Document M4oRg55x0qMgZRBpzRGVy5pOj

r re duct Guide The oroducts listed below are manufactured to meet the mghest Quality standards set by Koopers Comoany. Inc. They are formulated specifically for use m roof and roof main tenance and waterproofing applications. Additional information on these oroducts may be obtained m other sections of this manual or by contacting your Koppers representative. The products listed beiow are manufactured to meet applicable Federal and ASTM specifications. If a certification is required on any of these products, it must be requested at the time of order placement. Products Description Federal Spec. ASTM Spec. Page No. Bitumens Coal Tar Bitumen Asphalt Type III Coal Tar based roofing and waterproofing bitumen Petroleum derived asphalt suitable for roofing applications (Type III--Steep asphalt) * D-450-78 Type III , D-312-78 Type III 12 12 Felts #15 Tarred Felt Coal Tar Saturated Organic Fiber Felt HH-R-595 B Type IS C Style A D-227 12 #43 Coated Base Sheet Asphalt Saturated and Surface Coated Organic Fiber Felt D-2626 12 Membrane system KMM' Aluminum Membrane KMM* Standard Membrane Aluminum Surface--Single Ply--Five layer laminated roofing membrane Single Ply--Five layer laminated roofing and waterproofing membrane * # * * Insulations Exeltherm r Urethane Insulation Exeltherm** 11 Isocyanurate Insulation Exeltherm- Composite Closed cell polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam with integrally bonded asphalt-saturated roof membranes Closed ceil polyurethane composite foam laminated to perlite board Exeltherm Xtra* Closed cell phenolic foam with integrally bonded faces HH-I-530A Type 1 Class II Grade 2. Style 0 HH-I-530A Type 1 Class II Grade 2 Style E * * Fabrics Tar or Asphalt Saturated Cotton (Std. Grade) Tar or Asphalt Saturated Cotton (Spec. Graoei Glasfab' Giascoat* Jute U F Mat 'White) U.F Mat (Coated) Standard Mesh Heavy Duty Mesh Stonemat Roof cements Flash-on #441 Flashing Cement Hydroshield Tar Roof Cement A A woven cotton fabric saturated with tar or asphalt A woven cotton fabric with higher thread count than above grade A woven glass membrane available in 20 x 10 or 20 x 20 threads per inch--asphalt or tar coated ' Same as above, except coated with white resin Asphalt saturated jute, commonly referred to as treated burlap A white, lightweight mat comprised of fine glass filaments in a random arrangement reinforced with a swirl pattern Same as above, coated with asphalt Medium weight, white glass strands bound together in a random pattern Heavy asphalt saturated glass fibers m jackstraw pattern A polyester underfayment for KMM loose aggregate topping Flashing cement formulated for weathering and flow resistance Not as heavy consistency as Flash-on #441 Asphalt cutback. Formulated for application in all weather. Readily bonds to wet surface. Trowel or brush grades. Tar based plastic cement a SS-C-450e HH-C-4666 * HH-B-00800 * e SS-C-1S3 Type 1 SS-C-153 Type 1 SS-C-153 Type II * D-173 D-1668 D-1327 * * D-2822 Type 1 D-2822 " ' Type 1 * 37 37 37 42 42 42 42 42 43 43 43 43 21 36 -- HOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Products Root coatings Emulsions Liquid Asphalt 480 Description Asphalt emulsion. Will not alligator if oroperty applied. Heavy bodied, exceptionally high quality, non-fibrated clay emulsion. Liquid Asohalt 472 Liauid Asohalt 484 Bituminous Aggregate Binder (BAT) Cutbacks Asohalt Roof Coating 454 Asphalt emulsion. High quality asbestos fibrated, medium body, clay emulsion Fiber glass reinforced, asohalt emulsion For use with the KMM BAT Topping only Medium body, asbestos fibrated cutback coating Fiber Coating 415 Resaturants Roof Resaturant 425 Roof Resaturant 410 Primers High-Pen Pnmer452 Coal Tar Concrete Priming Oil Adhesives CP Adhesive KMM Adhesive Reflective roof coatings Alum, Roof Coating 434 Tar cutback. Penetrates and resaturates tar and gravel roofs Asphalt Cutback. Combines maximum penetration and coating properties Highest quality tar resaturant available. Excellent penetration and softening qualities. Thin asohalt cutback primer with maximum penetrating capabilities Coal tar based primer for roofing and waterproofing applications Superior asphalt cutback adhesive for asphalt felt applications A tenacious aspnalt adhesive formulated specifically for adhering KMM membrane Contains 3 lbs. aluminum paste per gallon. Non-fibrated. Alum Roof Coating 435 Alum Roof Coating 444 Alum Roof Coating 445 Reinforced with asbestos fibers. Contains 3 lbs. aluminum paste per gallon. Contains 2 lbs. aluminum paste per gallon. Non-fibrated. Contains 2 lbs. aluminum paste per gallon. Reinforced with asbestos fibers. Colored Roof Coating White) White acrylic emulsion decorative coating. To be used over new Liquid Asphalt 480. Caulkings Acrylic *400 One cart, gunnable. acrylic caulking. **OpHcw Fwj*nl and/or A&Ttt QuHto Spocmcation* ar* not v*lt*W* for thfs product. Federal Spec. ASTM Spec. SS-R-1781 Type 1 * * D-1227 Type III D-1187 Type A D-1227 Type 1 * * SS-A-694D SS-C-540b * 0-2823 Type 1 N/A * SS-A-701 * * sr 0-41 D-43 * TT-C-00493 TT-C-498B * e D-2824 Type 1 D-2824 Type II e * * *m Page No. 36 26 45 45 45 16 34 21 47 47 47 47 - -- 5 r~ Koppers Roof Bond/Guarantees Program Bono# and/or Guarantees are available for listed roofing specifications m this manual. To qualify for a Koppers Roofing Bond or Guarantee, roofing and flashing must bo constructed in accordance with Koppers Specifications, with Koppers materials and by a roofing contractor authorized by Koppers. Roof Bond Program Koppers bonds are available for 10. 15 or 20 year terms, and only cover coal tar built-up roofing and KMM flashings where approved. Roof Guarantee Program Koppers offers the following Built-up Roof ing Guarantees: 10-Year Guarantee A ten-year guarantee with a ten-year renewal option--for 4 and 5 ply Coal Tar Bitumen roofing systems only. 5-Yeer Guarantee A five-year guarantee with a five-year renewal option--for 4 and 5 ply Coal Tar Bitumen Built-up Roofing Systems only. KMM Guarantee A five-year guarantee with a five-year renewal option. KMM membrane applica tions only. KMM/IRMA Guarantee A ten-year guarantee covenng watertight ness and insulation efficiency (80% of the original thermal resistance). General requirements for bonded or guaranteed roof applications: 1. All roofing to be bonded/guaranteed must be constructed in conformance with Koppers specifications. 2. Koppers bonds/guarantees are not avail able for residential roofing. 3. Koppers bonds/guarantees are transferable upon timely written notice of change of prop erty ownership. 4. Koppers bonds/guarantees are available within the Continental United States in all cases except those areas where Koppers does not presently provide inspection service. 5. Approved flashings may be bonded/guar anteed for terms up to but not exceeding the term for which the roof is bonded. 6. Charges for roofing bonds/guarantees are made on a per square (100 sq. ft.) basts of the roofing membrane. Coverage: Koppers roof bonds/guarantees provide for repairs of leaks to the roofing not occasionea by defects in the building, abuse or extreme weather conditions dunng the term of the bond/guarantee up to the monetary limit specified in the bond. Roof bonds/guarantees DO NOT cover the repair, installation, or replacement cost of the following: 1. Decking matenais.' Z Vapor barriers 3. Insulation products (except KMM/IRMA system). 4. Metal work. 5. Products in the roof assembly furnished by others. 8. Damage to the bonded roofing or flashing caused by the use of the products listed in t through 5 above, their installation or attach ment. 7. Vandalism or owner abuse. Koppers reserves the nght to cancel any bond/guarantee if the roof is damaged due to causes not covered by the bono/guarantee if it is determined that the roof's satisfactory performance for the remaining term of the Pond/guarantee is impaired. Cancellation due to damage of this type does not provide for any refund of the original cost. Gcecification Reference Guide Type System Coal Tar Bitumen Coal Tar Bitumen . . Loose Laid Memorane Aggregate looping Loose Laid Memorane Bituminous Aggregate Topping Adhered Memorane Aluminum Surface . insulated Roof Memorane Assemoiy Deck Slope Spec. No. COAL TAR BUILT-UP ROOFING SYSTEMS Nailable '2 max 210 Non-nailable & insulation */f max. 220 KMM ROOFING SYSTEMS Nailable. Non-Nailable and insulation r max 610 Nailable. Non-Nailabie and Insulation 1 V*" max 620 Nailable. Non-Nailable and insulation Minimum with 630 Positive Drainage Nailable. Non-Nailabie and insulation I- . . - 690 Construction Page 4 and 5 ply tarred felt 4 ply tarred felt 13 14 KMM Standard Membrane 27 KMM Standaro Memorane 27 KMM Aluminum Memorane 28 KMM Standard Memorane 29 8 Koppers Built-Up Roofing Systems Coal Tar Bitumen Built-up Roofing Materials and System Discussion KOPPERS 7 1 KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Description Kopoers Coal Tar Bitumen built-up roofing systems consist of alternate layers of Koopers Coal Tar Bitumen and Koooers tarred felt, surfaced with a heavy too oouring of KoDDers Coal Tar Bitumen into which is embedded an aggregate. Koopers Coal Tar Bitumen built-uo roofing systems are used whenever a foot is exposed to water and/or corrosion, and on all level or low sloped roofs where minimum main tenance is reauired. Features " Coat Tar Bitumen built-uo roofing provides one of the most durable roofing systems known due to its inherent superior water proofing and weathering characteristics. This is THE time oroven roofing system for level and low sloped roofs. Coal Tar Bitumen orovides numerous advan tages to an owner The superior performance of coal tar roofing systems in the areas iisteo below make coal tar roofing systems unique in the roofing industry 1. Coal Tar Bltuman has natural resistance to water, air and water vapor penetration. A tight molecular structure enables Coal Tar Bitumen to resist water penetration and oxidation of the roof surface. 2. Another unique feature of coal tar roofing is its self-healing ability. Alligatormg and hairline cracks common to most materials, eventually cause damage to the roofing membrane Coal Tar Bitumen has a property known as "cold flow" which automatically corrects these conditions before serious damage takes place. This "cold flow" feature heals small mechanical fractures at normal temperatures. 3. Application improvements. Because Koooers has expertise in the chemistry of aromatic coal tars. Coal Tar Bitumen was developed with the beneficial features of low fume evolution at aooltcation temperatures, tnus reducing potential irritation during abdication These features represent significant improvements which are in consort with the aims of government, labor, and industry in the areas of reduced air pollution and im proved worker conditions. Uses 1. All dead' level roofs 2. All water cooled roofs 3. Low slODed roofs with occasional oonding 4. Low sloped roofs with retarded drainage 5. All buildings with level.or low sloped roofs that are built for long service life 6. Roofs in most highly corrosive atmo spheres Slopes Koppers recommends that the maximum roof slooe be one-half (Vi) inch per foot for all built-uo Coal Tar Bitumen roof systems. Kopoers does, however, permit slopes uo to two (2) inches oer foot at flashings that incorporate taoered cants and for short run crickets or saddles for drainage, provided there are orovisions for adeauate back nailing, and these crickets or saddles do not cover more than 15% of the roof area. All felts must be backnailed on slooes onehalf ih) inch per MB or more. For recom mendations on reefing procedures for slooes over 4 inch oer foot, consult your KoDDers representative. Underwriters Laboratories Underwriters Laboratories. Inc. Building Materials Directory, TFJR-Suilt-Up Roof Covering materials lists Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen and tarred felts tor use in construction ol Class A ana B built-up roof coverings Additional References: Roof Deck Con structions are listed under U L. Guide No (360 RO) TGKX. Roof deck construction materials, such as vapor barriers, insula tions. and adhesives are listen under U L. Guide No. (360 R13) TGYV Bonds/Guarantees Koooers Bonds/Guarantees are available for5.10. IS. and 20 year terms Roof bonds/ guarantees cover ONLY the Duilt-up roofing and flashing membrane. * . For further details, olease refer to Page 6 of this manual. Note. " - ' 7 Ccal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Hoofing General Requirements and Special Conditions ?cof Structure System in any building tne performance of the Built-Up Roofing will be affected to some degree by all of the parts of the roof structure system as well as the inside and outside atmospheric environment. Each component should De investigated for its compatibility with each of the others. The roof structure system may include any or all of the following: Outside Atmospheric Conditions Roofing System Peripheral Details (Flashings) Insulation (if present) Vapor Barrier (if present) Structural Deck including sub purlins (supports) Structural Framing Air Space (if present) . Ceiling (if present) interior Air Conditions You will find information in this manual per taining to materials and application methods other than for built-up roofing. They are offered to assist the designer in establishing their normal position m the roof structure system. They should not be construed as part of the built-up roofing system, as endorsement, nor as part of the designated specifications other than to establish a suit able roofing base in the root structure system. The proper design, specification and posi tioning of the various components of the roof structure system is the responsibility of the building owner or ms designer Any suoseouent failures, due to either the instal lation or lack of installation will not be Koppers responsibility. The deck is the base over which the built-up roofing, or insulation ana ouilt-uo roofing is apoiied Where the term dec)t is used in tnis manual without reference to insulation, it shall designate the surface over which roof ing is to be applied All decks shall be clean, smooth, dry rigid and free of debris. Any deck defect shall be corrected before appli cation of rooting All oecks shall oe installed m accordance with the deck manufacturer s specifications ana Shall be in compliance with Keepers General Reauirements in approving any deck as satisfactory to receive a Koooers roof, only the deck sur face is accepted, it is the resoonsibility of the ouiioing designer and the deck manu facturer to provide for expansion and con traction m a manner that will provide a stable oase for the roofing: for suooort of maximum anticioatec loads, secure attachments vertically ana laterally and the selection of tne deck material and construction details including their ability to contain bitumens KOPPERS WILL NOT ASSUME RESPON SIBILITY FOR DECK DEFECTS OR BITUMEN SEEPAGE ! The olacing of conduits, bolt heads, etc., above the roof oeck ana below the roofing membrane is not recommended. Ail projections or openings in the deck should be completed prior to tne application of the roofing 8 Optimum adhesion to the deck is necessary for good roof performance Where Koppers Bitumen or steep asphalt is used as an adhe sive. questionable decks may be tested for dryness and adhesion by pounng one pint of the bitumen, heated to application tem perature. over a representative area or areas of the deck. The deck is not satisfactory if the bitumen foams or bubbles, or upon cooling to ambient temperature may be stripped clean of the deck. When decks can not be sufficiently cleaned to permit adequate adhesion a primer a required. Metal Decks Metai Oecks: Decks of this type must also be free from loose rust and oily substances. It is absolutely necessary to install board type insulation on a metal deck before the Koppers roofing is applied. A metal deck must be clean, smooth, and properly anchored to the steel purlins and all joints correctly lapped and fastened. Type of metal deck, flute opening and vari ous other factors determine the type and thickness of insulation required. Consult your Koopers representative for recom mendations. Metal roof decks shall be designed so that they will not have a deflection exceeding 1 /240 of clear sDan under all types of loads (live & dead). Designer should take into account roof traffic conditions including mechanical equipment used for roof application. Note: When applying insulation and roofing over a perforated or acoustical type metal deck, it is recommended that a vapor barrier be installed prior to the application of the insulation or that a base sheet set in steep asphalt be utilized as the first ply of Built-Uo Roofing. This is to reduce the possibility of Bitumen drippage. . Application of Vapor Retarder Below Insulation (Felt Type Vapor Retarder) Coat (he ribs of the metal deck with Steep Asphalt and then install two (2) full thick nesses of Koppers No 15 Asphail Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet, mopping with Steep Asphalt the full width of the nineteen (19) inch lap Extend and adhere all felt up vertical surfaces to a dimension 6" above the plane of the insulation surface Attachment of Insulation Install insulation with steep asphalt or approved mechanical fasteners See Attachment" Page 10. a. When attachment is made with steep asphalt it shall be applied to deck at rate of 12 to 15 lbs. per 100 sq. ft., place insulation while steep asphalt is still molten to provide good adhesion b. If slope of deck is one-half r'/j) inch perfoot or more, insulation must be able to retain nails In addition to being set in steep asphalt, insula tion must oe fastened to the metal deck wiin approved mechanical fasteners m accordance with FM requirements. If two layers of insula tion arespectfied. top layer must oe set m steep asphalt, making sure that the joints in tne top layer do not coincide with the joints of the bottom layer c. if UL and FM reauirements are a factor 'or insurance reasons, tne insulation ana acnesive must be listed and approved m accoroance with tneir current data. In areas that may exceed the V per foot maximum slope requirements (snort run crickets, saddles or cantsl. all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing strips must be provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails Application of Roofing Membrane For application of roofing materials over the insulation, follow Specification No 220. Page U. Precast Structural Concrete Sections Precast concrete structural sections oemano the same recommendations as poureo concretedecks. although the presence ol moisture, due to insufficient drying time, is not iikeiv if the contractor finds one or more slabs resting unevenly, with edges projecting above the sur face. this should be corrected by resetting or leveling off Leveling off snould be gradual ana smooth to permit insulation full contact with me substrate. Open-cell aggregate concrete is not acceptable for filling qr leveling low areas ah joints, grouted or not snould be caulked witn trowel-grade asphaltic plastic cement As addi tional protection from bitumen drippage an optional felt stripping can be embedded m 'his troweling of plastic cement Slab sides and ends snould be square rest firmly ana evenly on supporting members, and be installed fo prevent lateral and vertical movement Application of Vapor Retarder Befow Insulation 1. On precast concrete slab or tile deck, strip mop with Coal Tar Bitumen up to four (4) inches from the edge of each joint Not less than 30*b of the surface must oe mopped, at a min rale of 10 lbs per 100 square feet 2. Lay over the entire surface two .2) full thicknesses of Koopers Tarred Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (19' inches so that m no otace shall felt touch felt. 3. Extend and adhere all plies of felt up to vertical surfaces to a dimension 6" above the plane of the insulation surface Application of Insulation: Over Vapor Retarder Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface. While hot. embed the insulation if there are two (2) layers of insulation (e.g as required for pre-stresseO concrete sections) mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen While hot. embed the second layer ot insulation Application of Insulation Directly to Oeck Over precast concrete or tile deck, strip mop with Coal Tar Bitumen up to 4" from the edge of each |Oint Not less than 30% of the surface must be mopped at a minimum rate of 10 lbs. per 100 sq. ft. Wjule the bitumen is still hot. embed the insulation. See Insulation section. Page 11. Insulation joints shall not coincide with joints of the precast units Application of Roofing-MateriaIs to Deck On precast concrete slab or tile oeck. strip mop with Coal Tar Bitumen up to four 14' mcnes from the edge of each joint Not less than 30% of the surface must be moooed. at a minimum of 10 lbs per 100 sauare feet KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Complete the system in accordance with Specification No. 220. in areas that may exceed the W per foot maximum slope requirement (short run cnckets. saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing strips must be provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails. Lightweight Insulating Concrete Lightweight Insulating decks include light weight aggregate concrete (20 to 40 lbs. oer cu. ft. oven dry density); foamed concrete, gypsum and thermosetting asphaltic decks. Except for Dycon* Concrete, lightweight insulating deck systems must be capable of venting excess water vapor to the under side. Koppers will not accept these light weight insulating decks to be placed over vapor barriers, poured concrete substrates, unvented metals, or any type of base which will not permit these materials to vent from the underside. This is necessary to prevent a water vapor pressure build-up under the built-uo roofing. Occasional, or spot vents through the roofing as tne only venting method are not satisfactory substitutes for underside. in addition, lightweight insulating decks shall have sufficient cohesive strength to provide firm attachment of the roofing to the deck and framing to prevent wind uplift damage or blow-offs. Nailable decks must be capable of developing at tne very mini mum. a 40 pound nail pull-out or withdrawal strength. If the materials do not achieve this value, additional fasteners will be required over and above those quantities described m the ensuing specification (standard is aporoximately 100 fasteners per square) to achieve a minimum attachment standard of 40 lb. oer square foot. Koppers will not be responsible for failure of the insulating deck to remain integral or for disbonding of the roofing from the surface of the deck. Provisions should be made wherever possi ble to provide additional venting such as notched wood perimeter nailers, etc., in conjunction with the venting from the under side of the deck. If board type insulation is to be applied over a lightweight insulating deck, provisions must be made between the fill and the board insulation to prevent fill moisture from affecting the insulation and roofing. ThermoMttmg Asphaltic Concrete When applying the roofing membrane directly over a thermosetting Asphaltic Concrete, follow Specification 210 except the first ply of the roofing membrane must be a base sheet set in a solid mopping of steep asphalt. Application of Membrane Baton* Board-type Insulation 1. Apply over entire surface one (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet, laooing each sheet four (4) inches over preceding sheet and nailing at lao no less than nine (9) inches and stagger nailed down center of each sheet on nine (9) inch centers 2.Extend and adhere all plies to vertical sur faces to a dimension 6" above the plane of the insulation surface. For vapor bamer provisions contact your Koppers Representative. Application of Board-type Insulation Over Membrane Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface and. while hot. embed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen and, while hot. embed the second layer of insu lation. For application of roofing materials over insulation follow Application Specification No. 220. Application of Roofing Materials to Deck 1. Apply over entire surface on# (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet, lapping each sheet four (4) inches over preceding sheet and nailing at lao no less than nine (9) inches, and stagger-nailed down the center of each sheet on nine (9) inch centers. 