Document MJNVopmk87DZNbxyJmvjxXkoz

CHAPTER 8 Table 3. Maximum Allowable Concentration op Gases and Vapobs (Concluded) --As Substance ASA Stand ards MAC. ppmb by volume Threshold Limit Values A.C.GJ.H. 1957 ppmb g/cu m or Os/IQOO cu Nitroethane......... Nitrogen dioxide. Nitroglycerine...... Nitromethane___ 2-Nitropropane.. Nitrotoluene -- Octane................ Ozone................ Pentane.............. Pentanone (methyl propyl ketone)....... Perchlorethylene (tetrachloroethylene). Phenol........... ............................................. Phenylhydrazine.............v......................... Phosgene (carbonyl chloride).................. Phosphine..... ..........;.......................... Phosphorus trichloride..................... Propyl acetate.................................... Propyl alcohol (isopropyl alcohol).. Propyl ether (isopropyl ether)........ Propylene dichloride (1,2-dichloropropane). Propylene imine................................................. Quinone................................................................ Stibine.................................................................. Stoddard solvent.................................. Styrene monomer (phenylethylene). Sulfur dioxide...................................... Sulfur hexafluoride.............................. Sulfur monochloride............................ Sulfur pentafluoride............ p-Tertiarybutyltoluene----1,1*2,2-Tetrachloroethane.. (x) Tetrahydrofuran. . Tetr&mtroxnethane. Toluene (toluol)......................... o-Toluidine................................ Trichloroethylene...................... Trifluoromonobromomethane.. Turpentine.................................. Vinyl chloride (ohloroethylene). Xylene (xylol)............................... 200 . 200 100 5 0.5 100 50 5 500 0.1 1000 200 200 5 5 1 0.05 0.5 200 400 500 ' 75 25 10 0.1 0.1 500 100 5 1000 1 0.025 10 -5 200 1 200 5 200 1000 100 500 200 0.310 0.009 0.005 0.250 0.180 0.030 2.350 ' 0.0002 2.950 0.700 1.350 0.019 -0.022 0.004 0.00007 0.003 0.840* 0.980 2.100 0.350 0.060 0.030 0.0004 0.0005 2.90 0.420 0.013 6.000 0.006 0.00025 0.060 0.035 0.590 0.008 0.750 0.022 1.050 6.100 0.560 1.30 0.870 sf& a A.C.GJ.H. -- American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Reprinted by permissio^i from A.M.A. Archives of Industrial Health, September 1957, Vol. 16, pp. 261-265. A3 h Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of air by volume. (x) These values appeared in A.C.GJ.H. tentative list for 1956. apply a reasonable safety factor to the ventilation estimate without coni sideration of the concentrations of gases or vapors that approach the danger] point. Safety engineers prefer to limit the concentration to \ or f of tn| lower explosive limit, and this fact should be given full weight in determine ing the capacity and design of ventilating equipment. Rarely should consideration be given to operation above the upper explosive limit in thl open areas of buildings or rooms--even though unoccupied--because tb| danger of temporary drop of gas concentration to a point within the exj plosive range is too great. % Ability of a flammable liquid to form explosive mixtures is determined largely by its vapor pressure, volatility, or rate of evaporation. Ffosjj point is a convenient method of expressing this property in terms of tbj Air Contaminants 161 Table 4. Limits fob Toxic Dusts, Fumes and Mists Substance A.8.A. Standards Threshold Limit M.A.C, Values, A.C.GJ.H g/cu ma 1957 g/cu m* Aldrin (l,2,3,4,10,lQ-h.exachloro-l,4t4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro1,4,5,8-dimethanonaphthalene)........... ....................................... Animate (ammonium sulfamate)............ ................................ Antimony............................................................................................ (x) ANTU (alpha naphthyl thiourea)................................................. Arsenic................................................................................................. Barium (soluble compounds).................................................... Cadmium oxide fume........................................................................ (x) Calcium arsenate............................................................................... Cidordane (l;2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- 4,7 -methanomdane)....................................................................... (x) Chlorinated camphene (60%) -- ................................................ Chlorinated diphenyl oxide................. .......................................... Chlorodiphenyl (42% chlorine)....................................