Document MJa9VZz7ELmXjgKKVewoyZG1M

DownloadSearchable PDFRandom document
ASBESTOS Ycl.i. 3 TT L L 3 7 I IT :to. 5. September, October, I960 Edicor: C.Z. Carrcil-Porczynsici Cv-, v-!r ~1i r--t -1 m 0^? -- VTi n 7 -- T7"n ^ ;L-tjL X* i_J____U-Wr TART 2. ASBZSTCS-SILIENT ....... 3. XZESTCS TEXTILES.................................... 4. asbestos jrictick materials . . . a *xr. 1" 5 a:x.`,'?v r'vCrZD PLAfcST`XC3 . * JT.iXvX O* ,,*DOL^i\. O J" v, J.... i?-- i.uOj C v'v--.JT\ O -- 1'-*. v, i.-Jj ;wID ^ i -- 'ETI 7 --*> '-t 'V'*"T'",*'`"Vrr . . f-.---- -- T - j. _*-.i 1 ^ L.iv4ls; 4-V-.ij*/J.ivsX A*. v E"- r.V'.T . .-.3BZ5TC3 ?;*?"= AND INSUIATIl^ ^AT^PJJ I^TCr^i" r xBr^S ** 'i. 'iiT. OC^vf-Ti.T \ >.-'-71 "'TU?EO3* * 1\.L J 1- "j.i L Z t/ 'OXvl'tXfcLS * rage -^ .3 113 119 120 122 125 127 129 132 ~C Copyright, Astex "publishing Co., 1960. ASARCO ALV 0007068 ASBESTOS bulletin 100 P/lHT 1. MINING- CANADA 432. CASSIAR ASBESTOS CORP. LTD. COMPANY HISTORY. Tie Mining World & Erg. Record, i960, No. 4542, p. 322. ;< Highlights. Mill capacity has recently been increased from 1000 tons daily to 1,500 tons. Ore reserves have been substantially increased. Spinning fibres provide wide profit margin, reserves of 5 million tons of cement fibre indicated in the Yukon provide flexibility. The Cassiar property consists of 42 claims, located about 86 miles by truck road from the Alaska highway. Ercm there it is an addi tional 265 miles along Alaska highway to the railhead at 7/hitehorse. Shipments are then made by rail to Skagway on tide water, a distance of loo miles and by ship to Vancouver, about 1,000 miles from Skagway. A road is currently being built to Stewart B.C., which will reduce the distance of shipments by land to 500 miles and ship ments by water to 600 miles (total reduction 900 miles). In addition to original property, Cassiar has accuired 3 other properties. These are Clinton Creek and oaley, located northv/est of Dawson and Letain, south east of Dcaso Luke in Northern B.C. On the Clinton Creek group some 5 million wens of asbesacs ere is indi cated and a new company is to be formed by December 31st 1960 to develop the claims. On the Le-tair. group occurrences of good cuality chrysotile fibre have been indicax-ed and a new company, Kutcho Creek Asbestos Co., Ltd., has been formed to develop claims. Results of works on the Caley group were disappointing and its option has been abandoned. 433. ASBESTOS CORP. INTERIM REPORT. Can. Mining Journal. Sept.I960. . Shipments of Asbestos Corp. from its mains in the Eastern Townships of Quebec during the first six months of 1960 wore higher than in the first half of 1959. Net earnings for the first half of 1960 warc ^1,541,637 against ^1,172,544 in the same period of 1959. & feil 434. MEETING OF THETF0RD MINES BRANCH. Can.Min. & Met. Bulletin. Sept. 1960. A regular meeting of the Thetfor-d Minos Branch was held on June 30th. The programme was a Symposium by Branch members on Specialized Milling Aspects. The first speaker Mr. Andre Gauthier, Mill superintendent for Lake Asbestos of Quebec Ltd., presented a paper on "Blending of Ores at Lake Asbestos of Quebec Ltd." He was followed by Mr. George Riley. Fibre Development and Control Supervisor for Johnson's Co., Ltd., who spoke on "The Asbestos Fibre Strength Unit". A ASARCO ALV 0007069 161 ASBESTOS BUILT 435. THE UNITED ASBESTOS GOHP. Can. fining & Met. Bulletin. September 1960. The above company nearly doubled its production and nearly treeled its shipments cf asbestos fibres during the first 6 months of 106C. T.:e mill treated 823,841 tons of ere vU. M: recovery of 5-15$ asbestos living a total production of 42,541 tons of fibre, and the operating deficit was reduced to 55306,167. '50. HE".' FCUNDLAND. Mining Journal. October 2Sth I960. JMm s-Manvilie Core., in joining Patino of Canada, Amet. Corn., end Pmanciere Beige de l'Asbest-Cement 3.A., European consumers cf asbestos fibre, to develop an asbestos orebody in Newfoundland at a combined cost cf 18, CCC, COO. Under the terms of agreement Je:~.-;>M.*:rrille v:ill put up 49.62$ of the .money to bring the mine to v.rtien and will purchase 1C,Off tens cf fibres from Advocate MM... ? :;ieh is holding mineral rights) at the marnet price, mei. and Jinancierc Beige will put up 16.54$ and will each buy 7,5 C-C tons and Tati no will put up 17.3$. 437. AN ASBESTOS ASFHALT EETERIME67T IN THETE6RD. Can. Mining A Met. Bulletin. September I960. Engineers of Asbestos Core. Ltd., tome-1her with a local firm cf asphalt contractors are laying a IOC yard test strip of asphalt paving spiked -with 2$ of short length asbestos. Similar tests carried out in Canada and in the United States by Johns-Manville Co., shew that the addition of asbestos fibre to an asphalt min helps make road surface tougher ar.d more resistant, reduces upkeep costs, and protects against springtime frost heaves, major cause ofppothoies 433. UNDERCUTTING AT THE KING MI Iff C? ASBESTOS CINTORATION LTD. Harris, c.G. it Sluvter, R. Can. Mining Met. Bull. I960, No. 57S, pp. 392-396. The authors describe the block caving operations at King mine for the last 26 years, with emphasis on the newer methods. 