Document MMEYVBZxvBdL4QQgQXEMom3Nj

FILE NAME: Newspaper & Magazine Articles (NMA) DATE: 1938 Jan DOC#: NMA097 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - What to Do About Dust? Scientific American d* HAT TO DUthSeT "maiigrhyt pbaerltoiuclgehs'l'yadreisscinrgibefdroams a world that is wearing away un dtheer othnerucsehasoeflersesstelersossiomnano.f nature and poTsehde opfhymsiactatlerwoinrldmias,nyof fcoorumrss.e,Dcoumst, innanatsbroreasduslteinnsge,firsomsimtphley tbhreeatikniyngremup atitretlheisss mpartotecre.ssItoifs wtheearpirnogduocutt owf hthicaht fweactlksslihfea,ndm-ionu-hnatanidn wtoipths, taimnde aanlldmaaf tdeerniaolmtihniantgosr.sDoufstthiseowneoroldf thaendcomexmisotsn, potentially, in every solid object. Even man is made of dust, according to the Srectruirpntus.res, and unto dust he ultimately areTahupsarcteorftatihne nfianteu,raploworddeerryanpdarmtiicglhest lie called natural dusts, since they are ifnodrmepseonfdeanirt poofllmutaino.nEinxcalmudpelews iothf esruinchg dmuisntiasttuorrempsasretaicrliensgotfheplcaonutnatnryd saindiemoarl life afloat in the air. eveFra.rarmeotrheedmanagne-mroaudsethdaunststhgeesnee, rhaotewd ninidiulisetriinadlusetrraia.l Bpreosicdeesssesthoef o"ucrhhimignhelyy --mweoekpes."asho.ftarin, caonmd psoleoten--cothmebreusatrioent--he .niulumjb-uerelsestso icnldeaunstrainalddpuosltiss.hTmheetauls,eaobfing. foupnodwrdyerwoarnkd, saabnrdasbivleastsionagp, qmuaakr- .iu\nmi u,ptouttnenryellinmga,kminigninagr,eglaasmsomngakinthge, "iIumv trades." ItarTtlhero-ctkonweitchutatepricokf oorldw, ithhachkaimngmeart .rmiiiel cihniusedlc,rnhadstolinttelectuottfeera,r tfhruonmdedruinstg, -thtirto-uughp Mbrnitutklec-lriokcekwwavitehs poofwdeurstd, rUillns-, ).-- properly protected, he may inhale huarr'm.iefiue-l qbuomantiotifestheosfeddarnilglesraorue,sknsioliwcna jniong niirieis as "widow makers." D o A bout D ust? Industrial Dust Hazards . . . Little Known of Them.. .Foundation to StudyWays, Means of Com bating . . . Medical, Legal, Engineering Aspects By J O H N F. M c M A H O N E xecu tive A ssistant, A ir H ygiene Foundation smuefnferwomrkorineg freolsmewhsuerceh. "aTilmheenetvsidtehnacne thhaartmefuxcl eisssivbeeydounsdtinaersgsumofenatn,"y akcincodrdis ing to Prof. Philip Drinker of the Har varOdf Stchheooesltoimf aPtuedbli1c,0H0e0a,0lt0h0. workmen exposed to silica dust, approximately one half of this number is exposed to hsialircma,futlhceorenceanretrantuiomnse.roIuns aodthdeitriondanto gbeersotouss dduusst.ts, such as leud dust or as It was not until about two years ago btheactamthee agceunteerlyalcopnusbcliiocusinofthdisusctouasntarny etinoenmaly dtoisehaesael.thThainsdreaacliazuastieonoffoolclcouwpead tinhecwonidneecptuiobnlicwitiythgiavetnuntonseillliicnogsipsreoajseecst at BGuatulperyioBr ltiodgteh,isWgeesnteVrairlgainwiaak. ening, wteirtiha, itas ancucmombepranoyfinigndpuasntriicalanldeadheyrss creerparmesiecn, tipnogttetrhye, rsetfereal,ctoforuy,ndarluym, ignluamss,, cgouanl, maenedtinmgetaanldmdiinsicnugssiinngduwstaryiess abned emaesaesn.s Aonf ecpoimdebmatiicngoforcucuinpoautsionlaawl sudiitss was sweeping the country. Many firms were forced out of business entirely. The industrial areas about St. Louis and RInoscuhreasntecre,rNateews Ywoerrek,msuofufnertiendgsaevsearerlye. suit of the many claims. IN tile face of these developments, in