2. Over the base sheet apDly three (3) olies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies twentyfour and two-thirds (2AH) inches. Where slope of deck is one-half (H) inch per foot or more, nail each sheet of felt six (6) inches from the back edge on twenty-four (24) inch centers. All laps shall be mopped with Coal Tar Situ-, men the full twenty-four and two-thirds (24?i) inches, so that in no olace shall felt touch felt. 3. Complete the system in accordance with Specification No. 210. Note: In areas that may exceed the V per 'loot maximum slope requirement (short run crickets. saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be beck nailed. Wood nailing strips must pe provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails. Poured Gypsum Precast Gypsum The same recommendations applying to precast concrete slabs apply to prebast gypsum slabs and gypsum metal bound planks, except that the first ply of the roof ing membrane must be a coated base sheet fastened in accordance with the base sheet alternate. See Page 12. All uneven slabs should be reset or leveled off so that the roof will be laid on a flat and even surface, free from projections and low areas. Because these slabs are precast, the possibility of a high moisture content being present is more remote than in the poured gypsum roof or lightweight insulating concrete roof deck. Poured gypsum decks sometimes cause trouble because the built-up roofing is laid before the deck is thoroughly dry. When this happens the result is a blistered and buckled membrane, or. just as serious, insulation curls and makes an unsatisfactory job. The roofing contractor, backed by the architect, must insist on a thoroughly dry deck before beginning work. He should also see to it that the deck is free of loose sand, frozen scale and other foreign matter. Projections should be removed, low points filled with cement grout or other suitaoie material, and all cracks pointed uo. Application of Membrane Below Insulation 1. Apply over entire surface one (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet, lapping each sheet four (4) incites over preceding sheet and nailing at lap no less than nine (9) inches and stagger nailed down center of each sheet on nine (9) inch centers. 2. Extend and adhere alt plies to vertical sur face* to a dimension 6" above the plane of the insulation surface. For vapor retarder provisions contact your Koppers Representative. AppMcafton of Insulation Over Membrane Apply a uniform coating of steep asphalt over the entire surface, and. while hot. embed the insulation, tf there are two (2) layers of insulation mop the entire surface of the first layer with steep asphalt, and. while hot. embed the second layer of insulation Insu lation joints shall not coincide with joints of precast units. For application of roofing matenals over insulation follow Application Specification No. 220. Application of Roofing Materials to Deck 1. Apply over entire surface one (1) ply of Koppers coated base sheet, lapping each sheet four (4) inches over preceding sheet and nailing at lap no less than nine (9) inches, and stagger-nailed down the center of each sheet on nine (9) inch centers. 2. Over the base sheet apply three (3) plies of Koppere Tarred Felt, lapping plies twentyfour and two-thirds (24Jj) inches. Where slope of deck is one-half (H) inch oer foot or mors, nail each sheet of felt six (6) inches from the back edge on twenty-four (241 inch centers. 3. Complete the system in accordance with Specification No. 210. Note In areas that may exceed the V per foot maximum slope requirement ishort run crickets, saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing strips must be provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails 9 Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing (continued) Poured Portland Cement Concrete The deck surface must be smooth, dry. and free of dirt, dust and debris. Projections should be removed, low points filled with cement grout or other suitable material, and all cracks pointed up. Roof deck shall be properly graded to outlets. Application of Vapor Refarder Below Ineutabon 1. Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen to the deck. 2. Lay over the entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt. 3. Extend and adhere all plies of felt to vertical surfaces to a dimension 6" above the plane of the insulation surface. Application of Insulation Apply a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen over the entire surface into which, while hot. emoed the insulation. If there are two (2) layers of insulation moo the entire surface of the first layer with Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot. embed the second layer of insulation. Application of Roofing Materials Over Insulation or Deck install the roof in accordance with Specifica tion No. 220. In areas that may exceed the vj" per foot maximum slope requirement (short run crickets, saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing stnps must be provided wnen the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails. Y/ood Plank/Plywood Wood shall be well seasoned, dry and pref erably treated. End joints shall have adequate bearing. Loose or void knot holes, large cracks, etc,, shall be covered with sheet metal , Lumber shall be a minimum of 1" nominal thickness. Plywood (exterior grade) shall be a minimum of y thickness. Hot Coal Tar Bitumen should never be applied directly to a wood aeck Sandwiched between the heat from above and the heat from below, such material finas its way through the boards into the building. Good practice demands the cushioning and blotting effect of a layer of sneathing paper followed by layers of dry felt. Shioiao and square edge boards should be avoided where possible. If the underside of the roof deck is exposed to air pressure created from open doors or windows, tongue-ano-grooved lumber should be used. Preparation Below Insulation 1. The wood roof deck shall be covered with one11) layer of approved rosin-sized sheath ing paper weighing approximately five (5) pounds per one hundred (100) square feet. The sheathing paper shall be lapped two (2) mcnes and secured to the deck by occasional nailing. 10 Application of Vapor Rstardw Below Insulation Note; When vapor retarder is required, use these procedures m addition to Preparation Below Ineutatidn noted above. Lay over the entire surface two (2) full thicknesses of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping each sheet nineteen (19) inches over the preceding sheet--mopping with Coal Tar Bitumen the full nineteen (19) inches so that in no place shall felt touch felt. Application of Insulation 1. Mop the entire surface with a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen into which, while hot. firmly embed the insulation. For application of roofing materials over insulation follow Application Specification No. 220 on Page 14. Application of Roofing Materials Directly on Wood For application of roof materials directly on wood decks follow Specification No. 210 on Page 13. In areas that may exceed the 'V per foot maximum slope requirement (short run cnckets. saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing strips must be provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails. Structural Wood Fiber All decking must be installed in strict accor dance with the particular deck manufacturer's recommendations for installation. Deck material must be protected during shipment, job sue storage and prior to roofing application. No planks which nave become structurally weakened due to moisture, fractures or muti lated edges may be used. All joints must be level and preferably grouted full and level with plank surfaces as recommended by the deck manufacturer. All planks must be well anchored to supporting members to resist movement in a fashion recommended by the deck manufac turer. Any planks which bow or deflect or do not seat securely must be replaced. Responsi bility for the selection of a particular type of wood fiber deck, its installation, provision for expansion and contraction, its suitability to |Ob requirements, and its ability to support antici pated loads m its environment rests with the designer and deck manufacturer. Decks of these types, whether grouted or not. shall be caulked with Koppers Flashing Cement which shall be applied so that the top surface is level and smooth. Felt strip ping four (4) to six (6) inches wide set in a troweling of the cement is required to assist in leveling uneven joints and bridge the joint openings thus providing a better sur face for the roofing materials. Caution: care must be taken to avoid bitu men drippage. Application of Vapor Ratardar Balow Insulation install two (2) phes of No 15 asphalt felt lapped nineteen (19) mcnes in Type III steep aspnalt Plies shall be mopped solidly so that in no place snail felt touch felt install insulation m solid mopping of steep asphalt. Application of Insulation Over Vapor Retarder Install insulation in a uniform coating of Type ill steep aspnalt. Installation of roofing over insulation shall be as per specification outlined oeiow with case sneet mopped solidly to the insulation in steep asphalt as the first ply. Application of Roofing Materials Install roofing in accordance with Specifica tion No. 220 except that a base sheet, set in steep asphalt, must be substituted as the first ply. See "Base Sheet Alternate Page 12. Complete the system in accordance with Specification No. 220. In areas that may exceed the V per foot maximum slope requirement (short run cnckets. saddles or cants), all plies of tarred felt must be back nailed. Wood nailing stnps must be provided when the substrate is not considered capable of retaining nails. Material Protection It is the responsibility of the roofing con -tractor to protect all roil roofing materials and roof insulation from ground or con struction moisture and weather before and during construction. Aitachment Maximum adhesion or secure attachment of all components in the roofing assembly is necessary for satisfactory long term per formance of the roofing membrane. Adhe sive and/or fastener quantities specified by the manufacturer must be capable of passing a minimum uplift resistance of 40 pounds per square foot (psf). When Building Code requirements dictate a higher uplift resistance than our minimum requirement, additional fasteners or adhe sive will be required over and above the quantities described in the ensuing specifi cations. Solid moppmgs of hot applied bitumen have been found to provide an uplift resistance in excess of 120 psf. Strip moppings of hot applied bitumen have been found to provide an uplift resistance in excess of 60 psf. ' When nails or fasteners are used, they must be nailed through flat tin disks or have sufficiently large heads to prevent fracture or puncture through the roofing felts. The following are the names of some manu facturers who provide nail and/or fastening devices for use with built-up roofing: E/S Products. Inc. New Rochelle. NY Simplex Nail & Manufacturing Corp. Americus. GA ,,. KOPPERS 7 1 'KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Independent Nail Corp. Bridgewater. MA E. G. Building Fasteners Corp. New York, NY Hot applied adhesives or mechanical fasteners are the preferred means of attachment. Koppen wfH not be responsible for any damage caused by or the result of unsatis factory attachment. For further information contactyour Koppers representative. Expansion Joints (Building) Since* all materials expand and contract due to temperature and/or moisture, the use. location, and design of building expansion joints, especially in the roof structure system, should be taken into consideration at the time of original building design. Although provisions for adeouate expansion joints are the'responsibility of the building designer. Koppers offers the following recommendations for the protection of the roofing system -egainst splits caused by expansion and Attraction of the building. Building expansion joints should be installed. 1. On roof areas larger than 200 feet in each direction ,, 2. At all places where the structural supports and roof assembly change direction 3. Where type of adjoining deck materials change Where control or expansion-contraction joints are provided in the structural steel, deck matenal, or deck system, provisions must be made for continuation of this relief through the built-up roofing system. Koppers realizes that in a climate controlled building there may be little or no expansion AFTER the building is in use. however, building expansion joints are still recommended based upon the following points: 1. During construction the building will not be under a steady state'temperature/humidity condition so that thermal and moisture movement can be sufficient to frsctura.the roofing. 2. If no building expansion.joint is provided the owner must keeCvtlVI building at the steady state temperature and humidity con dition at all times, as holiday shut-downs can fracture the roofing due to the move ment of the roof system: resulting from temperature/humidity variation. 3. If the occupancy is fairly large, the sudden entrance on a rainy day of many rain-soaked employees may cause moisture movement n the roof structure system which can fracture the roofing. Water Stoos (TemDorary Protection) Water stops consisting of two (2) plies of tarred felt and mopping of Coal Tar Bitumen extending onto the deck ana insulation at least 6" and 4". snail be applied at tne end of each days work over exposed edges of insulation. These temporary protective missures must be lemoned cJssnty from ttw inatfatton (lop surface and vertical joint) and from the deck to ensure bflftt toautadon jdnss and^beal insulaion surfaces, fmproperhr corrected wafer slops have been dsfarninad as a cause of roof spMs and have presented moisture vapor moesmaaiJo vsnfsd edge detail Cut Offs * " urethane product must be installed direct to the roof deck and a second layer of fiberboard. periite-'board or glass fiber roof insulation installed over-top. The joints of the second layer must not correspond with that of the first. In lieu of the second layer of insulation, a Koppers vented base sheet must be used as the (Permanent Installation) first ply of the membrane. When using otnsr Venting of roof insulation at walls, curbs, eaves, etc. is recommended for all but a few special roof structures. Therefore, cut-offs than Koppers Exettherm Urethane Insulation, consult the manufacturers' literature for specific information. should not be instailedat edges of insulation Wood Nailing Strips adjoining these areas for venting purpose*, i ^ All norwiailabie decks require wood nailing Cut-offs may be installed however, provided stripe at eaves, edgee, walls, roof ODemngs. they are constructed to run-in one direction etc. for proper securement of metal flanges. continuously to vented-edgu and provided Natter* moat be securely and firmly attached no section of the roofing is isolated or blocked from venting. . ' toJfee deck or through to its suooortmg rttjpbefS. Nailer* shall extend not less than Vapor Retarders .. 1* beyond me apron or flange. Vapor retarder* are normally used wham the heat flow direction and/or humidity within the building, during any climatt or Occu pancy cycle. might cauaa the* dew point or condensation to occur under the built-up roofing within the insulation chamber. It is Roofing felts for all deck a/ess having a stdOfrof A* per footer more must be back nefpl -end therefore non-naiiabie decks mutt be furnished with treated wood nailing stripe treated with a material compatible with bituminous roofing.- important that the vapor retarder, when installed, provide a continuous seal, (includ ing ventilators, skylights, peripheral walls, Coid Storage and Freezer Buildings and other terminations) from the source of Koppers will not bond its built-up roofing the water vapor. over these structures if insulation or insula Insulation Insulations come in varying thicknesses and sizes. Should the manner of attachment as suggested conflict with that specified by the individual insulation manufacturer, the insu lation manufacturers specifications shall be followed and in addition, shall be in compli ance with Koppers General Reauirements. Good roofing practice dictates that the fol tion and vaoor barrier is installed over the deck unless there is an adequately ventilated air space between the deck and insulated -refrigerated area. For procedures on non-bonded built-up roofing applications, consult a Koppers representative. When a guaranteed system is required, refer to KMM Specifications. Page 23. iowing ooints be considered when specifying board type roof insulation. 1. The roofing insulation must be kept dry at all times. It must be of a type approved by Koppers for use with a Koppers built-up roof. It should only be applied over a deck com plying with all of Koppers General Require Water Retaining and Retarded Drainage When the roofing system is subjected to common standing water or retarded drain age refer to the Special Applications Section. Page 15. ments. 2. If the roof deck slope is one-half (A) inch per foot or more, the insulation must be able to retain nails or wood nailers must be installed perpendicular to the slope at each course of insulation. Soacmg of nailers must be such that the insulation fits snugly with the nailers but must not be force fitted. Temporary Reefing Temporary roofing specifications are avail able for ail Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen BuiltUp Roofing Systems. Consult your Koooers representative for recommended specifica tions over various type decks for temporary roof construction. Rerooiina Design 3. No more insulation shall be laid at any one Considerations:' time than can be protected by bitumen and During the reroof design and specification felt in case of sudden weather changes. phase, and pnor to commencement of reroof 4. Edges of insulation shall be brought ing work, it is the building owner's responsibil closely together and shall not be forced into ity to have his architectural or consulting place. Where insulation joins vertical sur faced. the insulation shall be cut in a neat manner allowing approximately one-half (A) representative ascertain if the existing roof structure, with the new roof system installed, will meet all local building structural codes. inch clearance. if additional insulation is to be a part of the 5. When more than one (1) layer of insulation new roof system, an evaluation of the dew is used, joints in each layer shall not coin point and its effect on the roofing system cide. All layers shall be parallel to preceding should be determined. layers. Note: Koppers will not be responsible for any Noto: When urethane or urethane composite roof insulation is specified, it must be installed in a double layer apdication The appropnate damage caused by excess loads on structural systems or damage due to rate or change in location of new dew (joint < -j General Application Procedure Application of Bitumens Recommended Weights per 100 sq. ft. (for estimating purposes only) Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Steep Asphalt Average interpiy 25 lbs. 23 lbs. Top Coating 75 lbs. 60 lbs. Average interpiy weights are based on long years of experience m good roofing practice, and taKe into account a reasonable variation m the amount of bitumen absorbed in differ ent substrates, and the type of specification. Moppmgs of bitumen between felts shall be continuous. Fait Shall Not Touch Felt It is generally agreed that maximum strength between layers of felt is achieved by tne thinnest practical glue line of bitumen. Too thin a layer starves the lap. whereas an excessive layer can permit interpiy move ment on sloped roofs. Flood Coat The top pouring is most important, it must be thorough and uniformly covered with specification aggregate embedded into the bitumen while the bitumen is still hot. Recommenced Temperature Limitations: Kettle Temp. Kooper* Coal Tar Bitumen 300~425F Point of Application Temp. 350-400F Steep Asphalt 350-475F 400-450F When roofing bitumens are excessively overheated and/or held for long periods of time, their waterproofing qualities are greatly reduced, and at the same time the volume of fuming is increased, in order to achieve the maximum benefits of low fuming and un equaled waterproofing performance, it is imperative that Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen be heated within the temperature limitations listed above. Close supervision of heating is also good roofing practice for all bitumens, if heat is desired during a holding period at the lobsite while material is not being drawn off and replenished as under normal usage, kettle temperature should be reduced and not permitted to exceed 350F for Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen or 42SF for steep asphalt. The kettle should be full lid closed. These temperatures are applicable to job condi tions and do not apply to holding or storage in kettles in excess of 4 hours. If bitumen is not to be used for periods over 4 hours, the kettle should be shut off. Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen may be contained m 1000 gal. or greater capacity neated and automatically controlled closed vessel tankers at 375F for periods not exceeding 96 hours. Application of Felt Plies of felt must be laid shingle fashion. Where a water flow direction exists, felts should be applied so that the direction of flow is not against the laps. Broom or press all plies of felt into the hot bitumen and lay without wrinkles, buckles or kinks, so that the finished roof is free of pockets or blisters. Each felt ply shall be completely covered with a complete mopping of bitumen. 12 The number of Plies are controlled by vary ing widths of the edge laps. Four-ply (4) roofing, for example, is achieved by lapping each ply approximately twenty-seven and one-half (27%) inches. Koppers felts are marked at the factory with lap lines for this purpose. Except as specifi cally provided for in Koppers specifications, application of felt lapping methods other than shingle fashion will not be permitted. When beginning a membrane roofing instal lation. appropriate width starting strips of felt shall be used at the starting point to achieve the specification ply build-up at that point so that successive felt applications will produce the ply requirements. Overlap ends of all connecting plies of felt (end laps) not less than 10 inches. End stripping or taoing of these laps is not permitted. Application of Koppers Bitumen and Aggregate Surface The final application of Koppers Roofing is a triple weight application of Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen (approximately 75 Ibs./sq.) into which is distributed an approved aggregate while the Bitumen is still hot. Benefits of aggregate surfacing 1. Protection from foot traffic of other trades during construction and afterwards for routine roof maintenance. 2. Weight as additional protection for wind uplift. 3. Reduced surface temperature. 4. Even flow of water to the drains. 5. Fire protection from burning brands. 6. Protect bitumen from the actinic rays of the sun. 7. Most important--by using an aggregate surface, an additional 75 Ib./sq. of Coal Tar Bitumen (the waterproofing agent) is included in the installation. The application of Koppers Coal Tar Bitu men and aggregate must be done at the time the fetts are applied: except in penods of hot. dry weather, when morning dew is not expected, the top surfacing may be delayed overnight. When the specifier desires glaze coating and/or all work to be completed the same working day. he shall be responsible to so state this requirement in nis specifications. The aggregate surfacing must be applied into the top pouring while the bitumen is still hot so that a uniform layer will be embedded and adhered. The completed roof assembly will have a uniform aggregate surface. Depending on slag weights in certain parts of the country 400 lbs. of slag per square may be required. Occasionally on well applied roofs, small black globes known as "raspberries" or "blackberries" will form in the roof surface. These are not detrimental to the roof. Aggregate Surfacing The aggregate to be used should meet the ASTM Specification D1863-64 The basic requirementforthis aggregate are as follows: Sieve Size Tout Passing, Percent X" 100 X" 90-100 X" No. 4 No. 8 Dust. max. pet. Moisture, max. % 40-70 0-15 0-5 0.5 crushed stone and gravel Crushed roofing slag Unit weight (loose) 0.5 5.0 mm. lb. per cubic ft. 60 Note: " .vTM -S'".' S-'t-t-S- Cold weather Application When roofing is applied at temperatures below 45F. special precautions must be taken to insure the satisfactory performance of the finished roof. Before applying roofing, moisture, ice, snow, surface water, etc., must be removed from the deck. Hot applied bitumens tend to congeal rapidly in cold weather Extra care must be taken to set insulation or roofing as quickly as pos sible while the bitumen is still hot. When temperature is below 45"F. felt must be embedded in bitumen while it is still hot and bioomecMn immedtaMy with solid pressure to ensure necessary embedment into bitumen. Do not heat bitumens above the maximum temperature limit listed above to compen sate for rapid ehHIfng. Insulated containers along with carefully timed material delivery methods, must be employed. \C!9 *4?rT'C0r2!^r9S OS'CV** **'" 'eccmme^cec at *r<? cc r* ?.cc zy. z~ ;grt r55w;t *> $S r !'_Tr' tar1 *Z *"t Z' * CCaC? Base Sheet Alternate When substituted for the first ply m a solid moo application specification, the Base Sheet shall be embedded in a solid mopping of Koppers Steep Asphalt followed by thorough brooming to eliminate air pockets, wrinkles, fish mouths, buckles, etc. The remaining three (3) plies of tarred felt shall be solid mopped with Coal Tar Bitumen in accordance with the specification. When rosin sized or sheathing paper is a part of the original specification it shall remain and be applied beneath the Base Sheet. Edge laps shall be 4" and end laps shall be 6" The nailing pattern for the Base Sheet shall be 9" on center through the lap and 2" from the edge lap and stagger-nailed down the center of each sheet on 9" centers. (Note: This is approximately 100 nails per square.) After applying a base sheet as the first ply on the four (4) ply roofing membrane, three (3) additional plies must be installed at once. When applying the additional three (3) plies of tarred felt, lap each ply shingle fashion 24% inches. Each ply must be solid mopped with Coal Tar Bitumen. When specifying the Base Sheet alternate, use tne designation BS as a subscript to the specifi cation number. 210 BS (structural wood fiber deck). Note: If Koppers Asphalt Coated Base Sheet (ASTM 0-2626) Is substituted for the first ply of the Coal Tar Bitumen roofing specifica tions, It must not be left exposed or used as a work surface or temporary roof prior to roof completion. Good roofing practice dictates that the total roofing, membrane be complete the same day. ' Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing Specification No. 210 Supersedes Specs. No. 1. No. 12 KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Nailable decks without insulation: Plywood, wood plank, lightweight insulating concrete, poured and precast gypsum. Slope requirements: %" per foot maximum. Materials Required per 100 sq. ft. of roof area (for estimating purposes) Rosin Sheathing Paper' w ; 3289 5 *"" Tarred Felt (Mopped in Bitumen) Roofing Bitumen (3 moppmgs S 25 lbs. each) Too Pour Coat Surfacing; Slag Gravel Wood Decks only. "Unless otherwise indicated. 1 Ply * zv 3 plies 75 lbs. 75 lbs. 300 lbs. 400 lbs. Procedure 1. General Requirements on Pages 8 through 12 and Flashing Detail Specifica tions on Pages 16 through 20 are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 2. When a vapor retarder and/or roof insula tion are required, install in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and comply with Koppers General Requirements and Special Conditions. Follow Specification No 220 for roofing materials applied to insulation. Application of roofing direct to roof deck: 1. Over the surface of the roof deck install one layer Rosin Sheathing Paper weighing approximately 5 lbs. per 100 sq. ft. Lao each sheet at least two (2) inches and naij suf ficiently to hold in place. (Wood decks only.) 2. . - ' ZZZi'S ZZ?.'-.Z CiSJ ;r ` civ O' = CD.~C i5C~ S^eS! Note; (This is approximately 100 nails per 100 sq. ft) Nail shanks are to be of required length tor max.mum holding power. Lightweight insulating and gypsum roof decks require a base sheet as the first ply. Consult the appropriate deck reauirements listed under General Conditions. 3. Over the entire roof area, aoply three (3) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt lapping plies twenty-four and two-thirds (24%) inches. All laps shall be mopped with Coal Tar Bitumen the full twenty-four and two-thirda (24%) inches, so that in no place shall felt touch felt. 4. On short run slopes, such as on crickets and saddles, one-half inch oer foot or more, nail each sheet of felt six (6) inches from the back edge on twenty-four (24) men centers. 5. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane, a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen, and. while hot. embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet. 13 Koppers Coal Tar Bitumen Built-Up Roofing (Continued) Specification No. 220 Supersedes Specs. No. 5, No. 10, No. 23, No. 17wi, No. 27 Non-nailable decks Precast Concrete. Poured Concrete. Structural Wood Fiber*. Roof insulations: Various Decks. Slope requirements: h" per foot maximum. "\ ------ 1-------------- ........ . Material Required per 100 so. ft. of roof area (for estimating purposes] Tarred Felt (Mopped in Bitumen) Roofing Bitumen (for mopping @ 25 lbs. each) Too Pour Coat Surfacing: Slag Gravel JS 4 plies 100 lbs. 75 lbs. 300 lbs. 400 lbs. NOTE: On structural wood fiber decks, the first ply must be a Koppets coated base sheet set in a solid mopping of steep asphalt (see structural wood fiber, page 10). Procedure General Requirements on Pages 8 through 12 ana Detail Specifications on Pages 18 through 20 are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. When a vapor retarder and/or roof insulation are required, install in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and comply with Koppers General Requirements and Special Conditions.- 1. Mop deck (or insulation--as applicable) completely with Coal Tar Bitumen. 2. Apply over the entire surface four (4) plies of Koppers Tarred Felt, lapping plies twentyseven and one-half (27K) inches. Mop solidly between each 27M inch lap with Coal Tar Bitumen so that in no place shall felt touch felt. 3. On short run slopes of one-half ()$) inch per foot or more, such as on crickets artd saddles, and when the deck permits nailing, nail along back of upper edge of each sheet on twenty-four (24) inch centers. Where deck does not permit nailing, nailing strips are required and each sheet must be nailed along back or upper edge at soacings ro assure penetration of nailers 4. Pour over the entire surface of the roof i n -g membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen, and. while hot. embed not less than four hundred (400) pounds of gravel or three hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one hundred (100) square feet 14 r Special Applications Water Cooled Roofs Design consideration Spray Systems Ponaed Systems ' Water Retaining Roofs When designing a water cooled, water retaining or retarded drainage roof assem bly, certain design criterion must be considered. Process Water Note: 1. Due to the extremely heavy weight loads Retarded Drainage Systems Controlled Flow normally associated with retained water, pour and precast concrete or other heavy load bearing decks must be specified.Wood Discussion or metal decks snould only be considered where ponded or standing water is at a Due to Coal Tar Bitumen's natural resis minimum. tance ro water, it may be utilized in the construction of built-uo roofing membranes that will be expected to hold water over long periods of time. When aoplying a membrane that is required to hold water, follow Spec ification 220 for applications over nonnailable decks (four plies of No. IS Tarred Felt set In solid moppings of Coal Tar Bitu men). Note: The base sheet alternate shall not be used. Note: Decks requiring a base sheet as the first ply of the roofing system are not per mitted for this application. 2. Roof Structure design live loads for this application shall be a minimum of 50 paf and deflection shall not exceed 1/380 of the span, both in addition to the anticipated weight of the water. Insulation joints must be raced in single layer applications. Vapor barriers must be two ply and solid mopped. Use steep asphalt over metal decks. Wood When the root Is water cooled or has been must be. treated to prevent warping (see designed to be continuously wet the top ' wood nailing strips "). surfacing of bitumen and gravel must be applied as follows: 3. At points where water pressure from a spray system may be excessive, the roof c 1. Pour over the entire surface of the roofing membrane a uniform coating of Coal Tar Bitumen While hot. embed not less than surface should be protected with treated board platforms or other suitable construc tion to break force of the wafer. These plat four hunared (4001 pounds of gravel or three forms should be laid on too of the root hundred (300) pounds of slag for each one surface and not fastened to the deck. hunared ! 100) square feet. 4. insulation under a Water Cooled Roof 2. All loose gravel or slag shall be swept from surface and a second uniform pouring of approximately eighty-five (85) pounds of should be of a type which is rigid, dimen sionally staple with high compressive strength. Coal Tar Bitumen shall be applied over the grata) or slag, into which while not. shall be applied a second layer of three hundred (300) pounds of gravel or two hundred (200) pounds of slag for each 100square feet. The entire surface shall 'then oe thoroughly broomed tree from all loose gravel or slag. 5. IT IS MANDATORY THAT THE WATER COOLING SYSTEM BE CLOSED DOWN AND THE ROOF DRAINED PRIOR TO COLD WEATHER. Neither roofing nor the structure will withstand the expansion caused by ice formation. It is advisable to roll the finished surface with a light roller so that aggregate is thoroughly embedded. 3. All flashings will be KMM membrane similar to Specification No. 710 on Page 16 except that a layer of Standard Grade KMM membrane must be installed totally substrate fused pnor to the application of the KMM Aluminum membrane top ply. NOTE: Roots equipped with controlled flow drainage systems do not require the extra top pour and gravel application. KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Material* L 15 XMM5 Aluminum Flashings for uses with Coal Tar Bitumen Membrane Applications Description Flashings are the terminal closures of a roofing system which perform a waterproof ing. and m some systems, a decorative func tion. Flashings must be installed at all intersections formed by vertical surfaces. Their importance cannot be stressed too strongly Water entering the roofing system through flashings can destroy the effective ness of the roofing and insulation. Koppers flashings are an integral part of a Koppers roof. Designed for flexibility. KMM Aluminum flashings will provide many years of service. Flashings should be installed as roofing pro gresses to prevent possible water damage to the insulation and/or deck. General Requirements 1. All surfaces must be dry. frost free, reasonably smooth, clean, ngid and free from debris, loose materials, projections, holes, release agents or other contaminants whicn might cause rupture of the membrane and/or adversely affect the KMM membrane appli cation and performance. Dust shall be re moved from the surface immediately before application of the KMM Flashing system. 2. If bonded/guaranteed flashing is required, it must be installed in conjunction with a Koppers bonded/guaranteed roof and can be bonded/guaranteed for standard penods up to but not greeter than the penod for which the roofing is bonded/guaranteed. To be bonded/guarantaad. flashings must be set at least 10" above the roofing base. 3. Metal work of any description used as flashing or a part of a flashing system is not bondabla and is not included under any flashing bond/guarantee. 4. Cant stnps shall be set firmly into place with mastic or hot bitumen prior to laying roof membrane. 5. Porous walls must be primed with High Pen Pnmer 452 at a rate of Vj-% gal/square. Allow pnmer to dry. (Minimum 4 hours). 8. Comers shall oe lapped a minimum of 6" in each direction.- 7. All metal to which KMM memorane will be fused shall be coated with High Pen Pnmer 452 or KMM Adhesive and allowed to dry before fusion of KMM membrane. 3. T;cce'~^s: "7T cor-f .-- 7* cccDe' .vmAsc-'R * - r C: v - - - f - : <<Y.V Flashing Specification No. 710 Base Flashing For flashing with maximum height of 14" from roof surface For flashing with maximum height of 28" follow Wall Flashing Specification No. 720 (See Page 31) For flashing with a height in excess of 28"folk>w High Wall Flashing Specification No.730 (See Page 31) Application Detail Riggi* to oe Seated Metal Counter Plashing Extend Downward 4" Mm (optional) Prim with Koooers High-PEN Pnmer 452 KMM Aluminum Cant Strip to be Set m Bitumen or Mastic Koppers Built-up Roofing KMM to Extend a Mm of 4 *on to Roofing OecK or insulation Cementitious Type Wall Procedure 1. KMM Aluminum membrane shall be unrolled and cut to desired width and maxi mum length of 11 feet. Note: KMM Aluminum membrane is available in precut rolls 9". 12" and 18" wide by 33' long. Z No. 710 Base Flashing shall be fused in place so that it extends a minimum 4" onto surface of roof and a minimum of 4" above termina tion of roofing membrane on wall. 3. Apply pressure to KMM Aluminum mem brane to obtain maximum contact to surface to which it is applied There shall be no voids under the Base Flashing membrane. It is imperative that complete attachment be obtained to roof surface, roofing membrane 16 over cant and the wall. A small bead of bitumen should be squeezed out at edges. 4. Subsequent stnps of Base Flashing shall be fused in place in the same fashion over lapping preceding stnp 4" Overlap shall be interpty fused to preceding stnp. Pressure shall be applied to surface of lap to insure adhesion. 5. There Shalt be no adhesive used in No 710 Base Flashing application. 6. The flashing must not remain open at the end of the work day 7. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed flashing system at the end of each days work 8. A high quality varnish-base aluminum paint may be applied to any exposed streaks or seams of bitumen. 9. install metal counterflashing as required. 10. Complete the top surfacing of the roofing membrane to the base of the cant strip as may be specified. . Note: Vertical flashing that terminates without use of metal counterflashing, must be stripped with 8" wide KMM Aluminum Membrane totally fused 4" onto the wall and 4" onto the KMM Aluminum Membrane. KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials General information There are numerous Hashing details that have been proven by experience over the years. There are normally a number of acceptable construction details for accomplishing one purpose. The architect should select a detail that best serves the purpose under the various and different conditions concerned with the specific job at hand. In certain cases, slight modifications are necessary to adjust a proven detail to job conditions or one method may serve better than another. The details shown in this manual are some suggestions based on experience. Space limitations prohibit listing many others. Oesign or selection is a responsibility of the architect. Kopoers representatives are available to review flashing details to assist the architect in providing the best details for specific jobs. Parapet/Precast or Poured Concrete Metal Counter Flatting, to be Sealed and 'Tightened with Lead wedges. Flatting Soac. *710 Cant Min. 10" Raised Edge Metal Cap Set m Keepers Flatting Cement Nails spaced 1* from edge of metal stnp and 3* apart through neo prene washers. *" x 8" wood Cam KMM Flatting / Kocpers Roofing Nail 3- O.C. Treated Wood Nailer tad wood Nailer i: Wail Shall be Prepared to Eliminate Water Penetration Through Concrete to Underside of Roofing Parapet/Meta! Curtain Wall Oecarative Wall Cao t Ply KMM Memorane (Std. Grade! Sat in Adhesive or Heat-lused Treated Wood Nailer Fasteners Soaced t" from sags of Metal StriD and 3" Aoart through Neoorene Wasners Relief Joint Provide Slope where Possible Flatting Soec. *710 1 Ply KMM Membrane (Std. Grade! Set in Adhesive or Heat-fused 2" x 10" Min. (Norn.) Mm. 10" Treated Wood Nailer Treated Wood Nailer Fastened to Dock Cant 4' x 4* Equipment Support 1 Ply KMM Membrane (Std. Grade) Substrate Fused Flatting Soec S710 Lag Screw NaobrsnePad Sheet Metal Parapet/Wall Cap Metal Countedlashmg (When Reauiredl Extend Downward 4" Set <n Flashing Cement ,1. _Ply KMM .M.emb,, rane (Std. Grade) Set in Adhesive or Heat-fused Min. 10" Wood Cant 4* x 4' Trs4tsd Wood N4ilert Treeted Wood Nailer Cementitious Wttl 17 Flashing Details (continued) Structural Attacflmant witn watarSaaMag boitmrougn Naopraoa Wasnar) . Naoprana Pad 1 Ply KMM Mamprana (Std. Grada) Substrata Pusad Flawing Spacs. #710 Koppara Rooting Structural Sactton Wald Plata Watartigm Cant Traatad Wood Nailar Surrounding Column Stub Column Attacnad to Structural Framing Future Columns, Sign Supports and Angle Irons At all locations where stub or future columns, sign supports and angle irons are to penetrate built-up roofing, Koppers recoinmends wooden curbed base units with cant strips to be installed to accept KMM flashing systems. Where structural steel section extends beyond "stub" height, metal cap flashing with tight fit to the structural section must be fabricated and continuously welded to the projection to assure a watertight metal cap. Onp Flashing Sat in Koppara Flashing Camant Tumad Down--, Ovar Edgas \ Matai Cap and Claats * * Min Lead Flashing Flange (8" Min J Set in Flashing Cement Strainer Flashing Clamp Koooers i Device and Roofing Loosa Insulation La Curbed Expansion Joint Curb expansion joints are to be flashed in accordance with Koppers specifications for parapet walls. Metal cap must be designed to expand so as not to disturb flashing, it is the responsibility of the designer of the building to provide for adequate expansion ioints. For the protection of the roofing system against splits caused by expansion and contraction. Koppers recommends that an expan sion joint be installed: (1) on roof areas larger than 200 feet in each direction. (2) at all places where the structural supports and roof assembly change direction. (3) where type of adjoining deck materials change. Where control, expansion, or contraction joints are provided in structural steel, deck material, or deck system, provisions must be made for continuation through the roofing system. See (Expansion Joints) Page 11. 