439. U'. c-. U.S. BUREAU OF MINES ASBESTOS RESEARCH PROGRAM. Supplement to Mineral Market Report HMS 3079, (July 25, I960). Efforts to produce a synthetic asbestos will be continued. i * ASARCO ALV 0007070 *P1 ^SBSSTCS BULLETIN 1C 2 :tos ingr- ** fcA t:i v 440 < JEFFERSON LAKE SULPHUR CC-. Chem. Week. 1960, 87, No. 12. p.4J jiio above comoany is arranging the financing for construction of a plant to process 2,50C tons/day of chrysotilo asbestos ore at Copperopolis, Calif. Engineering studies have been carried out by Tellspsen Petro-Chem Constructors (Houston). Completion date: by fall of '61. The deposit is said to contain 15 million tens of proved chrysotile ore*. Total output is expected tc bo marketed in California. 441. ASBESTOS CHE BODY MINERALS STUDIED BY ZITA POTENTIAL MEASURE MENTS. Marti no a, Edward & Tucker, Gordon L. _-hys. 3her I960, 64, pp. 924-S26. The zeta potentials of the streaming potential surface properties. Thi Refining Cc. hrysotile and lizardite mo eked in an attvSir.pt to study v'as supported by vers measured using characterise t heir American Smelting & 1 O O I"v 442. EXPORT C? ASBESTOS iRCk September I960. U.S.S.R. Mineral Trade Hote 1955 - 67.1. metric tens 1956 - 69.5 #t 1957 - 103.4 ft t 1958 - 117.5 ft tt 1959 - 128.6 t It In 1959 43.4 metric tons wore exported 85.0 metric cons to the Free world. to Communist nations, and 443 GENESIS 0? AMFHIBCLE-ASBESTOS IN PRECAMEBIAN BERRUGINCUS AND SILICEOUS FORMATIONS. PERSPECTIVES FOR THE PRESENCE OF XMPHIBCLE ASBESTOS DEPOSITS IN KRIVOI ROG. Doklady AJsad. Haul: U.S.S.R. 1960, 151, pp. 161-3. The chemical character of the deposits is similar to crocidolite asbestos found in South Africa. It is expected that in Krivoi Reg a secondary sedimentary amphibole asbestos deposit of economically important dimensions will be detected. ? ASARCO ALV 0007071 ASARCO ALV 0007072 ASARCO ALV 0007073 105 A ASBESTOS BULLETIN 454. PROBLEMS OP R3ATHER-RZ3ISTANT COATINGS Op ASBESTOS-CEMENT 7/ITH EMULSION COLOURS. H. Dittrich. Chon. Rundschau, 1960, 13, No. 5, Pp * l<xo--124. Many experiments have shown that asbestos-cement is incompatible v;ith emulsion colours. Coatings made of such a combination are, or bsccme, soon defective. 455 PRODUCTION 0? ASHISTOS-CEMENT IN ITALY; Zsment-Kalk-Gias. 1950, 13 (49), No. 9, p. 447. The output of asbestos-cement products in Italy is steadily increasing. The 1958 production has reached 450,000 tons. Export of asbestoscement articles is also increasing:. a=00 i "THAT IS THE pH Ox , wastes Engineering .960, . Lander. aeasov & attison Co. To. 9, p. This survey was conducted solely to determine whether dome Stic sewage throughout the United States is acid. Alkaline sewage is the rule rather than the exception, based on studies of field conditions, Certain industrial wastes are highly harmful to pipes having a Portland coment or metallic content. Liquids such as metal pickling liquors or sulfite paper mill wastes for example, are extremely corrosive to even the most densely made concrete. ASBESTOS-CEMENT PCR PANEL CONSTRUCTIONS AND ITS DEPCHMATI7E PROPERTIES. L.N. pitskel and G.7. Aleksandrova. Stroit. Materialy. 1960, No. 9, pp . 7-10. The factory "'Krasnyi stroitel" started the production of large asbestos-cement roofing panels, and the dependence of the product properties cn-the production conditions has been studied. In parti cular, the influence-of pressures applied and drying conditions on the density, impact and bending strength and moisture content of the panels has been investigated. It has been found that the linear deformation of large panels is comparatively less than that of small panels. 458. HEAT-RESISTANT ASBESTOS CEMENT. K.D. Nekrascr and V.I. Prcsnov. Trudy N.-T M-ta Setona i Zhelezobetcna Akad. Str-va i Arkhit. SSSR, 1959, No. 7, pp. 6-29; Ref."Zhur. Geolcgiya, 1960, No. 9, p. 17851. 459. PRODUCTION OF PANELS FROM ASESSTOS CEMENT. U Yao-khuci. Yejin jiansohe. I960, Nc. 3, pp. 28-29 (in Chinese); Ref* Zhur. Khim. I960, No. 16, pp. 66, 307. ASARCO ALV 0007074 I ^gggSTOS BULLETIN 106 460* USING ASE?:ST0S CEMENT IN PACING SLICK BLOCKS. Eel'skii, A., Linavich, IA, & Eulm, V. Monthly Index of Russian Aacessions .13, No. 5, p. 1553. (Aug. 1S6C). S'oor. nauch. trud, Eel. politcnn. inst. (white Russian Rolytech. Inst. Coll. ci. Papers). No. 81, pp. 147-149. (1959). 461* German P. 1,0.31,201. CCLCURINC- ASBESTCS-fiRnEKT SHEETS. R. Riffko <Sc 7,r. strohbehn. Smooth, surface coatings are obtained by pressing a plastic material into unset asbestos-cement sheet followed by pressing in colouring lays 462. Gernan P...1, C75, 036 . TREATMENT OF ASBESTOS CEMENT PRODUCTS. FEE Lckcnotivbau-EIektrotechnisehe Werke "Hans Eeinler". Shaped asbestos cement articles are dirosd in the first step in a solution of pure silicic acid esters (technical grade), and then in another solution containing, besides silicic acid esters, also alcohol and hydrochloric acid. Ir. tills ray, a direct attack of hydrochloric acid or. cement particles is prevented. ARS O-iTw.ori "> 1 1 pa 7 Kp? : .''trT'^T' -- p-- --~ m-TAmxr-; rvl? .I3EE5T03 CEMENT TIRES. ..sbestes Cement Engineering Co., Vaduz, Liechtenstein. A machine for the production of asbestos-cement pipes comprising rollers rhich form the pipes, a calender compressing the pipe v;alls, and means for conveying the pipes, all in a vertical arrangement. 464. German F. 1,CS7,S5C. FITTING FOR ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE. Industricle Cnderneming Uavim N.V. (Ev/olle, Neth.) The construction mf a pipe side-arm is '.escribed in detail. 455. [ German ?. 1,090,563. PRODUCTION OF SHAPED ASBESTOS CEMENT ABTICLE3. Eternit A.