Document MM1Y2xRgQpYX0K68kd6jB6vOk

FILE NAME: Dlavai (DEL) DATE: 1932 Oct 22 DOC#: DEL001 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Trade Journal Article - Rock Products - Dust Hazard Rock Products Industry 7 With which is lnc * * ,t 1 l l i l l r i E w s Founded *9 E niei ed as second-class m atter, July 2, 1907, at th e Chicago, III., poatofftce under the Act o f M arch 3, 1879, Copyrighted, 1932, bv Tradepress Publishing Corporation Contents for October 22, 1932 A Modern M aterial Handling P lan t............................. 7-9 St. Louis Material and Supply Co. has new plant for the storage and delivery of sand. Opening a New Q uarry............................................... ...... 9 The M anufacture o f Portland Cem ent........................ 10-11 Part V I!-- Properties of cement and effects of components (continued). By S. B. Hutton, Crushed Stone Plant of Moderate Size with Un usual Features ......................... ........... .................... 12-13 Cerulean Stone Co., Cerulean, Ky., has dust collecting system and uses Diesel engine power. Dust H azard in Rock Products Industry................... 14-17 Only dusts containing silica are dangerous-- digest of papers and discussion al the National Safety Congress. Chemical Analyses of the Particles of Various Sizes of Ground Cem ent............................................... 18-19 By E. T. Carlson and P. H , Bates, Hudson River Stone Corp. New Plant Inspected by Constructors and E ngineers................. 29 Cement M anufacturers Take Leading Part in Drive for S a fe r H ighw ays........................................ 34-36 H'ill give society benefit of personnel made "safety conscious." Otho M. G raves Elected Chairman, Quarry Sec tion, N ational S a fety C ouncil.....................................36-37 Cement Industry in 1931................ ............. ....... ...... 38-39 Final government figures shotv cement shipments were 20% less than in 1930. W ater Control o f Dry M ixed Concrete........................42-43 By G. W. Glecson. Departments Chemists' Corner ........................... 18-19 H ints and H elps fo r Superintendents...-..................,20-21 Rock Product* C linic........... -..................... - .................22-23 Editorial Comment ..............................................................24-25 Financial N ew s and Com m ent............................ 26-27 Ed. Shaw's N ew s Letter from Los A n g e le s ............. 28 Foreign A bstracts and P atent R eview ............ ... 30-31 Traffic and T ransportation........................................- .32-33 Portland Cem ent Production, Septem ber................... 40-41 Cem ent Products ................................................................ 42-43 P rices o f M aterial..............................................................44-47 N ew M achinery and Equipm ent.....................................50-51 The Industry ................................................ 54 Classified Directory o f A d vetrisers............................. 56-57 (R o c k P ro d u ct* is in d e x ed in th e uIn du strial A rts Index/* w hich can b e fo u n d in a n y P u blic L ib ra ry) TRADEPRESS PUBLISHING CORPORATION 542 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A. Nathan C. Rockwood, President; Fred S. Peters, Vice-President T. I. McKnight, Secretary I, H. Callender, Treasurer NATHAN C. ROCKWOOD, Editor and Manager EDMUND SHAW, Los Angeles, Calif., Contributing Editor EARL C. HARSH, WALTER B. LENHART, H. 0. HAYES, Associate Editors A. M. STERN, Assistant Editor ERED S. PETERS, Advertising Manager JOS. J. KOLAR, Production Manager E. H. PAULL, E astern R e p rese n ta tiv e 250 Fifth Ave., New York City. Tel. Ashland 44723 GEORGE M. EARNSHAW, Central Advertising Manager 522 Citizens Bldg., Cleveland, Ohio. Main 2559 L. C. THAON, Western Representative Chicago. Tel. Wabash 37143715 % BSCKIPTION--Two dollars a year to United States anti Possessions. 14.25 a year to Canada (including duty) and $4.00 to foreign countries. Tenty-five cents for single copies TO SUBSCRIBERS--Date on wiapper indicates which your subscription exphes. In wiitim have address changed, give old as well as new addie-.