18 Roof Drain All roof drains shall be provided with metal roof dram flashing flanges which extend at least 12" beyond drain opening and shall be stripped with felt in accordance with drain detail. All drains should be provided with expansion joint sleeves. The sheet metal flange furnished with the dram must be cemented to the surface of the felt with hot Coal Tar Bitumen or flashing cement. Over the flange apply, with alternate moppings or trowelings. two (2) reinforcing plies of felt so that the first extends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange, and the second not less than six (6) inches. Roof drams must be of a type provided with a wide lead or copper flange. Strainer construction should provide adjustment for meeting variations m roof level or slope. To obtain proper drainage, roof drams should be located at points of lowest expected deflection m roof deck. Note: Special care must be taken to prevent bitumen migration into dram openings. KOPPERSI 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Material* I Roof Vent Koopers does not recommend occasional or spot vents through the roof as the only venting method or a substitute for underside or continuous vented systems. There may be certain instances where spot or mushroom type vents might be deemed advisable by the designer for a new building (eg. at expansion joints for vent relief on long run underside continuous venting systems, etc.) Pitch Pocket Although controversial, the "Pitch PocKet" is one of the most frequently used design details. The sheet metal flange must be cemented to the surface of the felt with hot coal-tar-bitumen or flashing cement. Over the flange apply, with alternate moppings. two (2) reinforcing plies of tarred felt so that the first extends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange and the second no less than six (6) inches. Fill metal pan with hot coal-tar-bitumen or flashing cement. Paint exposed sections of all reinforcing rods with dampproofing paint. Walkways (Treated Wood Walkway) Traffic Pad Roof Opening Curbs extending a nominal 10 inches to 14 inches above roof surface shall be provxled at all openings for skylights, ventilators, expansion joints, etc., to provide tor installation of KMM flashing. Flssmng Specs. *710 Wood Cam 4* x 4' Trsstsd Wood Nsilers 19 Flashing Details (continued) Tapered Cant Fling* width 4" minimum Gravel Stoo Minimum -- i" Heignt Metal Gravel Stoo Set m Koooers Flashing Cement Felt Envelop* Tapered Cant Nails soeced r from edge of metal Itno and 3" apart in treated wood nailing strip. Two Plies of Felt Feathered over Flange in Coal Tar Situmen or Tar Base Cement Taoered Cant Max incline 2" oer foot Roofing Memorane System Flange width 4` Gravel Stoo Minimum i" Heignt Metal Gravel Stop, Set m Koooers Flashing Cement Metal Pitch Oam Set m Koooers Flashing Cement Nails spaced 1" from edge of metal stno and 3' acat in treated wood nailing strip Two Plies of Felt Feathered 'over Flange in Coal Tar Bitumen or Tar Base Cement Taoered Cant Max. incline 2* per foot Roofing Membrane ~' System Treated Wood Nailer Treated Wood Nailer Hanging Gutter Vented Edge Koooers Roofing Two Plies of Felt 'JvXvi' ...... Nam o c, Aporopnat* Nails and Length For Maximum Anchorage Metal Gravel Stoo With *" Flange Bedded m Koooers Flashing Cement Felt Envelop* Set in Min. 4" wide Troweling of Koooers Flashing f Cement fMm. Edge Stno. Nailed 6" O.Cj Hangers. 30* O.C Gravel Stoo netted 1* from inner edge of Flange and 3' 0 C. Flange width 4' minimum r Koooers Rooting Two Plies of Felt Feathered Over Flange in Coal Tar Bitumen or Tar Base Cement --Tapered Cam Maximum [ incline--2* per foot Flange Set in Koppers Flashing Cement Felt Envelop* jOTUjjugU^ Insulation Vapor Berner Treated Wood Nailer W Vent Hole Opening* 18" to 24" O.C. Vent Pipes, Stacks, Flagpoles, and Other Projections Set in Xopoert Flashing Cement All vent pipes. stacks, flagpolea. or other projections penetrating the buiit-uo roofing, whether indicated on drawings or not. must nave a proper metal sleeve flashing with flange, pan flashing with flange or other flanged flashing installed. Behind metal sleeves and beneath the roofing membrane next to deck install a metal bitumen cam as shown in detail. The sheet Set in Koooers Flashing Cement metal flange must be cemented to the surface of the felt with a mopping of hot Coal Tar Bitumen. Over flange apDiy. with alternate moDpmgs. two (2) reinforcing plies of felt so that the first extends not less than three (3) inches beyond the outer edge of the flange and the second not less than six (6) inches. 20 KMM! Membrane Systems Materials and System Description KMM membrane is a versatile, prefabricated sheet of cold-applied roofing and water proofing material. It is designed for applica tion in roofing, reroofing, maintenance roofing, foundations, plazas and various other areas of construction where effective waterproofing is required. . KMM membrane is supplied in two types. KMM Standard Membrane KMM Standard membrane is a five-layer laminate composed of a thick, flexible plastic core protected on each surface by t layer of modified bitumen and an outer film of polyethylene. KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials KMM Aluminum Membrane KMM Aluminum membrane is a five-layer laminate composed of a thick, flexible plastic core which'is protected on each side with a layer of modified bitumen. The too surface is a heavy, embossed aluminum sheet and the bottom surface is a film of polyethylene. is afforded to the KMM surface by other means. KMM Standard membrane is appro priate for use in vertically as well as hori zontally applied waterproofing systems where surface protection is specified. KMM Aluminum membrane is ideally used in roofing systems in which the roof slope is too steep to permit aggregate surfacing, it is also employed in flashing systems. KMM membrane has good elongation prop erties to withstand normal structural move ment when recommended architectural practices are followed, it is suitable for application over most decks and commonly used insulating materials which provide con tinuous support tor the KMM membrane. KMM membrane is simple to install. It results in a completely waterproof system. It is factory-made and orovides a factory-assured quality material of uniform thickness and composition. The function of the bitumen covenng is to serve as a carrier and protector of the central plastic core, to provide the basts for the heat fusion between the sheets and to add to the water resistance of the laminate. The adhesion of the bitumen to the central core is positive and allows enough flexibility to give a floating membraneeffect in service. Product Information KMM Membrane Roll Size Thickneea (nominal) Weight (nominal) KMM Standard Membrane 43* x 33 L.F. 118$o. ft. 107 *q. ft. coverage 160 mile 120 IbaVroll (include* packaging 8 core) KMM Aluminum Membrane 43" x 33 LF. 118so.lt. 107 so. It. coverage 120 milt 95 Ibs./roll (include* packaging 8 core) Both versions of KMM membrane are sup plied m the form of compact, ready-to-apply rolls. Both KMM membranes are designed for use in various roofing and waterproofing applications. KMM Standard membrane, looeely laid, is normally. used in roofing systems which incorporate an aggregate surface or where protection from the atmospheric elements KMM Adhesive A rapid setting, asphalt base adhesive that bonds KMM Membrane to most surfaces. Package Size 5 ?.-s55 ;a- containers. Weight Apprgx 55 ts oer 5 3=..O'- cc^tameancoOO os ge-55 ;a on i---' Stonemat A polyester mat of high burst strength used under stone topping. Rolls ara S' x 450". Color Coatings for KMM Aluminum Membrane Field applied coatings for KMM Aluminum membrane are available in 14 colors. For color selection consult Koppers Master Color Selection Chart 560-L under Koppers Acrylic Emulsion No s. 600 and 610. 21 KMM - Reefing Systsms General Requirements The data contamtd heroin is primarily orientad toward roofing systems. However, much of the information is also applicable for waterproofing systems. Contact your Koppers representative for specific data concerning KMM waterproofing and/or further information pertaining to KMM roof ing systems. KMM Membrane Is not Intended to otter chemical resistance and must not be used on roofs subjected to corrosive or other wise damaging solutions, vapors, etc- Reef Structure System In any building, the performance of the roofing will be affected to some degree by all of the parts of the roof structure system as well as the inside and outside atmospheric environment. Each component should be investigated for its compatibility with each of the others. The roof structure system may include any or all of the following: Outside air conditions Roofing system Peripheral details (flashings) Insulation (if present) Vapor retarder (if present) Structural deck, including sub purlins (supports) Structural framing Air space (if present) Ceiling (if present) Interior air conditions You will find information in this manual pertaining to materials . and application methods other than for KMM roofing. They are offered to assist the designer in estab lishing their normal position in the roof structure system. They should not be con strued as part of the KMM roofing system, as endorsement or as part of the designated specifications, other than to establish a suit able roofing base in the roof structure system. The proper design, specification and posi tioning of the various components of the roof structure system are the responsibility of the building owner or his designer. Any subsequent failures due to either the instal lation or lack of installation will not be Koppers responsibility. General Deck Requirements The deck is the base over which the KMM membrane or insulation and KMM mem brane is applied. Where the term deck is used without reference to insulation, it shall designate the surface over which roofing is to be applied. All decks shall be clean, smooth, dry. rigid and free of debris. Any deck defect shall be corrected before appli cation of roofing. All decks shall be installed in accordance with the deck manufacturer's specifications, and shall be in compliance with Koppers General Requirements. 22 In approving any deck aa satisfactory to receive e KMM system, only the deck sur face la aooepted. It la the reeponslMIty of the buHding designer and the deck manu facturer to provide for expansion and con traction In a manner that will provide a stable base for the KMM membrane, for support of maximum anticipated loads, for secure attachments vertieslty and laterally, and for the selection of the deck material and construction details Including their ability to contain bitumens or adhesives usodfor attachments of the KMM membrane or other components of the system. Koppers will not assume responsibility for deck Tipis* Or am mpst m wmwzRm on Koppift roofs* Tho pacing of conduits, bod hoods, ote*, abovotho roof dock and Mow tho roofing I--T-I--S--(--n nn----3-f*iminwil Lm* INK fwOOtllislwliBPISe All projections or openings in the deck should be completed prior to the sppiication of the roofing, insulate all hot water and steam pipes which project through or are near the surface to be roofed or water proofed. This is to prevent possible damage to the KMM system. Condition of Roof Surfaces to Receive KM.VI Membrane All surfaces must be dry. frost free, reason ably smooth, clean, rigid and free from debris, loose materials, projections, holes, release agents or other contaminants which might cause rupture of the membrane and/ or adversely affect the KMM membrane application and performance. Dust shall be removed from the surface immediately before application of the KMM membrane system, especially from those which incor porate the use of KMM Adhesive to adhere the membrane to its substrate. a. Metal Decks: Decks of this type must also be free from loose rust and oily substances. Deflection should not exceed 1/240 of the span. Decks of this type are not suitable for application of KMM membrane without insu lation being placed between the deck and the KMM membrane. b. Pound Structural Concrete and Pound Gypsum: Where insulation is specified on concrete slopes exceeding T per foot in sulation stops shall be installed to retain insulation in place. Treeted wood insulation stops 2" (nom.) wide, and equal to the thick ness of the insulation, shall be installed to the top of the surface of the deck by means of bolts, screws, or other acceptable fastener, countersunk to be flush with surface of in sulation stop. All concrete and masonry surfaces must be cured, dry and free of loose material. All cracks, holes, voids and open areas shall be wetted with water and then carefully filled with Portland Cement Mortar, struck flush, and permitted to dry. e. Precast Decks (concrete, gypsum): Decks of these types, whether grouted or not. shall oe caulked with Koppers Flashing Cement wmch shall be applied so that the top surface is level and smooth. When KMM membrane is applied directly to deck surface, strip all joints with a 6" layer of felt stopping set in Koppers Flashing Cement, or KMM Standard membrane sub strate-fused. This is recommenced to assist in leveling uneven |omts and to bridge the joint openings, thus providing a better surface lor the roofing system matenals. cL Wood Fiber Decks: KMM Aluminum Mem brane should not be applied directly over wood fiber decks. A coated base sheet set m steep aspnatt must be applied prior to the application of KMM Aluminum Membrane. The base sheet shall be laid unattached prior to KMM Standard application. e. Wood Decks: Plywood shall be exterior grade. All wood shall be well seasoned, dry. and preferably treated. End joints shall nave ade quate bearing. Loose or void knot holes, large cracks, etc., shall be covered with appropriate material. - '"sacs "-5: _s .-. KMM* Aluminum: Not to be applied directly to wood decking. Where specified over wood decks, the wood surface shall be covered as follows: 1. Plywood (V min.) and wood plank (V nominal mm.). a. Starting at the low edge of the deck, nail' an iff* width of No. 15 asphalt felt to the deck. Nail along both lower and upper edges, spacing the nails approximately 18" on centers in staggered fashion.1 b. Coat the top of the starter strip with 2v*-3 gals, per 100 $q. ft. of CP Adhesive (steep asphalt Is an acceptable substitute) When the adhesive is tacky, place a full 36" width of No. IS asphalt felt to completely cover the starter strip keeping the lower edge of the 36" width even witn the lower edge of the starter strip. Broom the felt thoroughly into the adhesive with a stiff bristle brush. Nail the upper part of the first full ply to the deck at 18" intervals4" down from the upper edge and 18" intervals 14" down from the upper edge of the felt. e. Coat the upper 19" of the first ply of felt with 21A-3 gals, per 100 sq. ft. of CP Adhesive. When the adhesive has become tacky, em bed the second ply in the adhesive, lapping it 19" over the first ply. Be sura that tha sacond ply covars all nail htads in the first ply. Broom lower half of felt carefully into adhesive to eliminate wnnkles and fisnmouths. Nail the upper portion of the second ply to the deck in the same manner as the first. Proceed up the slope in this manner lapping each sheet 19" over the preceding sheet. There ahaS be no exposed nail heads in the flnMied fett application. 'Null b* annular mraaoad or nng stunk nails \ J y KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Mattritis d. The one of tne underlying felt shall be nailed to the deck at 9" intervals approxi nnately T in from the end. The end of the overlapping fart shall overlap 6" and shall not be nailed to the deck, but shall be carefully cemented to the underlying stnp making sure mat no nafl heeds are exposed. End laps of any ply shall be staggered at least t from end lap of preceding ply. ALTERNATE METHOD: Base sheet over* lapped 4" at side and 6" at ends, fastened with Berryfast Tapefast System with tape stops over side laps and two stnpe in the field equally spaced. 2. Wood Ptanks: (2" nominal min.). A coated base sheet shall be nailed over wood planks with approximately 100 nails per square or fastened with Berryfast Tapefast System using a tape over 4" overlap of base sheet and two tapes in the field equally spaced. KMM* Standard Membrane: When applied over wood decks, lay a coated base sheet unattached over the deck surface, lapping 4" on side and 6" on end laps. Lightweight Insulating Decks Lightweight insulating decks include light weight aggregate concrete (20 to 40 lbs. per cu. ft. oven dry density), foamed concrete, gypsum and thermosetting asphaltic decks. For any adhered membrane, it is necessary that the ligntweight insulating deck system be capable of venting excess water vapor to the underside. When the KMM Standard Membrane System is used, spot venting through the roofing mem brane or notched perimeter nailers will be adequate to prevent vapor pressure build-up under the membrane. If board-type insulation is to be applied over a lightweight insulating deck, provisions must be made between the deck and the board insulation to prevent deck moisture from affecting the insulation. KMM Aluminum membrane should not be applied directly to lightweight insulating roof decks. Where specified over lightweight insula ting roof decks, provisions must be made between the KMM Aluminum membrane and the deck before the KMM membrane is applied. This deck preparation can be a coated base sheet nailed with approximately 100 approved nails per square. In addition, where KMM Aluminum mem brane is specified, lightweight insulating decks shall have sufficient cohesive strength to provide firm attachment of the roofing to the deck and framing to prevent wind uplift damage or blowoffs. Koooers will not be responsible for any failure of the insulating deck system or for disbonding of the roofing from the surface of the deck. For slopes exceeding 2" per foot refer to sec tion b under 'Conditions of Roof Surface to Receive KMM Membranes' on preceding page. Board Type insulations These insulations come in varying thick nesses and sizes. The insulation manufactur er's specifications shall be followed and. in members. Nailers shall extend not less than addition, shall be in compliance with Koppers 1* beyond the apron or flange. General Requirements. Exeitherm. perlite, and fiberglass insulation boards are approved underlayments for KMM Aluminum and Standard.-: .s:.-?-? : noi .\ccrc:soie-i'CS' V,'V - -- Fq , s:.~ ` z c cers't , s sccic:ic e --Ct' Sia^oarc .vnen cewsr.-e-e : a zza-z ceases--?*: s:c ssc-rr-e:~3'. ce Nailers should be treated to preserve their condition and hence their nail retentive power for the expected life of the roofing. Creosote or oilbom preservatives may affect the roofing they contact and should not be used. Nailers should be pressure-treated with a waterbom preservative such as Wolman* salts or with penta applied in a 'e-e .v '- --"v-um c z ce',s,,v. Fiberboard insulation may be used under KMM Standard only when aNo. IS asphalt fett is laid fooaeover the fiberboard or order KMM Aluminum if the No. 15 asphalt felt is firmly attached witn steep asphalt. Cr-Sj . `zzzir= = : .5= o' ::re' '.ce ;; -5j'5''or$ _ Roofing equipment must be of a t^te.whfcti will not damage the insulation used. Broken or damaged insulation sheets can only be used when the damaged portion is cut out. No more insulation shall be laid in a day than can be protected by KMM membrane in case of sudden weather changes. Edges of insulation shall be brought closely together and shall not be forced into place. Where insulation joins vertical surfaces, the insulation shaft be cut in a neat manner, allowing at least VT clearance, -s-s'.c- -...s:csstacce'-rc _ When mote than one layer of insulation is used, joints in each layer shall not coincide. liquified petroleum gas earner such as the Cation* process. MfeAnan* and C*f/on* ara reentered trademarks of Koooers Company, me. Vvacsrstcqs (Temporary Protection) At the end of each day s work, waterstoos must be installed to protect the insulation or substrate against water penetration. Waterstoos consist of a singlg.pty of KMM membrane (Standard or Aluminum Grade) extending a minimum of 6" beyond the ter minal edge of the insulation. The-leading edge of the membrane is then substratefused to the deck and top-seeled, water stoos should be continuous and tight. These temporary protective measures must be detached cleanly when work is resumed. KMM Membrane must be removed from the deck back to the top of the insulation. All layers shall be perafiet,tO preceding layers^Cc.d Storage and When applying KMM Aluminum over rigid insu--ajfreS26r Buildings lation board on roofs with less than 2" per foot slope, all insulation jointsshall be taped with6" wide (min.) asphalt felt, reinforced kratt paper tape, or glass fiber roofing tape, embedded in KMM Adhesive (iv> gats/square) or steep asphalt. When taping is required, insulation KMM roofing systems may be used in cold storage and freezer building applications: with or without a ventilated air space between the deck and the insulated refrigerated area. For specific recommendations, consult your local Koppers representative. joints should be laid continuous to facilitate taping. This procedure also appliesto top layer Aitschment of Deck and of multi-layers of insulation. Insulation Comoonents Vapor Retarder Where attachment of insulation is required in Vapor retarders are normally used where the heat flow direction and/or humidity within the building, during any climate or occupancy theee specifications, adhesive and/or fasteners must possess a minimum uplift resistance of 40 pounds per square foot (psf). cycle, might cause moistureto migrateupward necommended method* of attachment of into the insulation chamber.Un importantthat :~fntu!i&n to it* substrate include not bitu the vapor retarder provide a continuous seel men and cotd-appNed adhesives. Suitability of around ventilators, skylignts. peripheral walla. - the kind of eaachment * dependent upon and other terminations from the source of the- the type of insulation and its substrate. This water vapor. - should be investigated by the specifier along with the various requirements, including Other Requirements wind upBff resistance, as described in the Materials Protection Although KMM membrane is waterproof in the roll, good practice dictate* that it should be protected when stored outside by raised platforms and adequate cover. In cold tem perature periods, inside warm storage above 40*F is necessary prior to use. Wood Nailing Strips All non-nailable decks require wood nailing stnps at eaves, edges, walls, roof openings, local building code and/or policies of the insurance agencies involved. Where it is not possible to attach insulation with hot or cold adhesive. Koppers will accept the use of mechanical fasteners providing insulation manufacturer recom mendations are followed, and the fastener is one of the following: Oekfast/Grefco Psrmo-fastener/GAF Gaftite/ FABCO Insul-Fjxx Type-P etc., for proper securing of metal flanges. Nailers must be securely and firmly attached to the deck or through to its supporting 23 KOPPERSGeneral Terminology and Reroofing Application 7.1/KOP Information Architectural and Construction Materials Terminology Heat Fusion Heat fusion is a general term used to describe specific methods of adhesion of one layer of KMM membrane to another surface. In the process of heat fusion, the bitumen of the membrane is heated with a direct flame until it is plastic enough to flow under pressure. When pressure is immedi ately exerted to this softened bitumen, it fuses to the surface to which it is applied. Specific types of heat fusion are described below. It snould be noted that the external plastic film present will break and draw apart with the proper application of the flame. Substrata fusion is the specific type of heat fusion used to secure the KMM membrane film to a substrate. The underside of the KMM mem brane is heated until plastic. The heated under side is then quickly pushed or forced against the substrate surface so that a slight "run-out" of bitumen from beneath the edge of the mem brane is observed. A4"-wide fused seal is to be obtained. Interpty fusion is the specific type of heat fusion used to obtain a waterproof seal between two overlapping sections of KMM membrane, in practice, the flame is applied simultaneously to both surfaces of KMM membrane until each becomes plastic. For KMM Aluminum membrane end laps, heat the bottom of the overlapping section until it becomes plastic while simultaneously heat ing the aluminum surface of the m-piace KMM membrane. The two surfaces are pressed together to form a fused lap or seam of at least 4" m width A slight "run-out" of bitumen from the lap joint is to be obtained. Top sealing is the specific type of heat fusion used to make the second seal at substratefused and mterply-fused joints. It Is applicable only to KMM Standard membrane. Top sealing is accomoiisned by heating a 2" to 3" section at the edge of the top sheet until plastic. To devel op a smooth, continuous filled joint, move the softened bitumen from the top sheet over :.