-G. [k pipe side-arm is formed and hardened separately and' then is con nected with the main pipe by cementing together contacting surfaces. ^66. French ?. 1,184,339. ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE. fEstablissement. pour Matoriaux de Construction. Pressure device for machines making asbestos cement pipo. ASARCO ALV 0007075 !T~ 1C7 . 467. c ASBESTOS BULLETIN & a- JR nan. ?. 2,985,157. PRODUCTION OF REINFORCED ASBESTOS CE3SENS PIPES BY CENTRIFUGAL LGTHCD. Kiut;i Sikai.suc. Asbestos fibres (1 part by '."eight) arc mixed with cement (4-5 parts by weight) and water. Reinforcing iron core is placed in a cylindri cal form. Tbs form is then rotated and filled with asbestos paste which thus forms the external layer of the pips. Then the rotation is stopped and, before the asbestos cement hardens, concrete is poured in, to form the internal layer of the pipe. Asbestos fibres and. cement penetrate into the pores of the concrete and in between the gravel. Upon hardening, the pipe is treated with steam and re moved from the form. 468. Japan ?. 3980*57. PTCDUCTICN C.v PIPES FRCm ASBESTOS Sincdruka Idaho to and ianr-.be- Lie si. 5 A mixture consisting of asbestos fibres, (1 part), cement (5-S parts) and water (5-10 parts) is supplied ini: a h 11c-w cylindrical form i made cf -elastic polyvinyl r-sin (ww., di o.i> J.4-S mm, length 4o0 cm, 5 wail tile-mess C.2-0.5 mm). Thus, on "me i rm, an asbestos cement pipe is formed (i-r.gtn 4C-3 cm, v;all thiaimo s 13 mm), and the whole assembly is placed in another, owe.rr.al i"re Then, waror in intro- duced under pressure inside the plassic for . which is thus extended te a ICC mm. diameter. Upon too r-.mevai of the water, the plastic form separates from the ascostos pipe form, and the latter is removed 1 from the external form. ! * 1 469. U.S.P. 2,778,283. ASBESTOS-OEUENT NCNEFELUOBFSCENT, DECORATIVE YATZRPROOF COATING. P.S. Bettoli and others. .bn aqueous dispersion comprising 55% ethyl acrylate, oSw methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid is sprayed on fresh partially dried asbestos-cement which has been oven heated to a surface tempera-- turc cf 140 to 150F. About-2 to 3'g. of resins solids are applied per sa. ft. of surface. Residual heat in the sheet dried the dis persion to a clear tack-free nbnblc-cking film. The coated product may be stacked and residual heat completes the curing. 470. B.F. 847,210. COUPLINGS FOR PIPES. Zociete Anonyme Eternit, Belgium. The coupling for pipes comprises a sleeve with two grooves. Each i':. groove having a side wall inclined to the axis of the sleeve so that the mouth of the groove is wider than the bottom. Rings of ..e,, resilient material are lodged in the grooves. 471. U.S.P. 2,937,701. AS3EST05-CEMENT PIPE MAXING MACHINE. _ L Toniolo ana G. Garbin. . `":- ASARCO ALV 0007076 w tratsslatioit, Stroit. Mat. 1960. 108 472 StllvUFACTUHE AND USE 0? ASSIST0S-CFMEjSIT IIP~S EOR GAS-T^Ij^^ ------------------ ----------- . in U.S.S.R. ' LI.3." CHEOHENIN, Candidate of Tech. Science. mho Seven Year Flan calls for the increase in production of gas and oil by the end of 1965, to 150 milliards m3 and 230-240 million ; tens, respectively. m connection with tin a target, about oo,CQ0 km. of main ripe lines and also a great number ''f wipe networks for the pip.nfc installations will be required. Far; e: this new requirement will be covered by the use of asbestos-o;:.-.-.:!-... circs. Already this year about 1,600 Am (nominal dia.200mm) of them will b-: used but. in 1965 at the end of tne Seven 3%nr Plan - 15,000 An, or 37.5$ of the total requirements' will be mot by employment of asbestoScement pipes. In connection with U ii-. A) j rtr.r.2o tc -?.scort?.in the basic characteristic of .aseestos-eomrr.t pipes ic: :..s in... suo:i zs: uA3 a` eg r, f' pas impermeability, required v;all density. also to deter*pmine the te chrc leg leal factors directly influencing their properties. The first industrial gas main using asbestos-cement pipes cf 3CCmm dia. was built in the year 1943, on the Buguruslan - Kuibishorn t scorer, being 20 km long. 7/hen rested after being in operation for two years it has been found that at a pressure of 5 atm., the less through the walls and through not tight enough joints of "SimpI;x" type, was about 2$ of the total amount of the gas pumped through. In the years 1943-1944 a second similar 8 km long gas main was employed to convey oil gas, in Uzbekistan. In this case pipes wore joined using asbestos-cement couplings type "Simplex", arJ partly iron |ccupiir.g type "Gibault". lifter ten years, samples were dug out and:* ^investigated. It has been proved, that rho moisture absorption of the walls was 13$, and the specific weight increased to 1.83 gr/cm3, as against 1.6 gr/cm3 for pipes produced by cur factories. There vere no breakdowns of the gasmain and at present it operates at a rcssure of 2 atm. There are many gas mains in Europe whore asbestos-cement pipes |aro employed quite successfully. In Italy, for instance, such Asbcstos-eomcnt gas mains have been in operation for a long time. `In the gas network of Budapest there are 63 km of asbestos-cemont ipcs, working at a pressure of 0.35 atm. In Prague there arc also bout 40 km of asbestos-cement pipes used for this purpose. In the atter case, Gibaux couplings are employed. The above examples indicate that the employment of lew pressure