Document MJqLJ4QNgmxn8b3MoJknvqkYk

FILE NAME Manville JMA DATE 1966-1967 DOC JMA385 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Urban Air Asbestos Study with Attached Letters 4 7a reeeraere : erejceanota FILECOPY pelscblge an ve cbt aie 3 2 cay Any.YY a9, FILE Mi FILE we FILE oy tm ie: sine *, pate . $405 me : aeiihe ob ag:soe a FILE Ahaclavndve ce cid . . June . > 24% : a r eg yg O71 oe Tiger tet co mts at MOF RS OP foe Beg, SEIT ae whe Ra wR et RS ran cS . . gee ck: a SREP, ve Urban AirAsbestosStudy | . oye Dr. A. J. Vorwald ~ ee Report Dr.Vorwald's Vorwald's analysisof of et rae collected eae exposed Eat 2sof largevolumesofairae y intersectionandanalysiscoments comments consistscomments and 92 we ite Feet: pe"eR:iamliMcer= opatheosatiloetgeraphmicsrophotgraphs . ways Gtba apbal ety Me Aseok open devine! Aste hywoh: BecauseDr. Vorwald |observed frequent fibers the airye)wee lf Me Bi se AYsnr viene" samples warding for- which chrysotile the are not unlike pure I am ence the complete report including the microphoto- (27S|.SNe graphs to F. L. Pundsack for review and comment . The fact that there were no fibers or fibrous bodies found wets oe inthelungtissue of animals exposed up to 1700 daysis te encouraging even though some borne mayeee ws asbestos of the fibers raems ~ ae Be aoe: ene ae ee . prove to hav^'been eletd wy 4 4 RCeoa py FESALA HBR report dade attached end attached , Woe etaten SEU tee Raines copy Copy of the report is attached to Bill aoe uae!oesetRsae of this letter for distribution to the Health Task Force Attachment - W.P. Rainesattachment ; INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The report pertains to certain studies conducted by the Department persuant to the basic letter of lots 8 ov 1966 from Kenneth W. Smith M. D. Medical Directozt - bedi. Manville Corporation Subsequently the studies were designed and initiated in accordance with a number of peri sonal discussions and telephonic conversations with Dr. South and in keeping with letters of October 14 1966 to Dr. Smith and February 8 1967 Mr. Hugh Jackson and personil : discussions with him Belly the studies were prompted by published reports concerning the presence of fibers and ^ brousbodies in the lungs oi a significant number of human subjects of the general population who have had no apparent occupational occupational exposure to the inhalation of asbestos fibers These findings suggest that those subjects inhaled the fibers from the general atmosphere This prompted the issues as to whether or not the fibers are indeed present in the general atmosphere and if so what are their characteristic features to wit could they be asbestos fibers These issues were discussed at the First Antigua Asbestos Conference held in November of 1965 At that time the Department was urged to initiate studies utilizing not only the dust samples collected periodically from the street air adjacent to the Department but also the lungs of animals that had prolonged exposure to the inhalation- of that air In view of the above it was deemed pertiDIODE te direct our consideration in an effort to resolve those frauch frauch Accordingly a variety of interrelated studies were quitiated and completed as detailed detailed in the Table of Content That Table evidences involvement with at least four dirett dirett forms of pure fibrous materials which for the purposes of the record may be identified as follows Amosite Asbestos mt Source Manville Corporation Type M. No. W Fibers Slapped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic bag Date July 25 1966 Occup Med Dept. No H 173 Chrysotile Asbestos ~ Source Manville Corporation Corporation Corporation Type M. No. T Fibers Shipped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic bag . . Date July 25 1966 Occup Med Dept. No 174 Crocidolite Asbestos . Source Jolms Manville Corporation Type M. No. S. Blue Fibers Shipped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic Date July 25 1966 Occup Med Dept. No M 175 bag New Cambridge M 85 Filter Occup Med Dept. No H 178 The report consists essentially of a series ni photos graphs and data which are organized in two looseste af albums or volumes With respect to the photographs they depict microscopic views conventional light phase and electroaniero- electroaniero- elctroaniero- scopic of various preparations Each photograph bears a brief description of each sample and its magnification The magnification is presented in three different form the actual magnification the number of microns per millimeter is stated so that measurements can be made with any metric scale a segment of line equal to an even mumber of microns is drawn so that measurements can be made without ise of scale With respect to the series of micrographs it will be noted that the presentations are numerous order to depict fibers discovered in various samples Also certain fibers are presented as observed under conventional liget microscopy and under phase contrast microscopy at different magnifications for elucidation of fiber structure In addition numerous fibrous structures are depicted as discovered in various samples of collected dust as indicated either from the air duct ahead of the filter the Cambridge Absolute Glass Wool filter or the membrane filter with dust collected directly from the outdoor air ambient to the sidewalk at street level adjacent to the Department The micrographs also refer to dust sample preparations that were heated to 1000 degrees centigrade either for two hours or for three hours The preparatiowenrse placed in platinum crucibles with r lo prevent possibile co ion from fallings off the fire brick lining the middle furaote furaote Heating was carried out order to rid the sample of +11 organic substance this leaving a residud of oake aes resistant material Samples of pure fiberglass fem micro- micrograph 46 were similarly heated They congealed into a molten mass with complete loss of fibrous and flamentous structure Accordingly a microphotograph of that mass is not presented Finally the report concerns a study of specially specially prepared sections of lungs of animals that have land prolonged exposure to the inhalation of air drawn directly from the street adjacent the Department The focus of that storty was to detect the possible presence of intrapulmonary fibers curious bodies and asbestos bodies It may be said that this phase of the study involved a detailed microscopic review of a number of specially prepared thick sections stained and unstained and of smears from each lung The cations were reviewed under conventional light microscopy an under phase microscopy by the undersigned and by ais associate pathologist COMMENTS The data subinitted is subject to a variety variety of inserpre tations The seemingly most inaportant onervationes lich cheaper cheaper are as follows A. The pure forms of fibrous minerala minerala ang sa Dstances amosite chrysotile crocidolite fiberglaas have different characteristics when viewed by means of conventional light microscopy phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy in that regard and for purposes of subsequent sons attention is specifically invited to inicrographs 13 and 16 which depict the electron micrographic micrographic visualization of pure chrysotile and of heated chrysotile B. The micrographs of filter dust depict the ; presence of fibrous materials micrographs 2-4-32 which in many instances display structures not unlike chrysotile micrograph 30 The ^...berspersist even after heating at 1000 degrees Centigrute for 3 bours micrographs 33-45 The dust collected from the absolute Cunbridge filter also evidences the presence of fibers micrographs 40-54 which are also resistant to heating at high temperature micrographs 55-76 Many of those fibers bear features which are not unlike pure chrysotile for example compare micrographs 71 72 and 76 with 13 16 The membrane Millipore filter samples of dust micro- aprapless 77-92 collected at the andewalanldewal level from the street adjacent the Department also deplet fibers which in many instances have internal structures structures not undike chrysotile Notable in third coward are micrmicorogrgaphsrmiacrpogrhapshs 82 and 92 E. E. E. In view of the above and within the buit ob cine study is seemingly impossible to den that the general air ambient to the Departmend site which is adjacent to a highly congested street in downtown Detroit does contain fibrous material Also the findings suggest that many of the fibers bear structural characteristics which are not unlike chrysotile asbestos Whether or not other forms of asbestos are also present would require detailed detailed analytical study beyond the scope of this report Also the concentration of the fibrous misterial and indeed of specific fibers per unit volume of air would involve more comprehensive study t in contemplated for purposes of this report Such a study however could be designed and undertaken if the vidence thus far presented in the report would warrant the natra effort time and expense With respect to the lungs of animals having prolonged exposure to the inhalation of the ambient air see Table I the study failed to discover the presence of fibrous material and fibrous bodies in specially prepared stained and unstained thick sections of lung and when available in stained and unstained smears of scrapings from the cut surface of the gross lung In view of the presence of fibers in the air tPeee gp Mlaee re rr a ,socclee rr their pulmonary aan! absence is indeed difficult to explain fithe a thu attospheric fiber concentration was too low to induce a detectable presence in the lung os the ^ berawere too large to pass the determ mjen i dtts of the upper respiratory passages iters did not gain access to the lung or the fibers vera too sanall to be discovered by means of conventioned light microscopy The limited study did not incorporate a tedious survey of tissue and smears by means of electronmicroscopy It may be said here that the long sections did not evidence a histopathology indicative of diffuse fibrosis possibly induced by inhaled fibrous material having biologic activity TABLE I Animals Exposed to the Inhalation of Dirty Air Derivent Derivent From Street fa vel Adjacent to Laboratory in De ie in Detroit Detroit Exp No. 367 835 Mouse No. 37 61 24 45 & 19 Days Exposed 610 463 463 572 957 892 gibers and In Sections Sections Of Lung Fibrous Bodies In Smears Of Lung u 0 U U v , 0 0 U 0 i} 0 833 3 25 27 574 574 574 629 Rat No. 159 179 209 221 223 160 180 210 224 837 99 42 44 858 | 7 22 104 . 4041 4404 384 104 404 404 10-1 404 - 1012 1012 1012 a) 957 957 ( 0 Q Q ; DC 0 U () ) ) 0 CO CO CO CO ) 0 . Q = = 0 0 0 0 ) 0 Q 0 0 O O O 0 + * - wt . . a TABLETABLE con't Exp No. Chinea 1 7 8 10 19 20 25 35 36 37 635 . t 24 36 771 8 15 16 772 N ) 5 7 9 12 15 19 30 , a | : a, " 1 8 15 24 27 1037 1648 1648 16-18 1648 1648 1648 1037 1116 1163 1641 1037 1037 1248 1243 1248 1248 1248 1248 1248 1243 1249 1248 1248 1249 1221 1222 1222 1222 1222 Fibers bust In ans 0 ineces Fibrous Bodics a Smears Of Lune Q 0 0 0 ) 0 0 0 0 0 0 oo 4 ? 