-e - -i-::-; *;.acsec-lei-pranewitha roundnosed trowel. Heat fusion equipment -e:c:--e-nec e:.c--e" 'Z' '^smg KX1M aps 3 '"e - = '1 -t*:- A roundnosed bricklayer's trowel, such as Marshalltown Trowel Co. No. 48 gauging trowel, is recommended for sub strate fusion, mterply fusion and top sealing. KMM Aluminum Interply Fusion The watertight lap is obtained on Aluminum KMM membrane by the heat-fusion attachment of the upper sheet to the exposed 4" selvage edge on the lower sheet. Z.-.'-izz -= --.a--- During interply fusion of this lap. a bitumen bead shall be forced from between the mated edges which is then covered by tne aluminum extension tab on the upper ply of KMM A slight heating of the edge of the upper aluminum surface while pressing with a trowel will also be beneficial in obtaining a uniform waterproof bond. Bituminous Aggregate Topping (BAT) BAT consists of a combination of graded gravel and KMM aggregate binder. See Page 26 for complete descnption. Recommended quantity of gravel is 650 to 700 lbs. per square (approximately %" to V thickness). Loose Aggregate Topping Loose aggregate topping consists of a stone aggregate applied loose over the KMM mem brane at a minimum rate of 1.000 lbs persquare (approximately 1W thickness of loose stone). Note: Slag, sc: --estc^e anq c'usrec qqrai 3ie -~c: ce'miss.o.e aggregates Reroofing Specification* RerooAng Oesign Considerations: Dunng the reroof design and specification phase, and pnor to commencement of roofing work, it is the responsibility of the building owner to have his architectural and/or struc tural consultant ascertain if the existing roof structure with the new roof installed will meet all local building codes, including structural limitations. If additional insulation is to be part of the reroof, an evaluation of the dew point location and its effect on the roofing system shall be determined by the owner. Note: Koppers will not be responsible for any damage caused by excess loads on structural systems or damage due to rate or change in location of dew point. Conditions of Surface to Receive KMM Membrane a. Gravel Surfaced Roofs: Remove loose gravel and repair any existing blisters, buckles, etc. Apply a minimum %" insulation in an approved manner prior to application of KMM Membrane. b. Smooth Surfaced Roofs: Remove or repair, as necessary, any blisters or other abnormality of the existing membrane to give a surface which is free of sharp edges prior to the appli-' cation of KMM membrane. Repairs must be made with layer of Standard KMM membrane substrate-fused and top sealed at the edges. Prior to applying KMM Adhesive for KMM Aluminum Membrane application, prime roof surface with Hi-Pen 452 Pnmer at the rate of approx. % gallon per 100 ft1 c. Moisture in the Existing Roof: Aluminum KMM membrane (Specification No. 630) is always adhered to the substrate. It is not recommended for application directly over roofs which contain moisture without taking precautions to allow venting of the entrapped water vapor KMM Standard membrane (Specification Nos. 610. 620 and 690) is loosely laid and ballasted by an aggregate .topping. This system will tolerate dampness in the substrate and. de pending upon the existing situation, extra precautions may be required such as spot or perimeter venting Note: For recommendations regarding specific precautions to be taken, see your local Koppers sales representative. 25 Loose Aggregate Topping and BAT Installation Information Loose Aggregate Top Surfacing for Specification 510 A. Aggregate: Either smooth gravel, crushed aggregate or stone, graded to X" nominal size (S.P No. 57--U.S. Deoartment of Commerce Simpli fied Practice Recommendation R-163). See "Aggregate Size Table" below. B. Application: 1. Stonemat must be installed pnor to aggre gate surfacing, : 5.:c-z- - - - i-z 2. Over the Stonemat. apply loose aggregate at the rate of 1000 IDs. mm. per sq. (approx. W thickness of loose stone). X Aggregate application by gravel buggy is recommended. Slag is not a permissible aggregate. Keepers Bituminous Aggregate Topping (3AT) --Top Surfacing fer Specification 620 BAT looping consists of graded gravel and KMM Aggregate Binder. The BAT is apolied to the roof as topoing at the rate of 650 to 700 lbs. Der square (aooroximately X" to i" thickness). A. Materials KMM Aggregate Binder was formulated for binding the specified aggregate applied over KMM Standard roof systems to protect the KMM membrane. KMM Aggregate Binder is not intended for use as an adhesive or repair material. Binder should be kept in warm storage during cold weather. Aggregate: The gravel aggregate is to be clean and size graded to nominal X" round gravel. (This is equivalent to S.P. No. 8-- U.S. Department of Commerce Simplified Practice Recommendation R-163). B. General Application InatraetkmB Preparation: 1. BAT it applied when the KMM roofing and flashing applications are complete. 2. Roof surface must be free of ponded water. 3. Lay No. 15 - '---='7 -- asphalt felt loosely over KMM Membrane prior to BAT topping. Application of BAT Topping: BAT is applied in three steps resulting in a protective topping weighing 650-700 pounds per square. The steps are as follows: spray equipment. Keep KMM Aggregate Binder at room temperature pnor to pumping during cold weather. 3. An additional layer oi aggregate is men applied over the binder at the rate oi 200-225 lbs. per 100 sq. it. to achieve a finished surface. Aggregate application by gravel buggy is recommended. Heavy accumulations of aggre gate should be evenly distributed. Wooden or steel implements should not be used. - - =.CC ..-2 V.'\: - i = 3 ' Zr' py/sr Stores -r.~ -- -.e.g*: 3 'ZZl :$ A. Acolication: 1. Gravel aggregate is applied at the rate of 450-475 lbe. per 100 sq. ft on the No. 15 feft Aggregate application by gravel buggy is recommended. 3. .'.iomtenance. X KMM Aggregate Binder should be stirred thoroughly until the material is of uniform consistency. KMM Aggregate Binder is spray ed on the aggregate at the rate of approxi mately 3 gallons per 100 sq. ft using suitable Aggregate Size Table Grading Requirements for Coarse Aggregates from ASTM Standard C 33--Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregate Use Size *8 in making Bituminous Aggregate Topping (BAT). Use Size #57 for Loose Aggregate Topping. Size Number 57 8 Nominal Size (Sieves with Square Openings) 1 m. to No. 4 (25.0 to 4 75 mm) X in to No 8 19.5 to 2.36 mm) IX m. (37.5 mm) 100 Amounts Finer then Each Laboratory Sieve (Square Openings), Weight Percent 1 in. (2S.0 mm) Kin. (19.0 mm) Mki. (12.5 mm) Xm. (9.5 mm) No. 4 (4.75 mm) No. 8 (2.36 mm) 95 to 100 25 to 60 OtolO Oto 5 -- -- 100 85 to 100 10 to 30 Oto 10 No. 16 (1.18 mm) _ Oto 5 26 KMMs Roofing Systems KOPPERSArchitectural 7 1/KOP .Loose A. ggregat,e _Toppi.ng S_ yst, em S_ pec.if.ic.a.t.ion .N. o. S_, 10_ Construction Materials Bituminous Aggregate Topping (3AT) System Specification No. 620 General information A. Prior to beginning installation of the KMM roofing system, substrates shall be inspected by ttm roofing contractor for dryness, smooth ness. rigidity and freedom from aeons. An projections end holes which might cause rupture of the membrane ire to be repaired. Review "Conditions of Surface to Receive KMM Membrane". Page 22. - End taps of KMM Standard membrane shell be staggered minimum of 6". Interply fusion ofend lap shall becompleted before fusing sidelap of the seme sheet Procedure General Requirements on Page 21 through 26 and Flashing Detail/Specifications on pages 30 through 32 are a pan of this spect* fication and must be adhered to where applicable. 1. Prior to starting the application of the roofing membrane, cushioning or stripping layers of Standard Grade KMM membrane shall be applied in areas of potentially high stress or sharp edges. These areas include interior and exterior comers, major changes in directions of slope, metal flanges, etc. Cushioning layers Shan be applied prior to the main KMM membrane system and shall be fused in place or embedded in KMM Ad hesive. and then top seeled to form a smooth transition surface. ' - 2. Determine the direction of water drainage and the low point of the deck. The direction of taps shall be such that the water flow not against the laps. The direction of the over lap shall be changed as the direction of the weter flow changes. . The sefvage edge of KMM Standard mem brane Shan be poaitianed on the high side so the dilation of tti|. flow of watar e not against the lap. K " ' 3. Beginning at the low point of the roof slope, install one ply of Standard Grade KMM membrane. The membrane shall be laid in a fashion whicn does not cause water to pass against the lap. 4. Each sheet of KMM membrane shall be set in place and shall be stretched to remove any wrinkles. 5. All side and end laps shall be 4" and interpiy-fused and top-seeled. Pressure shall be applied to top of lap to insure solid fusion. 6. Substrate-fuse and top-seal the KMM membrane to the substrate at all penetrations of the substrate. 7. Extend the KMM Standard roofing mem brane a minimum of 4" above all cants. Substrate-fuse to face of cant and wall, and top-seal along the upper terminal edge. When fusing KMM to wood or other matenals that easily bum. apply torch to KMM onty and press KMM into place. 8. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect completed KMM membrane at the end of each day's work as well as just before appli cation of toppings. 9. Install KMM Aluminum flashings in accor dance with flashing specification described on Paget 30 to 32. 10. When the flashings have been completed, lay Stonemat to completaly cover KMM that will receive loose aggregate or No. IS *:- cs1 `z'z:e z asphalt felt when BAT is used, install a loose aggregate over Stonemat or bituminous aggregate topping over No. 15 c iic-i felt. Refer to Page 26 for topping information. C. Any KMM Standard membrane which will not otherwise be covered by e topping shall be protected with a layer of Aluminum KMM membrane extending a minimum of 4" beyond the edges of the unprotected membrane and substrate-fused around its perimeter. Specific details of the installation must be agreed upon between the architect and Koppers prior to installation. KMM membrane should be carefully unrolled at material temperatures below 40F At these temperatures, warm storage pnor to use will improve handling and flexibility. Do not apply when material temperature is below 32* F or on frosty surfaces. Store KMM Adhesive at temperatures above 40*F. E. Coat face of fiber cant strip with KMM Adhesive (approximately 2 gals/square) and allow to dry before fusing KMM roofing mem brane to cant F. At the end of each day's work, temporary waterstops must be installed to protea them from water penetration. Waterstops must be completely removed before continuation of application. See Page 23. Gu Prime porous walls with High Pen Pnmer 452 at the rate of gal/square. Allow to dry. H. For reroofing information, refer to Page 25. ' Materials i per 100 sq. ft. of roof* i KMM Membrane (Standard) . Stonemat or No. 15 \ : Aspnait Felt i Surfacing* , Loose Aggregate i BAT System i -i.-?' S :"t5 Slope requirements: 1" per foot maximum with loose aggregate 1 ply topping, iv per foot maximum with BAT topping. ` -3'-.- -- ==.=- 1 ply 1.000 lbs. min. 650 lbs. min. 27 Specification No. 630 Procedure General Requirements on Pages 21 through 26 and Flashing Detail/Specifications on Pages 30 to 32 are a part of this specification and must be adhered to where applicable. 1. Prior to starting the application of the roofing membrane, cushioning or stnpping layers of Standard Grade KMM membrane shall be applied in areas of potentially high stress or sharp edges. These areas include interior and extenor comers, major change* in directions of slope, metal flanges, eta Cushioning layers shall be applied prior to the mam KMM membrane system and shall be fused in place or embedded in KMM Adhesive, and top-sealed to form a smooth transition surface. . 2. Determine the direction of water drainage and the low point of the deck. The direction of laps shall be such that the water flow is not against the laps. The direction of thi' overlap shall be changed as the direction of the water flow changes. The selvage edge of the Aluminum KMM membrane shall be fjositioned on the high side so that the direction of the flow of water is not against the laps.3 3. Starting at the low point of the deck, set the KMM Aluminum membrane into a full bed of KMM Adhesive (application rate of 1 to i'A gal. per square)* before the adhesive becomes dry to the touch. Stiff broom thoroughly moving broom from center to edges of membrane to obtain proper adhesion and to remove all entrapped air from under the membrane. 4. Subsequent courses are to be laid with 4" end and side laps, from the first course pro gressing to the high point. Allow laps to remain open as long as possible before fusing. End lap shall be mterply fused pnorto interply fusing of the side lap of the same sheet. Pressure Shalt be applied on the top of the lap to insure solid fusion. 5. Extend the KMM Aluminum roofing mem brane a minimum of 4" above all cants. Substrate fuse to face of cant and wall. When fusing KMM to wood or other materials that bum easily, apply torch to KMM ooty and press KMM into place. 6. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed KMM membrane at the end of each day's work and when the job is finished. 7. Install KMM Aluminum Bashings in accor dance with flashing specifications descnbed on Pages 30 to 32. 8. After completion of the Aluminum KMM roof and flashing system, a high quality vamish-base aluminum paint may be applied to any exposed streaks or seams of bitumen. General Information A. Prior to beginning installation of the KMM roofing system, substrates shall be inspected by the roofing contractor for dryness, smooth ness. rigidity and freedom from debris All projections and holes which might cause rupture of the membrane are to be repaired Review "Conditions of Surface to Receive KMM Membrane". Page 22 B. End laps of KMM Aluminum membrane snail be staggered a minimum of 6" interply fusion of end lap shall be completed before fusing side lap of the same sheet. C. KMM membrane should be carefully unrolled at material temperatures below 40 f At these temperatures, warm storage pnor to use will improve handling and flexibility Do not apply when material temperature is below 32* F or on frosty surfaces. Store KMM Adhe sive at temperatures above 40 F. D. Coat face of fiber cant stripe with KMM Adhesive (approximately 2 gals/square) and allow to dry before fusing KMM roofing mem brane to cant E. Prime porous walls and decks to which KMM Aluminum or KMM Adhesive will be applied, using High-Pen Primer 452 at the rate of M gal/square. Allow to dry. F. Valleys of roofs sloped T per foot or more shall have a layer of KMM Standard applied prior to application of KMM Aluminum. KMM Standard shall be set in KMM Adhesive (t'A-2 gals/square) and top-sealed. KMM Standard shall extend a minimum of 12" up the roof slope and 6" up vertical surfaces. Laps shall be 4" at side and end laps, mterply-fused and top-sealed. Q. Leave laps of KMM Aluminum membrane open and delay fusion as long as possible. Be certain that all laps are fused before leaving job for the day. H. At the end of each day's work, temporary waterstops must be installed to protect from water penetration. Waterstops must be com pletely removed before continuation of application. See Page 23. I. KMM Adhesive can be applied by brush, roller, or squeegee. Do not thin adhesive. Mix thoroughly. J. KMM membrane shall be set into adhesive while adhesive is still tacky. K. Adhesive application to porous insulation boards will require approximately 50% more than the specified amount of adhesive. L. For reroofing information, refer to Page 25. Materials Slope Requirements per 100 sq, ft. of roof , Zi-`zc-- ::s.- -::r < ; KMMAdhesive KMM Membrane (Aluminum) i-i}4gal.* 1 ply r ~~~ 'Depending upon the porosity of the roof deck or insulation, additional KMM Adhesive may be required 28 KMM* Insulated Roof Membrane Assembly KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials r Specification No. 690 4. Aggregate Surfacing After placement of STYROFOAM RM. install Stonemat over insulation and immediately place aggregate over Stonemat. At roof perim eter. Stonemat shall extend a minimum of 6" beyond edge of foam. Aggregate snail comply with ASTM C-33 Size Number 57 or V," crusned stone. Apply the aggregate at the rate of 1000 lbs. per square (10 PSF). As a general rule. *" stone at 1000 lbs. per square will be approximately 1V" thick. Concrete pavers may be substituted for the stone to provide added usefulness to the roof are# and to provide resistance to extreme winds. Pavers must sit on pedestals. Decora tive stone top surfacing of the correct gradation can be used for architectural impact. General Information 1.Heat Transmission Data Thermal value of STYROFOAM brand plastic foam insulation. Average values oased on live year aging of one inch samples at 75* F when tested by ASTM C177 and/or C518. Not#: The following general specification is intended only as a guide. For more specific information, consult your Koppers represen tative. Procedure . General Requirements on pages 21 to 26 are a oart of this specification and must be adhered 10 where applicable.1 1. Decks . A. Poured and precast concrete, gypsum and hgntweignt concrete decks shall nave KMM Standard Membrane (aid directly on the deck following guidelines on page 22. B. Wood and wood fiber decks snail have a case sheet laid over deck unattached to the deck C. Steel Decks shall be no lighter than 22 gauge. Install a ngid board of V min. gypsum or V min mineral board. Be certain thick ness of insulation board is adequate for flute scan. V gypsum board shall be firmly at tached to deck with steep asphalt at the rate of 15 lbs per square, cold adhesive as per manufacturer's instructions, or mechanical fasteners approved by Koppers. Minimum of four fasteners per board is required and shall be located at the comers. 12' from the edges. Rigid board V or thicker shall be attached with steep asphalt, cold adhesive, or two approved fasteners per board, or may be laid loose. 2. KMM* Standard Membrane Application KMM* Standard Membrane shall be applied as per KMM Roofing System Specification No. 610. Flashing shall be in accordance with appropriate KMM Flashing Specification. 3. Installation of Styrofoam RM* Brand Plastic Foam It is recommended that STYROFOAM RM brand plastic foam be placed on the membrane as the membrane is completed. Install the boards CHANNELED SIDE DOWN with closed joints: stagger end |oints. The maximum acceptable opening on a random basis is tt". Install the foam to within to " of projection and cant stnps. WARNING: STYROFOAM brand insulation is combustible and may constitute a lire hazard if improperly used or installed. It should be adequately protected. Use only as directed by the specific instructions for this product. STYROFOAM brand insulation contains a flame retardant additive to inhibit accidental ignition from small fire sources. Dunng ship ping. storage, installation and use. this material should not be exposed to open flames or other ignition sources. For proper protection of STYROFOAM brand plastic foam in storage, consult the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) standards or the authority having junsdiction. ; Materials per 100 sq. ft of roof | KMM Standard j Styrofoam RM l Stonemat | Aggregate 1 ply Desired Thickness 1 Ply 1000 lbs. minimum Slope Requirements 2" Maximum Positive drainage is required. TWcknm i IV, I'/, IV, 2 2'k 3 3V, "R* 5.00 6.25 7.50 8.75 10.00 12.50 15.00 1750 -c- 0.20 0.16 0.133 0.114 0.10 0.08 0.067 0 057 2. Exposed STYROFOAM RM is subject to yellowing due to direct radiation of sunlight. If STYROFOAM RM is exposed for longer than 3 weeks it is necessary for a Koppers repre sentative to authorize continuing the instal lation. 