shestos-cement pipes for gas mains is a sound preposition. ASARCO ALV 0007077 109 ASBESTOS BULLETIN particularly tempting are the prospects of employing asbestoscement pipes, for collection and transfer of the ''fat" oil_ccrrosive gases, which are burnt up on oil fields without profit. ror example, in the Bashkir Republic, where the gas is extracted together with the oil, and contains hydrogen sulphide, steel pipes previously employed there, due to corrosion of the inner surfaces by the sulphur compound, ha- to be replaced after 1-3 years of service. In contrast, asbestoscement water pipes used for the supply of corrosive waters proved to be quite resistant to', the action of hydrogen sulphide. In order to determine the resistance of asbestos-cement pipes to corrosion the Nil Asbestos-cement Institute carried cut a number of experiments. Samples of pipes 100mm in diameter wore Joined in consecutive order on a special mounting. They wore coated iside with bo nac re si stant enamels or impregnated with paraffin by-products from cil distillation. Samples submerged in water wore also to seed sulphide mixed with vaporised to urine and water ..'-as passed through these pipes for a prolonged period of uino. After five months their gas permeability was tested under 12 atm. pressure. (See Jig. 1.) -In other experiments conducted under corrosive conditions, asbestos tiles veere tested. Some of these were kept in a dessicatcr ever water, others in benzine, ana some wore submerged in a mixture cf benzine and water to imitate condensation product cf gases. A mixture .,-f hydrogen sulphide and benzine vapour was pumped through the dcssicator daily. The flexurel strength cf the tiles thus exposed for ten months increased by about 20$. The breaking area turned a blue-clack, but there were no signs cf .destruction or delaminating of the asbestoscement from the action cf the hydrogen sulphide, either on the tiles, or on the pipes. It is interesting to note, that steel tiles under similar condi tions were destroyed as a result cf e:r:oosion. The results thus obtained proved that asbestos-cement pipes do net require any protection against corrosion, when used in gas mains, and last considerably longer than steel pipes. A gas main of such (asbestoscement) pipes has been in operation in'Uzbekistan for over 15 years, and . there are no signs of corrosion as yet, nor is there any decrease in the pipe efficiency. For a wide application of asbestos-cement pipes for gas mains including the ones operating at increased pressures, and long distances, it is necessary to eliminate the short-comings cf coupling Joints, and to decrease gas permeability of the pipe walls. ! As proved by numerous experiments, the gas permeability of asbestoscement pipes depends largely on the humidity of the walls. Fig 1 shows test results on the "Krasny StroitelTM factorvTs ordinary nines. ASARCO ALV 0007078 ASBESTOS BULLETIN "C The experiments were carried out on a special stand, where. a certain length of each pipe was imerneably encased, and the filtered nitrogen-gas collected; its amount, related to a unit of the surface of the pipe and a unit of tine, indicated the perneability of the -/alls in terns of I/n2/hour. Losses were measured at pressures of 4, C, and 12 air.., and the pipes were tested, first in dry air conditions (humidity of -rails 6-10$), and then after heating at 110................. In the latter case, the perneability proved to be about 10 tir.es higher. Results of other experiments (Fig.2) indicate that after exposure for a prolonged period in saturated air, the v;alls of the pipes at low-er pressures are becoming practically innerneable, owing to the hygroscopic moisture. However, the pipes with prior saturated rails arc impermeable for gas, even at a pressure of 12 urn. Under operational conditions - fee stos-c ament pipe linos 1 . -I _ _rl-i - 4* 4 D - > ~ "I ir o t n ,a n 4* ."i nv -t-j -i-V. ij OO vi. b jr Ul.w U* Iv U*.u ^e in this case the ae-troc tac.r gas impermeability to a certain extent governed, by the sersity ci she rails. The tests carried cut . u asv ii' best conditions fer ccsrat- i."". asbestos-cement gas mains ben thoy are laid in noistur; sre mid and the transported gas i.* u:i:ri 2d. *ri *Ut*Vl- -_v ~ ^ r ^ uJ-.p.o-.r iv~ r.r~ ^v - n-l w _ ion of pipes, ail efforts me5 c 1 made to secure adequately dense mails ar.i free fren big pores. Fable 1 shows the UJ b V -Ob .1.. . .... -------J J. cene_' ;ns ala. pipes. It nay be- observe-d Phot the gas perneability of s-:r;i.:s tested decreased with increased density, but the influence of the Inter is less pronounced when the density of 1.6 gr/cn3 was reached. Y,"ith regard to the various thicknesses and manufacturing factirs of asbestos-cement gas pipes, it would be advisable to lay down the foilewing minimum standards fir densities of the walls: fcr_small dia. pipes i.SO gr/cn3; medium - 1.75 gr/cn3; large - 1.70 gr/cn3. Quoted minimum values are about 10 - lo/-- higher than these employed fer tne manufacture of water main pipes. Table 1, Group of the pipes Density prater gr/cm3 absorption * Gas permeability 4 atm. 1/m2/hour 8 atm. at 12 atm. 1 O rz A 5 & 1.62 1.67 1.72 1.77 1.S3 23.4 21.8 20.7 19.5 17.3 389 267 170 108 100 830 615 462 253 238 1315 1015 770 396 393 ASARCO ALV 0007079 jj-.i AS5TST0S BDIL3TIH ';vith existing ea ui prsent an i rmrcase in pipe density can ec c'.'c.