Colorado, USA, June 16-18, 1993. American Journal of Epidemiology ISSN: 0002-9262 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 003 Ref.' 030625 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; HUMAN; EPIDEMIOLOGY: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; TOXICITY Concept Codes: *15006 . Blood, Blood-Forming Organs and Body Flulds-Blood, Lymphatic and Retlculoendothellal Pathologies *22501 *37013 Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health *37054 Public Health: Epidemiology-Organic Diseases and Neoplasms 00520 General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10060 Biochemical Studles-General 10069 Biochemical Studles-M1nera1s Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . Homlnldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES, IF A 7ALfeRT DD116 User:109740 08apr94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-63) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 27 of 10 63 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_1985-1994/Mar Iss 16 (c) 1994 115697 The Province of Ontario has had a surveillance program for workers in dusty industries for almost 70 years. This paper reports the detection rates of silicosis among 68,701 silica-exposed Individuals who were first exposed to dust In 1950 or later, and who were still employed In 1979 or later. The detection rate varied strongly with latency, being less than two new cases per 10,000 examinations during the first two decades from first exposure, reaching two new cases per 1,000 examinations at 27 years from first exposure, and averaging between two and four new cases per 1,000 examinations thereafter. The silicosis incidence rate among miners was only about half that among foundry workers. Cigarette smoking was also found to be a risk factor for the diagnosis of silicosis. These data were used to model the detection rate of new cases of silicosis as a function of the time Interval between examinations, and results are presented for examination cycles between 2 and 10 years. Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL TOXICITY; DIAGNOSIS; CANADA Concept Codes: *12504 . Pathology, General and Miscellaneous-Diagnostic *16006 . Respiratory System-Pathology *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industr/lal Toxicology *37013 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health 10069 . Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . Hominidae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals: Primates; Humans 10982025 BIOSIS Number: 97182025 Chewing electric wire coatings: An unusual source of lead poisoning Franco G; Cottica D; M'inoia C Cattedra di Med. dellavoro del 1'Universita di Modina, via Campl 287, 1-41100 Modena, ITL American Journal of Industrial Medicine 25 (2). 1994. 291-296. Full Journal Title: American Journal of Industrial Medicine ISSN: 0271-3586 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 008 Ref. 115695 This report describes a case of lead poisoning occurring in an. electrician as the result of an unusual personal habit, namely, the chewing of lead-containing coatings of electric wires. A coating chewing test showed that a few minutes after beginning chewing, saliva lead concentration Increased from 10 mu-g/1 to several milligrams per liter. This case Is an example of (poisoning caused by an occupationally related source (coatings containing lead) as a consequence of a singular and unconventional worker's habit. Descriptors/Keywords: CASE STUDY; HUMAN; EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOR; HYGJ' OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY 014804 BIOSIS Concept Codes: *21002 . Psychiatry-Psychopathology; Psychodynamics and Therapy *22506 . Toxicology,^Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37013 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health 07004 . Behavioral Biology-Human Behavior 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . Hominidae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans 10982024 BIOSIS Number: 97182024 Muconic acid in urine: A reliable indicator of occupational exposure to benzene Lauwerys R R: Buchet J-P; Andrlen F Industrial Toxicology Occupational Med. Unit, Fac. Med., Catholic Univ. Louvain, 30.54. cios Chapelle-aux-Champs, 1200 Brussels, BEL American Journal of Industrial Medicine 25 (2). 1994. 297-300. Full Journal Title: American Journal of Industrial Medicine ISSN: 0271-3586 Language: ENGLISH Print Number: Biological Abstracts Vol. 097 Iss. 008 Ref. 115694 In male subjects not occupationally exposed to benzene, the concentration of muconic acid (MA) in urine Is usually below 0.5 mg/g creatinine. At ambient levels of benzene exposure (below 0.01 ppm), the mean MA level was greater in 21 smokers than In 14 nonsmokers. In 38 male subjects employed In garages and coke ovens, a statistically significant correlation was found between the airborne concentration of benzene measured with passive monitors and MA in postshift urine. The.mean postshift MA concentrations corresponding to a benzene 8-hour time-weighted average exposure (TWA) of 0.5 and 1 ppm were 0.8 and 1.4 mg/g creatinine, respectively. Descriptors/Keywords: RESEARCH ARTICLE; HUMAN; OCCUPATIONAL TOXICOLOGY Concept Codes: *15506 . Urinary System and External Secretlons-Pathology *22506 . Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37013 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Hea1th 10060 . Biochemical Studles-General Blosystematlc Codes: 86215 . Hominidae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. . ddii6 User:109740 DAVE PENNEY 08apr94 PR S23/5/AIL (Items 1-63) Item PAGE: 52 of 30 63 DIALOG File 55: BIOSIS PREVIEWS(R)_198S-1994/Mar Iss 16 (c) 1994 Investigative Dermatology and the Western Student Medical Research Committee, Carmel, California, USA, February 9-12, 1994. Clinical Research ISSN: 0009-9279 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 004 Ref. 055034 Descriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; RAT; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; GONADOTROPIN; GONADOLIBERIN; LHRH; TRANSCRIPTIONAL MESSENGER RNA LEVEL; MALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXTCITY Concept Codes: *03506 . Genetics and Cytogenetics-Animal *03510 . Genetics and Cytogenetics-Sex Differences 10300 . Replication, TranscrIpt1 on. Translation *13014 . Metabolism-Nucleic Acids, Purines and Pyrimidines 16506 . Reproductive System-Pathology *17006 . Endocrine System-Gonads and Placenta *17014 . Endocrine System-Pituitary *17020 . Endocrine System-Neuroendocrinology (1972- ) 20504 . Nervous System-Physiology and Biochemistry *22501 . Toxicology-General; Methods and Experimental 00520 . General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10062 Biochemical Studles-Nuclelc Acids, Purines and Pyrimidines 10064 Biochemical Studles-Protelns, Peptides and Amino Acids 10068 Biochemical Studies-Carbohydrates 10069 Biochemical Studies-Minerals Blosystemat1c;Codes: 86375 . Muridae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Nonhuman Vertebrates; Mammals; Nonhuman Mammals; Rodents 10957542 BIOSIS Number: 97157542 Monitoring occupational exposure to some industrial chemicals by the determination of hemoglobin adducts Van Sittert N J; Van VI let E W N Shell Internationale Petroleum Maatschappl B.V., Health Safety and Environment Dlv., P.0. Box 162, 2501 AN The Hague, NET Naunyn-Schmledeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 348 (SUPPL.). 1993. R174. Full Journal Title: Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Pharmakologle und Toxlkologle (German Society for Pharmacology and Toxicology) Fifth Winter Meeting, Hannover, Germany, December 1-3, 1993. Naunyn-Schmledeberg's Archives of Pharmacology ISSN: 0028-1298 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 004 Ref. Of 3 rt i/n ir ISIS Descriptors/Keywords:- MEETING ABSTRACT; HUMAN; ETHYLENE OXIDE; PROPYLENE OXIDE; ETHYLENE; 1.3-BUTADIENE; TOXICITY Concept Codes: ,1 *10006 . Clinical Biochemistry: General Methods and Applications *10054 . Biochemical Methods-Prote1 ns, Peptides and Amino Acids *22506 . Tox1 cology-Envlronmenta1 and Industrial Toxicology *37013 . Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health 00520 . General B1ology-Symposla, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annua 1s 10060 B lochemlca1 Studies-Genera 1 10064 Biochemical Studles-Protelns. Peptides and Amino Ac Ids 10065 Biochemical Studfes-Porphyr1ns and Bile Pigments B1osystemat1c Codes: 86215 . Homlnldae Super Taxa: Animals; Chordates; Vertebrates; Mammals; Primates; Humans 10957540 BIOSIS Number: 97157540 Biomonitoring and subcllnlcal effect In tetraethyl lead exposed persons in Hubei, China Zhang W; Golka K Inst. Occupational Med., Tonglj Med. Unlv., Wuhan/Hubei, 430030, CHN Naunyn-Schmledeberg's Archives of Pharmacology 348 (SUPPL.). 1993. R174. Full Journal Title: Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Pharmakologle und Toxlkologle (German Society for Pharmacology and Toxicology) Fifth Winter Meeting. Hannover, Germany, December 1-3, 1993. Naunyn-Schmledeberg's Archives of Pharmaco1ogy ISSN: 0028-1298 Language: ENGLISH Document Type: CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Print Number: Biological Abstracts/RRM Vol. 046 Iss. 004 Ref. 054141 Oescriptors/Keywords: MEETING ABSTRACT; TOXICOLOGY; GASOLINE ADDITIVE; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; URINE Concept Codes: *15504 Urinary System and External Secretlons-Physlology *22506 and Biochemistry Toxicology-Environmental and Industrial Toxicology *37013 Public Health: Environmental Health-Occupational Health 00520 General Biology-Symposia, Transactions and Proceedings of Conferences, Congresses, Review Annuals 10069 Biochemical Studles-Minerals Blosystemat1c Codes: 86215 . Homlnldae (cont. next page) = DIALOG INFORMATION SERVICES. INC. VRDM&y4ALERT DD117 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (iterns 1-72) DAVE PENNEY Item PAGE: 5 of A 6 72 0IAL0G File 154: MEDLINE_1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) dysfunctional despite continued oxygen ventilation. Spontaneous breathing and cardiovascular performance following STX-induced apnea could all be promptly restored (typically in less than a minute) by combined oxygen/antitoxin therapy. Notable also was a state of uncompensated acidemia (as revealed by changes in arterial pH and C02 tension) which persisted throughout the course of therapeutic Intervention. Notwithstanding, the ventilatory frequency continued to be low, the central respiratory activity pattern remained aberrant, and the ECoG amplitudes were still depressed. In consideration of these findings, and of the large molecular weight of alpha-STX antitoxin (> 150,000 Da) which limits its entry into the CNS, we are of the opinion that the therapeutic effects of antitoxin are probably confined primarily to the periphery. Tags: Animal Descriptors: *Ant 1 toxins--Immunology--IM; *Antitoxins --Therapeutic Use--TU; `Cardiac Output. Low --Chemically Induced--CI; *Cardlac Output, low--Therapy--TH; `Respiratory Insuff1c1ency--Chemleal 1y Induced--CI; `Respiratory Insuffici ency--Therapy--TH; *Sax1toxin--Immunology--IM; `Saxltoxin --Toxlclty--T0; Adrenal Glands--Drug Effects--DE; Antibodies --Therapeut1c Use--TU; Cardiac Output, Low--Phys1opathology --PP; Cardiovascular System--Drug Effects--DE: Electrocardiogr aphy; Electrophysiology; Guinea Pigs: Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; PerIssodactyla; Respiratory Insufficiency --Phys1opatho1ogy--PP CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Antibodies); 0 .