831 -T- Aee BLE 1 con Guinea 1 6 10 1 12 14 16 17 18 24 32 39 Days Exposed Fe [Ce , 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 123 1231223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 12231223 1223 1223 1223 12 31223 1223 1223 1223 12231223 1223 1223 1223 123 1223 1223 1223 1223 11222233 1223 123 1223 1223 1223 Fibers and Vibrous Bodies In gli In Sincars Of Lamp Of Lung ee ae: ten ae 4) V 643 Rabbit No. ee ne Rabbit 4 11 11 16 17 18 3 775 776 \ 1713 1105 1713 1713 1713 1065 683 15821582 1713 1713 1713 1713 1713 1105 1043 1309 1309 1313 1313 G 0 0 == M. CONFIDENTIAL MANVILLE RESEARCH . Date AND ENGINEERING CENTER File MINUTES ASBESTOS ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM Meeting with Dr. Arthur Vorwald and Associates Wayne University - November 1 1967 November 14 1967 259 General The meeting was arranged by tion between Manville were H. M. Jackson for and Dr. Vorwald an efficient interchange of informaAttending from Wayne State University Dr. Arthur Vorwald - Head Environmental Medicine Laboratory Dr. Ralph Smith - In charge of chemical and physical techniques for the laboratory Mr. Ken Mikel - Performs all petrographic and electron microscope work republicaton Attending from M were or H. M. Jackson C. L. Scheckler distrbuion F. L. Pundsack S. Speil W. C. Streib D. Bailey G. Reimschussel T. Weeks genral E. M. Fenner for Not The agenda attached was followed except for omission of the facilities tour The subject matter presented by M personnel was in general the same as that presented at the meeting with Drs Cralley Keenan and Gross on July 6 1967 CONFIDETAL see Minutes of July 13 1967 Summary: M. This meeting fulfilled its main objective of acquainting M personnel with the J. work at Wayne State University and vice versa It gave M people a much more vivid understanding of carcinomas it gave Wayne State personnel a much better understanding of the differences between different types of asbestos as well as different types of chrysotile It was agreed that W. C. Streib would send approximately 1 lb of clean crude fiber to Dr. Vorwald for use in some of his injection studies It was suggested that a program should be initiated to observe the chemical behavior of various asbestos fibers in blood serum at room temperature as well as in pleural fluids and saline solution Presentation - General Details W. C. Streib - Discussed the types of fiber and major divisions of chrysotile and reviewed physical properties He discussed differences in associated impurities of Canadian Rhodesian and Arizona fibers and reviewed the significance of harshness describing its effect on various processing parameters and uses CONFIDENTIAL Meeting with Dr. Arthur Vorwald November 1 1967 -2- November 14 1967 F. L. Pundsack - Reviewed the general formation and geological occurrence of Canadian chrysotile in the serpentine belt G. Reimschussel - Reviewed chemical and physical characteristics of chrysotile and described the structure of chrysotile and amphiboles He also elaborated on the modes of occurrence and contents of nickel iron and other trace elements Later in the afternoon he described the program on identification and determina- tion of pyrene in chrysotile and other asbestos materials T. Weeks - Reviewed his study of adsorption of various organic species on chrysotile both from the liquid and vapor phase D. Bailey - Presented and described a series of photomicrographs and electron micrographs of several forms of asbestos reviewing the differences involved He described the decomposition of chrysotile in the Spex Mill and compared the observed results with the dust obtained from brake lining decomposition studies Dr. Vorwald was the spokesman for the Wayne State personnel He gave a lucid explanation of the detection and formation of lung carcinoma and of pleural mesothelioma For most of the M attendees the color pictures which he presented enhanced considerably our understanding of the phenomena which we had not fully grasped from verbal and pictorial representations heretofore Vorwald started his discussion by pointing out that the ferruginous asbestos bodies constituted a protective attempt by the body He in some cases decomposed tissue or even corpuscles might resemble a body coating on noted that called He noted the possibility of geographical or other environmental factors having a significant effect on the frequency of carcinoma incidence e.g. the relatively low incidence in the asbestos area in Quebec He then proceeded to show a series of chest rays of a case which was diagnosed as carcinoma clearly pointing out the light spots in the film which were evi- dence of cancerous growth and showing how sometimes carcinoma could be improperly diagnosed as an abscess This was followed by a picture of the total cancer and with a series of microscopic sections taken at different magnifications and finally a section with excellent examples of ferruginous bodies both dumb bell and segmental He then showed the structure of the lungs indicating how the cancer had penetrated and further explained the diagnosis of emphysema as a fibrotic condition where the alveola walls had become extremely thin or ruptured He questioned the proof that there is necessarily a causal relationship between the presence of asbestos bodies and carcinoma CONFIDENTIAL Meeting with Dr. Arthur Vorwald November 1 1967 -3- November 14 1967 Vorwald then showed a second series of pictures describing pleural mesothelioma In the case of pleural mesothelioma the pleural cavity around the lung is more or less completely filled with a tumor whose growth may finally be fatal Usually there are few if any fibers found in this area One of the problems is to explain how fibers in the lung can cause the tumor without contact Is it possible that extremely fine fibers can find their way through the lining or that eluted material or ions can penetrate Vorwald indicated that either mesothelioma or amounts of silica with there has been no known relation between silicosis or carcinoma He wondered whether the presence of minute the asbestos might be synergistic in some unknown manner Vorwald then went into a detailed explanation and series of pictures describing his laboratory facilities for studying animals by inspiration of fiber or other dust materials He described the set up wherein for a period of years approxi- mately 14,000 cu minute had been aspirated into a large duct system over the heavily traveled road at St. Antoine Street in Detroit This air had been ducted into a series of cages in which various animals had been exposed Despite the dirtiness of the air both from particulates and fumes there had been no statisti- cally significant effect on the animals involved The laboratory now contained one generating room and three exposure rooms each approximately 10 x 13 ft The generating room was used to feed fibers as desired into individual duct systems for each of the three rooms In a current series of tests crocidolite chrysotile and amosite respectively were fed into each of the rooms In the rooms the air entered from one side wall through a diffusion panel with large holes and exited on the other side Cages were moved at frequent intervals to insure uniformity of exposure for rabbits hamsters rats and guinea pigs In addition to the exposure rooms laboratory was equipped with a variety of stainless steel exposure chambers One type of exposure chamber costing 6,000 each was used for larger animals such as monkeys Another type less expensive was rectangular with glove ports and used primarily for exposure to vapors In many cases a nose injection system was used to expose a large number of This was preferred to intratracheal injection Monkeys had been trained Dr. Vorwald described a Faraday Cage System for electronic evaluation of at various stages of the exposure using a channel recorder animals to smoke breathing The study of exposure to asbestos sponsored by the U. S. Public Health Service was furnished fiber by M through Hugh Jackson The fibers included a grade chrysotile amosite and crocidolite These fibers were prepared by Ken Mikel in a variety of ways for different studies For injection studies small quantities of fiber were mixed in a Waring Blender in a thick slurry from 1 to 15 minutes The fiber length of the chrysotile was 20 microns the other fibers were usually smaller The materials were then dried at 50C and ground by hand in an agate mortar and pestle for 15 minutes In interperitonal and interpleural injections the first experiments utilized 50 mg later reduced to 20 mg Intratracheal injections utilized 10 and then finally 5 mg In these animals fibrosis has been noted in many cases after one year intratracheal and 8 months inhalation studies No readily identifiable carcinoma has yet been identified from the chrysotile samples In the case of the rats injected with amosite there is a single carcinoma evident after one year CONFIDENTIAL Meeting with Dr. Vorwald November 1 1967 -4- November 14 1967 A rather unusual system was devised for preparing fiber for aspiration studies At first the material was fed through a hammer mill directly into air lines to the exposure rooms However for some reason unknown to us the mill lost hammers and therefore this method was discontinued It is our understanding that this method has been and is now used by Dr. Gross Mr. Mikel then set up a gal steel drum with steel brushes placed inside axially but not touching the circumference of the drum Fiber was placed in the drum and the drum was rotated breaking down the fiber This material was then fed by a small extrusion feeder into a vertical plastic pipe conveyed upward by compressed air introduced at the bottom of the pipe and over into the individual exposure rooms The compressed air came from an free unit Apparently the vertical pipe acted as a type of air separator because the coarse material dropped to the bottom of the system and was removed periodically The average of the material entering the exposure room was as follows Diameter microns Length microns Chrysotile 0.1 12 Amosite 0.3 3 Crocidolite 0.3 4 No analytical work has yet been performed on these fibers We would anticipate considerable pickup of trace metals and this is surprising since at several points during the discussion Dr. Vorwald had pointed out the possible importance of trace metallic constituents Within a short period analytical work will be started on the original fibrous material the fibrous material in the room and also on lung sections The concentration of fiber in the exposure period of 4 day and 4 and leads to questions concerning exposure rooms was 48 to 55 mg meter for an week This is a very high concentration the concentration effect vs the time effect Dr. Vorwald the lack of problem summarized his talk by a series fundamental information on many of rhetorical questions aspects of the asbestos indicating environment 1 What is the effect of sizes and of concentration of fibers 2. Do the fibers adsorb some contaminating factor from the air 3. Once the fiber enters the body how is it effected by tissue fluids or pleural fluids 4 Should we perform experimental studies of the leaching effect on fibers by pleural fluids by distilled water by saline solution or blood serum 5. Should we start