Document M3rRDZBNJzG6Vw90vyV581my

December 5, 197*+ J. R. Wertke Masland Plant Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampling to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the Masland Plant on October 31 and November 1, 197^ in accordance with the new Federal Standard. Air samples were collected using a Willson Personal Sampler and charcoal tubes at the rate of 0.5 liters of air per minute. A laboratory flow meter was used to pre-set the Willson Personal Sampler. Operator samples were taken with the charcoal tubes positioned close to the breathing zone. Samples were analyzed by the Analytical Laboratory at the Mishawaka Plant using gas chromatography. Desorbing of the air samples was accomplished using carbon disulfide {CS2) The concentrations of Vinyl Chloride are shown on the attached table. URL 02546 Manager, Technical Services cc: ( L. R. L. J. F. Dierinaer - Oxford W. Mallory - " J. Primeau - Mishawaka R. Sellers - " js r -J 1 e 1. 2. 34. 5- 6. 7a. 9. 10. f 1. 12. 13. 14. (5. Location *4 Banbury Mixer 5 Banbury Mixer 1 Banbury Mixer Under Silo - (Open Ooor) rrl Calender - Warming Mill (3i*0oF) #1 Banbury - Drop Mill (320F) ?t2 Calender - Warming Mill (320F) #2 Banbury Orop Mill (320F) Hopper Car Operator Part Time in Silo Resin Storage Area Lab MiMroom Operator Void - Test Blank #5 Banbury Orop Mill "5 Calender Warming Mill J,4 Calender Warming Mill URL 02547 HASLANO PLANT Compound 9530 1240 S-3 9949K VR-22 9949A Plant 1 1 1 1 1 9949A 1 3754 1 8754 1 VR-22 1 VR-22 Various 3527 3527 2509 2 1 1 1 1 L. J, Grecco 12/5/74 Employee F. Brackin L. C. Butts S. Potts Static Test J. Oszajca E. Fox S. Becker E. Williams R. Bielawski Static Test S. Adams J. Novak D. Tucci S. Radoraicki VCM (PPM) 0.56 0.30 0.55 29-40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0. 10 1.90 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.20 0.10 MASLAND PLANT S.miD I e 16. 17. 18. 1920. 21 . Loca tion 74 Calender Drop Mill *74 Calender Warming Mill Expanding Oven Operator Expanding Oven Helper Mixer 2064 Mixer 2064 URL 02548 Compound 2509 2509 - PI ant 1 1 1 1 2 2 Emp1oyee W. icOowe) 1 L. Grecco T. Longo J. Keris W. Boese J. S iet2 Notes; 1, No. 1 & 4 Banbury mixers are borderl ine. Time weighted 8 hrs. average should put us below limit of 0.5 PPM. Air movement in this area should be studied. 2. Silo area must be classed as a regulated area. Exhausting should be studied. Operators in this area should be provided with face respirators. 3. These areas will be discussed in detail during next visit. 2- - VCM-(PPM) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 INTEUDIVISIOEi ONLY URL 02549 April 29, 1975 J. R. Wenke Has land Plant RECEIVED MAY 2 1975 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampling to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the Hasland Plant on April 7"9, 1975 in accordance with the new Federal Standard. Air samples were collected by Hasland personnel using a Willson Personnel Air Sampler and charcoal tubes at the rate of 0.5 liters of air per minute. A lab oratory flow meter was used to pre-set the pump. Operator samples were taken with the charcoal tube positioned close to the breathing zone. Samples were analyzed by the Analytical Laboratory at the Mishawaka Plant using gas chromatography. Desorbing of the air samples was accomplished using carbon disulfide. The concentrations of Vinyl Chloride are shown on the attached table. An analysis of the results obtained shows Banburys 1, h fend 5 should be reported to OSHA as regulated areas of employee exposure. The employees In these areas should be notified that we are above the Federal Standard and masks should be_pro vided. Air movement around the PVC discharge chute should be considered, the silo should be posted as a hazardous area and the door should be always open to eliminate a build-up. An exhaust fan should be installed in the silt). Under separate cover we are sending to Hr. P. Reeves a pump, charging unit and a supply of tubes for additional testing. We recommend samples of one hour duration be taken at Banburys I, ^ and 5* Forward samples to my attention immediately after they are taken. A "fact sheet" on the Vinyl Chloride is attached. Services cc:/^L_._ F. Dieringer - Oxford - E-G-1 R. W. Mallory " D-2-2 P. Reeves - Hasland L, J, Prlmeau - Mishawaka J. R. Sellets 1 i i SAMPLE 1. 2. 34. 5. 6. 7. 8. DATE 4/7/75 LOCATION Banbury 4/7/75 #4 Banbury 4/7/75 #5 Banbury 4/8/75 #1 Drop Mi 11 4/7/75 #4 Drop Mill 4/8/75 #5 Drop Mill 4/7/75 si io 4/9/75 #2Banbury URL 02550 MASLAND PLANT COMPOUND 105& 8683-53 t 5450-X3 DC-5010 8683-53 5250-X3 VR-22 CLAD, Dui L. J. Grecco 4/29/75 EMPLOYEE E. Williams M. Landing L. Jennings J. Scott \1. Radomicki S. Becker Static Test L. C. Butts VCM (PPM) 1.67 'S 1.66 J 3.24 J ( 0.17 0.00 0.24 46.20 tfl'i y IRTEIIDIVISION QIILY 'W^+r LF? April 29, 1975 J. R. Wenkc Has I and Plant received WAV 2 1975 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampling to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the has land Plant on April 7~9* 1975 in accordance with the new Federal Standard. Air samples were collected by Masland personnel using a Willson Personnal Air Sampler and charcoal tubes at the rate of 0.5 liters of air per minute. A lab oratory flow meter was used to pre-set the pump. Operator samples were taken' with the charcoal tube positioned close to the breathing zone. Samples were analyzed by the Analytical Laboratory at the Mishawaka Plant using gas chromatography. Desorbing of the air samples was accomplished using carbon disulfide. The