-d principally by- pi-jportijni'.l increase in the hydraulic prooeui>e cii the compressing rollers oi1 pipe making machines and also by using bettor duality asbestos fibre (bum j.rvering thoir content in tk: stuff), Ce.roful opening of asbestos., ur.lf-:: uicj "f the stuff, good filtering o_. the machine1 s felt and god :ndii:.crs for eomplo-te hydration cf the cone net in hardening pools, ore fur i her factors contributing to the pro duction. of high density pipes v;iAi a uniform and poro-froe structure. Jig. 3. shows results which --e : obtained after twofold testing cf a number cf 100 mm. dia. pipes .f 11 am. wall thickness, which -..'ere produced by I'll Asbostecnon? . -.m l automatic machine under -various enures cf the ccmprossin.m rr.Li . has impermeability and density of "the33 pipes increased with who i woo..se of compressing roll's pressure. .,.t repeated testing pcr:mm''-": : --.y cf pipes increased as ?. result cf or .r of the walls, while be-in-' '--it in air. Jer pipes of such dia. r..:.'. effect continues for :.muf !, nths exposure. After that the gas pom no ability stabilizes and over, somewhat decreases owing to the carbcrh; at-on of the walls by the c.arboo- of oxide from air. large diameter pipes having e:: ; ?hor -.vails are less liabl' ro dry Log : This explains thoir consj -'or: oly higher gas impermeability. in 1 ~. . 2 2 are shewn the values of gas permeability for ICO mm. dlo.oo .on r,,..os, rondo with different thi ckneoses o-f walls. rs Thickness cf pipe walls in mm. - 0 12. C 12.3 12.5 13.2 13.5 14.7 15.0 17.6 1S.1 10.7 20.6 24,7 2V , 73 Gas no rmoabf 7b ty ,-f aloes 1/m2/hour Air dry at Subjected to drying (110) at 4 atm . 8 atm. 12 atm. 4 atm. 8 atm. 12 atm. 400 300 392 207 270 246 207 180 142 159 193 150 112 104 754 1164 _ 610 1063 - 740 1210 665 430 700 459 532 8S5 740 442 7PS - 416 7C2 . 476 370 600 605 296 493 532 350 532 700 370 605 738 300 49-5 566 207 370 635 180 350 635 - 1210 888 1330 - 878 1210 1020 1330 1480 1210 1210 1210 _ - 1940 1400 1940 - 1480 1680 1480 2080 2280 1940 1800 1940 - . _____ -- -- - ASARCO ALV 0007080 ASBBSTCS BULLETIN 112 b'hile increasing the thickness of the -vails from 10 to 25 mm., gas permeability of air dry pipes decreased 3-3.5 times, and parti cularly sharp decrease was observed at interval from 10 to IS mm., and increased gas pressure, although after an artificial drying all pipes had approximately equally high gas permeability. Tests mere also carried out in order to assess the gas permeability of asbestos-cement pipes subjected to maturing period. In table 3 figures are quoted for 100 mm. diameter pipes irr.de with cement from Vcskresonsk factory and matured under water at SC 'or 3.7 -and 14 days. Q-as permeability was determine attained approx. the scree degree or humidity. The tensile strength L'_ v. ores iv3 exocsum 11.0 The exooriments confirm the necessity of maturing mas main pine: submerged in water (5-7 days doccnnrng on one pax perries --Q wmluUY' '- \} Steaming of pipes did not give positive results. The results of above expcrimenral work allow . -- J.T. \JilC conclusion that asbestos-cement pipes with increased density (not less than 1.7 - 1.0 gr/cm5 depending on the diameter) can be used, without any additional treatment for laying gas mains in damp grounds cr for transporting of humid oil gas up to a pressure cf 5 atm. in oil fields. Before putting the gas mains in operation it is advisable to soak them by filling for a short period, with water, which is the practice in Hungary, or let through them saturated steam. The pipes to be laid in dry ground have to be treated in order to increase their pas impermeability. One such treatment is based on the impregnation of pipes v/jih para ffin - residues from the distillation of crude oil. This method, which vr?.: suggested by Ufin Scientific Research Institute (UFHII) is success fully applied, by Ishimbaevsk oil fields in Bashkir ASSR where some gas mains were laid down using asbestos-cement pipes of water main type. ASARCO ALV 0007081 113 ASBESTOS BULLETIN For impregnation the following procedure is recommended: pipes are warmed in special containers to a temperature of 40 by hot air; imnregnated for 6 hours in a bath with paraffin residues and warmed up to'temperature of 80. This is followed by stacking of pipes on a grating for cooling and drainage of surplus paraffin. Nil Asbestoscement is also experimenting with coating of the pipe's inner surfaces with the film forming enamels, introducing of impermeable substances between the top asbestos-cement layers, etc. . Operational efficiency of -a testes -cement gas mains depends to sote extent on the type of couplings nyioyod. Analysis of numerous types <y couplings showed that at present the most reliable is "GTBA'JLT" coupling,: FT- . Relying on the works cf institute Nil Asbestcemont, TNI I gas, VETIS: and "JENII and also on results obtained at tasting experimental lots of pipes made by "Krasny stroitel*' go-cup, a large gas main of asbestoscement pipes, manufactured by Sahciesh : asbestos-cement factory, is in process of construction. Phase pipes have 456 mm. alamoter and the density 1.70 gr/cn3. "C-ibault" couplings arc sealed by rings based on syr. rubbers "Noirit:' and SKIT - 25. Pneumatic tests indicate tha dree of the gasmains air pressure' About 15 km of such gas-main were hours up to 500,000 m3 of cil gas on oilfields. an operational