- T h e A . B . P , is n o n p ro fit organisation w hose m em bers have pledged them selves to a w o rkin g co d e o f a p ra ctice in w hich the interest* ttf th e m en o f A m erican in d u stry , trade a n d p ro fe s s io n s a re p la c e d first~~-u ro d e d e m a n d in g u n b ia se d e d ito ria l p u g es, classifietl a nd ve rified p a id su b scrib ers, a n d h o ttest a d ve rtisin g n f d e p e n d a b le p ro d u c ts. T h e A.B .C . it, a n o r g a n i s a t i o n w h ic h a u d i t * a n d v e r if i e s p u b l i s h e r s ' e i r m l t i t i o n t i u iu t t i a n d r e t a i d s . MIC with to 14 M o e k IPirodhoLOtis October 22, 1932 Dust Hazard in Rock Products Industry Only Dusts Containing Silica Are Dangerous--Digest of Papers and Discussion at the National Safety Congress u THE RECENT at Washington, National D. C., Safety Congress included a sym posium on the dust hazards to health in in Lime Dusts Not Injurious has shown a tuberculosis complication. Until we have more statistics of people working itt asbestos dust we should not say too much dustry, a subject of particular interest to OCK PRODUCTS took an ac about the part played by tuberculosis in asso it 1 some rock products producers at this time tive interest in the dust prob ciation with this condition " because of the activity of a certain type of lem in its industries as early as 1921, when the editor heard from A nalyses o f M ineral Industry D usts lawyer in promoting lawsuits for damages, various producers that lim e and J. J. Bloomfield said in part: During running (in the aggregate) to millions of dollars. lim estone dust had been regarded in the industry for generations not the past nine years he had made numerous only as not harmful, bat actually investigations of the dust hazard in many i Dr. Leonard Greenburg, Yale Univer helpful in the treatm ent o f tuber industrial establishments. He presented a * sity, New Haven, Conn., presided as chair culosis. In the January 14, 1922 summary which showed that the highest . man. The first paper by Dr. L. U. Gardner, issue is a 6-page a rtic le on "Lim e dust exposure was in talc mines, slate fin director of Trudeau Laboratory, Saranac and Tuberculosis" containing a symposium o f the experience and ishing mills, quartz (silica) grinding plants, Lake, N. Y., dealt with the kinds of dust opinions o f numerous lime manu coal mining and granite cutting operations. encountered in industry and their effect upon facturers and a summary of exist Owing to the high percentage of silica pres the lung tissues. The second paper by J. J. ing literature on the subject. ent in the dust of quartz grinding and gran Bloomfield, U. S. Public Health Service, The subject has been continu ite cutting plants he found these to Ire the Washington, D. C., followed with a discus soiunscley tdhiasct utsismede. inInRtohcek JPurnoedu2c8ts, most hazardous of the occupations which he i sion of the methods of determination of dust 1924, issue is a 5-page article on had studied. as to particle size and concentration in the the use o f both lime and gypsum "A knowledge of the dust content of the air. The third paper by Dr. A. E. Russell, U S. Public Health Service, Washington. D. C., discussed clinical and statistical studies in various dusty trades. In the fourth paper, dusts as possible preventives and cures for tuberculosis. These ar ticles received w ide notice and Dr. Miriam Isxard was led to make her thesis for her medical degree at industrial atmosphere is required," said Mr. Bloomfield, "not only for the purpose of de termining the extent of the hazard involved in various manufacturing processes, hut' it is Theodore Hatch, of the Harvard School of Johns H opkins U niversity on the also useful in measuring the efficiency of Public Health, Boston, Mass., discussed the subject. H er conclusions w ere not protective devices which may be used in the various methods of dust control in industrial very specific as to the effect of these dusts as cures or preven elimination of the dust hazard." plants, and in the fifth paper, Prof. Philip tives, but were quite definite that In discussing the health hazard, he said: ' l Drinker, Harvard School of Public Health, lime and gypsum dusts were not "It is now well established that the inhala 3 outlined the various methods for protecting tiie worker against dust inhalation. Dr. L. U. G ardner said in part: "At first it was thought that all dusts were capa ble oi producing disease, but with further study it became obvious that different types of dust produced different effects. W ith fur ther study it became obvious that dusts con taining silica were particularly harmful and that they produced definite changes in the lung tissues. Today we recognize silicosis as a form of disease which is quite definite. There are other forms of changes in the lung tissues which are produced by the in halation of dust about which we know little. causes o f tuberculosis, or silicosis, as are dusts containing silica. In the course o f these 10 years Rock Products collected and pub lished much inform ation in regard to experience and experim ents with lime, lim estone and gypsum dusts which should be very help ful to any producer faced with lawsuits as a result of alleged in ju ry to health due to exposure to these dusts. The great preponder ance of evidence is that the "lime salt" dusts are dissolved in the lungs and provide calcareous m ate rial to heal the lesions o f tubercu losis.