Document M46jQ783vaKdzK3gX73zoz9mV

*1;.-4 'j+rfsfis . :f JSMDIUMScM R: -- J2LL0JI IMSTITcTI C? i:^"ST?.lAL RSSSA3CH sv:<?cs:um CN* LUST -' PR0B15MS - ?1TT3L*?.CH - JA3. 13. 1955 Cn or about Secerber 12, 1934 the Lallan Ir.scucice of Industrial Research addrasxad letters to srzs 83 industries having industrial distasa problems inviting then co ettend a searing to ba hold undar the auspices of tha Institute on the 13th day of January. Ona of thasa invitations was received by tha Asbascos Ins tituta and. although tha A?Y *trs Zr.sziz.zi did r.oc accept and vaa not officially represented, Johns-Mar.vil la Corporation raquastad and obtainad permission to sand a rtprtsaacativa. Tha invitations expressly statad that "attendance at this casting naad anttail no obligation.'* Jobna-Maavllle vas raprasantad at tha seating by tha writer of this caoorandua. Approximately 230 people vara prasanc representing over 30 industries which had accepted tha invitation of tha Halloa Institute. Tha Mellon Institute vas .greatly surprised at the remarkable raspensa and it is ay K. * op_i_n_i_o_n_ that one cannot find a batter indication of tha sar ious .-nature of tha problems it vas tha purpose of tha casting co *rdiscuss. l vas able to ascertain chat tha Mellon Institute :ohad bean -prompted to call the seating by representatives of c+.ztthaetivtehsa san&sud of chase glass and tha refractories industries. Represer industries conferred with Mr. E.R. -eidlein, cSiractor of tha Institute, and after advising bin of the nature of their pToblea, of its wide-spread character and numerous feenaclng aspseta, suggested the naad of sons fora of concerted _ctlon on the part of choso industries presently or potentially involved. I underetend that_ Mr.^F.W. _Shgxypd, .Vice-President -& Qveaa-Illlatfls. Clfrt~Coa?ahy and"5tr. Roger Hltchins, Presi dent of the Aaarican Refractories Institute, vara tha parsons who presented tha situation of tha Mellon Institute. Mr. Ceidlain, on behalf of tha Institute, agreed to cooperate to the extent of calling*.th seating and having tha representatives spend a day in. Pittsburgh as the guests of the Institute. Thera vaa sens preliminary discussion as to tha possibility of using tha Mellon Inatitutd as :a clearing house for Information and * research-upon aspaeta of tha problem cotmon to all industries but definite cccaitsents vara postponed until after the holding of the ceeeing.' An impressive list of experts specialising upon various 'aspectsi of tna dust 'problea attended the ceetlng and *s a 4 i EXHBrr C-l "20 S'0-zZ(&Z2. -YnummuM -lAl* TO *>- A*'t UVi M S^r ^ . A1=' I\f.f E* f+M c M4 Kifes*.. O jjr PSP- >> E*. GiUviriJ addresses. Arcre those were Mr. A.C. Hireh. * lawvar associated with Willi*-*, ivirirar. and Morgan, 'elect. Ohio. attorneys for Owsns-Illinois Class Cerpar.y; Dr. Eugene ?. Pendergrass of the X-ray laboratory. Univarsity*Hospital. ?hill delphia; Mr. A.J. Lanza. Assistant Mad leal Director of the Metropolitan Lifa Insurance Cospany; Dr. R.R.. Sayers. "edits,! Officer in Charge of C.S. Public Health Service; Professor Philip A. Brisker of the School of Public Health; Harvard Uni versity; Me. T. Xobartson Jcr.cs, Central Mtr.c-er, .\sserf*"its of Casualty and Surety Executives; and Mr. Dcr.ald D. Currit Assistant Director, Carar.ee Laboratory for Study of Tubercu The addresses delivered by these specialists, tegtths with the open discission chat followed then, revealed, arcr.g ether things, the very menacing character of the problea, its cruel/. nature.~thn~uncertainties attending most of its aspects and tha necessity of *c=a-form~of united action by tha afflicted induitries. Zt vas recognized chat sene aspects of the problea were peculiar to special industries but it was equally evident that ocher aspects were eonson to ell. For exanple. only tve fores of dust, namely, free silica and asbestos. are definitely known to produce disabling fibrosis of the lung. Even in the case of these dases the probleas resulting therefroa are cults different since tha fibrosis resultin froa silica is a uurr nor-- --<* cbo have one of tho mesc serious aspects of the problaa thee la ectttrn ell duse producing industries) ebe feet'that no other dust is known to produco cliability has not prevented entirely grcur.ilass _cZ*ic_iXirUAiil*-illiotmnd.evea-liundnada. Af. nillicna-cf rdollars being brought against industries which have no silica cr asbestos duse hazard.