pressure cf 5.5 ate. nts to nor mere than 0.3 atm. into operation last year. In 24 pumped", which before was burned During the current seven-year plan, rsbostcs-c :ent pipes must become a full-value substitute for the steel ones. Both the experimental and the initial operational results indicate that asbestos-cement gas mains will find wide application in the growing oi'i-cas industry cf our country. ASARCO ALV 0007082 ASARCO ALV 0007083 3 P-M 115 ASARCO ALV 0007084 FTTT T.'PT'Pvr 116 ASARCO ALV 0007085 117 2ST0S BULLETIN 482. SELF-LUBRICATING BEARINGS. P. Long. Eng. Mat. & Design, 1960, 3, No. 10, pp. 626-632 Mintex flucrc- carbon surfaced bearings based of Teflon fibres are described. A sbestos-reinforccd phenolic laminates and their use in rolling .mills and for rudder and stern tube bearings aro also discussed. Mints x M6E (British Belting & Asbestos Ltd.) is mentioned as an example of a water-lubricated bearing material cf felted asbestos reinforced ere sylic resin which is easily machined, readily wetted, capable of acc ommedating high local loading, and which may be used as a direct repla cement for lignum-vitas. Other Mintex materials are impregnated wi th oil or graphite either singly or in combination and are self-lubri eating. 483. HARD ON TI-IE BRAHES p. 1065 dentist, 1960, 8, No. 205, The trials were arranged by the research division of Eercdo Ltd., to investigate the conditions in which coach brakes may have to work when the vehicle, with full complement cf passengers, is travelling across mountainous areas. It has been found during one long descent lasting 1 hour -that drum temperature remained at 575C. for practically the "hole time. On this test the engine was in third gear and Che energy was'dissipated in ocual parts by engine and brakes. On a repeat test with the engine in the second gear the proportion of the energy dissi pated by the brakes was only 30$ and the drum temperature did net 48^ RAILK0 DRY BEARINGS. Automobile Engineer 1960, 50, No. 10,p.410 Railko Co., in collaboration with Small & Parkes Ltd., have developed a base material for bearings containing Tsflon fibres in the fabric forming top laminate. Asbestos was chosen as the most suitable yarn for the purpose of its resistance to heat and excellent wearing properties in unlubricated application. Using phenolic resins for the impregnation no difficulty is experienced In obtaining a completely reliable bond to backing. Frictional tests were carried out on yarns containing various propor tions of PTFE fibres. It has been found from the price/performance point cf view that the yarn containing 20$ cf PTFE fibres gives most satisfactory resits. 485. MACHINING BRAKE DISCS. Automobile Engineer. 1960, 50, No. 10, p. 428. Muller fully automatic production line for machining brake discs is described. ASARCO ALV 0007086 ASARCO ALV 0007087 fM '*5 ASBESTOS 3ULL3riJr 4'}2. Herman P. 1.087,803. BRAKE 0?. OPS?. FRICTION LININGS. 7"e-.uinghouse Sir Brake Co. 5-..: ti 07; Iming, based o?: uCr-csics, :...turnings and phenoirurumaldehyc'.e rosin binder, comprises - 0c..- ncn-vulcanizod naturalrubber or synthetic butadljxia-acrylic nitrile rubber, 6-15$ phenolformaldehyde resin, 12-20$ asbestos fibres, and 60-70$ cast iron turnings. pard o. bdtitecrced ft "03. ASBESTOS: GENERAL. INNING, PROCESSING. CONNNNICABION 22. Gummi und Asbest, 1S00, 13, No. 10, 630, 63 2 , 635 , 633, 640, 42. rli use of elastomers as binders for asbestos materials is diacusso: . Ixi.ul. .Data of mechanical strength of asbestos papers produced the use of elastomer emulsions are tabulated (polychleropren ..-.nl 'inyliieno flucride-hexafluoroprcpylene, "Niton", have been use; - Due products aro used mainly for caching purposes ana as x'riction materials. "Niton" -and "Hypalon" - asbestos products are describe: in detail (I'Hypalon" is Du Pent's chlorosulphcnated polyethylene). 'Plypalon''-asbestos is used for cachings, cylinder heads, pump casim columns etc. Also the use of phenol resins, aminoplasts, siliconrosins and rubber, as binder for asbestos is described in detail. Properties of British, P.ueeian and Cs-een asbestos-phenol rosin land: aces are compared, and so are the chataoteristics of various asbest: silicon resin laminates. 1 list of patents relating to the use of different binders for asbei products is given. 454. IKT.7 SILICONS RESIN FOR ASBESTOS BOARDS, PAPERS c COATING.'.. s ABB is a r.cw Packer Sc Chomio G.m.b.H. silicone-base binding agent developed for use in the production of asbestos boards,papers, press it as a:r* coating with high mater repeilonce and mechanical, thermal end electrical .resistance. Ifc is claimed that thermal and water resistance of the silicone- treated asbestos remains practically unmodified after heating at 23 fox' 24 hours, or immersing in the TJater for the same period. ASBESTOS NITRILE GASKET. Missile Design & Development. I960} 6, Ho. S, p. 61. Veilumoid Co., Cambridge 40. Mass, gasket material has high resists to oil and fuels and cen be used up to 350F.; long fibre asbesto? dispersed, thrcu&out nitrile base. ._ ................................................^ ASARCO ALV 0007088 K asbestos bulletin. 120 ^s- J ~ at^ mol'. ;t ip toa 3-?. 833,300. RE0 AT-III??;ECNAIAD ASBESTOS SHEET LM.IINAT: Midland Silicones L.