-- The Editor. tion of certain types of dust, such as granite dust, will in time produce fibrosis of the lungs, at times associated with tuberculosis. In other cases exposure to dust may result in the production of a far less degree of fibrosis without notable tendency toward subsequent tuberculosis; this is true of ce ment dust. And finally, there are certain types of dust as typified by marble dust, which in the quantities and lengths of ex posure so far observed produce little lung fibrosis. In general it has been found that those dusts which are high in silica content are the ones which produce a disabling fibrosis of the lungs most readily. Hence, the necessity for knowledge concerning the "We know many of these dust conditions are associated with a factor of infection itt the lung. Some believe that silicosis can not exist without a background of latent infec tion. However, this is an extreme view, as \\e know we can produce experimentally a true silicosis in animals by the inhalation of silica alone. "All dust, when inhaled, mechanically in jures the lung tissues, and the small par ticles injure the cells. W e know that the type of injury varies with the nature of the dust particle." Dr. Gardner showed a number of lantern slides illustrating the effect of dust on the lung' tissues: "If coal dust is present in ex chemical and miueralogical composition of a dust is obvious. "With reference to the quantity of dust present in the air of a workroom, it is ap parent that when the dust concentration is high the exposed person will inhale a greater quantity in a given period of time than lie will when the dust concentration of the at "Much has been written about coal miners cessive quantities and silica in relatively in mosphere is relatively low, and since the and the factor of infection due to inhalation significant amounts, we haw a distribution rate of production of the disease is partially of dust. Pneumonia rates are excessive which is comparable to that of pure coal If dependent upon the rate at which the dust among coal miners, but probably the tuber silica is in excess and coal not abundant, is inhaled, this latter fact plays an inipot culosis iate is lower than in other indus we have a nodular type similar to silicosis. tant role in predicting the relathe dangei tries This seems to end with different "As far as asbestos is concerned, we do of different environments. Hence the need groups, and much more work must lie done not know the whole story An autopsy re for the evaluation of the quanliu of dust before we t an talk definitely port of an individual dying of asbestosi.- in the industrial atmosphere .s obvious. 16 O ctober 22, 1932 "If dustiness can be controlled by local exhaust fans and dust-collecting equipment, protective devices such as respirators or positive pressure helmets have no place ex cept as emergency equipment. However, mans processes like abrasive (sand or steel) blasting, paint and enamel spraying, porce lain manufacture, stone cutting, sand grind ing, and the like, will not, in all probability, be made reasonably dust free for some years to coine. In work of this type. respirators and other protective devices have an impor tant place. The safety man should under stand thoroughly what can be expected of protective devices and, above all. should he able to check and observe whether the work men are getting the protection they require. "One sees occasionally statements to the effect that respirators have no place m in dustry because they filter out only large particles anc! let pass tile small ones which are always the more harmful. Against this is the indisputable fact that the dust catching efficiency of several makes of respirators exceeds 90% on silica dust with particles less than two microns A careful measure ment of the size of dust particles entering and leaving respirators shows a slight but unimportant reduction m average size of the dust particles." Professor Drinker rev ievved the specifica