(Antitoxins); 35523-89-8 .(Saxltoxln) 08805516 9f120516 Pharmacokinetic interaction between benzene metabolites, phenol and hydroquInone, in B6C3F1 mice. Legathe A; Hoener BA; Tozer TN Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of California at San Francfsco 94143-0446. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (UNITED STATES) Jan 1994, 124 (1) p131-8, ISSN 0041-008X Journal Code: VWO Contract/Grant No.: ES 04705, ES, NIEHS Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS There Is strong evidence that metabolites are responsible for adverse effects of benzene. Benzene myelotoxicity, reproduced by coadministering phenol (PH) and hydroqutnone (HO) but not when these benzene metabolites were administered alone, has been postulated to be induced by PH stimulating the myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of HO to the toxic 1.4-benzoquinone In bone marrow. A pharmacokinetic Interaction between PH and HO is also hypothesized to contribute to the observation.! Both metabolites are sulfoconjugated and glucuronoconjugated. Sulfoconjugation of phenolic substrates has been shown to approach saturation at high concentrations in rats. Thus, more PH may be converted to HO and HO conjur * on may be diminished. These effects would Increase 101714 the amounts of PH and HO present and result (by further oxidation) in the formation of more 1,4-benzoqu1 none. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the pharmacokinetics in blood and the recovery of 'hydroqu1 none and phenol in urine when the metabolites were administered 1ntraperitoneal1y alone or in combination at 75 mg/kg each to B6C3F1 mice. The combination resulted in a 2.6-fold Increase in the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of HQ compared to the sum of AUC values observed after administration of each compound alone. The half-life of HQ was also increased from 9 +/- 2 to 15 +/- 3 min. The AUC of PH was increased by a factor of 1.4. The clearance of phenol decreased from 89 +/- 13 ml/min per kilogram when injected alone to 62 +/- 7 ml/min per kilogram after coadministration. A decreased clearance of formation of each conjugate demonstrated that both conjugation pathways were diminished. This interaction may contribute to the observed production of myelotoxicity when these metabolites are coatim1n1stered. Tags: Animal; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Support. U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Descriptors: `Benzene--Toxic1ty--TO; `Hydroquinones --Pharmacokinetics--PK; `Phenols--Pharmacokinetics--PK; Benzen e - - Metabol 1 sro- -ME ; Drug I r> teract 1 ons; G1 ucuronates--Ur 1 ne- - UR ; Hydroqu!nones--Blood--BL; Hydroqu!nones--Pharmacology--PD; Hydroquinones--Ur 1ne--UR; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Models, Biological; Phenols--B1ood--BL; Phenol s--Pharmaco1ogy--PD: Phenols--Ur1ne--UR; Sulfates--Ur1ne--UR CAS Registry No.: 0 .(G1ucuronates); 0 .(Hydroquinones); 0 .(Phenols); 0 .(Sulfates); 108-95-2 .(phenol); 123-31-9 .(hydroquinone); 71-43-2 .(Benzene) 08805515 94120515 Role of quinone reductase in In vivo ethanol metabolism and toxicity. Chung JH; Cha YN; Rubin RJ Division of Toxicological Sciences, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (UNITED STATES) Jan 1994, 124 (1) p123-30, ISSN 0041-008X Journal Code: VWO Contract/Grant No.: RO1-AA06O49, AA, NIAAA Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS Quinone reductase (QR). In the presence of suitable substrate, results in the regeneration of NAD+ from NADH. To test the hypothesis that QR can play a role in ethanol metabolism and toxicity, we studied the effect of a quinone as well as of Induced levels.of QR on ethanol administered in vivo to male rats and mice. Butylated hydroxyanlsole (BHA) Is known both to induce QR and to be metabolized to tert-butyl quinone (TBQ). Dietary BHA (0.75% for 10 days), followed by oral ethanol (4 g/kg, by gavage), increased the rate of ----- (cont. next page) -- PlflUOC = INFORMATION SERVICES. VRMimb74ALERT DD117 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-72) OAVE PENNEY _________ Item PAGE: 36 of 20 72 DIALOG File 154: MEDLINE_1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) Tags: Animal Descriptors: *Acet1c Aclds--Tox1city--TO; *Furans--Toxicity --TO; `Water Supply; Acetic Ac 1ds--Pharmacok1 net 1cs--PK; Carcinogenicity Tests; Furans--Pharmacok1 net 1cs--PK; Mice; Mutagenicity Tests; Research; Sa1 monel 1 a--Drug Effects--DE; Sa1mone1 la--GenetIcs--GE; Sterilization CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Acetic Acids); 0 .