-- ........ (x) Chlorodiphenyl (54%) chlorine).................................. *................. Chromic arid and chromates (as CrO)........................................ Crag herbicide (sodium 2-[2,4-dichlorophenoxyl ethanol hy drogen sulfate.................................................................................. Cyanide (as CN)............................................................................... 2,4-D(2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)......................................... (x) DDT (2,2-bis[p-chlorophenyiJ`l,l,l,trichloroethane................ Dieldrin-(1,2,3,4,10il0-hexachloro-6;7-epoxy-l,-4;4a, 5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-l,4,5,&-dimethatton&phthaiene)........... (x) Dinitrobenzene.................................................................... ........... Dinitrotoluene.................................................................................... Dinitro-o-cresol.............................. ................................................... EPN (O-ethyl O-p-nitrophenyl thionobenzenepbosphonate).. (x) Ferbam (ferric dimethyl dithiocarbamate).................................. Ferrov&nadium dust......................................................................... Fluoride............................................................................................... (x) HETP (hexaethyl tetraphosph&te)..................................... ....... Hydroquinone.................................................................................... Iron oxide fume.................................................................................. lead.......................................................................*................. . (x) Lead arsenate...................................................................................... Lindane (hexachlorocyclohexane, gamma isomer)...................... Magnesium oxide fume..........................................#....... ................. Malathion (O,O-dimethyl dithiophosphate of diethyl mercap- toeuccinate)............................................................................. Manganese................................................................................... Mercury............................................................................................... Meroury (organic compounds)............................... . -- :< MM.oe.ltyh.b.od.x.ey.nc.ub..mlo.r....(.2.,.2.-.d.i.-.p.-.m..e.th..o.x.y.p..h.e.n..y.M.., .1.,.1.-.tn.c..h.lo..ro.e..th..- (soluble compounds)............................................................... (insoluble compounds)............................................................ (x) Nicotine............................................................................--........... Parathion (0,0-diethyl O-p-nitrophenyl thiophosphate)........ Pentachloronaphthalene............................................................ Pentachlorophenol...................................................................... Phosphorus (yellow).................................................................. Phosphorus pentachloride.......................................................... Phosphorus pentasulfide............................................................ Picric arid..................................................................... .................. Pyrethum.............................................................. ........................... (x) Rotenone.................................... .................... Selenium compounds (as Se) Sodium hydroxide................ (x) Sodium ftuoroacetate (1080).. (x) Strychnine............................ Sulfuric acid........................ TEDP (tetraethyl dithionopyrophosphate) TEPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate)....... .......... Tellurium............................ .................... ... ` Tetryl (2,4,6-tnnitrophenyimethylmtramine).. (x) Thiram (tetramethyl thiuram disulfide).......... (x) .Thallium (soluble compounds)......................... Titanium dioxide............................................... Trichloronaphthalene................................................. Trinitrotoluene.............................. o.oooi 0.00015 0.006 0.0001 0.00025 0.015 0.0005 0.0003 0.0005 0.0005 0.0001 0.0001 0.0005 0.0005 0.001 0.0005 0.0001 0.015 0.005 0.010 0.00025 0.001 0.0015 0.0002 0.0005 0.015 0.001 0.0025 0.0001 0.015 0.0002 0.00015 0.0005 0.015 0.015 0.006 0.0001 0.00001 0.015 0.005 0.015 0.0005 0.0001 0.0005 0.0005 0.0001 0.001 0.001 0.0001 0.002 0.005 0.0001 0.002 0.0001 0.00015 0.001 0.0002 0.00005 0.0001 0.0015 0.005 0.0001 0.015 0.005 0.0015