tions for respirators which have been for mulated by the U. S. Bureau of Mines and paid glowing tribute to the high caliher of its work and its importance to the safety movement. Also he outlined the require ments for testing sand blast helmets and paint spray masks. "The manufacture of protective equip ment," he said, "should he allowed all pos sible license in modifications anti improve ments having to do with appearance, ob,-truction to vision, comfort, ruggedness and practicability of his equipment. Tf the manu facturer desires his product to be certified as to its performance under the conditions for which he designed and built it, the pro spective purchaser and safety engineer is equally desirous of know ing the performance data " Discussion Discussion was withheld until all papers were read. Chairman Greenburg then called upon various people for comment. Follow ing this the meeting' was thrown open for general discussion and then the original speakers called on for replies. Dr. Pancoast, pathologist. University of Pennsylvania, said in part' "[ have been interested in silicosis for a number of years. We have the very best wav of finding out what changes arc taking place in the lungs by x-rays. There can be no dispute to that question We also have otic of the best ways of determining the imapacity of the individual, but most of the^e examinations are not carried out thoroughly and tile in formation is not given. The x-ray exam ination is only one small part, and that is something that is overlooked su frequently A physician who has little knowledge of the subject will present x-ia> pictures--and diagnose silicosis as the cause! It takes all of the ability of many witnesses who know something about the subject to counteract the few words he may say. Many here know that. We must know the kind of dust, dust counts, chemical constituents of the dust, clinical aspect of the case, time of wotk, how long he works each day, whether he is breathing the general atmosphere of the room or a more concentrated atmosphere. Previous occupation is often overlooked. All of these different sides to the question must be taken into consideration in every instance in which a man is charged with lack of capacity for work." Dr. McConnell, Metropolitan Life In surance Co., said: "Dr. Russell made a very important point in calling our atten tion to the necessity of having authority 1u decide cases. This is a matter of consider able interest to the meeting, and much thought should be given to it." Mr. Cunningham said: "The whole sit uation has been presented very thoroughly. Two things have occulted to me: (1) Those stone cutters who have cut limestone for 15 or 20 years and who have tubercu losis. in each case have cut sandstone previ ously. Whether a short exposure a long time ago is important 20 years later is im portant. (2) Examination of workers who have been exposed simultaneously to silica and alkali Reports have been made show ing silicosis may develop rapidly 1 am in terested in the presentation of the situation regarding the control of dust because it is the real problem ahead of us." Dr. Lloyd, U. S. Bureau of Standards, said. "Dr. Drinker told us lmw they test the respirator and pointed out the impracti cability of using positive air pressure as a dust eliminator A definite opinion is de sired as to what type of respirator is ade quate under bad dust conditions and within acceptable operating limits for protecting a man," Dr. Drinker: "I certainly do not con sider respirators adequate under such cir cumstances. Supposing you have a dusty atmosphere of, say, 50.000,000 count and yuu want to reduce it to 20,000,000. If your respirator is 90% efficient it would get the dust concentration down to 5,000,000, but eight hours a day constant use will be ob jectionable. In jobs in places like foundries, mines, sand blasts, etc., the exposure is not continuous. In such cases the respirator is not worn continuously." Dr. Knutsen, "Wisconsin Industrial CoinnissKui, said- "Two or throe nf the speak ers made mention of the decision of claims which are made a- the result of men be coming incapacitated hi v,<hking in dusty occupations. "This, to mo, has been one of the most interesting sections I have attended in over 10 years of Safety Council meetings. The problem of silicosis and tuberculosis has been before us in Wisconsin since 1917, because of the fact that at that time onr compensa tion law was amended providing compensa tion benefits ior any disease or disability resulting from an occupation, I appreciate that