3. Roofs must be designed and constructed to dram completely free of water within 48 hours following a rain. Due to the deflection of steel decks, it is almost always necessary to provide slopes to properly placed drams. The dram must be set directly on the deck so that the clamping nng is not higher than the rigid board. Sumps are recommended. 4. All flashing must be completed in each area prior to installing STYROFOAM RM. 5. Because the stone is not applied in bitumen it need not be dry and installation can occur in any weather. 6. The wood or plywood deck must be properly attached to supporting members and must be of sufficient thickness to prevent excessive deflection between .supporting members Wood roof decks shall consist of well-seasoned lumber, and edges of the board shall be tongued and grooved, ship-lapped or splined to prevent differential flexing of the boards. Any significant voids shall be covered with sheet metal. Trademark of the Dow Chemical Company 29 XMM Flashing Specifications KOPPERS 7 1 KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Description Flashings are the terminal closures of a roofing system which perform a waterproof ing, and in some systems, a decorative function Hashings must be installed at all intersections formed by vertical surfaces. Their importance cannot be stressed too strongly Water entering the roofing system througn flashings can result in water vapor forces which can destroy the effectiveness of the roofing and insulation Koppers flashings are an integral part of a Koppers roof Designed for flexibility. KMM Aluminum flashings will provide many years of service. Flashings should be installed as roofing progresses to prevent possible water damage to insulation and/or deck under the roofing. Genera! Requirements 1. All surfaces must be dry frost free, reasonably smooth clean, ngid and free from debris, loose materials, protections, holes, release agents or other contaminants which might cause rupture of the membrane and/or adversely affect the KMM membrane abdi cation and performance Dust shall be removed from the surface immediately before application of the KMM Flashing system 2. if bonded/guaranteed flashing is required, it must be installed m conjunction with a Koppers bonded/guaranteed roof and can be bonded/guaranteed for standard penods up to but not greater than the penod for which the roofing is bonded/guaranteed To be bonded/guaranteed, flashings must be set at least 12" above the roofing surface. 3. Metal Cap flashings are not bondable and are not included under any flashing bond/guarantee. 4. Metal work of any descnption used as flashing or a part of a flashing system is not bondable and is not included under any flashing bond/guarantee 5. Vertical flashing that terminates without use of metal counterflashing, must be stripped with 8" wide KMM Aluminum Membrane totally fused 4" onto the wall and 4" onto the KMM Aluminum Membrane. 8. Cant stnps shall be set firmly into place with mastic or hot bitumen poor to laying roof membrane 7. Porous walls must be primed with Hign Pen Pnmer 452 at a rate of Vi-1/, gal/souare Allow pnmer to d/y tMimmum 4 nours) 8. Corners shall be lapped a minimum of 6" in each direction 9. All metal to which KMM membrane will be fused shall be coated with High Pen Primer 452 or KMM Adhesive and allowed to dry before fusion of KMM memorane 10. Where KMM flashing is to be installed on a building with a non-wall-supported deck (tilt slab precast, masonry, curtain wall, etc.) refer to Non Wall Support flashing detail on page 32 11. -..5- -5' :c~t - ; ; Flashing Specification Mo. 710 Base Flashing ror flashing with maximum height of 14" from roof surface Application Detail .h Raggie to M Sealed _p, t 1 C 2 \ - 5^ ^ ME4"xetMteanmldCOo'.uoonwpttneiowrnFaalrlad)shing 4" L Il ft HPrigimhe-PwEiNth PKnomoDeerr4s52 4t' Wf v KMM Aluminum mat i t IT > CBaitnutmSetnriportoMoaestSicet m EA Koooers KMM I fi \ fa MKUMmM-o-ft-o4-"E-o-xnt.etJnodRaoofing `-- Oeckorinjulalion Procedure 1. KMM Aluminum membrane shall be unrolled and cut to desired width and maxi mum length df 11 feet. Note: KMM Aluminum membrane is available in precut rolls 9". 12" and 18" wide by 33' long. 2. No 710 Base Flashing shall be fused in piace so that it extends a minimum 4" onto surface of roof and a minimum of 4" above termination of roofing membrane on wall. 3. Apply pressure to KMM Aluminum mem brane to obtain maximum contact to surface 30 to which it is applied. There shall be no voids under the Base Flashing membrane. It is imperative that complete attachment be obtained to roof surface, roofing membrane over cant, and the wall. A small bead of bitumen snould be squeezed out at edges 4. Subsequent stnps of Base Flashing shall be fused in place in the same fashion over lapping preceding stop 4" Overlap shall be mterply fused to preceding strip Pressure shall be applied to surface of lap to insure adhesion 5. There shall be no adhesive used in No 710 Base Flashing application 8. The flashing must not remain open at the end of the work day . 7. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed flashing system at the end of each day's work 8. A high quality varnish-base aluminum paint may be applied to any exposed streaks or seams of bitumen 9. Install metal counterflashing as required 10. Complete the top surfacing of the roofing membrane to the base of the cant strip as may be specified. HOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Flashing Specification No. 720 Wail Flashing For flashing with maximum height of 23" from surface of roof Procedure 1. Apply 8ase Flashing in accordance with Flashing Specification No 710. 2. KMM Aluminum membrane used in No. 720 Wall Flashing specification shall be unrolled and cut to a maximum length of 11 feet and maximum width of 18 mcnes. Selvage edge should not be used. Note; KMM Aluminum membrane is available in precut rolls of 9". 12" and 18" wide by 33" long. 3. KMM Aluminum membrane strips shall be fused into place, overlapping Base Flashing 4" Total substrate fusion to the wall must be achieved. 4. Apply pressure to the fused KMM Alumi num membrane to obtain maximum contact to the wall There shall be no voids under the Wall Flashing membrane It is imperative that the membrane is completely and tightly fused to the wall A small bead of bitumen should be squeezed out at edges S. 4" overlap shall be mterply fused to the Base Flashing, applying pressure to the surface of the lap to insure adhesion 8. Subsequent stnps of KMM Aluminum membrane shall be fused into place over lapping the preceding Wall Flashing 4" Overlap shall be mterply fused and pressure applied to the surface of the lap to insure adhesion. 7. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed flashing system at the end of each day's work. 8. A high quality varnish-base aluminum paint may be applied to any exposed streaks or seams of bitumen. 9. Install metal counterflashmg as reauired. 10. Complete the top surfacing of the roofing membrane to the base of the cant strip as may be specified. Flashing Specification No. 720 High Wall Flashing For flashing with a height in excess of 28" from surface of roof Procedure 1. Apply Base Flashing in accordance with Flashing Specification No. 710. 2. KMM Aluminum membrane used for High Wall Flashing shall be unrolled and cut into lengths not exceeding 48" Remove the selvage edge, leaving a maximum width of 39". 3. Apply KMM Adhesive over surface to which the High Wall Flashing is to be applied at a rate of 1 to Vh gallons per TOO square feet, applying half on pnmed wall and naif on unaerside of membrane Permit volatiles to leave adhesive after abdi cation (5 to 20 minutes depending on temperature and atmospheric condition) BEFORE adhesive has filmed over and while still tacky to the touch, set KMM Aluminum membrane into place. Hole: At temperatures below 40 F tack time of adhesive will be extended considerably and special care must be exercised to insure adhesion of membrane. 4. Each piece pt KMM Aluminum membrane snail be applied with the 48" maximum length extending vertically up the wall. It shall overlap the previously applied course of Base Flashing or HighWall Flashing a minimum of 4" 5. Rub. brush or roll thoroughly to obtain proper adhesion and to remove all entrapped air from under the flashing membrane. 6. Substrate fuse complete perimeter of each piece of Wall Flashing 4" to wall, ano mterply fuse to previously applied High Wall and/or Base Flashing 7. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed flashing system at the end of each day's work .8 A high quality varnish-base aluminum paint may be applied to any exposed streaks or seams of bitumen 9. Install metal counterflashing as required 10. Complete the top surfacing of the roofing memprane to the base of the cant strip as may be specified. Alternate Method No V. . Alternate Method No. .* . is* '; : ': 31 KMM Flashing Details (continued) Flashing Specification No. 780 Horizontal Flashing Procedure 1. All metal to be covered with KMM Mem brane shall be coated with High Pen Primer 452 or KMM Adhesive. Allow to dry thoroughly. 2. Strip metal flanges using 4" minimum widths of KMM Standard membrane as a cushioning Strip centered along the length of the entire edge of the flange. The cushion ing must cover the edge of the metal where it meets the looting membrane a minimum of 2" and must cover all nail heads. The balance of the width of the cushioning strip must extend a minimum of 2" onto the roofing membrane. Cushioning strio shall be fused to the roofing membrane and the metal flange and top sealed at edges. 3. Fuse a stnp of KMM Aluminum membrane (approximately 10" wide) to the cushioning stnp. roofing membrane, and metal flange so that it extends 4" beyond edge of cushion ing stnp onto roof membrane and to the outer edge of metal flange 4. Apply pressure to surface of fused KMM membrane to insure adhesion and solid fusion 5. Apply surfacing to root membrane as may be required. Hanging Gutter Refer to Specification No. 760 KMM Aluminum Membrane KUU Asphalt Standard RfM: KMM Standard Membrane .Cushioning Substrate* fused Metal brae* 30' O.C. \ Hatch--Curb--Expansion Joint Tooomg as Required Substrate-fused Subetrate-fused KMM Aluminum Membrane tnterply-fused ' KMM Standard Membrane Substrete-fused interofy-fused Gutter- N^lnsulationJ Treated wood nailer Non Wall Support Hashing ' ---Reggie to be Seated -- --- ----- Metal Reglet insert for V-* ` removidle counterfleehing counter!leaning Flexible vapor ratarder to serve as insulation letamer. Compreesibfe insulation KMM Fleming Specrficaoon No. 710 Cant stnp set m bitumen or mantle rootway system. Roof Drain Tooomg as Required Treeted wood nailers , Interply-fused ^CuamonStno Lead flashing Aluminum KMM Membrane ,**'m KMM cushion Membrane interply-fused Treateo wood nailer iFaiian to oecx only) Non Suggested detail where possibility exists mat differential movement will occur between deck and vertical surface. This dstait >t mttnded ts a guide only Note: Do not apply flame directly to lead flashing 32 if- Koppers Waterproofing and Dampproofing Systems KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials r FOR ENGINEERING ASSISTANCE . , . waterproofing specifications and related the waterproofing field and offers the Since the meionty of protects present such details to maximize the possibilities of a specifier engmeenng assistance in achiev a wide variety of conditions, the specifier permanently watertight application. ing the best possible waterproofing systems. must take precautions in the preparation of Koppers has had many years experience in Coal tar membrane waterproofing systems The function of waterproofing and damp proofing is to prevent the entry or passage of water through masonry or concrete structures. The most important property that must be possessed by any waterproofing or dampproofing material is its ability to resist prolonged contact with water. Because of coal tar s natural resistance to moisture, bacteria and acid, it has proven to be the most effective hot applied water proofing system available today. KMM ' membrane waterproofing systems Koppers KMM Membrane is a cold applied, ( prefabricated waterproofing sheet designed for exceptional waterproofing protection. When a cold applied sheet membrane is desired, ease of application, dependability, and economy make KMM the system you can rely on for your most critical water proofing requirements. Cold-applied mastic and liquid waterproofing and dampproofing systems Many oroiects require the advantages of cola applied liquid or mastic moistureproof ing materials. Koooers manufactures a wide variety of auality dampproofing compounds. Applied by themselves or in combination Coal tar plaza deck and wall waterproofing systems Membrane Waterproofing Materials a. Coal Tar Waterproofing Bitumen A.S.T M. D-450 Type III. b. Membrane (Select one or combination). GLASFAB--A.S.T.M. D-1668. Tar Saturated Cotton Fabric--A.S.T.M. D-173 Tarred felt -A.S.T.M. 0-227. c. Concrete Prtmtng Oil--A.S.T.M. D-43-41. General Requirements a. Preparation of surfaces: Surfaces to be waterproofed snail be reasonably smooth and free from holes or projections which might cause puncture of the membrane. The surface shall be dry and thoroughly cleaned to remove dust and loose materials imme diately before application of the waterproof ing. Do not apply waterproofing where effects of freezing or moisture will adversely affect the waterproofing application. b. Applicator: All membrane waterproofing shall be applied by an experienced roofing and waterproofing contractor. Application Precautions a. Waterproofing bitumen shall not be heated above 425F. b. Roll or press firmly ail plies of membrane into the hot bitumen and apply without wrinkles, buckles or kinks. c. On vertical walls apply hot bitumen with cotton roller mops or by other suitable application techniques. d. Apply membranes on vertical surfaces in courses not exceeding ten feet in length where immediate and careful backfilling is not possible. After each course of the water proofing system is completed and before the top mopping is applied; nail each oourse at the upper edge before the-next course is apoiied. Nail each succeeding course endlaopmg not less than 10 inches. o. Reinforce wall angles, corners or any place the waterproofing membrane course may be subject to unusual stresses with not less than 2 additional plies of fabric or GLASFAB reinforcement and moppings of bitumen. f. insulate and protect all hot water and steam pipes which project through or are near the surfaces to be waterproofed. Take the necessary precautions to prevent water from getting between the waterproofing and the waterproofed surface at all points where the membrane is penetrated by drains, pipes, etc. Apply extra plies of reinforcing membrane and bitumen moppings in these areas. g. Carefully examine laps which have been cautions above the following additional exposed for any length of time, such as at precautions shall be taken: (i) if deck is the junction of a vertical wall and a slab, for sloped to interior drams, specify Water defects and insufficient lap areas and reoair proofing Bitumen conforming to ASTM as necessary before proceeding with further Specification D-450 Type III. (2) Before the application. pouring or placing of pedestals supporting h. Apply all membrane waterproofing systems in a workmanlike manner and use wood nailers treated with ii water-borne preservative for all vertical wall water proofing. (.Protect the membrane from damage by other trades after installation to maintain the integrity of the waterproofing thrgughout the structure. . j. Ventilation should be provided in enclosed precastfinish slabs, additional reinforcement shall be installed under each pedestal over existing membrane. (3) Extreme care should be taken to protect the finished waterproof ing from damage by other trades during construction of towers, etc. Place a pro tective course over the finished membrane until the wearing surface is placed. (4) On precast concrete systems all joints should be grouted with flashing cement and stripped with a reinforcement faoric. spaces during application. - Horizontal waterproofing" applications: Below grade wall waterproofing application: (1) Apply a uniform brush coat of Koppers (1) Beginning at the low point of the slab Concrete Priming- Oil over the entire sur mop the surface with hot Koppers water face to be waterproofed -'approximately 1 proofing Bitumen and immediately apply the gallon for eacn 100 square feet! (2) Moo reinforcing membrane over the entire area. wall completely with Koppers Waterproofing (2) Be sure that each ply is solidly mopped, Bitumen. (3) Smiting at the most practical and adhered. (3) For the vanoua waterproof place, install the desired number of plies ing systems lap the reinforcing plies aa lapping them at foMows: (e) Four Ply--lap follows: (a) Two Ply System--lap 19 inches. (b) Three Ply System--lap 24% inchea. (c) Four Pfy System--lap 27% inches. 27% inches, (b) Three Ply--lap 24H inches, (c) Two Ply--lap 19 inches, (d) When more than 4 plies are used in a membrane, it is (d) Five Pfy System--fsp 29 inches. (4) Mop the entire top-surface with Koppers Water proofing Bitumen. The completed wsterproofing forms a firmly bonded system and the reinforcement shall not be exposed at any place. (S) As soon as any portion of the waterproofing has been completed, cover it recommended that they be installed In at least two operations, i.e., 2 plies over three. 3 plies over three, etc. maintaining the shingle fashion method in each operation. (4) Nail membrane with concrete nails 8 inches on centers through flat tin discs at with the protection course specified, such the end lap horizontally across the mem as Onck. tile, concrete, rigid insulation or brane. If wood nailers are installed, nail other specified material. membrane to nailer with 1% men roofing nails through flat tin discs 8 inches on Plaza deck waterproofing applications: centers. (5) Moo the entire surface with Koppers Waterproofing Bitumen The com pleted waterproofing forms a firmly bonded When membrane waterproofing is used in system and the reinforcement shall not be plaza construction with interior drains and exposed at any place. (6) As soon as any the finish slab does not rest immediately on portion of the waterproofing has been com the waterproofing, but. on concrete pleted. cover it with a protection course and pedestals, in addition to the application ore- backfill. 34 KMM Membrane Waterproofing Systems KOPPERS 7 1.KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Materials and System Discussion KMM waterproofing specification* are categorized a* vertical and horizontal to differentiate between slight differences in application procedures dictated by the orientation ofthe surface to be waterproofed. The vertical specification is written for foundation wall waterproofing, but may be modified for other vertical or steep surfaces to be waterproofed. The horizontal specifi cation i$ written for aplit-siab or plaza deck applications but can also be modified for other low slope or flat surfaces. Consult your local Koppers sales representative for assistance with these modifications, Vertical KMM Waterproofing System Specification Mo. 640 General Requirements 1. Surface to which KMM or KMMEfcdhesive is to be applied must be free of all dirt debris, release agents, oils, or other contaminants that would impair the proper application and performance of KMM Cracks or other defi ciencies must be corrected before starting application 2. All surfaces that receive KMM adhesive and/or substrate fusion must be pnmed with Koppers High-Pen 452 Pnmer at the rate of gallon per 100 square feet. Primer must be allowed to dry completely before proceeding. 3. inside and outside comers must have a double thickness of KMM. This can be accom plished by 1) installing cushion stnps of KMM that extend at least 4- (n each direction from the comer, or 2) lapping each course of KMM around comer 4" in each direction. 4. Courses may be run honzontally orvertically: however the top edge of each course must be substrate fused 4" onto tne wall. 5. Ail exposed edges must be top sealed prior to leaving the job overnight. 6. Protection board must be placed as soon as possible to protect KMM membrane. 7. Honzontal waterproofing system must begin at tne low point in the deck and layed up tne slope 8. KMM membrane apolied vertically in lengihs exceeding 1V may be difficult to hold in place, it is for tne discretion of the applicator to determine the aporopnate length for his particular application. membrane applied to a vertical surface in a full bed of KMM Adhesive. The KMM membrane forms a waterproof system through the use of joint heat fusion, a unique process whereby all contiguous joints are affixed together to develop a monolithic waterproof membrane. In addition, the entire system is completely adhered to the vertical surface to eliminate any voids which might permit collection of water between the surface and membrane. This system is applicable lor use with any vertical structural surface which provides continuous support for the KMM membrane. The general requirements and application procedures on this page are part o! this specification and must be adheted to where Procedures 1. If cushioning stnps are used they must be applied pnor to the installation of the KMM waterproofing membrane. 2. Apply adhesive at the rate of 2 to 3 gal. per square after primer has dried 1 Starting at the low point set the first course of KMM Standard membrane into a full bed of KMM Adhesive while the adhesive is still tacky Rub and/or brush thoroughly to remove all entrappeo air from under the membrane. End and side laps shall be 4" 4. Substrate-fuse the KMM membrane at ail proiections. 5. Subsequent sheets shall be set m a full bed of adhesive, from the first course to the high point of the area to be waterproofed. Each course shall end lap the lower course 4" and side laps shall be 4" The top ends of each sheet of KMM membrane shall oe substrate-fused and top-sealed. 8. The contractor shall thoroughly inspect the completed KMM membrane at the end of each day's work as well as before the back filling phase. 7. To eliminate potential abrasions, breaks and punctures, it is strongly recommended that the completed KMM waterproofing system be completely covered immediately, with a V minimum thickness protective board. It should then be permanently back filled. tamping the backfill as required. Pro tective board can be installed in KMM Adhesive. 