- For example, Mr. Lanza poineed out that no on* had ever aaineained that gypsum duse was harmful and yet. nevertheless, the gypsum;industry had sules pending agtir.it it covering elains In excess of four'alllioh dollars. Ze appeared *that among tha problems cc--cn to all industries were the followings ;. (1) The aenaee of aabulance chasing law' yers in coabination with unscrupulous doctors. The uncertainties surrounding diagr.esis of an.v of Che various forms of pneuacr.cccr.iosii are so many that a question of fact Is presented in every case. Expert testimony can be pro duced by both plaintiff and defend: nc and 1: la for the Jury to decide vhese experts ire r*-v i'-K/5'?' ; iit** \r--i -3- W&F* ' 't; :. fc' K? k i*O n w c C? O C2_ correct ia their interpretations. la raking chi* decision, the Jury is not likely to favor the opinion of the experts produced by the ecplcyer. (2) The desirability of raking various dusc diseases compensable under properly drawn workman's cocpeasation lavs. Cr.e of the speakers stated chat "the strongest bulwark, against fucur# disascar for industry is the enactment of properly drawn occupational disease legislation/* Such legislation would (a) aliaiaata the jury and enpouer a Medical Board to paaa upon the exiscanee of tha disaese and the extent of the disability; (b) eliminate the shyster lawyer and cha quack doctor since fees would be strictly limited by the lav; and (c) permit the correct* ing of initio! mistake* in Che making of awards by providing for haarings to reduce or eliminate awards if proof could ba adduced that tha claimant vaa not disabled or chat Cha axtane of his disability had been over estimated. (3) Problems of ventilation, dust collecting and elimination, and respiratory devices. (4) The establishing of standards (a) for dusc counting and pareielo since determination, (b) for cho taking of X-rays for diagnostic use, and (c) for the interpretation of the --markings -on tha films so produced. At tho eloso of tho discussion a Mr. Kurtx. Vice- President of American Refractories Corporation, made a motion, chat Mr. William P. Yant. Chairman of the casting appoint a nominating coraictee who would nominate a group of individuals to serve as a cocnittao fox cho formulation of ways and means to brine about effective cooperation of soce character between cha various industries for tseecing and combaelng these phases of ehe dusc problem common to ell. This motion was carried and a Nominating Committee appointed which retired and upon returning presented to cha meeting the names of seven Individuals .to see as such Committee. No other names having been placed in nomination, the following were elected eo act as the Committee and report back to the various industries and groups represented at tha meeting or to whoa Che invitation had been originally* extended. . w .f y -vX ICf . ^vrjT (- -' JS Vandiver 2rovn representing Asbestos, Cork ar.d *.'cn-"*ttlllc Dr. B.D. Saklatvalla representing Chemical^ Abrasives. Alloys and otr.-; erreus ratals .0. Jcr.es representing Foundries A.V. Sherwood reprsenting Glass Sand, Crcund Sand ar.d Glass Manufacture A.J. Gantholes representing Iron. Steel and Ores A.J.R. Curtis representing Line, Linestone, Cerent and Gypsum Roger A. Ritchins representing Refractories. Ceramics and GLai & 1 tfi m jy r> ci ti- CM Z explained to the other aeobers of the Cost!tree that Z had been sene to the nesting solely as an observer and had no authority froa Jchns-Manvilla Corporation to accept oaabership on the Connietee and certainly none froa the Asbestos Industry ae e whole. Z was urgad, hovevar. to meet with the Conmittee end agreed to do so on the condition that Z sight withdraw if approval of cy serving in that capacity should net be fortbeosiag. Z pointed out thae member* of tha Asbestos Industry did noe care to be associated in tha sir.ds of tha public or of employees with thasa industries vhese problem was silicosis and chat for this reason Z fait chare sight be sene opposition to having a raprasancacive of the Asbestos Industry working with them. Z did indicate, however, thae Z realized numerous aspects of our problem ware ehe sasa and- that if cooperation could be worked out without an \adua anount of publicity, Johns-Manville Corporation and perhaps the Asbeetoe Industry es a whole, vcult .in all likelihood be willing to cooperate. It was the opinion of the Cocalceae chat this condition would noe presene any insuperable difficulty. Mr. Xegtr HlecMna' President of American Refraero: las Institute, ves made sKeicecehlningaTwuaeasddaey seiLgvgnenaantiendg Chairman of the aedfteoar sethwe icthlosMer. oCVfoemeimhdeliteteSineymwopfhoisctihuhemh. Moledv11.can Institute was designated to oaaiet with MM r. Veidlein of the Mel '.:r. Inseicuea and aak nia to make ai propose 1 in definite and concrete fora as to the manner in which the Mellon Institute right be ebla to assise tha various industries for a fee of $23,000. Vnen this proposal his been racelved end approved by the mer.b ers of ehe Completes, it will bi submitted to the various irtdustr ies with the recommendation thae it ba accepted and thae two vart r ;i industries or Individual corporations agree to stand good fer i proportionate amount of the fee not in excess of a definite specified sum. 3fsS 2,0 I sa:htrid that the prtrtsal which would be r;i by che Mellon Institute would include, among ether*, eh# following: **!> (O The compiling of a <-.-praher.s ire bibliography of all booV.