one or two states have such provisions. I suggest one way of deciding a case is to have compensation laws amended coveringall diseases of occupations so that claims may be decided by the industrial commission rather than by juries as the result of civil claims being filed. "I will relate briefly difficulties we have. I do not wish to make a statement reflectingnn the medical profession. The difficulty is this. Oftentimes a claim is presented to us for compensation by some individual because of a disability allegedly resulting from sili cosis. In many of those cases we have mem bers of the medical profession testify in behalf of the clients, who i\e personally are satisfied are not specialists or competent along those particular lines. The discourag ing tiling to us is that in hearing the evi dence we have men before us who have specialized foi years in lung diseases, men who are engaged in private practice and are at the head of tubercular institutions, testify ing one group on one side, that the results of physical findings and x-rays show that the patient is disabled as a result of silicosis. Others equally qualified testily to the con trary. We have had some if these cases when we heard testimony and the individual didn't have lung to live. We withheld our decision until the individual passed away and suggested an autopsy We can not force an autopsy, but we are privileged to withhold our decision. After the autopsy, these two groups of doctors take specimens, examining them microscopically, and we bear them tak ing the same position that they had in the first hearing. That. I want to say, is mighty discouraging " Dr. Roach, compensation commissioner for tlie state ot Xew Jersey, said in part: "I am teiy much interested in the subject, because silicons ks a thing that we are very much concerned about in Xew Jersey at the present time I might say that \v*e have some experience in compensation cases in the state parallel in that described by Comnu.s.sioner Knutsen from Wisconsin. It doesn't require much evidence to prove that certain quantities of silica are harmful to the human stein. After an exposure continu ous over a period of time long enough, per manent physical damage is hound to result, maybe to the point of the extinction of tne individual. There are certain things that I am yen much concerned about in connection with this subject of dust l'o find some workable productive device that will safe guard the men uho are exposed 60 or 70 different industric-s to silica dmt. It is not iTiSv. Il m.u be that in the '.dvoratorv ev lieriirt'm \ under rather favorable conditions, a piece of apparatus may be dei doing! which is satisfactory. Respiratory devices that mi"ht he good on .some may not work so well on others." Dr, J. G. Cunningham, commissioner of hygiene, Toronto, Out., said in part: "Many cases in milling come from physicians when examining miners for employment All cases are referred to a compensation board. When the claim is receded by the board it makes its arrangements to insure that all other re quirements of the act have been met. In Ontario a miner must he exposed fur five years. Ollier occupations have various ex posure time limits. After these provisions have been met the cases are referred to a referee board, which is composed of three members, two of whom must see the case and complete the examination. Decision must be unanimous, and is final, and the claim is referred back to Die compensation board." Dr. Russell: "D r. Cunningham spoke of finding among his limestone workers that they had worked in sandstone years before. If you will remember in the `Granite-Cutting Bulletin' the death rate for manufacturers was almost equal to that of granite cutters. In most instances he (the manufacturer) was not exposed to dust. H e did not work at it eight hours a day. Tlie story is that the majority of manufacturers started out and learned the stone business by being granite cutters. "In these days o f law suits it is surprising how quickly experts can develop I think commissioners and their hoards should pay more attention to the qualifications of their experts " Dr. Sayers, U. S. Public H ealth Service, said in part: `T have in mind two cases. The men both had silicosis and tuberculosis for 19 years. Both of them are still at work We have examined them periodically right along during the period. They are not in good condition, but they are at work. 1 do not believe we are in a position to say whether a man has susceptibility to tuber culosis Throughout the time the informa tion was