eredd,ukstnreyw, pneortpwlehxeerde taondturonftefonr bheewlpilodr guidance. Even noted physicians fre pqeucetnstlyofditshaegreperdobalsemto. thEengmineedeircsa,l aast tempting to devise equipment to dispose of dust, were hampered by this inability otrfamtioendicoafl maengivtoensaydujuststcwonhsattitcuotnecdena hazard to health, and just how low the concentration should be cut to make a reaCsoonnasebqlyuesnatfley waorskcionrge polafcef.irms and tersatadbeloisrhgeadniztahteionAsirbanHdyegdietnoegetFhoerunadnad toirognanoifzaAtimonercirceaa, teadntoonc-opnrodfuitc,t srceiseenatrifcihc oenasessi.licTohseisFaonudndkaitnidonre, dininitdsussetarriaclh dfiosr the vital knowledge needed to Combat tsheaesrechililtss,elifshnuottisoantltyemenpgtianggintog cionllercet ienxtpoeroinenecceenantrdalrerseesaerrcvhoiwr hthiceh fhrauvites aocf cruAefdtehr egteerttoignegnueonudselryweavyereyawrlhyerine. 1936, nAPHwEeeUnesitteimd aStteastesthPautblaipcpHroexailmthaSteelryll.iutO-tO.OinOOAwmoerrkicmae'sn marieneesxpaonsedd mtoilslsil--icaa .t|iutiets wanhdicohv,ebrraeastuhfefdicieinntspueffriicoiednotfqtiumane, omfotvhecaruesspeirsailtiocroysiosrgaannds.oTthheerindhisaolradtieorns owleadkuesnt mmaany'.s urensdiestrancceerttaointucboenrdcuitlioosniss,, ctrooldubs,lebs.roMncehnitiws,oprknienugmionnidau, satnydtrsainduess MET-0000117 TRIAL EXHIBIT Ja n u a r y W38 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 27 liie Foundation immediately launched a program of fact-finding searches in the three fields bearing upon the problem-- meTdhiceinme,edenicgailneseurrivnegy,, afnodr leaxwa.mple, in volved the evaluation of findings gleaned in a number of industries, in hospitals, and in research centers here and abroad. It concludes that on the basis of present knowledge, nine points ate definitely kno1.wSniliacboosuist rseisliuclotssisfr.oTmhethyeairneh:alation of 2d.uTsthecotinmtaeinrienqguifrreede fsoilrictah.e develop ment of silicosis varies from a few years to 20 or more, depending upon the con caenndtrtahteiolnenogfthsiolifcaexppaorsutircele.s in the ait on3ly. Bbeygipnrnoipnegrlsyilitcaokseisn irsoreenctoggennizfailbmles (X4.rAayssso) cioaftetdhewcithhessti.licosis is a marked predisposition to tuberculosis. tec5t.inSgilitchoesisincdaunstrbiealprweovreknetredfrboymprino ha6li.ngCosnilciceantrdautsito.ns to which dust must be reduced in order to be safe have not bee7n. Ianbdsuoslturtieallydduesttesr,mcionnetda.ining silica, are frequently not all silica, being mixed with other materials. Some of these may alt8e.r Athsbeessitloisc,aaascitliicoanteo,nisththee boondlyy. dust sohthoewrntthoancaufrseeelusnilgicafibwrohsiicsh. lias been sili9c.osSisim, apsles--eetnhaint tihs,e iunndcuosmtrpieliscaintedthi-s cdoisuanbtrilyit,y.caIutseiss rietlsaticvoemlybinliatttlieonsewveirthe othTehredriespeoarstesofwthhiechpriesvesnertiivoeuse.ngineer itnhgeirsuartvtaeyckwoanrntehde esmngailnleesetrsdutostcpenatretri cselenss,e,ptohientfiinnger othuet dthuastt,thine gareagteenretrhael poTtehnetilaelgadlasnugrevre.y examined the statutes and court decisions of each of the 48 ssttaatteuss ionf tahne elaffworitntoeaecshtasbtalitsehatshreegeaxradcst Toccupational disease due to air pollu tion. This review disclosed shaip con swuirthveytsh,e sfihnodwininggs, ofroiutsghilnyv, enwtohrayt-likies flicts between the laws of the various known and what remains to lip sought