-d. Lanaainata suitable for th-i: manufacture of :;:r ducts, instrumental panel which. ccpoiymc-ric resin, precuring the impregnated felt to an extent that it is tacx-free at room tenoeraturo, but thermoplastic at 150"- 200C, is subjecting assembled plies to heat and pressure, and after curing the laminate at'.gradually increasing temperatures. 2.' 840, ussed iced en' use: 1 .'ibei isini >n.-- aaii est: sbei 497. B.P. 842, 760. ITTSATURATED ALZYD MOULDING- COMPOS IT I CHS. Allied Chemical Corp. i*j-r-w. - moulding composition consists of an unsaturatod aikyd binder r:sin (such as unsaturated polyesters), a filler (o.g. asbestos, calcined asbestos, asbestos coated wiuh a melamine-formaldehyde resin, glees fibres, clay, etc.), and a polymerisation catalyst (o.g.-an organic peroxide c-r- oseniie) . 49S. 3.?. 843,437, -ja.'-- k-/ i- j. .'.'..-ae :d la: otar.cara Tor sonono A Tubes and laminates prepared from fabric, e.g. glass, asbestos, etc., impregnated with a mixture comprising unsaturatod polyester and a mcncmer. The formed fabric to subjected to ionising radiation to sol i dify the mixture . 4S9. Russian F. 129,815, PRODUCTION 0? MELAMIITE-FORMALDEHYDE RESINS. H.3. Fotekhina et. ai. Resins of improved stability and heat resistance are obtained by con ti ress oal densing melamine with formaline and furfural and by introducing triethanolamine into the condensation product. The resin can be mixed, with other components ahd lubricating substances either in emulsion or in dry state A composition which can be used for the production of moulding materials consists of the rosin (40-49$), serpentine asbesi.oo 25C (24.5-29$), talc (24.5-29$) and calcium stearate (2$). *- 50, PART 6. ASBESTOS JOINTING, SEALING- AND lOATIID COMPOSITIONS. 500. 3.F. 835,874. FUTTY CCMPCSITIONS. Hardman & Holden Ltd. anf Asbestos mentioned as a filler. ASARCO ALV 0007089 121 jjDxcS 'J1 i-IT 501. PLASTIC GLAZE. $ Corrosion Ltd., of Southampton, Hants., has developed a nee plastic olaae called Polytile, which may be applied by brushing or spraying to nest types of constructional materials such as plaster, cement, and asbestos board. It is claimed to have ... remarkably high dogre: cf risistance to humidity, chemicals, solvents, fats and greases, and t o ' be heat resistant ud to 200C. 502. OIS-CCA? FINISH. Igntgcmerie, stobc Sc Co., ltd,, of Deesido, la It no y. Hr. Chester, are . r reducing a one coat stone finish known, as Solore. This is among othei .applied to asbestos-cement sheeting. It is claimed that c.no coat not only decorates but waterproofs and gives excellent stone effect ir. a choice of pastel shades and white. The finish can be applied to damp :es, it is said, without fea: uesc-mont flaking and peeling. ....pli:caattiiconn can bce boy bc:rusn cr roarer, cut it mai'rJy ao-----"L-.csc ce sprayec. t'wcuch a suitable gun. 3.?. 83d, o27. P^LT .'>xw _ _ ^ P" w L. __TO TJ. Ta. i x I * Ivcmastics Ltd. A putty-like composition, suitable for sealing, caulking cr glazing comprises in one form G-, Rs latr.ee '0-20), clown castor oil (90-140), polypale resin (50-110)7 paraffin wax (0-10), asbestos fibre (50), ;Igment (50), and kaolin clays (3CC). 004. U.S.P. 2,939,794. CCA? IMG CCIJPCSITICHS. Texaco Inc. A coating composition. for protecting ww'ooden structures such as utility poles, railroad ti< etc. , may consist cf the following ingredients: 1.3 phait 43. 5% by weight Asbestos fibre 10 ft ~ "i. c ^ 7-ormiculite 1C tf 10 :? Lor ax 5 T 882. (a delayed ] ilication). MATERIAL FOR FILLINGUP GAPS EATFEEIT CCTTCRSTE SLABS. pcssehl* Ohemie und Isolierstcffe G.m.b.H. The filling material is made from phenolic resin (30$), and fillers (about 60%) with addition of zinc oxide, and diluent and wetting agents. Asbestos fibres (cr powder) are also added. . ASARCO ALV 0007090 H* O ASARCO ALV 0007091 123 A33ZSI0S BULLETIN d 512. FAC OHS AFFECT Il'IC TEE BUBST INC BEHAVIOUR OF BARD P.V.C. * FIFE AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES. A.A. Van Dor Mai. Elastics, I960, 25, Ho. 275, p. 361. The increase in the heat distortion temperature of ?.V.< ;:arcs increases their bursting strength at 60C. 513. PROGRESS IE POLYTHENE PIPES. Pipes & Pipelines. I960, 5, No. 10, p. 42. The advantages of polythene over conventional materials are dis cussed. 514. GLASS-FIBRE REINFORCED CONCEPT No. 5457, p. 361. The use of glass fibre reinforced eea considered. Engineer I960, Io, aerate pipe is 515. THE EXTRUSION OF HIGH DENSITY 7CLYETHYLEIIE TUBING. D.J. Schmidt. SEE Journal I960, 13, No. 5, p. 505. E"uionent and extrusion techricue are described. oxo Cn3i;iC-i.L x. A PLASTIC PIPES. Materials in Design Eng. 196C, 52, No. 3, p. O wwO Cornelius A . Rauch & .As so . Inc. of ^kren 13, Ohio, is producing a i.reV; type of pipe made of glass reinforced furane. It is ciaimed that it can carry hot corrosive liquids and gases at temperatures up io 300F. and at pressures up to 15C psi. 317 K07 TO LANE CONTIIFJOUS REINFORCED ELASTIC PIPE D. Henis. Modern Plastics. I960, 38, No. 1, o. 119. Novel system of collapsing mandrels f'-emits production of endless pipe. Mention is made of a use of composite glass-asbestos tape material. 