Document N250wQd3dB56Jd89Rqjrrqn9g

FILE NAME: Ford (FD) DATE: 1970 Feb 27 DOC#: FD100 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Memo RE Asbestos in Brake Lining Wear Debris Intra Company TOi Hr. 3. H. Simpson fl^n -X- Cratch i: D. KaranA* .. J. V. PatrooolU X. X. Xiarson XcLantldc Research Staff r .'4 #_ViSibruaury 27, 1970 Subject: Asbestos in Eraka Lining Wear Debris It i* estimated that an average of about lOOg of crysotile asbestos per car per year are consumed as a result of brake lining wear. This estimate is based on lining volume v o m from various types of brakes using proving ground lining U f a experience, and assumes typical Uning asbestos content and 10,000 miles of use per year. The average is weighted according to the 1968 ford Motor Company passenger car product mix. (A previous estimate of 307g was based on unrealistically high wear volumes and rates.) ror t U.8. population of 90 million cars, about 10,000 tons per year of brake Uning asbestos would thus be worn away, with more of the wear being concentrated In regions of high car population density. Aoproximatalv 1 million tons of asbestos per year are consumed in the O.S. for all applications1*. According to SeUkoff , the health hazard from asbestos which could be emitted to the atmosphere through brake Uning wear is small compared to the hazard from asbestos dispersed in the air froo other sources, such as insulation used in tie building trades. Professor SeUkoff is an acconpUshed worker in the field of asbestos disease epidemiology3-0. Electron microscope studies by Lynch9 indicate that less than 1\ of the brake lining wear debris generated during normal braking is fibrous asbestos -- the remainder of the asbestos initially present (about 50* of the lining) La oecomposed into non-fibrous dust particles. Gatroll and Sclireiber found asbestos decomposition products in wear debris by infrared analysis, although their work did not preclude the survival of some fibers. X-ray diffraction analyses of dr ix dust in our o/n laboratory have not indicated the presence of undecomposed asbestos. If, based on the work by Lynch, it is assumed that as *uch as 1* of the inorganic portion of the wear products ends up as undaconposed asbesto* fibers, then about 1.4g of fiber per car per year would be emitted (139 ton/year in the U.S.). ' ___________ \ See attached Reference Ust. 009663 ` PRODUCED BY FORD l \ 177B POOO 0003 B/-1 Xr. B. H. Slapaon -2- Eabruary 27, 1970 ,,- cV*'-'/ -TS* '' - . kshastoa h u been lap licatad ca a carcinogen . X ^ y i inspected that thir m a o r i r . : : effect ir z' :-'-r'sted with the fLbrous aatitra ajjf esheatrw j ;c:.'X' of rro t'liia cr the shy sicj:-giral effect* of a&bestoa iWrat%ii>iILlun Bovavar, it seeas that tha non-fibrous deoonpositian products would b* Jfrazhape less permanently Ij^lantad in tha lung tissue* if inhaled, and less likely to be a persistant soured of localised irritation. ,, RIG :ad Boy L. Gealer' Chemical Engineering Department 009664 PRODUCED BY FORD 8000 00d* RIFZKXHCES . ' V . I XrOKUrrr' *' "Th Sagic Hioeral,'' Th Me* Tort.r, O c t o b * f9M. "p-y-'i ' i**1"9 J " H -D -' ****** filaai School of JUdiciue of ..th City University of Hov Tort. Privat ooroicatioa, Jan. 1,. 1 9 7 0 . 3. Belikoff, Irving J., t 1.. -Mortality Kxperi.ncft of Asbe.to* Inaulatioo Workers, 1 9 0 -1968,* International Conference on j^vroocooioeia, fiepubUc of South Africa, Dept. of Hin*, Johannasburg. April 23 - Kay 2, 1969, pp. 97-103. onoasoorg. 4. 8alikoff, Irving J., 'Asbestos,* Environment, Vol. U , March 1969, PP- 3-7. ' 5 . Ealikoff, Irving J., til, Coomnity Effects of Honoccupational Eayironuantal Anbeatoa Expoauru,* Asorioan Journal of Public Baalth Vol. 58, Eapteabor 1968, pp. 1658-1666. ' Selikoff, Irving J., t ,1, "Asbestos Exposure, Sacking, and Neoplasia," OUr? ^ i`*riCn Kadical Association, Vol. 204, April 8, 1963, PP* Oo-UL.2 . 7. Sallkoff, Irving J., -Asbestos and hooplas la," Tba African Journal of Medicine, Vol. 42, April 1967, pp. 487-496. 8. Salikoff, Irving J., "Asbestos Exposure and Hooolania," Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 188, April 6, 1964, pp. 22-26. 9. Lynch Jeremiah K., "Brake lining Decomposition Productn," Journal of tho Air Pollution Control Association, Vol. 18, Decerxsr 1968 pp. Q24-82G. ' 10. Gatrail, R. L., and Schreiber, T. P., "Cberieal Changes at Brake Wear uriacea," oarcty of Automotive Engineers, Hid-Tear Hating, Chicaao, Illinois, flay 15-19, 1967, Paper No. 470511. ' 009665 PRD U C E D B l'F 0SD 0000 6085 * 1i < Z 3 * > ^ e ' \ & h ' & & ? . . / . - ,:y -' -K.c'*vUm` ^ 'i',V-. r . - t ' - i . " t ~v/ -t \ \ -t, : '->:'% > V ' -%-. , .- -'. . .. - > .. v \ .. ,.i .-.v: A ,, *.: - 'i ' l.Me8Srs-` TSJ, .`Burloiti. *.''vV- ??:- - /?' \ v 'A ' ' **' - -.J i v '' c - Gagliardi -.V . w ;>,i y =f-J - i<- Pierson/^: S 'V t V ' 4 { ' < - " ' a'' v" !-.*- -*,J'i-. i -: - -- : . _' ' i-5.-h - Slng>8on- r..j;.i;1- ,/'. ' '.w.'-li.- ..sJ:. i. ''- `' . i f m . smith :' \'vV : v ` ' ''' '*'. ".y. A- 'A-`:-r - ' H ^ ''' r - -I. ' '. '. 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