tissue culture studies to determine outside of the body effects of fiber on tissue J.M.CONFIDENTIAL Meeting with Dr. Vorwald November 1 1967 -5- November 14 1967 6 What size fiber can be enclosed by a phagocyte for effective removal 7 What changes occur in the fiber over a period of time 8 What is the effect of the type of fiber involved of the mineralogical species of species 9 How does the size of the fiber really control the travel of a fiber as it enters the body 10. Finally how can we more exactly identify fibers and particles which are found in the lung and its surroundings Although Mr. Mikel had made a vast number of electron micrograph and microscopic observations on the dust and dirt obtained through the outside duct system it was obvious from our discussion that his understanding of fiber morphology left much to be desired I discussed privately with Dr. Vorwald what phase of the M information at this meeting was of most value to him and would be of most benefit to medical people involved in this type of work He indicated that the discussion of physical and chemical properties of the fiber at ambient temperatures was exceedingly interesting he was particularly impressed with the explanation of differences of amphiboles and chrysotile and between different forms of chrysotile from a variety of locations as well as from adjacent locations He felt that most medical people did not realize that these differences existed and tended to categorize asbestos minerals as a single group with even many sophisticated experimenters not realizing the physical dif- ferences between chrysotile fibers from different areas SS Attachment CC Dr. George Wright H. M. Jackson DH K. V. Lindell Asb A. C. Smith F. L. Pundsack W. C. Streib E. M. Fenner J. P. Leineweber S. Speil CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT AGENDA FOR DISCUSSION WITH November DR VORWALD 1 1967 AND ASSOCIATES 8:30 - 8:45 8:45 - 9:25 9:25 - 10:10 10:10 - 10:25 10:25 - 11:45 11:45 - 1:00 1:00 - 1:45 - Opening remarks and general statements F. L. Pundsack H. M. Jackson E. M. Fenner - General discussion of types of asbestos modes of occurrence mining and milling methods principle areas of application W. C. Streib - 40 min - Introduction to basic studies S. Speil - 5 min Chemical composition physical structure chemical and physical reactions of asbestos G. Reimschussel - 40 min - Coffee break - Discussion of Research Dr. Vorwald and associates 80 min - Tour of facilities - Asbestos Fiber Department and Microscopical Laboratory if time is available - Lunch 1:45 - 2:15 2:15 - 2:35 ~ ; - 2:35 - 5:00 - Fiber identification problems S. Speil - D. Bailey - 30 min Basic Research studies pyrene in asbestos G. Reimschussel > Adsorption of organics T. Weeks - 10 min 10 min table discussion rs 10/20/67 S. Speil HHuguh gh Here on report comments Vorwald edHugh Vorwald So comments Vorwald the -------- Research and Engineering Center June 15 1967 File 411 F. L. Pundsack Vorwald Report The following are some general comments concerning Dr. Vorwald's report on the dust samples collected in downtown Detroit 1 Obviously they were able to find many fiber particles in these dust samples However the pictures do not allow any estimate of the amount of such fibrous materials present in the dust The fibers that do appear to be chrysotile all show evidence of some type of degradation Such degradation could be caused by either mechanical action or by heat Many of the high magnification optical micrographs have been blown up to a point where the details seen could be artifacts caused by the extreme magnification The optical micrographs of the pure fibers appear as though some attempt was made to separate a fine fraction from the original sample In doing so they have isolated a large fraction of fibrous material The treated fibers 2 hrs @ 1000 have the appearance of fibers which were heated at a lower temperature It appears that any fibrous material which had a tubular appearance was considered to be chrysotile regardless of the magnification used Specific comments compiled by D. Bailey and G. Reimschussel are attached JPL mac a Attachment CC H. Jackson - DH S. Speil D. Bailey G. Reimschussel J. P. Leinaveber ATTACHMENT COMMENT-S DONALD BAILEY FIGURE TITLE MICROGRAPH MAGNIFICATION COMMENTT l Amosite 2 Amosite 3 Amosite n Amosite , , Amosite 1000 27 Chrysotile 13 Chrysotile 16 Chrysotile 1000 17 Crocidolite 24 filter Light Phase Electron 860x 1,376x 1,376x 33,290X 33,290X Light Electron 860x 55,383x 55,383x Light Electron Electron 1,655x 168,200x168,20x168,200x 111,200x Light Light 860x 3444x 30 31-32 33 37 38 39 40 filter filter filter filter filter filter filter Electron . Electron Light Light Phase Light Phase 83,100x 83,100x 18,400x 33,300x 33,300x 677X 677X 677X 1376x 2,710x 2,710x Splinters Splinters Splinters and less 15 microns and less 15 microns and less 0.4 micron diameter Splinters 20 microns and less Possible sintering Not well opened Damaged fibers Ball Milled Shows effect of heat Few fibers duct outside intake ash fibers not definitely chrysotile Cotton Concentration Looks like chrysotile Perhaps chrysotile not very well resolved ? ? ? 7 Glass fibert ? Glass Fiber FIGURE TITLE 41 42-45 filter filter 50 52 53-54 Filter Filter Filter 59 60 61-70 Filter Filter Filter 72-76 Filter 77-81 82 83 84-88 89-91 Millipore Millipore Millipore Millipore Millipore 92 Millipore MICROGRAPH MAGNIFICATION COMMENT Phase Electron Phase Electron Electron Light Phase Light Phase 1,376X 1,376X 43,300x 43,300x 168,200x 168,200x 344x 14,890x 14,890x 7,040x 7,040x 18,400x 18,400x 344x 344x 677X 1,693x 1,084x 1,084x Possibly some chrysotile Chrysotile Trace glass Animal hair Trace chrysotile Main fiber probably not chrysotile though possibly trace present Glass fiber Glass fiber Some glass fiber Electron 168,200x 168,200x 111,200x 111,200x 83,100x 83,100x Possibly damaged chrysotile Light Phase Electron Electron Phase Electron 344x 677X 83,100x 83,100x 111,200x 111,200x 1,376x 1,376x 10,555x 10,555x 43,300x 43,300x 83,100x 83,100x Possibly chrysotile Possibly damaged chrysotile Where is other material How concentrated Perhaps not chrysotile What fiber Trace chrysotile a temperature Why ash at so high Electron 300,000x 300,000x Ash temperature too high ATTACHMENT COMMENTS - GEORGE REIMSCHUSSEL Introduction Page 2 - Amosite and crocidolite fibers are labelled as though they are Manville fibers These were obtained from Manville but obviously not produced by us FIGURE TITLE MICROGRAPH MAGNIFICATION COMMENT 00 Chrysotile 12 Chrysotile 16 Chrysotile 30 33-35 44 59-60 82 92 filter filter filter Filter Millipore Millipore Light Electron 677X 18,400x Electron 111,200X 111,200X Electron Light Phase Electron Light 83,100x 83,100x 677X 43,300X 43,300X 344x Electron Electron 83,100x 83,100x 300,000x Seems very short for 3 grade fiber Has same appearance as Waring Blendor treated fiber Looks more like our chrysotile sample has which at 700 been calcined for 1 br Seems like a lot of fiber Fibers are too large for chrysotile at this magnification Does look like chrysotile Has chrysotile appearance but magnification is too low Appears more like treated chrysotile Does not look like chrysotile 19,6196 66 Dept. of Occupational Medicine School of Medicine Wayne State University 1400 Chrysler Detroit Michigan Dear Arthur This letter will cover several subjects but I would like to review many of the items which we discussed on my recent visit I have asked our Manville Plant organisation to send you 10 pounds of each of three types of asbestos fiber chrysotile amosite and crocidolite Please let me know if they are not received within a reasonable time You indicated that you plan to do a clinical study of asbestos insulation workers in the Detroit area To gain complete employee participation you might wish to contact the President of the union His name and address follows Mr. Carl W. Sickles General President International Association of Heat and Prost Insulators and Asbestos Workers 505 Machinists Bldg 1300 Connecticut Ave. N.W. Washington D.G. 20036 This company is very interested in sponsoring a research program to study the presence or absence of asbestos fibers and asbestos bodies which might be present in the dust and animal tissues which you used and obtained as the result of your air pollution experiments Could you please outline a protocol for this study which we discussed indicating particularly how soon this could be started how long it would take the scope of the progress the timeosf interin and final reports and the total cost The asboe f s asbt esto os s in urban air is receiving considerable attention these days and I feel that such a research program would receive very favorable attention if proposed to the company Another subject which we discussed was asbestos bodies in lung tissue I would be very interested in obtaining your ideas on what materials might cause the called asbestos or ferruginous bodies if inhaled or injected into the lungs In other words what material could stimulate the production of these bodies ir inje orcint jee ctd ed Dr. Arthur J. Vorwald Ju8l19y 66 Another question which arose is the presence of asbestos and asbestos bodies in tissues other than the lung Is it necessary for the host tissue to have in lung or muscle to produce asbestos bodies and fibrous tissue What would be the action of an asbestos fiber in relatively inert tissues such as the brain Do you think that asbestos fibers migrate by themselves from one tissue to another from one organ to another or from one part of the body to another If they do not migrate per se are they spread in whi thec fih lms are read by a group of radiologists I neglected to ask you what classification these men are using to identify any changes th seee in y the films I woulbde very interested in knowing this classificatiaonnd especially to know if it could be used in our asbestos workers You will recta hal t l we have been using the old Saranac classification for I have found it much easier and more simplesimple explainexplain to our time doctors than the new WHO classifi- I realize that I have raised many questions but your answers will be very gratafully appreciated You have a fund of knowledge and I would like to learn . more about these several subjects In addition I am sure that this company feels that it would like to sponsor some of the work which you have projected Sincerely Kenneth W. Smith M.D. Medical Director WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH September 2 1966 1966 Kenneth W. Smith Medical Director M. Manville Corporation Twenty East Fortieth Street New York New York 10016 Dear Ken We are going forward with our experimental studies concerning asbestos with a major focus on whether or not one or the other of the three varieties have the biologic capacity to induce primary malignancy either of the lung or of the pleura During the past several weeks we have achieved grinding the asbestos for injection purposes Concurrently we have finally achieved a method | ology which will assure a high atmospheric concentration 50 cubic foot of fibers of respirable size 85 less th"4n microns in length their width is still to be determined Our tooling program involving the modification of our four exposure rooms is on its way and nearing completion During all of the above efforts we have consumed a good portion of each of the different asbestos types which you forwarded to us Now we wish to initiate the prepara- tions of fibers which will be needed for the inhalation studies Accordingly and if at all possible at your earliest convenience we would appreciate having at least 50 pounds of each type namely amosite J.M. No. W3 fibers chrysotile J.M. No. 3T fibers and crocidolite J.M. No. S. Blue fibers This supply should last us for approximately 4 months since we will use it as sparingly as possible but in amounts necessary Kenneth W. Smith M. - page 2 - September 2 1966 to achieve the objectives of the inhalation study Ken we do not mind should you ship the amounts whereby we can pay for the shipping costs If necessary in a manner We are always grateful to you Ken and to your company for assisting us toward the resolution of relatively most urgent issues Best wishes AJV Arthur J. Vorwald Ph D. M. Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The report pertains to certain studies conducted by the Department persuant to the basic letter of July 3 1966 from Kenneth W. Smith M. D. Medical Director Johns Manville Corporation Subsequently the studies were designed and initiated in accordance with a number of personal discussions and telephonic conversations with Dr. Smith and in keeping with letters of October 14 1966 to Dr. Smith and of February 8 1967 to Mr. Hugh Jackson and personal discussions with him Briefly the studies were prompted by published reports concerning the presence of fibers and fibrous bodies in the lungs of a significant number of human subjects of the general population who have had no apparent occupational exposure to the inhalation of asbestos fibers These findings . suggest suggest that those subjects inhaled the fibers from the general atmosphere This prompted the issues as to whether or not the fibers are indeed present in the general atmosphere and if so what are their characteristic features to wit could they be asbestos fibers These issues were discussed at the First Antigua Asbestos Conference held in November of 1965 At that time the Department was urged to initiate studies utilizing not only the dust samples collected periodically from the street air adjacent to the Department but also the lungs of animals that had prolonged exposure to the inhalation of that air In view of the above it was deemed pertinent to direct our consideration in an effort to resolve those lasues Accordingly a variety of interrelated studies were initiated and completed as detailed in the Table of Contents That Table evidences involvement with at least four different forms of pure fibrous materials which for the purposes of the record may be identified as follows Amosite Asbestos Source Manville Corporation Type M. No. W 3 Fibers Shipped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic bag Date July 25 1966 Occup Med Dept. No H 173 Chrysotile Asbestos Source Manville Corporation Type M. No. 3 T Fibers Shipped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic bag Date July 25 1966 Occup Med Dept. No H 174 Crocidolite Asbestos Source Manville Corporation Type M. No. S. Blue Fibers Shipped July 11 1966 Received 10 pounds in plastic bag Date July 25 . Occup Med Dept. 1966 No 175 Fiberglass New Cambridge M 85 Filter Occup Med Dept. No H 178 The report consists essentially of a series of the graphs and data which are organized two loose f albums or volumes With suspect to the photographs they deplet , sieru sieru scopic vows conventional light scopic of various preparations phase and 1 electron dero Each photograph sess sess brief description of each sample and its magnification The magnification is presented in three different forms the actual magnification the number of microns per millimeter is stated so that measurements can be made with any metric scale a segment of line equal to an even number of microns is drawn so that measurements can be made without use of a scale With respect to the series of micrographs it will be noted that the presentations are numerous in order to depict fibers discovered in various samples Also certain fibers are presented as observed under conventional light microscopy and under phase contrast microscopy at different magnifications for elucidation of fiber structure In addition numerous fibrous structures are depicted as discovered in various samples of collected dust as indicated either from the air duct ahead of the filter the Cambridge Absolute Glass Wool filter or the membrane filter with dust collected directly from the outdoor air ambient to the sidewalk at street level adjacent to the Department The micrographs also refer to dust sample preparations that were heated to 1000 degrees centigrade either for two hours or for three hours The preparations were placed in platinum crucibles with cover orcvent possible cont tion from fallings off the fire brick lining the muffle route route Heating Heating Heating is carried out in order to rid the sample of all organic substance thus leaving a residual of only fire organic resistant material Samples of pure fiberglass see micro- graph 46 were similarly heated They congealed into a molten mass with complete loss of fibrous and filamentous structure Accordingly a microphotograph of that mass is not presented Finally the report concerns a study of specially prepared sections of lungs of animals that have had prolonged exposure to the inhalation of air drawn directly from the street adjacent to the Department The focus of that study was to detect the possible presence of intrapulmonary fibers curious bodies and asbestos bodies It may be said that this phase of the study involved a detailed microscopic review of a number of specially prepared thick sections stained and unstained and of smears from each lung The preparations were reviewed under conventional light microscopy and under phase microscopy by the undersigned and by his associate pathologist Open Se, yes COMMENTS The data submitted is subject to a variety of rpretations The seemingly most important observations which emerge are as follows A. The pure forms of fibrous minerals and substances amosite chrysotile crocidolite fiberglass have different characteristics when viewed by means of conventional light microscopy phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy In that regard and for purposes of subsequent compari- comparisons attention is specifically invited to micrographs 13 and 16 which depict the electron micrographic visualization of pure chrysotile and of heated chrysotile B. The micrographs of filter dust depict the presence of fibrous materials micrographs 24-32 which in many instances display structures not unlike chrysotile micrograph 30 The fibers persist even after heating at 1000 degrees Centigrade for 3 hours micrographs 33-45 C. The dust collected from the absolute Cambridge filter also evidences the presence of fibers micrographs 40-54 which are also resistant to heating at high temperature micrographs 55-76 Many of those om fibers bear features which are not unlike pure chrysotile for example compare micrographs 71 72 and 76 with 13 16 D. The membrane Millipore filter samples of dust micro-microrapl~-17-92 17-9}2 ollected ollected at the andewalanldewall fes I on the street adjacent the Departmental Departmental oo. 2. pers which in many instances have internid stv ccbiees unlike chrysotile Notable in that doorda doorda micrographs 82 and 92 In view of the above and within the limits of the study is seemingly impossible to deny hat the general air ambient to the Departmental site which is adjacent to a highly congested street in downtown Detroit does contain fibrous material Also the findings suggest that many of the fibers bear structural characteristics which are not unlike chrysotile asbestos Whether or not other forms of asbestos are also present would require detailed analytical study beyond the scope of this report Also the concentration of the fibrous material and indeed of specific fibers per unit volume of air would involve a more comprehensive study than contemplated for purposes of this report Such study however could be designed and undertaken if the evidence thus far presented in the report would warrant the extra effort time and expense With respect to the lungs of animals having prolonged exposure to the inhalation of the ambient air see Table I the study failed to discover the presence of fibrous material and fibrous bodies in specially prepared stained and unstained thick sections of lung and when available in stained and unstained smears of scrapings from the cut surface of the gross lung In view of the presence of fibers in the air their pulmonary absence is indeed difficult to explain f. atmospheric fiber concentration wis too 10 indico a detectable presence in the lung or the bers were too large to pass the defence achanisms of the upper respiratory passages and thus gain access to the lung or the fibers were too small to be discovered by means of conventional light microscopy The limited study did not incorporate a tedious survey of tissue and smears by means of electronmicroscopy It may be said here that the e lung sections did not evidence a histopathology indicative of diffuse fibrosis possibly induced by inhaled fibrous material having biologic activity TABLE I Amal Exposed to the Inhalation of Dirty Air Derived From Street Level Adjacent to Laboratoriyn Downton Detroit Exp No. 867 835 Mouse No. 37 61 24 45 6 18 Days Exposed 610 463 463 572 957 892 Fibers and In Sections Of Lung Fibrous Bodies In Smears Of Lung 0 U 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 833 Hamster No. 3 25 27 574 574 574 0 O 0 0 ; 0 O Rat No. 629 159 404 -- 0 179 404 0 0 209 404 0 0 221 384 0 0 223 404 0 0 160 404 0 0 180 404 0 0 210 404 0 9) 224 404 0 0 837 99 . 