available, it looks as though suscep tibility to tuberculosis continues for at least 20 years." Dr. Lawrence Greenburg: "Will some one say something regarding the so-called acute cases of exposure: Most of us have the idea it is a matter of long gradual ex posure." Dr. Russell: "Acute silicosis is a ptoblem that is facing industry. I personally can not think of silicosis as anything but chronic, my first experience being with granite work ers. One case of silicosis had eight months' exposure. In a tuberculosis sanitarium the superintendent was kind enough to give me an x-ray. It is sometimes impossible to demonstrate physically or with laboratory evidence a case of active tuberculosis. In 'J !w JournoI of the .Inieriian Medical .Issociutton. an article by 7Jr. Chapman of Boston tells of exposure extended to three years. They were considered as acute ease-." Management of Labor in Mining Operations I I O W some of the mining companies hate * * developed efficient organizations is d e scribed in Information Circular 6650. "Man agement of Labor in Successful Metal Mine Operations,'' recently published by the U. S Bureau of Mines. This 35-page bulletin Miiimiari/cs rlie darn contained in some 80 information circulars on individual mines and discusses the advan tages and disadvantages of various systems of paying and handling labor. Since the cost of labor is m ore than 00f/< of the cost of mining, the development of efficient, willing workers is of the greatest importance. Organization, resixnisibility and planning are also discussed. According to the circular, 40% of the mines described operate entirely on a contract or bonus sys tem, 44% operate partly on contract or bonus and partly on a day wage basis, and 16% operate on a day wage basis. Increasing Cement Kiln Output '"T H E use of chain- in the feed end of a 1 wet process cement kiln is described m ail article by E Schit'm in the September issue of Cement and Cement Manufacture. The first of.the accompanying illustrations shows an arrangement of chains to effect heat transfer and to expedite the passage oi Fig. /. A n anjfevitn i of tong`chains the material along the kiln. The chains arc attached in groups ( three groups only being shown in the illustration ) in a spiral forma tion, the curtain of hanging chains forming a spiral surface which moves the material forward as the kiln revolves. This arrange ment gives a good exchange of heat between the gases and the material. The second illustration shows another at- rangeincnt where short heavy c h a i n - . used. '1 liev are hung in spiral formate.i th at they may move the material ,ui ue i kiln more cfit\ lively, but tile gi eater p, ! o i the kiln section i- left open mi that t b i , is not as much tra n ste r of heat dim - , Fig. 2. Arrangem ent o f short chains it is staled, the long light chains can he ik ,| along with the short heavy chains, or e.a i kind e,m he used in alternate zones The article .states that the use of chains and other devices m the upper zones h , considerably increased the output and tii : it has been tom d that the ch'nkenng ah e can readily handle more than the normitl iiuan tity of material which would through a plain kiln. It is also staled that the radiation In-, from a kiln depends upon the shell dinici skills rather than the amount of iiwteri.-1 passing through and that the loss per un of output is reduced by' working at bighe capacity These methods in the wet pro-e-and similar methods in tile dry process an stated to be an important advance in liso one kiln ran lie made to do the work of tv.,. Rubber Sheathed Cables A CCORDISiG to the Bureau oi Mm. * * there" has beeu a marked imprmeini w in recent years in the construction and [si fortnance of rubber sheathed trailing cabb used with electrictl equipment. While w-m failures are due to kinking and overheatm.: when on a reel, most are caused by cruslu as a result oi being rim over by a car ubeitig struck by tailing material Cruslmi; tests made hy the bureau, using a 7-ton c.o , indicate that twill or duplex-type cab le , n itlistand such crushing better than com n i tric types. Full information covering these mvi-tiuntions is contained in a 52-|>age booklet pub lished by the Bmeau of Mines, U S hrpartmeilt of Commerce, as Bulletin nfs. which may be obtained from the Supei m tendent of Documents Washington, D C Canada Asbestos Production A SRKSTOS production in Canada <Ji in Juh amounted to 7171 tou-*, a di cline ut 10.1% front the June shipments .i"l 47 3% from the July. 1931. total i)urtrthc seven months ending