concentrations of Vinyl Chloriue are shown on the attached table. An analysis of the results obtained shows Banburys 1, A and 5 should be reported to OSHA as regulated areas of employee exposure. The employees in these areas should be notified that we are above the Federal Standard and masks should be pro vided. Air movement around the PVC discharge chute should be considered. The silo should be posted as a hazardous area and the door should be always open to eliminate a build-up. An exhaust fan should be installed in the silo. Under separate cover we are sending to Mr. P. Reeves a pump, charging unit and a supply of tubes for additional testing. We recommend samples of one hour duration be taken at Banburys I, 4 and 5. Forward samples to my attention immediately after they are taken. A "fact sheet'* on the Vinyl Chloride Is attached. URL 02551 Grecco jer, Technical Services ccj/t. P, Oieringer - Oxford - E-G-l R. W. Mallory P, Reeves L. J, Prlmeau D-2-2 - Masland - Mishawaka J, R. Sellers Js i i t ;<, S.<;? j.t. . V r oo <r> vn ts .r . 4n 4r Jr -P- -P* 4?* Jr X. **>. V s. VO *4 CO VJ 00 vl X. 1 V. X. N X V. -J VJ -4 ^sl vn vn vn vn vn vn vn vn * NL(UDJ 3cr c to o* Vn o X) o"1 o -o % To! U=tfcl C01D 3 XT 03 03) cr 0(U3 9cr Ccc _r> C vn 00 o vn 00 r> E*o CJ SO ro h) NJ vn o X v*> cr> VaOo vn Vhl r> vn o -- o Jr vn o wX oCOv V*J vn Ul oo vn 3 o> tj oc-- z cn *' a oj 3 0) icnr Etn C 12 a rx--t ro-o -e vi rT>* VNJ! H I- irnt tn C C - r~ 3* m 3m o CD cr+ rt . U1 a r_t n -H fWrtt aft n 7fTt n 30 OJ CL O 3 r 7T tn n cft. r(U rot rt 3 3-- 3Q--. 3 to trt 3 to C-- 1r*9 o ---- -- -m< m Q> iD/> c o FV* f o O o VaI _ 3 ___ N> o -- KJ O'* O' o wJ * K> Jr o -J fr o> -tj TJ O3 t* r V\NO * L. *S vn r> n o oo ' 3 rrrrzD 3 INTER.DIVISION OtslLY < May 16, 1975 i J. R. Wenke Hasland Plant RECEIVED MAY 19 1975 ' MEDICAL DEPARTMENT Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air samplings to determine Viny' Chloride concentrations were taken at the Masland Plant on May 5 and 7 by Masland personnel. The sample tubes were sent to the Mishawaka Plant and analyzed in the analytical laboratory by gas chromotography. The longer sampling time at the banburys still shews an excessive amount of vinyl chloride. Static samples taken around the PVC drop area show this to be a problem. Continued testing is required. Under separate cover we will send additional tubes and another Willson pump to Mr. Reeves. He will return the present pump for calibration. We hope to also have a continuous monitor in the next 4-6 weeks and will plan to completely study this problem at your plant. URL 02553 P. Reeves L. J.Primeau J. R. Sellers - Masland attach - I js AMPLE 1 1A 'lB ' 1C 10 4 4A 4B 4C 40 5 6 6A 7 DATE 5/5/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 ''' 5/7/75 5/7/75 5/5/75 5/5/75 5/5/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 5/7/75 LOCATION #4 Banbury ii ii 11 11 #5 Banbury 11 11 11 1 Silo #4 Banbury 11 ASi 1o URL 025S4 MASLAND PLANT COMPOUND 8647-FR 2980-S n 11 li 5350 X 3 1r n 5890 X 3 11 VR-22 4669 V 3 7748-53 VR-22 EMPLOYEE S. Potts Static ii 11 11 G. Guenther Static ii ii 11 Static V. Hoffman Static Stat i c L. J, brectc 5/16/75 VCM (PPMl 3.00 0-57 0.25 1.36 0.08 3.84 O.76 0.10 4.09 1.17 21.07 1.51 2.04 16.77 r^rra1 rr:rrr^vx?3L rizj-:z3 June 10, 1975 <3* ^6--C ^ET-Gr-l received URL 02555 J. R. Wenke Masland Plant Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampl ing .to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the Masland Plant on June 2, 1975 in accordance with the new Federal Standard. The purpose of the testing was to evaluate Tenneco PVC resin in the banbury mixing area as compound to Marvinol PVC which Masland has been using. Alternate samplings were taken with each of the resins. The results clearly Indicate the Tenneco PVC has a lower residual Vinyl Chloride content. Samples were collected by P. Reeve of Masland and were sent to the Mishawaka Analytical Laboratory for analysis by gas chromotography. The results are shown on the attached table. / '\ L. Jj Grecco Manager, Technical Services cc: L. F, Dieringer R. W, Mallory P, Reeve L. J. Primeau R. Sel lers Oxford - E-G-l D-2-2 Masland Mishawaka ii m \> oo <n o ~ tw ir> so *VrW!> ^i|.IM Mp hi Ty.'*y*>~" ,-5' 1 July 3, 1975 < URL 02557 J. R. Wenke Mas I and Plant Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampling to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the Masland Plant on June 25 1975 in accordance with the new Federal Standard. The purpose of the i.esting was to re-evaluate Tenneco PVC resin in the banbury mixing areas. The results again show very low amounts of Vinyl Choride in both the banbury and silo areas. Samples were collected by P, Reeve of Masland and were sent to the Mishawaka Plant Analytical Laboratory for analysis by gas chromotography. The results are shown on the attached table. 0 L. J. Grecco Manager, Technical Services cc L. F. Dieringer - Oxford - E^G-1 R. W. Mallory - Oxford - D-2-2 P. Reeve - Masland L, J. Primeau - Mishawaka /J. R. Sellers - Mishawaka l h ! ' i "i i a ? v-'" V 1. !:. `.' ! i*,r"ii . ' * i1 i * 1 .i- i -;t SAMPLE NO. 1. 2. '34. 5. * 6. 78. 510. 11. 12. 1314. 15. 16. 17; 18. 19. LOCATION #1 Banbury Op. (Potts) 1 Banbury Mouth 41 Banbury Platform 44 Banbury Op. (C. Fox) #4 Banbury Mouth 4 Banbury Platform *5 Banbury Op. (Goenther) #5 Banbury Mouth 45 Banbury Platform Si lo 41 Banbury Op. (Potts) 41 Banbury Mouth #1 Banbury Platform 4 Banbury Dp. (Landing) 4 Banbury Mouth j=4 Banbury Platform #5 Banbury Op. (Guenther) #5 Banbury Mouth #5 Banbury Platform URL 02558 MASLAND PLANT 4 COMPOUND 1495-S 1495-S 1495-S 2950-53 2950-53 2950-53 5750-X3 5750-X3 5750-X3 1056-SH 1056-SH 1056-SH 7516-53 7516-53 7516-53 5750-X3 57! 