(Furans) 08791828 94106828 Presence and Importance of organochlorlne solvents and other compounds In Germany's groundwater and drinking water. Dieter HH; Kerndorff H Institute for Water-. Soil- and Air Hygiene of the Federal Health Office of Germany (BGA), Berlin. Ann 1st Super Sanlta (ITALY) 1993, 29 (2) p263-77, ISSN 0021-2571 Journal Code: 5BP Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS Organochlorlne compounds are widely used in Germany although the Inland production of chlorinated solvents has greatly decreased since 1985. Data on groundwater contamination are incomplete, but there are some regional data sets from the States (Lander). Approximately 25% of the groundwater samples contain more than 1 mlcrogram/1 of a single solvent, the most prominent ones being tri- and tetrachloroethene, 1,1,1 -tr1 chioroethane and dichloromethane, but also chloroform. The most Important causes for contaminations of the groundwater are unprotected storage and leaking sewage systems. Abandoned waste sites are. besides chlorinated compounds, aiso a source of many other contaminants. A ranking procedure according to their exposure potential (concentration. Incidence, toxicology) is proposed. The compound of greatest concern Is vinyl chloride, which Is formed from tri- and tetrachloroethene under reducing conditions In the subsoil. The most important contaminant In drinking water is tetrachloroethene followed by 1,1,1-tr1 chioroethane and tr1 chioroethane. Chlorobenzene may also be present on occasion, while only about 20% of the finished drinking waters contain more chloroform after treatment than before. Only about 10% of all analyses of drinking water derived from groundwater shows the presence of organochlorlne solvents and most of these show total concentrations less than 2 m1crograms/1. The degradation product, vinyl chloride, was found up to now only In different groundwaters. To stabilize and to Improve the situation, which still Is much more favorable for drinking than for groundwater, precautions are going to be taken which should assure that these and other problematic substances which endanger water are used only in closed systems and rigid safety measures be Imposed on their disposal and transport. Descriptors: `Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated--Analys1s--AN: *So1vents--Ana1ysis--AN; `Water Pollutants, Chemical--Analysis --AN; `Water Pollution, Chemical; `Water Supply--Ana 1ys1s--AN ; Gerr /; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated--Metabol1sm--ME; Solvents 101728 -Metabol1sm--ME; Water Pol 1utants, Chemical --Metabol1sm--ME CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated); 0 (Solvents); 0 .(Watqr Pollutants, Chemical) 08791780 94106780 Effects of alcohol carbon tetrachloride, and choline deficiency on iron metabolism in the rat. Batey RG; Johnston R Department of Medicine, Westmead Hospital , New South Wales, Austra11a. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (UNITEO STATES) Oct 1993, 17 (5) p931-4. ISSN 0145-6008 Journal Code: 35X Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS The effects of alcohol on hepatic iron uptake and Intestinal Iron transport were studied In rats fed a nutritionally replete liquid diet containing varying quantities of ethanol. Results were compared with those from animals exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCJ4) to produce hepatocellular necrosis or a choline-deficient diet to produce steatosis and cirrhosis. A high ethanol intake for 4 or 10 weeks produced hepatic steatosis. CC14 produced hepatocellular necrosis. Choline deficiency was associated with steatosis +/- cirrhosis. Intestinal Iron transport was unaffected by ethanol, CC14, or choline deficiency. Hepatic Iron uptake was significantly depressed In rats consuming 11.7 g/kg/day ethanol (p < 0.01) for 4 weeks. Choiine-defIclent animals studied at 14 weeks also had significantly decreased hepatic Iron uptake (p < 0.01); results were similar In the cirrhotic and noncirrhotic animals. Conversely, CC14 exposure produced a significant 5-foJd Increase in hepatic Iron uptake (p < 0.001). Results suggest that ethanol consumption, fatty liver, and cirrhosis are not responsible for any Increase In iron absorpt1 on or of hepatic Iron uptake In the rat model. Acute hepatocelfular Injury is followed by increased hepatic Iron uptake. Tags: Animal; Female; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Descriptors: Alcohol, Ethy1 --Tox1c1ty--TO; `Carbon Tetrachlor 1de--Tox1c1ty--TO; `Choline DefIdency--Blood--BL; `Hepatitis, Toxic--Blood--BL; `Intestinal .Absorption --Drug Effects--DE; * Iron--B1ood--BL; *L1ver--Drug Effects--DE; `Liver Diseases, A1cohol1c--B1ood--BL; Choline Deficiency --Pathology--PA; Fatty Liver, A1cohol1c--B1ood--BL; Fatty Liver, A1cohol1c--Patho1ogy--PA; Hepatitis. Tox1c--Pathology --PA; Intestinal Absorpt1 on--Phys1ology--PH; L1ver--Metabol1sm --ME; L1ver--Patho1ogy--PA; Liver Cirrhosis, A1cohol1c--B1ood --BL; Liver Cirrhosis, A1cohol1c--Pathology--PA; Liver Diseases, A1cohol1c--Pathology--PA; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Weight Gain--Drug Effects--DE; Weight Ga1n--Phys1ology--PH CAS Registry No.: 56-23-5 .(Carbon Tetrachloride); 64-17-5 .(Alcohol, Ethyl); 7439-89-6 .(Iron) Dinner INFORMATION SERVICES. V R iOHAtLOG 7ALERT DD117 _________ __________________________________ User:109740 DAVE PENNEY 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (1 terns 1-72) I tem PAGE: 39 of 21 72 DIALOG File 154: MEDLINE 1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) 08791583 94106583 ~ Intracellular mechanism of Pb(2+)-Induced norepinephrine release from bovine chromaffin cells. Tomslg JL; Suszklw JB Department of Physiology and Biophysics, UUnni viveersrs1ity of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0576. Am J Physiol (UNITED STATES) Dec 1993, 265 (6 Pt 1) pC1630-6, ISSN 0002-9513 Journal Code: 3U8 Contract/Grant No.: ES-04090, ES, NIEHS Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS The Intracellular mechanism of Pb(2+)- 1nduced release of norepinephrine (NE) was investigated In comparison with Ca2+ In bovine chromaffin cells permeab111 zed with staphylococcal alpha-toxin. Pb2+ activated NE release at considerably lower concentrations (concentration of