1012 O O : 42 1012 0 0 44 1012 O O 858 2 957 = 0 22 957 = TABLE I con't Exp No. 634 GGuinea uinea Pig No. 155 155 7 8 10 19 20 25 35 36 37 635 4 24 36 771 8 15 16 772 2 3 5 7 9 12 15 e. 19 830 1 8 15 24 27 Days Exposed 1037 1648 1648 1648 1648 1648 1648 1648 1037 1116 1163 1641 1037 1037 1248 1248 - 1248 1248 1248 1248 1248 1248 1249 1248 1249 1221 1222 1222 1222 1222 or Fibrous Bodies In Sections In Smears Of Lung Of Lung 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TABLE 1 con't Exp No. 831 Cuinea Pig No. 4 ^ 10 11 12 14 16 17 18 23 24 32 35 39 Days Exposed 1222 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 1223 Fibers and In Sections Of Lang Fibrous Bodies In Smears Of Lung 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rabbit No. 643 - 4 1713 0 0 11 1105 0 0 14 1713 ) 0 16 1713 Q 0 17 1713 Q 0 18 1065 0 0 644 3 683 0 0 4 1582 a) 0 8 1713 0 U 13 1713 0 0 15 1713 0 0 16 1713 0 0 17 1105 0 0 775 5 1043 0 0 00 1309 -- 0 16 1309 0 0 776 - 1313 C 0 - 1313 C 0 June 14 1967 al Notes Notes C. B. Burnett Urban Air Asbestos Study Dr. A. J. Vorwald Report of Dr. Vorwald's analysis of large volumes of air collected from a Detroit intersection and an analysis of animals exposed to this air consists of few comments and 92 microphotographs Because samples warding graphs Dr. Vorwald observed frequent fibers in the air which are not unlike pure chrysotile I am forthe complete report including the microphoto- to F. L. Pundsack for review and comment The fact that there were no fibers or fibrous bodies found in the lung tissue of animals exposed up to 1700 days is encouraging even though some of the borne fibers may prove to have been asbestos Copy of the this letter members report is attached to Bill Raines copy of for distribution to the Health Task Force a Attachment CC W. P. Raines attachment H. M. Jackson heh. -- Tele m m FILE COPY April 8 1970 George W. Wright M.D. Head Medical Research Saint Luke's Hospital 11311 Shaker Boulevard Cleveland Ohio 44104 Dear George You may recall that several years ago Dr. A. J. Vorwald conducted a study of collection and analysis of large volumes of air from a Detroit street intersection adjacent to Wayne University em In 1967 able from both the whether there were effect exposure to we requested that he review the data he had availair samples and the exposed animals to determine asbestos fibres in the collected air and what this air had on the experimental animals Copy of the report of this review is attached for your . reading The two volumes of microphotographs are in my files Recently in connection with our review of asbestos health research I contacted Mr. Ralph G. Smith at Wayne University to determine whether this material had been published and he advised that it had not Ralph indicated that if we were desirous of having 4 a report published he as Acting Chairman of the Department of 3 Ocitcupational and Environmental Health would be glad to undertake Following receipt of the report in 1967 reviewed at our Research Center with Dr. Pundsack others as well as Dr. Vorwald and Mr. Smith the study was Dr. Speil and A principal deficiency in the study was that there no quantification of the fibre content of the air However may still be some value in having the study in print was there If you feel the publication would be worth while I'll determine with Mr. Smith what the attendant costs might be Ralph will be leaving Wayne University at the end of June to go with the California University School of Public Health Therefore if any action is to be taken it should be done promptly Sincerely yours Enclosure H. M. Jackson Director of Industrial Relations 1 MANVILLE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING CENTER Report CONFIDENTIAL 404-19 Report No. No. Date February 8 1967 Title AIRBORNE DUST SAMPLE DETROIT - Microscopic Evaluation Requested by S. Speil Sample Sample A sample of airborne A. J. Vorwald M.D. evaluation dust collected of Wayne State above a busy street intersection in Detroit University was sent to our Dr. K. W. Smith by for Methods of Examination The sample received and after ashing at 427C was examined petrographically and by ray diffraction A portion of the received sample was separated in water into three sized fractions and electron micrographs of the medium fraction were prepared The fine fraction was found to consist essentially of soluble crystals and was set aside republicaton Another portion of the received sample was separated in water into three fractions Electron micrographs of the medium fraction and the fine fraction were preparedfractionation or including samples dried at 105C and samples ashed at 400C In this fractionation most of the water solubles were removed distrbuion Results _ gen ral Petrographic on sample as received Glass fly etc. possible major for Quartz minor Not Gypsum smallsmal Opaque minor Carbonates sm|a | || Cellulose fiber trace CONFIDETAL Heat loss on sample as received Moisture loss - 5.9 Ignition loss - 33.0 JM Petrographic on fine and medium fraction second fractionation Fine fraction dried at 105C Consists of fine agglomerates of glass spheroids mixed with opaque carbonaceous plus traces of quartz carbonates and gypsum The aggregates are about 30 microns and below and individual particles chiefly spheroidal are of the order of 5 microns and below including much below 1 micron The fine fraction from the first fractionation chiefly soluble was identi- fied as gypsum Medium fraction dried at 105C Glass Opaque Quartz Carbonates Gypsum major large minor minor smallsmal trace Notebook 3474 pp 78 79 94 File 359 259 CONFIDENTIAL MANVILLE RESEARCH Report AND ENGINEERING CENTER Page 2 404-19 The glass irregular crons and occurs masses below chiefly as spheroids about 15 microns and of the below order of 8 microns and below and some The quartz particles are about 10 mi- Electron microscopy The material examined under the electron microscope was rubbed out as outlined in Research report 1825 Briefly this consists of rubbing a small quantity of the dust in a drop of I per cent nitrocellulose in amyl acetate on a glass slide using a small watch glass as a pestle The sample is finally rubbed out between two glass slides to form a thin membrane which is then floated off on water and picked up on carbon electron grids these samples to break up coarse particles The rubbing technique and clumps and to disperse was the used with particles republicaton Electron micrographs of the medium material from the first fractionation EMS No. 511 A through C shows solid irregular particles mainly quartz and spheroids ranging from 0.4 micron on down The latter when very fine frequently form agglomerates There is also some fine scaly or micaceous material and some fine irregular particles that could be carbon or gypsum Also noted were a few short fibrils that could be or cAhprpyesnodtiixle These constitute only a fraction of a per cent of the total see Fig , gdiestnrburiaonlNot Samples prepared for electron microscopy from fine and medium fractions obtained by the second fractionation of the received material were less vigorously rubbed than the material shown in EMS No. 511. This resulted in a less even distribution of the particles but it more frequently preserved existing agglomerates of glassy spheroids and portions of the scaly or micaceous material noted above The for electron micrographs EMS Nos 520 521 522 and 525 therefore show resulting in particle size as compared with EMS 511. a greater range Aside from coarse material the second set of pictures shows much grained sintered or agglomerated glassy material occasional separate spheroids and some scaly material Ashing at 400C seemed to reduce the incidence of very fine material but otherwise had little effect on the CONFIDETAL appearance of the dust short fibril that could trace of the total As in the first set of micrographs EMS 511A an be chrysotile was noted but these constitute only a occasional small ray diffractometer diagram 3366-123-1 of the airborne sample received contains JM patterns of gypsum CaSO 4.2H2O 4.2H2O and quartz Fe203 of the ray diagrams sample submitted after ignition at 427C and the sample at 1000C contain similar patterns of anhydrite CaSO quartz iron oxide a pattern resembling a sodium feldspar and a trace of cristobalite ignited The only similarity in this airborne dust and brake lining dust is the presence Fe2O3 in ignited samples of both Forsterite a major component of the ignited lining dust is not identified in this airborne dust of brake Reported by Basic D. D. B D. Bailey Research Chemistry Research Section ae distribution on reverse ray Diffraction by J. McGourty Analytical Chemistry Section WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH October 14 1966 = Dr. K. W. Smith Medical Director John Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York Dear Doctor Smith Confirming our phone conversation I should like to describe the research effort to be carried out by our Depart- ment relating to the detection of asbestos bodies in animals not exposed to asbestos Specifically over the past five years approximately 3,000 animals have been sacrificed and tissue specimens preserved for microscopic study Approximately half of these animals have breathed outside air somewhat enriched in automotive exhaust products while the other half have never breathed air containing particulate matter It appears that it will be necessary to cut thicker sections then have already been cut and accordingly a representative number of animals tissue will be so treated These thick sections will then be scrutinized to determine whether or not asbestos bodies are present As a corrolary study particulate matter which was removed from the air by filtration will be examined to determine whether or not asbestos fibers can be identified We recognize of course certain experimental difficulties which may render it fibers impossible to be certain of the presence or absence of and will welcome any technical guidance which your laborates may offer In this connection we are sending a samploef atmospheric dust and will be interested in your findings 7 Although it is difficult to estimate the expenses it is the opinion of Dr. Vorwald and myself that approximately 7,000.00 7,000.00 7,000.00 will be required In the event that the findings are sufficiently interesting and we mutually agree that even more work is required it is our understanding that you would favorably consider additional Dr. K. W. Smith 2 October 14 1966 funds upon request In order that the work can be done more expeditiously we would suggest that funds be made payable to Asbestos Study Project Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M. Agent A checking account will be opened with this designation and will of course be subject to audit at any time We look forward to carrying out this interesting study and hope that the results are informative Perhaps when you see Arthur in Tokyo next week you may come up with other ideas which will further enhance the scope of the study Have a good trip Very truly yours R.G. Ralph G. Smith Smith Ph D. gig Professor Department of Occupational 4 and Environmental Health RGS CC Arthur J. a Vorwald Ph.D. P. J. Solon General Headquarters Deember 21 1966 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH TASK FORCE December 21 1966 TON 1. Survey of Causes of Death of Retirees and Group Life Participants This study is progressing and the analysiansd sumary will be completed by SSR 2. Dr. A. J. Vorwald - Wayne University Detroit The Wayne University Laboratory is continuing its preliminary examination of the analysis of the large volume air samples as well as the animal tissue slides A formal Research Proposal will be developed along the lines suggested by the results of th^sepreliminary studies Dr. Speil of our Research organisation is . collaborating with this group in the preliminary investigations i 3. National Insulations Namfacturers Association . The Association through its Safety and Health Committee of which Dr. Smith is Chairman has initiated discussions with Dr. Cralley of the U. 8. Public Health Service toward designing and implementing an industry environmental health study , C. L. Sheckler participated in the initial presentation of environmental sontrol injury prevention and Workmen's Compensation to the first of a series of meetings with the Insulations Contracters