8. Any KMM waterproofing membrane left exposed after backfilling shall be protected with KMM Aluminum membrane or other suitable sunlight-protective materials. 9. When any portion of the membrane is to be permanently exposed, it must be covered with KMM Aluminum Flashing. Specification No. 710 for protection 35 Horizontal KMM Waterproofing System Specification No. 650 Slope J": iir $C55"3'C,r~ S<MU SlJSMJf-tKOMrt <MM SA(UrO Applicable for deck slope* of 0" to 4" per foot When slop* exceed* 4" per foot see Specifica tion No. 640 on Page 35. General requirements the general requirements and application procedure* on ft* preceding peg* at* part Of wo tpooncaaon ana mw m t -- ^MdfeeAiie Procedures 6. Extend the KMM waterproofing mem brane. as flashing, up vertical surfaces to a height above the water level expected at the weering slab. The top of the KMM membrane shall be substrate-fused and top-sealed to the wall. All side laps shall be interply-fused and top-seeled. When vertical waterproofing is required, continue the upturn a minimum of 6" abate the height of the weanng surface and substrate-fuM to the wall Vertical water proofing membrane shall overlap upturn 4" nr*fO'v'u#<J ino too-*i*c R*o *32 Description Koppers Honzontal Waterproofing Specifi cation No. 650 consists of KMM Standard membrane applied to a plaza deck or hori zontal surface in a full bed of KMM Adhesive. The KMM membrane forms a waterproof system through the use of |Oint neat fusion, a unique process whereby all contiguous loints are affixed together to develop a mono lithic waterproof membrane. This system is applicable over any structural deck and/or approved rigid board insulation where the substrate provides continuous support for the KMM membrane. It is ideally suited for application directly to poured structural concrete decks. 1. If cuahioning strips are used. they, must be applied prior to the installation of the'KMM waterproofing membrane. 7. The contractor snail thoroughly inspect KMM membrane at the end of f' work arwell as before application 2. Apply adhesive at the rate of 2 to 3 gal. per of protective board. square after primer has dried. . I with application of the remaining 3. Starting at the low point of the deck, set the first course of KMM Standard membrane into a full bed of KMM Adhesive while the adhesive is stilt tacky. Rub and/or brush of the horizontal system. Care must be taken to eliminate any puncture or damage of the KMM waterproofing mem brane system by other trades. thoroughly to obtain proper adhesion and .. 9. It is required that a suitable protective to remove all entrapped air from under the layer be placed over the entire membrane membrane. End end aide tape shaH be 4". on both horizontal arid-vertical surfaces to All end and side laps shall be interpiy- provide puncture resistance during con fused and top-sealed. ' struction and during placement of the wear 4. Substrate-fuee the KMM membrane at all projections. ing surface as soon as possible. 10. When any portion of the membrane is to be permsnentty exposed, it must be covered 5. Sueseauent sheets snail oe == "*f- oic -- seres..e `ram tre 'irsi cc^-'-s fdhre ".gn oo.m of t*-e area :c ce .v3ie-rroc*eo S oe sos with KMMAluminum Flashing, Specification 710 for protection. - Liquid and Mastic Applied Waterproofing and Dampproofing Systems Hydroshield Mastic 451 All-weather cold process mastic membrane system Hydroshieid Mastic 451 is a solvent based asphalt mastic which is unaffected by immersion in water either before or after curing. It will adhere tightly to damp or even wet surfaces. Hydroshieid is not damaged by soil alkilmity. acidity or minerals. This unique mastic may be applied under an extreme range of weather and temperature conditions. Application Guide Hydroshieid Mastic for Dampproofing. When applied to masonry or concrete con struction. Hydroshieid Mastic serves as an effective dampproofing barrier to prevent the entrance of moisture by capillarity. Usually only one coat is necessary for dampproofing. Hydroshieid Mastic goes on cold and may be applied to a wet or dry surface. Hydroshieid Mastic tor Waterproofing. When a permanent vapor barrier to prevent the entrance of water under a head of pres sure is required. Hydroshieid Mastic, combined with Koppers Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh, produces a tough, durable waterproofing membrane that cannot rot or deteriorate at sub-grade levels. For details of waterproofing applications, consult your Koppers representative. Dampproolmg Waterproofing 452 Primer Psr 100 ft.1 (Wbsn Nssdad) Vi to h gal. K to H gal. Hydroshieid Flrat Coat Psr 100 ft.1 2 gal S gal. Koppsrt Haavy Duty Glass Non* 1 or mors plies HydroshlsW Too Cost Per 100 ft1 None 3 gal. Liquid Asphalt 480 A cold-applied asphalt emulsion dampproofing. Liquid Asphalt 480 is a filled, cold-applied, high-quality asphalt emulsion containing Bentonite clay. When applied to masonry or concrete con- struction. Liauid Asphalt 480 serves as an effective dampproofing barrier to help prevent the entrance of moisture by capil larity. Usually two coats are necessary for dampproofing. Liquid Asphalt 480 goes on cold and may be applied to a wet or dry surface. For detailed specifications consult your Koppers representative. Application Guide Dampproofing 36 -------------- 4S2 Primer Per 100 ft.* V, to v gal Liquid Asphalt 4*0 Per 100 ft.1 (2 easts) 3 gal EXELTHERM5 Insulations Urethane Roof Insulation Composite Roof Insulation Isocyanurate Roof Insulation Phenolic Roof insulation KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Koppers meeting today's insulation demands Meeting me demands required to conserve our energy resources makes the need for high efficiency, dependable roof insulation mandatory. Koppers Cempany. Inc. offers Exeltherm URETHANE Insulation, Exeltherm COMPOS ITE Insulation. Exeltherm II Isocyanurate Roof insulation, and Exeltherm Xtra Phenolic Form I nsulation to meet today's energy conservation requirements. it makes good sense to invest in a dependable Exeltherm roof insulations mat can provide increased returns corresponding with the continued energy pnee escalation. The foam used in Exeltherm Urethane insula tions complies with ths following specifications; Fed. Spec. HH-I-530A. U.S. Dept, of Commerce. Maritime Admin. Spec. No. 32 MA-tB. Dept, of Navy NAV Fac. Spec. 49 Y8. N.Y.C. Bd. of Std. 4 Appeals Cal. No. 91566 SH. Property EXELTHERM URETHANE/ISOCYANURATE INSULATIONS TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Teet Method Value c Thermal Conductivity'k'' (initial) (Foam core) BTU/hr/ftVF/in* Compressive Strength. ASTMC518 12 (10% consolidation), psi ASTM D 1621 25 Otnjity.lt>.. per cu. ft. ASTM D 1622 20 Water Absorption incraasa in Volume (2-hr immersioni % ASTM C 209 <1 0 Water Vtpor Permeeoility. PsmHnents ASTM C 355 o0 itsrvtca Temperature. F -100 to -250 Dimensionel Stability. % (Lmaar variation. 24 hr*.) 156 F/100% RH ASTM 02126 2 0Uengtm 2 0iwiothi 5 0 (thickness) Not* Under normal use. Exeltherm Urethane Roof Insulations will retain an average 80% of their thermal resistance (R-factor) value. "R" value means resistance to heat flow. The higher the 'R" value, the greater the insulating power, "fl" = 1/"C". Insulation values Dased on RlC/TIMA conaitioning procedures are available upon request. Extfflwrm Xtra* Typical Physical Properties . 1 Property (PoemCore) Thermal conductivity -k~ BTU/hr/ft'/P/m Teat Method ASTM C 518 Value 14 Compressive strength. 10% consolidation, psi ASTM O 1621 25 Water vapor permeability, perm inches ASTM C 355 B *9 Dimensional stability (7 oays 158*F'95% R H.). % ASTM D 2126-75 'i Ollengthl ^1 Qiwiath) r Water absorption, increase <1 0 ithicknessi by volume <two-bour immersion). % ASTM C 209 3 Density. Ib/m (nominal) ASTM D1622 30 Service temperature. F -- -100 to -300 Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, per *P ASTM D 696 13 10 ' 37 EXELTHERiVT Insulations Exeltherm Xfra* Phenolic Roof Insulation THERMAL CONDUCTANCE, SIZES. AND HANDLING DATA Exeitherm Xtra is a rigid, thermally etliaerU thermoset phenolic foam with fir# resistant properties. Exeitherm Xtra is faced with a corrugated skin which contains channels to ! Nominal . Place* *C- , -R- : Thlcknera Rer Value : Value (Inchee) PaNet Sq.ft. Per rWfl Weight Per IrWamUl Flute ' Spanabiltty (pounds) (Inchee) help in the ventilation of entrapped air and moisture: the cause of many roof blisters. It is approved by Factory Mutual as a component for Class I Insulated Steel Deck-Roof Construction. - _ *' ., Sizes available 3S" a 4#" - 0.10 10.00 0.00 11.11 i o.oe ; 1250 i 0.07 i 14.30 ! 0.06 4? 16.66 ; 0.05 -1 20.00 1.4 1.6 1.75 . 2.0 23 26 32 28 fe.25- .^22 . 19 17 384 336 300 264 228 204 166.4 162.4 1S6.30 154.00 147.30 144.50 2.5 2.5 2.5 4.25 4.25 4.25 Exslthermf Urethane Roof Insufafioh `- THERMAL CONDUCTANCE. SIZES, AND HANOUNG DATA Exeitherm* Urethane imutation board bines a core of rigid. doeed-cek tm foam with integrally bonded, asphaft-satu Nonane! ~j nmm * Sq.Fl | "C~ i "R- 1 TMCXIIMI L-: Par p Value . Value . (inchee) - Pundto Bundle Weight Per Bundle (lb.) Flute Spanabillty (Inches) felt skins. A low "k" factor combined with, high moisture resistance aod-motstune vapor resistance derived from the asphaft-saturMd skins provide high insulating efficiency long life, it is approved by Factory Mutual1 for use above non-combustible roof dajjjs; ano as a Class Q material on metal decks. Sizes Available: 36" a 48", 4T a 96" 0.15 8.67 0.13 : 7.69 i 0.10 10.00 : 0.09 11.11 0.08 12.50- 0.07 14.28 o.oe 16.86 0.055 18.18 6' 1" 1.2" 1.4" 16" 1.8" 2" 2.3" iw S' . 8. 8 6 -6 6 5 ,. 4 4. 96 96 72 72 72 60 48 48 39 2*" 51 2V." 44 3" 48 3Vi" 46 . 3V 42 3H" 36 3V 40 3V." 0.05 20.00 2.5" 3 36 26 3V." 0.04 2560 3" 3 36 33 3V Exeitherm! Composite Roof Insulation m ------------- ----------------------- THERM, CTANCE, SIZES. AND HANDLING DATA Exeltherm* Composite insulation combines two time-proven building products, methane roof insulation and perlite boaad. This unique -c~ Value "RValue Nominal 11 Piece* - Sq. Ft. TWcknee* Per " Per (Inchee) Bundto Bundle Weight Per Bundle (lb.) Flute Spanabllity (Inches) combination provides a commerbiatty accept able urethane insulation with.both.factory 0.13 769 1.5" 6 72 70 Mutual approval for Clast I construction and 0.10 10.00 1.7" 6 72 70 Unaerwnter's Laboratories approval for use 0.09 11.11 1.8" - 5 60 65 in Construction I and Construction E. . 0.08 12.50 2.0" 4 48 56 2Vi" 2S" 2W 3%" Size* AvaUMe: 36" x 48". 36" x 42" . 0.07 0.06 14.28 16.66 22" 25" 36 44 36 45 3V 3W ' 0.055 to 18.18 2.7" 36 ?Jo* '% 20.00 2.9" 3 - 36 "0.045 ..... 22Zfe- 3.1" 3 'r 36 46 ' .47 -Ht.r.-4i9n 3V > Exeitherm' H - . .' n 'sccysnurate Reef insulation Exeitherme II is' a noncomposite factorylaminated isocyanurate roof insulation board, reinforced with glass fibers and faced with "C~ Value asphalt-saturated asbestos. This unSEie combination results in excellent product strength and dimensional stability. It is ap proved by Factory Mutual as a component for' Class I insulated Steef Deck Roof Construction.. Sizes Available: 48" x 72", At" a 96" .12 .10 .09 .08 .07 -06 . .05 g - .045 I THERMAL CONDUCTANCE. SIZES. AND HANDLING DATA "R'~ Value Nominal Thlduiaaa (Inchee) Piece* Per Bond* Sq. FL . Pw Bundle Weight Per Bundle (lb.) Flute Spanabllity (inch**) 8.33 10.00 11.11 12.50 14.30 16.66 20.00 22.22 1.2^' 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.8 3.1 T6 6 6 5 4 4 3 3 72 72 72 60 '48 48 36 36 38 41 43 . 39 - * ' 33 35 28 31 3V" 4'/" 4Va" 4 Vs" 4VM 4Va" 4V" 4VT `As manufactured. Long term insulating values will be provided on request. 38 EXELTHERM- Insulations KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Matanals General Information CompHancaa _ Factory Mutual Underwriters Laboratories Koppers Company, Inc. has submitted its products to tha rigorous requirements of both Factory Mutual Insurance and Underwriters Laboratories and can report that Exeltherm II. Exeitherm Xtra, and Exeltherm Composite Roof Insulation are acceptable Class I components for steel deck construction. Exeltherm Com posite is also acceptable for U.L. Constructions i and 2. Exeltherm Urethane Roof Insulation is an acceptable component for non-combustible decks and for Class H decks. Exeltherm Urethane Roof Insulation when field applied over 1" perlite roof insulation, in a double layer application, will also meet the requirements of Factory Mutual Class I Construction over metal decks. Cold Weather Application Roofing installation at temperatures below 45" F requires special precautions to insure satisfactory performance of the finished roof. The deck surface must be dry and free from all traces of ice, snow and moisture before ap plying roof insulation. Any moisture present on the deck at the time the roof insulation is ap plied may result in poor adhesion of materials to the deck and blistering of the membrane. Moppings tend to congeal rapidly in cold weather, even when tne deck is dry. so extra care must be taken to set insulation as quickly as possible. Do not overheat the bitumen to offset this rapid chilling but keep the insulation close behind the mop or spreader. Vapor Retarder Vapor retarders are used to control the flow of water vapor from the interior of the building into the roofing assemblies. Vapor retarders are located between the deck and the roof insu lation in built-up roofing systems. The use of a vapor retarder within the roofing assembly usually depends upon: the occu pancy conditions, whether the outside mean January temperature is below 40" F. and when the interior winter conditions are expected to be above 45% relative humidity. Since the architects and building designers are aware of the actual conditions of the specific installation, they have the responsibility for determining if a vapor retarder should be used. The application of the vapor retarder should be in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of the type of vapor retarder specified and Koppers general requirements. retaliation Scecification Details Protection of Material Exeltherm Roof Insulation must oe protected from the weather at all times. No more insula tion should be laid than can be completely covered with roofing materials on the same day At the end of each day's work or in the event work is stopped abruptly, temporary water tight cut-offs must be installed at all exposed insulation edges. Cut-offs snouio be removed when work is again started. Warning "Rigid foamed polyurethanes are organic materials, which decompose at 450"F. and will ignite and bum at 600"-700"F. or when exposed to open flame. These products should not be installed in exposed appli cations." "Rigid foamed isocyanurate and phenolic foam will decompose and/or burn if exposed to suffi cient heat or an ignition source of sufficient intensity. They should not be used in exposed or inadequately protected applications. They should be installed according to Koppers specifications. The facers on Exeltherm H contain asphaltsaturated asbestos fiber. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). an agency of the United States government., believes that repeated inhalation of asbestos fiber is a health hazard and may cause vanous diseases including asbestosis and cancer." Steel Roof Deck Application For FM approved Class I roof system as illustrated, install Exeltherm Insulations, according to Factory Mutual Approved Guide for Class I Insulated Steel Deck. (See Also FM Bulletin 1-28.1-29,1-48,1-49, & 1-52) Wood Deck Application Impregnated fire-retardant treated lumber or plywood is of low combustibility (when treated according to FM guidelines) and acceptable for roof deck construction without automatic sprinkler protection. Concrete Roof and Plaza Deck Applications Exeitherm Insulation Urethane Application Exeltherm Urethane Roof Insulation without Vapor Retarder shown. When sprinklered at 130 square feet coverage per sprinkler, the roof may receive some insurance advantages as Class I. where according to FM guidelines, "values are not excessive." (See Also F.M. Bulletin 1-28.) Aggregate BUR Exsimarm insulation Situman Rourad coocrata O^ w o- qs . Gypsum--Lightweight Insulating/ Roof Deck Application Aggrtgit* ---- BUR -- Exsimarm insulation-- ^ Sasapty (naiiad) Gypsum lightwaignt insulating coocrata 'a' r =F t>' > <:<i. i -t? <**.,.**. . c . 4 >' 39 Exeltherm^ Roof Insulations Suggested ADplication Procedures 1. Ov*r Stnl Decks: Steal decks suitable for the installation of the Exeltherm insulation shall be clean, dry and properly graded to all outlets. Apply the Exeltherm insulation with long edges tenmg in accordance with FM and the roofing membrane manufacturer's requirements. In stall Exeltherm insulation in a solid mopping of hot bitumen. parallel to the flutes and beanngson the surface of the steel deck. Secure the insulation to the steel deck with hot steep asphalt at the rate of 12-15 pounds per square or secure with six Factory Mutual approved mechanical fasteners per 3 foot x 4 foot board or one fastener per every two square feet. Fastener placement must be in accordance with FM requirements. With vapor retarder; When Factory Mutual Class I construction is required, install roof insulation over an FM Approved Vapor Retarder System in accordance with Factory Mutual Loss Prevention Data Sheet 1-28. C. Structural wood fiber When installing Exel therm insulation over structural wood fiber decks, several methods of installation are acceptable. Consult the manufacturer for their preferred method. 4. On slopes: On decks with slopes greater than :wc meres per foot, wood insulations stops should be used. They should be treated with a water-based preservative and shall be the same tnickness as the insulation. They must be securely fastened to the deck ce-rs'-ctc.. tc -- ^S'oce '."ecr-sof The maximum spacing of the stops should be 48'A inches on face to 2. Over Non-NaflaMe Decks: Non-nailabie face. decks suitable tor the installation of the Exel therm insulation shall be clean, dry and proper ly graded to all outlets. 5. Bitumen: Exeltherm roof insulations are compatible with all types of BUR bitumen, and can be laid directly in hot bitumen. When asphait is used as the insulation adhe sive. prime the surface of concrete decks with Koppers Hi Pen Primer approximately 'ifi gallon per square. On precast units, hold pruning back four inches from all joints. When using coal tar bitumen, priming is not normally required. Over all root areas, embed Exeltherm insulation in a solid mopping of hot bitumen. Keep bitumen moppings 4 inches away from deck joint openings and all openings to prevent dnppage into the building. = fcd"~r-enaec bc."t o< acoi carcn bitumen temperatures are: Steep asphait (Type III) 400 -450 F: Coal Tar Bitumen 350 -400 F. Note 1: Koppers acceptance of any deck as satisfactory to receive Exeltherm root insula tion, involves the deck surface only. It is the responsibility of the building designer and the deck manufacturer to establish the require ments for a. Expansion and contraction in a manner that will create a stable base for the roof With vapor retarder; Solidly adhere the vapor insulation. retarder directly to the concrete deck in accor b. Support of maximum anticipated loads. dance with the manufacturer's specifications. Note 2: Koppers will not assume responsibility 3. OverHaHatle Decks: (Wood, plywood, struc tural wood fiber, poured gypsum, and accept able lightweight concretes.) All nailable decks for deck defects, bitumen drippage. or the placement of conduits, bolt heads, etc., above the roof deck and below the roofing membrane. suitable for th> installation of Exeltherm insula Note 3: All projections or openings in the deck tion shall be clean, dry. and properly graded to should be completed prior to the application of all outlets. the insulation and roofing. Overvaporretarder: Embed Exeltherm insu lation in full mopping of hot bitumen. Stagger end joints of adjoining courses. Note 4: Optimum adhesion to the deck is nec essary for good root performance. Koppers will not be responsible for any damage caused by Vapor retarder must be installed in accordance or the result of unsatisfactory attachment. with FM and manufacturer's requirements and Note 5: When two layers of roof insulation are must be capable of receiving hot bitumens. installed, apply the first layer with fasteners, Without vapor retarder the second layer in solid mopping of hot bitu A. Wood and plywood: Cover the deck with men. Stagger joints in each layer with those of one layer of rosin sheathing paper, lapping layer below. each layer not less than 1 inch and nail suffi Note 8: The application technique and specifi ciently to hold in place. Over the root area. cation included in this section apply to conven install Exeltherm insulation. Staggerend joints m adjoining courses. Secure each insulation panel with six fasteners per 3-foot x 4-foot tional built-up roofing. Some specialized "single-ply" roofing systems may not require attachment of the membrane to the insulation.. board, or one fastener per every two square In this case, the roofing system manufacturer feet. Fastener must have sufficient length to penetrate the structural deck at least V men but not to protrude through underside of the deck. `ictaner neads flush to the surface of roof shall be consulted for detailed specifications. Nets 7: ~ 5\ t'-' Cw '"Ste-S'S 3'? 3 - ;;iT *?.=:?'