free metal giving half maximal meta1-dependent release (K0.5) 4.6 nM] than Ca2+ (K0.5 2.4 mlcroM). The release of NE was associated with the release of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase but not lactate dehydrogenase. The maximal secretory responses produced by Pb2+ and Ca2+ were similar and nonadditive. Pb(2+)- and Ca(2+)-dependent releases showed a similar requirement for MgATP and were equally enhanced by protein kinase C activator 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) but not by kinase A activator 8-bromoadenos1ne 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate free base. The protein kinase C Inhibitor staurosporlne blocked the TPA-stlmulated component of secretion but had no effect on the NE release in the absence of TPA. Calmldazollum, an Inhibitor of calmodulin. Inhibited the secretion evoked by both metals to similar extent. Agents interacting with microtubules (colchicine and vinblastine) or mlcrof1 laments (cytochalasln B and phalloldln) had no effect on secretion Induced by either metal cation. These observations Indicate that both Pb2+ and Ca2+ act at a common site and activate the exocytotlc release of NE by an analogous mechanism. Tags: Animal; Comparative Study; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Descriptors: *Adrenal Medulla--Phys1ology--PH; -Calcium --Pharmacology--PD; * Lead--Tox1c1ty--TO; `Norep 1nephr1ne --Metabol1sm--ME; Adenosine Tr1phosphate--Pharmacology--PD; Adrenal Medulla--Drug Effects--DE; A1ka1 olds--Pharmacology--PD ; Calc1um--Metabol1sm--ME; Calmodulin --Antagonists and Inhlbltors--AI; Cattle; Cell Membrane Permeability; Cells, Cultured; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein K1nases--Metabol1sm--ME ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egtazlc Ac Id--Pharmaco1ogy --PD; Enzyme Activation; Imldazoles--Pharmacology--PD; Kinetics; Lactate Dehydrogenase--Ana1ysis--AN; Protein Kinase C--Antagon1sts and Inhlbltors--AI; Protein Kinase C --Metabol1sm--ME; Spectrophotometry, Atomic Absorption; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate--Pharmacology--PD; B-Bromo Cyclic Adenos1ne Monophosphate--Pharmaco1ogy--PD CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Alkaloids); 0 .(Calmodulin); 0 . (Imidazoles)*; 16561-29-8 . (Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate); 23583-48-4 .(8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate); 51-41-2 .(Norepinephrine); 56-65-5 .(Adenosine Triphosphate); 57265-6K-3 .(R 24571); 62996-74-1 .(staurosporine); 67-42-5 101729 .(Egtazlc Acid); 7439-92-1 .(Lead); 7440-70-2 .(Calcium) Enzyme No.: EC -1.1.1.27 .(Lactate Dehydrogenase); EC 2.7.1.- .(Protein Kinase C); EC 2.7.10.- .(Cyclic AMP-Dependent Prote1n/K1nases) 08791132 94106132 [Correction of disorders in the monooxygenase system function with dlethylnlcotinamlde (cord1 amine) In tetrachloromethane- Induced and viral hepatitis] Korrekts11a dletllnlkotlnamldom (kordlamlnom) narushenlla funktsll monooks1genazno1 slstemy prl tetrakh1ormetanovom 1 vlrusnom gepatltakh. Zavodnlk LB; Luklenko PI; Bushma MI; Shoka AIu; Tsyrkunov VM Vopr Med Khlm (RUSSIA) Sep-Oct 1993, 39 (5) p45-7, ISSN 0042-8809 Journal Code: XIQ Languages: RUSSIAN Summary Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE English Abstract JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS Content of cytochromes P-450 and b5 and the rate of oxidative dealkylation In liver mlcrosomes as well as the antipyrlne pharmacok1 net 1cs were normalized in rats with acute CCl4-lnduced hepatitis after treatment with cordiamine (diethyl nicotinamide) at a dose of 40 mg, subcutaneously, 2 times dally within 4 days. Cordiamine (30 drops 3 times dally within S days) contributed to normalization of the hydroxylating reaction in liver tissue of patients with viral hepatitis A, estimated by the "antipyrlne" test. The drug exhibited stabilizing effect on hydrophobic interactions In microsomal membranes; diethyl nicotinamide possessed antiradical and vitamin properties. Tags: Animal; Female; Human; Male Descriptors: `Carbon Tetrachloride; `Cytochrome b5 --Antagonists and Inhlb1 tors--AI; `Cytochrome P-450 --Antagonists and Inhlbitors--AI; `Hepatitis A--Drug Therapy --DT; `Hepatitis, Toxic--Drug Therapy--DT; `Nikethamide --Therapeutic Use--TU; Adolescence; Adult; Mlcrosomes, Liver --Enzymology--EN; Rats CAS Registry No.: 56-23-5 .(Carbon Tetrachloride); 59-26-7 .(Nikethamide); 9035-39-6 .(Cytochrome b5); 9035-51-2 .(Cytochrome P-450) 08790738 94105738 [Hematologic changes In patients chronically exposed to benzene] Alteracoes hemato 1ogicas em pacientes expostos cronlcamente ao benzeno. Ruiz MA; Vassallo J; de Souza CA Setor de Hematol ogia, Fa,culdade de Cienclas Medicas de Santos (FCMS), SP, Brasil. Rev Saude Publlca (BRAZIL) Apr 1993, 27 (2) p145-51, ISSN 0034-8910 Journal Code: T5X Languages: PORTUGUESE Summary Languages: ENGLISH (cont. next page) DIALOG = INFORMATION SERVICES. IW A User:109740 DAVE PENNEY 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-72) Item PAGE: 41 of 22 72 DIALOG File 154: MEDLINE_1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE English Abstract JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS A study was carried out Into the hematological abnormalities of peripheral blood bone marrow in patients chronically exposed to benzene. The metabolic biotransformat ion and the mechanisms Involved In toxicity are described. Hematological data are described and discussed. Macrocytosls and lymphopenia are the earliest hematological signs of benzene toxicity. Bone marrow abnormalitles are demonstrated by the complementary methods of cytology and histology. Global hypocel1u1ar1ty was mainly due to the granulocytic series. Mastocytosis, eosinophil la and magakarlocy11c abnormalities are also presented. Inflammatory abnormalitles and signs of dismyelopolese could also be observed. The importance of peripheral blood abnormalities and the need for a critical approach to this Important public health problem are emphasized. Tags: Human; Support. Non-U.S. Gov't Descriptors: *Benzene--Po1sonlng--PO; ^Hematologic Diseases --Chemical 1y Induced--Cl; *0ccupatlonal Diseases--Chemically Induced--CI; *0ccupat1onal Exposure--Adverse Effects--AE ; Benzene--Metabo11sm--ME; Bone Marrow--Drug Effects--DE; Bone Marrow--Patho1ogy--PA; Hematologic Diseases--B1ood--BL; Occupational Dlseases--Blood--BL; Risk Factors CAS Registry No.: 71-43-2 .