Association's regional groupe 4. Industrial Foundation This year study of the hislegic effects of fibrous materials is under way 5. U. S. Public Health Surve The V.3.P.M.Seviremmental V.3.P.M.Seviremmental study of the Asbestos Textile Industry is in prosess Dr. Sith by attended a meeting called by this group as which asbestes ressarch eusv@ebiy couun se t e rd y and report os in the February Status Report 6081 C. B. Burnett H. N. Jackson - K. W. Smith C. W. HI73 Material Equipment Tested Submitted Required Samples of particulate matter collected during the Air Erosion Testing of Commercial Duct Systems Glass fiber duct systems produced by Corning Fiberglas Corporation Laboratories November 1966 by C. D. Smith Product Testing Building 300 Corning Fiberglas Corporation Technical Center P.C. Box 415 Grenville Ohio Determination of quantity and nature of material eroded from ducts ee ( a {| Analysis i Sample a Test Number + ij Duration a Naas 93 of Air KEB Dust ~ Collected Mulber T Humber |; Location j ofTest_ Sampled # 561-5737 Sampled ;i Total PePrer 1 Upstream 0.027 561-5737 0-11 | 136 nr8 | 945 ; 25.7 0.027 360-5732 360-5732 360-5732 0-12 | Downstream 1 136 hrs , 905 22.6 0.025 eR Asinh Dust |, 30.7 ; 29.0 Due Losa id oa Treatmn Due to Kgs of Treatment . Glaso with HF Found : 0 re) { H | 9) i; oO Cee } _ Remarks | 7 vee eee Op wee Upstream ode 307-5739 0-16 _ oe fe tee antce ere ee ah came i 136 nrs 5 525 23.7 0.025 : 16.0 i + | 500-57401 50-741 0-17 Downstream 136 9 | 800 16.8 | 17.9 10.020 oe eee eee meee be ae ve ee een fee to. It 167-5877 | f * 167-5877 | 130 10.03170.037 { 18-5070 18-5070 _ | 27.9 0.032 18-5070 1 0-18 130 0-18 Upstream hrs : 0-15 5 i Downstream ; 136 are 945 955 35.3 i 27.9 | ' i 13.4 o i j 22.2 i] - : 0 t Jp. | _ Eo 6 T 4_ cee ee fn - 0.026 | | ae 0 167-5879 , 0-20 | Upstream 136 mrs ~fl 960 25.0 0.026 22.0 9 No Glass Fibers - i Identifiable by Microscopic | , {| Examination 67-5880 67-5880 0-21 | Downstream 100 bps 865 ae eh wd 77 a 6-6141 6-6141 0-22 0-22 i 77 Upstream ' 136 hrs | 500 , 8-6142 8-6142 0-23 i Downstream , 136 hrs 790 10.022 | 21.0 10.9ee 10.2 21.0 37.537.5 10.042 10.042 17.0 127.0 127.0 1 0.034 Q wee ee i G 0 i I pe 0 | 9G 0 ly Seman amr ansegand Be e me ae . iat,: ee : . vo . Sees wens Corning Fiber Corporation s con as , woe , 6 Tene Page 2 Tea 7 - Encoated .2 diameter diameter d seve Hed from 4:30 p.2 10/11 111 DE0 were 10/17/68 Tes gh - 127 Sleseter flexible uncoated duet ^,jstes tested fros fros ^ 730p 10/10 till 1 .. 10/29/0010/29/00 Teco 8 abo ^ 11 lined sueet setel duct * bpra coated fierala #eroflex zue bicep, PA tink 1.5 109 tested fro 4130 p.m. 10/29 111 3130 8.6 11 6 371804 371804 duet BjBlom Spraj teated 71begins 71begins feroflex Such tested from 4:36 p.n. 11/4 till 6150 8.1 11/13/20 Res gio - R23 ^ 11 bined a get Fetal Si Liner, "" boich 7. lea ted Spros eveled Picerian reflex Quet 30 p.m. 11/10 111 0120 a.A. 11/10/6611/10/66 from the Kettering Laboratory in the lepartment of Envirensentul salt College of Medicine University of Cincinnati incinnatiOnio Reported 12-7-65 2 = a Samples of particulate matter collected during the Air Erosion Testing of Commercial Duce esteno Required Glass fiber duct system poduced by Manville November 30 1906 by C. D. Smith Product Testing Laboratories Euilding 300 Corning Fiberlas Corporation Technical Center P.O. Box 415 Granville Onio Determination of quantity and nature of material eroded from ducts en i Analysis i Number oo ; | 664-6143 ' 6144 6144 ' wee neem 6144 em my rr Has Mgj aGlass es i Test umple { Number +: { 28.3 Duracion ; of Air ' Has Dust 1 Collected GT Loss m ABIL i Due to in Treatment Mga of | i Fer umberLocation| of Test | Sampled | TotaTlotal M Dust | | WitFhF Found Remarks t Pe ; ; 0-24 | Upstream 136 re 900 i ' : #3 0-23 ownstreoam wnstream 136 hrs 810 a 1 OE ne 30.3 Fer ' 30.3 er - | 26.5 10.033 10.033 : 30.6 | : , | ' 0 | i 29.0 ia | 29.0 | Ge eae 9) Rane No Glass Pibera js, Identii lable 17% by | Microscopic Examination i -. ee ee Tes 70 - 11 x 11 Micro BDuct Spates 3 PFC teated from 4:30 p.m. 11/17 6411 3:30 a.n. 11/22/65 From the Kettering Laboratory in the Department of Environmental Health College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio Reported 12-7-66 Material Semples of particulate matter collected during the Air Erosion Testing of Commercial Duct Systems Equipment Tested Submitted Glass fiber duct systems produced by Corning Fiberglas Corporation October 6 1966 by C. D. Smith Product Testing Laboratories Building 300 Corning Fiberglas Corporation Technical Center P.O. Box 415 Granville Ohio Required Determination of quantity and nature of material eroded from ducts ~ i Analysis Sample Test Number + Locatio7n1 ~ Duration of Test M3 of Air Sampled Mgs Dust Collected Total Per % Ash Mg Loss [| Treatment Due to Mgs of T in Treatment Glass Dust with HF FoundFound Sno Remarks f 39.5 # 561-5166 | 0-1 Downstream 136 hrs 880 0.045 8.9 0 _ 56A 2 1! Identifable Identifiable o byby i | 2 5169 | 0-7 Downstream 136 hrs 910 19.4 0.021 10.8 0 i 0 f| Examination * x11 Duct System uncoated fibers 3.25 PFC tested from 4:30 pm 8/31 till 8:30 am 9/6/66 ** x11 Duct System uncoated fibers 5.00 PFC tested from 4:30 pm 9/28 till 8:30 am 10/4/66 From the Kettering Laboratory in the Department of Environmental Health College of Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohlo Reported 10-18-66 WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH July 18 1966 Kenneth W. Smith M. Corporate Medical Director Manville Corporation Twenty East 40th Street New York New York 10016 Dear Ken It was good to have you with us even though for too short time Madge especially enjoyed your visit but she was greatly disappointed that your heavy schedule prevented you from staying with us overnight I endorse her sentiments in that regard Your informative letter is deeply appreciated I will write Mr. Carl W. Sickles in an effort to gain his support for a study of the asbestos insulation workers in the Detroit area Also as quickly as time permits I will work on the protocol for the study which we discussed in the interest of fibers and bodies possibly present in the dust and in the lungs of the experimental animals connected with our air pollution studies during the past several years With respect to asbestos bodies I believe that one of the greatest problems concerns the differentiation of such bodies from those that attend the inhalation and pulmonary retention of non asbestos fibers In that regard am mindful of the called graphite body ferruginous bodies and the bodies that sometimes attend degenerated elastic tissue fibers It is my belief that almost any inorganic fiber and possibly certain organic fibers after prolonged residence in the lung can become coated with Kenneth W. Smith M. -2- July 18 1966 endogenous iron and thus simulate the asbestos body If time permits I will make an effort to experimentally prove that belief Your second question and questions defy an unequivocal answer I am not sure whether or not physiologic motion of tissue is necessary for the production of an asbestos body Also whether an asbestos fiber on any part thereof has the ability to migrate either in the tissues or only through the blood stream and lymphatics are much debated issues It is my hope that our current experiments will assist us in resolving them With respect to the ray classification it was developed in the interest of our current epidemiologic study concerning a large number of workers in an automobile industry Currently the classification is being tested by each of the three radiologists selected for the study I believe a slight modification would have real application to asbestos workers More will be known about the classification however when each of the three radiologists have finished their test runs on a large number of fibers which are currently being circulated They should be finished in the very near future and then I will let you know At that time also you will receive a copy of the approved classification form am afraid Ken that most of the questions which you put to me remain unanswered Frankly much work needs to be done and for the present I only know that inhaled asbestos fibers cause asbestosis in certain individuals I have no desire to make shattering statements without a full measure of real proof With all best wishes Very truly yours AJV Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M. Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Dr. ww J. Vorvald Department of Occupational Wayne State UniveraitUniveyraity 100 Antoinette Street Detroit 2 Nichigan February 8 1967 Dictated February 7 File 259 Medicine Dear Dr. Verwald air borne We have had complated our examination of the airborne dust sample which you sent to our Dr. K. W. Smith This sample was labeled as dust collected over a busy street Intersection In Detroit The methods used to examine this sample included ray diffraction petrographie alcroscopy and electron microscopy 2 - be of a during heating may have present received received Na20-Al 03.6$1@g ray diffraction examination of the sample showed the pres- eThnece of gypsuomf Ca504-2420 quartz 10 and a trace of magnatite Fe304 presence a considerable amount of crystalline material was in- dicated by the nature of the diffraction diffraction patterns After the sample vas heated to 1000 the following crystalline phases were detected anhydrite CaSO4 quartz 3102 and cristobalite Slo hastite ( The hematite , and traces of foldepar and cristobalite reaction produitosf are temperature magnetite and quarts respectively The foldspar foldspar may the reactri eacotin on or it but not defected in the stressed stressed sample sample mPaetterroigarlasphtioc abemipnraetsienotn en the -received -received sample shaved the following following Glass ET ET ET ET ETET ET ET ET ET major ET ET ET ET ET ET ET ETET ET ET of moun mot uns ts major> niner> small> frase Dr. Ag Yorwald -2- February 8 1967 The original sample was separated into coarse medium and fine fractions by sedimentation in water More detailed petrographic examination of the medium and fine fractions revealed that the glassy component exists as agglomerates of spheroids with an overall diameter of 30 alerons and below The Individual particles in the agglomerates range from 5 microns down with a considerable frection below I micron The quartz particles are about 10 microns and below The fine fraction contained considerable water- soluble material which was identified as gypsum For electron microscopic examination the medium and fine fractions after removal of the water solubles rubbed out by conventional methods in nitrocellulose These micrographs two of which are attached showed Irregular particles mainly quartz and spherolds ranging from 0.4 microns down The latter fine particles frequently form agglomerates There is also some very fine scaly or micaceous and some fine irregular particles that could be carbon or gypsum A few short fibrils which may be chrysotil asbestos were noted but these constitute only a small fraction of I per cent of the total sample Ashing the sample at 400 seemed to reduce the Incidence Incidence of very fine material but otherwise