Jn h . Ca n ad ia n pi\. diu`er*v shipped >0,753 tom. as compared wn' i 93,389 tons ui the correspondin' pc;i<>d m 1931. October 22, 1932 A n n o u n cin g The "WDM W ell Drill Sharpener The "WD" Sharpener has behind it Ingersoll-Rand's twenty years of ex perience in building drill steel sharp eners. In addition, it has two years of successful field operation actually sharpening well drill bits before it was offered to the trade. Clamping D o lly in g Swaging Cauging 100 per cent reuiuiiu; edje T rue eutliiitf edte One quarry reports the "W D" Sharpener has cut their drilling costs 61 per cent. Two other quarries report cuts of 50 per cent in drilling costs. All three quarries report a saving of 50 per cent in sharpening costs. Our nearest branch will be glad It) give, you further information. Ingensoll-Rand 11 Broadway, New York City Steam Turbines, for all speed and steam conditions; capacities up to 15,000 bp. Catalog 0149. Helical Gears. Catalog R149. 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Goodyear Emerald Cord Air Hose, Style M, and I Wingfoot are specified to your particular service by the G.T. M.-- Goodyear Technical Man. You will find you get more efficient hose, and also save considerable money in hose replacements, if you have the G .T. M. handle your hose re quirements. To get in touch with him, write to Goodyear, Akron, Ohio, or Los Angeles, ) California, or call your nearest Goodyear Mechanical Rubber Goods Distributor. All Goodyear products arc. constantly under develop ment and test for further improvement. Each new advance is completely mill- or mine-proved when offered for industrial service. THE GREATEST NA M E IN RUBBER Do You Know Your Drying Costs? First cost, reduced to interest and deprecia tion at 16% per year is usually 15% of the operating cost. Therefore, 85% of your thought should be given to operating costs. Do you know yours? Ruggles-Coles Dryers are unquestionably the most economical and the most efficient on the market. Where else can you dry Clay from 23% to 2% mois ture for $0,351 per ton? Or Sand from 6% to 0 for $0,105 per ton? Or Coal from 9% to 1% for $0,172 per ton? Write for facts on Ruggles-Coles installations //. les Hardinge Company,!TM. York; Pa. N ew Y ork-- 122 E a st 4?nd S tieet Chicago---205 W est W ack er D rive S an Francisco---235 M ontgom ery St. INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS A Allen Cotie & M achineiy Corp A m erican Steel & Wive Co . . . . 61 .. 3 B Babcock & W ilcox Co.. .. . 6 B radley P ulverizer Co.............................. ... 59 B roderick & Bascom Rope Co. .,, . . 58 B ucvnis-E rie Co. . . .. S C C hicago Blow P ip e Co . ... 60 Chicago P etforating Co... . ... <>2 C lark B u s t Collecting Co. .... . 60 C lassified A dvertisem ents ..................... .62-63 Classified D irectory of A d v ertise rs-- .56*57 C leveland W ire Cloth & M fg. C o .... .. 60 C ross E n g in eerin g Co........................... . 61 I) De Lava! Steam Tm hine Co . . 61 E E a sto n C ar Sc C onstruction Co E n sig n B ickford Co................... 62 . . 62 F F airbanks, M o ise & Co............ 1 F ate -R o o t-H eath C o........................... 61 Frog, Sw itch Sc M ig. Co............................. 62 F u lle r Co....................................... . . 62 G OouiUeai T h e & Rubber Co , In r - H H ardm g e C om pany ................................... 64 H arnisch feg er C o rp ......................................... 58 H a rrin g to n Sc K in g P e rfo ratin g Co.. . 59 H ayw ard C om pany ....................................... 59 H azard W ire R ope Co ............... . 53 H endrick M fg. C o............. ..... '8 I Iiigem oll-U and Co. .. . In sid e F ro n t C< ve- L J.nimiis M achine Co. . n ` N N oidberg M fg. Co . . . In sid e Back C ove1' P P e u n sy h a m a C iu sh er C o ............... ... 60 P ly m o u th D ocom otn e W o rk s................ ol R Kugrgles-Coles E n g . D iv of the H ard- inge Co., I n c .............................................. 64 Ryettiori) Job, T ,, & Sons, I n c . . - - 60 S Schaffer P odom eter Co ..........................61 Sm idth, F. E.> & Co...................................... 4 Sm ith E n g in eerin g W o k* .................... 61 U U niversal V ibrating Sci sen Co..................60 l% ed E q u i p m e n t .......................................62-63 M M cLanahan & Stone Corp.. . M eirick Scale M fg. Co................. W jd , W elch, F . M , E ng. Service, In c ........... 57 61 | W ilfley, A. R ., & Son, I n c .................. 61 R ock Products