*?' $~3. se oca:?: y. *"i sr~ 3s** * **'"*a'* * 'xuistlng ; ; f ;; ;* installing urethane insulation is in two layers to minimize potential blister formation between the top facer sheet of insulation and the built-up roofing membrane. These installation pro cedures recommend that over the top surface of polyurethane insulation, a thin layer of wood fiber board insulation, perlite board insulation or glass fiber board insulation or a venting type base sheet be applied over the surface of the urethane insulation prior to the application of a built-up roofing system. When two layers of root insulation are installed, apply the first layer with fasteners, the second layer in solid mop ping of hot bitumen. Stagger |omts in eacn layer with those of layer below. Suggested Short Form Specifications For Standard 3uilt-Up Roofing Systems Roof insulation shall be Exeltherm foam panels factory laminated to form an integral bond with the surfacing skins, as supplied by Koooer Company. Inc.. Pittsburgh, Pennsvivani. Foam density is to be in excess of two pounr per cubic foot. "R" factor shall be___ install thickness(es) shall be as indicated on drawir or specifications insulation panels must be r-:-c .v to the direction of tne roo membrane Insulation snail be laid in pat courses with cross joints broken Edges be butted, without forcing Standard rc practices for adhering rigid board insula' the deck shall be used Koppers Company. Inc. supplies rigid p foam, urethane and isocyanurate m materials. It does not practice archite engineering. Roofing that mco Koppers insulation products, the believes, results in a satisfactory ir when properly applied. Characteristics, properties or perfot materials or application specificat described are based on data obt? controlled test conditions. Koppe warranties, expressed or imphe characteristics, properties or pe its products under any variatic conditions in actual construe assumes no responsibility for Structural movement and ma warranties whatsoever. No agent, salesman, represer ee is empowered to change, f provision unless it is done ir authorized ofticer or emp Company. Inc. * oncers agrees with RIC-TIMA/NRCA -- preferred method of Koppers Reinforcement Fabrics KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials The extra strength needed for ail roofing and waterproofing systems. Reinforcement Fabrics ire necessary for with applications of Glasfab' membranes sealing and protecting them from water and waterproofing and roofing systems because coated with bituminous or synthetic sealers. chemical penetration. the wateroroofing agents (bitumens) have practically no strength by themselves. Koooers Reinforcement Fabrics provide This wateroroofing combination eliminates the recurrence of cracks, thereby preventing water from seeping under the asphalt and When a reinforcing membrane is required that is not coated with asphalt or tar. Koooers fills the need with Glascoat', Like Glasfab. this extra strength m a manner similar to gradually breaking up the base. Glascoat is a woven glass fabric, but is that of reinforcing rods in concrete. Some Tunnels are effectively protected against coated with wnite resin. Glass mats and times called membranes, these fabrics serve water seepage into and through the concrete cotton fabrics may be needed in specific as mechanical reinforcement for hot or shell with Koppers Reinforcement Fabric cases. Koppers makes these products avail cold aoDlied bituminous coatings in roofing embedded m a bituminous compound. A able as waterproofing membranes, also. and waterproofing systems. They also pro vide the framework to build up coating thicknesses, achieving longer lasting water proofing systems. Once applied, they form stress-resistant pliable sheets that withstand stresses and strains from wind, vibration, and expansion or contraction due to temper ature changes. Applications Of Koppers Reinforcement Fabrics are many, the largest being with hot or cold apolied bituminous coatings in roofing and waterproofing. properly installed tunnel waterproofing sys tem prevents rapid deterioration of reinforc ing rods, heaving of concrete and the formation of icicles on the underside. Pipeline protection has been achieved through an application consisting of a bitu minous coating (Koppers Tar Enamel) and a reinforcement fabric (Glasfab membranes) to successfully prevent corrosion and soil stress. Pteza Deck Waterproofing provides sub terranean structures with needed protection Bridge Deck Waterproofing effectively pro tects bridge surfaces and substrates from premature deterioration. Koppers Rein forcement Fabric, used in conjunction with coal-tar coatings, repels the adverse effects of weather, salt, gasoline and oil spillage, in addition, the wateroroofing grevents spal ling of concrete and the corrosion of bridge reinforcing rods (caused by penetration of moisture and de-icing chemicals). The woven glass reinforcement fabric serves a function similar to that of steel mesh in Other applications include bridge deck against moisture. Any subterranean con concrete. Forming a stress resistant, pliable waterproofing and flashings, foundations, struction. whether used for office space, sheet, the supporting membrane adds slabs, tunnels, subways, pipeline wrapping, classrooms, storage or a parking garage, strength and serviceability to the inherent pipeline lomt wrap, parapet wall treatment, must be watertight; including wails and top water resistance of the coal-tar emulsion. asphalt paving repair and protection, drive ways. parking areas and tennis courts. surfaces. Landscaped plazas are often con Foundation Waterproofing And Rsmpproof structed on these too surfaces. It is here ing at the time of construction can eliminate ( Many of the reinforcement fabric systems that Glasfab' is used as the reinforcing the problems of damage-causing leaks. installed over 25 years ago are still in use membrane in the waterproofing systems Architects and engineers have long realized tooay. In large construction protects such placed under the plaza surface. the advantages of waterproofing compounds as highway bridges, their applications have insured complete protection against mois ture penetration that ultimately leads to corrosion and the weakening of the Glasfab is available with a coating of asphalt or tar. to be compatible with the specified bitumen. Possessing the highest tensile strength of any reinforcing membrane in preventing or retarding the passage of water.' The reinforcement fabric enables waterproofing compounds to remain station ary while being built-up to the specific structure. currently in use. Glasfab provides a strong quantities desired, thus allowing the speci Roof Repairs are long lasting when Koppers waterproofing system. It strengthens and fier to achieve the build-up necessary to Reinforcement Fabric is used. Quick repairs secures the waterproofing agent between resist existing hydrostatic pressure to roofing and flashing membranes are slabs and on walls under the plaza deck, possible if a oly of faerie is embedded in the first application of roof coating. A second application then completely seals the area where blisters and cracks once appeared. Roof Resurfacing with reinforcement fabric adds strength to existing built-up roofs. Since it is important to select the membrane that performs best with a particular coating. Koooers manufactures fabrics that can be utilized with cold-applied products or hot bitumen. Coated glass fabrics are available as well as glass mats and saturated cotton fabrics. Glass membranes non-rotting feature, its aDility to conform to irregular surfaces, and its high tensile strength makes it a highly desirable reinforcement Cotton fabric is often used for stripDing-m and covering corrugated metal roofs. When selecting the proper roof resurfacing c reinforcement, it is important to also use the proper amount of coating to assure a long service life Other Usee for Koppers Reinforcement Fabrics exist wherever waterproofing sys tems are required Tennis courts can better maintain their tight, smooth olaying surfaces Specifications and Technical Data Koppers Asphatt Or Coal Tar Saturated Cotton Fabrics are available fn bom standard ana soecification grade. The primary differ ence between the two grades it weight. Cotton Fabric has the longest successful application record. Specification grade cotton complies with specifications from the federal government, the-American Society for Testing Materials (ASTMI, the American Railroad and Engineering Association (AREA) and the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO). Product Cotton Fsbrie Standard Cotton Fabric Aapkcabie tpoateutons Fed. Spec. SS-C-450A ASTM D-t 73-74 AREA and AASHO for venous statea. Nooq_^*7 Nominal Sq. Yd. Dry weight 3.5 0*. Sq.vt Saturated Wt 10 oz. minimum - 2.0 0*. . . . 8.5 0*. Typical Analysis IrsdWng Strangth ot Ssturstad Fabric 50 Warp 50 Fill Minimum raomn- a-ii .. Thread Count 28 to 32 Warp 2* to 32 Fill 40Whrp ... 20 Fill Typical Analysis 27 WSrp 15 Fill Typical Analysis Coating or Tar Asphalt or Tar Color Black Black GiuHat. a white. resin-coated fabric are Koppeta Glasfab' And OleacoaT Woven Glass Fabrics are both well-known and inorganic woven glass membranes which widely acceded In the construction industry^ - win not rot. are lightweight and conform to Glasfab. an asphalt or tar coated fabritantE.u irregular surfaces. The tensile strength of glasa fabric is greater than cotton fabric or jute. Product Glaatab* Glaacoar* ipgllaeMa SpeaJNoetiona NontinaiSe. Yd. Dry WoieM Fed. Soec. ' HH-C-488b ` ASTM D-1688-80 Type 1 * II - - . U. to2.0oz. - ~^.4 oz. min. White " 1.2 0*. to 2.0 a. Sq. Yd. Saturated WL 1.5 o*. to 2.8 o*. 2oz.to3oz. IfMkfng tlrvngtti of Ssturstad Fabric 75 Wdrp ' ' 75 Fill ' ,, * Minimum t.5 0*. to 2.6 0*. eswwp " - 64 FW ^Minimum - wat-W-- -i-i-li Thread Count 20 X 10 20X2q^p, Costing Asphalt or Tar Color Black 20X10 Resin White Koppers Jute (Burlap) Fabric is asphalt saturated. Commonly known ai-'treated burlap, it is a coarse fabric which tends to hold more bituminous roof coating material. resulting in a heavier build-up of coating in fewer applications. It is quite often specified for roofing and waterproofing. Jute it also used tor protection of newly seeded areas. embankment erosion control and ditch liners for holding planted materials m place until growth starts. ~ Product Jut* AppUoaMa 1:, Specifications Fed. Spec. HH-B-00800 ASTM 0-1327-50 Nominal Sq. Yd. Dry Weight 7.50*. Sq-Yd.^.. Saturated Wt 9.75 minimum TyPtsaS Analysis W* Bracking Strength ot Saturated Fabric 50 Wkrp . 50 Fill Typical Analysis Nominal Thread Count 9 Warp 9 Fill Typical Analysis Costing Asphalt Color Black KOPPERS 7.1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials Koppers Glass Mats are widely used with coid-acplied roofing products. They are non shrinking. possess excellent embedment qualities and conform to irreguiarsurfaces. The u. F. Glass Mat is white, lightweight, comprised of fine glass filaments in a random swirl arrangement, reinforced with glass strands at the edges and bonded with urea formaldehyde. An asphalt coated U. F. Mat is also available. ' Standard Glass Fiber Mesh consists of chopped mono-filaments formed into a random pattern and bonded with a resinous binder. Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh is constructed of heavy glass yam, chopped in two inch lengths and formed into a jackstraw pattern It is bonded and coated with a pliable asphalt. The open pattern permits excellent bleedthrough of the asphalt into which it is embedded. Product U. F. Met-Whae U. F. Met--Asphalt Standard Mesh Heavy Duty Meeh Binder Urea Formaldehyde Urea Formaldehyde Resin Asonalt Glass Weight 100 sq.ft. .9 ibe. .9 lbs. 1.39 lbs. 2.22 lbs. lOW nVlpK 100 so. ft. 1.0 lbs. 3.5 lbs. 1.44 lbs. 2.90 lbs. Tsnsile Strength Width 4 Ibe. 31 ibe. 10 ibe. 25 ibe. Tensile Strength Length 13 lbs 47 IbS 18 lbs. 34 lbs. 43 Roof Maintenance Products and Systems All roofs require preventive maintenance. After the roofing system is first aooiied. the degradation process begins. If the roof is allowed to age unattended, you will be hit with the high cost of replacing the entire roof. The materials needed to repair or maintain the common puiit-up roof depends upon the construction and condition of the roof and the nature of the problem Maintenance or repair isn t merely a matter of adding more bitumen. Each roof responds to the ravages of time and weather in different ways. Each needs specific materials to comoat deterio ration. Then there s the flashings, counter-flashing, parapet walls. Pitch cans, and wet insulation to be considered. Each of these areas is susceptible to deterioration and damage. Each requires particular materials for main tenance and repair. Koppers has all the materials necessary to keep your roof in top condition. Our Roof Shield System, for instance, can add years of extra life to smooth surface asphalt roofs and our resaturant applications have extended the life of many built-up gravel roofs 50% or more. Koppers will provide for you a complete and thorough roottop survey determining the actual conditions througn the roof system An analysis of suspect areas and all roof data is entered into one of our many word processing computers offering uniform and comprehensive maintenance specifications tailored to your needs. Koppers will be pleased to put a preventive roof main tenance program together for you. Roof conditions Dry Felts & Bare Spots: are caused by the oxidation of surface bitumen on gravel roofs. Roof Felts become exposed to attack by the sun s ultra violet rays, and rapid deterioration follows. Koppers roof resaturants help avoid this situation Blisters: usually are formed by the presence of moisture resulting in vapor pressure that has been trapped between plies of felt on either gravel or smooth surface roofs Koppers root cements and membranes can solve this problem. Alligatoring: is a condition almost universal to smooth surface hot asohait roofs. Attack from the sun starts immediately and progresses to the formation of deep roof alligators as time goes by The appropriate Koppers asphalt emulsions will provide a smooth too surface that will not alligator in the future. Splits: are the result of excessive movement in the roof system. Freeze-thaw cycles and expansion and contraction may cause roof splits if proper expansion joints have not been provided. Koppers Stnpshield and other systems can help control this condition. Wet Insulation: will greatly effect the performance of any built-up roof Moisture trapped within the roofing system must be removed. I Certain types of insulation can be successfully vented. This can i eliminate costly roof replacement. ; Worn Flashings: can lead to a total roof failure Koppers cements J and membranes offer a system to restore worn flashings to a 'like new" condition. If damage is more severe, our KMM I aluminum flashing system offers an approach that will provide i a completely new flashing with a durable aluminum top surface. I I I ! ! ] i j j ; j ' * ' . ! ' ' Hffsctivs Maintenance with Tar and Asphalt Reef Resaturanis KOPPERS 7 1/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials > Lowers th* softening point of the top pour of bitumen. * Restore* flexibility to dried or otherwise brittle fett * Adds addition*) waterproofing to the surface. * Provides a means of new gravel embedment. Purpose: Many factors play a part in the service life Of a roof. Some factors are uncontrollable. Others can definitely be controlled. There are some asoects of roof degradation that will follow a recognized path and the end result can be predicted. The normal degradation of a built-up roof begins at the top surface. This is under standable since it is the'too surface that is subiected to the deleterious elements of the atmosphere. As soon as a roofing bitumen is exposed to these elements, an age harden ing process begins. As the softening point of the bitumen increases, coid flow properties dimmish and resistance to moisture pene tration decreases. The volatizing or sublim ing of a roofing bitumen takes its toll on me performance characteristics of me bitumen. At some time prior to me roof reaching the point when maintenance is no longer feasible, preventive maintenance should be established, even though the roof may not be leaking excessively. After considering the age. type of bitumen used to construct the roof, and general condition, me use of KopDers Roof Resaturants offers an effective means of implementing preventive roof maintenance. Tar: Koppers Roof Reeatursnt 410 has a base of coal tar roofing bitumen, blended with non volatile oils and graded asbestos fibers Roof Resaturant 410 provides the maximum softening effect and penetration obtainable from a product of mis type. There is no addition of volatiles mat would rapidly evaporate. Koppecs Fiber Coating 415 is a tar base product specially formulated to meet Federal Specification SS-C-540. Fiber Coating 415 contains orooerty graded asbestos fibers plus selected penetrating oils. Koppers Roof Resaturant 425 is an asphalt resaturant designed to have the greatest softening effect available m an asphalt base product. Roof Resaturant 425 is a blend of asphalt and oils combined with asbestos fibers to provide a product suitable for flat or sloped graveled roofs. Procedure: 1. All loose gravel must be removed from roof. If existing gravel is to be reused, it must be washed free of silt. 2. Silt is removed with water pressure, air pressure or vacuuming. If water is used, the roof must be allowed to dry completely before proceeding. 3. Drains are covered with screens to orevent clogging of the dram system. 4. After the roof is properly cleaned, all necessary repairs are made with compatible materials. 5. Koppers Roof Resaturant is applied evenly onto roof at the rate of seven (7) gallons per square. The application rate may vary with me condition of the roof. 6. Gravel or slag is applied to cover the Koppers Roof Resaturant. Gravel shall be in the K-H" range, and must be washed Care must be taken to avoid exceeding weight limits of me roof deck. Gravel should be applied immediately after application of resaturant. 45 Xoppers Heavy Duty Roof Shield System... Description Koppers Heavy Duty Roof Shield System comDines two Koooers roofing materials. Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh and Liquid Aspnalt 480. Liauid Asohalt 480 is a filled, cold aooiied. high-quality asohalt emulsion containing Bentonite clay, It is the waterproofing com ponent of the Heavy Duty Roof Shield System. The unique gel structure of Liquid Asohalt 480 will not alligator, blister, or flow in hot weather Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh is a patented reinforcing mat of a non-woven jackstraw pattern of short cable strands of glass fiber. Each strand is composed of more than 200 glass monofilaments and is' completely sur rounded with the Liquid Asphalt 480. thereby eliminating water wickmg by capillarity into the waterproofed surface. Application 1. Surface Preparation. If there is a question to the soundness of the existing roof and insulation, a core cut should be made. All minor repairs must be made prior to priming. ANY blister containing moisture must be allowed to DRY before repair is made. 2. Priming. Every effort should be made to remove dust from the surface. If the dust cannot be completely removed. Koppers High Penetration Primer #452 should be applied at the rate of approximately h gallon per 100 sq. ft. If a primer is used, it must be allowed to dry thoroughly before proceeding with Roof Shield application. 3. Flashing. Flashing areas shall bo exam ined. repaired and primed as required. Roof Shield should be applied first to flashing 4 gallons per 100 sq. ft. Do not apply if temperatures below 40F. are exoecteo within 8 hours or if rain is expected before the emulsion has time to dry. While the emulsion is wet. embed Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh into it with firm brush pressure forcing the emulsion through and around the glass strands. Each suc ceeding glass strip should overlap the preceding one by 2 inches. Roll ends of Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh should over lap 6 inches. Do not allow dry or starved laos. Permit Liquid Asphalt 480 and Heavy Duty Glass Fiber Mesh to dry sufficiently to permit foot traffic. After the embedding coat is dry. a top coat of Liquid Asphalt 480 is sprayed or brushed on at the rate of 3 aalinn* nor im - <* KOPPERS r.i/KOP Architectural and Construction Materials C Koppers asphalt base aluminum coatings contain pure aluminum paste consisting of millions of tiny pigment flakes. When the coating is applied, these flakes rise to the surface and arrange themselves into many shingle-like layers of aluminum. The result is a reflective metal surface that protects the substrate from the elements. With Koppers aluminum coatings, there is no peeling or separating because the asphalt base securely bonds the aluminum to the pro* tected surface. Aluminum Coating 434 contains three pounds of extra quality aluminum paste per gallon of high grade, non-fibrated asphalt base. Aluminum Coating 435 contains three pounds of extra quality aluminum paste per gallon. This coating is reinforced with asbestos fibers for a thicker, tougher coating and extra life. Aluminum Coating 444 contains two pounds of extra quality aluminum paste per gallon of high grade non-fibrated asohalt base. Aluminum Coating 445 is the same as 435 but contains two pounds of paste per gallon. 1. Preparation--The surface to be coated should be cleaned of all loose material such as gravel, dirt. dust, rust or scale. All breaks, cracks, holes and other structural defi ciencies should be repaired prior to applying the Aluminum Coating. 2. Priming--Before applying Aluminum Coatings to roofs, dry or dusty felts should be primed with Koppers High-Penetration Primer 452 at the rate of approximately H gallon per 100 square feet. This preliminary step insures proper adhesion of the Alumi num Coating. 3. Coating--Stir thoroughly before and occasionally during application. Apply with spray or brush. 4. Curing--Allow one month curing time before application over new asphalt emul sion coated roofs. Allow three months curing time before application over new asphalt or solvent type asphalt coated roofs. Do not apply over "dead level" surfaces subject to standing wstar. Guards against moisture penetration Koppers asphalt aluminum roof coatings con tain millions of tiny pigment flakes in an alumi num paste. Upon application, these flakes rise to the surface and arrange themselves into a shingle-like layer of aluminum. The asphalt base in Koppers aluminum root coatings pro vides excellent adhesion to the existing sur face. The result is a watertight surface that guards the substrate against moisture penetration. ' COVERING CAPACITY (Per too sq. ft.) Typed Surface Meta) Composition NorvPIbrated Aluminum X to H gallon H to 1 gallon - Fibrated Aluminum tto fK gallon* 2 to 3 gallons Protection against sunlight Koppers aluminum roof coatings create a metallic surface that reflects sunlight. The reflective surface shields the substrate from ultraviolet damage while providing additional defenses against cracking or drying. Coding energy savings Koppers aluminum coatings also help building intenora to stay cooler in the summer. Alumi num roof coating reflects eight times more than the 8TU per hour, per square foot reflec ted by a black roof coating." This translates into less demand being placed on the air con ditioning system. In such instances. Koppers aluminum roof coatings represent an economic and efficient means Of conserving energy. 'Study results available upon request. 47