had little effect on the appearance of the dust I hope that this information will be of some value to your research effort - Very truly yours se Ene bee F. L. Pundsack S. Speil GHOL W. C. Streib H. M. Jackson GHOL GHOL K. V. Linds AFD Asbestos J. P. Leineveber , Chief Basic Chemistry Research Section as | \. Ni ae N . | i 1 Manville P.O. Box 199 Manville N.J. Research 08835 and Engineering Center by THE FRACTION FRACTION 25,000A 25,000A MANVILLE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING CENTER APPENDIX Report No. 404-19 Page 3 republicaton or distrbuion genral for Not CONFIDETAL M. * sn 3 st2" + Tere) ne ree | ae ; R% Ao aie " tide. . : a > ee TG aera 7% Figure 1. Airborne sample Detroit electron micrograph 23,000X EMS 511B DR.A.J.VORWALD AIRBORNE DUSTFROM DETROIT MEDIUM FRACTION DETROIT - - os o * @ t ct 23,000X 23,000X 4 w 2/8/57 . . a . - 4 Research & Engineering Center Novembe9 r 1970 W. C. Streib ANIMAL EXPOSURE TESTS USING ASBESTOS The Environmental Exposure Laboratory at Wayne State University previously under the direction of Dr. Arthur Vorwald is appa- rently reactivated under the direction of Dr. Andrew L. Reeves Associate Professor Department of Occupational and Environmental Health at Wayne State School of Medicine The address is 1400 animal Chrysler Freeway Detroit Michigan 48207. They intend to con; tinue some of their exposure tests using asbestos as an environmental contaminant In their previous work Vorwald used 3T chrysotile S blue cro cidolite and N3 amosite all of which were obtained from Man ville plant in the last shipment being made in March 1967. They would like to use the same materials in their current studies Would you please send Dr. Reeves at the above address 300 lb each of the three asbestos materials noted above If any of these materials are pressure packed please willow the material ahead of time as they are unable to use pressure material in their experiments Since you probably will have to obtain these materials from sources other than Manville I would appreciate your advising me when we can anticipate shipment of each of the materials to Dr. Reeves rs CC H. M. Jackson DH WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH October 18 18 , 1966 1966 Dr. K. W. Smith Medical Director Johns Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York Dear Doctor Smith Enclosed is a sample of particulate matter removed from filters used in our air pollution study during the past several years This particular sample of dirt was removed from the air during the period January 1966. I will be most interested in learning whether or not your laboratories are able to find any asbestos fibers Sincerely RGS glg - Encl RolfSemith Ralph G. Smith Ph D. Professor Department of Occupational and Environmental Health WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH September 2 1966 1966 Kenneth W. Smith M. Medical Director Manville Corporation Twenty East Fortieth Street New York New York 10016 Dear Ken My neglect in failing to write to you has not been because of an unmindfulness on my part It has stemmed from the fact that the vacation of various staff . members has imposed a variety of added burdens Then ,. too my associate pathologist has only recently recovered from a prolonged experience with specific lobar pneumonia and now he too is away in an attempt to recapture a full measure of well being In view of all of the above I have not had the opportunity to develop a proposal for you in regard to the occurrence of bodies in the lungs of our animals that have had prolonged exposures to dirty urban air and to clean air We have done a rather superficial pilot review of certain sections Bodies were not discovered Neverthe- less we want to proceed with a more detailed study in behalf your of company Whether or not any bodies will be dis- cored remains debatable and whether or not such bodies cored live the unequivocal features which are characteristic live asbestos body also remains questionable In view of the above and on analyzing the project from the viewpoint of time and effort I believe the whole study could be accomplished for a sum in the neighborhood of 4,000.00 Please consider this so that I can finalize the arrangements and initiate the project immediately upon my return from the conferences first in Vienna and later in Tokyo Incidentally I will be chairing a Vienna session Kenneth W. Smith - page 2 - September 2 1966 which includes a number of papers on asbestos pulmonary cancer and pleural mesothelioma Perhaps you should be attending that session Next week I am off for Europe and the Far East My trip will encompass not only a number of formal lectures but will also include visits to various centers some of which are engaged with studies pertaining to inhaled asbestos cancer and mesothelioma With all best wishes " _ \ - Arthur J. Vorwald Ph D. M. Professor and Chairman . Department of -' . Occupational and Environmental Health AJV dhs . y WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH iI i2 an February 8 Study 1967 Study Study Study Study Mr. Hugh Jackson Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street Rin Rin edu New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh Urban You will recall the paramount reason for my visit with you last week was to clarify the status of certain studies which Dr. Ken Smith authorized us to conduct The authori- zation was given verbally on a number of occasions and especially after a letter of October 14 1966 which was written by Dr. Ralph Smith my deputy while I was away in Europe and Tokyo A copy of that letter is enclosed for your immediate reference Subsequently and in view of that letter Dr. Ken Smith again verbally authorized us to proceed The enclosed letter outlines the concept of the study Currently we have completed cutting a large number of thick sections which have been processed through various staining procedures and which have been studied microscopically Smears of the lung have also been made and studied in order to detect the possible presence of fibers and bodies either asbestotic or otherwise Also we have prepared a number samples of airborne particulates collected by various means from the exposure rooms and from the outdoor air at streetlevel The preparations have been processed at dif- ferent temperature levels in order to remove combustible organie material and to leave a residual of temperatureresistant particulates and fibers These samples have been subjected to conventional light microscopy phase microscopy and electron microscopy Currently enlarged photographs are being made for purposes of detailed visualization and counting In a few days all observations will be compiled for Mr. Hugh Jackson - page 2 - February 8 1967 a comprehensive report to you Incidentally the studies were undertaken in consequence of views expressed at the Asbestos Conference in Antigua last year In accordance with the enclosed letter of October 14 1966 a figure of 7,000,00 7,000,00 was given as the estimated budget Irrespective of our expanded efforts I will abide by that figure Up to the present time however we have been financially supporting the study with limited funds but I have verbally agreed to give overtime reimbursement to certain staff members for their efforts in behalf of the study I did this believing that such disbursements were proper on the basis that the total sum would be forwarded to me as fee for consultation In that regard and in view of the circumstances Hugh I defer to the decision by you and your company Above all I do wish to avoid any embarrassment to you and your company In any event we will proceed toward completion of the study as originally conceived and authorized With all best wishes a Sincerely yours poms. , * , AJVidhs AJVidhs - enclosure Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M. Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health 3/3 577-1251 77-10210 RalphJ. Amith Acting Caman. Reave in June A Aaliow bom Sept. Schol blic Health Professor California jonblechest 5-- Heggiene nana jonblechest ReportReport personat this helphetlpt morked personat project parblesties musant parblesties RGS ddeptepgtlad tie to Game70 look lok look Would Would wy? Research & Engineering Center November 10 1970 11/2131/23 S. Speil ANIMAL EXPOSURE TESTS USING ASBESTOS YOUR LETTER OF NOV 9 TO W. C. STREIB We should be able to obtain the required quantities of 3T ohrysotile S Blue crocidolite and W Amosite at the Manville plant within approximately one week Ship- ment to Dr. Reeves at the Wayne State School of Medicine will be made approximately two days after receipt of fiber P. N. Bodycomb FMB ce H. M. Jackson DH W. C. Streib pline 11/13 pline ---- ---- 12/14316 Rams - Corm dates 12/14316 cake 1/20 12/14316 1/111/11 11//12 12 ------ -- --------,---- -- ----,-- , [Moe A, November 19 1970 Dr. Andrew L. Reeves Associate Professor Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Health Wayne State University 525 Mullett Avenue Detroit Michigan 48207 State law . WayouWayou Dear Dr. Reeves As requested by Mr. H. we have shipped to you types of asbestos M. Jackson 300 pounds on November each of the 9 1970 following 12 chrysotile W amosite S crocidolite blue Each fiber was processed through a J.M. Willow to assure a fluffed open condition and repackaged If we may be of any further service please let us know Very truly yours Asbestos Development and Evaluation Vv bcc Jackson H. M. S. Speil W. C. Streib General Headquarters November 9 1970 8. Speil - R & R Center Wayne State University School of Medicine Dept of Occupational and Environmental Health Confirming our phone conversation of November 6 I would appreciate your having 300 pounds each of 3T Chrysotile Blue Crocidolite W Amosite shipped to Andrew L. Reeves Ph.D. Associate Professor Dept of Occupational and Environmental Health Wayne State University 625 Mullett Avenue Detroit Michigan 48207 The 37 Chrysotile Fiber initially shipped in 1966 was of the loose packed variety That shipped in 1967 was apparently packed and the laboratory had considerable difficulty it for dissemination It is therefore requested 4 wf hrysotile Fibe tor be shipped at this time be of type _ y advise Dr. Reeves directly when and in what Copy tos A. L. Reeves Ph.D. Wayne State University H. N. Jackson WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH October 30 1970 D D lot lot more n fire - H. M. Jackson Director of Industrial Relations Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York NY 10016 Dear Mr. Jackson The files of this Department contain correspondence between / yourself and Dr. Arthur J. Vorwald who was our chairman until 1967. I assume that it was through your courtesy that this Department has received shipments of asbestos for our experimental program on asbestosis and it is in this matter that I am taking the liberty of writing you again ' . ~ Dr. Vorwald retired from his position in this Department in November 1967 and the asbestosis research was taken over first by Dr. Ralph G. Smith and then by myself At the present time we are nearing depletion of our asbestos samples used for dissemina- tion I and wonder whether we could impose on your