0-X3 5750-X3 7/3/75 VINYL CtiLORl0E (PPM) 0.15 0.08 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.22 0.04 0.03 0.04 0 0-03 0.08 0.05 . 0.04 0.04 _ 0.09 . - RECEIVED MAY 23 1974 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT UNIROYAL CHEMICAL DwUia* af UMIROYAL. lac. May 21, 1974 LFM RJD FEL RLK JJT BUT CHK To: W. D. Harris, Oxford Frost: A. C, Werner Subject: MARVINOL^ FVC Resins The attached list covers the MARV1NOL FVC resins currently in our line. The VC levels are preliminary data obtained from (1)(2)(3)(4) A (5). The diffusion of VC from the particle under lab storage conditions eventually results in VC levels below the detectable level (less than 5 ppm) in all three resin types. The 170 ppm figure for MARVINOL 22 dropped to IS ppm in 14 days. Additional aged VC data are being obtained on lab samples and we Intend to follow a truckload of resin from its manufacture to the customer also (6). o> FEL to JIS, 5/6/74 (2) FEL, 5/8/74 (3) FEL to JIS, 4/29/74 (A) FEL to JIS, 4/11/74 <5) FEL to ACW, s/lA/74 (6) ACW to LFM, 5/20/74 Ccx) ACWsdmb attach. URL 02559 INTERCOMPANY CORRESPONDENCE ponaoc.09 MARVINOL PVC RESINS URL 02560 URL 02561 MISHAWAKA PLANT VINYL CHLORIDE SAMPLING DATA TABLE SAMPLE 1DESIGNATION #18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 .10 32 33 34 35 36 } / 38 DATE TAKEN - 5/23/74 5/23/7** 5/23/74 5/23/74 5/23/74 5/23/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/24/74 5/28/74 5/28/74 5/28/74 5/28/7* 5/30/74 5/28/74 5/30/?*) 5/30/74 LOCATION CF-6 Banbury KoKneader - Exit KoKneader - Blender CF--8 Banbury CF-8 Calender CF-6 Calander Hopper Car Under Silo (Inside) KoKneader - Mix Area Ensolite Banbury #2 Seald Bln Bldg. 120 Ensolite Banbury #4 KoKneader - Mix Area CF-6 Banbury CF-8 Banbury KoKneader - Blender CF-8 Calander Hopper Car CF-6 Calander Under Silo (1nSide) Bag Storage Bldg. 120 VINYL ROSIN IN USE VR-22 6- 24 VR-23 VR-23 VR-22 & 24 VR-22 VR-22 VR-22 VR-22 VR-22 VR-23 VR-24 VR-23 VR-24 VR-22 & 24 VR-22 VR-23 VR-22 VR-22 VR-22 vr- n VR 24 * P.P.M. V.C.M. 0.0 0.0 38.0 l .4 2.2 1.5 0.5 12.5 0.2 0.0 1.3 0.0 0.0 2.3 1.4 23.3 1 .5 2.6 0.3 25.8 13.0 Motes: i. Sampling - 1.5 iIters/minute for 20 minutes using a Willson -Casell/n Pump with Mishawaka fabricated 5 Inch charcoal tubes. 2. CF - Designated Coated Fabrics 3* AH samples were taken with pump and sample tubes attached to operator In breathing zone area except samples #25 and 37* which were static samples. LOCATION/OPERATION Master Batch Mixer Primary Mixer Three Roll Mill PVC Storage Area Main Basement Storage Area DATE 6/17/74 11/19/74 1/30/75 6/17/74 H 1/30/75 URL 02562 I, STOUGHTON PLANT TYPE TEST COMPOUND Opera tor II m ii ii 4426 ii 9754 If 6/17/74 ti 11/19/74 3/27/75 6/17/74 11/19/74 12/6/74 3/27/74 6/17/74 ti ii Static Static ii it ii Static 4426 4426, 9754 3411 FM 3132 11/19/74 12/6/74 Static " August 8, 1975 VCM (ppm) >.0 ).0 0.02 0.09 0.0 0.0 0.10 0.02 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.20 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.17 2.0 0.0 0.10 REMARKS VR53, Ethyl 255 VR53 VR53, Geon 124 Pliovic W02, Geon 124 VR53, 5051 VR53 5051, VR10, Pliovic, Geon 1124 5051, Pliovic, Geon 124 VR53, 5051 VR53, 5051 VR10, FR53, 5051, UC vinyl dispersion Ethyl EH219 VR10, VR53 5051 Scrap VR23, UC Vinyl Dispersion Pliovic W02, Ethyl 218, 255 (VR23 unloaded from trailer in morning6/17/74) Various M LOCATION/OPERATION Trailer truck prior to unloading DATE 6/17/74 6/18/74 11/19/74 12/6/74 " m M URL 02563 TYPE TfiST S tatic it it ti m II ii COMPOUND Unloading Trailer Truck Ink Room 6/17/74 6/18/74 11/19/74 IT 12/6/74 IT 6/17/74 11/19/74 1/30/75 II 3/27/75 Operator II II ii m m ii ii n II Static 379-91D VCM (ppm) 106.0 4.0 0.0 1.40 0.74 18.00 6.00 3.0 0.0 0.16 0.0 0.02 0.32 0.0 0.0 0.08 0.14 0.0 REMARKS VR23, VR53 VR5051 UC Vinyl dispersion 0YJV 5870 VR5051 (Truck #1) VR5051 (Thirty minute purge) VR5051 ( Truck #2) VR5051 (after three minute pu with pedesta fan) VR23, VR53 VR5051 VR53 UC 0YJV 5870 VR5051 (Truck #1) VR5051 (Truck #2) VR23 (Slip solution) Slip solution VR23 (Slip solution) (Urethane Coating) Slip solution Note: No detectable vinyl chloride concentration detected at coating, printing and embossing. URL 02564 LOCAT ION /OPE RATI ON Enclosed area under North Silo Banbury Tower during transfer Banbury Operator Banbury Drop Mill Compounding Room Receiving Warehouse DATE 7/18/74 12/11/74 " 7/18/74 12/11/74 7/18/74 12/11/74 7/18/74 12/11/74 7/18/74 12/11/74 7/18/74 12/11/74 PORT CLINTON TYPE TEST Static m n Static it Operator ii Operator 11 Operator ii Static i COMPOUND 95201 WBMK 40995 65211-EE 40763 VCM (ppm) 0.80 0.14 0.16 2.3 0.11 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.14 0.0 0.11 August 8, 1975 REMARKS VR22 (minimal Employee exposure) VR22 it n m VR22 ii it ii VR22 (minimal employee exposure) VR22 ii it ii VR22 VR22 VR10, VR53 (Slip solution) VR5051, VR5056 Note: No detectable vinyl chloride concentrations at calendering printing and coating operations. URL 02565 CHICAGO PLANT LOCATION/OPERATION Warehouse Trailer Truck Unloading Trailer Banbury Operator DATE 11/12/74 n 4/24/75 " ti n 4/30/75 u 11 5/13/75 it 5/13/75 5/13/75 11/12/74 5/13/75 TVPE TEST Operator S tatic II it it M Static n Operator Static M Static Operator Operator i COMPOUND VCM (ppm) 0.28 0.14 0.15 0.15 0,10 0.48 0.94 1.57 2.00 0.09 0.10 2.10 0.08 0 0.04 Note: No detectable vinyl chloride concentrations