(Benzene) 08790460 94105460 Scientific principles for evaluating the potential for adverse effects from chlorinated organic chemicals In the environment. ; Wines RF; Nestmann ER; Miller PA; Orr JC; Munro IC CanTox Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol (UNITED STATES) ct 1993, 18 (2) p313-56, ISSN 0273-2300. Journal Code: RBH Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW, ACADEMIC JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS The term chlorinated chemicals Is used to describe diverse groups of chemicals of varying chemical structure, including those used In water disinfection, as well as numerous aliphatic, aromatic, and polycyclic chlorinated substances. This report elaborates a number of scientific principles that govern the evaluation of the potential for chlorinated organic chemicals to cause adverse effects on the environment and to human health. The purpose of the report Is to demonstrate the Importance of applying these scientific principles In the evaluation of potential adverse effects of chlorinated organic chemicals. The four major principles upon which such a scientific analysis must be based are: (1) the fate and biological activity of a compound are determined by the chemical properties of the compound; (2) compounds do not show adverse effects below certain threshold concentrations, and the mannltude of response Is related to dose; (3) inherent metabc processes allow organisms to accommodate low doses of chlorinated organic chemicals; (4) observations associated with the presence of a certain compound must be biologically plausible effects, b^sed on the specificity of the compound's activity In experimental systems. With respect to the first of these principles, there Is abundant scientific evidence that the physical and chemical properties of chlorinated organic chemicals govern their bioaccumulatfve potential, toxicological properties, and thus their potential behavior and effects in the environment. Chemicals that have low solubility in water are highly lipophilic and have Tow vapor pressure, tend to accumulate in biological systems, and degrade slowly in the environment. Chlorinated organic chemicals that possess these characteristics Include those having a carbon ring structure and multiple chlorine substitution. Other chlorinated organic chemicals with lesser degrees of chlorine substitution, such as 2.4-dlchlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) , tr1 chiorophenol, chloroform, and dlchloroethane, do not share the physical and chemical properties of the high molecular weight, cyclic, polychlorinated compounds and, as such, do not have the same potential to bioaccumulate. These differences among chlorinated organic chemicals with respect to their physical and chemical properties and behavior in the environment preclude the generalization that all organic chemicals containing chlorine behave similarly In the environment and act as persistent, bloaccumulative chemicals. The reactivity of chlorinated organic chemicals and hence their potential to produce biological effects depends on their specific molecular features. The substitution of chlorine into an organic molecule may Increase or may reduce its biological activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) (204 Refs.) Tags: Animal; Human; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Descriptors: Envlronmenta1 Po11utants--Toxic1ty--TO; Hydrocarbons, Chi or 1nated--Tox1city--TO; Environmental Pol 1utants--Analysis--AN; Hydrocarbons, Chi orinated--Chemistry --CH CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Environmental Pollutants): O .(Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated) 08790459 94105459 Comparing the results of a Monte Carlo analysis with EPA's reasonable maximum exposed Individual (RMEI): a case study of a former wood treatment site. Copeland TL; Paustenbach DJ; Harris MA; Otani J ChemRisk, a Division of McLaren/Hart, Irvine, California 92714. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol (UNITED STATES) Oct 1993, 18 (2) P275-312, ISSN 0273-2300 Journal Code: RBH Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS In the United States, there are about 250 former sites that treated wood with preservatives that are now in need of some (cont. next page) ... -.................... DIRUOG _= INFORMATION SERVICES. INC. A VRDd1MB^74^ERT DD117 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (1 terns 1-72) DAVE PENNEY I tem PAGE : 51 of 27 72 DIALOG File 154: MEDLINE_1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) serum, brain, liver, kidney and uterus were Increased significantly by HCH and malathlon exposure. Irrespective of the protein content In the diet. The incorporation of [1.2-14C]acetate into the hepatic lipids was stimulated by both HCH and malathlon, suggesting