*, treaties* and publications dial ing with any aspect cf the dust problem; and che evaluation char*of. lr' ;?' <b> The compiling, digesting and correlating of f; data and iftfcmaclcn from various subscribing industries relative to their particular expert' Sr* enees. (c) The drafting of approved wcrVnan's compensation legislation covering pneunor.oconicsis. -- r t. Cd) The digesting of ths laws of the various states which sight effect 'the operations of industries presenting a dust hazard. Tha outlining of problems rtcuiring research or the establishment of fixed standards and tha pravaneion of duplication of effort and expense along these lines. 4\ The interest with which the discussions ware felllowed and the enthusiesn which greeted any proposal for unified effort load up to believe ehae che necessary support will ba found for some sort of program along the above lines. VAsaivsa 3-x%n January IS, .535 f' - .-r.'Z?? V* Uhtea Pllfl 5s Oc-otsr H, IZZi l'.r Coould b. i-rcstrong Lotrcpolltan Lire Insurance Coopsay Lae 'ioric City >a&r 17* j.raatrong. ily lottor to !2r. ~cker should very odviausly hi.vo Indicated ehst had been cscccpllshed rlth. the cppropri ntions z-uac by tho Lstrcpolltua tc tho Ecmr.-.o Lrbor*-to:. . On* could hcrdly expect that you could bo fenilltr ~lth the technical aspects of this -orb. Che 'olloclr.s. pcrr.jrcphs Indicate the scope of our Investigations* Our first objective vms to discover rethoos of exposing large Tschers of mice Is to the Inhalation of various types of dust for periods of two or nor* years. This ms acco--pliuhed sad it res found ti'.ct they could reset to quarts and to noa-sLUeaous dusts is o ncnr.er corparrble to ths response Is buses heists* dr-tl-y doteralsed i!:si ths v.rtoua pnomtouaccnlosus could be rcprtcusoa Is nniacis, tho ptthologioal evolution of tho dlfferor.t Tars* of ths disease xse ror.:od out In detail usd checuad with ths occasional autopsy thr.t so-Id bo ob tained on beings. This iafor'iatlon vrs correlate! *tth roentgenological appsarsacss la both, talcsis aau fcursa beluga, basic atudles oa purs slllcu, asbestos sadMlsltad oustar of ncn-allloeona dusts, corbie, earberatdua, iron end gypsua have alrsaay baas collated* Za addition to reports upon the experl- cental findings dth thsso dlffsraat dusts a oisssifloatlon of x-ray and pathologies! findings la ths buaaa has been published la collaboration with Dra* Laasa, MoOoeasll* Sayers, Panooost and Riddell. As sa Institution davoted to the study of cubercoloels our ultinsta cbjaotlvs is to determine la how Tar the various pasunosaalesss lafluenss estiva suaoeptlbillty to tabercuicela* Methods have boon sorted out for tasting suoh susoaptlblllty sad so srs stin ooouplod la totting :hs offset of different typo* of duo to la this particular. Zt has been chore that, as la aaa* ths animal exposed to purs quert* dust O Is extremely sussoptlbls to t&berealosls* Cith asbestos duet chers Is o ooa-shst lasrssssd susoaptlblllty but this Is not assrly so sorted as slth quarts* Bar%k%; 00al and aluulaua 3 oxide dusts have bo offset* Carborandnn is apparently quits active although * her* sot been able to discover tbs rsssou* Xm sro bow attempting to Isam whether this aitsratioa la rssistsaoo to tuberculosis is associated with disturbsboss la ths recognised prlaoiplss ef igrur.lt7. If this could bo ostsblishsd wo night bo sblo to formate intelligent rscocssendstiaas for ths snployaont of bob la slliea-procuoi&c Industrios* Tods; it is aot olssr whether s ssa with x-ray evidence of lone healed apical tubsroulosis esa bo safely ex posed to silica or sot* One would Uks to know whathar the individual with negative tuberculin roaetioa is safor than one who does react when ho enters tho hasardoue ooouFatlon* r.ooa Ms previous l..?3Stlen offer hia as aach protection to reinfeetioa while he is being exposed to allies as it would with out this connlieating footer? ,y Tore reeon^ly tt ha to*n *. iscover3d thct when non-siliceous duets litre eo*l *nd iron nrs labeled sisul- * tcneoosly with sille-, the reeetiec to ths latter is oxtcrlally nvdlfied* This finding will Beeessitste e proloncod investi gation for ooet incurtrial exposures are of the nixed type* the oodifieo eillcosia of the foundry or the prroelain -ork* Is quite different fTon that of tho ficher load ana sins diner who is exposed to purs slllaa* Hth the rsthoda and faeilitles that have been ssteoliched et the Saran*.* laborstserj as si'all cantinas the Investigation of the thoorotieal and fraatlanl aapoata of this vreblsn* systasatleally studying the effects of pure dusts end "he various sixturas that one disoovsrs in industry* T?.s cuul action of tho prisery effect of a dust mu its influence uyoa susceptibility to tuberculous infection will necessitate a prolonged Investigation but the results thus far obtained seas to be Justified by their close correlation with what has bean discovered clinically* Trusting that this rather lengthy exposition has cade dear the nature of the work carried out with the assistance of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, X rocsin 0exdisll7 yours* luo ice Leroy *? Gardner* H.O* Director Ce/ooc"76 7") ( *>**