found at other operations. WARSAW. WASHINGTON No detectable vinyl chloride concentrations found at operations involving using PVC. August 8, 1975 REMARKS VR24 VR24 (above pallet) VR23 ( " VR23 (floor level) VR24 (above pallet) VR24 (near fan) VR23 VR24 VR23 & 24 Northwest South L. Grecco May 28, 1975 cc: L-L. F. Dierinaer - Oxford - E-G-l R. W. Ma11ory 11 D-2-2 R. P. Braun E. L. Loeffler C. R. Brown G. W. Ouei1ette P. P. D'Eletto L. J. Primeau 0; L. Frey R. L. Schmi11 M. E. Has ke11 R. H. Schiffe r J. R,. Sell ers Re: Mi shawaka Plant - Vinyl Chloride Monomer Air Sampling and Operator Exposure Air sampling of environment and storage areas and operator monitoring has been conducted at the Mishawaka Plant for the past year. During the course of this testing we did find several areas which would have been in violation of the Federal Standard, which became effective on January 1, 1975- With the cooperation of our engineering, safety and production groups, the major problems have been resolved with the addition of ventilation in the silo areas, hopper car unloading area and the Ko Kneader mixing area. The purging of trailer trucks for 30 minutes before unloading has proven to be effective and will be continued. Our warehouse and storage areas have varied from time to time and some static tests taken on the skids do exceed the 0.5 PPM standard, operator exposure in these areas will be below the standard on a time weighted average. Some additional air movement will be considered after we have conducted additional tests with the continuous monitor we have requested. Building 24 (half floor) cannot be used as a storage area for PVC resin due to inadequate ventilation. Mr. R. H. Schiffer has been advised. Signs will have to be posted on each of our silos and in each of our storage areas. This will be coordinated by the writer with the responsible production and safety representatives. The attached tables will show the air sampling results since the previous report. The effectiveness of our programs can be seen in the areas dis cussed above. A training program is being outlined and will be completed by June 15, 1975* In accordance with the Federal Standard, any employee exposed to Vinyl Chloride will have to be instructed in the potential danger of Vinyl Chloride and our programs to reduce the amount of exposure and continued testing. This program will be coordinated by the writer with the respective production organizations in the plant and in our division. URL 02566 Attach - 3 LOCATION/OPERATION Ko Kneader Mixing Silos - PVC Storage URL 02567 MISHAWAKA PLANT VINYL CHLORIDE TESTING DATE 5/23/74 5/28/74 7/10/74 9/6/74 10/28/74 4/1/75 4/29/75 TYPE TEST Operator H II " <r 11 11 PVC USED VR-23 u 11 11 11 1 M 5/24/74 5/30/74 7/7/74 7/8/74 4/14/75 4/15/75 Static 11 11 11 " 11 VR-22 11 11 VR-23 VR-22 VR-23 L J. Grecco May 28, 1975 VCM (PPM) 3.80 2.33 0.61 0.61 0.68 0.04 0.00 1.25 2.50 ' 7-10 4.57 0.59 0.45 REMARKS Wall Exhaust Fan Used Hopper Exhaust Installed .t Exhaust Fans Installed -MISHAWAKA PLANT VINYL CHLORIDE TESTING ENSOLITE L a m in a to r 8 /2 9 /7 4 " VR-22 0.00 MISHAWAKA PLANT - VINYL CHLORIDE TESTING LOCATION/OPERATION ENSOLITE Oven DATE 9/16/74 CE-ll Embosser 9/20/74 Bldg. 53 Comet Machine 10/17/74 Bldg. 61-3 Storage 4/23/75 4/23/75 Bldg. 80 Unloading PVC 4/29/75 4/29/75 URL 02569 tVPE TEST Operator 11 11 Static tr Operator 11 PVC USED VR-22 VR-22 & 24 VR-22 VR-23 VR-22 VR-22 1I VCM (PPM) 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.61 0.27 0.08 0.00 REMARKS -3 Above Hopper Car Ground Level sr eMeqsjw e^eMeqs jvi m pJO^XQ sjtis *y 4r ` neaun jj *p *| Ajo[ieg * *y ja6u j ja iq H ]: oa URL 02570 'H ll saotAjaj |eo|UL|osi *Ja6suew ooosjo *p *T4 --'^''T'TN;-' . V/ r 3|qei paqaene 345 uo UMOqs aje apijojqs jXuj/\ jo suo;1ej)uaauoa aqj^ (253) apij|nsip uoqjeo 6u;sn paqs||dmooaa s9m sajdwes j;e aqi 6uiqjosao "Aqdej6o:ieijjojqo se6 6ujsn luejj e^PMeqs;vi aq3 IB XjojejoqeT |eDjjA|eu\/ aqi Aq pazA[eue 3J3M sa(dwe$ auoz 6u;qieajq aqi 01 asop psuoiaisod saqnj leoojeqa aqj qijM ua^ei ajaM sajduies joiejado *ja|dwe5 jeuosjaj uos|ifl aqj }as-ajd 01 pasn seM jaiaui mo[^ Ajoiejoqei y -ainuiui jad j;e sjaijj 5`0 jo aiej aqj ie saqru (eoajeqa pue ja|duie$ [euosjaj uos[|\f\ a 6u | sn pa^aaitoo ajaw safdwes jiy -pjepueis I^Jap^i wau aqi qjiM aauepjooaa u; *jl\ 46l JaqtuaAON uo juei<j uoiq6noi5 aqi i? ino pajjjea s e/* suo lajjua^uoo apijOjqQ jAuja ainwjaiap 01 6ui{diues jy suoj jejjuaouoQ apjjojqQ jAuj/y joj 6u|{duies Jjy :ay lN3WiU\/d3Q ^^0/C3iA/JU *161 6 j3o 3/l/3 03^ luajj uoiq6nois i J1uunj *3 -y 7Z6I *S jaquiaaag ^ O'* vn x* oj ro O ^OCO*jCT'Vf>4^WK> tOoi O a r> i to" on O Q) or+ oCD "i o o oO XJ n o(D o _ .n Qj r+ O o1 n 3 * i/i 3" A Q. "D Cl C a to "i m -- O' m 3 Cr O O' t/> A -- 3 7C 50 O 3 CD CD 1A 03 O' A T> 3 "1 A --3 3 r n t/> 3 A n -I 3A -- <> 3A a > "l ft r~ to cr m 3 cr 0 i/t VI A " O r~ 3 c -- 3 -- cr pn _ 1 o <c >A OA Cl o 3o *n O AC 3 & rf C ID i-t 3 *Tt A3 --1 A "n ---- "1 r+ A H 3- -i A --i 3 3A o_ A -1 A v--* n --. A 3D -1 3 --1 "1 ZD to VI A 3 A 3 f* O ^1 ft ft 3 A A 3 o -- -- 1 r A r-* A -1 o A "1 A * o --1 -o 3 "1 -\ A 23 AA A SO < o 3: *D < 0 so A to 3 X 3A ~1 CO r* O -l A to A 2 A O' A n CD A A 3" 2 X A ~1 ft rr o c to O *o A C A3 7T A "1 1/1 A A n- O rn c w VJ < to1 --- ~l V---O -- 0 N3 c CD I/I 11 IS) O--1 A n 1O VO 1 O Oc VO VI w KI J) VO o > > c 3" o *3wo o3 OO 0 00000 Obb bb b bb O00 000 00 < 0 000O00 00 0 3 bb bb 00 00 00 O' 0 0 0 00 0 *0 "D 3 A n 0n CORRECTED COPY STOUGHTON PLANT Same 1e 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23- Location Cl