a higher rate of lipid synthesis In the liver of normal and protein-deficient diet fed dams. The low protein content In the diet intensified the pest 1cide-1nduced changes and more severe alterations were noticed in HCH exposed dams than In malathlon exposed dams. Tags: Animal; Female Descriptors: *Benzene Hexachloride--Tox1c1ty--TO; *L1plds --Metabolism--ME; *Malath1 on--Tox1c1ty--TO; *Pregnancy Complicat1ons--Metabol1sm--ME; *Pregnancy, Anima1 --Metabol1sm --ME; *Prote1n-Energy Mainutrltion--Metabol1sm--ME; Cholestero 1 --Metabol1sm--ME: G1ucosephosphate Dehydrogenase--Metabol1sm --ME; Hydroxymethy1glutary1 CoA Reductases--Metabo11sm--ME; K1dney--0rug Effects--DE; Kidney--Metabol1sm--ME; Llpolysls --Drug Effects--DE; Lipoprotein LIpase--Metabo11sm--ME; Liver --Drug Effects--DE; L1ver--Metabol1sm--ME; Malate Dehydrogenase--Metabol1sm--ME; PhospholIplds--Metabol1sm--ME; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Triglycerides --Metabol1sm--ME CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Lipids); O .(Phospholipids); 0 .(Triglycerides); 121-75-5 .(Malathlon); 57-88-5 .(Cholesterol); 50-89-9 .(Benzene Hexachloride) Enzyme No.: EC 1.1.1.37 .(Malate Dehydrogenase); EC 1.1.1.49 .(Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase); EC 1.1.1.88 .(Hydroxymethy1g1utary1 CoA Reductases); EC 3.1.1.34 .(Lipoprotein Lipase) 08787258 94402258 Identification of 6-hydroxy-trans,trans-2,4-hexadienoic acid, a novel ring-opened urinary metabolite of benzene. Kline SA; Robertson JF; Grotz VL; Goldstein BD; Witz G Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Plscataway. Environ Health Perspect (UNITED STATES) Sep 1993, 101 (4) P310-2, ISSN 0091-6765 Journal Code: EIO Contract/Grant No.; ES02558, ES, NIEHS; ES05022, ES. NIEHS Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEOICUS We studied the In vivo metabolism of benzene in mice to ring-opened compounds excreted In urine. Male CD-I mice were treated Intraperltoneally with benzene (110-440 mg/kg), [14C]benzene (220 mg/kg) or trans, trans-muconaldehyde (MUC; 4 mg/kg), a microsomal, hematotoxlc metabolite of benzene. Urine, collected over 24 hr, was extracted and analyzed by HPLC with a diode-array detector and by scintillation counting. Inaddition to trans.trans-muconic acid, previously the only known ring-opened urinary benzene metabolite, a new metabol1te, 6-hydroxy-trans,trans-2.4-hexadienolc acid, was detected In urine of mice treated with either benzene or MUC. We Idr fled the new metabolite based on coelution of 101735 metabolites and UV spectral comparison with authentic standards in unmethylated and methylated urine extracts. Results presented here are consistent with the Intermediacy of MUC In the in vivo metabolism of benzene to ring-opened metabolites. Tags: Animal; Male; Support. U.S. Gov't. P.H.S. Descriptors: ^Benzene--Metabolism--ME; *Sorb1c Ac 1d--Analogs and Derivat1ves--AA; 8enzene--Toxic1ty--T0;. Mice; Mfcrosomes, L1ver--Metabol1sm--ME; Sorbic Ac Id--Chem1stry--CH; Sorbic Acid--Metabol1sm--ME CAS Registry No.: 110-44-1 .(Sorbic Acid); 505-70-4 .(muconlc acid); 71-43-2 .(Benzene); 88973-47-1 .(6-hydroxy-2,4-hexadlenolc acid) 087B6126 94101126 A community-based epidemiologic study of health sequelae of exposure to hydrofluoric acid. Dayal HH; Brodwlck M; Morris R; Baranowskl T; Trleff N; Harrison JA; Llsse JR; Ansarl GA University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550. Ann Epidemiol (UNITED STATES) May 1992, 2 (3) p213-30, ISSN 1047-2797 Journal Code: BX8 Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS An accident at an oil refinery in Texas City, Texas, released around 40.000 lb of hydrogen fluoride, exposing the community to the highly toxic and corrosive substance. A population-based epidemiologic study was conducted to evaluate the Impact of the accident on the health of the community. Exposure assessment was done using a multipronged approach through a door-to-door survey of 10,811 individuals. A symptom survey resulting in 1994 completed Interviews was conducted with a stratified random sample selected from the exposure study database. The sampling was balanced with respect to age, gender, and predisposition across the three ordinal exposure categories. The results show a strong dose relationship (P < 10(-4)) between the exposure and symptoms reported following the accident and 2 years later, most notably breathing and eye symptoms. However. substantial improvement In health was reported over the 2-year period regardless of the level of exposure. Problems of recall bias and behavioral sensitization are considered and It Is recognized that the study may have overestimated the effect. It Is also recognized that the study may not have completely unraveled the relative Importance of exposure and host response In health outcome, since the two were probably conflated in the exposure measure. Nevertheless, the independence of predlsposltIon and reported level of exposure, the magnitude of effect and its consistency, the unmistakable dose response, the large sample size, and the mutual corroboration of various findings make It difficult to dismiss the interpretation that the hydrofluoric acid exposure indeed caused health problems in the community that continued (cont. next page) - DIALOG - INFORMATION SERVICES, INC. v R %|RT DD117 User:109740 07mar94 PR S23/5/ALL (Items 1-72) I tern PAGE : 65 of 32 72 DIALOG File 154: MEDLINE_1985-1994/Apr (9404W4) vanad1uro(IV), which was more obvious In the case of exposure to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the amount of vanadium(V) reduced to vanadlum(IV) decreased In