states respecting compensation for occu pational disease. It noted, however, a out, the Air Hygiene Foundation was able to lay out a practical program of growing liberal trend toward compen sating workmen who contract industrial scientific research into the iundamentals of industrial air pollution. disease just as workmen injured in in The research is to be carried on at dustrial accidents are compensated. institutions deemed best fitted for the particular task in mind. Some of these HE occupational disease question is so hroad, with its social and eco are the Saranac. Laboratory, Saranac Lake, New York; University Hospital, nomic implications, that many of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadel 44 state legislatures which met last year considered the problem. pWhaiash; inUgntoitne,dDS.taCte.;s HBaurrveaarud oSfchMooilneosf. Further, as pointed out in the Sum mary Report of the Economic, Legal, Public Health, Cambridge, Massachu setts; Singer Memorial Laboratory; and atinodnalInSsuilricaonscies CCoomnfmerietntecee, o"f intchreeaNsead Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh. This program, recently announced, cmoesatssurfoers mpraeyvehnativvee morarkceodmpeecnosnaotmoriyc seeks to answer many puzzling questions on the medical and engineering aspects epfefteicntgs uinpdounsttrhieesreolratuivneitpso."sitOiobnvioofuscloyma ofI,thWehasut bijsectt.heSommeechoafntishmesebyincwluhdiceh; manufacturer in a state with stringent silica acts upon the body? Is silica regulations is placed at a disadvantage a poison 01 an irritant? Is the action wsuitchh arecgoumlapteitointosr eixnisat. sTtahteis wdhiesraedvfaewn oitfcshileimcaicpahl?ysical, as in cutting, or is etavgere, apnrdommisaeys bteoofbfseetteevmepnonraorwy,byhothwe iL cWoshiast ainsd thtueberreclautlioosnis?between sili cost of damage suits. III. What is the effect of other sub Aside from the economic considera stances upon the action of silica? tion is the even more important social (It is claimed that some dusts retard otrrachtsumananoccfuacptaotri.onIafl aafflwicotrioknm, ahnis wcoifne the action of silica, apparently di luting its effect, while others are said danodes hthise wchhioldlerecnomsmufufenrityi.ndTihreectUlyn,iteads to speed up the silica action.) IV. Determination of hood design data SthtaattesthPeublilfiec HexepaeltchtaSnecryvicoef hiansdushstorwianl ifnorvovlavreidouisnduthset-pcrroudsuheiningg, pgrroincdesinsegs, cwaosrekoefrsotihs esrevweorrakl myeeanr. sPlneesusmthoanniainratthees and general handling of rock. Another problem calls (or the devel aarree twmiucechas hhiigghherandfotrubtehreculionsdisusrtartieasl oenptmgeenntogorfapahfyoo(lX-prroaoyf).teIcthanpiqpueaersofthraot g1r5o,0u0p0,,0w00hicphersroonusghelmy pcloomyepdrisinesmsaonmue pinrcel-uedmipnlgoyamchenetst mroeednitcgaelnoegxraamminwaitlilobnes facTtuhrisinsgituaantdionmifnuirntgh.er emphasizes the rineqgudireegdreoef winortkhmeefnuttuoraen. Tevheursinacrmeaasn nreeseedarocfh acecnotoerrdidneadtiicnagteadndtocothreredlaetvinelg omfayhisbeXh-irraeyd foilrm.reTjehceterdefoorne, ththee bbaessist opment of sorely-needed information on the cause, cure, and prevention of air possible technique that can he evolved is the least with which einployeis can he borne occupational diseases. Possessed satisfied. 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