Coater - Tandem Operator Inside Trailer Truck (Union Carbide) Unloading Trailer Truck (Union Carbide) C-7 Coater Operator C-7 Coater - Tandem Operator Aisle by Cafeteria URL 02572 Compound EI9I2-B OYJV 5870 OYJV 5870 7299 7299 * Emo1ovee John Hay Environment Jerry Greene Ingvald Bruheim Obert Hanson Gray Shaw Notes: Closed trailer truck shows concentration of Vinyl Chloride greater than limit. Truck should be opened IS minutes prior to unloading. -2- VCM (PPK) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 INTERDIVISION ONLY mrza L^., January 13, 1975 R. E. Cunniff Stoughton Plant RECEIVED JftN 16 1975 MEDICAL department Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride Concentrations Air sampling to determine Vinyl Chloride concentrations was carried out at the Stoughton Plant on December 6, 197*+ in accordance with the new Federal Standard, Samples were analyzed by the Analytical Laboratory at the Mishawaka Plant using gas chromatography. The concentrations of Vinyl Chloride are shown on the attached tables. One of the tables represents employee testing and static tests in storage areas of the plant. The second table represents static tests taken inside the trucks as received. These values will vary but will normally be above the 1 PPM exposure level. It is important to open the truck doors and allcw the truck to air out for 20-30 minutes prior to unloading to minimize operator exposure. URL 02573 cc:\ L. R. L. J. F. DieringerW. Mallory J. Primeau R. Sellers Oxford " Mishawaka " Js Services SAMPLE LOCATIONS Unloading Truck #1 Marvinol 5051 - 800 bags Upper Resin Storage Area Marvinol 5051 Basement Storage Area Unloading Truck #2 Marvinol VR53 800 bags URL 02574 STOUGHTON PLANT EMPLOYEE Ron Fosdat Static Test Static Test Lloyd Lea VCM (PPM) 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.32 3 T! > l" re a. -fi r* --. a. ffl A V> "l <+ --h 0) OJ n o 33 -+! -- rt 0) 3 3CO -h <t> c* *co C re <Q 7T to 5 =S*fJc --* n- 1 __ 3 ?a* w -- *i a. < to 3 -1 O -- c3 n '-n * O Vfl 5tfc -- Ni 1 co O o cr 11; IQ (/) 3 > (/ -h r* (V ato. n 3 oo 3 3 3O C fret rf XcI C re "1 7T IQ re stfr | 3 3w Ql -- T Q. < re 3H O -- c"i n \J1 7r O Uw1 itt | oCO o cr Ql IQ V) in > 3 X m ro r> > -H -- O z in in r+ in ft in ft in ct -i -< in 0) r* re a> re Ql rt re 0) rt re TJ m -i cCOMr m in 33 C3 ro 1--/1j cn oo oo oo -J 00 oV **j \S\ (oo0 o \*r . 7- -G - l INTERDIVISION ONLY wjirovrl February 1975 R, E. Cunniff Stoughton Plant 1975 JvlEDiCAL DEPARTMENT -1 Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride and Solvent Concentrations Air samples were taken at the Stoughton Plant on January 30, 1975 and submitted to Mishawaka for analysis. Vinyl Chloride was determined on all samples and solvent concentrations were determined on the ink room samples only. There are no problems at the Stoughton Plant with Vinyl Chloride or solvents in the areas tested. cc: . L. F. Dieringer - Oxford R. W. Mai lory - " L. J. Primeau - Mishawaka J. R,, Sellers - '* Manager, Technical Services URL 02516 Js oo n: 31 aA 33o CL CL (V A n i/i i/> 0o 33 o c o 30 -o< >1 co 2m 7? -- 03 VvrO --> ~1 30 AUl 3 c 30 C/I r 2m l Oi N> V V V>J _ H 2 N T| A "I Oo JS- 00 Jr o O' v*> Co "U O VT -no - O ui 03-- NP>- o oNO Oo ---o <i wWol 3 0< O-- -- rjor n o o-- O 3" A --O it 3 3-- vo ro ST trt -o 03 -- O-- WO --o o N> o vo 7 tCnD <33 O(6 --O I o r--fW VW/l 3 33 /-vN-- -- -C" Qi < o OcTzoJ C r7--3 voNrJt ---Oj -3 Imz 2 7^ rj I -P* o> _ N O K> . O i CTZI31 April 30, 1975 R. E. Cunniff Stoughton Plant t Received MAY 3 1975 MEDICAL department Re: Air Sampling for Vinyl Chloride and Solvent Concentrations Air samples were taken at the Stoughton Plant on March 27 and April 2, 1975 and submitted to Mishawaka for analysis. Vinyl Chloride was determined on all samples and solvent concentrations were determined on the ink room samples only. There are no problems at the Stoughton Plant with Vinyl Chloride in the areas tested. Solvent concentrations are high in the ink room and during clean-up operations. Exhausts,over drums and covers are recommended. L. j. Grecco Manager, Technical Services cc: L. F. Oieringer - Oxford - E-G-l R. W. Mallory "> D 2-2 L. J. Primeau J, R. Sellers - Mishawaka M WL 02578 t SAMPLE LOCATIONS 1. Millroom - Tuk^S.torage 2. Mill room - Tub Storage OPERATOR Static X Static 3. Mi11 room - 3 Roll Mill A. Millroom - Resin Storage Area 5- Aisle Between C-9 & C-ll 6. Ink Room North 7. Ink Room 8. P-8 3rd Head S tat ic Static Static Stat ic Static Static URL 02579 STOUGHTON PLANT COMPOUND VCM TOLUENE FL-02049.1 Geon 128 0.25 FL-03412 Geon 128 0.15 FM-3132 0.20 Scrap - 0.17 0.10 VYHH & Solvents 0.00 Mixing S1ip 0.00 4 - 0.00 9 P.P.M. MEK THF ACETONE . "I** 186 2720 236 8 890 12 94 2500 \22 Note: Solvent concentrations are above standard. Exhausting is required. :OU. RECEIVED Handling Vinyl Chloride Emergencies The MCA CHEMTREC Program described here will simplify the reporting of accidents involving VCM, and aid in establishing liaison with the accident scene and the shipper. |l ::! - 1S7Z DEPARTMENT D.L. Dowell B.F. Goodrich Chemical Co. Cleveland, Ohio URL 02580 An article in this manual yj R.D. Kogler entitled "Vinyl Chloride Tank Car Incident" presents a step-by-step description of a train wreck which occurred on September 11. 