Document N2N2KpZzY8k1wrNO9vyKj659Q

Page 327 1 thought about asbestos 40 and 50 years ago. 1 Page 329 It was published for all of the world to see 2 Now, this case isn't about mines or mills. 2 in 1946. And it was entitled, A Health Survey of 3 None of the gentlemen whose cases we are trying here 3 Pipecovering Operations in Constructing Naval 4 today worked as a miner or worked as a miller. 4 Vessels. 5 Two of the gentlemen worked with or around 5 What they did was, they studied these over 6 brake linings. And Mr. Vandergucht worked as a 6 1,000 insulators, the hands-on guys, the guys who 7 plasterer using certain asbestos-containing products 7 actually took the pipe and the block and mixed the 8 in working on industrial jobsites where other products 8 cement and applied it onboard ships. 9 were also in use. 9 The first thing they found was, you know, 10 So what we are really talking about here is 10 gosh, these guys don't work with this stuff eight 11 finished products. So the next question that we have 11 hours a day, five days a week. Their use of the 12 to ask is, when did doctors and scientists start 12 product is intermittent. 13 studying the people who used these finished products, 13 And that is where we get into the peaks and 14 these finished insulation products. 14 valleys that I talked about earlier. 15 Now, the thermal insulation product that my 15 What they did to study this question was, 16 client made, Kaylo, that you heard about this morning 16 they took dust counts in shipyards; they said, what 17 is known as a hydrous calcium-silicate product. And 17 are the levels of asbestos that people are being 18 it contained asbestos as a binder to hold it together 18 exposed to. 19 and to withstand high temperatures. 19 And they found that, generally, these dust 20 We are talking about pipes that have liquids 20 counts were below the then accepted TLV of five 21 and gases in them that can be 1,000 degrees or 1,800 21 million particles per cubic foot of air. 1 degrees. Page 328 1 Page 330 They also went out and X-rayed all of these 2 Just to put that in perspective, when water 2 workers, all 1,000 of them, to see if the people that 3 boils, which we all know is pretty hot and we don't 3 were actually using these products were getting sick. 4 want to put our hands over it, that is 212 degrees 4 What they found was that three out of the 5 Fahrenheit. 5 1,076 people had asbestosis. 6 So we are talking about really high 6 So what they concluded and published, in 7 temperatures and specialized products here. That is 7 1946, was that .29 percent of the people got 8 what we have to look at is the finished products. 8 asbestosis. And they found that, based on this, 9 Well, the first large-scale study that was 9 pipecovering was not a dangerous occupation. 10 done in the United States by people who are working 10 By the way, what we are talking about here 11 for the government was published in 1946. And it was 11 are cancer cases, mesothelioma cases. You won't find 12 done by these two gentlemen, Fleischer and Drinker. 12 anything in the Fleischer-Drinker study that anyone 13 And they did the study during World War II in 13 was getting cancer, and that is what was published. 14 shipyards. There is a lot of active shipyards because 14 Now, Fleischer-Drinker was the only 15 of the war effort back there. 15 large-scale study of people who used these insulation 16 What they did is, they went to four 16 products that was published in the United States 17 shipyards. Two of them were naval shipyards, and two 17 during the time period that Owens-Illinois 18 of them were government contract yards. And they 18 manufactured Kaylo. 19 studied the insulators that worked there, and they set 19 Now, I suspect that the plaintiffs' experts 20 minimum safety standards that applied in shipyards 20 will come into this courtroom, sit in the witness 21 where asbestos-containing products were used. 21 stand and criticize and challenge the Fleischer- 45 (Pages 327 to 330)