GSH-depleted cells. While vanadlum(IV) at concentrations of 3 x 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M was not transforming in the cells, vanadlum(V) showed neoplastic transforming activity (P < 0.025 and P < 0.001 for the two doses, respectively) In comparison to controls (vanadium unexposed cells). Cytotoxicity and morphological transformat1 on In cells exposed to vanadlum(V) in combination with 3 x 10(-6) M DEM were significantly more Intensive (P < 0.005 and P < 0.01 for the two doses of vanadate tested) compared to the corresponding values observed in cells exposed to vanadlum(V) alone. This suggests that the final transforming activity response Is dependent on the Intracellular GSH-medlated mechanism of reduction of vanadlum(V) to vanadium(IV): (1) the extent to which vanadlum(V) should be bioreduced to less toxic vanadlum(IV) via Intracellular GSH Is a key point In determining the intensity of the observed neoplastic action; (li) the carcinogenic potential of vanadlum(V) should be strictly dependent on Its Intracellular persistence which could lead to changes In normal metabolic patterns of vanadlum(V) In the oxidized form due to lack of GSH-medlated reduction. Tags: Animal Descriptors: `Cell Transformat Ion, Neop1ast1c--Drug Effects --DE; *G1utathlone--Metabol1sm--ME; `Vanadium Compounds --Toxlclty--T0; Biotransformation; Cell Survival--Drug Effects --DE; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Maleates --Pharmac'ology--PD; Mice; Mice. Inbred BALB C; Oxidation-Reduction; Vanadium Compounds--Metabollsm--ME; 3T3 Cel 1 s CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Maleates); O .(Vanadium Compounds); 141-05-9 .(diethyl maleate); 27774-13-6 .(vanadyl sulfate); 70-18-8 .(Glutathione) 08779434 94094434 Benzene and phenol metabolism by mouse and rat liver mlcrosomes. Schlosser PM; Bond JA; Med Insky MA Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Carcinogenesis (ENGLAND) Dec 1993, 14 (12) p2477-86, ISSN 0143-3334 Journal Code: C9T Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS Benzene. an Important Industrial solvent and constituent of unleaded gasoline, causes leukemia and aplastic anemia In humans. Mice are more sensitive than rats to benzene toxicity, though neither species has been shown to respond consistently with benzene-Induced leukemia. Benzene biotransformation in liver to phenol, hydroqulnone, catechol and/or muconaldehyde Is thought to be necessary for Its hematotoxlclty and/or genotoxlclty. Our goal Is to develop a mathematical simulation model pable of describing the pathways and kinetics of 101740 benzene metabolism by rat and mouse liver mlcrosomes and to assess the role of species metabolic differences in species sensitivity. Mlcrosomes were Incubated with 4 microM {U-14C ]-benzene or-./ a' microM [U-l4C]phenol . Metabolite production was quantified by extraction Into ethyl acetate, HPLC separation and liquid scintillation spectroscopy. After 45 min, mouse liver mlcrosomes converted 20% of the benzene to phenol, 31% to hydroqulnone and 2% to catechol. Rat liver mlcrosomes converted 23% of benzene to phenol, 8% to hydroqulnone and 0.5% to catechol. Production of hydroquinone and catechol continued for 90 min for mouse liver mlcrosomes. while production by rat liver mlcrosomes had virtually ceased by 90 min. Muconic acid production by mouse liver mlcrosomes was < 0.2% and < 0.04% from benzene and phenol respectively after 90 min. A quantitative simulation model was constructed to describe the in vitro metabolism of benzene, 1ncorporat1ng the reaction sequences: benzene-->phenol-->catechol-->tr1hydro xybenzene and phenol-->hydroquinone-->tr1hydroxybenzene. In the model, all of the reaction steps are assumed to be catalyzed by the same enzyme(s), cytochrome(s) P450, and benzene, phenol, hydroqulnone and catechol In solution are all assumed to compete, through reversible binding, for the same reaction slte(s) on cytochrome(s) P450. The simulation model accurately described both the benzene and phenol kinetic data, supporting this proposed mechanism. In particular, this model suggests that the observed Inhibition of benzene on phenol metabolism, and of phenol on benzene metabolism, occurs through competition for a common reaction site, which can also bind catechol and hydroqulnone. Tags: Animal; In Vitro; Male; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Descriptors: `Benzene--MetabolIsm--ME; `Mlcrosomes, Liver --Metabol1sm--ME; `Phenols--Metabol1sm--ME; B1otransformation; Mice; Models, Biological; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344 CAS Registry No.: 0 .(Phenols); 108-95-2 .(phenol); 71-43-2 .(Benzene) 08779365 94094365 Liver accumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-[3H]d1benzofuran In mice: modulation by treatments with polychlorinated biphenyls. Darnerud PO; Tornwall U; Bergman A; Brandt I Department of Toxicology, Uppsala University, Sweden. Chem Biol Interact (IRELAND) Dec ISSN 0009-2797 Uournal Code: CYV Languages: ENGLISH Document type: JOURNAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ANNOUNCEMENT: 9404 1993, 89 (2-3) p89-102, Subfile: INDEX MEDICUS The distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-[3H]d1benzof uran ([3H]TCDF; 40 micrograms/kg.) resembled that earlier reported for 2.3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, with a strong accumulation in the liver and a selective uptake In the nasal olfactory mucosa of adult and fetal mice. Pretreatments with a series of selected congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (cont. next page) ---------PlflUOC = INFORMATION SERVICES, ii.--