1969 in Glendora, Miss. There were 157 cars in this train, eight of which were loaded with vinyl chloride monomer. Of the eight VCM cars involved, five remained full and intact after all the fires were extinguished. Due to some erroneous information, and the actions of a few civil authorities, approximately 30,000 people were evacuated from their homes unnecessarily. This incident caused a lot of adverse publicity to those companies involved in the production and consumption of vinyl chloride monomer. Upon request of Uniroyal, part owner of Monochem, a meeting was called by the Manufacturing Chemists' Association Safety and Fire Protection Committee, on October 27, 1969, in the MCA office in Washington, D.C. The purpose of this meeting was to: 1. Accumulate authoritative information on the combustion products of vinyl chloride monomer. 2. Review the current chemical safety data sheet and consider the possible need of a revised publication. 3. Discuss various aspects of the recent accident, and the adverse publicity which ensued. 4. Consider possible means of preventing a recurrence. Task groups formed Nineteen people, representing 11 companies who produce and/or consume vinyl chloride, attended this meeting under chairmanship of Mr. S.M. MacCutcheon of Dow Chemical. Mr. Jack R. Little from Monochem gave a detailed description of (lie Glendora, Mississippi, derailment, explosion, fire, and evacuation of people. Three ad hoc task groups were appointed to function under the MCA Safety and Fire Protection Committee to evaluate and make recommendations for overall vinyl chloride monomer transportation safety. Task Group A was assigned the project of accumulating information on vinyl chloride uansporation accidents that had occurred in the past six years. Task Group B was assigned the development of recommendations for v..,wigency procedures in the event of vinyl chloride transportation accidents, whether or not fire is involved. At a later date Task Group B was requested to make the necessary revisions on Chemical Data Sheet SD-56, and Cargo Information Card, CIC-SO, and MCA Chem Card CC-46. Task Group C was assigned the problem of defining the combustion products from vinyl chloride monomer. The objectives of this group were: 1. Determine the amount of phosgene that may be produced when VCM is burned under known conditions. 2. Define total combustion products from VCM. 3. Develop a mathematical model to simulate the burning of a tank car of VCM and define the concentration of various combustion products at a given distance from the fire. 4. Make recommendations as to field testing meth ods for measuring concentration of toxic combustion products. Task Group A completed its project on April 22, 1970 and published a list of case histories of transportation accidents involving vinyjl chloride in the past six years. Task Group C presented its final report on January 14, 1970 with conclusions as follows: "Phosgene is a very .minor combustion product from VCM. Very small quantities of phosgene (20- to 40 ppm) can be produced when VCM is burning under very specific conditions which involves premixing VCM with oxygen. Without premixing, no detectable amount of phosgene is produced. The detection of phosgene in the presence of gross quantities of HCl produced from ithe burning of VCM is an extremely difficult analytical test. "When VCM is burned in the presence of air, an almost quantitative yield of HCl is obtained. The only other combustion products of any consequence are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water. Under diffusion conditions, the combustidn of VCM produces a very sooty flame. Approximately 10% of the available 29 carbon is converted to carbon black," Task Croup C also developed a computer program and calculated a profile of combustion product concentrations at ground level at various distances from a VCM fire. Ten wind speeds from 2- to 35 mi./Ur. were used. The turbulence of the air also was taken into account. The program selects, at each of three atmospheric conditions, the maximum ground level concentration of the pollutants, and the resulting wind speed at which this concentration took place. Using this wind speed, the program calculated a profile of pollutant concentration, at various distances, to a maximum of 20,000 ft. from the fire. The results obtained from this program show that the burning of a single tank car of VCM (200,000 lb.) under the most unfavorable conditions of atmosphere and wind, will produce a ground level concentration of HCl, up to distances of 10,000 ft, of about 5 ppm. However, even at low concentrations, HCl will act as an unmistakable warning, and slightly higher levels will drive peoj.> away from the vicinity. In the immediate vicinity of a VCM fire toxic levels of phosgene may be present, but since no person can remain in the vicinity of a VCM fire, and since the low levels of phosgene are readily hydrolized or dissipated by the updraft of the flame, injury from phosgene is extremely unlikely. From the data collected, it appears that carbon monoxide should not be cause for concern in the vicinity of burning vinyl chloride. Insufficient oxygen and large quantities of HCl seem to be the chief hazards. If there is any question of the presence of phosgene, a Drager tube equipped with a zinc scrubber tube, can be used. A report was presented on combustion products from vinyl chloride monomer at the Industrial Hygiene Association Meeting on May 14, 1970, in Detroit, Mich. This information will be published in a future issue of the American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal in an article authored by L.B. Crider, and M.M. O'mara of B.F. Goodrich Chemical, and Roger Daniel of Dow Chemical Co. Safety in handling VCM Task Group B took the available information from Task Groups A and C and proceeded to design guidelines for personnel handling vinyl chloride monomer tank car emergencies. Their recommendations have been submitted to the Safety and Fire Protection Committee of MCA for review. Recommendations are as follows: 1. Personnel attending the accident scene -- Shipper's representatives are only advisors, but should emphasize proper procedures for expediting clearing of the scene. 