company once more to send us a shipment in the same way as in the past re have been using are as follows A M 3T Chrysotile ae MS Blue Crocidolite " M W Amosite Mie need about 300 pounds each of the above if possible I want to express our sincere gratitude for your help and wish to assure you that due credit will be given to your company for this J courtesy in our publications Also if you have an interest in a pre- publication copy of our findings I would be most pleased to send the same ALR Sincerely yours Ausen Reeves Andrew L. Reeves Ph D. Associate Professor WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH \f! v \\ 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 May 10 1967 1967 Mr. Hugh M. Jackson Director of Industrial Relations Manville Corporation Twenty East Forteith Street New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh Thank you kindly for the check in the amount of 7,000.00 7,000.00 7,000.00 for the support of our studies relative to fibers and fibrous material in the air ambient to the Departmental building in downtown Detroit - The report is completed and will be mailed either today or tomorrow directly to your office I had planned to send it last week but could not do so because of most saddening duties Last Friday night a member of my staff Dr. Samir Naguib and his fianc^'ewere killed instantly in an automobile accident in downtown Detroit Their little Volkswagon was hit broadside by a stolen car going 70 miles an hour through a red traffic light Samir was an Associate Professor on the staff and had respon- sibility for several major teaching and research programs Upon reviewing our report I would deeply appreciate your comments The findings may lead us to embark on additional series of detailed studies With all best wishes AJV Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M.D. Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Copy to K. Sullevan giver 73/67 WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH it : L. 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 March 31 , 1967 1967 decoris decoris . t Mr. Hugh Jackson Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh Again I must bother you The last shipment of 100 pounds of Chrysotile No. 3T Fibers arrived a few days prior to my letter of March 14 1967 The asbestos came to us in a large solid chunk which differed from the first batch that was in shredded a ad form My technician tells me that he is having a most difficult time breaking up the chunk for purposes of our additional pulverization and grinding into small fibers which . pulverization can be generated to produce an asbestos cloud Accordingly ney it would ease our problem should the next 300 pound lot be sent to us in shredded form I imagine that this will a necessitate some grinding and shredding at your factory just as was done with the first batch of Chrysotile No. 3T Fibers We would be grateful Hugh should you give instructions in that regard Weanxiously await the additional shipment of unds of each asbestos type as per my letter of March 14th With all best wishes an. MBO de + a Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M.D. Professor and Chairman . Department of Occupational and Environmental Health AJV Cor ' . s-, we aa , WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH March 14 1967 1967 Mr. Hugh Jackson Johns Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh Thank you for the shipment of asbestos which arrived some few days ago The shipment consisted of 100 pounds of each namely / Chrysotile J.M. No. CrocidoliMt. e No. Amosite M. No. 3T Fibers S. Blue W3 Fibers In furtherance of my letter of March 6th we look forward to receiving an additional 300 pounds of each asbestos identified above That receipt will enable us to prepare enough material for a year's supply a is Incidentally and pursuant to my letter of Febru- J ary 9th we are nearing the completion of our studies relative to fibrous material in the outdoor air which is ambient to our building in the center of Detroit Agaim Hugh we are most grateful as always bur assistance in behalf of our studies e. With deepest regards _ AJV dhs thating Arthur J. Vorwald Ph D. Professor and Chairman M.D. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health 2. L.N 3/21/67 GHQ GHQ March 13 1967 C. H. Grote Manville Asbestos Shipment to Dr. Arthur Vorwald / In addition to the shipment of asbestos which L. Hemerda advised us was sent to Dr. Arthur J. Vorwald on March 3 1967 would you kindly arrange to have the following amounts shipped to Dr. Vorwald at the Department of Occupational Medicine Wayne State University 625 Mullet Street Detroit Michigan 48226 300 lb. JM T Chrysotile 300 lb. JM Blue Crocidolite 300 lb. JM W Amosite I would appreciate being advised of the date of number when the shipment has been completed I reinforced packaging as the previous ones had shipment and presume each the bag Railway Express will have These amounts will provide enough material for the full year of animal experimentation included in Dr. Vorwald's study Should there be a charge for these quantities of material please advise and we will indicate the appropriate account number cal L. Honda Manville H. M. Jackson WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH February 16 1967 1967 Kay- Mr. Hugh Jackson Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh I hate to bother you with so many letters and problems since they impose an added effort in your busy day The thought occurred to me however that you may wish to put in a claim to the REA Express Company for the batches of asbestos that apparently have been lost for good They have not been found even though tracers have been put out throughout the country The lost batches consist of 50 lbs of chrysotile M No. 3T Fibers and 100 lbs of crossidolite M No. S Blue Fibers evidence indicates that they were handled by REA Express Receipt No. 428980 apparently January 9 1967 We would be deeply grateful Hugh if you would urge the new shipment as per my letter of February 8. Without the asbestos we cannot go forward With personal regards } H i Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M. Re. de Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health March 13 1967 Dr. Arthur J. Vorvald Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Health Wayne State University Detroit Michigan Dear Arthur We have been advised by our people at Manville Plant that the shipment of ~ 100 pounds each of M 3T Chrysotile M Blue Crocidolite and M 3 Anosite was sent prepaid on March 3 1967 via Railway Express No. 3490 I have asked Manville to send 300 pounds of each of the above to you in addition to the shipment of March 3. When I am advised of the date and of this shipment I will forward this information to you number With personal regards Sincerely H. M. Jackson Director of Industrial Relations F / BK rana February 6 1967 Dr. Arthur J. Vorwald Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Wayne State University Detroit Michigan Dear Arthur~- Our Manville plant advises that the asbestos fibre shipment which you recently receive wads made in pound quantities of each of the three types of fibre If this quantity of material is not sufficient for your purposes please advise and we will make sure that an additional supply is forwarded You raised questions concerning the identification of the fibre and we will be glad to supply any additional information you may desire in this regard : ~t As I indicated to you we will take prompt action on the air pollutant research proposal as soon as you forward Ee it to my attention we As indicated we will also review with considerable interest the proposal for additional research of asbestos or ferruginous bodies which you described to mebriefly Sincerely yours K. N. Jackson Direates of Industrial Relations WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE 1400 CHRYSLER FREEWAY DETROIT MICHIGAN 48207 DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH February 8 1967 1967 AIR MAIL SPECIAL DELIVERY Mr. Hugh Jackson Manville Corporation 22 East 40th Street New York New York 10016 Dear Hugh It was good being with you last week even though the news regarding Ken prompted a full measure of personal sorrow In furtherance of my telephone call and for purposes of your and my records the shipment of asbestos which was requested in my letter of September 2 1966 was misdirected by the Railway Express Apparently it was under way for a long period of time irrespective of every effort on our part to find it Only last Thursday we ultimately traced two packages namely 100 pounds of amosite in a torn burlap bag and 50 pounds of chrysotile in a cardboard box The remaining 50 pounds of chrysotile and 100 pounds of crocidolite are resting somewhere unknown to man In view of the above Hugh we would appreciate having the following shipped to Arthur J. Vorwald M. Department of Occupational Health School of Medicine Wayne State University University 625 Mullett Street Detroit Michigan 48226 100 pounds Crocidolite M. No. S Blue Fibers 100 pounds Chrysotile J.M. No. 3T Fibers 100 pounds Amosite M. No. W3 Fibers Mr. Hugh Jackson - page 2 - February 8 1967 As you may recognize Hugh the need for the asbestos has put us way behind in our program supported by the U.S.P. Anything you can do to expedite the above shipment will be appreciated Of course we are deeply grateful to you and your company With all best wishes AJV dhs Arthur J. Vorwald Ph M.D. Professor and Chairman Department of Occupational and Environmental Health CONFIDENTIL GBQ 1956196 66 Samples of Fiber This will confirm our conversation when met you in New York this morning morning I It would be greatly appreciated if you could send Dr. Vorwald three samples of asbestos fiber He would like to have 10 pounds each of chrysotile amosite and crocidelite blue to use in a pilot study research program which he is developing for our corporate interest His address is - Dr. Arthur Vorwald College of Medicine Wayne State University Detroit Michigan I would assume that you would send a group 3 or group & chrysotile similar to those samples sent to Dr. Gross in the past I understand that mosite and crocidolite fibers do not have a similar grading mumber and therefore for our record purposes I think it might be wise to try to identify these two fiber samples by lot or purchase number As discussed I anticipate that we may be asked for a few more such samples during the course of the next year I believe that it would be good company H policy to supply these to recognized investigators . However there may be some cost involved and if so this should be charged to my budget indicated that you might feel it advisable to put aside a quantity of of the of fiber for future use You felt that the cost of the fiber is negligibletypes but the time of preparing the sample packaging and sending it involved cost If you should decide gather some samples for future use in to the present request I believe that 10 pound quantities are ample suggest that if you do this the smples should be sealed in plastic bags so that the fiber will not be contaminated or absorb moisture Thanks very much for all your help