518 B.P. 850,562. RIGID P.V.C. PIPE ELEMENT. Compagnie de Pont-a-Mousson. P.V.C. pipe has at least one end of cylindrical body a screw threading of constant wall thickness, protuding externally from the body. ASARCO ALV 0007092 1 ASARCO ALV 0007093 125 b25. PLASTIC ROOFIRO. ASBESTOS BULLETilT K f 4The ris.ar.eial Tinas, 1250; October 12t;h. A r.3'.? polyvinyl chloride '.'Lactic material has seen developed for ' use in* the production cf transparent corrugated units, or opacue sneats. Tests which liavo bean carried cut -vith tbs new material are said to have shorn that it, is exceptionally -veil suited Tor rn-jf-lighting purposes and similar architectural applications. The matorial^is said to have both high strength and excellent light transeiicsioi: and it can be produced readily in a wide variety cf different types of profiles, or shapes. old. COLOUR FOR PL.-CUIC 5LC0RI1U. C. ^U-S ;;rav.:. rt,.3j o9cv, --__j ,.v. ,--\,y . * .v Fibres R ..'...lours for plastic floorings such as rigid ar.d rv-mi-ri.rii vinyl ''.l = s, flexible vinyl tiles, ooumaror..'/ ird:no tiles arc discussed. j*?5 7rJ OC ~urc\ j OvOi;O Dev; Chemical vT'~r' OR TUB CCLROSITION 1 composition for a plastic floor tile comprises Chlorinated poiyvthylono (IS) parts, Dioctyl FuthaluT-e plasticizer (1). Short o.s: -:stcs fibres (15), Pc. IS graining sand (!', Uniting- PaCO * (55) Titanium dioxide (5), stabilizer di-basic load Fi.osphito il/.^ Hectic floor tile prepared vith such co-reposition satisfactorily ::? y:s or r-xe-eeds such commonly accented standards as the .'.sohalt Tile Institute Specifications for vinyl Asbestos Tile-. B.P. 651,48? DZCORATIVB VIUYL FLO TH-3. -Parley 71 Co isccratine pattern is printed on the ;urfneo cf translucent vinyl chloride polymer sheet using ax; ini: consisting of a solution of vinyl chloride polymer or copolymer and a pigment. This is then laminated with a supporting iaiaina under pressure and heat without any assistance or use- of additional adhesive. 519. French P. 1,155,727. HC3ULATIKG- FLCCRiri. Btablissemcnt Plastitect. Insulating fleering is formed from a bitumen emulsion containing a synthetic resin, and additives such as ground asbestos, cork, etc Trample: 2.250 kg. of 5C'ji bitumen emulsion, 0.350 kg. polystyrene, 0.172 kg. cork, and 1.550 kg. asbestos powder, are thoroughly mixed together, compressed and air-dried. ------- - ----------- ASARCO ALV 0007094 126 ASARCO ALV 0007095 127 A332ST0S BULLET]^ 5-35. B.P. 846,537. THBHIvlAlLY--w?J.V.i.' D XNTP.CL DEVICE. Landis,;. & Gyr nG .'.s best os fibres impregnated v;itli siliooue laquer nay be used for the support and insulation of a heating coil in a specified thernally-actuated control device. 553. German P. 1,066,615. KILN 7ALL3. tVutcnia Hisburger Portland Csnentverk. Beat insulation for kilns, e.g. cement rotary kilns, consists of a layer of asbestos surrounded by a sheet cr a wire netting. 537. U.3.P. 2,9*19,953. A7.T. Hiller. J. Ov'li*. -- V- * * Di Halo and . ...civ method of manufacture pipe insulaticn from glass fibres cr ..stestcs. VO TT C *C O O 7 7, ", '* rJ Gypsum Co. SCUD '.33CBPT! . -- w'ji Alt. OJ National 1 typical formulation for an acoustical plaster is as fellows: 1;;orate line 69;^ lbs . _m.be st os fibre 10 Sodium sulphate (foaming agent) ,-A 51 ..'.ter a4:0 1 The sound absorotion characteristics of wall panels of hydrated lime and asbestos fibres can be changed by changing the density of the nix without altering the appearance of :`he surface. >' g P1BT 9. RBYRACTOPY FISPSS. Oo9 . cjaNT AnYD I'.i.iT.iL No. 10, p. o2o. ^S. Zing. M-At. cc Design, 1960, 3, The new technology developed by Illinois Institute of Technology s centred around the basic process, in which metal fibres are elted as in paper making and the felted fibres then sintered as in powder metallurgy. Products made from metal felted fibres range from filters and battery plates to fragmentation armour and rocket nozzles. S -J& pi *w ASARCO ALV 0007096 # 129 AS5EST0S BULLETIN* PART 10. MISCELLANEOUS* 557. FOROUS GLASS. F.G. vVihsmann and G. Sclov. Silikattechnik. . I960, 11, p?. 348-352. Production and applications of foam class are described, and physical properties of foam riaso (apparent density, heat conduc tivity, compressive sLrerctli and water absorption) are compared with those of ether porous materials, incl. asbestos cement. 3EATER SAT! Ghem. Eng. yo* teflon onto prestos. i%o . 33, o o4 . Anon. A short note about Armstrong Cork Co.'s ''Fluorocarbon Acccpae" asbestos sheet material .:ith electron micrographs of Teflonascestos mixtures. SPECIAL * 't"Tr- Oki and Saaashi Sate No. 39, DO 3^0"OoO * ALCIL3D A33E3T03. Sho-ii A Lime (Tokyo) March 1959, ., English summary). 'Then asbestos is heated for 2(; hrs. at 650, MgO and SiC.? are separated; heating at still hi gher temperatures cr for a longer period of time results in reconLoinaticn of MgC and SIC.- with the formation tf enstatit-e, MgO.SiO v. Calcined asbestos (Soh) and MgO (60$), obtained from dolomites. "give together magnesia cement. tr 60. EFFECT OF FILLERS CN THE MELTING POINT 0? CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS. V. A. Margin and T.J. Sogoleva. Vysokomolek. Scedin. I960, No. 7, pp. 1093-1C9S. The addition of the filler not entering into chemical reaction with the polymer (e.g. cone, asbestos powder, etc.,) does not shift the melting point of the polymer, but changes its mechanical properties. 551 FOAMS, RESIITS ARE SELF-EXTINGUISHING. Materials in Design En-g. 1960, 52, No. 3, p. 254. News item about work done at Dow chemical Co,,, on resins based on chloromethylated diphenyl ether. It is repotted that this resin has n. very low charring rate when filled with asbestos. . -w- ASARCO ALV 0007098 ASARCO ALV 0007099 ASARCO ALV 0007100 ASARCO ALV 0007101