2. Take an emergency kit. The following items are considered essential: a. Explosion meter. b. Self-contained air supply. c. Wood plugs and wood mallet (see Bureau of Explosives Bulletin #22). d. Data Sheet SD-56 and pencils. c. Camera and film. i f. Flashlight (Bureau of Mines approved). g. Rubber gloves. h. Slicker suit. i. Rubber overshoes. j. Safety line (braided stainless, plastic covered and harness. k. Goggles. l. Safety hat. m.O rings. o. 10 in. adjustable wrench. p. Screwdriver. q. Ground continuity meter. It is recommended to take along a back-up man and (c avoid wearing woolen or nylon clothing. 3. Leaks of vinyl chloride: a. Controllable leaks 1. Small holes -- drive a wooden plug. 2. Larger holes -- use neoprene patch, bonded or chained to the tank. Special rigs should be left to the judgment of the man at scene. 3. Jagged holes are very difficult to close, 4. Ansul Purple K will extinguish a vinyl chloride fire but re-ignition often occurs. Use around valve if it appears that a leak can be subsequently controlled. b. Uncontrollable leaks -- no fire 1. Isolate the area. 2. Remove sources of ignition. 3. Control spread of vapors by water spray or fog system, c. Uncontrollable leaks -- fire 1. Evacuate and isolate the immediate area. 2. Keep adjacent cars cool if possible with monitor nozzles. 3. Keep unofficial personnel away. --' 4. Treat a non-burning tank car in the vicinity of a Fire as if it were about to rupture. i 5. If vinyl chloride reaches a sewer, evacuate the area and flush the sewers with copious amounts of water from the fire hoses. 4. Spilled vinyl chloride: a. Spilled vinyl chloride should not be deliverately ignited. 5. Recovery or removal of vinyl chloride from a tank car: a. Depending upon circumstances and the extent of car damage, vinyl chloride may be recoverable. 1. If the car condition permits, transfer the contents to empty cars using inert gas. 2. If a car is ruptured, attempt to use a pump with a flooded suction. 3. If pumping is impractical, use water or oil to float out the remainder of the vinyl chloride. 4. Fill the empty tank with water or nitrogen. 5. If a vinyl-ice mixture forms, keep a water stream on the tank until it dissipates. ^ DD URL 02582 6. Handling of vinyl chloride in a damaged car can he influenced by weather conditions. a. Al low temperatures, since vaporization is teduced, patch the tank, if possible, so it can be moved. Task Group B, with the aid of staff members from the Manufacturing Chemists' Association, developed informalion for use by CHEMTREC on vinyl chloride monomer emergencies. This includes a list of manufacturers of vinyl chloride, their addresses, telephone numbers, and names of personnel that may be contacted and their home telephone numbers. Upon receipt of request from the shipper, the nearest qualified man will go to the scene of an accident as an advisor. We, who are producers and consumers of vinyl chloride monomer, have unanimously agreed that we have to work together if we are going to continue shipping monomer via railways. Control of VCM in marine emergencies About mid-year 1970. Task Group B was requested to continue its studies and make recommendations for handling vinyl chloride accidents in maritime transporta tion. They have completed their recommendations and they will be submitted this month. Their recommenda tions for control of marine emergencies are as follows: 1. Safety equipment -- safety equipment at the dock, other than normal types of safety equipment, should include: a. Self-contained breathing equipment (at least two units with two spare bottles). b. Explosion meter. c. Ground continuity meter. d. Water with an appropriate number of nozzles. e. Dry chemical fire extinguishers. f. MCA Data Sheet SD-56 and Chemcard CIC ^30 2. T> pes of emergencies: a. General -- activate the alarm. b. Controllable leaks -- no fire: 1. Isolate the leak and source. 2. Eliminate ignition sources. 3. Control spread of vapors by water-fog. 4. Attempt to repair the leak using adequate safety protection procedures. c. An uncontrollable leak, ruptures, -- no fire: 1. Isolate the area. 2. Remove all sources of ignition. 3. Use water spray to prevent accumulation of liquid and dissipate the vapor cloud. It is not recom mended that ship's fire water supply be hooked into the city water supply, d. Uncontrollable leaks -- fire: 1. Isolate the area. 2. Evacuate the area except for emergency personnel. 3. Use water-fog on fire and fumes (don't extin guish fire unless leak can be controlled). 4. Use copious amounts of water to keep ad jacent areas cool. 5. Treat adjacent tanks as if they were about to rupture. 6. Make provisions to minimize the mixing of air with vinyl chloride vapor in confined spaces and the burn ing tanks or lines (use water, nitrogen, or other inert gases). e. Exposure 1. Remove exposed persons to fresh air. 2. Apply artificial respiration or oxygen if the person is not breathing. 3. Call a physician. 4. Remove contaminated clothing and thaw frosted parts of the body with water. 5. If exposed to gas from the fire, administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. 3. Spilled vinyl chloride -- vinyl chloride spills should not be deliberately ignited. 4. Recovery or removal of vinyl chloride: a. Depending upon the circumstances and the extent of tank damage, vinyl chloride may be recovered, but provisions must be made to keep air out of the tanks. 1. If the tank conditions permit, transfer the contents to an empty tank or back to the shore. 2. If the tank cannot be patched and it does not have a deep well pump, pr the deep well pump cannot be used, sparge hot inert gas into the bottom of the tank to vaporize the vinyl chloride. 3. Fill empty tank with water or inert gas. Work is proceeding on the development of a revised edition of the MCA Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-56. This new edition will contain the emergency recommenda tions developed by Task Group B. It is hoped the revised data sheet will be published in 1971. We who produce or purchase vinyl chloride believe that the MCA CHEMTREC Program will be advantageous in that: 1. It will simplify reporting and receiving accident information involving vinyl chloride cars. 2. It will give immediate response to the caller regarding the immediate . hazards of vinyl -chloride monomer. 3. It will also aid in establishing liaison with both the accident scene and the shipper. # DOWELL, D. L.l 31 CARBIDE UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION CHEMICALS ANO PLASTICS CHARLESTON PLANT P.O.BOX 8004 &OUTH CHARLESTON. W.VA. 2S303 VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER THRESHOLD ODOR CONCENTRATION IN AIR The Odor Panelists have been screened for proficiency by the Arthur D. Little, Inc., Co. and have an average of 10 years experience In odor detections and evaluations. These screening test results are on file in the South Charleston Plant Laboratory. Mr. Griffith, the chairman and moderator of the testing program is a graduate chemist and a member of the American Society for Testing and Materials E-18 Committee. This committee was founded in 1960 to promote knowledge, stimulate research, state principles and develop recommended practices in all areas of sensory evaluation of materials and products. Fields of interest currently represented include air pollution, clothing and textiles, metals and appliances, beverages and liquors, manufactured food products, flavors and fragrances, agricultural commodities, naval stores, tobacco, chemicals, paints and varnishes, paper and plastics, telephone, railroads, petro leum and allied products, laboratory equipment, packaging materials and pharmaceuticals. He is currently co-chairman of a Task Group to develop a recommended practice for odor of chemicals. Mr. Griffith represents the Kanawha Valley Union Carbide Locations on this committee. URL 02839 MAA/Jjh MV A. Aitken -- "r~ Director of Laboratories UNION CARBIDE RECfifVFD JUL 05 1974 PLANT LABORATORY R. N. WHEELER, JR. UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS SOUTH CHARLESTON RIANT P.O.BOX 6004 SOUTH CHARLESTON. W.VA. 15303 URL 02840 REFERENCES 1. SDE-56 Vinyl Chloride Issued 1972 Page 6, Paragraph 3,1.2. Manufacturing Chemists Association Threshold Odor 260 ppm ' 2* Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Patty, F. A. and Associates Interscience Publishers 1962 Volume 2 Page 1304 4100 ppm lowest level VCM odor can be detected* 3. Basic Principles of Sensory Evaluation STP 433 American Society for Testing and Materials 4. Manual on Sensory Testing Methods STP 434 American Society for Testing and Materials 5. Correlation of Subjective-Objective Methods in the Study of Odors and Taste STP 440 American Society for Testing and Materials UNION CARBIDE PLANT LABORATORY UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS SOUTH CHARLESTON SLANT P.O.BOX 6004 SOUTH CHARLESTON. W.VA. 25303 URL 02841 VINYL CHLORIDE MONOMER THRESHOLD ODOR CONCENTRATION IN AIR SUMMARY Aa the result of some discrepancies existing in the literature 1,2, for the Threshold Odor Level of vinyl chloride monomer In air, a study was initiated by the South Charleston Plant Odor Panel to determine the lowest detectable odor level of VCM in air. These data are tabulated in Table I. DISCUSSION A series of six samples of vinyl chloride monomer r and a blank were presented to the odor panel for deter* mination of the Threshold Odor Level. The samples were prepared in increasing concentration over odorless distilled water In 250-ml Erlen- meyer flasks with stainless steel caps and submitted to a panel of seven people with instructions to record the first detectable odor. Each panelist tested the samples Individually, so that there was no collusion among panelists. A sample of the VCM vapor was then taken and analyzed by an AID Gas Chromatograph Model 511, hydrogen flame detector equipped with an 8 ft. column packed with Poropak Q 50-80 mesh. These data were corrected for the water vapor pressure and calculated to normal gas volume conditions, 0C and 760 mm mercury. Hie tests and analytical data were duplicated. CONCLUSION Individuals vary greatly as to the minimum concentration which is barely detectable. Our most sensitive odor panelists barely detected an odor of VCM at 1200 ppm. Normal odor detection level of VCM is at 2000 ppm. The normal detection level of VCM for the average untrained person is probably higher than 2000 ppm, An explanation as to why discrepancies have existed in the Threshold Odor Level is the fact that VCM is now a much purer commercial product than it was years ago and the odor detected was probably due to some Impurity rather thah VCM. , Chairman . . JTITT South Charleston Plant Odor Panel